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class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Witryna"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Spis treści" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Spis treści</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Początek</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Właściwości" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Właściwości"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Właściwości</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Właściwości-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Występowanie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Występowanie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Występowanie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Występowanie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Związki" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Związki"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Związki</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Związki-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izotopy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izotopy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Izotopy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Izotopy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Przełącz podsekcję Izotopy</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Izotopy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bizmut-210" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bizmut-210"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Bizmut-210</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bizmut-210-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zastosowanie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zastosowanie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Zastosowanie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zastosowanie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Znaczenie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Znaczenie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Znaczenie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Znaczenie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uwagi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uwagi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Uwagi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uwagi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Spis treści" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bizmut</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 146 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-146" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">146 języków</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bismut" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A2%E1%88%B5%E1%88%98%E1%8B%9D" title="ቢስመዝ – amharski" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቢስመዝ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A5" title="बिस्मथ – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="बिस्मथ" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA" title="بزموت – arabski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بزموت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto – aragoński" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Bismuto" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9" title="Պիսմութ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Պիսմութ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuthu" title="Bismuthu – arumuński" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Bismuthu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="arumuński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismutu" title="Bismutu – asturyjski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Bismutu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut – azerbejdżański" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bismut" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbejdżański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth – balijski" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Bismuth" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A5" title="বিসমাথ – bengalski" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বিসমাথ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth – minnański" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Bismuth" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Висмут – baszkirski" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Висмут" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baszkirski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Вісмут – białoruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вісмут" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="białoruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Бісмут – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Бісмут" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A5" title="बिस्मथ – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="बिस्मथ" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Bismuto" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Бисмут – bułgarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бисмут" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bułgarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%90%E0%BC%8D" title="བི་སི་མ་ཐ། – tybetański" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="བི་སི་མ་ཐ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tybetański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizmut" title="Bizmut – bośniacki" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bizmut" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bośniacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut – bretoński" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bismut" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bismut" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Висмут – czuwaski" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Висмут" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="czuwaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto – cebuański" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Bismuto" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bismut" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismutu" title="Bismutu – korsykański" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Bismutu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsykański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismwth" title="Bismwth – walijski" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bismwth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth – duński" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bismuth" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="duński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AB" title="بيسموث – marokański arabski" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="بيسموث" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="marokański arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bismut" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vismut" title="Vismut – estoński" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vismut" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%B8%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Βισμούθιο – grecki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βισμούθιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobry artykuł"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Bismuth" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Висмут – erzja" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Висмут" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bismuto" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Bismuto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bismuto" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA" title="بیسموت – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بیسموت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth – hindi fidżyjskie" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Bismuth" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindi fidżyjskie" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bismuth" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bism%C3%BBt" title="Bismût – friulski" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Bismût" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosmat" title="Biosmat – irlandzki" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Biosmat" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Bismut" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biosmat" title="Biosmat – szkocki gaelicki" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Biosmat" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="szkocki gaelicki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto – galicyjski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Bismuto" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%8D" title="鉍 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="鉍" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%A5" title="બિસ્મથ – gudżarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="બિસ્મથ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudżarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Bismuth" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Бисмутум – kałmucki" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Бисмутум" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kałmucki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A4%EB%AC%B4%ED%8A%B8" title="비스무트 – koreański" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="비스무트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9" title="Բիսմութ – ormiański" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բիսմութ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="ormiański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A5" title="बिस्मथ – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बिस्मथ" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizmut" title="Bizmut – chorwacki" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bizmut" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Bismuto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut – indonezyjski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bismut" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Bismuth" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Висмут – osetyjski" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Висмут" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBima" title="IBima – zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IBima" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bism%C3%BAt" title="Bismút – islandzki" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Bismút" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bismuto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%98" title="ביסמוט – hebrajski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ביסמוט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut – jawajski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Bismut" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jawajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C9%A9s%C9%A9m%CA%8At%C9%A9" title="Pɩsɩmʊtɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Pɩsɩmʊtɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D" title="ಬಿಸ್ಮತ್ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬಿಸ್ಮತ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ბისმუთი – gruziński" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბისმუთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruziński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Висмут – kazachski" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Висмут" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazachski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth – kornijski" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Bismuth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuthi" title="Bismuthi – suahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Bismuthi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Висмут – komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Висмут" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismit" title="Bismit – kreolski haitański" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Bismit" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="kreolski haitański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AEzm%C3%BBt" title="Bîzmût – kurdyjski" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Bîzmût" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Висмут – kirgiski" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Висмут" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgiski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Висмут – zachodniomaryjski" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Висмут" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="zachodniomaryjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisemutum" title="Bisemutum – łaciński" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Bisemutum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="łaciński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuts" title="Bismuts – łotewski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bismuts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="łotewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut – luksemburski" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Bismut" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismutas" title="Bismutas – litewski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bismutas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bism%C3%BCo" title="Bismüo – liguryjski" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Bismüo" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguryjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biesmoet" title="Biesmoet – limburski" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Biesmoet" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vismuttu" title="Vismuttu – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Vismuttu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/jinmrbismu" title="jinmrbismu – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="jinmrbismu" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto – lombardzki" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Bismuto" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizmut" title="Bizmut – węgierski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bizmut" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="węgierski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Бизмут – macedoński" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бизмут" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismota" title="Bismota – malgaski" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Bismota" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="ബിസ്മത് – malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബിസ്മത്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A5" title="बिस्मथ – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बिस्मथ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA" title="بزموت – egipski arabski" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بزموت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egipski arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bismut" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9k_(g%C4%ADng-s%E1%B9%B3%CC%86k)" title="Bék (gĭng-sṳ̆k) – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Bék (gĭng-sṳ̆k)" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Висмут – mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Висмут" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%BC%E1%80%BD%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA" title="ကြွပ် – birmański" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကြွပ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bismut" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A5" title="बिस्मुथ – newarski" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="बिस्मुथ" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9E%E3%82%B9" title="ビスマス – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ビスマス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut – północnofryzyjski" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Bismut" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="północnofryzyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vismut" title="Vismut – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Vismut" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vismut" title="Vismut – norweski (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Vismut" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norweski (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismute" title="Bismute – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Bismute" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut – oksytański" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bismut" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksytański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%A5" title="ବିସ୍‌ମଥ – orija" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ବିସ୍‌ମଥ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="orija" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vismut" title="Vismut – uzbecki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Vismut" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A5" title="ਬਿਸਮਥ – pendżabski" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਿਸਮਥ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendżabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A5" title="बिस्मुथ – palijski" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="बिस्मुथ" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="palijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%AA%DA%BE" title="بسمتھ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بسمتھ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%90%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA" title="بېسموت – paszto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بېسموت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paszto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut – piemoncki" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Bismut" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemoncki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wismut" title="Wismut – dolnoniemiecki" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Wismut" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="dolnoniemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bismuto" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut – rumuński" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bismut" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumuński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wismutu" title="Wismutu – keczua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wismutu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="keczua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Висмут – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Висмут" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A5" title="बिस्मुथ – sanskryt" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="बिस्मुथ" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskryt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismutu" title="Bismutu – sardyński" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Bismutu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardyński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Bismuth" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth – fryzyjski saterlandzki" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Bismuth" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="fryzyjski saterlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuti" title="Bismuti – albański" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bismuti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismutu" title="Bismutu – sycylijski" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Bismutu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sycylijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bismuth" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizmut" title="Bizmut – słowacki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bizmut" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="słowacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizmut" title="Bizmut – słoweński" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bizmut" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="słoweński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth – somalijski" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Bismuth" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somalijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA" title="بیزموت – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بیزموت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Бизмут – serbski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бизмут" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizmut" title="Bizmut – serbsko-chorwacki" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bizmut" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbsko-chorwacki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vismutti" title="Vismutti – fiński" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vismutti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vismut" title="Vismut – szwedzki" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vismut" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="szwedzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D" title="பிசுமத் – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பிசுமத்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Висмут – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Висмут" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D" title="బిస్మత్ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="బిస్మత్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97" title="บิสมัท – tajski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บิสมัท" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Висмут – tadżycki" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Висмут" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadżycki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bizmut" title="Bizmut – turecki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bizmut" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Висмут – tuwiński" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Висмут" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuwiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%96%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%82" title="Бісмут – ukraiński" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бісмут" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%AA%DA%BE" title="بسمتھ – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بسمتھ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8B%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%85%DB%87%D8%AA" title="ۋىسمۇت – ujgurski" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ۋىسمۇت" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ujgurski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vismut" title="Vismut – wepski" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Vismut" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="wepski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth – wietnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bismuth" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="wietnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%8D" title="鉍 – chiński klasyczny" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="鉍" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="chiński klasyczny" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuto" title="Bismuto – waraj" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Bismuto" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waraj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%8B" title="铋 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="铋" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%98" title="ביסמוט – jidysz" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ביסמוט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidysz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth" title="Bismuth – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Bismuth" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%8D" title="鉍 – kantoński" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鉍" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%8B" title="铋 – chiński" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="铋" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q942#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edytuj linki pomiędzy wersjami językowymi" class="wbc-editpage">Edytuj linki</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Przestrzenie nazw"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bizmut" title="Zobacz stronę treści [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artykuł</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Dyskusja:Bizmut" rel="discussion" title="Dyskusja o zawartości tej strony [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Zmień wariant języka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">polski</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Widok"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bizmut"><span>Czytaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&veaction=edit" title="Edytuj tę stronę [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Edytuj</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&action=edit" title="Edycja kodu źródłowego strony [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edytuj kod źródłowy</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&action=history" title="Starsze wersje tej strony [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wyświetl historię</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Narzędzia" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Narzędzia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Narzędzia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Więcej opcji" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Działania </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bizmut"><span>Czytaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&veaction=edit" title="Edytuj tę stronę [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Edytuj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&action=edit" title="Edycja kodu źródłowego strony [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edytuj kod źródłowy</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&action=history"><span>Wyświetl historię</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ogólne </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Linkuj%C4%85ce/Bizmut" title="Pokaż listę wszystkich stron linkujących do tej strony [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Linkujące</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Zmiany_w_linkowanych/Bizmut" rel="nofollow" title="Ostatnie zmiany w stronach, do których ta strona linkuje [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Zmiany w linkowanych</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Prześlij_plik" title="Prześlij pliki [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Prześlij plik</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&oldid=76276897" title="Stały link do tej wersji tej strony"><span>Link do tej wersji</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&action=info" title="Więcej informacji na temat tej strony"><span>Informacje o tej stronie</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Cytuj&page=Bizmut&id=76276897&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacja o tym jak należy cytować tę stronę"><span>Cytowanie tego artykułu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Skr%C3%B3%C4%87_adres_URL&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBizmut"><span>Zobacz skrócony adres URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Kod_QR&url=https%3A%2F%2Fpl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBizmut"><span>Pobierz kod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Drukuj lub eksportuj </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCka&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Bizmut"><span>Utwórz książkę</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:DownloadAsPdf&page=Bizmut&action=show-download-screen"><span>Pobierz jako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&printable=yes" title="Wersja do wydruku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Wersja do druku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> W innych projektach </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Bismuth" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q942" title="Link do powiązanego elementu w repozytorium danych [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidanych</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Wygląd</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedii, wolnej encyklopedii</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pl" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox"> <caption class="naglowek" style="background-color:#BCBCBC; color:#000000;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r75562627">.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-ikona{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0;font-size:7px;max-width:40px;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-tekst{flex-grow:1}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-1{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-2{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-3{font-style:italic;font-size:90%}</style><div class="iboxt-1">Bizmut</div> </caption> <tbody><tr style="background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:var(--color-base, black); text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/O%C5%82%C3%B3w" title="Ołów">ołów</a> <b>← bizmut →</b> <a href="/wiki/Polon" title="Polon">polon</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:var(--color-base, black); text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2"><div id="kapral" class="nopadding" style="position:relative"> <div id="bok" style="text-align:center; float:left"><a href="/wiki/Antymon" title="Antymon">Sb</a><br /><b>↑</b><br /><b>Bi</b><br /><b>↓</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Moskow_(pierwiastek)" title="Moskow (pierwiastek)">Mc</a></div> <div id="układ" style="position:absolute; top:5px; left:30px;"> <table class="nogrid" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff; text-align:center; empty-cells:show; border-collapse:separate; border-style:hidden;"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#9AB973;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Wod%C3%B3r" title="Wodór"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="1. pierwiastek: Wodór (H), niemetal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td colspan="31"> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ABCDEF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Hel_(pierwiastek)" title="Hel (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="2. pierwiastek: Hel (He), gaz szlachetny">   </span></a></div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#CC7722;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Lit" title="Lit"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="3. pierwiastek: Lit (Li), metal alkaliczny">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E1A95F;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Beryl_(pierwiastek)" title="Beryl (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="4. pierwiastek: Beryl (Be), metal ziem alkalicznych">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td colspan="25"> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#B87333;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Bor" title="Bor"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="5. pierwiastek: Bor (B), półmetal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#9AB973;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/W%C4%99giel_(pierwiastek)" title="Węgiel (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="6. pierwiastek: Węgiel (C), niemetal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#9AB973;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Azot" title="Azot"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="7. pierwiastek: Azot (N), niemetal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#9AB973;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Tlen" title="Tlen"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="8. pierwiastek: Tlen (O), niemetal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#F0E68C;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Fluor" title="Fluor"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="9. pierwiastek: Fluor (F), niemetal - fluorowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ABCDEF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Neon_(pierwiastek)" title="Neon (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="10. pierwiastek: Neon (Ne), gaz szlachetny">   </span></a></div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#CC7722;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3d" title="Sód"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="11. pierwiastek: Sód (Na), metal alkaliczny">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E1A95F;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Magnez" title="Magnez"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="12. pierwiastek: Magnez (Mg), metal ziem alkalicznych">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td colspan="25"> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#BCBCBC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Glin" title="Glin"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="13. pierwiastek: Glin (Al), metal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#B87333;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Krzem" title="Krzem"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="14. pierwiastek: Krzem (Si), półmetal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#9AB973;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="15. pierwiastek: Fosfor (P), niemetal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#9AB973;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Siarka" title="Siarka"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="16. pierwiastek: Siarka (S), niemetal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#F0E68C;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Chlor" title="Chlor"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="17. pierwiastek: Chlor (Cl), niemetal - fluorowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ABCDEF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="18. pierwiastek: Argon (Ar), gaz szlachetny">   </span></a></div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#CC7722;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Potas" title="Potas"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="19. pierwiastek: Potas (K), metal alkaliczny">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E1A95F;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Wap%C5%84" title="Wapń"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="20. pierwiastek: Wapń (Ca), metal ziem alkalicznych">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td colspan="15"> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Skand" title="Skand"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="21. pierwiastek: Skand (Sc), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Tytan_(pierwiastek)" title="Tytan (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="22. pierwiastek: Tytan (Ti), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Wanad" title="Wanad"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="23. pierwiastek: Wanad (V), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Chrom" title="Chrom"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="24. pierwiastek: Chrom (Cr), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="25. pierwiastek: Mangan (Mn), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBelazo" title="Żelazo"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="26. pierwiastek: Żelazo (Fe), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="27. pierwiastek: Kobalt (Co), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Nikiel" title="Nikiel"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="28. pierwiastek: Nikiel (Ni), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Mied%C5%BA" title="Miedź"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="29. pierwiastek: Miedź (Cu), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Cynk" title="Cynk"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="30. pierwiastek: Cynk (Zn), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#BCBCBC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Gal" title="Gal"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="31. pierwiastek: Gal (Ga), metal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#B87333;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/German" title="German"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="32. pierwiastek: German (Ge), półmetal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#B87333;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Arsen" title="Arsen"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="33. pierwiastek: Arsen (As), półmetal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#9AB973;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Selen" title="Selen"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="34. pierwiastek: Selen (Se), niemetal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#F0E68C;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Brom" title="Brom"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="35. pierwiastek: Brom (Br), niemetal - fluorowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ABCDEF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Krypton" title="Krypton"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="36. pierwiastek: Krypton (Kr), gaz szlachetny">   </span></a></div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#CC7722;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Rubid" title="Rubid"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="37. pierwiastek: Rubid (Rb), metal alkaliczny">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E1A95F;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Stront" title="Stront"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="38. pierwiastek: Stront (Sr), metal ziem alkalicznych">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td colspan="15"> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Itr" title="Itr"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="39. pierwiastek: Itr (Y), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Cyrkon_(pierwiastek)" title="Cyrkon (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="40. pierwiastek: Cyrkon (Zr), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Niob" title="Niob"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="41. pierwiastek: Niob (Nb), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Molibden" title="Molibden"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="42. pierwiastek: Molibden (Mo), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Technet" title="Technet"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="43. pierwiastek: Technet (Tc), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Ruten" title="Ruten"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="44. pierwiastek: Ruten (Ru), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Rod_(pierwiastek)" title="Rod (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="45. pierwiastek: Rod (Rh), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Pallad" title="Pallad"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="46. pierwiastek: Pallad (Pd), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Srebro" title="Srebro"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="47. pierwiastek: Srebro (Ag), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Kadm" title="Kadm"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="48. pierwiastek: Kadm (Cd), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#BCBCBC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Ind" title="Ind"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="49. pierwiastek: Ind (In), metal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#BCBCBC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Cyna" title="Cyna"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="50. pierwiastek: Cyna (Sn), metal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#B87333;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Antymon" title="Antymon"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="51. pierwiastek: Antymon (Sb), półmetal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#B87333;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Tellur" title="Tellur"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="52. pierwiastek: Tellur (Te), półmetal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#F0E68C;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Jod" title="Jod"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="53. pierwiastek: Jod (I), niemetal - fluorowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ABCDEF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Ksenon" title="Ksenon"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="54. pierwiastek: Ksenon (Xe), gaz szlachetny">   </span></a></div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#CC7722;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Cez" title="Cez"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="55. pierwiastek: Cez (Cs), metal alkaliczny">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E1A95F;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Bar_(pierwiastek)" title="Bar (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="56. pierwiastek: Bar (Ba), metal ziem alkalicznych">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E0B0FF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Lantan" title="Lantan"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="57. pierwiastek: Lantan (La), lantanowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E0B0FF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Cer" title="Cer"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="58. pierwiastek: Cer (Ce), lantanowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E0B0FF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Prazeodym" title="Prazeodym"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="59. pierwiastek: Prazeodym (Pr), lantanowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E0B0FF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Neodym" title="Neodym"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="60. pierwiastek: Neodym (Nd), lantanowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E0B0FF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Promet" title="Promet"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="61. pierwiastek: Promet (Pm), lantanowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E0B0FF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Samar" title="Samar"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="62. pierwiastek: Samar (Sm), lantanowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E0B0FF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Europ" title="Europ"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="63. pierwiastek: Europ (Eu), lantanowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E0B0FF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Gadolin" title="Gadolin"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="64. pierwiastek: Gadolin (Gd), lantanowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E0B0FF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Terb" title="Terb"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="65. pierwiastek: Terb (Tb), lantanowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E0B0FF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Dysproz" title="Dysproz"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="66. pierwiastek: Dysproz (Dy), lantanowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E0B0FF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Holm_(pierwiastek)" title="Holm (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="67. pierwiastek: Holm (Ho), lantanowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E0B0FF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Erb" title="Erb"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="68. pierwiastek: Erb (Er), lantanowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E0B0FF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Tul_(pierwiastek)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tul (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="69. pierwiastek: Tul (pierwiastek) (Tm), lantanowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E0B0FF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Iterb" title="Iterb"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="70. pierwiastek: Iterb (Yb), lantanowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E0B0FF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Lutet" title="Lutet"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="71. pierwiastek: Lutet (Lu), lantanowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Hafn" title="Hafn"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="72. pierwiastek: Hafn (Hf), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Tantal_(pierwiastek)" title="Tantal (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="73. pierwiastek: Tantal (Ta), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="74. pierwiastek: Wolfram (W), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Ren_(pierwiastek)" title="Ren (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="75. pierwiastek: Ren (Re), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Osm" title="Osm"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="76. pierwiastek: Osm (Os), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Iryd" title="Iryd"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="77. pierwiastek: Iryd (Ir), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Platyna" title="Platyna"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="78. pierwiastek: Platyna (Pt), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Z%C5%82oto" title="Złoto"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="79. pierwiastek: Złoto (Au), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Rt%C4%99%C4%87" title="Rtęć"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="80. pierwiastek: Rtęć (Hg), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#BCBCBC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Tal" title="Tal"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="81. pierwiastek: Tal (Tl), metal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#BCBCBC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/O%C5%82%C3%B3w" title="Ołów"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="82. pierwiastek: Ołów (Pb), metal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#BCBCBC; border:1px solid black; margin:-1px"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="83. pierwiastek: Bizmut (Bi), metal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#BCBCBC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Polon" title="Polon"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="84. pierwiastek: Polon (Po), metal">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#F0E68C;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Astat" title="Astat"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="85. pierwiastek: Astat (At), niemetal - fluorowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ABCDEF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="86. pierwiastek: Radon (Rn), gaz szlachetny">   </span></a></div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#CC7722;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Frans" title="Frans"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="87. pierwiastek: Frans (Fr), metal alkaliczny">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#E1A95F;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Rad_(pierwiastek)" title="Rad (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="88. pierwiastek: Rad (Ra), metal ziem alkalicznych">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#CC8898;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Aktyn" title="Aktyn"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="89. pierwiastek: Aktyn (Ac), aktynowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#CC8898;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Tor_(pierwiastek)" title="Tor (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="90. pierwiastek: Tor (Th), aktynowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#CC8898;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Protaktyn" title="Protaktyn"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="91. pierwiastek: Protaktyn (Pa), aktynowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#CC8898;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Uran_(pierwiastek)" title="Uran (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="92. pierwiastek: Uran (U), aktynowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#CC8898;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Neptun_(pierwiastek)" title="Neptun (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="93. pierwiastek: Neptun (Np), aktynowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#CC8898;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Pluton_(pierwiastek)" title="Pluton (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="94. pierwiastek: Pluton (Pu), aktynowiec">  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background-color:#CC8898;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Berkel" title="Berkel"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="97. pierwiastek: Berkel (Bk), aktynowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#CC8898;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Kaliforn" title="Kaliforn"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="98. pierwiastek: Kaliforn (Cf), aktynowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#CC8898;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Einstein_(pierwiastek)" title="Einstein 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title="101. pierwiastek: Mendelew (Md), aktynowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#CC8898;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_(pierwiastek)" title="Nobel (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="102. pierwiastek: Nobel (No), aktynowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#CC8898;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Lorens" title="Lorens"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="103. pierwiastek: Lorens (Lr), aktynowiec">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Rutherford_(pierwiastek)" title="Rutherford (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="104. pierwiastek: Rutherford (Rf), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Dubn" title="Dubn"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="105. pierwiastek: Dubn (Db), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Seaborg" title="Seaborg"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="106. pierwiastek: Seaborg (Sg), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Bohr_(pierwiastek)" title="Bohr (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="107. pierwiastek: Bohr (Bh), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Has" title="Has"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="108. pierwiastek: Has (Hs), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ECECEC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Meitner" title="Meitner"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="109. pierwiastek: Meitner (Mt)">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ECECEC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Darmsztadt" title="Darmsztadt"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="110. pierwiastek: Darmsztadt (Ds)">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ECECEC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Roentgen_(pierwiastek)" title="Roentgen (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="111. pierwiastek: Roentgen (Rg)">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#EDC9AF;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Kopernik_(pierwiastek)" title="Kopernik (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="112. pierwiastek: Kopernik (Cn), metal przejściowy">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ECECEC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Nihon" title="Nihon"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="113. pierwiastek: Nihon (Nh)">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ECECEC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Flerow" title="Flerow"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="114. pierwiastek: Flerow (Fl)">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ECECEC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Moskow_(pierwiastek)" title="Moskow (pierwiastek)"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="115. pierwiastek: Moskow (Mc)">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ECECEC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Liwermor" title="Liwermor"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="116. pierwiastek: Liwermor (Lv)">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ECECEC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Tenes" title="Tenes"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="117. pierwiastek: Tenes (Ts)">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ECECEC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Oganeson" title="Oganeson"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="118. pierwiastek: Oganeson (Og)">   </span></a></div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ECECEC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Ununenn" title="Ununenn"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="119. pierwiastek: Ununenn (Uue)">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ECECEC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Unbinil" title="Unbinil"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="120. pierwiastek: Unbinil (Ubn)">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td colspan="1"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="height:3px;" colspan="2"> </td> <td style="height:3px; width:4px;"> </td> <td colspan="29"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ECECEC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Unbiun" title="Unbiun"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="121. pierwiastek: Unbiun (Ubu)">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ECECEC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Unbibi" title="Unbibi"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="122. pierwiastek: Unbibi (Ubb)">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#Cornsilk;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ECECEC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Unbikwad" title="Unbikwad"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="124. pierwiastek: Unbikwad (Ubq)">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#Cornsilk;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ECECEC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Unbiheks" title="Unbiheks"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="126. pierwiastek: Unbiheks (Ubh)">   </span></a></div> </div> </td> <td><div style="position:relative; overflow:hidden; width:5px; height:7px; z-index:2; color:black; background-color:#ECECEC;"><div style="position:absolute; top:0; left:0; z-index:3"><a href="/wiki/Unbisept" title="Unbisept"><span style="float:left; width:7px; height:9px; font-size:9px; line-height:9px; word-spacing:7px; cursor:pointer;" title="127. pierwiastek: Unbisept (Ubs)">   </span></a></div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div id="komórka" style="font-size:10px; position:absolute; left:65px; top:-5px;"></div> <div id="liczba" style="font-size:10px; position:absolute; top:15px; right:90px;">83</div> <div id="symbol" style="font-size:18px; font-weight:bold; position:absolute; top:5px; left:150px;">Bi</div> <div id="radio" style="font-size:10px; font-weight:bold; position:absolute; top:-55px; left:222px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Radioaktywno%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Radioaktywność"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Radioactive.svg/20px-Radioactive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Radioactive.svg/30px-Radioactive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Radioactive.svg/40px-Radioactive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="446" /></a></span></div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#BCBCBC; color:black; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; border-top:1px solid #aaa;">Wygląd </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:var(--color-base, black); text-align:center; font-size:90%; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; border-top:1px solid #aaa;">różowoszary </td></tr> <tr style="background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:var(--color-base, black); text-align:center; font-size:x-small;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table class="ibox2"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: center; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Bismuth-Bismuthinite-179856.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="bizmut naturalny"><img alt="bizmut naturalny" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bismuth-Bismuthinite-179856.jpg/120px-Bismuth-Bismuthinite-179856.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Bismuth-Bismuthinite-179856.jpg/250px-Bismuth-Bismuthinite-179856.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="516" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align: center; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Bi-crystal.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Syntetyczny kryształ bizmutu o dużej czystości (opalizacja jest spowodowana cienką warstwą tlenku na powierzchni)"><img alt="Syntetyczny kryształ bizmutu o dużej czystości (opalizacja jest spowodowana cienką warstwą tlenku na powierzchni)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bi-crystal.jpg/120px-Bi-crystal.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Bi-crystal.jpg/250px-Bi-crystal.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2492" data-file-height="3276" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; vertical-align:middle;">bizmut naturalny </td> <td style="text-align: center; vertical-align:middle;">Syntetyczny kryształ bizmutu o dużej czystości (<a href="/wiki/Opalizacja" title="Opalizacja">opalizacja</a> jest spowodowana cienką warstwą tlenku na powierzchni) </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:var(--color-base, black); text-align:center; font-size:x-small;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Bismuth_spectrum_visible.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Widmo emisyjne bizmutu"><img alt="Widmo emisyjne bizmutu" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Bismuth_spectrum_visible.png/240px-Bismuth_spectrum_visible.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Bismuth_spectrum_visible.png/360px-Bismuth_spectrum_visible.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Bismuth_spectrum_visible.png/480px-Bismuth_spectrum_visible.png 2x" data-file-width="7430" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Widmo_emisyjne" title="Widmo emisyjne">Widmo emisyjne</a> bizmutu </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#BCBCBC; color:black; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; border-top:1px solid #aaa;">Ogólne informacje </td></tr> <tr> <th>Nazwa, symbol, <a href="/wiki/Liczba_atomowa" title="Liczba atomowa">l.a.</a> </th> <td> <p>bizmut, Bi, 83<br />(<a href="/wiki/%C5%81acina" title="Łacina">łac.</a> <i>bismutum</i>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Grupa, okres, blok </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Azotowce" title="Azotowce">15</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierwiastki_sz%C3%B3stego_okresu" title="Pierwiastki szóstego okresu">6</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blok_p" title="Blok p">p</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Stopie%C5%84_utlenienia" title="Stopień utlenienia">Stopień utlenienia</a> </th> <td> <p><b>III</b>, V </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Właściwości metaliczne </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Metale" title="Metale">metal</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Właściwości <a href="/wiki/Tlenki" title="Tlenki">tlenków</a> </th> <td> <p>średnio <a href="/wiki/Moc_kwasu" title="Moc kwasu">kwaśne</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Masa_atomowa" title="Masa atomowa">Masa atomowa</a> </th> <td> <p>208,98 ± 0,01<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CIAAW_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIAAW-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Stan_skupienia_materii" title="Stan skupienia materii">Stan skupienia</a> </th> <td> <p>stały </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/G%C4%99sto%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Gęstość">Gęstość</a> </th> <td> <p>9790 <a href="/wiki/Kilogram_na_metr_sze%C5%9Bcienny" title="Kilogram na metr sześcienny">kg/m³</a><sup id="cite_ref-CRC_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CRC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Temperatura_topnienia" title="Temperatura topnienia">Temperatura topnienia</a> </th> <td> <p>271,406 °C<sup id="cite_ref-CRC_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CRC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Temperatura_wrzenia" title="Temperatura wrzenia">Temperatura wrzenia</a> </th> <td> <p>1564 °C<sup id="cite_ref-CRC_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CRC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa; spacing:0px; padding:0px; height:0px;"> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Numer_CAS" title="Numer CAS">Numer CAS</a> </th> <td> <p><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/magnustools/cas.php?language=pl&cas=7440-69-9">7440-69-9</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a> </th> <td> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5359367">5359367</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table class="collapsible collapsed ibox-inner"> <tbody><tr style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> <th colspan="2" style="background:#BCBCBC; color:black; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border-top:1px solid #aaa;">Właściwości atomowe </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa; spacing:0px; padding:0px; height:0px;"> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Promień<br />• <a href="/wiki/Promie%C5%84_atomowy" title="Promień atomowy">atomowy</a><br />• <a href="/wiki/Promie%C5%84_walencyjny" title="Promień walencyjny">walencyjny</a> </th> <td> <p><br />160 (obl. 143) <a href="/wiki/Pikometr" title="Pikometr">pm</a><br />146 pm </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Konfiguracja_elektronowa" title="Konfiguracja elektronowa">Konfiguracja elektronowa</a> </th> <td> <p>[<a href="/wiki/Ksenon" title="Ksenon">Xe</a>]4f<sup>14</sup>5d<sup>10</sup>6s<sup>2</sup>6p<sup>3</sup><sup></sup><sup></sup><sup></sup><sup></sup><sup></sup><sup></sup> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Zapełnienie <a href="/wiki/Pow%C5%82oka_elektronowa" title="Powłoka elektronowa">powłok</a> </th> <td> <p>2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5<br />(<a href="/wiki/Plik:Electron_shell_083_Bismuth.svg" title="Plik:Electron shell 083 Bismuth.svg">wizualizacja powłok</a>) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Elektroujemno%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Elektroujemność">Elektroujemność</a><br />• w <a href="/wiki/Elektroujemno%C5%9B%C4%87#Skala_Paulinga" title="Elektroujemność">skali Paulinga</a><br />• w <a href="/wiki/Elektroujemno%C5%9B%C4%87#Skala_Allreda-Rochowa" title="Elektroujemność">skali Allreda</a> </th> <td> <p><br />2,02<br />1,67 </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Energia_jonizacji" title="Energia jonizacji">Potencjały jonizacyjne</a> </th> <td> <p>I 703 kJ/mol<br />II 1610 kJ/mol<br />III 2466 kJ/mol </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table class="collapsible collapsed ibox-inner"> <tbody><tr style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> <th colspan="2" style="background:#BCBCBC; color:black; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border-top:1px solid #aaa;">Właściwości fizyczne </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa; spacing:0px; padding:0px; height:0px;"> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Ciep%C5%82o_parowania" title="Ciepło parowania">Ciepło parowania</a> </th> <td> <p>104,8 <a href="/wiki/Kilod%C5%BCul_na_mol" title="Kilodżul na mol">kJ/mol</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Ciep%C5%82o_topnienia" title="Ciepło topnienia">Ciepło topnienia</a> </th> <td> <p>11,3 kJ/mol </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Ci%C5%9Bnienie_pary_nasyconej" title="Ciśnienie pary nasyconej">Ciśnienie pary nasyconej</a> </th> <td> <p>6,27×10<sup>–4</sup> <a href="/wiki/Paskal" title="Paskal">Pa</a> (600 K) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Konduktywno%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Konduktywność">Konduktywność</a> </th> <td> <p>0,867×10<sup>6</sup> <a href="/wiki/Simens" title="Simens">S</a>/m </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Ciep%C5%82o_w%C5%82a%C5%9Bciwe" title="Ciepło właściwe">Ciepło właściwe</a> </th> <td> <p>122 <a href="/wiki/D%C5%BCul_na_kilogram-kelwin" title="Dżul na kilogram-kelwin">J/(kg·K)</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Przewodno%C5%9B%C4%87_cieplna" title="Przewodność cieplna">Przewodność cieplna</a> </th> <td> <p>7,87 <a href="/wiki/Wat_na_metr-kelwin" title="Wat na metr-kelwin">W/(m·K)</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_krystalograficzny" title="Układ krystalograficzny">Układ krystalograficzny</a> </th> <td> <p><a href="/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_trygonalny" title="Układ trygonalny">trygonalny</a><sup id="cite_ref-Cucka1962_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cucka1962-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Twardo%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Twardość">Twardość</a><br />• w <a href="/wiki/Skala_twardo%C5%9Bci_Mohsa" title="Skala twardości Mohsa">skali Mohsa</a> </th> <td> <p><br />2,25 </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Pr%C4%99dko%C5%9B%C4%87_d%C5%BAwi%C4%99ku" title="Prędkość dźwięku">Prędkość dźwięku</a> </th> <td> <p>1790 m/s (293,15 K) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Obj%C4%99to%C5%9B%C4%87_molowa" title="Objętość molowa">Objętość molowa</a> </th> <td> <p>21,31×10<sup>–6</sup> m³/<a href="/wiki/Mol" title="Mol">mol</a> </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table class="collapsible collapsed"> <tbody><tr style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> <th colspan="2" style="background:#BCBCBC; color:black; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border-top:1px solid #aaa;">Najbardziej stabilne izotopy </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa; spacing:0px; padding:0px; height:0px;"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:var(--color-base, black); text-align:center; font-size:85%; padding:0;"><table class="wikitable" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Izotopy" title="Izotopy">izotop</a></th> <th><abbr class="abbr" title="występowanie">wyst.</abbr></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Czas_po%C5%82owicznego_rozpadu" title="Czas połowicznego rozpadu">o.p.r.</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Spos%C3%B3b_rozpadu" title="Sposób rozpadu">s.r.</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Energia_rozpadu" title="Energia rozpadu">e.r.</a> <a href="/wiki/Elektronowolt" title="Elektronowolt">MeV</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Produkt_rozpadu" title="Produkt rozpadu">p.r.</a></th> </tr><tr> <td><sup>207</sup>Bi </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Syntetyczny_izotop_promieniotw%C3%B3rczy" title="Syntetyczny izotop promieniotwórczy">{syn.}</a> </td> <td>31,55 <a href="/wiki/Rok" title="Rok">lat</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wychwyt_elektronu" title="Wychwyt elektronu">w.e.</a> </td> <td>2,399 </td> <td><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup>207</sup><a href="/wiki/O%C5%82%C3%B3w" title="Ołów">Pb</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><sup>208</sup>Bi </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Syntetyczny_izotop_promieniotw%C3%B3rczy" title="Syntetyczny izotop promieniotwórczy">{syn.}</a> </td> <td>3,368×10<sup>6</sup> <a href="/wiki/Rok" title="Rok">lat</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wychwyt_elektronu" title="Wychwyt elektronu">w.e.</a> </td> <td>2,880 </td> <td><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup>208</sup><a href="/wiki/O%C5%82%C3%B3w" title="Ołów">Pb</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><sup>209</sup>Bi </td> <td>100% </td> <td>(1,9 ±0,2)×10<sup>19</sup> lat </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rozpad_alfa" title="Rozpad alfa">α</a> </td> <td>3,14 </td> <td><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup>205</sup><a href="/wiki/Tal" title="Tal">Tl</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><sup>210m</sup>Bi </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Syntetyczny_izotop_promieniotw%C3%B3rczy" title="Syntetyczny izotop promieniotwórczy">{syn.}</a> </td> <td>3×10<sup>6</sup> <a href="/wiki/Rok" title="Rok">lat</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rozpad_alfa" title="Rozpad alfa">α</a> </td> <td>0,271 </td> <td><span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup>206</sup><a href="/wiki/Tal" title="Tal">Tl</a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table class="collapsible collapsed ibox-inner"> <tbody><tr style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;"> <th colspan="2" style="background:#BCBCBC; color:black; text-align:center; font-weight:bold; border-top:1px solid #aaa;">Niebezpieczeństwa </th></tr> <tr style="border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); color:inherit; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff)"> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Karta_charakterystyki" title="Karta charakterystyki">Karta charakterystyki</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/PL/pl/sds/aldrich/264008">dane zewnętrzne</a> firmy Sigma-Aldrich [dostęp 2011-10-02] </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="color:black; background-color:#BCBCBC; border-bottom:1px var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) solid; border-top:1px var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) solid"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="color:inherit; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); border-top:1px var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) solid; font-weight:bold; text-align:center; border-bottom:1px var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) solid"><a href="/wiki/Globalnie_zharmonizowany_system_klasyfikacji_i_oznakowania_chemikali%C3%B3w" title="Globalnie zharmonizowany system klasyfikacji i oznakowania chemikaliów">Globalnie zharmonizowany system<br />klasyfikacji i oznakowania chemikaliów</a> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; color:inherit; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff);"> <td colspan="2">Na podstawie podanej karty charakterystyki </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; color:inherit; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff);"> <td colspan="2"><div class="nopadding" style="margin:0 auto; width:100%;"> <table style="text-align:center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; color:black; background:transparent;" class="nogrid" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Piktogramy_wskazuj%C4%85ce_rodzaj_zagro%C5%BCenia" title="Płomień"><img alt="Płomień" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg/45px-GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg/68px-GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg/90px-GHS-pictogram-flamme.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table><b>Uwaga</b></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="border-top:1px dashed var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); spacing:0px; padding:0px; height:0px;"> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Zwroty_wskazuj%C4%85ce_rodzaj_zagro%C5%BCenia" title="Zwroty wskazujące rodzaj zagrożenia">Zwroty H</a> </th> <td> <p><abbr style="color:blue; border-bottom:1px dotted blue; text-decoration:none" title="H228: Substancja stała łatwopalna.">H228</abbr> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Zwroty_wskazuj%C4%85ce_%C5%9Brodki_ostro%C5%BCno%C5%9Bci" title="Zwroty wskazujące środki ostrożności">Zwroty P</a> </th> <td> <p><abbr style="color:blue; border-bottom:1px dotted blue; text-decoration:none" title="P210: Przechowywać z dala od źródeł ciepła, gorących powierzchni, źródeł iskrzenia, otwartego ognia i innych źródeł zapłonu. Nie palić.">P210</abbr> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="color:black; background-color:#BCBCBC; border-bottom:1px var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) solid; border-top:1px var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) solid"> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="color:inherit; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); border-top:1px var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) solid; font-weight:bold; text-align:center; border-bottom:1px var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) solid;"><a href="/wiki/NFPA_704" title="NFPA 704">NFPA 704</a> </td></tr> <tr style="color:inherit; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); text-align:center; font-size:90%"> <td colspan="2"> <table style="width:100%; color:inherit; background:transparent;" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle">Na podstawie<br />podanego źródła<sup id="cite_ref-Aldrich-US_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aldrich-US-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><div style="position: relative; height: 75px; width: 75px; color: black;"> <div style="position: absolute; height: 75px; width: 75px; left:0;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:NFPA_704.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/75px-NFPA_704.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/113px-NFPA_704.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/NFPA_704.svg/150px-NFPA_704.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div title="Palność" style="left:0; width: 75px; height: 2em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 6px; font-size: large;"><abbr style="text-decoration:none" title="Palność „3”: Ciecze i ciała stałe dające się zapalić w normalnych warunkach.">3</abbr></div> <div title="Zdrowie" style="left:0; width: 37.5px; height: 2em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 24px; font-size: large;"><abbr style="text-decoration:none" title="Zdrowie „0”: Brak zagrożenia dla zdrowia w przypadku normalnego kontaktu.">0</abbr></div> <div title="Reaktywność" style="left:0; width: 37.5px; height: 2em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 24px; left: 37.5px; font-size: large;"><abbr style="text-decoration:none" title="Niestabilność „3”: Substancja zdolna do detonacji lub wybuchowego rozkładu pod wpływem silnego bodźca; musi być ogrzana, aby zainicjować reakcję; wybuchowo reaguje z wodą lub wybucha od wstrząsu.">3</abbr></div> <div title="Inne" style="left:0; width: 75px; height: 2em; text-align: center; vertical-align: middle; position: absolute; top: 47px; font-size: small;"><abbr style="text-decoration:none" title="Brak innych/szczególnych zagrożeń."> </abbr></div> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:var(--background-color-base, white); color:var(--color-base, black); text-align:center; border-top:1px #aaa solid;">Jeżeli nie podano inaczej, dane dotyczą<br /><a href="/wiki/Warunki_normalne" title="Warunki normalne">warunków normalnych (0 °C, 1013,25 hPa)</a> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint plainlinks" style="border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; margin:0px; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle; width:30px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bismuth" title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bismuth" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bismuth">Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint plainlinks" style="border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; margin:0px; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle; width:30px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/bizmut" title="Wikisłownik"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg/28px-WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg/42px-WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg/56px-WiktionaryPl_nodesc.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="122" data-file-height="117" /></a></span> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="https://pl.wiktionary.org/wiki/bizmut" class="extiw" title="wikt:bizmut">Hasło w Wikisłowniku</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Bismuth_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Bismuth_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/220px-Bismuth_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Bismuth_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/330px-Bismuth_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Bismuth_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/440px-Bismuth_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4832" data-file-height="3260" /></a><figcaption>Syntetyczne kryształy czystego bizmutu. Obok sześcian (1 cm³) bizmutu o czystości 99,99%</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Wismut_Kristall_und_1cm3_Wuerfel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Wismut_Kristall_und_1cm3_Wuerfel.jpg/220px-Wismut_Kristall_und_1cm3_Wuerfel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Wismut_Kristall_und_1cm3_Wuerfel.jpg/330px-Wismut_Kristall_und_1cm3_Wuerfel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Wismut_Kristall_und_1cm3_Wuerfel.jpg/440px-Wismut_Kristall_und_1cm3_Wuerfel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5176" data-file-height="3519" /></a><figcaption>Kryształ lejkowaty bizmutu</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Bizmut</b> (<b>Bi</b>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%81acina" title="Łacina">łac.</a> <em lang="la">bisemutum</em>, <span lang="la"><i>bismuthum</i> lub <i>bismutum</i></span>) – <a href="/wiki/Pierwiastek_chemiczny" title="Pierwiastek chemiczny">pierwiastek chemiczny</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metale" title="Metale">metal</a> <a href="/wiki/Blok_p" title="Blok p">bloku p</a> <a href="/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_okresowy_pierwiastk%C3%B3w" title="Układ okresowy pierwiastków">układu okresowego</a>. </p><p>Nazwa pochodzi od zlatynizowanego<sup id="cite_ref-ede_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ede-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_niemiecki" title="Język niemiecki">niemieckiego</a> słowa <i>Wismut</i><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, pochodzącego od określenia <i>weisse Masse</i>, ‘biała masa’<sup id="cite_ref-ede_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ede-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Właściwości"><span id="W.C5.82a.C5.9Bciwo.C5.9Bci"></span>Właściwości</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Właściwości" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&action=edit&section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Właściwości"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Czysty bizmut jest kruchym metalem o srebrnym połysku z różowymi refleksami. Jako jedna z nielicznych substancji wykazuje inwersję <a href="/wiki/Rozszerzalno%C5%9B%C4%87_cieplna" title="Rozszerzalność cieplna">rozszerzalności termicznej</a> – przy obniżaniu temperatury zmniejsza się jego <a href="/wiki/G%C4%99sto%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Gęstość">gęstość</a>, gęstość bizmutu w stanie stałym jest mniejsza niż w stanie ciekłym (podobne właściwości wykazuje <a href="/wiki/Woda" title="Woda">woda</a> poniżej 4 °C)<sup id="cite_ref-rsc_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Nie reaguje z tlenem i wodą w <a href="/wiki/Warunki_normalne" title="Warunki normalne">warunkach normalnych</a>. Roztwarza się w stężonym <a href="/wiki/Kwas_azotowy" title="Kwas azotowy">kwasie azotowym</a>. </p><p>Bizmut ogrzany do temperatury topnienia, a następnie wolno oziębiany spontanicznie tworzy kryształy lejkowate. Gdy oziębianie jest powolne, rozmiary kryształów mogą być bardzo duże<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Występowanie"><span id="Wyst.C4.99powanie"></span>Występowanie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Występowanie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&action=edit&section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Występowanie"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Występuje w skorupie ziemskiej w ilości 0,048 <a href="/wiki/Sposoby_zapisu_bezwymiarowego_stosunku_dw%C3%B3ch_wielko%C5%9Bci" title="Sposoby zapisu bezwymiarowego stosunku dwóch wielkości">ppm</a> (2 razy więcej niż <a href="/wiki/Z%C5%82oto" title="Złoto">złoto</a>) w postaci trzech rud: <a href="/wiki/Bizmutynit" title="Bizmutynit">bizmutynu</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap">Bi<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />2</span>S<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span></span>, <a href="/wiki/Bizmutyt" title="Bizmutyt">bizmutytu</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap">(BiO)<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />2</span>CO<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span></span> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ochra_bizmutowa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ochra bizmutowa (strona nie istnieje)">ochry bizmutowej</a>, które stanowią zwykle zanieczyszczenie rud <a href="/wiki/O%C5%82%C3%B3w" title="Ołów">ołowiu</a> i <a href="/wiki/Mied%C5%BA" title="Miedź">miedzi</a>. Rzadko występuje w postaci <a href="/wiki/Bizmut_rodzimy" title="Bizmut rodzimy">rodzimej</a> (elementarnej). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Związki"><span id="Zwi.C4.85zki"></span>Związki</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj sekcję: Związki" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&action=edit&section=3" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Związki"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>W związkach bizmut jest zazwyczaj trójwartościowy (<a href="/wiki/Stopie%C5%84_utlenienia" title="Stopień utlenienia">stopień utlenienia</a> III) i wykazuje właściwości zasadowe. Tworzy <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tlenek_bizmutu(III)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tlenek bizmutu(III) (strona nie istnieje)">tlenek bizmutu(III)</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap">Bi<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />2</span>O<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wodorotlenek_bizmutu(III)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wodorotlenek bizmutu(III) (strona nie istnieje)">wodorotlenek bizmutu(III)</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap">Bi(OH)<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span></span> oraz szereg soli zasadowych zawierających ugrupowanie <a href="/wiki/Bizmutyl" title="Bizmutyl">bizmutylowe</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap">O<abbr class="abbr" title="Wiązanie podwójne" style="text-decoration:none !important">=</abbr>Bi<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.7em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;">+<br /></span></span> (np. <a href="/wiki/Chlorek_tlenek_bizmutu(III)" title="Chlorek tlenek bizmutu(III)">chlorek bizmutylu</a>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">O<abbr class="abbr" title="Wiązanie podwójne" style="text-decoration:none !important">=</abbr>Bi<abbr class="abbr" title="Wiązanie pojedyncze" style="text-decoration:none !important">−</abbr>Cl</span>). Jako jedyny pierwiastek 15 grupy tworzy trwałe sole z <a href="/wiki/Kwasy_tlenowe" title="Kwasy tlenowe">kwasami tlenowymi</a>, np. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siarczan_bizmutu(III)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siarczan bizmutu(III) (strona nie istnieje)">siarczan bizmutu(III)</a>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Bi<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />2</span>(SO<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />4</span>)<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span></span>. Ponadto znane są sole bizmutu i <a href="/wiki/Kwasy_beztlenowe" title="Kwasy beztlenowe">kwasów beztlenowych</a> (<a href="/wiki/Halogenki" title="Halogenki">halogenki</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap">BiX<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span></span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siarczek_bizmutu(III)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siarczek bizmutu(III) (strona nie istnieje)">siarczek bizmutu(III)</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap">Bi<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />2</span>S<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span></span>). Wszystkie sole bizmutu łatwo ulegają <a href="/wiki/Hydroliza" title="Hydroliza">hydrolizie</a> do soli bizmutylowych. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bizmutowod%C3%B3r" title="Bizmutowodór">Bizmutowodór</a> (bizmutyna), <span style="white-space:nowrap">BiH<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span></span>, jest nietrwałym, trującym gazem (temp. wrz. ok. 20 °C) o właściwościach <a href="/wiki/Reduktor_(chemia)" title="Reduktor (chemia)">redukujących</a>. Bizmut(III) tworzy też bezpośrednie połączenia z metalami, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmutki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bizmutki (strona nie istnieje)">bizmutki</a> typu <span style="white-space:nowrap">M<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span>Bi</span>, np. bizmutek sodu <span style="white-space:nowrap">Na<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span>Bi</span> i bizmutek magnezu <span style="white-space:nowrap">Mg<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span>Bi<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />2</span></span>. </p><p>Znanych jest wiele <a href="/wiki/Zwi%C4%85zki_kompleksowe" title="Związki kompleksowe">związków kompleksowych</a> bizmutu, np. zawierających <a href="/wiki/Anion" title="Anion">anion</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap">[BiCl<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />4</span>]<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.7em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;">−<br /></span></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">[BiCl<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />5</span>]<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.7em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;">2−<br /></span></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">[BiCl<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />5</span>]<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.7em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;">3−<br /></span></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">[Bi<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />2</span>Cl<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />7</span>]<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.7em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;">−<br /></span></span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">[Bi(SO<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />4</span>)<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />2</span>]<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.7em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;">−<br /></span></span> i in. Z <a href="/wiki/Ligandy_chelatuj%C4%85ce" title="Ligandy chelatujące">ligandami kleszczowymi</a> tworzy <a href="/wiki/Chelaty" title="Chelaty">chelaty</a>, np. <span style="white-space:nowrap">[Bi(<a href="/wiki/Pirokatechina" title="Pirokatechina">O<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />2</span>C<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />6</span>H<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />4</span></a>)<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />2</span>]<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.7em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;">−<br /></span></span>. Halogenki bizmutu są <a href="/wiki/Kwasy" title="Kwasy">kwasami Lewisa</a> i z <a href="/wiki/Donor" title="Donor">donorami</a> elektronów tworzą kompleksy typu <a href="/wiki/Eter_dietylowy" title="Eter dietylowy">Et<sub>2</sub>O</a>→BiCl<sub>3</sub>. </p><p>Na stopniu utlenienia V bizmut wykazuje właściwości kwasowe i tworzy nietrwałe sole – <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmutany&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bizmutany (strona nie istnieje)">bizmutany</a> typu <span style="white-space:nowrap">MBiO<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span></span> o silnych właściwościach <a href="/wiki/Utleniacz" title="Utleniacz">utleniających</a> (np. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmutan_potasowy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bizmutan potasowy (strona nie istnieje)">bizmutan potasowy</a>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">KBiO<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span></span>). </p> <dl><dt>Związki bizmutoorganiczne</dt></dl> <p>Podobnie jak pozostałe pierwiastki grupy 15, bizmut(III) tworzy połączenia z resztami <a href="/wiki/Zwi%C4%85zki_organiczne" title="Związki organiczne">organicznymi</a> typu <span style="white-space:nowrap">R<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span>Bi</span> oraz <span style="white-space:nowrap">R<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span>BiZ<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />2</span></span> (R – reszta organiczna, Z – anion nieorganiczny), np. <span style="white-space:nowrap">(<a href="/wiki/Grupa_alkilowa" title="Grupa alkilowa">CH<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span></a>)<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span>Bi</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Grupa_fenylowa" title="Grupa fenylowa">Ph</a><span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span>Bi</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Ph<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span>BiF<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />2</span></span> lub <span style="white-space:nowrap">Ph<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span>Bi(OH)<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />2</span></span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izotopy">Izotopy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Edytuj sekcję: Izotopy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&action=edit&section=4" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Izotopy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bizmut ma 35 <a href="/wiki/Izotopy" title="Izotopy">izotopów</a> z przedziału mas 184–218. Żaden z nich nie jest trwały. W 2003 roku we <a href="/wiki/Francja" title="Francja">francuskim</a> Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale w <a href="/wiki/Orsay" title="Orsay">Orsay</a> wyznaczono półokres rozpadu najtrwalszego izotopu bizmutu <span style="white-space:nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.7em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;">209<br /></span>Bi</span> na ok. 1,9×10<sup>19</sup> lat (tj. ponad miliard razy więcej niż szacowany wiek <a href="/wiki/Wszech%C5%9Bwiat" title="Wszechświat">Wszechświata</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, wcześniej szacowanego na 10<sup>18</sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> lat. Ta śladowa <a href="/wiki/Radioaktywno%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Radioaktywność">radioaktywność</a> nie stanowi zagrożenia biologicznego, ma jednak znaczenie naukowe, gdyż potwierdziła wcześniejsze obliczenia teoretyczne wskazujące na niestabilność wszystkich izotopów bizmutu. W naturalnym bizmucie występują też śladowe ilości <a href="/wiki/Izotopy_promieniotw%C3%B3rcze" title="Izotopy promieniotwórcze">radioizotopów</a>, np. <span style="white-space:nowrap"><span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.7em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;">210<br /></span>Bi</span> (ok. 50 <a href="/wiki/Sposoby_zapisu_bezwymiarowego_stosunku_dw%C3%B3ch_wielko%C5%9Bci" title="Sposoby zapisu bezwymiarowego stosunku dwóch wielkości">ppm</a> składu izotopowego). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bizmut-210">Bizmut-210</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Edytuj sekcję: Bizmut-210" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&action=edit&section=5" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Bizmut-210"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Emituje <a href="/wiki/Promieniowanie_beta" title="Promieniowanie beta">promieniowanie beta</a> o energii 1,162 <a href="/wiki/Elektronowolt" title="Elektronowolt">MeV</a>, przekształcając się w <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Polon" title="Polon"><span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.7em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;">210<br /></span>Po</a></span>. Często występuje w <a href="/w/index.php?title=R%C3%B3wnowaga_promieniotw%C3%B3rcza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Równowaga promieniotwórcza (strona nie istnieje)">równowadze promieniotwórczej</a> ze swoim prekursorem, <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/O%C5%82%C3%B3w" title="Ołów"><span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.7em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;">210<br /></span>Pb</a></span>. Jest wysoce <a href="/wiki/Radiotoksyczno%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Radiotoksyczność">radiotoksyczny</a>. <a href="/wiki/Narz%C4%85d_krytyczny" title="Narząd krytyczny">Narząd krytyczny</a> stanowią <a href="/wiki/Nerka" title="Nerka">nerki</a>, a dopuszczalne skażenie zostało ustalone na 1,5 <a href="/wiki/Bekerel" title="Bekerel">kBq</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zastosowanie">Zastosowanie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Edytuj sekcję: Zastosowanie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&action=edit&section=6" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Zastosowanie"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bizmut jest znany od XV wieku. Głównymi producentami są <a href="/wiki/Chi%C5%84ska_Republika_Ludowa" title="Chińska Republika Ludowa">Chiny</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wietnam" title="Wietnam">Wietnam</a> i <a href="/wiki/Meksyk" title="Meksyk">Meksyk</a>. </p> <ul><li>Dodatek do stopów niskotopliwych (np. <a href="/wiki/Stop_Wooda" title="Stop Wooda">stop Wooda</a>), w Niemczech także do produkcji stopów, z których odlewano czcionki drukarskie.</li> <li>Niektóre jego kompleksy <a href="/wiki/Karbonylki" title="Karbonylki">karbonylkowe</a> znalazły zastosowanie jako katalizatory <a href="/wiki/Metateza" title="Metateza">metatezy</a> <a href="/wiki/W%C4%99glowodory" title="Węglowodory">węglowodorów</a>.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ochra_bizmutowa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ochra bizmutowa (strona nie istnieje)">Ochra bizmutowa</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap">Bi<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />2</span>O<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.3em; line-height:1.0em; font-size:80%; text-align:left;"><br />3</span></span> o barwie różowo-brązowej jest czasami stosowana jako barwnik w przemyśle kosmetycznym.</li> <li>Wykorzystuje się go do produkcji <a href="/wiki/Tworzywa_sztuczne" title="Tworzywa sztuczne">tworzyw sztucznych</a>, <a href="/wiki/Farba" title="Farba">farb</a>. Tlenek bizmutu jest stosowany jako żółty pigment<sup id="cite_ref-rsc_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Stosuje się (np. w postaci <a href="/wiki/Zawiesina" title="Zawiesina">zawiesiny</a>) jako środek kontrastowy przy wykonywaniu zdjęć <a href="/wiki/Zdj%C4%99cie_rentgenowskie" title="Zdjęcie rentgenowskie">rentgenowskich</a> (np. <a href="/wiki/Chlorek_tlenek_bizmutu(III)" title="Chlorek tlenek bizmutu(III)">chlorek bizmutylu</a>).</li> <li>Związki bizmutu wykazują właściwości antybakteryjne i są lub były stosowane jako leki (np. chlorek bizmutylu, <a href="/wiki/Zasadowy_azotan_bizmutu(III)" title="Zasadowy azotan bizmutu(III)">zasadowy azotan bizmutawy</a>, <a href="/wiki/W%C4%99glan_bizmutylu" title="Węglan bizmutylu">zasadowy węglan bizmutawy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zasadowy_salicylan_bizmutawy" title="Zasadowy salicylan bizmutawy">zasadowy salicylan bizmutawy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uk%C5%82ad_koloidalny" title="Układ koloidalny">koloidalny</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cytrynian_bizmutawy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cytrynian bizmutawy (strona nie istnieje)">cytrynian bizmutawy</a>), <a href="/wiki/Jodek_bizmutawo-chininowy" title="Jodek bizmutawo-chininowy">jodek bizmutawo-chininowy</a> lub <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9Arodki_antyseptyczne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Środki antyseptyczne (strona nie istnieje)">środki antyseptyczne</a> (np. <a href="/wiki/Dermatol" title="Dermatol">dermatol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kseroform" title="Kseroform">kseroform</a>).</li> <li>Katalizator w procesie <a href="/wiki/Polimeryzacja" title="Polimeryzacja">polimeryzacji</a>.</li> <li>Włókno w bezpiecznikach elektrycznych.</li> <li>Zastępuje ołów w procesach przemysłowych<sup id="cite_ref-toxicity1_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toxicity1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Znaczenie">Znaczenie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Edytuj sekcję: Znaczenie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&action=edit&section=7" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Znaczenie"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Biologiczne_znaczenie_pierwiastk%C3%B3w" title="Biologiczne znaczenie pierwiastków">Znaczenie biologiczne</a> – brak lub nieznane<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rsc_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rsc-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Występuje w kościach i krwi (ok. 0,2 ppm). Jego sole i tlenki są nietoksyczne, mimo że jest <a href="/wiki/Metale_ci%C4%99%C5%BCkie" title="Metale ciężkie">metalem ciężkim</a>. Sole bizmutu stosowane są w leczeniu wrzodów żołądka spowodowanych zakażeniem <i><a href="/wiki/Helicobacter_pylori" title="Helicobacter pylori">Helicobacter pylori</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-Szczygieł_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Szczygieł-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Niewiele wiadomo o <a href="/wiki/Toksyczno%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Toksyczność">toksyczności</a> bizmutu<sup id="cite_ref-toxicity1_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toxicity1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-toxicity2_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toxicity2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Nie wykazano upośledzenia i odstępstw od normy w rozwoju szczurów, którym przez 28 dni podawano bizmut w dawkach 0, 40, 200, 1000 mg na kg masy ciała, dla obu płci; ustalono, iż <a href="/wiki/Dawka_%C5%9Bmiertelna" title="Dawka śmiertelna">LD<sub>50</sub></a> > 2000 mg/kg masy ciała<sup id="cite_ref-toxicity2_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-toxicity2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uwagi">Uwagi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Edytuj sekcję: Uwagi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&action=edit&section=8" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Uwagi"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection refsection-uwagi ll-script ll-script-uwagi"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"> Podana wartość stanowi przybliżoną standardową względną masę atomową (ang. <i><span lang="en">abridged standard atomic weight</span></i>) publikowaną wraz ze standardową względną masą atomową, która wynosi 208,98040 ± 0,00001. Zob. <span class="harvard-citation"><a href="#CITEREFProhaskaIrrgeherBenefieldBöhlke2021">Prohaska i in. 2021 ↓</a></span>, s. 584.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&action=edit&section=9" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CRC-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CRC_1-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CRC_1-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-CRC_1-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation nourl"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">David R.</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="David R." style="display:none">D.R.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Lide</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">David R.</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="David R.">D.R.</span></span> (red.), <a href="/wiki/CRC_Handbook_of_Chemistry_and_Physics" title="CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics"><i>CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics</i></a>, wyd. 90, Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2009, s. <b>4</b>–51, <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9781420090840" title="Specjalna:Książki/9781420090840">ISBN <span class="isbn isbn-ulepszony">978-1-4200-9084-0</span></a><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.isbn=9781420090840&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=CRC+Handbook+of+Chemistry+and+Physics&rft.place=Boca+Raton&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.edition=90" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aldrich-US-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Aldrich-US_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/US/en/sds/aldrich/264008">Bismuth (nr 264008)</a> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span> – karta charakterystyki produktu Sigma-Aldrich (<a href="/wiki/Merck_(niemieckie_przedsi%C4%99biorstwo)" title="Merck (niemieckie przedsiębiorstwo)">Merck</a>) na obszar Stanów Zjednoczonych. [dostęp 2011-10-02]. <small>(<a href="/wiki/Wikiprojekt:Chemia/Problemy_z_kartami_charakterystyki_Sigma-Aldrich" title="Wikiprojekt:Chemia/Problemy z kartami charakterystyki Sigma-Aldrich">przeczytaj, jeśli nie wyświetla się prawidłowa wersja karty charakterystyki</a>)</small></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cucka1962-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Cucka1962_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Cucka, P., Barrett, C. S. <em>The crystal structure of Bi and of solid solutions of Pb, Sn, Sb and Te in Bi</em>. „Acta Cryst.”. 15 (9), s. 865–872, 1962. <a href="/wiki/DOI_(identyfikator_cyfrowy)" title="DOI (identyfikator cyfrowy)">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1107/S0365110X62002297">10.1107/S0365110X62002297</a>. <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+crystal+structure+of+Bi+and+of+solid+solutions+of+Pb%2C+Sn%2C+Sb+and+Te+in+Bi&rft.jtitle=Acta+Cryst.&rft.date=1962&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=%7B%7B%7Bnumer%7D%7D%7D&rft.au=Cucka%2C+P.&rft.pages=865%E2%80%93872&rft_id=info:doi/10.1107%2FS0365110X62002297"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIAAW-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-CIAAW_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation open-access doi nourl c" id="CITEREFProhaskaIrrgeherBenefieldBöhlke2021"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Thomas</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Thomas" style="display:none">T.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Prohaska</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Thomas</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Thomas">T.</span></span><span class="cite-at-al" title="Thomas Prohaska, Johanna Irrgeher, Jacqueline Benefield, John K. Böhlke, Lesley A. Chesson, Tyler B. Coplen, Tiping Ding, Philip J.H. Dunn, Manfred Gröning, Norman E. Holden, Harro A.J. Meijer, Heiko Moossen, Antonio Possolo, Yoshio Takahashi, Jochen Vogl, Thomas Walczyk, Jun Wang, Michael E. Wieser, Shigekazu Yoneda, Xiang-Kun Zhu, Juris Meija"> i inni</span>, <i>Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)</i>, „<a href="/wiki/Pure_and_Applied_Chemistry" title="Pure and Applied Chemistry">Pure and Applied Chemistry</a>”, 94 (5), 2021, s. 573–600, <a href="/wiki/DOI_(identyfikator_cyfrowy)" title="DOI (identyfikator cyfrowy)">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1515%2Fpac-2019-0603">10.1515/pac-2019-0603</a><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Standard+atomic+weights+of+the+elements+2021+%28IUPAC+Technical+Report%29&rft.date=2021&rft.aulast=Prohaska&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1515%2Fpac-2019-0603" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ede-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ede_6-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ede_6-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Andrew</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Andrew" style="display:none">A.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Ede</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Andrew</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Andrew">A.</span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.pl/books?id=9FcyamrwwnMC&pg=PA123&lpg=PA123&dq=Carl+Scheele+1774&source=bl&ots=xNGhoCt3X-&sig=ACfU3U3Tx3OYe4WU5eLPafZjdqIUh7soYw&hl=pl&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwj87tCopITiAhUMtYsKHU7SAOoQ6AEwDnoECBMQAQ#v=onepage&q=Carl%20Scheele%201774&f=false"><i>The Chemical Element: A Historical Perspective</i></a>, Greenwood Publishing Group, 2006, <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/9780313333040" title="Specjalna:Książki/9780313333040">ISBN <span class="isbn isbn-ulepszony">978-0-313-33304-0</span></a><span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2019-05-05]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=The+Chemical+Element%3A+A+Historical+Perspective&rft.isbn=9780313333040&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Ede&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.pl%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9FcyamrwwnMC%26pg%3DPA123%26lpg%3DPA123%26dq%3DCarl%2BScheele%2B1774%26source%3Dbl%26ots%3DxNGhoCt3X-%26sig%3DACfU3U3Tx3OYe4WU5eLPafZjdqIUh7soYw%26hl%3Dpl%26sa%3DX%26ved%3D2ahUKEwj87tCopITiAhUMtYsKHU7SAOoQ6AEwDnoECBMQAQ%23v%3Donepage%26q%3DCarl%2520Scheele%25201774%26f%3Dfalse" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite><span class="problemy" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet=""> Brak numerów stron w książce</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/bismuth">Bismuth – Definition</a>. Merriam-Webster Dictionary. [dostęp 2010-08-22].</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rsc-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-rsc_8-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-rsc_8-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-rsc_8-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table/element/83/bismuth"><i>Bismuth – Element information, properties and uses | Periodic Table</i></a> [online], rsc.org<span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2018-06-13]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Bismuth+%E2%80%93+Element+information%2C+properties+and+uses+%7C+Periodic+Table&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rsc.org%2Fperiodic-table%2Felement%2F83%2Fbismuth" style="display:none"> </span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">William Tiller: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sciencecrystalli00wati">The Science of Crystallization: Microscopic Interfacial Phenomena</a></i>. Cambridge University Press, 1991, s. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sciencecrystalli00wati/page/n34">2</a>. <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/0521388279" title="Specjalna:Książki/0521388279">ISBN <span class="isbn isbn-ulepszony">0-521-38827-9</span></a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Science+of+Crystallization%3A+Microscopic+Interfacial+Phenomena&rft.aulast=Tiller&rft.aufirst=William&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.pages=%5Bhttps%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsciencecrystalli00wati%2Fpage%2Fn34+2%5D&rft.isbn=0521388279&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsciencecrystalli00wati"></span></cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">de Marcillac P., Coron N., Dambier G., Leblanc J., Moalic JP. <em>Experimental detection of alpha-particles from the radioactive decay of natural bismuth</em>. „Nature”. 6934 (422), s. 876–878, kwiecień 2003. <a href="/wiki/DOI_(identyfikator_cyfrowy)" title="DOI (identyfikator cyfrowy)">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01541">10.1038/nature01541</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12712201">12712201</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Experimental+detection+of+alpha-particles+from+the+radioactive+decay+of+natural+bismuth&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.date=2003&rft.volume=6934&rft.issue=%7B%7B%7Bnumer%7D%7D%7D&rft.au=de+Marcillac+P.%2C+Coron+N.%2C+Dambier+G.%2C+Leblanc+J.%2C+Moalic+JP&rft.pages=876%E2%80%93878&rft_id=info:pmid/12712201&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fnature01541"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Ryszard Szepke: <i>1000 słów o atomie i technice jądrowej</i>. MON, 1982, s. 30. <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/8311067236" title="Specjalna:Książki/8311067236">ISBN <span class="isbn isbn-ulepszony">83-11-06723-6</span></a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=1000+s%C5%82%C3%B3w+o+atomie+i+technice+j%C4%85drowej&rft.au=Ryszard+Szepke&rft.pub=MON&rft.pages=30&rft.isbn=8311067236"></span> <span class="lang-list tylko-pl">(<abbr title="Treść w języku polskim">pol.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-toxicity1-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-toxicity1_12-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-toxicity1_12-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal pmid nourl"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Yuri</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Yuri" style="display:none">Y.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Sano</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Yuri</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Yuri">Y.</span></span><span class="cite-at-al" title="Yuri Sano, Hiroshi Satoh, Momoko Chiba, Atsuko Shinohara, Masahide Okamoto"> i inni</span>, <i>A 13-week toxicity study of bismuth in rats by intratracheal intermittent administration</i>, „Journal of Occupational Health”, 47 (3), <span title="maj 2005">2005</span>, s. 242–248<span class="issn">, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1341-9145">1341-9145</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15953846">15953846</a><span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2018-06-13]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=article&rft.atitle=A+13-week+toxicity+study+of+bismuth+in+rats+by+intratracheal+intermittent+administration&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.date=2005-05&rft.issn=1341-9145&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+Health&rft.volume=47&rft.edition=3&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F15953846" style="display:none"> </span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ukladodpornosciowy.pl/bizmut/"><i>Bizmut</i></a> [online], Układ Odpornościowy<span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2017-09-12]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=book&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.btitle=Bizmut&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fukladodpornosciowy.pl%2Fbizmut%2F" style="display:none"> </span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Szczygieł-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Szczygieł_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Otwarty_dost%C4%99p" title="publikacja w otwartym dostępie – możesz ją przeczytać"><img alt="publikacja w otwartym dostępie – możesz ją przeczytać" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Open_Access_logo_green_alt2.svg/20px-Open_Access_logo_green_alt2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="13" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <cite class="citation journal">Łukasz Szczygieł. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191009101055/http://www.kwadryga.pl/upload/Dokumenty/Artykuly_naukowe/Gf_4_09_36-38.pdf"><em>Medyczne zastosowanie związków bizmutu</em></a>. „Gazeta Farmaceutyczna”. 4/2009. s. 36–38. [dostęp 2017-09-12].</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Medyczne+zastosowanie+zwi%C4%85zk%C3%B3w+bizmutu&rft.jtitle=Gazeta+Farmaceutyczna&rft.volume=4%2F2009&rft.au=%C5%81ukasz+Szczygie%C5%82&rft.pages=36%E2%80%9338&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20191009101055%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.kwadryga.pl%2Fupload%2FDokumenty%2FArtykuly_naukowe%2FGf_4_09_36-38.pdf"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-toxicity2-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-toxicity2_15-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-toxicity2_15-1">b</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal pmid nourl"><span class="cite-name-before"><span class="cite-name-full">Yuri</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Yuri" style="display:none">Y.</span> </span><span class="cite-lastname">Sano</span><span class="cite-name-after" style="display:none"> <span class="cite-name-full">Yuri</span><span class="cite-name-initials" title="Yuri">Y.</span></span><span class="cite-at-al" title="Yuri Sano, Hiroshi Satoh, Momoko Chiba, Masahide Okamoto, Koji Serizawa"> i inni</span>, <i>Oral toxicity of bismuth in rat: single and 28-day repeated administration studies</i>, „Journal of Occupational Health”, 47 (4), <span title="lipiec 2005">2005</span>, s. 293–298<span class="issn">, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/1341-9145">1341-9145</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/PMID" title="PMID">PMID</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16096353">16096353</a><span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2018-06-13]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft.gengre=article&rft.atitle=Oral+toxicity+of+bismuth+in+rat%3A+single+and+28-day+repeated+administration+studies&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.date=2005-07&rft.issn=1341-9145&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Occupational+Health&rft.volume=47&rft.edition=4&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16096353" style="display:none"> </span>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Edytuj sekcję: Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&action=edit&section=10" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Bibliografia"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book"><i>Mały słownik chemiczny</i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jerzy_Chodkowski&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerzy Chodkowski (strona nie istnieje)">Jerzy Chodkowski</a> (red.). Wyd. V. Warszawa: <a href="/wiki/Wydawnictwo_%E2%80%9EWiedza_Powszechna%E2%80%9D" title="Wydawnictwo „Wiedza Powszechna”">Wiedza Powszechna</a>, 1976.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ma%C5%82y+s%C5%82ownik+chemiczny&rft.date=1976&rft.edition=V&rft.pub=%5B%5BWydawnictwo+%E2%80%9EWiedza+Powszechna%E2%80%9D%7CWiedza+Powszechna%5D%5D&rft.place=Warszawa"></span></cite><span class="problemy" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet=""> Brak numerów stron w książce</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><i>Encyklopedia techniki CHEMIA</i>. Warszawa: <a href="/wiki/Wydawnictwa_Naukowo-Techniczne" title="Wydawnictwa Naukowo-Techniczne">WNT</a>, 1965.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyklopedia+techniki+CHEMIA&rft.date=1965&rft.pub=%5B%5BWydawnictwa+Naukowo-Techniczne%7CWNT%5D%5D&rft.place=Warszawa"></span></cite><span class="problemy" aria-hidden="true" data-nosnippet=""> Brak numerów stron w książce</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><a href="/wiki/Adam_Biela%C5%84ski_(chemik)" title="Adam Bielański (chemik)">Adam Bielański</a>: <i>Chemia ogólna i nieorganiczna</i>. Warszawa: <a href="/wiki/Wydawnictwo_Naukowe_PWN" title="Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN">PWN</a>, 1981, s. 414, 427, 439. <a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki/830102626X" title="Specjalna:Książki/830102626X">ISBN <span class="isbn">83-01-02626-X</span></a>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chemia+og%C3%B3lna+i+nieorganiczna&rft.aulast=Biela%C5%84ski&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft.date=1981&rft.pub=%5B%5BWydawnictwo+Naukowe+PWN%7CPWN%5D%5D&rft.place=Warszawa&rft.pages=414%2C+427%2C+439&rft.isbn=83-01-02626-X"></span></cite></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Philip John Durrant, Bryl Durrant: <i>Zarys współczesnej chemii nieorganicznej</i>. Warszawa: <a href="/wiki/Wydawnictwo_Naukowe_PWN" title="Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN">PWN</a>, 1965, s. 875–881.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Zarys+wsp%C3%B3%C5%82czesnej+chemii+nieorganicznej&rft.au=Philip+John+Durrant%2C+Bryl+Durrant&rft.date=1965&rft.pub=%5B%5BWydawnictwo+Naukowe+PWN%7CPWN%5D%5D&rft.place=Warszawa&rft.pages=875%E2%80%93881"></span></cite></li></ul> <table class="navbox collapsible"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="34" style="font-size: 110%;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="padding:0; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; white-space:nowrap; float:left; font-weight:normal; text-align: left; width:6em; margin-left: 2px;"><a href="/wiki/Szablon:Pierwiastki_chemiczne" title="Szablon:Pierwiastki chemiczne"><span title="Pokaż ten szablon">p</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/wiki/Dyskusja_szablonu:Pierwiastki_chemiczne" title="Dyskusja szablonu:Pierwiastki chemiczne"><span title="Dyskusja na temat tego szablonu">d</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Szablon:Pierwiastki_chemiczne&action=edit"><span style="" title="Możesz edytować ten szablon. 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.navbox>tbody>tr>th{background-color:#3a3c3e}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox .title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>.mw-collapsible-content>.above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox>.mw-collapsible-content>.below,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox .opis{background-color:#303234}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .opis.a1,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .a1 .opis{background:#715f00}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .opis.a2,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .a2 .opis{background:#5f5f5f}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .opis.a3,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbox.medaliści .a3 .opis{background:#764617}}</style> </th></tr> <tr> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Litowce" title="Litowce">1</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Berylowce" title="Berylowce">2</a> </td> <td colspan="15">  </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Skandowce" title="Skandowce">3</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Tytanowce" title="Tytanowce">4</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Wanadowce" title="Wanadowce">5</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Chromowce" title="Chromowce">6</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Manganowce" title="Manganowce">7</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBelazowce" title="Żelazowce">8</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Kobaltowce" title="Kobaltowce">9</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Niklowce" title="Niklowce">10</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Miedziowce" title="Miedziowce">11</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Cynkowce" title="Cynkowce">12</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Borowce_(chemia)" title="Borowce (chemia)">13</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/W%C4%99glowce" title="Węglowce">14</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Azotowce" title="Azotowce">15</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Tlenowce" title="Tlenowce">16</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Fluorowce" title="Fluorowce">17</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Helowce" title="Helowce">18</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Pierwiastki_pierwszego_okresu" title="Pierwiastki pierwszego okresu">1</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#9AB973"><a href="/wiki/Wod%C3%B3r" title="Wodór">H</a> </td> <td colspan="31">  </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ABCDEF"><a href="/wiki/Hel_(pierwiastek)" title="Hel (pierwiastek)">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Pierwiastki_drugiego_okresu" title="Pierwiastki drugiego okresu">2</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC7722"><a href="/wiki/Lit" title="Lit">Li</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#E1A95F"><a href="/wiki/Beryl_(pierwiastek)" title="Beryl (pierwiastek)">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="25">  </td> <td style="color:black; background:#B87333"><a href="/wiki/Bor" title="Bor">B</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#9AB973"><a href="/wiki/W%C4%99giel_(pierwiastek)" title="Węgiel (pierwiastek)">C</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#9AB973"><a href="/wiki/Azot" title="Azot">N</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#9AB973"><a href="/wiki/Tlen" title="Tlen">O</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#F0E68C"><a href="/wiki/Fluor" title="Fluor">F</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ABCDEF"><a href="/wiki/Neon_(pierwiastek)" title="Neon (pierwiastek)">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Pierwiastki_trzeciego_okresu" title="Pierwiastki trzeciego okresu">3</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC7722"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3d" title="Sód">Na</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#E1A95F"><a href="/wiki/Magnez" title="Magnez">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="25">  </td> <td style="color:black; background:#BCBCBC"><a href="/wiki/Glin" title="Glin">Al</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#B87333"><a href="/wiki/Krzem" title="Krzem">Si</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#9AB973"><a href="/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor">P</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#9AB973"><a href="/wiki/Siarka" title="Siarka">S</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#F0E68C"><a href="/wiki/Chlor" title="Chlor">Cl</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ABCDEF"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Pierwiastki_czwartego_okresu" title="Pierwiastki czwartego okresu">4</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC7722"><a href="/wiki/Potas" title="Potas">K</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#E1A95F"><a href="/wiki/Wap%C5%84" title="Wapń">Ca</a> </td> <td colspan="15">  </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Skand" title="Skand">Sc</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Tytan_(pierwiastek)" title="Tytan (pierwiastek)">Ti</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Wanad" title="Wanad">V</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Chrom" title="Chrom">Cr</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mn</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBelazo" title="Żelazo">Fe</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">Co</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Nikiel" title="Nikiel">Ni</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Mied%C5%BA" title="Miedź">Cu</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Cynk" title="Cynk">Zn</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#BCBCBC"><a href="/wiki/Gal" title="Gal">Ga</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#B87333"><a href="/wiki/German" title="German">Ge</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#B87333"><a href="/wiki/Arsen" title="Arsen">As</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#9AB973"><a href="/wiki/Selen" title="Selen">Se</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#F0E68C"><a href="/wiki/Brom" title="Brom">Br</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ABCDEF"><a href="/wiki/Krypton" title="Krypton">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Pierwiastki_pi%C4%85tego_okresu" title="Pierwiastki piątego okresu">5</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC7722"><a href="/wiki/Rubid" title="Rubid">Rb</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#E1A95F"><a href="/wiki/Stront" title="Stront">Sr</a> </td> <td colspan="15">  </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Itr" title="Itr">Y</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Cyrkon_(pierwiastek)" title="Cyrkon (pierwiastek)">Zr</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Niob" title="Niob">Nb</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Molibden" title="Molibden">Mo</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Technet" title="Technet">Tc</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Ruten" title="Ruten">Ru</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Rod_(pierwiastek)" title="Rod (pierwiastek)">Rh</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Pallad" title="Pallad">Pd</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Srebro" title="Srebro">Ag</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Kadm" title="Kadm">Cd</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#BCBCBC"><a href="/wiki/Ind" title="Ind">In</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#BCBCBC"><a href="/wiki/Cyna" title="Cyna">Sn</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#B87333"><a href="/wiki/Antymon" title="Antymon">Sb</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#B87333"><a href="/wiki/Tellur" title="Tellur">Te</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#F0E68C"><a href="/wiki/Jod" title="Jod">I</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ABCDEF"><a href="/wiki/Ksenon" title="Ksenon">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Pierwiastki_sz%C3%B3stego_okresu" title="Pierwiastki szóstego okresu">6</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#CC7722"><a href="/wiki/Cez" title="Cez">Cs</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#E1A95F"><a href="/wiki/Bar_(pierwiastek)" title="Bar (pierwiastek)">Ba</a> </td> <td>  </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#E0B0FF"><a href="/wiki/Lantan" title="Lantan">La</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#E0B0FF"><a href="/wiki/Cer" title="Cer">Ce</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#E0B0FF"><a href="/wiki/Prazeodym" title="Prazeodym">Pr</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#E0B0FF"><a href="/wiki/Neodym" title="Neodym">Nd</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#E0B0FF"><a href="/wiki/Promet" title="Promet">Pm</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#E0B0FF"><a href="/wiki/Samar" title="Samar">Sm</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#E0B0FF"><a href="/wiki/Europ" title="Europ">Eu</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#E0B0FF"><a href="/wiki/Gadolin" title="Gadolin">Gd</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#E0B0FF"><a href="/wiki/Terb" title="Terb">Tb</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#E0B0FF"><a href="/wiki/Dysproz" title="Dysproz">Dy</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#E0B0FF"><a href="/wiki/Holm_(pierwiastek)" title="Holm (pierwiastek)">Ho</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#E0B0FF"><a href="/wiki/Erb" title="Erb">Er</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#E0B0FF"><a href="/wiki/Tul" title="Tul">Tm</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#E0B0FF"><a href="/wiki/Iterb" title="Iterb">Yb</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#E0B0FF"><a href="/wiki/Lutet" title="Lutet">Lu</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Hafn" title="Hafn">Hf</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Tantal_(pierwiastek)" title="Tantal (pierwiastek)">Ta</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">W</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Ren_(pierwiastek)" title="Ren (pierwiastek)">Re</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Osm" title="Osm">Os</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Iryd" title="Iryd">Ir</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Platyna" title="Platyna">Pt</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Z%C5%82oto" title="Złoto">Au</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Rt%C4%99%C4%87" title="Rtęć">Hg</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#BCBCBC"><a href="/wiki/Tal" title="Tal">Tl</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#BCBCBC"><a href="/wiki/O%C5%82%C3%B3w" title="Ołów">Pb</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#BCBCBC"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bi</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#BCBCBC"><a href="/wiki/Polon" title="Polon">Po</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#F0E68C"><a href="/wiki/Astat" title="Astat">At</a> </td> <td width="2.94%" style="color:black; background:#ABCDEF"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Pierwiastki_si%C3%B3dmego_okresu" title="Pierwiastki siódmego okresu">7</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC7722"><a href="/wiki/Frans" title="Frans">Fr</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#E1A95F"><a href="/wiki/Rad_(pierwiastek)" title="Rad (pierwiastek)">Ra</a> </td> <td>  </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC8898"><a href="/wiki/Aktyn" title="Aktyn">Ac</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC8898"><a href="/wiki/Tor_(pierwiastek)" title="Tor (pierwiastek)">Th</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC8898"><a href="/wiki/Protaktyn" title="Protaktyn">Pa</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC8898"><a href="/wiki/Uran_(pierwiastek)" title="Uran (pierwiastek)">U</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC8898"><a href="/wiki/Neptun_(pierwiastek)" title="Neptun (pierwiastek)">Np</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC8898"><a href="/wiki/Pluton_(pierwiastek)" title="Pluton (pierwiastek)">Pu</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC8898"><a href="/wiki/Ameryk" title="Ameryk">Am</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC8898"><a href="/wiki/Kiur_(pierwiastek)" title="Kiur (pierwiastek)">Cm</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC8898"><a href="/wiki/Berkel" title="Berkel">Bk</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC8898"><a href="/wiki/Kaliforn" title="Kaliforn">Cf</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC8898"><a href="/wiki/Einstein_(pierwiastek)" title="Einstein (pierwiastek)">Es</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC8898"><a href="/wiki/Ferm_(pierwiastek)" title="Ferm (pierwiastek)">Fm</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC8898"><a href="/wiki/Mendelew" title="Mendelew">Md</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC8898"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_(pierwiastek)" title="Nobel (pierwiastek)">No</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC8898"><a href="/wiki/Lorens" title="Lorens">Lr</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Rutherford_(pierwiastek)" title="Rutherford (pierwiastek)">Rf</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Dubn" title="Dubn">Db</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Seaborg" title="Seaborg">Sg</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Bohr_(pierwiastek)" title="Bohr (pierwiastek)">Bh</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Has" title="Has">Hs</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC"><a href="/wiki/Meitner" title="Meitner">Mt</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC"><a href="/wiki/Darmsztadt" title="Darmsztadt">Ds</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC"><a href="/wiki/Roentgen_(pierwiastek)" title="Roentgen (pierwiastek)">Rg</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF"><a href="/wiki/Kopernik_(pierwiastek)" title="Kopernik (pierwiastek)">Cn</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC"><a href="/wiki/Nihon" title="Nihon">Nh</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC"><a href="/wiki/Flerow" title="Flerow">Fl</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC"><a href="/wiki/Moskow_(pierwiastek)" title="Moskow (pierwiastek)">Mc</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC"><a href="/wiki/Liwermor" title="Liwermor">Lv</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC"><a href="/wiki/Tenes" title="Tenes">Ts</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC"><a href="/wiki/Oganeson" title="Oganeson">Og</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="color:black; background:#ffffff"><a href="/wiki/Pierwiastki_%C3%B3smego_okresu" title="Pierwiastki ósmego okresu">8</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC"><a href="/wiki/Ununenn" title="Ununenn">Uue</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC"><a href="/wiki/Unbinil" title="Unbinil">Ubn</a> </td> <td width="2.94%"><small>✱</small> </td> <td colspan="30">  </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="5">  </td> <td><small>✱</small> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC"><a href="/wiki/Unbiun" title="Unbiun">Ubu</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC"><a href="/wiki/Unbibi" title="Unbibi">Ubb</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC">Ubt </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC"><a href="/wiki/Unbikwad" title="Unbikwad">Ubq</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC">Ubp </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC"><a href="/wiki/Unbiheks" title="Unbiheks">Ubh</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC"><a href="/wiki/Unbisept" title="Unbisept">Ubs</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC">...<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>ii<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td colspan="22">  </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="34"> <table border="0" align="center" style="border:1px solid #ffffff; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%; font-size: 90%;" rules="all" cellpadding="1"> <tbody><tr> <td style="color:black; background:#CC7722; border:2px solid #ffffff;" width="9.09%"><a href="/wiki/Litowce" title="Litowce">Metale alkaliczne</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#E1A95F; border:2px solid #ffffff;" width="9.09%"><a href="/wiki/Berylowce" title="Berylowce">Metale ziem<br />alkalicznych</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#E0B0FF; border:2px solid #ffffff;" width="9.09%"><a href="/wiki/Lantanowce" title="Lantanowce">Lantanowce</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#CC8898; border:2px solid #ffffff;" width="9.09%"><a href="/wiki/Aktynowce" title="Aktynowce">Aktynowce</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#EDC9AF; border:2px solid #ffffff;" width="9.09%"><a href="/wiki/Blok_d" title="Blok d">Metale przejściowe</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#BCBCBC; border:2px solid #ffffff;" width="9.09%"><a href="/wiki/Metale" title="Metale">Metale</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#B87333; border:2px solid #ffffff;" width="9.09%"><a href="/wiki/P%C3%B3%C5%82metale" title="Półmetale">Półmetale</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#9AB973; border:2px solid #ffffff;" width="9.09%"><a href="/wiki/Niemetale" title="Niemetale">Niemetale</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#F0E68C; border:2px solid #ffffff;" width="9.09%"><a href="/wiki/Fluorowce" title="Fluorowce">Halogeny</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ABCDEF; border:2px solid #ffffff;" width="9.09%"><a href="/wiki/Helowce" title="Helowce">Gazy szlachetne</a> </td> <td style="color:black; background:#ECECEC; border:2px solid #ffffff;" width="9.09%">Właściwości<br />nieznane </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="34" style="text-align:left"><div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection refsection-mini"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Alternatywnie do <a href="/wiki/Skandowce" title="Skandowce">skandowców</a> zalicza się często nie <a href="/wiki/Lutet" title="Lutet">lutet</a> i <a href="/wiki/Lorens" title="Lorens">lorens</a>, lecz <a href="/wiki/Lantan" title="Lantan">lantan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aktyn" title="Aktyn">aktyn</a> oraz hipotetyczny <a href="/wiki/Unbiun" title="Unbiun">unbiun</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Budowa <a href="/wiki/Pierwiastki_%C3%B3smego_okresu" title="Pierwiastki ósmego okresu">8. okresu</a> jest przedmiotem badań teoretycznych i dokładne umiejscowienie pierwiastków tego okresu w ramach układu okresowego jest niepewne.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r75562624">.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div+div{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div>div{background:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);padding:.2em .5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul li:first-child{padding-left:.5em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}</style> <div id="normdaten" class="catlinks"><div class="normdaten-typ-fehlt"><div><a href="/wiki/Kontrola_autorytatywna" title="Kontrola autorytatywna">Kontrola autorytatywna</a> (<span class="description"><a href="/wiki/Pierwiastek_chemiczny" title="Pierwiastek chemiczny">pierwiastek chemiczny</a></span>):</div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/sh85014436">sh85014436</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4145722-5">4145722-5</a></span></li><li><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_NDL_Authorities" class="extiw" title="de:Web NDL Authorities">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00560691">00560691</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale" title="Bibliothèque nationale">BnF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12150872q">12150872q</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Centralna_Biblioteka_Narodowa_we_Florencji" title="Centralna Biblioteka Narodowa we Florencji">BNCF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=31234">31234</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Republiki_Czeskiej" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Republiki Czeskiej">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aut.nkp.cz/ph118931">ph118931</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Hiszpa%C5%84ska_Biblioteka_Narodowa" title="Hiszpańska Biblioteka Narodowa">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX544135">XX544135</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Izraela" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Izraela">J9U</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007282559205171">987007282559205171</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="normdaten-andere"><div><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_internetowa" title="Encyklopedia internetowa">Encyklopedie internetowe</a>:</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Treccani" title="Enciclopedia Treccani">Treccani</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/bismuto">bismuto</a></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P3219" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P3219">Universalis</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/bismuth/">bismuth</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Store_norske_leksikon" title="Store norske leksikon">SNL</a>: <span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=4342&url_prefix=https://snl.no/&id=vismut">vismut</a></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P1296" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P1296">Catalana</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0223144.xml">0223144</a></span>, <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0009864.xml">0009864</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Den_Store_Danske_Encyklop%C3%A6di" title="Den Store Danske Encyklopædi">DSDE</a>: <span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8313&url_prefix=https://lex.dk/&id=bismuth">bismuth</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Źródło: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&oldid=76276897">https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bizmut&oldid=76276897</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Kategorie" title="Specjalna:Kategorie">Kategorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Pierwiastki_radioaktywne" title="Kategoria:Pierwiastki radioaktywne">Pierwiastki radioaktywne</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Bizmut" title="Kategoria:Bizmut">Bizmut</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Ukryte kategorie: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Szablon_cytowania_zamieni%C5%82_nazw%C4%99_czasopisma" title="Kategoria:Szablon cytowania zamienił nazwę czasopisma">Szablon cytowania zamienił nazwę czasopisma</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Uniwersalny_szablon_cytowania_%E2%80%93_brak_strony" title="Kategoria:Uniwersalny szablon cytowania – brak strony">Uniwersalny szablon cytowania – brak strony</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Brak_w%C5%82a%C5%9Bciwo%C5%9Bci_P373_wpisanej_lokalnie_(Pierwiastek_infobox)" title="Kategoria:Brak właściwości P373 wpisanej lokalnie (Pierwiastek infobox)">Brak właściwości P373 wpisanej lokalnie (Pierwiastek infobox)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Szablon_cytowania_ksi%C4%85%C5%BCki_%E2%80%93_brak_numeru_strony" 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