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solvothermal process</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Microwave solvothermal process"> <meta name="keywords" content="Microwave solvothermal process"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> 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action="https://publications.waset.org/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Microwave solvothermal process"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 5571</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Microwave solvothermal process</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5571</span> Microwave-Assisted Fabrication of Visible-Light Activated BiOBr-Nanoplate Photocatalyst</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Meichen%20Lee">Meichen Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Michael%20K.%20H.%20Leung"> Michael K. H. Leung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In recent years, visible-light activated photocatalysis has become a major field of intense researches for the higher efficiency of solar energy utilizations. Many attempts have been made on the modification of wide band gap semiconductors, while more and more efforts emphasize on cost-effective synthesis of visible-light activated catalysts. In this work, BiOBr nanoplates with band gap of visible-light range are synthesized through a promising microwave solvothermal method. The treatment time period and temperature dependent BiOBr nanosheets of various particle sizes are investigated through SEM. BiOBr synthesized under the condition of 160°C for 60 mins shows the most uniform particle sizes around 311 nm and the highest surface-to-volume ratio on account of its smallest average particle sizes compared with others. It exhibits the best photocatalytic behavior among all samples in RhB degradation.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microwave%20solvothermal%20process" title="Microwave solvothermal process">Microwave solvothermal process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nanoplates" title=" nanoplates"> nanoplates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=solar%20energy" title=" solar energy"> solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=visible-light%20photocatalysis." title=" visible-light photocatalysis."> visible-light photocatalysis.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005522/microwave-assisted-fabrication-of-visible-light-activated-biobr-nanoplate-photocatalyst" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005522/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005522/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005522/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005522/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005522/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005522/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005522/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005522/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005522/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005522/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1001</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5570</span> Measurement of Systemic Power Efficiency of Microwave Heating Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yi%20He">Yi He</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nutdechatorn%20Puangngernmak"> Nutdechatorn Puangngernmak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Suramate%20Chalermwisutkul"> Suramate Chalermwisutkul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Microwave heating process has been developed about sixty years while measurement system has also progressed. Because of irradiation of high frequency of microwave, researchers have been utilized many costly technical instrument measuring parameters to evaluate the performance of microwave heating system. Therefore, this paper is intended to present an easier and feasible efficiency measurement method. It can help inspecting efficiency of microwave heating system with good accuracy, while the method can also give reference to optimizing procedure for microwave heating system for various load material</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=measurement" title="measurement">measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave%20heating%20system" title="microwave heating system">microwave heating system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=systemic%20power%20efficiency" title=" systemic power efficiency"> systemic power efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8267/measurement-of-systemic-power-efficiency-of-microwave-heating-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8267/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8267/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8267/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8267/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8267/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8267/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8267/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8267/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8267/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8267/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8267.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1847</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5569</span> Demulsification of Water-in-Oil Emulsions by Microwave Heating Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abdurahman%20H.%20Nour">Abdurahman H. Nour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rosli%20M.%20Yunus"> Rosli M. Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Azhary.%20H.%20Nour"> Azhary. H. Nour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The mechanism of microwave heating is essentially that of dielectric heating. After exposing the emulsion to the microwave Electromagnetic (EM) field, molecular rotation and ionic conduction due to the penetration of (EM) into the emulsion are responsible for the internal heating. To determine the capability of microwave technology in demulsification of crude oil emulsions, microwave demulsification method was applied in a 50-50 % and 20- 80 % water-in-oil emulsions with microwave exposure time varied from 20-180 sec. Transient temperature profiles of water-in-oil emulsions inside a cylindrical container were measured. The temperature rise at a given location was almost horizontal (linear). The average rates of temperature increase of 50-50 % and 20-80 % water-in-oil emulsions are 0.351 and 0.437 oC/sec, respectively. The rate of temperature increase of emulsions decreased at higher temperature due to decreasing dielectric loss of water. These results indicate that microwave demulsification of water-in-oil emulsions does not require chemical additions. Microwave has the potential to be used as an alternative way in the demulsification process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Demulsification" title="Demulsification">Demulsification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=temperature%20profile" title=" temperature profile"> temperature profile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=emulsion.Microwave%20heating" title=" emulsion.Microwave heating"> emulsion.Microwave heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dielectric" title=" dielectric"> dielectric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=volume%20rate." title=" volume rate."> volume rate.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3899/demulsification-of-water-in-oil-emulsions-by-microwave-heating-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3899/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3899/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3899/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3899/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3899/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3899/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3899/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3899/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3899/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3899/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/3899.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3726</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5568</span> Microwave Drying System with High-Tech Phase Controller: A Modified Applicator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20S.%20Jambhale">A. S. Jambhale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20V.%20Barbadekar"> B. V. Barbadekar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Microwave energy can be used for drying purpose. It is unique process. It is distinctly different from conventional drying process. It is advantageous over conventional drying / heating processes. When microwave energy is used for drying purpose, the process can be accelerated with a better control to achieve uniform heating, more conversion efficiency, selective drying and ultimately improved product quality of the output. Also, less floor space and compact system are the added advantages. Existing low power microwave drying system is to be modified with suitable applicator. Appropriate sensors are to be used to measure parameters like moisture, temperature, weight of sample. Suitable high tech controller is to be used to control microwave power continuously from minimum to maximum. Phase - controller, cycle - controller and PWM - controller are some of the advanced power control techniques. It has been proposed to work on turmeric using high-tech phase controller to control the microwave power conveniently. The drying of turmeric with microwave energy employing phase controller gives better results as formulated in this paper and hence new approach of processing turmeric will open future doors of profit making to allied industries and the farmers.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Applicator" title="Applicator">Applicator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave%20drying" title=" microwave drying"> microwave drying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=phase%20controller." title=" phase controller."> phase controller.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8212/microwave-drying-system-with-high-tech-phase-controller-a-modified-applicator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8212/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8212/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8212/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8212/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8212/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8212/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8212/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8212/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8212/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8212/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8212.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1903</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5567</span> Zinc Adsorption Determination of H2SO4 Activated Pomegranate Peel </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20N.%20Turkmen%20Koc">S. N. Turkmen Koc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20S.%20Kipcak"> A. S. Kipcak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20B.%20Piskin"> M. B. Piskin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Moroydor%20Derun"> E. Moroydor Derun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Tugrul"> N. Tugrul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Active carbon can be obtained from agricultural sources. Due to the high surface area, the production of activated carbon from cheap resources is very important. Since the surface area of 1 g activated carbon is approximately between 300 and 2000 m<sup>2</sup>, it can be used to remove both organic and inorganic impurities. In this study, the adsorption of Zn metal was studied with the product of activated carbon, which is obtained from pomegranate peel by microwave and chemical activation methods. The microwave process of pomegranate peel was carried out under constant microwave power of 800 W and 1 to 4 minutes. After the microwave process, samples were treated with H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> for 3 h. Then prepared product was used in synthetic waste water including 40 ppm Zn metal. As a result, removal of waste Zn in waste water ranged from 91% to 93%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Activated%20carbon" title="Activated carbon">Activated carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=chemical%20activation" title=" chemical activation"> chemical activation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H2SO4" title=" H2SO4"> H2SO4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave" title=" microwave"> microwave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pomegranate%20peel." title=" pomegranate peel."> pomegranate peel.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010046/zinc-adsorption-determination-of-h2so4-activated-pomegranate-peel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010046/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010046/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010046/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010046/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010046/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010046/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010046/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010046/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010046/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010046/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10010046.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">755</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5566</span> Numerical Analysis of All-Optical Microwave Mixing and Bandpass Filtering in an RoF Link</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Khosroabadi">S. Khosroabadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20R.%20Salehi"> M. R. Salehi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, all-optical signal processors that perform both microwave mixing and bandpass filtering in a radio-over-fiber (RoF) link are presented. The key device is a Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) which performs all-optical microwave mixing. An up-converted microwave signal is obtained and other unwanted frequency components are suppressed at the end of the fiber span. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microwave%20mixing" title="Microwave mixing">Microwave mixing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=bandpass%20filtering" title=" bandpass filtering"> bandpass filtering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=all-optical" title=" all-optical"> all-optical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=signal%20processing" title="signal processing">signal processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MZM." title=" MZM."> MZM.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1599/numerical-analysis-of-all-optical-microwave-mixing-and-bandpass-filtering-in-an-rof-link" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1599/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1599/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1599/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1599/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1599/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1599/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1599/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1599/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1599/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1599/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/1599.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1719</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5565</span> Synthesis of Magnesium Borates from the Slurries of Magnesium Wastes by Microwave Energy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Tugrul">N. Tugrul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20T.%20Senberber"> F. T. Senberber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20S.%20Kipcak%20E.%20Moroydor%20Derun"> A. S. Kipcak E. Moroydor Derun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Piskin"> S. Piskin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this research, it is aimed not only microwave synthesis of magnesium borates but also evaluation of magnesium wastes. Synthesis process can be described with the reaction of Mg wastes and boric acid using microwave energy. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) were applied to synthesized minerals. According to XRD results, magnesium borate hydrate mixtures were obtained as mcallisterite (pdf# = 01-070-1902, Mg<sub>2</sub>(B<sub>6</sub>O<sub>7</sub>(OH)<sub>6</sub>)<sub>2</sub>.9(H<sub>2</sub>O)) at higher crystallinity properties was achieved at the mole ratio raw material 1:1. Also, other kinds of magnesium borate hydrates were obtained at lower crystallinity such as admontite (pdf # = 01-076-0540, MgO(B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>.7(H<sub>2</sub>O)), inderite (pdf # = 01-072-2308, 2MgO.3B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>.15(H<sub>2</sub>O)) and magnesium borate hydrates (pdf # = 01-076-0539, MgO(B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>.6(H<sub>2</sub>O)). FT-IR spectrums indicated that minor changes were seen at the band values of characteristic stretching in each experiment. At the end of experiments it is seen that using microwave energy may contribute positive effects to design of synthesis process such as reducing reaction time and products at higher crystallinity.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Magnesium%20wastes" title="Magnesium wastes">Magnesium wastes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=boric%20acid" title=" boric acid"> boric acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=magnesium%20borate" title=" magnesium borate"> magnesium borate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave%20energy." title=" microwave energy. "> microwave energy. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998769/synthesis-of-magnesium-borates-from-the-slurries-of-magnesium-wastes-by-microwave-energy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998769/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998769/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998769/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998769/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998769/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998769/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998769/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998769/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998769/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998769/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998769.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5564</span> Microwave Sintering and Its Application on Cemented Carbides</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rumman%20Md%20Raihanuzzaman">Rumman Md Raihanuzzaman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lee%20Chang%20Chuan"> Lee Chang Chuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zonghan%20Xie"> Zonghan Xie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Reza%20Ghomashchi"> Reza Ghomashchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cemented carbides, owing to their excellent mechanical properties, have been of immense interest in the field of hard materials for the past few decades. A number of processing techniques have been developed to obtain high quality carbide tools, with a wide range of grain size depending on the application and requirements. Microwave sintering is one of the heating processes, which has been used to prepare a wide range of materials including ceramics. A deep understanding of microwave sintering and its contribution towards control of grain growth and on deformation of the resulting carbide materials requires further studies and attention. In addition, the effect of binder materials and their behavior during microwave sintering is another area that requires clear understanding. This review aims to focus on microwave sintering, providing information of how the process works and what type of materials it is best suited for. In addition, a closer look at some microwave sintered Tungsten Carbide-Cobalt samples will be taken and discussed, highlighting some of the key issues and challenges faced in this research area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cemented%20carbides" title="Cemented carbides">Cemented carbides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=consolidation" title=" consolidation"> consolidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave%0D%0Asintering" title=" microwave sintering"> microwave sintering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mechanical%20properties." title=" mechanical properties."> mechanical properties.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001959/microwave-sintering-and-its-application-on-cemented-carbides" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001959/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001959/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001959/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001959/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001959/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001959/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001959/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001959/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001959/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001959/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2918</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5563</span> Transesterification of Jojoba Oil-Wax Using Microwave Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Labiba%20I.%20Hussein">Labiba I. Hussein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Maher%20Z.%20Elsabee"> Maher Z. Elsabee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Eid%20A.%20Ismail"> Eid A. Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hala%20F.%20Naguib"> Hala F. Naguib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hilda%20A.%20Aziz"> Hilda A. Aziz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Moataz%20A.%20Elsawy"> Moataz A. Elsawy </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Jojoba oil-wax is extracted from the seeds of the jojoba (<em>Simmondsia chinensis</em> Link Schneider), a perennial shrub that grows in semi desert areas in Egypt and in some parts of the world. The main uses of jojoba oil-wax are in the cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry, but new uses could arise related to the search of new energetic crops. This paper summarizes a process to convert the jojoba oil-wax to biodiesel by transesterification with ethanol and a series of aliphatic alcohols using a more economic and energy saving method in a domestic microwave. The effect of time and power of the microwave on the extent of the transesterification using ethanol and other aliphatic alcohols has been studied. The separation of the alkyl esters from the fatty alcohols rich fraction has been done in a single crystallization step at low temperature (−18°C) from low boiling point petroleum ether. Gas chromatography has been used to follow up the transesterification process. All products have been characterized by spectral analysis.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jojoba%20oil" title="Jojoba oil">Jojoba oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=transesterification" title=" transesterification"> transesterification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave" title=" microwave"> microwave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gas%20chromatography%20jojoba%20esters" title=" gas chromatography jojoba esters"> gas chromatography jojoba esters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jojoba%20alcohol." title=" Jojoba alcohol."> Jojoba alcohol.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998200/transesterification-of-jojoba-oil-wax-using-microwave-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998200/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998200/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998200/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998200/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998200/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998200/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998200/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998200/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998200/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998200/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9998200.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3712</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5562</span> Reflection Performance of Truncated Pyramidal and Truncated Wedge Microwave Absorber Using Sugarcane Bagasse (SCB)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Liyana%20Zahid">Liyana Zahid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohd%20Fareq%20Abd%20Malek"> Mohd Fareq Abd Malek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ee%20Meng%20Cheng"> Ee Meng Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wei%20Wen%20Liu"> Wei Wen Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yeng%20Seng%20Lee"> Yeng Seng Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammad%20Nadeem%20Iqbal"> Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fwen%20Hoon%20Wee"> Fwen Hoon Wee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Farrah%20Salwani%20Abdullah"> Farrah Salwani Abdullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>One of the parameters that affect the performance of microwave absorbers is the shape of the absorbers. This paper shows the performance (reflection loss) of truncated pyramidal and truncated wedge microwave absorbers in the range frequency between 8.2 to 12.4 GHz (X-Band) in simulation. The material used is sugarcane bagasse (SCB) which is one of the new materials that used to fabricate the microwave absorber. The complex permittivity was measured using Agilent dielectric probe technique. The designs were simulated using CST Microwave Studio Software. The reflection losses between these two shapes were compared.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microwave%20Absorber" title="Microwave Absorber">Microwave Absorber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Reflection%20Loss" title=" Reflection Loss"> Reflection Loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sugarcane%20Bagasse%20%28SCB%29" title=" Sugarcane Bagasse (SCB)"> Sugarcane Bagasse (SCB)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=X-%20Band." title=" X- Band."> X- Band.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996708/reflection-performance-of-truncated-pyramidal-and-truncated-wedge-microwave-absorber-using-sugarcane-bagasse-scb" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996708/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996708/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996708/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996708/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996708/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996708/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996708/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996708/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996708/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996708/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996708.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1690</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5561</span> Produced Gas Conversion of Microwave Carbon Receptor Reforming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Young%20Nam%20Chun">Young Nam Chun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mun%20Sup%20Lim"> Mun Sup Lim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Carbon dioxide and methane, the major components of biomass pyrolysis/gasification gas and biogas, top the list of substances that cause climate change, but they are also among the most important renewable energy sources in modern society. The purpose of this study is to convert carbon dioxide and methane into high-quality energy using char and commercial activated carbon obtained from biomass pyrolysis as a microwave receptor. The methane reforming process produces hydrogen and carbon. This carbon is deposited in the pores of the microwave receptor and lowers catalytic activity, thereby reducing the methane conversion rate. The deposited carbon was removed by carbon gasification due to the supply of carbon dioxide, which solved the problem of microwave receptor inactivity. In particular, the conversion rate remained stable at over 90% when the ratio of carbon dioxide to methane was 1:1. When the reforming results of carbon dioxide and methane were compared after fabricating nickel and iron catalysts using commercial activated carbon as a carrier, the conversion rate was higher in the iron catalyst than in the nickel catalyst and when no catalyst was used. </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microwave" title="Microwave">Microwave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gas%20reforming" title=" gas reforming"> gas reforming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=greenhouse%20gas" title=" greenhouse gas"> greenhouse gas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave%20receptor" title=" microwave receptor"> microwave receptor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=catalyst." title=" catalyst."> catalyst.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008396/produced-gas-conversion-of-microwave-carbon-receptor-reforming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008396/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008396/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008396/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008396/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008396/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008396/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008396/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008396/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008396/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008396/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008396.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1050</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5560</span> The Effect of Carbon on Molybdenum in the Preparation of Microwave Induced Molybdenum Carbide</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Abd.%20Rahim%20Yacob">Abd. Rahim Yacob</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohd%20Khairul%20Asyraf%20Amat%20Mustajab"> Mohd Khairul Asyraf Amat Mustajab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nurshaira%20Haifa%20Suhaimi"> Nurshaira Haifa Suhaimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study shows the effect of carbon towards molybdenum carbide alloy when exposed to Microwave. This technique is also known as Microwave Induced Alloying (MIA) for the preparation of molybdenum carbide. In this study ammonium heptamolybdate solution and carbon black powder were heterogeneously mixed and exposed to microwave irradiation for 2 minutes. The effect on amount of carbon towards the produced alloy on morphological and oxidation states changes during microwave is presented. In this experiment, it is expected carbon act as a reducing agent with the ratio 2:7 molybdenum to carbon as the optimum for the production of molybdenum carbide alloy. All the morphological transformations and changes in this experiment were followed and characterized using X-Ray Diffraction and FESEM. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Carbon" title="Carbon">Carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=molybdenum%20carbide" title=" molybdenum carbide"> molybdenum carbide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave%20induced%0Aalloying." title=" microwave induced alloying."> microwave induced alloying.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5367/the-effect-of-carbon-on-molybdenum-in-the-preparation-of-microwave-induced-molybdenum-carbide" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5367/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5367/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5367/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5367/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5367/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5367/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5367/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5367/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5367/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5367/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5367.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5559</span> Optimization of Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Cherry Laurel (Prunus laurocerasus L.) Fruit Using Response Surface Methodology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ivana%20T.%20Karabegovi%C4%87">Ivana T. Karabegovi膰</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sa%C5%A1a%20S.%20Stoji%C4%8Devi%C4%87"> Sa拧a S. Stoji膷evi膰</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dragan%20T.%20Veli%C4%8Dkovi%C4%87"> Dragan T. Veli膷kovi膰</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nada%20%C4%8C.%20Nikoli%C4%87"> Nada 膶. Nikoli膰</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Miodrag%20L.%20Lazi%C4%87"> Miodrag L. Lazi膰</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Optimization of a microwave-assisted extraction of cherry laurel (Prunus laurocerasus) fruit using methanol was studied. The influence of process parameters (microwave power, plant material-to-solvent ratio and the extraction time) on the extraction efficiency were optimized by using response surface methodology. The predicted maximum yield of extractive substances (41.85 g/100 g fresh plant material) was obtained at microwave power of 600 W and plant material to solvent ratio of 0.2 g/cm3 after 26 minutes of extraction, while a mean value of 40.80±0.41 g/100 g fresh plant material was obtained from laboratory experiments. This proves applicability of the model in predicting optimal extraction conditions with minimal laborious and time consuming. The results indicated that all process parameters were effective on the extraction efficiency, while the most important factor was extraction time. In order to rationalize production the optimal economical condition which gave a large total extract yield with minimal energy and solvent consumption was found.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Cherry%20laurel" title="Cherry laurel">Cherry laurel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Extraction" title=" Extraction"> Extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Multiple%20regression%20modeling" title=" Multiple regression modeling"> Multiple regression modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microwave." title=" Microwave."> Microwave.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15730/optimization-of-microwave-assisted-extraction-of-cherry-laurel-prunus-laurocerasus-l-fruit-using-response-surface-methodology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15730/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15730/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15730/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15730/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15730/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15730/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15730/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15730/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15730/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15730/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15730.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2231</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5558</span> Synthesis of Mg/B Containing Compound in a Modified Microwave Oven</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=G%C3%BCl%C5%9Fah%20%C3%87elik%20G%C3%BCl">G眉l艧ah 脟elik G眉l</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Figen%20Kurtulu%C5%9F"> Figen Kurtulu艧</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Magnesium containing boron compounds with hexagonal structure have been drawn much attention due to their superconductive nature. The main target of this work is new modified microwave oven by on our own has an ability about passing through a gas in the oven medium for attainment of oxygen-free compounds such as c-BN.  Mg containing boride was synthesized by modified-microwave method under nitrogen atmosphere using amorphous boron and magnesium source in appropriate molar ratio. Microwave oven with oxygen free environment has been modified to aimed to obtain magnesium boride without oxygen. Characterizations were done by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Mg containing boride, generally named magnesium boride, with amorphous character without oxygen is obtained via designed microwave oven system.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Magnesium%20containing%20boron%20compounds" title="Magnesium containing boron compounds">Magnesium containing boron compounds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=modified%20microwave%20synthesis" title=" modified microwave synthesis"> modified microwave synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=powder%20X-ray%20diffraction" title=" powder X-ray diffraction"> powder X-ray diffraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=FTIR." title=" FTIR."> FTIR.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008461/synthesis-of-mgb-containing-compound-in-a-modified-microwave-oven" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008461/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008461/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008461/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008461/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008461/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008461/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008461/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008461/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008461/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008461/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1092</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5557</span> Optical Characterization of a Microwave Plasma Torch for Hydrogen Production</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Babajide%20O.%20Ogungbesan">Babajide O. Ogungbesan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rajneesh%20Kumar"> Rajneesh Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mohamed%20Sassi"> Mohamed Sassi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a very toxic gas that is produced in very large quantities in the oil and gas industry. It cannot be flared to the atmosphere and Claus process based gas plants are used to recover the sulfur and convert the hydrogen to water. In this paper, we present optical characterization of an atmospheric pressure microwave plasma torch for H2S dissociation into hydrogen and sulfur. The torch is operated at 2.45 GHz with power up to 2 kW. Three different gases can simultaneously be injected in the plasma torch. Visual imaging and optical emission spectroscopy are used to characterize the plasma for varying gas flow rates and microwave power. The plasma length, emission spectra and temperature are presented. The obtained experimental results validate our earlier published simulation results of plasma torch.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Atmospheric%20pressure%20microwave%20plasma" title="Atmospheric pressure microwave plasma">Atmospheric pressure microwave plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=gas%20dissociation" title=" gas dissociation"> gas dissociation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optical%20emission%20spectroscopy." title=" optical emission spectroscopy."> optical emission spectroscopy.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12575/optical-characterization-of-a-microwave-plasma-torch-for-hydrogen-production" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12575/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12575/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12575/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12575/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12575/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12575/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12575/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12575/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12575/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12575/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3278</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5556</span> Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Temperature Distribution and Electric Field in a Natural Rubber Glove during Microwave Heating</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=U.%20Narumitbowonkul">U. Narumitbowonkul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Keangin"> P. Keangin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=P.%20Rattanadecho"> P. Rattanadecho</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The characteristics of temperature distribution and electric field in a natural rubber glove (NRG) using microwave energy during microwave heating process are investigated numerically and experimentally. A three-dimensional model of NRG and microwave oven are considered in this work. The influences of position, heating time and rotation angle of NRG on temperature distribution and electric field are presented in details. The coupled equations of electromagnetic wave propagation and heat transfer are solved using the finite element method (FEM). The numerical model is validated with an experimental study at a frequency of 2.45 GHz. The results show that the numerical results closely match the experimental results. Furthermore, it is found that the temperature distribution and electric field increases with increasing heating time. The hot spot zone appears in NRG at the tip of middle finger while the maximum temperature occurs in case of rotation angle of NRG = 60 degree. This investigation provides the essential aspects for a fundamental understanding of heat transport of NRG using microwave energy in industry.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Electric%20field" title="Electric field">Electric field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Finite%20element%20method" title=" Finite element method"> Finite element method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microwave%0D%0Aenergy" title=" Microwave energy"> Microwave energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Natural%20rubber%20glove." title=" Natural rubber glove."> Natural rubber glove.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000910/numerical-and-experimental-analysis-of-temperature-distribution-and-electric-field-in-a-natural-rubber-glove-during-microwave-heating" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000910/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000910/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000910/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000910/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000910/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000910/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000910/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000910/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000910/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000910/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000910.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5555</span> Combined Microwaves and Microreactors Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shigenori%20Togashi">Shigenori Togashi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mitsuhiro%20Matsuzawa"> Mitsuhiro Matsuzawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A pilot plant for continuous flow microwave-assisted chemical reaction combined with microreactors was developed and water heating tests were conducted for evaluation of the developed plant. We developed a microwave apparatus having a single microwave generator that can heat reaction solutions in four reaction fields simultaneously in order to increase throughput. We also designed a four-branch waveguide using electromagnetic simulation, and found that the transmission efficiency at 99%. Finally, we developed the pilot plant using the developed microwave apparatus and conducted water heating tests. The temperatures in the respective reaction fields were controlled within 卤1.1 K at 353.2 K. Moreover, the energy absorption rates by the water were about 90% in the respective reaction fields, whereas the energy absorption rate was about 40% when 100 cm3 of water was heated by a commercially available multimode microwave chemical reactor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microwave" title="Microwave">Microwave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microreactor" title=" Microreactor"> Microreactor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heating" title=" Heating"> Heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Electromagnetic%0ASimulation" title=" Electromagnetic Simulation"> Electromagnetic Simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12500/combined-microwaves-and-microreactors-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12500/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12500/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12500/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12500/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12500/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12500/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12500/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12500/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12500/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12500/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12500.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1768</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5554</span> Tunable Photonic Microwave Bandpass Filter Based on EOPM and VPBS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Heydari">R. Heydari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20R.%20Salehi"> M. R. Salehi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A tunable photonic microwave bandpass filter with negative coefficient based on an electro-optic phase modulator (EOPM) and a variable polarization beamsplitter (VPBS) is demonstrated. A two-tap microwave bandpass filter with one negative coefficient is presented. The chromatic dispersion and optical coherence are not affected on this filter. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bandpass%20filter" title="Bandpass filter">Bandpass filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=EOPM" title=" EOPM"> EOPM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=photonic%20microwave%20filter" title=" photonic microwave filter"> photonic microwave filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=polarization%20beamsplitter." title="polarization beamsplitter.">polarization beamsplitter.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6369/tunable-photonic-microwave-bandpass-filter-based-on-eopm-and-vpbs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6369/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6369/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6369/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6369/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6369/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6369/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6369/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6369/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6369/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6369/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6369.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1659</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5553</span> Drying of Papaya (Carica papaya L.) Using a Microwave-vacuum Dryer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kraipat%20Cheenkachorn">Kraipat Cheenkachorn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Piyawat%20Jintanatham"> Piyawat Jintanatham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sarun%20Rattanaprapa"> Sarun Rattanaprapa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In present work, drying characteristics of fresh papaya (Carica papaya L.) was studied to understand the dehydration process and its behavior. Drying experiments were carried out by a laboratory scaled microwave-vacuum oven. The parameters affecting drying characteristics including operating modes (continuous, pulsed), microwave power (400 and 800 W), and vacuum pressure (20, 30, and 40 cmHg) were investigated. For pulsed mode, two levels of power-off time (60 and 120 s) were used while the power-on time was fixed at 60 s and the vacuum pressure was fixed at 40 cmHg. For both operating modes, the effects of drying conditions on drying time, drying rate, and effective diffusivity were investigated. The results showed high microwave power, high vacuum, and pulsed mode of 60 s-on/60 s-off favored drying rate as shown by the shorten drying time and increased effective diffusivity. The drying characteristics were then described by Page-s model, which showed a good agreement with experimental data.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=papaya" title="papaya">papaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave-vacuum%20drying" title=" microwave-vacuum drying"> microwave-vacuum drying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=effective%0D%0Adiffusivity" title=" effective diffusivity"> effective diffusivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Page%27s%20model" title=" Page's model"> Page's model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/438/drying-of-papaya-carica-papaya-l-using-a-microwave-vacuum-dryer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/438/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/438/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/438/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/438/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/438/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/438/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/438/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/438/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/438/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/438/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2864</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5552</span> ANN Models for Microstrip Line Synthesis and Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dr.K.Sri%20Rama%20Krishna">Dr.K.Sri Rama Krishna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.Lakshmi%20Narayana"> J.Lakshmi Narayana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dr.L.Pratap%20Reddy"> Dr.L.Pratap Reddy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microstrip lines, widely used for good reason, are broadband in frequency and provide circuits that are compact and light in weight. They are generally economical to produce since they are readily adaptable to hybrid and monolithic integrated circuit (IC) fabrication technologies at RF and microwave frequencies. Although, the existing EM simulation models used for the synthesis and analysis of microstrip lines are reasonably accurate, they are computationally intensive and time consuming. Neural networks recently gained attention as fast and flexible vehicles to microwave modeling, simulation and optimization. After learning and abstracting from microwave data, through a process called training, neural network models are used during microwave design to provide instant answers to the task learned.This paper presents simple and accurate ANN models for the synthesis and analysis of Microstrip lines to more accurately compute the characteristic parameters and the physical dimensions respectively for the required design specifications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Neural%20Models" title="Neural Models">Neural Models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Algorithms" title=" Algorithms"> Algorithms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microstrip%20Lines" title=" Microstrip Lines"> Microstrip Lines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Analysis" title="Analysis">Analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Synthesis" title=" Synthesis"> Synthesis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15045/ann-models-for-microstrip-line-synthesis-and-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15045/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15045/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15045/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15045/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15045/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15045/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15045/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15045/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15045/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15045/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15045.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5551</span> Design the Bowtie Antenna for the Detection of the Tumor in Microwave Tomography</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Muhammd%20Hassan%20Khalil">Muhammd Hassan Khalil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Xu%20Jiadong"> Xu Jiadong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Early breast cancer detection is an emerging field of research as it can save the women infected by malignant tumors. Microwave breast imaging is based on the electrical property contrast between healthy and malignant tumor. This contrast can be detected by use of microwave energy with an array of antennas that illuminate the breast through coupling medium and by measuring the scattered fields. In this paper, author has been presented the design and simulation results of the bowtie antenna. This bowtie antenna is designed for the detection of breast cancer detection.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Breast%20cancer%20detection" title="Breast cancer detection">Breast cancer detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microwave%20Imaging" title=" Microwave Imaging"> Microwave Imaging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tomography." title=" Tomography."> Tomography.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16438/design-the-bowtie-antenna-for-the-detection-of-the-tumor-in-microwave-tomography" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16438/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16438/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16438/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16438/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16438/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16438/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16438/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16438/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16438/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16438/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2067</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5550</span> Microwave Dehydration Behavior of Admontite Mineral at 360W</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=E.%20Moroydor%20Derun">E. Moroydor Derun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20T.%20Senberber"> F. T. Senberber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20S.%20Kipcak"> A. S. Kipcak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20Tugrul"> N. Tugrul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Piskin"> S. Piskin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Dehydration behavior gives a hint about thermal properties of materials. It is important for the usage areas and transportation of minerals. Magnesium borates can be used as additive materials in areas such as in the production of superconducting materials, in the composition of detergents, due to the content of boron in the friction-reducing additives in oils and insulating coating compositions due to their good mechanic and thermal properties. In this study, thermal dehydration behavior of admontite (MgO(B2O3)3.7(H2O)), which is a kind of magnesium borate mineral, is experimented by microwave energy at 360W. Structure of admontite is suitable for the investigation of dehydration behavior by microwave because of its seven moles of crystal water. It is seen that admontite lost its 28.7% of weight at the end of the 120 minutes heating in microwave furnace. </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Admontite" title="Admontite">Admontite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dehydration" title=" dehydration"> dehydration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=magnesium%20borate" title=" magnesium borate"> magnesium borate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave." title=" microwave."> microwave.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16262/microwave-dehydration-behavior-of-admontite-mineral-at-360w" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16262/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16262/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16262/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16262/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16262/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16262/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16262/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16262/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16262/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16262/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16262.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5549</span> Microwave Pretreatment of Seeds to Extract High Quality Vegetable Oil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Azadmard-Damirchi">S. Azadmard-Damirchi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20Alirezalu"> K. Alirezalu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20Fathi%20Achachlouei"> B. Fathi Achachlouei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Microwave energy is a superior alternative to several other thermal treatments. Extraction techniques are widely employed for the isolation of bioactive compounds and vegetable oils from oil seeds. Among the different and new available techniques, microwave pretreatment of seeds is a simple and desirable method for production of high quality vegetable oils. Microwave pretreatment for oil extraction has many advantages as follow: improving oil extraction yield and quality, direct extraction capability, lower energy consumption, faster processing time and reduced solvent levels compared with conventional methods. It allows also for better retention and availability of desirable nutraceuticals, such as phytosterols and tocopherols, canolol and phenolic compounds in the extracted oil such as rapeseed oil. This can be a new step to produce nutritional vegetable oils with improved shelf life because of high antioxidant content.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microwave%20pretreatment" title="Microwave pretreatment">Microwave pretreatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=vegetable%20oil%20extraction" title=" vegetable oil extraction"> vegetable oil extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nutraceuticals" title="nutraceuticals">nutraceuticals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=oil%20quality" title=" oil quality"> oil quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5056/microwave-pretreatment-of-seeds-to-extract-high-quality-vegetable-oil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5056/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5056/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5056/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5056/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5056/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5056/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5056/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5056/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5056/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5056/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/5056.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">4907</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5548</span> Characterization of Corn Cobs from Microwave and Potassium Hydroxide Pretreatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Boonyisa%20Wanitwattanarumlug">Boonyisa Wanitwattanarumlug</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Apanee%20Luengnaruemitchai"> Apanee Luengnaruemitchai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sujitra%20Wongkasemjit"> Sujitra Wongkasemjit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The complexity of lignocellulosic biomass requires a pretreatment step to improve the yield of fermentable sugars. The efficient pretreatment of corn cobs using microwave and potassium hydroxide and enzymatic hydrolysis was investigated. The objective of this work was to characterize the optimal condition of pretreatment of corn cobs using microwave and potassium hydroxide enhance enzymatic hydrolysis. Corn cobs were submerged in different potassium hydroxide concentration at varies temperature and resident time. The pretreated corn cobs were hydrolyzed to produce the reducing sugar for analysis. The morphology and microstructure of samples were investigated by Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that lignin and hemicellulose were removed by microwave/potassium hydroxide pretreatment. The crystallinity of the pretreated corn cobs was higher than the untreated. This method was compared with autoclave and conventional heating method. The results indicated that microwave-alkali treatment was an efficient way to improve the enzymatic hydrolysis rate by increasing its accessibility hydrolysis enzymes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Corn%20cobs" title="Corn cobs">Corn cobs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Enzymatic%20hydrolysis" title=" Enzymatic hydrolysis"> Enzymatic hydrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microwave" title=" Microwave"> Microwave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Potassium%20hydroxide" title=" Potassium hydroxide"> Potassium hydroxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pretreatment." title=" Pretreatment."> Pretreatment.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6352/characterization-of-corn-cobs-from-microwave-and-potassium-hydroxide-pretreatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6352/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6352/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6352/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6352/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6352/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6352/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6352/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6352/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6352/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6352/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6352.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5547</span> Coaxial Helix Antenna for Microwave Coagulation Therapy in Liver Tissue Simulations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Chaichanyut">M. Chaichanyut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Tungjitkusolmun"> S. Tungjitkusolmun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is concerned with microwave (MW) ablation for a liver cancer tissue by using helix antenna. The antenna structure supports the propagation of microwave energy at 2.45 GHz. A 1½ turn spiral catheter-based microwave antenna applicator has been developed. We utilize the three-dimensional finite element method (3D FEM) simulation to analyze where the tissue heat flux, lesion pattern and volume destruction during MW ablation. The configurations of helix antenna where Helix air-core antenna and Helix Dielectric-core antenna. The 3D FEMs solutions were based on Maxwell and bio-heat equations. The simulation protocol was power control (10 W, 300s). Our simulation result, both helix antennas have heat flux occurred around the helix antenna and that can be induced the temperature distribution similar (teardrop). The region where the temperature exceeds 50°C the microwave ablation was successful (i.e. complete destruction). The Helix air-core antenna and Helix Dielectric-core antenna, ablation zone or axial ratios (Widest/length) were respectively 0.82 and 0.85; the complete destructions were respectively 4.18 cm<sup>3 </sup>and 5.64 cm<sup>3</sup> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Liver%20cancer" title="Liver cancer">Liver cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Helix%20antenna" title=" Helix antenna"> Helix antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Finite%20element" title=" Finite element"> Finite element</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microwave%20ablation." title=" Microwave ablation. "> Microwave ablation. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003847/coaxial-helix-antenna-for-microwave-coagulation-therapy-in-liver-tissue-simulations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003847/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003847/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003847/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003847/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003847/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003847/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003847/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003847/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003847/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003847/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003847.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1958</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5546</span> Nutritional and Anti-Nutritional Composition of Banana Peels as Influenced by Microwave Drying Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Azza%20A.%20Abou-Arab">Azza A. Abou-Arab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ferial%20M.%20Abu-Salem"> Ferial M. Abu-Salem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The influence of microwave drying methods on the nutritional and anti-nutritional composition and physical characteristics of banana peels was investigated. Banana peels were assessed for physical properties such as yield, pH value, bulk density, water holding capacity (WHC) and oil holding capacity (OHC). The results showed that, the yield of banana peels and pH value was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by microwave drying (11.20% and pH 5.08, respectively) compared with control. Bulk density was increased by microwave drying and recorded 62.03 g/100 ml. The banana peels flour demonstrated that the highest WHC was 8.65 g water/g dry sample and OHC was 6.73 g oil/g dry sample compared to control. The results observed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in moisture, fiber and total carbohydrates content of banana peels; whereas, the rates of ash, protein and fat content were increased after drying by microwave compared with control. The lignin content of banana peels was significantly increased (P < 0.05) by microwave drying and the recorded value was 8.31% dw. The results also revealed that the ascorbic acid content was significantly decreased by microwave drying and recorded 18.32 mg/100 g dw vis. 23.51 mg/100 g dw for control. With regarding the anti-nutrients, phytates, alkaloids, oxalates and hydrogen cyanides levels in banana peels, it was in the threshold value mentioned as safety restrict. These results demonstrated that the levels of phytates, alkaloids, oxalates and hydrogen cyanides were decreased by microwave drying methods which recorded 4.07%, 5.45%, 0.85% and 32.15%, respectively.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Banana%20peels" title="Banana peels">Banana peels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave%20drying" title=" microwave drying"> microwave drying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=physical%20characteristics" title=" physical characteristics"> physical characteristics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nutritional%20composition" title=" nutritional composition"> nutritional composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=anti-nutritional%20composition." title=" anti-nutritional composition. "> anti-nutritional composition. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009238/nutritional-and-anti-nutritional-composition-of-banana-peels-as-influenced-by-microwave-drying-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009238/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009238/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009238/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009238/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009238/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009238/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009238/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009238/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009238/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009238/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10009238.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2784</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5545</span> Bioactive Compounds Content of Citrus Peel as Affected by Drying Processes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Azza%20A.%20Abou-Arab">Azza A. Abou-Arab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Marwa%20H.%20Mahmoud"> Marwa H. Mahmoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ferial%20M.%20Abu-Salem"> Ferial M. Abu-Salem </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present investigation studied the content of bioactive compounds as ascorbic acid, β-carotene, and flavonoids, and the effect of drying methods (microwave, solar, and air oven drying) on its level in citrus peel. These levels were decreased significantly (p <0.05) due to the dried methods. The percentage of ascorbic acid content loss of orange <em>C. Valencia</em> were 46.64, 52.95 and 68.83% with microwave, solar and air oven methods, respectively comparing to fresh samples. Also, the percentages of β- carotene loss of orange <em>C. Valencia</em> were 38.89, 52.42 and 87.14% with microwave, solar and air oven methods, respectively. Total flavonoid content recorded 453.33, 396.67 and 327.50 mg QE/100g dw, with dried by microwave, solar and oven methods, respectively compared with control in orange, <em>C. valencia</em>. These results revealed that microwave drying procedure was the most effective method which maintained citrus bioactive compounds content (ascorbic acid, β-carotene and flavonoid) followed by solar. On the other hand, air oven drying came in the last order due to direct heat treatment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ascorbic%20acid" title="Ascorbic acid">Ascorbic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=%CE%B2-carotene" title=" 尾-carotene"> 尾-carotene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=flavonoids" title=" flavonoids"> flavonoids</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave" title=" microwave"> microwave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=solar" title=" solar"> solar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=air%20oven%20drying." title=" air oven drying. "> air oven drying. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005335/bioactive-compounds-content-of-citrus-peel-as-affected-by-drying-processes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005335/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005335/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005335/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005335/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005335/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005335/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005335/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005335/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005335/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005335/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10005335.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2446</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5544</span> The Effects of Signal Level of the Microwave Generator on the Brillouin Gain Spectrum in BOTDA and BOTDR</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Yucel">M. Yucel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Yucel"> M. Yucel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=N.%20F.%20Ozturk"> N. F. Ozturk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20H.%20Goktas"> H. H. Goktas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C.%20Gemci"> C. Gemci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=F.%20V.%20Celebi"> F. V. Celebi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, Brillouin Gain Spectrum (BGS) is experimentally analyzed in the Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (BOTDR) and Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analyzer (BOTDA). For this purpose, the signal level of the microwave generator is varied and the effects of BGS are investigated. In the setups, 20 km conventional single mode fiber is used to both setups and laser wavelengths are selected around 1550 nm. To achieve best results, it can be used between 5 dBm to 15 dBm signal level of microwave generator for BOTDA and BOTDR setups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microwave%20signal%20level" title="Microwave signal level">Microwave signal level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Brillouin%20gain%20spectrum" title=" Brillouin gain spectrum"> Brillouin gain spectrum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=BOTDA" title=" BOTDA"> BOTDA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=BOTDR." title=" BOTDR."> BOTDR.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003237/the-effects-of-signal-level-of-the-microwave-generator-on-the-brillouin-gain-spectrum-in-botda-and-botdr" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003237/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003237/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003237/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003237/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003237/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003237/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003237/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003237/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003237/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003237/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003237.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1898</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5543</span> Ultra-Low Loss Dielectric Properties of (Mg1-xNix)2(Ti0.95Sn0.05)O4 Microwave Ceramics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bing-Jing%20Li">Bing-Jing Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Sih-Yin%20Wang"> Sih-Yin Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tse-Chun%20Yeh"> Tse-Chun Yeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yuan-Bin%20Chen"> Yuan-Bin Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Microwave dielectric ceramic materials of (Mg1-xNix)2(Ti0.95Sn0.05)O4 for x = 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07 and 0.09 were prepared and sintered at 1250–1400 ºC. The microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of the ceramic materials were examined and measured. The observations shows that the content of Ni2+ ions has little effect on the crystal structure, dielectric constant, temperature coefficient of resonant frequency (τf) and sintering temperatures of the ceramics. However, the quality values (Q×f) are greatly improved due to the addition of Ni2+ ions. The present study showed that the ceramic material prepared for x = 0.05 and sintered at 1325ºC had the best Q×f value of 392,000 GHz, about 23% improvement compared with that of Mg2(Ti0.95Sn0.05)O4.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=%28Mg1-xNix%292%28Ti0.95Sn0.05%29O4" title="(Mg1-xNix)2(Ti0.95Sn0.05)O4">(Mg1-xNix)2(Ti0.95Sn0.05)O4</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave%20dielectric%0D%0Aceramics" title=" microwave dielectric ceramics"> microwave dielectric ceramics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=high%20quality%20factor" title=" high quality factor"> high quality factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=high%20frequency%20wireless%20communication." title=" high frequency wireless communication."> high frequency wireless communication.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999041/ultra-low-loss-dielectric-properties-of-mg1-xnix2ti095sn005o4-microwave-ceramics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999041/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999041/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999041/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999041/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999041/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999041/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999041/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999041/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999041/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999041/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999041.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2012</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5542</span> Separation of Chlorinated Plastics and Immobilization of Heavy Metals in Hazardous Automotive Shredder Residue</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Srinivasa%20Reddy%20Mallampati">Srinivasa Reddy Mallampati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chi-Hyeon%20Lee"> Chi-Hyeon Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nguyen%20Thi%20Thanh%20Truc"> Nguyen Thi Thanh Truc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Byeong-Kyu%20Lee"> Byeong-Kyu Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, feasibility of the selective surface hydrophilization of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) by microwave treatment was evaluated to facilitate the separation from automotive shredder residue (ASR), by the froth flotation. The combination of 60 sec microwave treatment with PAC, a sharp and significant decrease about 16.5掳 contact angle of PVC was observed in ASR plastic compared with other plastics. The microwave treatment with the addition of PAC resulted in a synergetic effect for the froth flotation, which may be a result of the 90% selective separation of PVC from ASR plastics, with 82% purity. While, simple mixing with a nanometallic Ca/CaO/PO4 dispersion mixture immobilized 95-100% of heavy metals in ASR soil/residues. The quantity of heavy metals leached from thermal residues after treatment by nanometallic Ca/CaO/PO4 was lower than the Korean standard regulatory limit for hazardous waste landfills. Microwave treatment can be a simple and effective method for PVC separation from ASR plastics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Automotive%20shredder%20residue" title="Automotive shredder residue">Automotive shredder residue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=microwave%20treatment" title=" microwave treatment"> microwave treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=chlorinated%20plastics" title=" chlorinated plastics"> chlorinated plastics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=separation" title=" separation"> separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=heavy%20metals" title=" heavy metals"> heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Immobilization" title=" Immobilization"> Immobilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=separation." title=" separation."> separation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003164/separation-of-chlorinated-plastics-and-immobilization-of-heavy-metals-in-hazardous-automotive-shredder-residue" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003164/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003164/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003164/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003164/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003164/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10003164/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a 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