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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuckoos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Cuckoos </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuckoos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nightjars_and_allies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nightjars_and_allies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Nightjars and allies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nightjars_and_allies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Swifts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Swifts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Swifts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Swifts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hummingbirds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hummingbirds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Hummingbirds </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hummingbirds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rails,_gallinules,_and_coots" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rails,_gallinules,_and_coots"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Rails, gallinules, and coots </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rails,_gallinules,_and_coots-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Limpkin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Limpkin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Limpkin </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Limpkin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cranes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cranes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Cranes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cranes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stilts_and_avocets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stilts_and_avocets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Stilts and avocets </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stilts_and_avocets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oystercatchers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oystercatchers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 Oystercatchers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oystercatchers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plovers_and_lapwings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plovers_and_lapwings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 Plovers and lapwings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plovers_and_lapwings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sandpipers_and_allies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sandpipers_and_allies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 Sandpipers and allies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sandpipers_and_allies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Skuas_and_jaegers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skuas_and_jaegers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18 Skuas and jaegers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skuas_and_jaegers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Auks,_murres,_and_puffins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Auks,_murres,_and_puffins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19 Auks, murres, and puffins </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Auks,_murres,_and_puffins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gulls,_terns,_and_skimmers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gulls,_terns,_and_skimmers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 20 Gulls, terns, and skimmers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gulls,_terns,_and_skimmers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tropicbirds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tropicbirds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 21 Tropicbirds </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tropicbirds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Loons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Loons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 22 Loons </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Loons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Albatrosses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Albatrosses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 23 Albatrosses </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Albatrosses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Southern_storm-petrels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Southern_storm-petrels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 24 Southern storm-petrels </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Southern_storm-petrels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Northern_storm-petrels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern_storm-petrels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 25 Northern storm-petrels </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northern_storm-petrels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shearwaters_and_petrels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shearwaters_and_petrels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 26 Shearwaters and petrels </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shearwaters_and_petrels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Storks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 27 Storks </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Storks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Frigatebirds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Frigatebirds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 28 Frigatebirds </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Frigatebirds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boobies_and_gannets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boobies_and_gannets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 29 Boobies and gannets </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Boobies_and_gannets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anhingas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anhingas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 30 Anhingas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anhingas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cormorants_and_shags" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cormorants_and_shags"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 31 Cormorants and shags </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cormorants_and_shags-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pelicans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pelicans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 32 Pelicans </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pelicans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Herons,_egrets,_and_bitterns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Herons,_egrets,_and_bitterns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 33 Herons, egrets, and bitterns </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Herons,_egrets,_and_bitterns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ibises_and_spoonbills" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ibises_and_spoonbills"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 34 Ibises and spoonbills </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ibises_and_spoonbills-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_World_vultures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_World_vultures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 35 New World vultures </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_World_vultures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Osprey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Osprey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 36 Osprey </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Osprey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hawks,_eagles,_and_kites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hawks,_eagles,_and_kites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 37 Hawks, eagles, and kites </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hawks,_eagles,_and_kites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Barn-owls" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Barn-owls"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 38 Barn-owls </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Barn-owls-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Owls" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Owls"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 39 Owls </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Owls-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kingfishers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kingfishers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 40 Kingfishers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kingfishers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Woodpeckers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Woodpeckers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 41 Woodpeckers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Woodpeckers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Falcons_and_caracaras" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Falcons_and_caracaras"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 42 Falcons and caracaras </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Falcons_and_caracaras-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tyrant_flycatchers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tyrant_flycatchers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 43 Tyrant flycatchers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tyrant_flycatchers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vireos,_shrike-babblers,_and_erpornis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vireos,_shrike-babblers,_and_erpornis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 44 Vireos, shrike-babblers, and erpornis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vireos,_shrike-babblers,_and_erpornis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shrikes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shrikes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 45 Shrikes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shrikes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crows,_jays,_and_magpies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crows,_jays,_and_magpies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 46 Crows, jays, and magpies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crows,_jays,_and_magpies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tits,_chickadees,_and_titmice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tits,_chickadees,_and_titmice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 47 Tits, chickadees, and titmice </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tits,_chickadees,_and_titmice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Larks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Larks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 48 Larks </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Larks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Swallows" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Swallows"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 49 Swallows </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Swallows-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Long-tailed_tits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Long-tailed_tits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 50 Long-tailed tits </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Long-tailed_tits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leaf_warblers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leaf_warblers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 51 Leaf warblers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leaf_warblers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kinglets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kinglets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 52 Kinglets </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kinglets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Waxwings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Waxwings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 53 Waxwings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Waxwings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Silky-flycatchers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Silky-flycatchers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 54 Silky-flycatchers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Silky-flycatchers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nuthatches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nuthatches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 55 Nuthatches </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nuthatches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Treecreepers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Treecreepers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 56 Treecreepers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Treecreepers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gnatcatchers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gnatcatchers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 57 Gnatcatchers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gnatcatchers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wrens" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wrens"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 58 Wrens </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wrens-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mockingbirds_and_thrashers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mockingbirds_and_thrashers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 59 Mockingbirds and thrashers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mockingbirds_and_thrashers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Starlings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Starlings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 60 Starlings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Starlings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dippers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dippers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 61 Dippers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dippers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Thrushes_and_allies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Thrushes_and_allies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 62 Thrushes and allies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Thrushes_and_allies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Old_World_flycatchers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Old_World_flycatchers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 63 Old World flycatchers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Old_World_flycatchers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accentors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accentors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 64 Accentors </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accentors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Old_World_sparrows" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Old_World_sparrows"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 65 Old World sparrows </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Old_World_sparrows-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wagtails_and_pipits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wagtails_and_pipits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 66 Wagtails and pipits </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wagtails_and_pipits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finches,_euphonias,_and_allies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finches,_euphonias,_and_allies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 67 Finches, euphonias, and allies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finches,_euphonias,_and_allies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Longspurs_and_snow_buntings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Longspurs_and_snow_buntings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 68 Longspurs and snow buntings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Longspurs_and_snow_buntings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Old_World_buntings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Old_World_buntings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 69 Old World buntings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Old_World_buntings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_World_sparrows" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_World_sparrows"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 70 New World sparrows </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_World_sparrows-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yellow-breasted_chat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yellow-breasted_chat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 71 Yellow-breasted chat </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yellow-breasted_chat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Troupials_and_allies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Troupials_and_allies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 72 Troupials and allies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Troupials_and_allies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_World_warblers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_World_warblers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 73 New World warblers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_World_warblers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cardinals_and_allies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cardinals_and_allies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 74 Cardinals and allies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cardinals_and_allies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 75 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 76 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 77 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:18.0em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Biota_of_Canada" title="Category:Biota of Canada">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="padding:0 0.2em 0.4em; font-size:135%; line-height:1.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Canada" title="Wildlife of Canada">Canadian wildlife</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0 0 1.0em;"><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Canada" title="Wildlife of Canada"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Transparentbeverleaf.png/130px-Transparentbeverleaf.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Transparentbeverleaf.png/195px-Transparentbeverleaf.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Transparentbeverleaf.png/260px-Transparentbeverleaf.png 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="4096" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; text-align: center; padding-left:0.4em;;color: var(--color-base)">Biodiversity</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Canada" title="Flora of Canada">Flora</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Canada" title="Fauna of Canada">Fauna</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grasses_of_Canada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grasses of Canada (page does not exist)">Grasses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trees_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Trees of Canada">Trees</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wildflowers_of_Canada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wildflowers of Canada (page does not exist)">Wildflowers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_non-marine_molluscs_of_Canada" title="List of non-marine molluscs of Canada">Molluscs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_ants_of_Canada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of ants of Canada (page does not exist)">Ants</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_odonates_of_Canada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of odonates of Canada (page does not exist)">Odonates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_butterflies_of_Canada" title="List of butterflies of Canada">Butterflies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_moths_of_Canada" title="List of moths of Canada">Moths</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_spiders_of_Canada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of spiders of Canada (page does not exist)">Spiders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fishes_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="List of fishes in Canada">Fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_amphibians_of_Canada" title="List of amphibians of Canada">Amphibians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_reptiles_of_Canada" title="List of reptiles of Canada">Reptiles</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Birds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mammals_of_Canada" title="List of mammals of Canada">Mammals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Wildlife_Species_at_Risk_(Canada)" title="List of Wildlife Species at Risk (Canada)">Endangered species</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquatic_invasive_species_in_Canada" title="Aquatic invasive species in Canada">Aquatic invasive species</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; text-align: center; padding-left:0.4em;;color: var(--color-base)">Conservation</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Canada" title="Protected areas of Canada">Protected areas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Wildlife_Area" title="National Wildlife Area">National Wildlife Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Parks_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="National Parks of Canada">National Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_provincial_parks" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Canadian provincial parks">Provincial parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_animal_sanctuaries#Canada" title="List of animal sanctuaries">Wildlife sanctuaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Migratory_Bird_Sanctuaries_of_Canada" title="List of Migratory Bird Sanctuaries of Canada">Bird sanctuaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nature_centres_in_Canada" title="List of nature centres in Canada">Nature centers</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Ramsar_Wetland_sites_in_Canada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Ramsar Wetland sites in Canada (page does not exist)">Wetland sites</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; text-align: center; padding-left:0.4em;;color: var(--color-base)">Organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist">National <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Association_of_Zoos_and_Aquariums" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Association of Zoos and Aquariums">CAZA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_on_the_Status_of_Endangered_Wildlife_in_Canada" title="Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada">COSEWIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Wildlife_Federation" title="Canadian Wildlife Federation">CWF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Wildlife_Service" title="Canadian Wildlife Service">CWS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_Preservation_Canada" title="Wildlife Preservation Canada">WPC</a></li></ul> International <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Zoos_and_Aquariums" title="Association of Zoos and Aquariums">AZA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CITES" title="CITES">CITES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IUCN" class="mw-redirect" title="IUCN">IUCN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Association_of_Zoos_and_Aquariums" title="World Association of Zoos and Aquariums">WAZA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Society_for_the_Protection_of_Animals" class="mw-redirect" title="World Society for the Protection of Animals">WSPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Fund_for_Nature" title="World Wide Fund for Nature">WWF</a></li></ul> Associated acts <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Wildlife_Act" title="Canada Wildlife Act">Canada Wildlife Act</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa; text-align: center; padding-left:0.4em;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecozones_of_Canada" title="Ecozones of Canada">Ecoregions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_Canada" title="Forestry in Canada">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Canada" title="Tourism in Canada">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boreal_forest_of_Canada" title="Boreal forest of Canada">Canadian Boreal Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_botanical_gardens_in_Canada" title="List of botanical gardens in Canada">Botanical gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_CAZA_member_zoos_and_aquariums" title="List of CAZA member zoos and aquariums">Zoos and Aquaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Canada" title="Environmental issues in Canada">Environmental issues</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/14px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/21px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/28px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="343" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Canada" title="Portal:Canada">Canada portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wildlife_of_Canada" title="Template:Wildlife of Canada"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wildlife_of_Canada" title="Template talk:Wildlife of Canada"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wildlife_of_Canada" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wildlife of Canada"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Perisoreus_canadensis_mercier2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Perisoreus_canadensis_mercier2.jpg/220px-Perisoreus_canadensis_mercier2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Perisoreus_canadensis_mercier2.jpg/330px-Perisoreus_canadensis_mercier2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Perisoreus_canadensis_mercier2.jpg/440px-Perisoreus_canadensis_mercier2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2457" data-file-height="1638" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Canada_jay" title="Canada jay">Canada jay</a> has been proposed as the national bird of Canada.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></figcaption></figure> This is a list of bird species confirmed in <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>. Unless otherwise noted, the list is that of Bird Checklists of the World as of July 2022.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> Of the 704 species listed here, 236 are <a href="/wiki/Vagrancy_(biology)" title="Vagrancy (biology)">accidental</a>. Twelve species were <a href="/wiki/Introduced_species" title="Introduced species">introduced</a> to North America or directly to Canada, three species are <a href="/wiki/Extinction" title="Extinction">extinct</a>, and three (possibly four) have been <a href="/wiki/Local_extinction" title="Local extinction">extirpated</a>. One species of uncertain origin is also included. This list is presented in the <a href="/wiki/Taxonomic_sequence" title="Taxonomic sequence">taxonomic sequence</a> of the Check-list of North and Middle American Birds, 7th edition through the 63rd Supplement, published by the <a href="/wiki/American_Ornithological_Society" title="American Ornithological Society">American Ornithological Society</a> (AOS).<a href="#cite_note-NACC-3">[3]</a> Common and scientific names are also those of the Check-list, except that the common names of families are from the <a href="/wiki/Clements_taxonomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Clements taxonomy">Clements taxonomy</a> because the AOS list does not include them. Canadian <a href="/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">birds</a> most closely resemble those of <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a>, which was connected to the continent as part of the <a href="/wiki/Supercontinent" title="Supercontinent">supercontinent</a> <a href="/wiki/Laurasia" title="Laurasia">Laurasia</a> until around 60 million years ago.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> Many families which occur in Canada are also found throughout the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere">Northern Hemisphere</a> or worldwide. However, some families are unique to the <a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a>; those represented in this list are the <a href="/wiki/Hummingbird" title="Hummingbird">hummingbirds</a>, the <a href="/wiki/New_World_vulture" title="New World vulture">New World vultures</a>, the <a href="/wiki/New_World_quail" title="New World quail">New World quail</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tyrant_flycatcher" title="Tyrant flycatcher">tyrant flycatchers</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mimid" title="Mimid">mimids</a>, the <a href="/wiki/New_World_warbler" title="New World warbler">wood-warblers</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Cardinalidae" title="Cardinalidae">cardinals</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Icterid" title="Icterid">icterids</a>.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> Three species on the list (Ross's goose, whooping crane, and Harris's sparrow) breed only in Canada.<a href="#cite_note-NACC-3">[3]</a> The extinct Labrador duck is also believed to have been a breeding <a href="/wiki/Endemism" title="Endemism">endemic</a>, though its breeding areas are not known.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> Unless otherwise noted, all species listed below are considered to occur regularly in Canada as permanent residents, summer or winter visitors, or migrants. These tags are used to annotate some species: <ul><li>(A) Accidental - a species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Canada</li> <li>(I) Introduced - a species introduced to Canada as a consequence, direct or indirect, of human actions</li> <li>(E) Extinct - a recent species which no longer exists</li> <li>(Ex) Extirpated - a species which no longer occurs in Canada but exists elsewhere</li></ul> Population status symbols are those of the Red List published by the <a href="/wiki/IUCN_red_list" class="mw-redirect" title="IUCN red list">International Union for Conservation of Nature</a> (IUCN).<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> The symbols apply to the species' worldwide status, not their status solely in Canada. The symbols and their meanings, in decreasing order of peril, are: <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <td>EX</td> <td>Extinct</td> <td>No reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. </td></tr> <tr> <td>EW</td> <td>Extinct in the wild</td> <td>Known only to survive in captivity or as a naturalized population well outside its previous range. </td></tr> <tr> <td>CR</td> <td>Critically endangered</td> <td>The species is in imminent risk of extinction in the wild. </td></tr> <tr> <td>EN</td> <td>Endangered</td> <td>The species is facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild. </td></tr> <tr> <td>VU</td> <td>Vulnerable</td> <td>The species is facing a high risk of extinction in the wild. </td></tr> <tr> <td>NT</td> <td>Near threatened</td> <td>The species does not meet any of the criteria that would categorise it as risking extinction but it is likely to do so in the future. </td></tr> <tr> <td>LC</td> <td>Least concern</td> <td>There are no current identifiable risks to the species. </td></tr> <tr> <td>DD</td> <td>Data deficient</td> <td>There is inadequate information to make an assessment of the risks to this species. </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1119456059">.mw-parser-output .tocnumber{display:none}.mw-parser-output #toc ul,.mw-parser-output .toc ul{line-height:1.5em;list-style:none;margin:.3em 0 0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist #toc ul ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist .toc ul ul{margin:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1097603156">.mw-parser-output .horizontal-toc-align-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .horizontal-toc-align-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .horizontal-toc-align-center{clear:none}.mw-parser-output .horizontal-toc-align-center .toc{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .horizontal-toc-clear-right{clear:right}.mw-parser-output .horizontal-toc-clear-left{clear:left}.mw-parser-output .horizontal-toc-clear-both{clear:both}.mw-parser-output .horizontal-toc-clear-none{clear:none}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist horizontal-toc"><meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ducks,_geese,_and_waterfowl">Ducks, geese, and waterfowl</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Ducks, geese, and waterfowl">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trumpeter_Swan_Sasata.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Trumpeter_Swan_Sasata.jpg/220px-Trumpeter_Swan_Sasata.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Trumpeter_Swan_Sasata.jpg/330px-Trumpeter_Swan_Sasata.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Trumpeter_Swan_Sasata.jpg/440px-Trumpeter_Swan_Sasata.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="3162" /></a><figcaption>Trumpeter swan</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Woodduck95.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Woodduck95.jpg/220px-Woodduck95.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Woodduck95.jpg/330px-Woodduck95.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Woodduck95.jpg/440px-Woodduck95.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1875" /></a><figcaption>Wood duck pair (female on right, male on left)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bristol.zoo.common.eider.arp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Bristol.zoo.common.eider.arp.jpg/220px-Bristol.zoo.common.eider.arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Bristol.zoo.common.eider.arp.jpg/330px-Bristol.zoo.common.eider.arp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Bristol.zoo.common.eider.arp.jpg/440px-Bristol.zoo.common.eider.arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1897" data-file-height="1543" /></a><figcaption>Common eider</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Anseriformes" title="Anseriformes">Anseriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Anatidae" title="Anatidae">Anatidae</a> The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, bills which are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black-bellied_whistling-duck" class="mw-redirect" title="Black-bellied whistling-duck">Black-bellied whistling-duck</a>, Dendrocygna autumnalis (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulvous_whistling-duck" class="mw-redirect" title="Fulvous whistling-duck">Fulvous whistling-duck</a>, Dendrocygna bicolor (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emperor_goose" title="Emperor goose">Emperor goose</a>, Anser canagica (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_goose" title="Snow goose">Snow goose</a>, Anser caerulescens LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross%27s_goose" title="Ross's goose">Ross's goose</a>, Anser rossii LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greylag_goose" title="Greylag goose">Greylag goose</a>, Anser anser (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_white-fronted_goose" title="Greater white-fronted goose">Greater white-fronted goose</a>, Anser albifrons LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiga_bean-goose" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiga bean-goose">Taiga bean-goose</a>, Anser fabalis (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tundra_bean-goose" class="mw-redirect" title="Tundra bean-goose">Tundra bean-goose</a>, Anser serrirostris (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink-footed_goose" title="Pink-footed goose">Pink-footed goose</a>, Anser brachyrhynchus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brant_(goose)" title="Brant (goose)">Brant</a>, Branta bernicla LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnacle_goose" title="Barnacle goose">Barnacle goose</a>, Branta leucopsis (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cackling_goose" title="Cackling goose">Cackling goose</a>, Branta hutchinsii LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_goose" title="Canada goose">Canada goose</a>, Branta canadensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mute_swan" title="Mute swan">Mute swan</a>, Cygnus olor (I) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumpeter_swan" title="Trumpeter swan">Trumpeter swan</a>, Cygnus buccinator LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tundra_swan" title="Tundra swan">Tundra swan</a>, Cygnus columbianus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whooper_swan" title="Whooper swan">Whooper swan</a>, Cygnus cygnus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruddy_shelduck" title="Ruddy shelduck">Ruddy shelduck</a>, Tadorna ferruginea (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_shelduck" title="Common shelduck">Common shelduck</a>, Tadorna tadorna (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_duck" title="Wood duck">Wood duck</a>, Aix sponsa LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baikal_teal" title="Baikal teal">Baikal teal</a>, Sibirionetta formosa (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garganey" title="Garganey">Garganey</a>, Spatula querquedula (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue-winged_teal" title="Blue-winged teal">Blue-winged teal</a>, Spatula discors LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinnamon_teal" title="Cinnamon teal">Cinnamon teal</a>, Spatula cyanoptera LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_shoveler" title="Northern shoveler">Northern shoveler</a>, Spatula clypeata LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadwall" title="Gadwall">Gadwall</a>, Mareca strepera LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcated_duck" title="Falcated duck">Falcated duck</a>, Mareca falcata (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_wigeon" title="Eurasian wigeon">Eurasian wigeon</a>, Mareca penelope LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_wigeon" title="American wigeon">American wigeon</a>, Mareca americana LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallard" title="Mallard">Mallard</a>, Anas platyrhynchos LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_black_duck" title="American black duck">American black duck</a>, Anas rubripes LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mottled_duck" title="Mottled duck">Mottled duck</a>, Anas fulvigula (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_pintail" title="Northern pintail">Northern pintail</a>, Anas acuta LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green-winged_teal" title="Green-winged teal">Green-winged teal</a>, Anas crecca LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canvasback" title="Canvasback">Canvasback</a>, Aythya valisineria LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redhead_(bird)" title="Redhead (bird)">Redhead</a>, Aythya americana LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_pochard" title="Common pochard">Common pochard</a>, Aythya ferina (A) VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring-necked_duck" title="Ring-necked duck">Ring-necked duck</a>, Aythya collaris LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tufted_duck" title="Tufted duck">Tufted duck</a>, Aythya fuligula (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_scaup" title="Greater scaup">Greater scaup</a>, Aythya marila LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesser_scaup" title="Lesser scaup">Lesser scaup</a>, Aythya affinis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steller%27s_eider" title="Steller's eider">Steller's eider</a>, Polysticta stelleri (A) VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectacled_eider" title="Spectacled eider">Spectacled eider</a>, Somateria fischeri (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_eider" title="King eider">King eider</a>, Somateria spectabilis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_eider" title="Common eider">Common eider</a>, Somateria mollissima NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlequin_duck" title="Harlequin duck">Harlequin duck</a>, Histrionicus histrionicus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labrador_duck" title="Labrador duck">Labrador duck</a>, Camptorhynchus labradorius (E) EX</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surf_scoter" title="Surf scoter">Surf scoter</a>, Melanitta perspicillata LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-winged_scoter" title="White-winged scoter">White-winged scoter</a>, Melanitta deglandi LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_scoter" title="Common scoter">Common scoter</a>, Melanitta nigra LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_scoter" title="Black scoter">Black scoter</a>, Melanitta americana NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-tailed_duck" title="Long-tailed duck">Long-tailed duck</a>, Clangula hyemalis VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bufflehead" title="Bufflehead">Bufflehead</a>, Bucephala albeola LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_goldeneye" title="Common goldeneye">Common goldeneye</a>, Bucephala clangula LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrow%27s_goldeneye" title="Barrow's goldeneye">Barrow's goldeneye</a>, Bucephala islandica LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smew" title="Smew">Smew</a>, Mergellus albellus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooded_merganser" title="Hooded merganser">Hooded merganser</a>, Lophodytes cucullatus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_merganser" title="Common merganser">Common merganser</a>, Mergus merganser LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-breasted_merganser" title="Red-breasted merganser">Red-breasted merganser</a>, Mergus serrator LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruddy_duck" title="Ruddy duck">Ruddy duck</a>, Oxyura jamaicensis LC</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="New_World_quail">New World quail</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: New World quail">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Callipepla_californica1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Callipepla_californica1.jpg/220px-Callipepla_californica1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Callipepla_californica1.jpg/330px-Callipepla_californica1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Callipepla_californica1.jpg/440px-Callipepla_californica1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>California quail</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Galliformes" title="Galliformes">Galliformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Odontophoridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Odontophoridae">Odontophoridae</a> The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_quail" title="Mountain quail">Mountain quail</a>, Oreortyx ictus (I)<a href="#cite_note-8">[note 1]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a> LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_bobwhite" title="Northern bobwhite">Northern bobwhite</a>, Colinus virginianus NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_quail" title="California quail">California quail</a>, Callipepla californica (I)<a href="#cite_note-10">[note 2]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[9]</a> LC</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pheasants,_grouse,_and_allies">Pheasants, grouse, and allies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Pheasants, grouse, and allies">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wild_turkey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Wild_turkey.jpg/220px-Wild_turkey.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Wild_turkey.jpg/330px-Wild_turkey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Wild_turkey.jpg/440px-Wild_turkey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1677" /></a><figcaption>Wild turkey</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Galliformes" title="Galliformes">Galliformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Phasianidae" title="Phasianidae">Phasianidae</a> Phasianidae consists of the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump with broad relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds or have been domesticated as a food source for humans. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wild_turkey" title="Wild turkey">Wild turkey</a>, Meleagris gallopavo LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruffed_grouse" title="Ruffed grouse">Ruffed grouse</a>, Bonasa umbellus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_sage-grouse" title="Greater sage-grouse">Greater sage-grouse</a>, Centrocercus urophasianus NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spruce_grouse" title="Spruce grouse">Spruce grouse</a>, Canachites canadensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willow_ptarmigan" title="Willow ptarmigan">Willow ptarmigan</a>, Lagopus lagopus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_ptarmigan" title="Rock ptarmigan">Rock ptarmigan</a>, Lagopus muta LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-tailed_ptarmigan" title="White-tailed ptarmigan">White-tailed ptarmigan</a>, Lagopus leucura LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dusky_grouse" title="Dusky grouse">Dusky grouse</a>, Dendragapus obscurus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sooty_grouse" title="Sooty grouse">Sooty grouse</a>, Dendragapus fuliginosus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharp-tailed_grouse" title="Sharp-tailed grouse">Sharp-tailed grouse</a>, Tympanuchus phasianellus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_prairie-chicken" title="Greater prairie-chicken">Greater prairie-chicken</a>, Tympanuchus cupido (Ex)<a href="#cite_note-12">[note 3]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[10]</a> NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_partridge" title="Grey partridge">Grey partridge</a>, Perdix perdix (I) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring-necked_pheasant" class="mw-redirect" title="Ring-necked pheasant">Ring-necked pheasant</a>, Phasianus colchicus (I) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_pheasant" title="Silver pheasant">Silver pheasant</a>, Lophura nycthemera (I) (LC)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chukar_partridge" title="Chukar partridge">Chukar</a>, Alectoris chukar (I) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Flamingos">Flamingos</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Flamingos">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Phoenicopteriformes" title="Phoenicopteriformes">Phoenicopteriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Phoenicopteridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenicopteridae">Phoenicopteridae</a> Flamingos (genus Phoenicopterus monotypic in family Phoenicopteridae) are gregarious wading birds, usually 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 m) tall, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly-shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume and, uniquely, are used upside-down. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_flamingo" title="American flamingo">American flamingo</a>, Phoenicopterus ruber (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Grebes">Grebes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Grebes">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ClarksGrebe23.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/ClarksGrebe23.jpg/220px-ClarksGrebe23.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/ClarksGrebe23.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="222" /></a><figcaption>Clark's grebe</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Podicipediformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Podicipediformes">Podicipediformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Podicipedidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Podicipedidae">Podicipedidae</a> Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pied-billed_grebe" title="Pied-billed grebe">Pied-billed grebe</a>, Podilymbus podiceps LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horned_grebe" title="Horned grebe">Horned grebe</a>, Podiceps auritus VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-necked_grebe" title="Red-necked grebe">Red-necked grebe</a>, Podiceps grisegena LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eared_grebe" class="mw-redirect" title="Eared grebe">Eared grebe</a>, Podiceps nigricollis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_grebe" title="Western grebe">Western grebe</a>, Aechmophorus occidentalis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark%27s_grebe" title="Clark's grebe">Clark's grebe</a>, Aechmophorus clarkii LC</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pigeons_and_doves">Pigeons and doves</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Pigeons and doves">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Columbiformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Columbiformes">Columbiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Columbidae" title="Columbidae">Columbidae</a> Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_pigeon" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock pigeon">Rock pigeon</a>, Columba livia (I) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_wood_pigeon" title="Common wood pigeon">Common wood pigeon</a>, Columba palumbus (A)<a href="#cite_note-NACC-3">[3]</a> LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-crowned_pigeon" title="White-crowned pigeon">White-crowned pigeon</a>, Patagioenas leucocephala (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Band-tailed_pigeon" title="Band-tailed pigeon">Band-tailed pigeon</a>, Patagioenas fasciata LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_turtle-dove" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental turtle-dove">Oriental turtle-dove</a>, Streptopelia orientalis (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_collared-dove" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurasian collared-dove">Eurasian collared-dove</a>, Streptopelia decaocto (I) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passenger_pigeon" title="Passenger pigeon">Passenger pigeon</a>, Ectopistes migratorius (E) EX</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inca_dove" title="Inca dove">Inca dove</a>, Columbina inca (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ground_dove" title="Common ground dove">Common ground dove</a>, Columbina passerina (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-winged_dove" title="White-winged dove">White-winged dove</a>, Zenaida asiatica (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mourning_dove" title="Mourning dove">Mourning dove</a>, Zenaida macroura LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cuckoos">Cuckoos</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Cuckoos">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BlackbilledCuckoo23.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/BlackbilledCuckoo23.jpg/220px-BlackbilledCuckoo23.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/BlackbilledCuckoo23.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="204" /></a><figcaption>Black-billed cuckoo</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Cuculiformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuculiformes">Cuculiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Cuculidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuculidae">Cuculidae</a> The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners, and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails, and strong legs. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Groove-billed_ani" title="Groove-billed ani">Groove-billed ani</a>, Crotophaga sulcirostris (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_cuckoo" title="Common cuckoo">Common cuckoo</a>, Cuculus canorus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-billed_cuckoo" title="Yellow-billed cuckoo">Yellow-billed cuckoo</a>, Coccyzus americanus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-billed_cuckoo" title="Black-billed cuckoo">Black-billed cuckoo</a>, Coccyzus erythropthalmus LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nightjars_and_allies">Nightjars and allies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Nightjars and allies">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Caprimulgiformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Caprimulgiformes">Caprimulgiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Caprimulgidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Caprimulgidae">Caprimulgidae</a> Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs, and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is cryptically coloured to resemble bark or leaves. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lesser_nighthawk" title="Lesser nighthawk">Lesser nighthawk</a>, Chordeiles acutipennis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_nighthawk" title="Common nighthawk">Common nighthawk</a>, Chordeiles minor LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_poorwill" title="Common poorwill">Common poorwill</a>, Phalaenoptilus nuttallii LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck-will%27s-widow" title="Chuck-will's-widow">Chuck-will's-widow</a>, Antrostomus carolinensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_whip-poor-will" title="Eastern whip-poor-will">Eastern whip-poor-will</a>, Antrostomus vociferus NT</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Swifts">Swifts</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Swifts">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Apodiformes" title="Apodiformes">Apodiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Apodidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Apodidae">Apodidae</a> The swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_black_swift" title="American black swift">Black swift</a>, Cypseloides niger VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-collared_swift" title="White-collared swift">White-collared swift</a>, Streptoprocne zonaris (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimney_swift" title="Chimney swift">Chimney swift</a>, Chaetura pelagica VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaux%27s_swift" title="Vaux's swift">Vaux's swift</a>, Chaetura vauxi LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_swift" title="Common swift">Common swift</a>, Apus apus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_swift" title="Pacific swift">Pacific swift</a>, Apus pacificus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_swift" title="House swift">House swift</a>, Apus nipalensis <a href="#cite_note-14">[note 4]</a><a href="#cite_note-NACC-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[11]</a> LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-throated_swift" title="White-throated swift">White-throated swift</a>, Aeronautes saxatalis LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hummingbirds">Hummingbirds</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Hummingbirds">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rubythroathummer65.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Rubythroathummer65.jpg/220px-Rubythroathummer65.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/87/Rubythroathummer65.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="230" /></a><figcaption>Ruby-throated hummingbird</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Apodiformes" title="Apodiformes">Apodiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Trochilidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Trochilidae">Trochilidae</a> Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_violetear" title="Mexican violetear">Mexican violetear</a>, Colibri thalassinus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivoli%27s_hummingbird" title="Rivoli's hummingbird">Rivoli's hummingbird</a>, Eugenes fulgens (A) (Not yet assessed by the IUCN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amethyst-throated_mountain-gem" class="mw-redirect" title="Amethyst-throated mountain-gem">Amethyst-throated mountain-gem</a>, Lampornis amethystinus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruby-throated_hummingbird" title="Ruby-throated hummingbird">Ruby-throated hummingbird</a>, Archilochus colubris LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-chinned_hummingbird" title="Black-chinned hummingbird">Black-chinned hummingbird</a>, Archilochus alexandri LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna%27s_hummingbird" title="Anna's hummingbird">Anna's hummingbird</a>, Calypte anna LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa%27s_hummingbird" title="Costa's hummingbird">Costa's hummingbird</a>, Calypte costae (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calliope_hummingbird" title="Calliope hummingbird">Calliope hummingbird</a>, Selasphorus calliope LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufous_hummingbird" title="Rufous hummingbird">Rufous hummingbird</a>, Selasphorus rufus NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broad-tailed_hummingbird" title="Broad-tailed hummingbird">Broad-tailed hummingbird</a>, Selasphorus platycercus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broad-billed_hummingbird" title="Broad-billed hummingbird">Broad-billed hummingbird</a>, Cynanthus latirostris (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xantus%27s_hummingbird" title="Xantus's hummingbird">Xantus's hummingbird</a>, Basilinna xantusii (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rails,_gallinules,_and_coots">Rails, gallinules, and coots</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Rails, gallinules, and coots">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KingRail23.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/KingRail23.jpg/170px-KingRail23.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/KingRail23.jpg/255px-KingRail23.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/KingRail23.jpg/340px-KingRail23.jpg 2x" data-file-width="447" data-file-height="476" /></a><figcaption>King rail</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Gruiformes" title="Gruiformes">Gruiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Rallidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Rallidae">Rallidae</a> Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. Typically, family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, and rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak flyers. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clapper_rail" title="Clapper rail">Clapper rail</a>, Rallus crepitans (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_rail" title="King rail">King rail</a>, Rallus elegans NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_rail" title="Virginia rail">Virginia rail</a>, Rallus limicola LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_crake" title="Corn crake">Corn crake</a>, Crex crex (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sora_(bird)" title="Sora (bird)">Sora</a>, Porzana carolina LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_gallinule" title="Common gallinule">Common gallinule</a>, Gallinula galeata LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_coot" title="Eurasian coot">Eurasian coot</a>, Fulica atra (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_coot" title="American coot">American coot</a>, Fulica americana LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_purple_gallinule" title="American purple gallinule">Purple gallinule</a>, Porphyrio martinicus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_rail" title="Yellow rail">Yellow rail</a>, Coturnicops noveboracensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_rail" title="Black rail">Black rail</a>, Laterallus jamaicensis (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Limpkin">Limpkin</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Limpkin">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Myakka_Limpkin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/Myakka_Limpkin.jpg/170px-Myakka_Limpkin.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/Myakka_Limpkin.jpg/255px-Myakka_Limpkin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/Myakka_Limpkin.jpg/340px-Myakka_Limpkin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2004" data-file-height="2013" /></a><figcaption>Limpkin</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Gruiformes" title="Gruiformes">Gruiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Aramidae" title="Aramidae">Aramidae</a> The limpkin is an odd bird that looks like a large <a href="/wiki/Rail_(bird)" title="Rail (bird)">rail</a>, but is skeletally closer to the <a href="/wiki/Crane_(bird)" title="Crane (bird)">cranes</a>. It is found in marshes with some trees or scrub in the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>, and southern <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Limpkin" title="Limpkin">Limpkin</a>, Aramus guarauna (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cranes">Cranes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Cranes">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Gruiformes" title="Gruiformes">Gruiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Gruidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Gruidae">Gruidae</a> Cranes are large, long-legged, and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking, but unrelated, herons, cranes fly with their necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sandhill_crane" title="Sandhill crane">Sandhill crane</a>, Antigone canadensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_crane" title="Common crane">Common crane</a>, Grus grus (C) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whooping_crane" title="Whooping crane">Whooping crane</a>, Grus americana EN</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Stilts_and_avocets">Stilts and avocets</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Stilts and avocets">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AmericanAvocet23.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/AmericanAvocet23.jpg/220px-AmericanAvocet23.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/59/AmericanAvocet23.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="153" /></a><figcaption>American avocet</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Charadriiformes" title="Charadriiformes">Charadriiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Recurvirostridae" title="Recurvirostridae">Recurvirostridae</a> Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black-necked_stilt" title="Black-necked stilt">Black-necked stilt</a>, Himantopus mexicanus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_avocet" title="American avocet">American avocet</a>, Recurvirostra americana LC</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oystercatchers">Oystercatchers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Oystercatchers">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Charadriiformes" title="Charadriiformes">Charadriiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Haematopodidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Haematopodidae">Haematopodidae</a> The oystercatchers are large, obvious and noisy <a href="/wiki/Plover" title="Plover">plover</a>-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prying open <a href="/wiki/Mollusc" class="mw-redirect" title="Mollusc">molluscs</a>. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_oystercatcher" title="Eurasian oystercatcher">Eurasian oystercatcher</a>, Haematopus ostralegus (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_oystercatcher" title="American oystercatcher">American oystercatcher</a>, Haematopus palliatus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_oystercatcher" title="Black oystercatcher">Black oystercatcher</a>, Haematopus bachmani LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Plovers_and_lapwings">Plovers and lapwings</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Plovers and lapwings">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Killdeer59.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Killdeer59.jpg/220px-Killdeer59.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5b/Killdeer59.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="245" data-file-height="228" /></a><figcaption>Killdeer</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Charadriiformes" title="Charadriiformes">Charadriiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Charadriidae" title="Charadriidae">Charadriidae</a> The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short thick necks, and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_lapwing" title="Northern lapwing">Northern lapwing</a>, Vanellus vanellus (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-bellied_plover" class="mw-redirect" title="Black-bellied plover">Black-bellied plover</a>, Pluvialis squatarola LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_golden-plover" class="mw-redirect" title="European golden-plover">European golden-plover</a>, Pluvialis apricaria (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_golden-plover" class="mw-redirect" title="American golden-plover">American golden-plover</a>, Pluvialis dominica LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_golden-plover" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific golden-plover">Pacific golden-plover</a>, Pluvialis fulva (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_dotterel" title="Eurasian dotterel">Eurasian dotterel</a>, Charadrius morinellus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killdeer" title="Killdeer">Killdeer</a>, Charadrius vociferus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ringed_plover" title="Common ringed plover">Common ringed plover</a>, Charadrius hiaticula LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semipalmated_plover" title="Semipalmated plover">Semipalmated plover</a>, Charadrius semipalmatus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piping_plover" title="Piping plover">Piping plover</a>, Charadrius melodus NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesser_sand-plover" class="mw-redirect" title="Lesser sand-plover">Lesser sand-plover</a>, Charadrius mongolus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson%27s_plover" title="Wilson's plover">Wilson's plover</a>, Charadrius wilsonia (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowy_plover" title="Snowy plover">Snowy plover</a>, Charadrius nivosus (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_plover" title="Mountain plover">Mountain plover</a>, Charadrius montanus NT</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sandpipers_and_allies">Sandpipers and allies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Sandpipers and allies">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GreaterYellowlegs23.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/GreaterYellowlegs23.jpg/220px-GreaterYellowlegs23.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/GreaterYellowlegs23.jpg/330px-GreaterYellowlegs23.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/68/GreaterYellowlegs23.jpg 2x" data-file-width="359" data-file-height="305" /></a><figcaption>Greater yellowlegs</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rnphalarope04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Rnphalarope04.jpg/220px-Rnphalarope04.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Rnphalarope04.jpg/330px-Rnphalarope04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Rnphalarope04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="326" /></a><figcaption>Red-necked phalarope</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Charadriiformes" title="Charadriiformes">Charadriiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Scolopacidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Scolopacidae">Scolopacidae</a> Scolopacidae is a large, diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers, and phalaropes. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Different lengths of legs and bills enable multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without directly competing for food. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Upland_sandpiper" title="Upland sandpiper">Upland sandpiper</a>, Bartramia longicauda LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bristle-thighed_curlew" title="Bristle-thighed curlew">Bristle-thighed curlew</a>, Numenius tahitiensis (A) VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudsonian_whimbrel" title="Hudsonian whimbrel">Whimbrel</a>, Numenius phaeopus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eskimo_curlew" title="Eskimo curlew">Eskimo curlew</a>, Numenius borealis (Possibly extinct) CR</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-billed_curlew" title="Long-billed curlew">Long-billed curlew</a>, Numenius americanus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_Eastern_curlew" title="Far Eastern curlew">Far Eastern curlew</a>, Numenius madagascariensis (A) EN</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slender-billed_curlew" title="Slender-billed curlew">Slender-billed curlew</a>, Numenius tenuirostris (A) CR</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_curlew" title="Eurasian curlew">Eurasian curlew</a>, Numenius arquata (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar-tailed_godwit" title="Bar-tailed godwit">Bar-tailed godwit</a>, Limosa lapponica (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-tailed_godwit" title="Black-tailed godwit">Black-tailed godwit</a>, Limosa limosa (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudsonian_godwit" title="Hudsonian godwit">Hudsonian godwit</a>, Limosa haemastica LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marbled_godwit" title="Marbled godwit">Marbled godwit</a>, Limosa fedoa LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruddy_turnstone" title="Ruddy turnstone">Ruddy turnstone</a>, Arenaria interpres LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_turnstone" title="Black turnstone">Black turnstone</a>, Arenaria melanocephala LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_knot" title="Great knot">Great knot</a>, Calidris tenuirostris (A) EN</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_knot" title="Red knot">Red knot</a>, Calidris canutus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surfbird" title="Surfbird">Surfbird</a>, Calidris virgata LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruff_(bird)" title="Ruff (bird)">Ruff</a>, Calidris pugnax LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharp-tailed_sandpiper" title="Sharp-tailed sandpiper">Sharp-tailed sandpiper</a>, Calidris acuminata VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stilt_sandpiper" title="Stilt sandpiper">Stilt sandpiper</a>, Calidris himantopus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curlew_sandpiper" title="Curlew sandpiper">Curlew sandpiper</a>, Calidris ferruginea (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temminck%27s_stint" title="Temminck's stint">Temminck's stint</a>, Calidris temminckii (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoon-billed_sandpiper" title="Spoon-billed sandpiper">Spoon-billed sandpiper</a>, Calidris pygmaea (A) CR</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-necked_stint" title="Red-necked stint">Red-necked stint</a>, Calidris ruficollis (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanderling" title="Sanderling">Sanderling</a>, Calidris alba LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunlin" title="Dunlin">Dunlin</a>, Calidris alpina LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_sandpiper" title="Rock sandpiper">Rock sandpiper</a>, Calidris ptilocnemis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purple_sandpiper" title="Purple sandpiper">Purple sandpiper</a>, Calidris maritima LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baird%27s_sandpiper" title="Baird's sandpiper">Baird's sandpiper</a>, Calidris bairdii LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_stint" title="Little stint">Little stint</a>, Calidris minuta (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Least_sandpiper" title="Least sandpiper">Least sandpiper</a>, Calidris minutilla LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-rumped_sandpiper" title="White-rumped sandpiper">White-rumped sandpiper</a>, Calidris fuscicollis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buff-breasted_sandpiper" title="Buff-breasted sandpiper">Buff-breasted sandpiper</a>, Calidris subruficollis NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pectoral_sandpiper" title="Pectoral sandpiper">Pectoral sandpiper</a>, Calidris melanotos LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semipalmated_sandpiper" title="Semipalmated sandpiper">Semipalmated sandpiper</a>, Calidris pusilla NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_sandpiper" title="Western sandpiper">Western sandpiper</a>, Calidris mauri LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short-billed_dowitcher" title="Short-billed dowitcher">Short-billed dowitcher</a>, Limnodromus griseus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-billed_dowitcher" title="Long-billed dowitcher">Long-billed dowitcher</a>, Limnodromus scolopaceus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_snipe" title="Jack snipe">Jack snipe</a>, Lymnocryptes minimus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_woodcock" title="Eurasian woodcock">Eurasian woodcock</a>, Scolopax rusticola (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_woodcock" title="American woodcock">American woodcock</a>, Scolopax minor LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_snipe" title="Common snipe">Common snipe</a>, Gallinago gallinago (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson%27s_snipe" title="Wilson's snipe">Wilson's snipe</a>, Gallinago delicata LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terek_sandpiper" title="Terek sandpiper">Terek sandpiper</a>, Xenus cinereus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotted_sandpiper" title="Spotted sandpiper">Spotted sandpiper</a>, Actitis macularius LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solitary_sandpiper" title="Solitary sandpiper">Solitary sandpiper</a>, Tringa solitaria LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey-tailed_tattler" title="Grey-tailed tattler">Grey-tailed tattler</a>, Tringa brevipes (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wandering_tattler" title="Wandering tattler">Wandering tattler</a>, Tringa incana LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesser_yellowlegs" title="Lesser yellowlegs">Lesser yellowlegs</a>, Tringa flavipes LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willet" title="Willet">Willet</a>, Tringa semipalmata LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotted_redshank" title="Spotted redshank">Spotted redshank</a>, Tringa erythropus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_greenshank" title="Common greenshank">Common greenshank</a>, Tringa nebularia (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_yellowlegs" title="Greater yellowlegs">Greater yellowlegs</a>, Tringa melanoleuca LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_redshank" title="Common redshank">Common redshank</a>, Tringa totanus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsh_sandpiper" title="Marsh sandpiper">Marsh sandpiper</a>, Tringa stagnatilis (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_sandpiper" title="Wood sandpiper">Wood sandpiper</a>, Tringa glareola (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson%27s_phalarope" title="Wilson's phalarope">Wilson's phalarope</a>, Phalaropus tricolor LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-necked_phalarope" title="Red-necked phalarope">Red-necked phalarope</a>, Phalaropus lobatus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_phalarope" title="Red phalarope">Red phalarope</a>, Phalaropus fulicarius LC</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skuas_and_jaegers">Skuas and jaegers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Skuas and jaegers">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Charadriiformes" title="Charadriiformes">Charadriiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Stercorariidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Stercorariidae">Stercorariidae</a> Skuas are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with grey or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They have longish bills with hooked tips and webbed feet with sharp claws. They look like large dark gulls, but have a fleshy <a href="/wiki/Cere" class="mw-redirect" title="Cere">cere</a> above the upper mandible. They are strong, acrobatic fliers. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_skua" title="Great skua">Great skua</a>, Stercorarius skua (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_polar_skua" title="South polar skua">South polar skua</a>, Stercorarius maccormicki LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_skua" title="Brown skua">Brown skua</a>, Stercorarius lonnbergi (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomarine_jaeger" title="Pomarine jaeger">Pomarine jaeger</a>, Stercorarius pomarinus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parasitic_jaeger" title="Parasitic jaeger">Parasitic jaeger</a>, Stercorarius parasiticus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-tailed_jaeger" title="Long-tailed jaeger">Long-tailed jaeger</a>, Stercorarius longicaudus LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Auks,_murres,_and_puffins">Auks, murres, and puffins</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Auks, murres, and puffins">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pigeon_Guillemots,Vancouver_2008_155.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Pigeon_Guillemots%2CVancouver_2008_155.jpg/220px-Pigeon_Guillemots%2CVancouver_2008_155.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Pigeon_Guillemots%2CVancouver_2008_155.jpg/330px-Pigeon_Guillemots%2CVancouver_2008_155.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Pigeon_Guillemots%2CVancouver_2008_155.jpg/440px-Pigeon_Guillemots%2CVancouver_2008_155.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1819" data-file-height="1100" /></a><figcaption>Pigeon guillemot</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Charadriiformes" title="Charadriiformes">Charadriiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Alcidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcidae">Alcidae</a> Alcids are superficially similar to <a href="/wiki/Penguin" title="Penguin">penguins</a> due to their black-and-white colours, their upright posture, and some of their habits. However they are only distantly related to the penguins and are able to fly. Auks live on the open sea, only deliberately coming ashore to nest. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dovekie" class="mw-redirect" title="Dovekie">Dovekie</a>, Alle alle LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_murre" title="Common murre">Common murre</a>, Uria aalge LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thick-billed_murre" title="Thick-billed murre">Thick-billed murre</a>, Uria lomvia LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razorbill" title="Razorbill">Razorbill</a>, Alca torda NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_auk" title="Great auk">Great auk</a>, Pinguinus impennis (E) EX</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_guillemot" title="Black guillemot">Black guillemot</a>, Cepphus grylle LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pigeon_guillemot" title="Pigeon guillemot">Pigeon guillemot</a>, Cepphus columba LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-billed_murrelet" title="Long-billed murrelet">Long-billed murrelet</a>, Brachyramphus perdix (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marbled_murrelet" title="Marbled murrelet">Marbled murrelet</a>, Brachyramphus marmoratus EN</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kittlitz%27s_murrelet" title="Kittlitz's murrelet">Kittlitz's murrelet</a>, Brachyramphus brevirostris (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scripps%27s_murrelet" title="Scripps's murrelet">Scripps's murrelet</a>, Synthliboramphus scrippsi VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadalupe_murrelet" title="Guadalupe murrelet">Guadalupe murrelet</a>, Synthliboramphus hypoleucus (A) EN</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_murrelet" title="Ancient murrelet">Ancient murrelet</a>, Synthliboramphus antiquus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassin%27s_auklet" title="Cassin's auklet">Cassin's auklet</a>, Ptychoramphus aleuticus NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parakeet_auklet" title="Parakeet auklet">Parakeet auklet</a>, Aethia psittacula LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Least_auklet" title="Least auklet">Least auklet</a>, Aethia pusilla (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crested_auklet" title="Crested auklet">Crested auklet</a>, Aethia cristatella (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhinoceros_auklet" title="Rhinoceros auklet">Rhinoceros auklet</a>, Cerorhinca monocerata LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_puffin" title="Atlantic puffin">Atlantic puffin</a>, Fratercula arctica VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horned_puffin" title="Horned puffin">Horned puffin</a>, Fratercula corniculata LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tufted_puffin" title="Tufted puffin">Tufted puffin</a>, Fratercula cirrhata LC</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gulls,_terns,_and_skimmers">Gulls, terns, and skimmers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Gulls, terns, and skimmers">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Westerngull.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Westerngull.JPG/220px-Westerngull.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Westerngull.JPG/330px-Westerngull.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Westerngull.JPG/440px-Westerngull.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3378" data-file-height="2114" /></a><figcaption>A western gull in front of the <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge" title="Golden Gate Bridge">Golden Gate Bridge</a> in <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco" title="San Francisco">San Francisco</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ring_Billed_Gull.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ring_Billed_Gull.jpg/220px-Ring_Billed_Gull.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ring_Billed_Gull.jpg/330px-Ring_Billed_Gull.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Ring_Billed_Gull.jpg/440px-Ring_Billed_Gull.jpg 2x" data-file-width="535" data-file-height="517" /></a><figcaption>Ring-billed gull</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Charadriiformes" title="Charadriiformes">Charadriiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Laridae" title="Laridae">Laridae</a> Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds and includes <a href="/wiki/Gull" title="Gull">gulls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tern" title="Tern">terns</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Skimmer_(bird)" class="mw-redirect" title="Skimmer (bird)">skimmers</a>. Gulls are typically grey or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills, and webbed feet. Terns are a group of generally medium to large seabirds typically with grey or white plumage, often with black markings on the head. Most terns hunt fish by diving but some pick insects off the surface of fresh water. Terns are generally long-lived birds, with several species known to live in excess of 30 years. Skimmers are a small family of tropical tern-like birds. They have an elongated lower mandible which they use to feed by flying low over the water surface and skimming the water for small fish. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black-legged_kittiwake" title="Black-legged kittiwake">Black-legged kittiwake</a>, Rissa tridactyla VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-legged_kittiwake" title="Red-legged kittiwake">Red-legged kittiwake</a>, Rissa brevirostris (A) VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivory_gull" title="Ivory gull">Ivory gull</a>, Pagophila eburnea NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine%27s_gull" title="Sabine's gull">Sabine's gull</a>, Xema sabini LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonaparte%27s_gull" title="Bonaparte's gull">Bonaparte's gull</a>, Chroicocephalus philadelphia LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-headed_gull" title="Black-headed gull">Black-headed gull</a>, Chroicocephalus ridibundus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_gull" title="Little gull">Little gull</a>, Hydrocoloeus minutus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ross%27s_gull" title="Ross's gull">Ross's gull</a>, Rhodostethia rosea LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laughing_gull" title="Laughing gull">Laughing gull</a>, Leucophaeus atricilla LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin%27s_gull" title="Franklin's gull">Franklin's gull</a>, Leucophaeus pipixcan LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-tailed_gull" title="Black-tailed gull">Black-tailed gull</a>, Larus crassirostris (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heermann%27s_gull" title="Heermann's gull">Heermann's gull</a>, Larus heermanni NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_gull" title="Common gull">Common gull</a>, Larus canus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short-billed_gull" title="Short-billed gull">Short-billed gull</a>, Larus brachyrhynchus</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring-billed_gull" title="Ring-billed gull">Ring-billed gull</a>, Larus delawarensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_gull" title="Western gull">Western gull</a>, Larus occidentalis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_gull" title="California gull">California gull</a>, Larus californicus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_herring_gull" title="American herring gull">Herring gull</a>, Larus argentatus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-legged_gull" title="Yellow-legged gull">Yellow-legged gull</a>, Larus cachinnans (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland_gull" title="Iceland gull">Iceland gull</a>, Larus glaucoides LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesser_black-backed_gull" title="Lesser black-backed gull">Lesser black-backed gull</a>, Larus fuscus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slaty-backed_gull" title="Slaty-backed gull">Slaty-backed gull</a>, Larus schistisagus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucous-winged_gull" title="Glaucous-winged gull">Glaucous-winged gull</a>, Larus glaucescens LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaucous_gull" title="Glaucous gull">Glaucous gull</a>, Larus hyperboreus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_black-backed_gull" title="Great black-backed gull">Great black-backed gull</a>, Larus marinus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelp_gull" title="Kelp gull">Kelp gull</a>, Larus dominicanus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sooty_tern" title="Sooty tern">Sooty tern</a>, Onychoprion fuscatus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridled_tern" title="Bridled tern">Bridled tern</a>, Onychoprion anaethetus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleutian_tern" title="Aleutian tern">Aleutian tern</a>, Onychoprion aleuticus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Least_tern" title="Least tern">Least tern</a>, Sternula antillarum (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gull-billed_tern" title="Gull-billed tern">Gull-billed tern</a>, Gelochelidon nilotica (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_tern" title="Caspian tern">Caspian tern</a>, Hydroprogne caspia LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_tern" title="Black tern">Black tern</a>, Chlidonias niger LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-winged_tern" title="White-winged tern">White-winged tern</a>, Chlidonias leucopterus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roseate_tern" title="Roseate tern">Roseate tern</a>, Sterna dougallii LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_tern" title="Common tern">Common tern</a>, Sterna hirundo LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_tern" title="Arctic tern">Arctic tern</a>, Sterna paradisaea LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forster%27s_tern" title="Forster's tern">Forster's tern</a>, Sterna forsteri LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_tern" title="Royal tern">Royal tern</a>, Thalasseus maximus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandwich_tern" title="Sandwich tern">Sandwich tern</a>, Thalasseus sandvicensis (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabot%27s_tern" title="Cabot's tern">Cabot's tern</a>, Thalasseus acuflavidus (A)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elegant_tern" title="Elegant tern">Elegant tern</a>, Thalasseus elegans (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_skimmer" title="Black skimmer">Black skimmer</a>, Rynchops niger (A) LC</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tropicbirds">Tropicbirds</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Tropicbirds">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Phaethontiformes" title="Phaethontiformes">Phaethontiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Phaethontidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Phaethontidae">Phaethontidae</a> Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White-tailed_tropicbird" title="White-tailed tropicbird">White-tailed tropicbird</a>, Phaethon lepturus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-billed_tropicbird" title="Red-billed tropicbird">Red-billed tropicbird</a>, Phaethon aethereus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-tailed_tropicbird" title="Red-tailed tropicbird">Red-tailed tropicbird</a>, Phaethon rubricauda (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Loons">Loons</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Loons">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PacificLoon24.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/PacificLoon24.jpg/220px-PacificLoon24.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/PacificLoon24.jpg/330px-PacificLoon24.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/PacificLoon24.jpg/440px-PacificLoon24.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="663" /></a><figcaption>Pacific loon</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Gaviiformes" title="Gaviiformes">Gaviiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Gaviidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaviidae">Gaviidae</a> Loons are aquatic birds the size of a large duck, to which they are unrelated. Their plumage is largely grey or black, and they have spear-shaped bills. Loons swim well and fly adequately, but, because their legs are placed towards the rear of the body, are almost helpless on land. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red-throated_loon" title="Red-throated loon">Red-throated loon</a>, Gavia stellata LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_loon" class="mw-redirect" title="Arctic loon">Arctic loon</a>, Gavia arctica (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_loon" title="Pacific loon">Pacific loon</a>, Gavia pacifica LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_loon" title="Common loon">Common loon</a>, Gavia immer LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-billed_loon" title="Yellow-billed loon">Yellow-billed loon</a>, Gavia adamsii NT</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Albatrosses">Albatrosses</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Albatrosses">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Procellariiformes" title="Procellariiformes">Procellariiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Diomedeidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Diomedeidae">Diomedeidae</a> The albatrosses are amongst the largest of flying birds, and the great albatrosses from the genus Diomedea have the largest wingspans of any extant birds. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_yellow-nosed_albatross" title="Atlantic yellow-nosed albatross">Yellow-nosed albatross</a>, Thalassar chlororhynchus (A) EN</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-browed_albatross" title="Black-browed albatross">Black-browed albatross</a>, Thalassarche melanophris (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laysan_albatross" title="Laysan albatross">Laysan albatross</a>, Phoebastria immutabilis NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-footed_albatross" title="Black-footed albatross">Black-footed albatross</a>, Phoebastria nigripes NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short-tailed_albatross" title="Short-tailed albatross">Short-tailed albatross</a>, Phoebastria albatrus VU</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Southern_storm-petrels">Southern storm-petrels</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Southern storm-petrels">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oceanites_oceanicusPCCA20070623-3634B.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Oceanites_oceanicusPCCA20070623-3634B.jpg/220px-Oceanites_oceanicusPCCA20070623-3634B.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Oceanites_oceanicusPCCA20070623-3634B.jpg/330px-Oceanites_oceanicusPCCA20070623-3634B.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Oceanites_oceanicusPCCA20070623-3634B.jpg/440px-Oceanites_oceanicusPCCA20070623-3634B.jpg 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="463" /></a><figcaption>Wilson's storm-petrel</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Procellariiformes" title="Procellariiformes">Procellariiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Oceanitidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Oceanitidae">Oceanitidae</a> The storm-petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the <a href="/wiki/Petrel" title="Petrel">petrels</a>, feeding on <a href="/wiki/Plankton" title="Plankton">planktonic</a> crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes <a href="/wiki/Bat" title="Bat">bat</a>-like. Until 2018, this family's three species were included with the other storm-petrels in family Hydrobatidae. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wilson%27s_storm-petrel" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilson's storm-petrel">Wilson's storm-petrel</a>, Oceanites oceanicus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-faced_storm-petrel" class="mw-redirect" title="White-faced storm-petrel">White-faced storm-petrel</a>, (A) Pelagodroma marina LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Northern_storm-petrels">Northern storm-petrels</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Northern storm-petrels">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Procellariiformes" title="Procellariiformes">Procellariiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Hydrobatidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydrobatidae">Hydrobatidae</a> Though the members of this family are similar in many respects to the southern storm-petrels, including their general appearance and habits, there are enough genetic differences to warrant their placement in a separate family. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_storm-petrel" class="mw-redirect" title="European storm-petrel">European storm-petrel</a>, Hydrobates pelagicus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fork-tailed_storm-petrel" class="mw-redirect" title="Fork-tailed storm-petrel">Fork-tailed storm-petrel</a>, Hydrobates furcatus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leach%27s_storm-petrel" class="mw-redirect" title="Leach's storm-petrel">Leach's storm-petrel</a>, Hydrobates leucorhous LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Band-rumped_storm-petrel" class="mw-redirect" title="Band-rumped storm-petrel">Band-rumped storm-petrel</a>, Hydrobates castro (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Shearwaters_and_petrels">Shearwaters and petrels</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Shearwaters and petrels">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Northern_Fulmar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Northern_Fulmar.jpg/220px-Northern_Fulmar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Northern_Fulmar.jpg/330px-Northern_Fulmar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Northern_Fulmar.jpg/440px-Northern_Fulmar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="441" /></a><figcaption>Northern fulmar</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Procellariiformes" title="Procellariiformes">Procellariiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Procellariidae" title="Procellariidae">Procellariidae</a> The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterized by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Northern_fulmar" title="Northern fulmar">Northern fulmar</a>, Fulmarus glacialis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trindade_petrel" title="Trindade petrel">Trindade petrel</a>, Pterodroma arminjoniana (VU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murphy%27s_petrel" title="Murphy's petrel">Murphy's petrel</a>, Pterodroma ultima (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mottled_petrel" title="Mottled petrel">Mottled petrel</a>, Pterodroma inexpectata (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda_petrel" title="Bermuda petrel">Bermuda petrel</a>, Pterodroma cahow (A) EN</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-capped_petrel" title="Black-capped petrel">Black-capped petrel</a>, Pterodroma hasitata (A) EN</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_petrel" title="Hawaiian petrel">Hawaiian petrel</a>, Pterodroma sandwichensis (A) EN</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fea%27s_petrel" title="Fea's petrel">Fea's petrel</a>, Pterodroma feae (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook%27s_petrel" title="Cook's petrel">Cook's petrel</a>, Pterodroma cookii (A) VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cory%27s_shearwater" title="Cory's shearwater">Cory's shearwater</a>, Calonectris diomedea LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buller%27s_shearwater" title="Buller's shearwater">Buller's shearwater</a>, Ardenna bulleri VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short-tailed_shearwater" title="Short-tailed shearwater">Short-tailed shearwater</a>, Ardenna tenuirostris LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sooty_shearwater" title="Sooty shearwater">Sooty shearwater</a>, Ardenna griseus NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_shearwater" title="Great shearwater">Great shearwater</a>, Ardenna gravis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink-footed_shearwater" title="Pink-footed shearwater">Pink-footed shearwater</a>, Ardenna creatopus VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flesh-footed_shearwater" title="Flesh-footed shearwater">Flesh-footed shearwater</a>, Ardenna carneipes (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manx_shearwater" title="Manx shearwater">Manx shearwater</a>, Puffinus puffinus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-vented_shearwater" title="Black-vented shearwater">Black-vented shearwater</a>, Puffinus opisthomelas (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audubon%27s_shearwater" class="mw-redirect" title="Audubon's shearwater">Audubon's shearwater</a>, Puffinus lherminieri (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barolo_shearwater" title="Barolo shearwater">Barolo shearwater</a>, Puffinus baroli (A) (Not yet assessed by the IUCN)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storks">Storks</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Storks">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Ciconiiformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciconiiformes">Ciconiiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Ciconiidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciconiidae">Ciconiidae</a> Storks are large, heavy, long-legged, long-necked wading birds with long stout bills and wide wingspans. They lack the <a href="/wiki/Powder_down" class="mw-redirect" title="Powder down">powder down</a> that other wading birds such as herons, spoonbills and ibises use to clean off fish slime. Storks lack a pharynx and are mute. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wood_stork" title="Wood stork">Wood stork</a>, Mycteria americana (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Frigatebirds">Frigatebirds</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Frigatebirds">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Suliformes" title="Suliformes">Suliformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Fregatidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Fregatidae">Fregatidae</a> Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black, or black-and-white birds, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have coloured inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magnificent_frigatebird" title="Magnificent frigatebird">Magnificent frigatebird</a>, Fregata magnificens (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Boobies_and_gannets">Boobies and gannets</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Boobies and gannets">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Morus_bassanus_adu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Morus_bassanus_adu.jpg/220px-Morus_bassanus_adu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Morus_bassanus_adu.jpg/330px-Morus_bassanus_adu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Morus_bassanus_adu.jpg/440px-Morus_bassanus_adu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2803" data-file-height="1869" /></a><figcaption>Northern gannet</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Suliformes" title="Suliformes">Suliformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Sulidae" title="Sulidae">Sulidae</a> The sulids comprise the <a href="/wiki/Gannet" title="Gannet">gannets</a> and <a href="/wiki/Booby" title="Booby">boobies</a>. Both groups are medium-large coastal <a href="/wiki/Seabird" title="Seabird">seabirds</a> that plunge-dive for fish. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Masked_booby" title="Masked booby">Masked booby</a>, Sula dactylatra (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazca_booby" title="Nazca booby">Nazca booby</a>, Sula granti (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue-footed_booby" title="Blue-footed booby">Blue-footed booby</a>, Sula nebouxii (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_booby" title="Brown booby">Brown booby</a>, Sula leucogaster (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-footed_booby" title="Red-footed booby">Red-footed booby</a>, Sula sula (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_gannet" title="Northern gannet">Northern gannet</a>, Morus bassanus LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anhingas">Anhingas</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Anhingas">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Suliformes" title="Suliformes">Suliformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Anhingidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Anhingidae">Anhingidae</a> Anhingas are cormorant-like water birds with very long necks and long, straight beaks. They are fish eaters which often swim with only their neck above water. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anhinga" title="Anhinga">Anhinga</a>, Anhinga anhinga (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cormorants_and_shags">Cormorants and shags</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Cormorants and shags">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Suliformes" title="Suliformes">Suliformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Phalacrocoracidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Phalacrocoracidae">Phalacrocoracidae</a> Cormorants are medium-to-large aquatic birds, usually with mainly dark plumage and areas of coloured skin on the face. The bill is long, thin, and sharply hooked. Their feet are four-toed and webbed. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brandt%27s_cormorant" title="Brandt's cormorant">Brandt's cormorant</a>, Urile penicillatus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-faced_cormorant" title="Red-faced cormorant">Red-faced cormorant</a>, Urile urile (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelagic_cormorant" title="Pelagic cormorant">Pelagic cormorant</a>, Urile pelagicus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_cormorant" title="Great cormorant">Great cormorant</a>, Phalacrocorax carbo LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double-crested_cormorant" title="Double-crested cormorant">Double-crested cormorant</a>, Nannopterum auritum LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neotropic_cormorant" title="Neotropic cormorant">Neotropic cormorant</a>, Nannopterum brasilianum (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pelicans">Pelicans</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Pelicans">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brown_Pelican.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Brown_Pelican.jpg/220px-Brown_Pelican.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Brown_Pelican.jpg/330px-Brown_Pelican.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Brown_Pelican.jpg/440px-Brown_Pelican.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="580" /></a><figcaption>Brown pelican</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Pelecaniformes" title="Pelecaniformes">Pelecaniformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Pelecanidae" title="Pelecanidae">Pelecanidae</a> Pelicans are very large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_white_pelican" title="American white pelican">American white pelican</a>, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_pelican" title="Brown pelican">Brown pelican</a>, Pelecanus occidentalis LC</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Herons,_egrets,_and_bitterns">Herons, egrets, and bitterns</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Herons, egrets, and bitterns">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Egretta_thula1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Egretta_thula1.jpg/170px-Egretta_thula1.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Egretta_thula1.jpg/255px-Egretta_thula1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Egretta_thula1.jpg/340px-Egretta_thula1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="1146" /></a><figcaption>Snowy egret</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Pelecaniformes" title="Pelecaniformes">Pelecaniformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Ardeidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ardeidae">Ardeidae</a> The family Ardeidae contains the herons, egrets, and bitterns. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more secretive. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises, and spoonbills. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_bittern" title="American bittern">American bittern</a>, Botaurus lentiginosus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Least_bittern" title="Least bittern">Least bittern</a>, Ixobrychus exilis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_blue_heron" title="Great blue heron">Great blue heron</a>, Ardea herodias LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_heron" title="Grey heron">Grey heron</a>, Ardea cinerea (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_egret" title="Great egret">Great egret</a>, Ardea alba LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_egret" title="Little egret">Little egret</a>, Egretta garzetta (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_reef-heron" class="mw-redirect" title="Western reef-heron">Western reef-heron</a>, Egretta gularis (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowy_egret" title="Snowy egret">Snowy egret</a>, Egretta thula LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_blue_heron" title="Little blue heron">Little blue heron</a>, Egretta caerulea (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricolored_heron" title="Tricolored heron">Tricolored heron</a>, Egretta tricolor (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reddish_egret" title="Reddish egret">Reddish egret</a>, Egretta rufescens (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cattle_egret" title="Cattle egret">Cattle egret</a>, Bubulcus ibis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_heron" title="Green heron">Green heron</a>, Butorides virescens LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-crowned_night-heron" class="mw-redirect" title="Black-crowned night-heron">Black-crowned night-heron</a>, Nycticorax nycticorax LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-crowned_night-heron" class="mw-redirect" title="Yellow-crowned night-heron">Yellow-crowned night-heron</a>, Nyctanassa violacea (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ibises_and_spoonbills">Ibises and spoonbills</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Ibises and spoonbills">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Pelecaniformes" title="Pelecaniformes">Pelecaniformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Threskiornithidae" title="Threskiornithidae">Threskiornithidae</a> Members of this family have long, broad wings, are strong fliers and, rather surprisingly, given their size and weight, very capable soarers. The body tends to be elongated, the neck more so, with rather long legs. The bill is also long, decurved in the case of the ibises, straight and distinctively flattened in the spoonbills. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_white_ibis" title="American white ibis">White ibis</a>, Eudocimus albus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossy_ibis" title="Glossy ibis">Glossy ibis</a>, Plegadis falcinellus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-faced_ibis" title="White-faced ibis">White-faced ibis</a>, Plegadis chihi LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roseate_spoonbill" title="Roseate spoonbill">Roseate spoonbill</a>, Ajaia ajaja (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="New_World_vultures">New World vultures</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: New World vultures">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey_Vulture,_Ottawa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Turkey_Vulture%2C_Ottawa.jpg/220px-Turkey_Vulture%2C_Ottawa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Turkey_Vulture%2C_Ottawa.jpg/330px-Turkey_Vulture%2C_Ottawa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Turkey_Vulture%2C_Ottawa.jpg/440px-Turkey_Vulture%2C_Ottawa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Turkey vulture</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Cathartiformes" title="Cathartiformes">Cathartiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Cathartidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathartidae">Cathartidae</a> The New World vultures are not closely related to Old World vultures, but superficially resemble them because of <a href="/wiki/Convergent_evolution" title="Convergent evolution">convergent evolution</a>. Like the Old World vultures, they are scavengers. However, unlike Old World vultures, which find carcasses by sight, New World vultures have a good sense of smell with which they locate <a href="/wiki/Carrion" title="Carrion">carcasses</a>. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/California_condor" title="California condor">California condor</a>, Gymnogyps californianus (Ex) CR</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_vulture" title="Black vulture">Black vulture</a>, Coragyps atratus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey_vulture" title="Turkey vulture">Turkey vulture</a>, Cathartes aura LC</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Osprey">Osprey</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Osprey">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Accipitriformes" title="Accipitriformes">Accipitriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Pandionidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pandionidae">Pandionidae</a> Pandionidae is a family of fish-eating birds of prey possessing a very large, powerful hooked beak for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. The family is <a href="/wiki/Monotypic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monotypic">monotypic</a>. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Osprey" title="Osprey">Osprey</a>, Pandion haliaetus LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hawks,_eagles,_and_kites">Hawks, eagles, and kites</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Hawks, eagles, and kites">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Goshawkmale66.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Goshawkmale66.jpg/220px-Goshawkmale66.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Goshawkmale66.jpg/330px-Goshawkmale66.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Goshawkmale66.jpg/440px-Goshawkmale66.jpg 2x" data-file-width="856" data-file-height="574" /></a><figcaption>American goshawk</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Accipitriformes" title="Accipitriformes">Accipitriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Accipitridae" title="Accipitridae">Accipitridae</a> Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey, which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White-tailed_kite" title="White-tailed kite">White-tailed kite</a>, Elanus leucurus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swallow-tailed_kite" title="Swallow-tailed kite">Swallow-tailed kite</a>, Elanoides forficatus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_eagle" title="Golden eagle">Golden eagle</a>, Aquila chrysaetos LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_harrier" title="Northern harrier">Northern harrier</a>, Circus hudsonius (Not yet assessed by the IUCN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharp-shinned_hawk" title="Sharp-shinned hawk">Sharp-shinned hawk</a>, Accipiter striatus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooper%27s_hawk" title="Cooper's hawk">Cooper's hawk</a>, Accipiter cooperii LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_goshawk" title="Eurasian goshawk">Eurasian goshawk</a>, Accipiter gentilis (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_goshawk" title="American goshawk">American goshawk</a>, Accipiter atricapillus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bald_eagle" title="Bald eagle">Bald eagle</a>, Haliaeetus leucocephalus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steller%27s_sea-eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="Steller's sea-eagle">Steller's sea-eagle</a>, Haliaeetus pelagicus (A) VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_kite" title="Mississippi kite">Mississippi kite</a>, Ictinia mississippiensis (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-shouldered_hawk" title="Red-shouldered hawk">Red-shouldered hawk</a>, Buteo lineatus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broad-winged_hawk" title="Broad-winged hawk">Broad-winged hawk</a>, Buteo platypterus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swainson%27s_hawk" title="Swainson's hawk">Swainson's hawk</a>, Buteo swainsoni LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zone-tailed_hawk" title="Zone-tailed hawk">Zone-tailed hawk</a>, Buteo albonotatus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-tailed_hawk" title="Red-tailed hawk">Red-tailed hawk</a>, Buteo jamaicensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rough-legged_hawk" class="mw-redirect" title="Rough-legged hawk">Rough-legged hawk</a>, Buteo lagopus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferruginous_hawk" title="Ferruginous hawk">Ferruginous hawk</a>, Buteo regalis LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Barn-owls">Barn-owls</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Barn-owls">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Strigiformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Strigiformes">Strigiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Tytonidae" title="Tytonidae">Tytonidae</a> Barn-owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long, strong legs with powerful talons. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_barn_owl" title="Western barn owl">Barn owl</a>, Tyto alba LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Owls">Owls</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Owls">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bubo_virginianus_-near_Tule_Lake_National_Wildlife_Refuge,_Oregan,_USA_-juvenile-8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Bubo_virginianus_-near_Tule_Lake_National_Wildlife_Refuge%2C_Oregan%2C_USA_-juvenile-8.jpg/220px-Bubo_virginianus_-near_Tule_Lake_National_Wildlife_Refuge%2C_Oregan%2C_USA_-juvenile-8.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Bubo_virginianus_-near_Tule_Lake_National_Wildlife_Refuge%2C_Oregan%2C_USA_-juvenile-8.jpg/330px-Bubo_virginianus_-near_Tule_Lake_National_Wildlife_Refuge%2C_Oregan%2C_USA_-juvenile-8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Bubo_virginianus_-near_Tule_Lake_National_Wildlife_Refuge%2C_Oregan%2C_USA_-juvenile-8.jpg/440px-Bubo_virginianus_-near_Tule_Lake_National_Wildlife_Refuge%2C_Oregan%2C_USA_-juvenile-8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>Juvenile great horned owls</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Strigiformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Strigiformes">Strigiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Strigidae" title="Strigidae">Strigidae</a> Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flammulated_owl" title="Flammulated owl">Flammulated owl</a>, Psiloscops flammeolus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_screech-owl" class="mw-redirect" title="Western screech-owl">Western screech-owl</a>, Megascops kennicottii LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_screech-owl" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern screech-owl">Eastern screech-owl</a>, Megascops asio LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_horned_owl" title="Great horned owl">Great horned owl</a>, Bubo virginianus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowy_owl" title="Snowy owl">Snowy owl</a>, Bubo scandiacus VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_hawk_owl" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern hawk owl">Northern hawk owl</a>, Surnia ulula LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_pygmy-owl" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern pygmy-owl">Northern pygmy-owl</a>, Glaucidium gnoma LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burrowing_owl" title="Burrowing owl">Burrowing owl</a>, Athene cunicularia LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotted_owl" title="Spotted owl">Spotted owl</a>, Strix occidentalis NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barred_owl" title="Barred owl">Barred owl</a>, Strix varia LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_grey_owl" title="Great grey owl">Great grey owl</a>, Strix nebulosa LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-eared_owl" title="Long-eared owl">Long-eared owl</a>, Asio otus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short-eared_owl" title="Short-eared owl">Short-eared owl</a>, Asio flammeus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boreal_owl" title="Boreal owl">Boreal owl</a>, Aegolius funereus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_saw-whet_owl" title="Northern saw-whet owl">Northern saw-whet owl</a>, Aegolius acadicus LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kingfishers">Kingfishers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Kingfishers">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Coraciiformes" title="Coraciiformes">Coraciiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Alcedinidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcedinidae">Alcedinidae</a> Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belted_kingfisher" title="Belted kingfisher">Belted kingfisher</a>, Megaceryle alcyon LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Woodpeckers">Woodpeckers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Woodpeckers">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RedNapedSapsucker23.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b5/RedNapedSapsucker23.jpg" decoding="async" width="207" height="184" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="207" data-file-height="184" /></a><figcaption>Red-naped sapsucker</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Piciformes" title="Piciformes">Piciformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Picidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Picidae">Picidae</a> Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails, and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lewis%27s_woodpecker" title="Lewis's woodpecker">Lewis's woodpecker</a>, Melanerpes lewis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-headed_woodpecker" title="Red-headed woodpecker">Red-headed woodpecker</a>, Melanerpes erythrocephalus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acorn_woodpecker" title="Acorn woodpecker">Acorn woodpecker</a>, Melanerpes formicivorus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-bellied_woodpecker" title="Red-bellied woodpecker">Red-bellied woodpecker</a>, Melanerpes carolinus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Williamson%27s_sapsucker" title="Williamson's sapsucker">Williamson's sapsucker</a>, Sphyrapicus thyroideus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-bellied_sapsucker" title="Yellow-bellied sapsucker">Yellow-bellied sapsucker</a>, Sphyrapicus varius LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-naped_sapsucker" title="Red-naped sapsucker">Red-naped sapsucker</a>, Sphyrapicus nuchalis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-breasted_sapsucker" title="Red-breasted sapsucker">Red-breasted sapsucker</a>, Sphyrapicus ruber LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_three-toed_woodpecker" title="American three-toed woodpecker">American three-toed woodpecker</a>, Picoides dorsalis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-backed_woodpecker" title="Black-backed woodpecker">Black-backed woodpecker</a>, Picoides arcticus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downy_woodpecker" title="Downy woodpecker">Downy woodpecker</a>, Dryobates pubescens LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairy_woodpecker" title="Hairy woodpecker">Hairy woodpecker</a>, Dryobates villosus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-headed_woodpecker" title="White-headed woodpecker">White-headed woodpecker</a>, Dryobates albolarvatus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_flicker" title="Northern flicker">Northern flicker</a>, Colaptes auratus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pileated_woodpecker" title="Pileated woodpecker">Pileated woodpecker</a>, Dryocopus pileatus LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Falcons_and_caracaras">Falcons and caracaras</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Falcons and caracaras">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Americankestrel65.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Americankestrel65.jpg/170px-Americankestrel65.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Americankestrel65.jpg/255px-Americankestrel65.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Americankestrel65.jpg/340px-Americankestrel65.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3658" /></a><figcaption>American kestrel</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Falconiformes" title="Falconiformes">Falconiformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Falconidae" title="Falconidae">Falconidae</a> Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey, notably the falcons and caracaras. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crested_caracara" title="Crested caracara">Crested caracara</a>, Caracara plancus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_kestrel" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurasian kestrel">Eurasian kestrel</a>, Falco tinnunculus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_kestrel" title="American kestrel">American kestrel</a>, Falco sparverius LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin_(bird)" title="Merlin (bird)">Merlin</a>, Falco columbarius LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyrfalcon" title="Gyrfalcon">Gyrfalcon</a>, Falco rusticolus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peregrine_falcon" title="Peregrine falcon">Peregrine falcon</a>, Falco peregrinus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairie_falcon" title="Prairie falcon">Prairie falcon</a>, Falco mexicanus LC</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tyrant_flycatchers">Tyrant flycatchers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Tyrant flycatchers">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tyrannus-tyrannus-001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Tyrannus-tyrannus-001.jpg/220px-Tyrannus-tyrannus-001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Tyrannus-tyrannus-001.jpg/330px-Tyrannus-tyrannus-001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Tyrannus-tyrannus-001.jpg/440px-Tyrannus-tyrannus-001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Eastern kingbird</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Tyrannidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyrannidae">Tyrannidae</a> Tyrant flycatchers are Passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust and have stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, are rather plain. As the name implies, most are insectivorous. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Small-billed_elaenia" title="Small-billed elaenia">Small-billed elaenia</a>, Elaenia parvirostris (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ash-throated_flycatcher" title="Ash-throated flycatcher">Ash-throated flycatcher</a>, Myiarchus cinerascens (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_crested_flycatcher" title="Great crested flycatcher">Great crested flycatcher</a>, Myiarchus crinitus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_kiskadee" title="Great kiskadee">Great kiskadee</a>, Pitangus sulphuratus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulphur-bellied_flycatcher" title="Sulphur-bellied flycatcher">Sulphur-bellied flycatcher</a>, Myiodynastes luteiventris (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variegated_flycatcher" title="Variegated flycatcher">Variegated flycatcher</a>, Empidonomus varius (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_kingbird" title="Tropical kingbird">Tropical kingbird</a>, Tyrannus melancholicus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassin%27s_kingbird" title="Cassin's kingbird">Cassin's kingbird</a>, Tyrannus vociferans (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thick-billed_kingbird" title="Thick-billed kingbird">Thick-billed kingbird</a>, Tyrannus crassirostris (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_kingbird" title="Western kingbird">Western kingbird</a>, Tyrannus verticalis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_kingbird" title="Eastern kingbird">Eastern kingbird</a>, Tyrannus tyrannus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_kingbird" class="mw-redirect" title="Grey kingbird">Grey kingbird</a>, Tyrannus dominicensis (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scissor-tailed_flycatcher" title="Scissor-tailed flycatcher">Scissor-tailed flycatcher</a>, Tyrannus forficatus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fork-tailed_flycatcher" title="Fork-tailed flycatcher">Fork-tailed flycatcher</a>, Tyrannus savana (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olive-sided_flycatcher" title="Olive-sided flycatcher">Olive-sided flycatcher</a>, Contopus cooperi NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_wood-pewee" class="mw-redirect" title="Western wood-pewee">Western wood-pewee</a>, Contopus sordidulus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_wood-pewee" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern wood-pewee">Eastern wood-pewee</a>, Contopus virens LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-bellied_flycatcher" title="Yellow-bellied flycatcher">Yellow-bellied flycatcher</a>, Empidonax flaviventris LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acadian_flycatcher" title="Acadian flycatcher">Acadian flycatcher</a>, Empidonax virescens LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alder_flycatcher" title="Alder flycatcher">Alder flycatcher</a>, Empidonax alnorum LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willow_flycatcher" title="Willow flycatcher">Willow flycatcher</a>, Empidonax traillii LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Least_flycatcher" title="Least flycatcher">Least flycatcher</a>, Empidonax minimus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammond%27s_flycatcher" title="Hammond's flycatcher">Hammond's flycatcher</a>, Empidonax hammondii LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_grey_flycatcher" class="mw-redirect" title="American grey flycatcher">Grey flycatcher</a>, Empidonax wrightii (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_dusky_flycatcher" title="American dusky flycatcher">Dusky flycatcher</a>, Empidonax oberholseri LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific-slope_flycatcher" class="mw-redirect" title="Pacific-slope flycatcher">Pacific-slope flycatcher</a>, Empidonax difficilis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordilleran_flycatcher" class="mw-redirect" title="Cordilleran flycatcher">Cordilleran flycatcher</a>, Empidonax occidentalis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_phoebe" title="Black phoebe">Black phoebe</a>, Sayornis nigricans (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_phoebe" title="Eastern phoebe">Eastern phoebe</a>, Sayornis phoebe LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Say%27s_phoebe" title="Say's phoebe">Say's phoebe</a>, Sayornis saya LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vermilion_flycatcher" title="Vermilion flycatcher">Vermilion flycatcher</a>, Pyrocephalus rubinus (A) LC</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vireos,_shrike-babblers,_and_erpornis">Vireos, shrike-babblers, and erpornis</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Vireos, shrike-babblers, and erpornis">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Vireonidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Vireonidae">Vireonidae</a> The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are typically greenish in colour and resemble wood warblers, apart from their heavier bills. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black-capped_vireo" title="Black-capped vireo">Black-capped vireo</a>, Vireo atricapilla (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-eyed_vireo" title="White-eyed vireo">White-eyed vireo</a>, Vireo griseus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell%27s_vireo" title="Bell's vireo">Bell's vireo</a>, Vireo bellii (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hutton%27s_vireo" title="Hutton's vireo">Hutton's vireo</a>, Vireo huttoni LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-throated_vireo" title="Yellow-throated vireo">Yellow-throated vireo</a>, Vireo flavifrons LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassin%27s_vireo" title="Cassin's vireo">Cassin's vireo</a>, Vireo cassinii LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue-headed_vireo" title="Blue-headed vireo">Blue-headed vireo</a>, Vireo solitarius LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plumbeous_vireo" title="Plumbeous vireo">Plumbeous vireo</a>, Vireo plumbeus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_vireo" title="Philadelphia vireo">Philadelphia vireo</a>, Vireo philadelphicus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warbling_vireo" title="Warbling vireo">Warbling vireo</a>, Vireo gilvus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-eyed_vireo" title="Red-eyed vireo">Red-eyed vireo</a>, Vireo olivaceus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-green_vireo" title="Yellow-green vireo">Yellow-green vireo</a>, Vireo flavoviridis (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Shrikes">Shrikes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Shrikes">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Northern_Shrike_(8128455040).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Northern_Shrike_%288128455040%29.jpg/220px-Northern_Shrike_%288128455040%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Northern_Shrike_%288128455040%29.jpg/330px-Northern_Shrike_%288128455040%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Northern_Shrike_%288128455040%29.jpg/440px-Northern_Shrike_%288128455040%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="885" data-file-height="585" /></a><figcaption>Northern shrike</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Laniidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Laniidae">Laniidae</a> Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A shrike's beak is hooked, like that of a typical bird of prey. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brown_shrike" title="Brown shrike">Brown shrike</a>, Lanius cristatus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-backed_shrike" title="Red-backed shrike">Red-backed shrike</a>, Lanius collurio (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loggerhead_shrike" title="Loggerhead shrike">Loggerhead shrike</a>, Lanius ludovicianus NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_shrike" title="Northern shrike">Northern shrike</a>, Lanius borealis LC</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Crows,_jays,_and_magpies">Crows, jays, and magpies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Crows, jays, and magpies">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Perisoreus_canadensis_mercier2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Perisoreus_canadensis_mercier2.jpg/220px-Perisoreus_canadensis_mercier2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Perisoreus_canadensis_mercier2.jpg/330px-Perisoreus_canadensis_mercier2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Perisoreus_canadensis_mercier2.jpg/440px-Perisoreus_canadensis_mercier2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2457" data-file-height="1638" /></a><figcaption>Canada jay</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Corvidae" title="Corvidae">Corvidae</a> The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada_jay" title="Canada jay">Canada jay</a>, Perisoreus canadensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinyon_jay" title="Pinyon jay">Pinyon jay</a>, Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus (A) VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steller%27s_jay" title="Steller's jay">Steller's jay</a>, Cyanocitta stelleri LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_jay" title="Blue jay">Blue jay</a>, Cyanocitta cristata LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/California_scrub-jay" class="mw-redirect" title="California scrub-jay">California scrub-jay</a>, Aphelocoma californica (A) (Not yet assessed by the IUCN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodhouse%27s_scrub-jay" class="mw-redirect" title="Woodhouse's scrub-jay">Woodhouse's scrub-jay</a>, Aphelocoma woodhouseii (A) (Not yet assessed by the IUCN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark%27s_nutcracker" title="Clark's nutcracker">Clark's nutcracker</a>, Nucifraga columbiana LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-billed_magpie" title="Black-billed magpie">Black-billed magpie</a>, Pica hudsonia LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_jackdaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurasian jackdaw">Eurasian jackdaw</a>, Corvus monedula (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_crow" title="American crow">American crow</a>, Corvus brachyrhynchos LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_crow" title="Fish crow">Fish crow</a>, Corvus ossifragus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chihuahuan_raven" title="Chihuahuan raven">Chihuahuan raven</a>, Corvus cryptoleucus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_raven" title="Common raven">Common raven</a>, Corvus corax LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tits,_chickadees,_and_titmice">Tits, chickadees, and titmice</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Tits, chickadees, and titmice">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Paridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Paridae">Paridae</a> The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carolina_chickadee" title="Carolina chickadee">Carolina chickadee</a>, Poecile carolinensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-capped_chickadee" title="Black-capped chickadee">Black-capped chickadee</a>, Poecile atricapillus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_chickadee" title="Mountain chickadee">Mountain chickadee</a>, Poecile gambeli LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut-backed_chickadee" title="Chestnut-backed chickadee">Chestnut-backed chickadee</a>, Poecile rufescens LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boreal_chickadee" title="Boreal chickadee">Boreal chickadee</a>, Poecile hudsonicus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey-headed_chickadee" title="Grey-headed chickadee">Grey-headed chickadee</a>, Poecile cinctus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tufted_titmouse" title="Tufted titmouse">Tufted titmouse</a>, Baeolophus bicolor LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Larks">Larks</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Larks">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Alaudidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaudidae">Alaudidae</a> Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. They feed on insects and seeds. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_skylark" title="Eurasian skylark">Eurasian skylark</a>, Alauda arvensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horned_lark" title="Horned lark">Horned lark</a>, Eremophila alpestris LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Swallows">Swallows</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Swallows">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Hirundinidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Hirundinidae">Hirundinidae</a> The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bank_swallow" class="mw-redirect" title="Bank swallow">Bank swallow</a>, Riparia riparia LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_swallow" title="Tree swallow">Tree swallow</a>, Tachycineta bicolor LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violet-green_swallow" title="Violet-green swallow">Violet-green swallow</a>, Tachycineta thalassina LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_rough-winged_swallow" title="Northern rough-winged swallow">Northern rough-winged swallow</a>, Stelgidopteryx serripennis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purple_martin" title="Purple martin">Purple martin</a>, Progne subis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barn_swallow" title="Barn swallow">Barn swallow</a>, Hirundo rustica LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_house-martin" class="mw-redirect" title="Common house-martin">Common house-martin</a>, Delichon urbicum (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_cliff_swallow" class="mw-redirect" title="American cliff swallow">Cliff swallow</a>, Petrochelidon pyrrhonota LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_swallow" title="Cave swallow">Cave swallow</a>, Petrochelidon fulva LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Long-tailed_tits">Long-tailed tits</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Long-tailed tits">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Aegithalidae" title="Aegithalidae">Aegithalidae</a> The long-tailed tits are a family of small <a href="/wiki/Perching_bird" class="mw-redirect" title="Perching bird">passerine</a> birds. Their plumage is typically dull grey or brown in colour. There is only one North American representative of this primarily <a href="/wiki/Palearctic" class="mw-redirect" title="Palearctic">Palearctic</a> family. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_bushtit" title="American bushtit">Bushtit</a>, Psaltriparus minimus LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leaf_warblers">Leaf warblers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Leaf warblers">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Phylloscopidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Phylloscopidae">Phylloscopidae</a> Leaf warblers are a family of small insectivorous birds found mostly in Eurasia and ranging into <a href="/wiki/Wallacea" title="Wallacea">Wallacea</a> and Africa. The Arctic warbler breeds east into Alaska. The species are of various sizes, often green-plumaged above and yellow below, or more subdued with greyish-green to greyish-brown colours. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-browed_warbler" title="Yellow-browed warbler">Yellow-browed warbler</a>, Phylloscopus inornatus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arctic_warbler" title="Arctic warbler">Arctic warbler</a>, Phylloscopus borealis (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamchatka_leaf_warbler" title="Kamchatka leaf warbler">Kamchatka leaf warbler</a>, Phylloscopus examinandus (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kinglets">Kinglets</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Kinglets">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Regulidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Regulidae">Regulidae</a> The kinglets are a small family of birds which resemble the titmice. They are very small, insectivorous birds. The adults have coloured crowns, giving rise to their name. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ruby-crowned_kinglet" title="Ruby-crowned kinglet">Ruby-crowned kinglet</a>, Corthylio calendula LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden-crowned_kinglet" title="Golden-crowned kinglet">Golden-crowned kinglet</a>, Regulus satrapa LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Waxwings">Waxwings</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Waxwings">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Bombycillidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombycillidae">Bombycillidae</a> The waxwings are a group of birds with soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and cedar waxwings, these tips look like <a href="/wiki/Sealing_wax" title="Sealing wax">sealing wax</a> and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in the summer and berries in winter. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bohemian_waxwing" title="Bohemian waxwing">Bohemian waxwing</a>, Bombycilla garrulus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedar_waxwing" title="Cedar waxwing">Cedar waxwing</a>, Bombycilla cedrorum LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Silky-flycatchers">Silky-flycatchers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Silky-flycatchers">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Ptiliogonatidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptiliogonatidae">Ptiliogonatidae</a> The silky flycatchers are a small family of passerine birds which occur mainly in <a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central America</a>. They are related to <a href="/wiki/Waxwing" title="Waxwing">waxwings</a> and most species have small crests. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phainopepla" title="Phainopepla">Phainopepla</a>, Phainopepla nitens (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nuthatches">Nuthatches</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Nuthatches">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Sittidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sittidae">Sittidae</a> Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds, which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have large heads, short tails, and powerful bills and feet. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red-breasted_nuthatch" title="Red-breasted nuthatch">Red-breasted nuthatch</a>, Sitta canadensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-breasted_nuthatch" title="White-breasted nuthatch">White-breasted nuthatch</a>, Sitta carolinensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pygmy_nuthatch" title="Pygmy nuthatch">Pygmy nuthatch</a>, Sitta pygmaea LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Treecreepers">Treecreepers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Treecreepers">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Certhiidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Certhiidae">Certhiidae</a> Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin, down-pointed, curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves vertically on trees. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brown_creeper" title="Brown creeper">Brown creeper</a>, Certhia americana LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gnatcatchers">Gnatcatchers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: Gnatcatchers">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Polioptilidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Polioptilidae">Polioptilidae</a> These dainty birds resemble <a href="/wiki/Old_World_warbler" title="Old World warbler">Old World warblers</a> in their structure and habits, moving restlessly through the foliage seeking insects. The gnatcatchers are mainly soft bluish grey in colour and have the typical insectivore's long, sharp bill. Many species have distinctive black head patterns (especially males) and long, regularly cocked, black-and-white tails. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue-grey_gnatcatcher" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue-grey gnatcatcher">Blue-grey gnatcatcher</a>, Polioptila caerulea LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wrens">Wrens</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: Wrens">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Troglodytidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Troglodytidae">Troglodytidae</a> Wrens are small and inconspicuous birds, except for their loud songs. They have short wings and thin down-turned bills. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_wren" title="Rock wren">Rock wren</a>, Salpinctes obsoletus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canyon_wren" title="Canyon wren">Canyon wren</a>, Catherpes mexicanus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_house_wren" title="Northern house wren">House wren</a>, Troglodytes aedon LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_wren" title="Pacific wren">Pacific wren</a>, Troglodytes pacificus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winter_wren" title="Winter wren">Winter wren</a>, Troglodytes hiemalis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedge_wren" title="Sedge wren">Sedge wren</a>, Cistothorus platensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsh_wren" title="Marsh wren">Marsh wren</a>, Cistothorus palustris LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carolina_wren" title="Carolina wren">Carolina wren</a>, Thryothorus ludovicianus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bewick%27s_wren" title="Bewick's wren">Bewick's wren</a>, Thryomanes bewickii LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mockingbirds_and_thrashers">Mockingbirds and thrashers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Mockingbirds and thrashers">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Mimidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Mimidae">Mimidae</a> The mimids are a family of passerine birds which includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers, and the New World catbirds. These birds are notable for their vocalization, especially their remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. The species tend towards dull greys and browns in their appearance. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grey_catbird" class="mw-redirect" title="Grey catbird">Grey catbird</a>, Dumetella carolinensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curve-billed_thrasher" title="Curve-billed thrasher">Curve-billed thrasher</a>, Toxostoma curvirostre (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown_thrasher" title="Brown thrasher">Brown thrasher</a>, Toxostoma rufum LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bendire%27s_thrasher" title="Bendire's thrasher">Bendire's thrasher</a>, Toxostoma bendirei (A) VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sage_thrasher" title="Sage thrasher">Sage thrasher</a>, Oreoscoptes montanus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_mockingbird" title="Northern mockingbird">Northern mockingbird</a>, Mimus polyglottos LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Starlings">Starlings</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: Starlings">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Common_starling_in_london.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Common_starling_in_london.jpg/170px-Common_starling_in_london.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Common_starling_in_london.jpg/255px-Common_starling_in_london.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Common_starling_in_london.jpg/340px-Common_starling_in_london.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="973" /></a><figcaption>Immature female European starling</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Sturnidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sturnidae">Sturnidae</a> Starlings and mynas are small to medium-sized Old World passerine birds with strong feet. Their flight is strong and direct and most are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country, and they eat insects and fruit. The plumage of several species is dark with a metallic sheen. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_starling" class="mw-redirect" title="European starling">European starling</a>, Sturnus vulgaris (I) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crested_myna" title="Crested myna">Crested myna</a>, Acridotheres cristatellus (I) (Ex)<a href="#cite_note-NACC-3">[3]</a> LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dippers">Dippers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: Dippers">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Cinclidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinclidae">Cinclidae</a> Dippers are named for their bobbing or dipping movements. They are unique among passerines for their ability to dive and swim underwater. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_dipper" title="American dipper">American dipper</a>, Cinclus mexicanus LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Thrushes_and_allies">Thrushes and allies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: Thrushes and allies">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WesternBluebird23.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/WesternBluebird23.jpg/220px-WesternBluebird23.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/WesternBluebird23.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="214" /></a><figcaption>Western bluebird</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Turdidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Turdidae">Turdidae</a> The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly but not exclusively in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_bluebird" title="Eastern bluebird">Eastern bluebird</a>, Sialia sialis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_bluebird" title="Western bluebird">Western bluebird</a>, Sialia mexicana LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_bluebird" title="Mountain bluebird">Mountain bluebird</a>, Sialia currucoides LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Townsend%27s_solitaire" title="Townsend's solitaire">Townsend's solitaire</a>, Myadestes townsendi LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veery" title="Veery">Veery</a>, Catharus fuscescens LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey-cheeked_thrush" class="mw-redirect" title="Grey-cheeked thrush">Grey-cheeked thrush</a>, Catharus minimus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicknell%27s_thrush" title="Bicknell's thrush">Bicknell's thrush</a>, Catharus bicknelli VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swainson%27s_thrush" title="Swainson's thrush">Swainson's thrush</a>, Catharus ustulatus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermit_thrush" title="Hermit thrush">Hermit thrush</a>, Catharus guttatus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_thrush" title="Wood thrush">Wood thrush</a>, Hylocichla mustelina NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mistle_thrush" title="Mistle thrush">Mistle thrush</a>, Turdus viscivorus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_blackbird" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurasian blackbird">Eurasian blackbird</a>, Turdus merula (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dusky_thrush" title="Dusky thrush">Dusky thrush</a>, Turdus eunomus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieldfare" title="Fieldfare">Fieldfare</a>, Turdus pilaris (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redwing" title="Redwing">Redwing</a>, Turdus iliacus (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_thrush" title="Song thrush">Song thrush</a>, Turdus philomelos (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_robin" title="American robin">American robin</a>, Turdus migratorius LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varied_thrush" title="Varied thrush">Varied thrush</a>, Ixoreus naevius LC</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Old_World_flycatchers">Old World flycatchers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: Old World flycatchers">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Muscicapidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Muscicapidae">Muscicapidae</a> This a large family of small passerine birds restricted to the Old World. Species below only occurs in Canada as vagrants. The appearance of these birds is highly varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_rubythroat" title="Siberian rubythroat">Siberian rubythroat</a>, Luscinia calliope (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluethroat" title="Bluethroat">Bluethroat</a>, Luscinia svecica LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_blue_robin" title="Siberian blue robin">Siberian blue robin</a>, Luscinia cyane (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-flanked_bluetail" title="Red-flanked bluetail">Red-flanked bluetail</a>, Tarsiger cyanurus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_rock-thrush" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue rock-thrush">Blue rock-thrush</a>, Monticola solitarius (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_stonechat" title="Siberian stonechat">Siberian stonechat</a>, Saxicola maurus (A)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_wheatear" title="Northern wheatear">Northern wheatear</a>, Oenanthe oenanthe LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accentors">Accentors</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=64" title="Edit section: Accentors">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Prunellidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Prunellidae">Prunellidae</a> Accentors are small, fairly drab species superficially similar, but unrelated to, <a href="/wiki/American_sparrow" class="mw-redirect" title="American sparrow">sparrows</a>. However, accentors have thin sharp bills, reflecting their diet of insects in summer, augmented with seeds and berries in winter. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_accentor" title="Siberian accentor">Siberian accentor</a>, Prunella montanella (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Old_World_sparrows">Old World sparrows</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=65" title="Edit section: Old World sparrows">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Passeridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeridae">Passeridae</a> Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small plump brownish or greyish birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_sparrow" title="House sparrow">House sparrow</a>, Passer domesticus (I) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurasian_tree_sparrow" title="Eurasian tree sparrow">Eurasian tree sparrow</a>, Passer montanus (I) (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wagtails_and_pipits">Wagtails and pipits</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=66" title="Edit section: Wagtails and pipits">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Motacillidae" title="Motacillidae">Motacillidae</a> Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws, and pipits. They are slender ground-feeding insectivores of open country. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_yellow_wagtail" title="Eastern yellow wagtail">Eastern yellow wagtail</a>, Motacilla tschutschensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citrine_wagtail" title="Citrine wagtail">Citrine wagtail</a>, Motacilla citreola (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_wagtail" title="Grey wagtail">Grey wagtail</a>, Motacilla cinerea (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_wagtail" title="White wagtail">White wagtail</a>, Motacilla alba (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-throated_pipit" title="Red-throated pipit">Red-throated pipit</a>, Anthus cervinus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_pipit" title="American pipit">American pipit</a>, Anthus rubescens LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprague%27s_pipit" title="Sprague's pipit">Sprague's pipit</a>, Anthus spragueii VU</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Finches,_euphonias,_and_allies">Finches, euphonias, and allies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=67" title="Edit section: Finches, euphonias, and allies">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Fringillidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Fringillidae">Fringillidae</a> Finches are seed-eating passerine birds that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_chaffinch" class="mw-redirect" title="Common chaffinch">Common chaffinch</a>, Fringilla coelebs (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brambling" title="Brambling">Brambling</a>, Fringilla montifringilla (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evening_grosbeak" title="Evening grosbeak">Evening grosbeak</a>, Coccothraustes vespertinus VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawfinch" title="Hawfinch">Hawfinch</a>, Coccothraustes coccothraustes (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_grosbeak" title="Pine grosbeak">Pine grosbeak</a>, Pinicola enucleator LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey-crowned_rosy-finch" class="mw-redirect" title="Grey-crowned rosy-finch">Grey-crowned rosy-finch</a>, Leucosticte tephrocotis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_finch" title="House finch">House finch</a>, Haemorhous mexicanus <a href="#cite_note-16">[note 5]</a> <a href="#cite_note-17">[12]</a> LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purple_finch" title="Purple finch">Purple finch</a>, Haemorhous purpureus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassin%27s_finch" title="Cassin's finch">Cassin's finch</a>, Haemorhous cassinii LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_redpoll" class="mw-redirect" title="Common redpoll">Common redpoll</a>, Acanthis flammea LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoary_redpoll" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoary redpoll">Hoary redpoll</a>, Acanthis hornemanni (Not yet assessed by the IUCN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_crossbill" title="Red crossbill">Red crossbill</a>, Loxia curvirostra LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-winged_crossbill" class="mw-redirect" title="White-winged crossbill">White-winged crossbill</a>, Loxia leucoptera LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_siskin" title="Pine siskin">Pine siskin</a>, Spinus pinus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesser_goldfinch" title="Lesser goldfinch">Lesser goldfinch</a>, Spinus psaltria (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_goldfinch" title="American goldfinch">American goldfinch</a>, Spinus tristis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriental_greenfinch" title="Oriental greenfinch">Oriental greenfinch</a>, Chloris sinica (A) LC</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Longspurs_and_snow_buntings">Longspurs and snow buntings</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=68" title="Edit section: Longspurs and snow buntings">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Calcariidae" title="Calcariidae">Calcariidae</a> The Calcariidae are a group of passerine birds which had been traditionally grouped with the New World sparrows, but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lapland_longspur" title="Lapland longspur">Lapland longspur</a>, Calcarius lapponicus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut-collared_longspur" title="Chestnut-collared longspur">Chestnut-collared longspur</a>, Calcarius ornatus NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith%27s_longspur" title="Smith's longspur">Smith's longspur</a>, Calcarius pictus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thick-billed_longspur" title="Thick-billed longspur">Thick-billed longspur</a>, Rhynchophanes mccownii LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snow_bunting" title="Snow bunting">Snow bunting</a>, Plectrophenax nivalis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McKay%27s_bunting" title="McKay's bunting">McKay's bunting</a>, Plectrophenax hyperboreus (A) LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Old_World_buntings">Old World buntings</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=69" title="Edit section: Old World buntings">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Emberizidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Emberizidae">Emberizidae</a> Emberizidae is a family of passerine birds containing a single genus. Until 2017, the New World sparrows (Passerellidae) were also considered part of this family. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pine_bunting" title="Pine bunting">Pine bunting</a>, Emberiza leucocephalos (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_bunting" title="Little bunting">Little bunting</a>, Emberiza pusilla (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustic_bunting" title="Rustic bunting">Rustic bunting</a>, Emberiza rustica (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-breasted_bunting" title="Yellow-breasted bunting">Yellow-breasted bunting</a>, Emberiza aureola (A) CR</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="New_World_sparrows">New World sparrows</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=70" title="Edit section: New World sparrows">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Passerculus_sandwichensis_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Passerculus_sandwichensis_crop.jpg/220px-Passerculus_sandwichensis_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Passerculus_sandwichensis_crop.jpg/330px-Passerculus_sandwichensis_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Passerculus_sandwichensis_crop.jpg/440px-Passerculus_sandwichensis_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2285" data-file-height="1977" /></a><figcaption>Savannah sparrow</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Passerellidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Passerellidae">Passerellidae</a> Until 2017, these species were considered part of the family Emberizidae. Most of the species are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many of these have distinctive head patterns. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cassin%27s_sparrow" title="Cassin's sparrow">Cassin's sparrow</a>, Peucaea cassinii (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bachman%27s_sparrow" title="Bachman's sparrow">Bachman's sparrow</a>, Peucaea aestivalis (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grasshopper_sparrow" title="Grasshopper sparrow">Grasshopper sparrow</a>, Ammodramus savannarum LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-throated_sparrow" title="Black-throated sparrow">Black-throated sparrow</a>, Amphispiza bilineata (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lark_sparrow" title="Lark sparrow">Lark sparrow</a>, Chondestes grammacus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lark_bunting" title="Lark bunting">Lark bunting</a>, Calamospiza melanocorys LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipping_sparrow" title="Chipping sparrow">Chipping sparrow</a>, Spizella passerina LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clay-coloured_sparrow" class="mw-redirect" title="Clay-coloured sparrow">Clay-coloured sparrow</a>, Spizella pallida LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_sparrow" title="Field sparrow">Field sparrow</a>, Spizella pusilla LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brewer%27s_sparrow" title="Brewer's sparrow">Brewer's sparrow</a>, Spizella breweri LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_sparrow" title="Fox sparrow">Fox sparrow</a>, Passerella iliaca LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_tree_sparrow" title="American tree sparrow">American tree sparrow</a>, Spizelloides arborea LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark-eyed_junco" title="Dark-eyed junco">Dark-eyed junco</a>, Junco hyemalis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-crowned_sparrow" title="White-crowned sparrow">White-crowned sparrow</a>, Zonotrichia leucophrys LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden-crowned_sparrow" title="Golden-crowned sparrow">Golden-crowned sparrow</a>, Zonotrichia atricapilla LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harris%27s_sparrow" title="Harris's sparrow">Harris's sparrow</a>, Zonotrichia querula NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-throated_sparrow" title="White-throated sparrow">White-throated sparrow</a>, Zonotrichia albicollis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagebrush_sparrow" title="Sagebrush sparrow">Sagebrush sparrow</a>, Artemisiospiza nevadensis (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bell%27s_sparrow" title="Bell's sparrow">Bell's sparrow</a>, Artemisiospiza belli (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vesper_sparrow" title="Vesper sparrow">Vesper sparrow</a>, Pooecetes gramineus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LeConte%27s_sparrow" title="LeConte's sparrow">LeConte's sparrow</a>, Ammospiza leconteii LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaside_sparrow" title="Seaside sparrow">Seaside sparrow</a>, Ammospiza maritima (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson%27s_sparrow" title="Nelson's sparrow">Nelson's sparrow</a>, Ammospiza nelsoni LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saltmarsh_sparrow" title="Saltmarsh sparrow">Saltmarsh sparrow</a>, Ammospiza caudacuta (A) EN</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baird%27s_sparrow" title="Baird's sparrow">Baird's sparrow</a>, Centronyx bairdii LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henslow%27s_sparrow" title="Henslow's sparrow">Henslow's sparrow</a>, Centronyx henslowii NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savannah_sparrow" title="Savannah sparrow">Savannah sparrow</a>, Passerculus sandwichensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_sparrow" title="Song sparrow">Song sparrow</a>, Melospiza melodia LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln%27s_sparrow" title="Lincoln's sparrow">Lincoln's sparrow</a>, Melospiza lincolnii LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swamp_sparrow" title="Swamp sparrow">Swamp sparrow</a>, Melospiza georgiana LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green-tailed_towhee" title="Green-tailed towhee">Green-tailed towhee</a>, Pipilo chlorurus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotted_towhee" title="Spotted towhee">Spotted towhee</a>, Pipilo maculatus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_towhee" title="Eastern towhee">Eastern towhee</a>, Pipilo erythrophthalmus LC</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yellow-breasted_chat">Yellow-breasted chat</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=71" title="Edit section: Yellow-breasted chat">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Icteriidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Icteriidae">Icteriidae</a> This species was historically placed in the wood-warblers (Parulidae) but nonetheless most authorities were unsure if it belonged there. It was placed in its own family in 2017. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-breasted_chat" title="Yellow-breasted chat">Yellow-breasted chat</a>, Icteria virens</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Troupials_and_allies">Troupials and allies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=72" title="Edit section: Troupials and allies">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HoodedOriole23.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/HoodedOriole23.jpg/220px-HoodedOriole23.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/28/HoodedOriole23.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="154" /></a><figcaption>Hooded oriole</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Icteridae" class="mw-redirect" title="Icteridae">Icteridae</a> The icterids are a group of small to medium-sized, often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackles, New World blackbirds, and New World orioles. Most species have black as a predominant plumage colour, often enlivened by yellow, orange, or red. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-headed_blackbird" title="Yellow-headed blackbird">Yellow-headed blackbird</a>, Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobolink" title="Bobolink">Bobolink</a>, Dolichonyx oryzivorus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_meadowlark" title="Eastern meadowlark">Eastern meadowlark</a>, Sturnella magna NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_meadowlark" title="Western meadowlark">Western meadowlark</a>, Sturnella neglecta LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchard_oriole" title="Orchard oriole">Orchard oriole</a>, Icterus spurius LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooded_oriole" title="Hooded oriole">Hooded oriole</a>, Icterus cucullatus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullock%27s_oriole" title="Bullock's oriole">Bullock's oriole</a>, Icterus bullockii LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_oriole" title="Baltimore oriole">Baltimore oriole</a>, Icterus galbula LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott%27s_oriole" title="Scott's oriole">Scott's oriole</a>, Icterus parisorum (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red-winged_blackbird" title="Red-winged blackbird">Red-winged blackbird</a>, Agelaius phoeniceus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiny_cowbird" title="Shiny cowbird">Shiny cowbird</a>, Molothrus bonariensis (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronzed_cowbird" title="Bronzed cowbird">Bronzed cowbird</a>, Molothrus aeneus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brown-headed_cowbird" title="Brown-headed cowbird">Brown-headed cowbird</a>, Molothrus ater LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusty_blackbird" title="Rusty blackbird">Rusty blackbird</a>, Euphagus carolinus VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brewer%27s_blackbird" title="Brewer's blackbird">Brewer's blackbird</a>, Euphagus cyanocephalus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_grackle" title="Common grackle">Common grackle</a>, Quiscalus quiscula NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great-tailed_grackle" title="Great-tailed grackle">Great-tailed grackle</a>, Quiscalus mexicanus (A) LC</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="New_World_warblers">New World warblers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=73" title="Edit section: New World warblers">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:8G7D5475-Canada.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/8G7D5475-Canada.jpg/220px-8G7D5475-Canada.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/8G7D5475-Canada.jpg/330px-8G7D5475-Canada.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/8G7D5475-Canada.jpg/440px-8G7D5475-Canada.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1265" data-file-height="769" /></a><figcaption>Canada warbler</figcaption></figure> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Parulidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Parulidae">Parulidae</a> The wood warblers are a group of small, often colourful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are more terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ovenbird" title="Ovenbird">Ovenbird</a>, Seiurus aurocapilla LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worm-eating_warbler" title="Worm-eating warbler">Worm-eating warbler</a>, Helmitheros vermivorus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisiana_waterthrush" title="Louisiana waterthrush">Louisiana waterthrush</a>, Parkesia motacilla LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_waterthrush" title="Northern waterthrush">Northern waterthrush</a>, Parkesia noveboracensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden-winged_warbler" title="Golden-winged warbler">Golden-winged warbler</a>, Vermivora chrysoptera NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue-winged_warbler" title="Blue-winged warbler">Blue-winged warbler</a>, Vermivora cyanoptera LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-and-white_warbler" title="Black-and-white warbler">Black-and-white warbler</a>, Mniotilta varia LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prothonotary_warbler" title="Prothonotary warbler">Prothonotary warbler</a>, Protonotaria citrea LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swainson%27s_warbler" title="Swainson's warbler">Swainson's warbler</a>, Limnothlypis swainsonii (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_warbler" title="Tennessee warbler">Tennessee warbler</a>, Leiothlypis peregrina LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange-crowned_warbler" title="Orange-crowned warbler">Orange-crowned warbler</a>, Leiothlypis celata LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucy%27s_warbler" title="Lucy's warbler">Lucy's warbler</a>, Leiothlypis luciae (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_warbler" title="Nashville warbler">Nashville warbler</a>, Leiothlypis ruficapilla LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia%27s_warbler" title="Virginia's warbler">Virginia's warbler</a>, Leiothlypis virginiae (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connecticut_warbler" title="Connecticut warbler">Connecticut warbler</a>, Oporornis agilis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacGillivray%27s_warbler" title="MacGillivray's warbler">MacGillivray's warbler</a>, Geothlypis tolmiei LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mourning_warbler" title="Mourning warbler">Mourning warbler</a>, Geothlypis philadelphia LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentucky_warbler" title="Kentucky warbler">Kentucky warbler</a>, Geothlypis formosa (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_yellowthroat" title="Common yellowthroat">Common yellowthroat</a>, Geothlypis trichas LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooded_warbler" title="Hooded warbler">Hooded warbler</a>, Setophaga citrina LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_redstart" title="American redstart">American redstart</a>, Setophaga ruticilla LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirtland%27s_warbler" title="Kirtland's warbler">Kirtland's warbler</a>, Setophaga kirtlandii (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_May_warbler" title="Cape May warbler">Cape May warbler</a>, Setophaga tigrina LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cerulean_warbler" title="Cerulean warbler">Cerulean warbler</a>, Setophaga cerulea VU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_parula" title="Northern parula">Northern parula</a>, Setophaga americana LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnolia_warbler" title="Magnolia warbler">Magnolia warbler</a>, Setophaga magnolia LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay-breasted_warbler" title="Bay-breasted warbler">Bay-breasted warbler</a>, Setophaga castanea LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackburnian_warbler" title="Blackburnian warbler">Blackburnian warbler</a>, Setophaga fusca LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_warbler" title="Yellow warbler">Yellow warbler</a>, Setophaga aestiva LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut-sided_warbler" title="Chestnut-sided warbler">Chestnut-sided warbler</a>, Setophaga pensylvanica LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackpoll_warbler" title="Blackpoll warbler">Blackpoll warbler</a>, Setophaga striata NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-throated_blue_warbler" title="Black-throated blue warbler">Black-throated blue warbler</a>, Setophaga caerulescens LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_warbler" title="Palm warbler">Palm warbler</a>, Setophaga palmarum LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_warbler" title="Pine warbler">Pine warbler</a>, Setophaga pinus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-rumped_warbler" title="Yellow-rumped warbler">Yellow-rumped warbler</a>, Setophaga coronata LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow-throated_warbler" title="Yellow-throated warbler">Yellow-throated warbler</a>, Setophaga dominica (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairie_warbler" title="Prairie warbler">Prairie warbler</a>, Setophaga discolor LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace%27s_warbler" title="Grace's warbler">Grace's warbler</a>, Setophaga graciae (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-throated_grey_warbler" class="mw-redirect" title="Black-throated grey warbler">Black-throated grey warbler</a>, Setophaga nigrescens LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Townsend%27s_warbler" title="Townsend's warbler">Townsend's warbler</a>, Setophaga townsendi LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermit_warbler" title="Hermit warbler">Hermit warbler</a>, Setophaga occidentalis (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-throated_green_warbler" title="Black-throated green warbler">Black-throated green warbler</a>, Setophaga virens LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_warbler" title="Canada warbler">Canada warbler</a>, Cardellina canadensis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilson%27s_warbler" title="Wilson's warbler">Wilson's warbler</a>, Cardellina pusilla LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painted_redstart" title="Painted redstart">Painted redstart</a>, Myioborus pictus (A) LC</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cardinals_and_allies">Cardinals and allies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=74" title="Edit section: Cardinals and allies">edit</a>]</div> Order: <a href="/wiki/Passeriformes" class="mw-redirect" title="Passeriformes">Passeriformes</a>   Family: <a href="/wiki/Cardinalidae" title="Cardinalidae">Cardinalidae</a> The cardinals are a family of robust, seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodlands. The sexes usually have distinct plumages. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hepatic_tanager" title="Hepatic tanager">Hepatic tanager</a>, Piranga flava (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_tanager" title="Summer tanager">Summer tanager</a>, Piranga rubra (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarlet_tanager" title="Scarlet tanager">Scarlet tanager</a>, Piranga olivacea LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_tanager" title="Western tanager">Western tanager</a>, Piranga ludoviciana LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_cardinal" title="Northern cardinal">Northern cardinal</a>, Cardinalis cardinalis LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrrhuloxia" title="Pyrrhuloxia">Pyrrhuloxia</a>, Cardinalis sinuatus (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose-breasted_grosbeak" title="Rose-breasted grosbeak">Rose-breasted grosbeak</a>, Pheucticus ludovicianus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-headed_grosbeak" title="Black-headed grosbeak">Black-headed grosbeak</a>, Pheucticus melanocephalus LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_grosbeak" title="Blue grosbeak">Blue grosbeak</a>, Passerina caerulea (A) LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazuli_bunting" title="Lazuli bunting">Lazuli bunting</a>, Passerina amoena LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigo_bunting" title="Indigo bunting">Indigo bunting</a>, Passerina cyanea LC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varied_bunting" title="Varied bunting">Varied bunting</a>, Passerina versicolor (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painted_bunting" title="Painted bunting">Painted bunting</a>, Passerina ciris (A) NT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickcissel" title="Dickcissel">Dickcissel</a>, Spiza americana LC</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=75" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> Mountain quail was introduced to Vancouver Island. </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> California quail were directly introduced to Vancouver Island. The population in eastern British Columbia was either directly introduced or spread north from an introduced population in Washington. </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> Greater prairie-chicken has been extirpated as a self-sustaining population, though there have been scattered sightings in Manitoba and Ontario. </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> "A [house swift] carcass...found in Ladner, British Columbia on 18 May 2012 appears to be the first documented record of this species in the Americas." In 2019 the species was added to the AOS Check-list appendix because it is not certain if it died before or after crossing into Canadian waters. </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> House finch is native to the southwestern U.S. Its range has expanded northward from there naturally. It was introduced to Long Island, New York, in 1939 and has expanded in all directions from there. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=76" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nationalbird.canadiangeographic.ca/">"The National Bird Project"</a>. The Royal Canadian Geographical Society and Canadian Geographic. Retrieved July 1, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+National+Bird+Project&rft.pub=The+Royal+Canadian+Geographical+Society+and+Canadian+Geographic&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnationalbird.canadiangeographic.ca%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+birds+of+Canada" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLepage2021" class="citation web cs1">Lepage, Denis (March 13, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/checklist.jsp?lang=EN&p2=1&list=aou&synlang=&region=CA&version=text&lifelist=&highlight=0">"Checklist of Birds of Canada"</a>. Avibase bird checklists of the world. Retrieved August 12, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Checklist+of+Birds+of+Canada&rft.pub=Avibase+bird+checklists+of+the+world&rft.date=2021-03-13&rft.aulast=Lepage&rft.aufirst=Denis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Favibase.bsc-eoc.org%2Fchecklist.jsp%3Flang%3DEN%26p2%3D1%26list%3Daou%26synlang%3D%26region%3DCA%26version%3Dtext%26lifelist%3D%26highlight%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+birds+of+Canada" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NACC-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NACC_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NACC_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NACC_3-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NACC_3-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-NACC_3-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChesser,_R._T.,_S._M._Billerman,_K._J._Burns,_C._Cicero,_J._L._Dunn,_B._E._Hernández-Baños,_R._A._Jiménez,_A._W._Kratter,_N._A._Mason,_P._C._Rasmussen,_J._V._Remsen,_Jr.,_D._F._Stotz,_and_K._Winker._2022._Check-list_of_North_American_Birds_(online)._American_Ornithological_Society.2022" class="citation web cs1">Chesser, R. T., S. M. Billerman, K. J. Burns, C. Cicero, J. L. Dunn, B. E. Hernández-Baños, R. A. Jiménez, A. W. Kratter, N. A. Mason, P. C. Rasmussen, J. V. Remsen, Jr., D. F. Stotz, and K. Winker. 2022. Check-list of North American Birds (online). American Ornithological Society. (July 29, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://checklist.aou.org/taxa">"Check-list of North and Middle American Birds"</a>. American Ornithological Society. Retrieved July 7, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Check-list+of+North+and+Middle+American+Birds&rft.pub=American+Ornithological+Society&rft.date=2022-07-29&rft.au=Chesser%2C+R.+T.%2C+S.+M.+Billerman%2C+K.+J.+Burns%2C+C.+Cicero%2C+J.+L.+Dunn%2C+B.+E.+Hern%C3%A1ndez-Ba%C3%B1os%2C+R.+A.+Jim%C3%A9nez%2C+A.+W.+Kratter%2C+N.+A.+Mason%2C+P.+C.+Rasmussen%2C+J.+V.+Remsen%2C+Jr.%2C+D.+F.+Stotz%2C+and+K.+Winker.+2022.+Check-list+of+North+American+Birds+%28online%29.+American+Ornithological+Society.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchecklist.aou.org%2Ftaxa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+birds+of+Canada" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_numeric_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/historical.html">"Historical perspective"</a>. U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved April 21, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historical+perspective&rft.pub=U.S.+Geological+Survey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpubs.usgs.gov%2Fgip%2Fdynamic%2Fhistorical.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+birds+of+Canada" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2016. The eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World: v2016. Downloaded from <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/">http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/</a> retrieved 11 August 2016. </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> Chilton, G. (2020). Labrador Duck (Camptorhynchus labradorius), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (A. F. Poole and F. B. Gill, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.labduc.01">https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.labduc.01</a>. Retrieved February 24, 2021. </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> IUCN 2019. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2019-2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.iucnredlist.org">http://www.iucnredlist.org</a>. Downloaded on July 29, 2019. </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> Gutiérrez, R. J. and D. J. Delehanty (2020). Mountain Quail (Oreortyx pictus), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (A. F. Poole and F. B. Gill, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.mouqua.01">https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.mouqua.01</a>. Retrieved February 24, 2021. </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> Calkins, J. D., J. M. Gee, J. C. Hagelin, and D. F. Lott (2020). California Quail (Callipepla californica), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (A. F. Poole, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.calqua.01">https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.calqua.01</a>. Retrieved February 24, 2021. </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> Johnson, J. A., M. A. Schroeder, and L. A. Robb (2020). Greater Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus cupido), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (A. F. Poole, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.grpchi.01">https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.grpchi.01</a>. Retrieved February 24, 2021. </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> Szabo, Ildiko, Kimberly Walters, James Rourke, and Darren E. Irwin. First record of house swift (Apus nipalensis) in the Americas. The Wilson Journal of Ornithology 129(2):411-416, 2017. </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> Badyaev, A. V., V. Belloni, and G. E. Hill (2020). House Finch (Haemorhous mexicanus), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (A. F. Poole, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.houfin.01">https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.houfin.01</a> Retrieved February 24, 2021. </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_birds_of_Canada&action=edit&section=77" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:North_American_birds" title="Template:North American birds"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:North_American_birds" title="Template talk:North American birds"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:North_American_birds" title="Special:EditPage/Template:North American birds"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bird_lists_of_North_America_by_region197" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Bird lists of North America by region</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Alberta" title="List of birds of Alberta">Alberta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_British_Columbia" title="List of birds of British Columbia">British Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Manitoba" title="List of birds of Manitoba">Manitoba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_New_Brunswick" title="List of birds of New Brunswick"> New Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="List of birds of Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Northwest_Territories" title="List of birds of Northwest Territories">Northwest Territories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Nova_Scotia" title="List of birds of Nova Scotia">Nova Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Nunavut" title="List of birds of Nunavut">Nunavut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Ontario" title="List of birds of Ontario">Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Prince_Edward_Island" title="List of birds of Prince Edward Island">Prince Edward Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Quebec" title="List of birds of Quebec">Quebec</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Mont-Tremblant_National_Park" title="List of birds of Mont-Tremblant National Park">Mont-Tremblant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Saskatchewan" title="List of birds of Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Yukon" title="List of birds of Yukon">Yukon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_United_States" title="List of birds of the United States">United States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By political region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Alabama" title="List of birds of Alabama">Alabama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Alaska" title="List of birds of Alaska">Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_American_Samoa" title="List of birds of American Samoa">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Arizona" title="List of birds of Arizona">Arizona</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Yuma_County,_Arizona" title="List of birds of Yuma County, Arizona">Yuma County</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Arkansas" title="List of birds of Arkansas">Arkansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_California" title="List of birds of California">California</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Santa_Cruz_County,_California" title="List of birds of Santa Cruz County, California">Santa Cruz County</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Colorado" title="List of birds of Colorado">Colorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Connecticut" title="List of birds of Connecticut">Connecticut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Delaware" title="List of birds of Delaware">Delaware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Florida" title="List of birds of Florida">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Georgia_(U.S._state)" title="List of birds of Georgia (U.S. state)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Guam" title="List of birds of Guam">Guam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Hawaii" title="List of birds of Hawaii">Hawaii</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_endemic_birds_of_Hawaii" title="List of endemic birds of Hawaii">Endemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bird_species_introduced_to_the_Hawaiian_Islands" title="List of bird species introduced to the Hawaiian Islands">Non-native</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Idaho" title="List of birds of Idaho">Idaho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Illinois" title="List of birds of Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Indiana" title="List of birds of Indiana">Indiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Iowa" title="List of birds of Iowa">Iowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Kansas" title="List of birds of Kansas">Kansas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Kentucky" title="List of birds of Kentucky">Kentucky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Louisiana" title="List of birds of Louisiana">Louisiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Maine" title="List of birds of Maine">Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Maryland" title="List of birds of Maryland">Maryland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Massachusetts" title="List of birds of Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Michigan" title="List of birds of Michigan">Michigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Minnesota" title="List of birds of Minnesota">Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_U.S._Minor_Outlying_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="List of birds of the U.S. Minor Outlying Islands">Minor Outlying Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Mississippi" title="List of birds of Mississippi">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Missouri" title="List of birds of Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Montana" title="List of birds of Montana">Montana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Nebraska" title="List of birds of Nebraska">Nebraska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Nevada" title="List of birds of Nevada">Nevada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_New_Hampshire" title="List of birds of New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_New_Jersey" title="List of birds of New Jersey">New Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_New_Mexico" title="List of birds of New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_New_York_(state)" title="List of birds of New York (state)">New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_North_Carolina" title="List of birds of North Carolina">North Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_North_Dakota" title="List of birds of North Dakota">North Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_Northern_Mariana_Islands" title="List of birds of the Northern Mariana Islands">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Ohio" title="List of birds of Ohio">Ohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Oklahoma" title="List of birds of Oklahoma">Oklahoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Oregon" title="List of birds of Oregon">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Pennsylvania" title="List of birds of Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Puerto_Rico" title="List of birds of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Rhode_Island" title="List of birds of Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_South_Carolina" title="List of birds of South Carolina">South Carolina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_South_Dakota" title="List of birds of South Dakota">South Dakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Tennessee" title="List of birds of Tennessee">Tennessee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Texas" title="List of birds of Texas">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Utah" title="List of birds of Utah">Utah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Vermont" title="List of birds of Vermont">Vermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_U.S._Virgin_Islands" title="List of birds of the U.S. Virgin Islands">Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Virginia" title="List of birds of Virginia">Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Washington_(state)" title="List of birds of Washington (state)">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Washington,_D.C." title="List of birds of Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_West_Virginia" title="List of birds of West Virginia">West Virginia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Wisconsin" title="List of birds of Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Wyoming" title="List of birds of Wyoming">Wyoming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By geographic region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Acadia_National_Park" title="List of birds of Acadia National Park">Acadia National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_Aleutian_Islands" title="List of birds of the Aleutian Islands">Aleutian Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Baxter_State_Park" title="List of birds of Baxter State Park">Baxter State Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Big_Bend_National_Park" title="List of birds of Big Bend National Park">Big Bend National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Biscayne_National_Park" title="List of birds of Biscayne National Park">Biscayne National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Black_Canyon_of_the_Gunnison_National_Park" title="List of birds of Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park">Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Channel_Islands_National_Park" title="List of birds of Channel Islands National Park">Channel Islands National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Cuyahoga_Valley_National_Park" title="List of birds of Cuyahoga Valley National Park">Cuyahoga Valley National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Denali_National_Park_and_Preserve" title="List of birds of Denali National Park and Preserve">Denali National Park and Preserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Dry_Tortugas_National_Park" title="List of birds of Dry Tortugas National Park">Dry Tortugas National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Everglades_National_Park" title="List of birds of Everglades National Park">Everglades National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Glacier_National_Park_(U.S.)" title="List of birds of Glacier National Park (U.S.)">Glacier National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Grand_Canyon_National_Park" title="List of birds of Grand Canyon National Park">Grand Canyon National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Grand_Teton_National_Park" title="List of birds of Grand Teton National Park">Grand Teton National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Great_Smoky_Mountains_National_Park" title="List of birds of Great Smoky Mountains National Park">Great Smoky Mountains National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Guadalupe_Mountains_National_Park" title="List of birds of Guadalupe Mountains National Park">Guadalupe Mountains National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_Indiana_Dunes" title="List of birds of the Indiana Dunes">Indiana Dunes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Isle_Royale_National_Park" title="List of birds of Isle Royale National Park">Isle Royale National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Kenai_Fjords_National_Park" title="List of birds of Kenai Fjords National Park">Kenai Fjords National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_Klamath_Basin" title="List of birds of the Klamath Basin">Klamath Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Mount_Rainier_National_Park" title="List of birds of Mount Rainier National Park">Mount Rainier National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Olympic_National_Park" title="List of birds of Olympic National Park">Olympic National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Rocky_Mountain_National_Park" title="List of birds of Rocky Mountain National Park">Rocky Mountain National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Shenandoah_National_Park" title="List of birds of Shenandoah National Park">Shenandoah National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_Sonoran_Desert" title="List of birds of the Sonoran Desert">Sonoran Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Vieques" title="List of birds of Vieques">Vieques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Yellowstone_National_Park" title="List of birds of Yellowstone National Park">Yellowstone National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Yosemite_National_Park" title="List of birds of Yosemite National Park">Yosemite National Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._county_birds" title="List of U.S. county birds">County birds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._state_birds" title="List of U.S. state birds">State birds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_threatened_birds_of_the_United_States" title="List of threatened birds of the United States">Threatened birds</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Mexico" title="List of birds of Mexico">Mexico</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_Sierra_Madre_Occidental" title="List of birds of the Sierra Madre Occidental">Sierra Madre Occidental</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Caribbean</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="List of birds of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_Bahamas" title="List of birds of the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Barbados" title="List of birds of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Cuba" title="List of birds of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Dominica" title="List of birds of Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Grenada" title="List of birds of Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Hispaniola" title="List of birds of Hispaniola">Hispaniola</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="List of birds of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Haiti" title="List of birds of Haiti">Haiti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Jamaica" title="List of birds of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="List of birds of Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Saint_Lucia" title="List of birds of Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="List of birds of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="List of birds of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Belize" title="List of birds of Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Costa_Rica" title="List of birds of Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_El_Salvador" title="List of birds of El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Guatemala" title="List of birds of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Honduras" title="List of birds of Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Nicaragua" title="List of birds of Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Panama" title="List of birds of Panama">Panama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Anguilla" title="List of birds of Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Aruba" title="List of birds of Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Bermuda" title="List of birds of Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Bonaire" title="List of birds of Bonaire">Bonaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_Cayman_Islands" title="List of birds of the Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Cura%C3%A7ao" title="List of birds of Curaçao">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Guadeloupe" title="List of birds of Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Martinique" title="List of birds of Martinique">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Montserrat" title="List of birds of Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Saba" title="List of birds of Saba">Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy" title="List of birds of Saint Barthélemy">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li>Saint Martin <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Saint_Martin_(island)" title="List of birds of Saint Martin (island)">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Sint_Maarten" title="List of birds of Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" title="List of birds of Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Sint_Eustatius" title="List of birds of Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="List of birds of the Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_Virgin_Islands" title="List of birds of the Virgin Islands">Virgin Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands" title="List of birds of the British Virgin Islands">U.K. Virgin Islands</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Greenland" title="List of birds of Greenland">Greenland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> 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