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content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Khufu_CEM.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1802"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Khufu_CEM.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1201"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="961"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Keops – Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//no.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keops"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Rediger" href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (nb)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//no.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keops"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.no"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom-mating" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Siste_endringer&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Keops rootpage-Keops skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Hopp til innhold</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Nettsted"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hovedmeny" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hovedmeny</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hovedmeny</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasjon </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Forside" title="Gå til hovedsiden [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Forside</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Tilfeldig" title="Vis en tilfeldig side [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Tilfeldig side</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Portal" title="Stedet for å få hjelp"><span>Hjelp</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Siste_endringer" title="Liste over siste endringer på wikien. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Siste endringer</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-prosjekt" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-prosjekt" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Prosjekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Prosjektportal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal"><span>Prosjektportal</span></a></li><li id="n-bidra" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bidra_til_Wikipedia"><span>Hvordan bidra?</span></a></li><li id="n-tinget" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tinget"><span>Tinget</span></a></li><li id="n-torget" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Torget"><span>Torget</span></a></li><li id="n-konkurranser" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Konkurranser"><span>Konkurranser</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-kontakt" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kontakt"><span>Kontakt Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-wmno" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.no" rel="nofollow" title="Medlemsorganisasjon for wikipedianere"><span>Wikimedia Norge</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Forside" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-no.svg" width="121" height="14" style="width: 7.5625em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:S%C3%B8k" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Søk i Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Søk</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Søk i Wikipedia" aria-label="Søk i Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Søk i Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spesial:Søk"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Søk</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personlig"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Endre skriftstørrelse, bredde og farge på siden." > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Utseende" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Utseende</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_no.wikipedia.org&uselang=nb" class=""><span>Doner</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Keops" title="Du oppfordres til å opprette en konto og logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk" class=""><span>Opprett konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Keops" title="Du oppfordres til å logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Logg inn</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out user-links-collapsible-item" title="Flere alternativer" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personlig" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personlig</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Brukermeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_no.wikipedia.org&uselang=nb"><span>Doner</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Keops" title="Du oppfordres til å opprette en konto og logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Opprett konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Keops" title="Du oppfordres til å logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logg inn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Nettsted"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innhold" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Til toppen)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Familie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Familie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Familie</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Familie-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Familie</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Familie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kufus_opphav" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kufus_opphav"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Kufus opphav</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kufus_opphav-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Familietre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Familietre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Familietre</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Familietre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Styre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Styre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Styre</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Styre-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Styre</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Styre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Regjeringstid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regjeringstid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Regjeringstid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regjeringstid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politiske_aktiviteter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politiske_aktiviteter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Politiske aktiviteter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politiske_aktiviteter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wadi_Maghareh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wadi_Maghareh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Wadi Maghareh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wadi_Maghareh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wadi_al-Jarf" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wadi_al-Jarf"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Wadi al-Jarf</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wadi_al-Jarf-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monumenter_og_statuer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monumenter_og_statuer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Monumenter og statuer</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Monumenter_og_statuer-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Monumenter og statuer</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Monumenter_og_statuer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Statuer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statuer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Statuer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statuer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referanser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referanser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referanser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referanser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_lenker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_lenker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Eksterne lenker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_lenker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Keops</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 75 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keops" title="Keops – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Keops" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheops" title="Cheops – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Cheops" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Choefoe" title="Choefoe – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Choefoe" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88" title="خوفو – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="خوفو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xeops" title="Xeops – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Xeops" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88" title="خوفو – søraserbajdsjansk" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="خوفو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="søraserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%96%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%81" title="খুফু – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="খুফু" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khufu" title="Khufu – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Khufu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81" title="Хеопс – basjkirsk" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Хеопс" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkirsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81" title="Хеопс – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Хеопс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81" title="Хеопс – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Хеопс" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%27houfou" title="C'houfou – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="C'houfou" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%A8ops" title="Quèops – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Quèops" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81" title="Хеопс – tsjuvasjisk" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хеопс" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tsjuvasjisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chufu" title="Chufu – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chufu" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khufu" title="Khufu – walisisk" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Khufu" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheops" title="Cheops – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Cheops" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hufu" title="Hufu – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Hufu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%AD%CF%89%CF%88" title="Χέωψ – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χέωψ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khufu" title="Khufu – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Khufu" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keops" title="Keops – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Keops" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A4ufu" title="Ĥufu – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĥufu" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keops" title="Keops – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Keops" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88" title="خوفو – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خوفو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%A9ops" title="Khéops – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Khéops" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BAf%C3%BA" title="Cúfú – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cúfú" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queops" title="Queops – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Queops" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BF%A0%ED%91%B8" title="쿠푸 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="쿠푸" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%A5%D5%B8%D6%83%D5%BD" title="Քեոփս – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քեոփս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kufu" title="Kufu – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kufu" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khufu_(firaun)" title="Khufu (firaun) – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Khufu (firaun)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheope" title="Cheope – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cheope" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%27%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%95" title="ח'ופו – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ח'ופו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%81" title="ಕುಫು – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕುಫು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="anbefalt artikkel-merke"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khufu" title="Khufu – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Khufu" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ხეოფსი – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ხეოფსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheops" title="Cheops – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cheops" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heopss" title="Heopss – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Heopss" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheopsas" title="Cheopsas – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Cheopsas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hufu" title="Hufu – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hufu" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%84%D1%83" title="Куфу – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Куфу" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88" title="خوفو – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="خوفو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khufu" title="Khufu – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Khufu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%84%D1%83" title="Хуфу – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хуфу" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%B0%E1%80%96%E1%80%B0%E1%80%B8%E1%80%98%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9B%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ကူဖူးဘုရင် – burmesisk" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကူဖူးဘုရင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheops_(farao)" title="Cheops (farao) – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cheops (farao)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%95" title="クフ – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クフ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Que%C3%B2ps" title="Queòps – oksitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Queòps" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xeops" title="Xeops – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Xeops" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheops" title="Cheops – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cheops" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%C3%A9ops" title="Quéops – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Quéops" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khufu" title="Khufu – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Khufu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81" title="Хеопс – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хеопс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khufu" title="Khufu – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Khufu" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chufu" title="Chufu – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chufu" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmerket artikkel-merke"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keops" title="Keops – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Keops" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheops" title="Cheops – schlesisk" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Cheops" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="schlesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81" title="Кеопс – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кеопс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keops" title="Keops – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Keops" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khufu" title="Khufu – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Khufu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khufu" title="Khufu – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Khufu" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="கூபு – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கூபு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%96%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%AB%E0%B1%81" title="ఖుఫు – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఖుఫు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B9" title="ฟาโรห์คูฟู – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟาโรห์คูฟู" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81" title="Хеопс – tadsjikisk" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Хеопс" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keops" title="Keops – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Keops" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heops" title="Heops – turkmensk" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Heops" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%81" title="Хеопс – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хеопс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%81%D9%88" title="خوفو – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="خوفو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khufu" title="Khufu – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khufu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khufu" title="Khufu – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Khufu" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%A4%AB" title="胡夫 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="胡夫" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khufu" title="Khufu – joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Khufu" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%A4%AB" title="古夫 – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="古夫" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%A4%AB" title="胡夫 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="胡夫" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q161904#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Keops" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskusjon:Keops&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden (ikke skrevet ennå) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Bytt språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">norsk bokmål</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visninger"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Keops"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=history" title="Tidligere sideversjoner av denne siden [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktøy" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktøy</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktøy</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Flere alternativer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handlinger </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Keops"><span>Les</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&veaction=edit" title="Rediger siden [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Rediger</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=edit" title="Rediger kildekoden for denne siden [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Rediger kilde</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=history"><span>Vis historikk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Generelt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Lenker_hit/Keops" title="Liste over alle wikisider som lenker hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Lenker hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Relaterte_endringer/Keops" rel="nofollow" title="Siste endringer i sider som blir lenket fra denne siden [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterte endringer</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=no" title="Last opp filer [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Last opp fil</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Spesialsider" title="Liste over alle spesialsider [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesialsider</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&oldid=21936298" title="Permanent lenke til denne versjonen av siden"><span>Permanent lenke</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=info" title="Mer informasjon om denne siden"><span>Sideinformasjon</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Siteringshjelp&page=Keops&id=21936298&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasjon om hvordan denne siden kan siteres"><span>Siter denne siden</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKeops"><span>Hent forkortet URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fno.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKeops"><span>Last ned QR-kode</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut / eksporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Keops&action=show-download-screen"><span>Last ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvennlig versjon av denne siden [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvennlig versjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andre prosjekter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Khufu" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q161904" title="Lenke til koblet dataregisterelement [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-element</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sideverktøy"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Fra Wikipedia, den frie encyklopedi</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nb" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24829246">.mw-parser-output .wb-edithandle{display:none;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .wd-editable-show .wb-edithandle{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .wd-editable-hide .wb-edithandle{display:none}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks{float:right;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:3px;margin:0.5em 0em 1em 1em;background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black;vertical-align:top;text-align:left;font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output table.infoboks tr.overskrift 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th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.infrastruktur tr.overskrift th{background-color:#f9f9f9;color:black}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.ekstrabred tr.overskrift td{font-size:larger}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad th{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}.mw-parser-output .infoboks.bordered tr.rad td{border-bottom:1px solid #ccc}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r24829246"><table class="infobox infoboks biografi fastbredde"><tbody><tr class="hode overskrift"><th colspan="4">Kufu<div style="font-size:65%">Farao av <a href="/wiki/Oldtidens_Egypt" title="Oldtidens Egypt">oldtidens Egypt</a></div></th></tr> <tr class="bilde" valign="top"><td colspan="4" class="sentrert"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Khufu_CEM.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Khufu_CEM.jpg/250px-Khufu_CEM.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="375" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Khufu_CEM.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="277" data-file-height="416" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><div class="thumbcaption">Statuett av Kufu i museet i Kairo<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23957101">.mw-parser-output .byline{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .byline .hidden{display:none}</style><div class="byline"></div></div></td></tr> <tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><span class="edit-props-marker edit-props-P1477 edit-props-P569 edit-props-P19">Født</span></th><td colspan="2"><span><a href="/w/index.php?title=27._%C3%A5rhundre_f.Kr.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="27. århundre f.Kr. (ikke skrevet ennå)">27. århundre f.Kr.</a></span><span class="wb-edithandle" data-bridge-edit-flow="single-best-value"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161904?uselang=nb#P569" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2"><span class="edit-props-marker edit-props-P570 edit-props-P20 edit-props-P509">Død</span></th><td colspan="2">2566 f.Kr.<br /><a href="/wiki/Kheopspyramiden" title="Kheopspyramiden">Kheopspyramiden</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Beskjeftigelse</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Statsmann" title="Statsmann">Statsmann</a> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161904?uselang=nb#P106" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Embete</th><td colspan="2"><ul style="list-style:none none; padding:0px; margin:0px"><li><a href="/wiki/Farao" title="Farao">Farao</a></li><li>Farao i 4. dynasti</li><li>Farao i Det Gamle Rike <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161904?uselang=nb#P39" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Ektefelle</th><td colspan="2">Meritites I,<br /> Henutsen,<br /> pluss to andre dronninger hvis navn ikke lenger er kjent<sup id="cite_ref-names_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-names-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Far</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Sneferu" title="Sneferu">Sneferu</a></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Mor</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Heteferes_I" title="Heteferes I">Heteferes I</a></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Søsken</th><td colspan="2"> <div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"> <div class="sentrert">8 oppføringer</div> <div class="mw-collapsible-content">Hetepheres<br />Henutsen<br />Nefertkau I<br />Ankhhaf<br />Ranefer<br />Kanefer<br />Nefermaat<br /><a href="/wiki/Prins_Rahotep" title="Prins Rahotep">Prins Rahotep</a></div> </div> </td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Barn</th><td colspan="2">Kawab, Djedefhor, Heteferes II, Meritites II, Meresankh II, Baufra, Djedefra, Minkhaf I, Khafre, Khufukhaf I, Babaef I, Horbaef, Nefertiabet, muligens Khamerernebty I, muligens Nefermaat II<sup id="cite_ref-DH_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Nasjonalitet</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Oldtidens_Egypt" title="Oldtidens Egypt">Oldtidens Egypt</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Det_gamle_rike_i_Egypt" title="Det gamle rike i Egypt">Det gamle rike i Egypt</a></td></tr><tr class="rad" valign="top"><th colspan="2" class="nowrap">Gravlagt</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kheopspyramiden" title="Kheopspyramiden">Kheopspyramiden</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Annet navn</th><td colspan="2">Keops, Súfis</td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Regjeringstid</th><td colspan="2">2589–2566 f.Kr.<sup id="cite_ref-names_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-names-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (63 år i henhold til <a href="/wiki/Manetho" title="Manetho">Manetho</a>); (23 eller 46 år i henhold til dagens historikere) <sup id="cite_ref-ToSch_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ToSch-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Forgjenger</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Sneferu" title="Sneferu">Sneferu</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><th colspan="2">Etterfølger</th><td colspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Djedefre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djedefre (ikke skrevet ennå)">Djedefre</a></td></tr><tr class="rad"><td colspan="4"><hr /><div class="sentrert"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Khufu" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Khufu">Keops på Commons</a></div></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Keops</b> eller riktigere <b>Kufu</b>, opprinnelig <b>Khnum-Kufu</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> er fødenavnet på <a href="/wiki/Farao" title="Farao">farao</a> i <a href="/wiki/4._egyptiske_dynasti" title="4. egyptiske dynasti">fjerde dynasti</a> i <a href="/wiki/Oldtidens_Egypt" title="Oldtidens Egypt">oldtidens Egypt</a> og som styrte i første halvdel av epoken <a href="/wiki/Det_gamle_rike_i_Egypt" title="Det gamle rike i Egypt">det gamle rike</a> (2500-tallet f.Kr.). Han var den andre farao av fjerde dynasti. Han etterfulgte sin mulige far, farao <a href="/wiki/Sneferu" title="Sneferu">Sneferu</a>, på tronen. Han er akseptert som den som bygde <a href="/wiki/Kheopspyramiden" title="Kheopspyramiden">den store pyramiden</a> på <a href="/wiki/Gizaplat%C3%A5et" title="Gizaplatået">Gizaplatået</a>, en av <a href="/wiki/Verdens_syv_underverker" title="Verdens syv underverker">verdens syv underverker</a> i <a href="/wiki/Antikken" title="Antikken">antikken</a>, men mange andre aspekter av hans styre er dårlig dokumentert.<sup id="cite_ref-ToSch_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ToSch-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AiDo_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AiDo-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kufu er velkjent under sitt greske navn <i>Keops</i> eller <i>Khêops</i> (<a href="/wiki/Gresk" title="Gresk">gresk</a>: Χέοψ, ved <a href="/wiki/Herodot" title="Herodot">Herodotos</a> og <a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a>) og mindre kjent under sitt andre greske navn <i>Súfis</i> (gresk: Σοῦφις, ved <a href="/wiki/Manetho" title="Manetho">Manetho</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-ToSch_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ToSch-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AiDo_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AiDo-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> En sjeldnere utgave av hans navn er <i>Sofe</i> (gresk: Σοφe, ved <a href="/wiki/Josefus" title="Josefus">Josefus</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Senere <a href="/wiki/Arabere" title="Arabere">arabiske</a> historikere, som skrev <a href="/wiki/Mystikk" title="Mystikk">mystiske</a> fortellinger om Kufu og pyramidene, kalte ham for <i>Saurid</i> eller <i>Salhuk</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-GMT_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GMT-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Den eneste fullstendige bevarte portrett av farao en statuett av <a href="/wiki/Elfenbein" class="mw-redirect" title="Elfenbein">elfenbein</a> på tre tommer som ble funnet i <a href="/wiki/1903" title="1903">1903</a> i en tempelruin fra en senere periode ved <a href="/wiki/Abydos_(Egypt)" title="Abydos (Egypt)">Abydos</a>. Alle andre relieffer og statuer er blitt som fragmenter, og mange bygninger tilhørende Kufu er gått tapt i århundrenes løp. Alt som er kjent om ham er fra inskripsjoner i hans <a href="/wiki/Nekropolis" title="Nekropolis">nekropolis</a> ved <a href="/wiki/Giza" title="Giza">Giza</a> og fra senere dokumenter. Eksempelvis er Kufu hovedrollen i det berømte <a href="/w/index.php?title=Westcar-papyrusen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Westcar-papyrusen (ikke skrevet ennå)">Westcar-papyrusen</a> fra <a href="/wiki/13._egyptiske_dynasti" title="13. egyptiske dynasti">trettende dynasti</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ToSch_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ToSch-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AiDo_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AiDo-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De fleste dokumenter som nevner kong Kufu ble skrevet av oldtidens egyptiske og greske historikere i tiden rundt 300 f.Kr. Kufus nekrolog er bevart der på selvmotsigende vis. Mens kongen fikk en langvarig kulturarv bevart i perioden under <a href="/wiki/Det_gamle_rike_i_Egypt" title="Det gamle rike i Egypt">det gamle rike</a> og <a href="/wiki/Det_nye_rike_i_Egypt" title="Det nye rike i Egypt">det nye rike</a>, kom oldtidshistorikere som <a href="/wiki/Manetho" title="Manetho">Manetho</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herodot" title="Herodot">Herodotos</a> og <a href="/wiki/Diodorus_Siculus" title="Diodorus Siculus">Diodorus Siculus</a> til å overlevere en meget negativ beskrivelse av Kufus vesen og figur. Takket være disse dokumentene har et uklart og kritisk-negativt bilde av Kufus personlighet blitt bevart.<sup id="cite_ref-ToSch_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ToSch-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AiDo_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AiDo-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Familie">Familie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Familie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Familie"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kufus_opphav">Kufus opphav</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Kufus opphav" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kufus opphav"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Snofru_Eg_Mus_Kairo_2002_b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Snofru_Eg_Mus_Kairo_2002_b.jpg/170px-Snofru_Eg_Mus_Kairo_2002_b.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Snofru_Eg_Mus_Kairo_2002_b.jpg/255px-Snofru_Eg_Mus_Kairo_2002_b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Snofru_Eg_Mus_Kairo_2002_b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="263" data-file-height="395" /></a><figcaption>Portrett av Sneferu, Kufus far eller stefar.</figcaption></figure> <p>Den kongelige familie til Kufu var ganske stor. Det er usikkert om Kufu var den faktiske biologiske sønnen av Sneferu. Egyptologer tror generelt at Sneferu var hans far, men kun grunnet at den vanlige tradisjonen var at den eldste sønnen eller en utvalgt etterkommer arvet tronen.<sup id="cite_ref-DH_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I 1925 ble graven til dronning <a href="/wiki/Heteferes_I" title="Heteferes I">Heteferes I</a>, <i>G 7000x</i>, funnet øst for Kufus pyramide. Den inneholdt mange kostbare gravgaver, og flere inskripsjoner oppga hennes tittel som «Kongens mor» (<i>Mut-nesut</i>), sammen med navnet til kong Sneferu. Det synes derfor klart Heteferes var hustru av Sneferu, og at de var Kufus foreldre. I nyere tid har denne teorien blitt betvilt grunnet at Heteferes ikke er kjent for å ha hatt tittelen «Kongens hustru» (<i>Hemet-nesut</i>), en tittel uunnværlig for å bekrefte en dronnings kongelige status.<sup id="cite_ref-DH_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SiRo_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SiRo-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Istedenfor ektefellens tittel, bar Heteferes kun tittelen som tilsvarte en «biologiske datter av en gud» (<i>Sat-netjer-khetef</i>, bokstavelig <i>datter av hans guddommelige legeme</i>), en tittel som nevnes for første gang.<sup id="cite_ref-SiRo_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SiRo-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Som et resultat tror forskerne nå at Kufu ikke kan ha vært Sneferus biologiske sønn, men at Sneferu legitimerte Kufus rang og familieposisjon ved ekteskap, og ved <i><a href="/wiki/Apotropaion" title="Apotropaion">apotropaion</a></i>, hans mor som datteren av en levende gud. En annen ledetråd som kan støtte denne teorien ligger i det at Kufus mor ble gravlagt i nærheten av sin sønn, det vil si ikke i nekropolisen til hennes ektefelle slik det vanligvis ble gjort.<sup id="cite_ref-DH_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SiRo_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SiRo-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PM_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PM-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Familietre">Familietre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: Familietre" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Familietre"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:GraniteSlabWithNameOfKhufu-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/GraniteSlabWithNameOfKhufu-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg/250px-GraniteSlabWithNameOfKhufu-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="428" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/GraniteSlabWithNameOfKhufu-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg/375px-GraniteSlabWithNameOfKhufu-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/GraniteSlabWithNameOfKhufu-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg/500px-GraniteSlabWithNameOfKhufu-BritishMuseum-August19-08.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2040" data-file-height="3492" /></a><figcaption>Granittfragment med Khufus horusnavn <i>Medjedu</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Hans foreldre var farao Sneferu (mulig hans far eller kun stefar) og dronning Heteferes.<sup id="cite_ref-DH_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SiRo_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SiRo-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PM_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PM-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Han hadde to hustruer, dronning Meritites I (Kufus førstehustru) og dronning Henutsen (andrehustru).<sup id="cite_ref-DH_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SiRo_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SiRo-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hans brødre og søstre var prinsesse Heteferes, Ankhhaf (eldste bror), Nefermaat (halvbror) og Rahotep, hans eldre bror eller halvbror.<sup id="cite_ref-DH_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SiRo_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SiRo-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kufu hadde mange barn. Hans sønner var Kawab (kronprins), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Djedefra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Djedefra (ikke skrevet ennå)">Djedefra</a> (eldste sønn og første til av arve tronen), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kafre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kafre (ikke skrevet ennå)">Kafre</a> (andre til tronen), Djedefhor (også kjent som Hordjedef), Baufra (muligens en sønn av Kufu, men ingen arkeologiske eller samtidige dokumentasjon har bekreftet det, og er kun kjent fra senere dokumentasjon), Babaef I, også kjent som Khnum-baf, Khufukhaf I, Minkhaf I og Horbaef.<sup id="cite_ref-DH_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SiRo_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SiRo-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PM_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PM-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kufu hadde også døtre: Nefertiabet, Heteferes II (gift med prins Kawab, og senere med farao Djedefra), Meresankh II, Meritites II (gift med Akhethotep) og Khamerernebty I (gift med farao Khafre og mor til Menkaura).<sup id="cite_ref-DH_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SiRo_9-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SiRo-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Et stort antall barnebarn er detektert: Duaenhor (sønn av Kawab, muligens eldste barnebarn), Kaemsekhem (andre sønn av Kawab), Mindjedef, også kjent som Djedefmin, Djaty (sønn av Horbaef) og Iunmin I (sønn av Kafre). Den eneste som er sikkert dokumentert som nevø, er Hemiunu og som ledet byggearbeidet av Kufus store pyramide. Den eneste kjente niesen var Nefertkau III, en datter av Meresankh II.<sup id="cite_ref-DH_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DH-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SiRo_9-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SiRo-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PM_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PM-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Styre">Styre</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Styre" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Styre"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regjeringstid">Regjeringstid</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Regjeringstid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Regjeringstid"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Det er uklart hvor lenge Kufu styrte over Egypt. Kongelisten i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turinopapyrusen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turinopapyrusen (ikke skrevet ennå)">Turinopapyrusen</a> oppgir 23 år, men den greske historikeren Herodotos har oppgitt det runde tallet 50 år, mens den egyptiske oldtidshistorikeren Manetho har gitt hele 63 år. Disse tallene er alle betraktet som overdrivelser eller feiltolkninger av tidligere kilder.<sup id="cite_ref-ToSch_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ToSch-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Samtidige kilder fra rundt Kufus tid har gitt to viktige biter med informasjon: en av dem ble avdekket ved <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dakhlaoasen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dakhlaoasen (ikke skrevet ennå)">Dakhlaoasen</a> sør i <a href="/wiki/Den_libyske_%C3%B8rken" title="Den libyske ørken">Den libyske ørken</a>. Kufus <a href="/wiki/Serekh" title="Serekh">serekhnavn</a> er hogd i fjellet med en inskripsjon som forteller at «Mefat-reisende i året etter det 13. krøttertelling under Hor-Medjedu».<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Den andre kilden ble funnet i de indre kamrene av Kufus pyramide over gravkammeret. En av disse inskripsjonene nevner et mannskap av arbeidere som ble kalt for «venner av Kufu»; imidlertid er det ingen kjent inskripsjon «nevner et År av 17. gang med krøttertelling» som <a href="/wiki/Flinders_Petrie" class="mw-redirect" title="Flinders Petrie">Flinders Petrie</a> nevner i <a href="/wiki/1883" title="1883">1883</a>. Petries påstand om et 17. år av Kufu<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> var kanskje basert på en feillesning av Karl Richard Lepsius i dennes verk <i>Denkmaeler aus Aegypten und Aethiopien</i>. Abtheilung II., bind 1 fra 1842, som viser et 16. årstelling i et steinbruddsmarkering fra en av pyramidene i <a href="/wiki/Dahshur" title="Dahshur">Dahshur</a> til farao Sneferu, sammen med steinbrudsmerker i de indre kamrene av den store pyramide på Gizaplatået.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Derfor er Kufus høyeste kjente og sikkert bevarte dato Året etter 13. krøttertelling, det vil si År 27, av hans regjeringstid, forutsatt at krøttertelling ble holdt hvert andre år (hvilket var tradisjonen minst fra til slutten av Snefrus regjeringstid). Den kan bevise at Kufu styrte i minst 26 år, og muligens i mer enn 34 år.<sup id="cite_ref-ToSch_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ToSch-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politiske_aktiviteter">Politiske aktiviteter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: Politiske aktiviteter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Politiske aktiviteter"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Det er kun noen få antydninger om Kufus politiske aktiviteter innenfor og utenfor Egypt. Innenfor Egypt er han dokumentert i flere inskripsjoner på bygninger, monumenter og statuer. Kufus navn opptrer i inskripsjoner ved <a href="/w/index.php?title=El_Kab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El Kab (ikke skrevet ennå)">El Kab</a> og på <a href="/wiki/Elefantine" title="Elefantine">Elefantine</a>, og ved lokale steinbrudd ved Hatnub og Wadi Hammamat. Ved <a href="/wiki/Saqqara" title="Saqqara">Saqqara</a> har det blitt funnet to terrakottastatuetter av gudinnen <a href="/wiki/Bast" title="Bast">Bast</a> og ved deres sokkel har <a href="/wiki/Horus" title="Horus">horusnavnet</a> til Kufu blitt risset inn. De ble lagret ved Saqqara i løpet av <a href="/wiki/Mellomriket_i_Egypt" title="Mellomriket i Egypt">mellomriket</a>, men de kan ha bli skapt under Kufus tid.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wadi_Maghareh">Wadi Maghareh</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Rediger avsnitt: Wadi Maghareh" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Wadi Maghareh"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Khufu_Wadi_Maghara_LEFT.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Khufu_Wadi_Maghara_LEFT.png/250px-Khufu_Wadi_Maghara_LEFT.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Khufu_Wadi_Maghara_LEFT.png 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="238" /></a><figcaption>Avtegning av et relieff med Kufu i tradisjonell positur fra Wadi Maghareh.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Ved <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wadi_Maghareh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wadi Maghareh (ikke skrevet ennå)">Wadi Maghareh</a> på <a href="/wiki/Sinai" class="mw-disambig" title="Sinai">Sinai</a> har en inskripsjon i fjellet avbildet Kufu med den egyptiske dobbeltkronen. Det er kjent at Kufu sendte flere ekspedisjoner dit i et forsøk på å finne turkis og kobbergruver. Som andre konger, som Sekhemkhet, Sneferu og Sahure, som også er avbildet i imponerende relieffer der, var Kufu på jakt etter særlig disse to ettertraktede mineralene.<sup id="cite_ref-JaHe_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JaHe-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kufu inngikk også kontrakter med <a href="/wiki/Byblos" class="mw-redirect" title="Byblos">Byblos</a>. Han sendte flere ekspedisjoner til Byblos i et forsøk på å handle kobberredskaper og våpen for kostbart <a href="/wiki/Sederslekten" title="Sederslekten">sedertømmer</a>. Dette tømmeret var vesentlig for å bygge store og stabile skip, og de gravbåter som ble avdekket ved Kufus pyramider var gjort av seder fra Byblos.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wadi_al-Jarf">Wadi al-Jarf</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Rediger avsnitt: Wadi al-Jarf" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Wadi al-Jarf"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nye bevis angående de politiske aktivitetene under Kufus styre har nylig blitt funnet ved stedet til oldtidens havneby <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wadi_al-Jarf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wadi al-Jarf (ikke skrevet ennå)">Wadi al-Jarf</a> ved kysten av <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B8dehavet" title="Rødehavet">Rødehavet</a>. De første sporene etter havnen ble allerede utgravd i <a href="/wiki/1823" title="1823">1823</a> ved John Gardner Wilkinson og James Burton, men stedet ble raskt oppgitt og deretter glemt. I <a href="/wiki/1954" title="1954">1954</a> gjorde de franske forskerne François Bissey og René Chabot-Morisseau nye utgravninger ved havnen, men deres arbeid stoppet også opp etter en tid. Grunnen denne gang var <a href="/wiki/Suezkrisen" title="Suezkrisen">Suezkrisen</a>. I juni <a href="/wiki/2011" title="2011">2011</a> gjenopptok en fransk arkeologisk gruppe under ledelse av Pierre Tallét og Gregory Marouard, organisert av Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale (IFAO; Det franske instituttet for orientalsk arkeologi) arbeidet. Blant annet materiale ble en samling på flere hundre papyrusfragmenter funnet ved stedet.<sup id="cite_ref-MAP_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MAP-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PTH_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PTH-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ti av disse papyrusene var i meget god stand. De fleste av dokumentene er datert til det 27. år av Kufus styre. De beskrev hvordan sentraladministrasjonen sendte mat og forsyninger til sjøfolk og bryggearbeidere. Et dokument er av særlig interesse: dagboken til en myndighetsperson ved navn Mererer som var involvert i byggingen av den store pyramiden. Ved hjelp av dagboken kunne forskerne rekonstruere tre måneder av hans liv, noe som har gitt ny innsikt i dagliglivet til befolkningen i fjerde dynasti. Disse papyrusene er de tidligste eksemplene på papyrus med preging som noen gang er funnet i Egypt. Andre inskripsjoner, funnet på kalksteinsveggene i havnen, nevner lederen for de kongelige skriverne som kontrollerte varebyttehandelen, Idu.<sup id="cite_ref-MAP_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MAP-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PTH_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PTH-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kafus <a href="/wiki/Kartusj" title="Kartusj">kartusjnavn</a> er også risset inn på en del tunge kalksteinsblokker ved stedet. Havnen var av strategisk og økonomisk betydning for Kafu ettersom skip losset verdifulle varer som blant annet <a href="/wiki/Turkis" title="Turkis">turkis</a>, kobber og annet metall fra sørenden av Sinaihalvøya. Papyrusfragmentene viser flere lagerlister som navngir varene. De nevner også en bestemt havn på motsatt kysten av Wadi al-Jarf, på vestkysten av Sinaihalvøya hvor den gamle festningen <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tell_Ras_Budran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tell Ras Budran (ikke skrevet ennå)">Tell Ras Budran</a> ble utgravd i <a href="/wiki/1960" title="1960">1960</a> av <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gregory_Mumford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gregory Mumford (ikke skrevet ennå)">Gregory Mumford</a>. Papyrusene og festningene avslører til sammen en særskilt skipsrute over Rødehavet for første gang i historien. Det er den eldste arkeologiske oppsporte skipsrute i oldtidens Egypt. I henhold til Tallét, kunnen hvanen også ha vært en av de legendariske havnene for skipsfart ut i åpent hav i Egypt, fra hvor ekspedisjoner til <a href="/wiki/Punt" class="mw-redirect" title="Punt">Punt</a>, det berømte landet med gull, begynte.<sup id="cite_ref-MAP_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MAP-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PTH_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PTH-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Monumenter_og_statuer">Monumenter og statuer</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Rediger avsnitt: Monumenter og statuer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=edit&section=9" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Monumenter og statuer"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Khufu2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Khufu2.jpg/250px-Khufu2.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Khufu2.jpg/375px-Khufu2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Khufu2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="472" data-file-height="628" /></a><figcaption>Elfenbeinstatuett av farao Kufu (utsnitt)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Statuer">Statuer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Rediger avsnitt: Statuer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=edit&section=10" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Statuer"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Den eneste tredimensjonale beskrivelse av Kufu som har blitt bevart bortimot fullstandig er en liten og meget restaurert elfenbeinstatuett som viser kongen med den røde krone til <a href="/wiki/Nedre_Egypt" title="Nedre Egypt">Nedre Egypt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ZaHa_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZaHa-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kongen sitter på en trone med en kort stolrygg. På venstre side av knærne er hans horusnavn <i>Medjedu</i> bevart, og ved høyre side er kun levningene av den nedre delen av hans kartusjnavn <i>Khnum-Khuf</i> synlig. Kufu holder en treskestav i sin venstre hånd, hans høyre hviler sammen med underarmen på hans høyre overfot. </p><p>Gjenstanden ble funnet i 1903 av <a href="/wiki/Flinders_Petrie" class="mw-redirect" title="Flinders Petrie">Flinders Petrie</a> ved <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kom_el-Sultan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kom el-Sultan (ikke skrevet ennå)">Kom el-Sultan</a> i nærheten av Abydos. Statuetten ble funnet uten hode, og i henhold til Petrie skjedde det ved et uhell under utgravningen. Da Petrie forsto figurens betydning, stoppet han alt arbeid og tilbød belønning for den som fant hodet. Tre uker senere ble hodet funnet etter omfattende sikting i et dypere nivå av grusen.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I dag er den lille statuetten restaurert og stilt ut ved <a href="/wiki/Det_egyptiske_museet" title="Det egyptiske museet">Det egyptiske museet</a> i <a href="/wiki/Kairo" title="Kairo">Kairo</a> i rom 32 under dets invetarnummer <i>JE 36143</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-AES_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AES-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De fleste egyptologer mener at statuetten er samtidig, men en del forskere tror det er en kunstnerisk reproduksjon fra <a href="/wiki/26._egyptiske_dynasti" title="26. egyptiske dynasti">26. egyptiske dynasti</a> i <a href="/wiki/Senepoken_i_Egypt" title="Senepoken i Egypt">senepoken</a>. Argumentasjonen for sistnevnte er at ingen bygning fra 4. dynasti har noen gang blitt utgravd ved Kom el-Sultan eller Abydos. Ansiktet til Kufu er uvanlig kort og tykk og viser ingen følelsesuttrykk. Sammenlignet med ansiktene til statuer av samtidige konger som Sneferu, Khaefra og Menkaura viser disse skjønnhet, smale og med en form for vennlig uttrykk, et åpenbart resultat av idealistisk motivering som ikke er basert på virkeligheten. Framtoningen til Kufu på elfenbeinstatuetten synes som om kunstneren ikke brydde seg mye om håndverksmessig flid. Av den grunn ville Kufu selv neppe ha tillatt et slikt arbeid. Selve tronen som figuren sitter på er ikke sammenfallende med noen kunstnerisk stil av gjenstander fra det gamle rike. Tronene fra det gamle rike hadde en stolrygg som nådde opp til kongens nakke. Et annet bevis for at statuetten er av senere tid er <i>Nehenekh</i>-treskestaven som Kufu holder i venstre hånd. Avbildninger av en konge med en slik stav som et seremonielt verdighetstegn opptrer ellers ikke tidligere enn <a href="/wiki/Mellomriket_i_Egypt" title="Mellomriket i Egypt">mellomriket</a>. Statuetten kan derfor være en <a href="/wiki/Amulett" title="Amulett">amulett</a> gjort eller solgt til fromme mennesker i senepoken.<sup id="cite_ref-ZaHa_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ZaHa-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AES_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AES-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referanser">Referanser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Rediger avsnitt: Referanser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=edit&section=11" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Referanser"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-names-1"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-names_1-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-names_1-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Clayton, Peter A. (2006): <i>Chronicle of the Pharaohs</i>. Thames and Hudson, London, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9780500286289" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-500-28628-9</a>, s. 42</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DH-2"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-DH_2-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DH_2-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DH_2-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DH_2-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DH_2-4"><sup>e</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DH_2-5"><sup>f</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DH_2-6"><sup>g</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DH_2-7"><sup>h</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DH_2-8"><sup>i</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DH_2-9"><sup>j</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Dodson, Aidan & Hilton, Dyan (2004): <i>The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt</i>. Thames & Hudson, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0500051283" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-500-05128-3</a>. s. 52–53</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Malek, Jaromir (2000): «The Old Kingdom» in <i>The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt</i>, red. Ian Shaw, Oxford University Press, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9780192804587" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-19-280458-7</a>, s. 88</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ToSch-4"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-ToSch_4-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ToSch_4-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ToSch_4-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ToSch_4-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ToSch_4-4"><sup>e</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ToSch_4-5"><sup>f</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ToSch_4-6"><sup>g</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Schneider, Thomas (2002): <i>Lexikon der Pharaonen</i>. Albatros, Düsseldorf, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/3491960533" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-491-96053-3</a>, s. 100–102.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Khnum-Kufu = <a href="/wiki/Khnum" title="Khnum">Khnum</a>-beskyttelse, dvs at skaperguden Khnum var hans beskytter</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AiDo-6"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-AiDo_6-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AiDo_6-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AiDo_6-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AiDo_6-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Dodson, Aidan (2000): <i>Monarchs of the Nile</i>. American Univ in Cairo Press, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9774246004" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 977-424-600-4</a>, s. 29–34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Flavius Josephus, Folker Siegert (2008): <i>Über Die Ursprünglichkeit des Judentums (Contra Apionem) (=Über die Ursprünglichkeit des Judentums</i>, bind 1, Flavius Josephus. Fra: <i>Schriften Des Institutum Judaicum Delitzschianum</i>, Westfalen Institutum Iudaicum Delitzschianum Münster). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/3525542062" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-525-54206-2</a>, s. 85.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GMT-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GMT_8-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Massey, Gerald (1998): <i>The natural genesis, or, second part of A book of the beginnings: containing an attempt to recover and reconstitute the lost origines of the myths and mysteries, types and symbols, religion and language, with Egypt for the mouthpiece and Africa as the birthplace</i>, bind 1. Black Classic Press, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/1574780107" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 1574780107</a>, s. 224-228.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SiRo-9"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-SiRo_9-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SiRo_9-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SiRo_9-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SiRo_9-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SiRo_9-4"><sup>e</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SiRo_9-5"><sup>f</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SiRo_9-6"><sup>g</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SiRo_9-7"><sup>h</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SiRo_9-8"><sup>i</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Roth, Silke (2001): <i>Die Königsmütter des Alten Ägypten von der Frühzeit bis zum Ende der 12. Dynastie (= Ägypten und Altes Testament 46)</i>. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/3447043687" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 3-447-04368-7</a>, s. 354 – 358 & 388.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PM-10"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-PM_10-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PM_10-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PM_10-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PM_10-3"><sup>d</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Porter, Bertha & Moss, Rosalind (2004): <i>Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Statues, Reliefs and Paintings</i>, bind III: <i>Memphis, Part I Abu Rawash to Abusir</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.griffith.ox.ac.uk/gri/5publ.html">Griffith Institute</a>, 2. utg.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Grajetzki, Wolfram (2005): <i>Ancient Egyptian Queens: A Hieroglyphic Dictionary</i>. Golden House Publications, London, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9780954721893" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-9547218-9-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Kuper, R. & Forster, F. (høsten 2003): «Khufu's 'mefat' expeditions into the Libyan Desert» i: <i>Egyptian Archaeology</i>, vol. 23, s. 25–28. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fjexpeditions.com/desert/archeology/ancientroute/cheops2.jpg">Foto av Dakhla-inskripsjonen</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Petrie, W.M.F. (1924): <i>A History of Egypt</i>, Bd. I. London/Kairo, s. 60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Lepsius, Karl Richard: <i>Denkmaeler aus Aegypten und Aethiopien: nach den Zeichnungen der von seiner Majestät dem Koenige von Preussen Friedrich Wilhelm IV nach diesen Ländern gesendeten und in den Jahren 1842–1845 ausgeführten wissenschaftlichen Expedition</i>, Abth. 1–6 in 12 Bd. Nicolaische Buchhandlung, Berlin, 1849–1859. Edition des Belles Lettres, Genève 1972–1973</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Yoshimura, Sakuji (2006): <i>Sakuji Yoshimura's Excavating in Egypt for 40 Years: Waseda University Expedition 1966–2006 – Project in celebration of the 125th Anniversary of Waseda University</i>. Waseda University, Tokyo, s. 134–137, 223.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Lepsius, Karl Richard: <i>Denkmaler Abtheilung II Band III</i>, tilgjengelig online, se <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edoc3.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/lepsius/tafelwa2.html">s. 2, 39</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JaHe-17"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JaHe_17-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Breasted, James Henry (2001): <i>Ancient Records of Egypt: The first through the seventeenth dynasties</i>. University of Illinois Press, New York, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0252069900" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-252-06990-0</a>, s. 83–84.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Wilkinson, Toby A. H. (2001): <i>Early Dynastic Egypt: Strategies, Society and Security</i>. Routledge, London, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/0415260116" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-415-26011-6</a>, s. 160–161.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MAP-19"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-MAP_19-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MAP_19-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MAP_19-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Lorenzi, Rossella (12. april 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.discovery.com/history/ancient-egypt/worlds-oldest-port-and-egyptian-papyrus-uncovered-130412.htm">«Most Ancient Port, Hieroglyphic Papyri Found»</a>. <i>Discovery News</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PTH-20"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-PTH_20-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PTH_20-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PTH_20-2"><sup>c</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Tallet, Pierre; Marouard, Gregory (2012): «Wadi al-Jarf - An early pharaonic harbour on the Red Sea coast» i: <i>Egyptian Archaeology</i>, vol. 40, Kairo, s. 40-43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ZaHa-21"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-ZaHa_21-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ZaHa_21-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Hawass, Zahi (1985): «The Khufu Statuette: Is it an Old Kingdom Sculpture?» i: Paule Posener-Kriéger (red.): <i>Mélanges Gamal Eddin Mokhtar</i> (= <i>Bibliothèque d'étude</i>, bind 97, kapittel 1) Institut français d'archéologie orientale du Caire, Kairo, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/2724700201" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 2-7247-0020-1</a>, s. 379–394.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Petrie, W.M. Flinders (1903): <i>Abydos II</i>., Egypt Exploration Fund, London, s. 3 & tabell XIII, obj. XIV.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AES-23"><b>^</b> <a href="#cite_ref-AES_23-0"><sup>a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AES_23-1"><sup>b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text">El-Shahawy, Abeer; Atiya, Farid S. (2005): <i>The Egyptian Museum in Cairo: A Walk Through the Alleys of Ancient Egypt</i>. American Univ in Cairo Press, New York/Kairo, <a href="/wiki/Spesial:Bokkilder/9771721836" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 977-17-2183-6</a>, s. 49ff.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_lenker">Eksterne lenker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Rediger avsnitt: Eksterne lenker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keops&action=edit&section=12" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Eksterne lenker"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="bjeller languageicon" style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d);cursor:help;" title="engelsk">(en)</span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Khufu" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Khufu">Khufu</a> – kategori av bilder, video eller lyd på <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Commons</a> <span class="noprint plainlinks wikidata-linkback wd_p373"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161904?uselang=nb#P373" title="Rediger på Wikidata"><img alt="Rediger på Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mfa.org/collections/object/feet-and-base-of-statuette-of-khufu-141242">Fragment av en liten, sittende statuett av Kufu, utstilt i museet i Boston</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://guardians.net/hawass/khufu.htm"><i>Khufu – Builder of the Great Pyramid</i></a>, Zahi Hawass, <i>The Guardian</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ancient-egypt.org/kings/04/0402_kheops/history.html">Informasjon om Kufu og hans pyramide</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/1819574/Wadi_al-Jarf_-_An_early_pharaonic_harbour_on_the_Red_Sea_coast_-_Egyptian_Archaeology_40_2012_p._40-43">En tidlig faraohavn ved kysten av Rødehavet</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23230704">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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