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<li id="toc-Early_Yemeni_military_flying" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_Yemeni_military_flying"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early Yemeni military flying</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_Yemeni_military_flying-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Birth_of_the_North_and_South_Yemeni_Air_Forces" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Birth_of_the_North_and_South_Yemeni_Air_Forces"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Birth of the North and South Yemeni Air Forces</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Birth_of_the_North_and_South_Yemeni_Air_Forces-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Build-up_and_wars_between_the_two_Yemens" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Build-up_and_wars_between_the_two_Yemens"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Build-up and wars between the two Yemens</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Build-up_and_wars_between_the_two_Yemens-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unification_and_civil_war" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unification_and_civil_war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Unification and civil war</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unification_and_civil_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unified_Yemeni_Air_Force" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unified_Yemeni_Air_Force"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Unified Yemeni Air Force</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unified_Yemeni_Air_Force-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-War_in_Sadah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#War_in_Sadah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>War in Sadah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-War_in_Sadah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-War_on_Terror" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#War_on_Terror"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>War on Terror</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-War_on_Terror-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2011_Yemeni_uprising" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2011_Yemeni_uprising"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>2011 Yemeni uprising</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2011_Yemeni_uprising-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Saudi-led_intervention_in_Yemen_(2015–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Saudi-led_intervention_in_Yemen_(2015–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>Saudi-led intervention in Yemen (2015–present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Saudi-led_intervention_in_Yemen_(2015–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air_Defense" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air_Defense"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Air Defense</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air_Defense-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roundels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roundels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Roundels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roundels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" 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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Yemeni Air Force</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80" title="ইয়েমেনি বিমানবাহিনী – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইয়েমেনি বিমানবাহিনী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jemenitische_Luftstreitkr%C3%A4fte" title="Jemenitische Luftstreitkräfte – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jemenitische Luftstreitkräfte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%86" title="نیروی هوایی یمن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیروی هوایی یمن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Force_a%C3%A9rienne_y%C3%A9m%C3%A9nite" title="Force aérienne yéménite – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Force aérienne yéménite" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Quwwat_al-Jawwiyya_al-Yamaniyya" title="Al-Quwwat al-Jawwiyya al-Yamaniyya – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Al-Quwwat al-Jawwiyya al-Yamaniyya" data-language-autonym="Italiano" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Aerial warfare branch of Yemen's armed forces</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Yemen Air Force and Air Defence</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;"><span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">القوات الجوية اليمنية والدفاع الجوي</span></span><br /><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Al-Quwwat al-Jawwiya al-Yamaniya wal-Difa' al-Jawwiy</i></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Yemeni_Air_Force.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/54/Emblem_of_the_Yemeni_Air_Force.svg/200px-Emblem_of_the_Yemeni_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/54/Emblem_of_the_Yemeni_Air_Force.svg/300px-Emblem_of_the_Yemeni_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/54/Emblem_of_the_Yemeni_Air_Force.svg/400px-Emblem_of_the_Yemeni_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="229" data-file-height="229" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Emblem of the Yemen Air Force and Air Defence</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1990<span class="noprint">; 34 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1990</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/45px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Air_force" title="Air force">Air force</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aerial_warfare" title="Aerial warfare">Aerial warfare</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Airlift" title="Airlift">Airlift</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_warfare" title="Anti-aircraft warfare">Anti-aircraft warfare</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Combat_search_and_rescue" title="Combat search and rescue">Combat search and rescue</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Medical_evacuation" title="Medical evacuation">Medical evacuation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Yemen_Armed_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Yemen Armed Forces">Yemeni Armed Forces</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Civil_War_(1994)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yemeni Civil War (1994)">Yemeni Civil War (1994)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houthi_insurgency" title="Houthi insurgency">Houthi insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda_insurgency_in_Yemen" title="Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen">Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Yemeni Revolution">Yemeni Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Yemeni civil war (2014–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian-led_intervention_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen">Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houthi%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabian_conflict" title="Houthi–Saudi Arabian conflict">Houthi–Saudi Arabian conflict</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Chief of Staff of the Yemeni Air Force</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Major_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Major General">Major General</a> Rashid Nasir al-Jundi</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Chief of Staff of the Yemeni Armed Forces</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant General">Lieutenant General</a> <a href="/wiki/Sagheer_Hamoud_Aziz" title="Sagheer Hamoud Aziz">Sagheer Hamoud Aziz</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Insignia</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Military_aircraft_insignia" title="Military aircraft insignia">Roundel</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Yemen.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Roundel_of_Yemen.svg/80px-Roundel_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Roundel_of_Yemen.svg/120px-Roundel_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Roundel_of_Yemen.svg/160px-Roundel_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Fin_flash" class="mw-redirect" title="Fin flash">Fin flash</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Yemen.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/80px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/120px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/160px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Ensign of the Yemeni Air Force</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Yemeni_Air_Force.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Yemeni_Air_Force.svg/80px-Flag_of_the_Yemeni_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Yemeni_Air_Force.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Yemeni_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Yemeni_Air_Force.svg/160px-Flag_of_the_Yemeni_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Aircraft flown</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Attack_aircraft" title="Attack aircraft">Attack</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Su-22" class="mw-redirect" title="Su-22">Su-22</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Fighter_aircraft" title="Fighter aircraft">Fighter</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-5" title="Northrop F-5">F-5E</a>, <a href="/wiki/MiG-21" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-21">MiG-21</a>, <a href="/wiki/MiG-29" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-29">MiG-29</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Helicopter" title="Helicopter">Helicopter</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ka-32" class="mw-redirect" title="Ka-32">Ka-32</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-14" title="Mil Mi-14">Mi-14</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mi-17" class="mw-redirect" title="Mi-17">Mi-17</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bell_206" title="Bell 206">Bell 206</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bell_212" title="Bell 212">Bell 212</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bell_UH-1" class="mw-redirect" title="Bell UH-1">UH-1H</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Attack_helicopter" title="Attack helicopter">Attack helicopter</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mi-24" class="mw-redirect" title="Mi-24">Mi-24</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Surveillance_aircraft" title="Surveillance aircraft">Reconnaissance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cessna_208" class="mw-redirect" title="Cessna 208">Cessna 208</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Trainer_(aircraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trainer (aircraft)">Trainer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aero_L-39" class="mw-redirect" title="Aero L-39">Aero L-39</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-5" title="Northrop F-5">F-5B</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Cargo_aircraft" title="Cargo aircraft">Transport</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/An-24" class="mw-redirect" title="An-24">An-24</a>, <a href="/wiki/An-26" class="mw-redirect" title="An-26">An-26</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Yemen_Armed_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Yemen Armed Forces">Yemeni<br />Armed Forces</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Yemen_Armed_Forces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_the_Yemen_Armed_Forces.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Yemen_Armed_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_the_Yemen_Armed_Forces.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Yemen_Armed_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_the_Yemen_Armed_Forces.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Yemen_Armed_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#CE1126; color:#f9f9f9;"> Leadership</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yemeni_Armed_Forces_Emblem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Yemeni_Armed_Forces_Emblem.svg/40px-Yemeni_Armed_Forces_Emblem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Yemeni_Armed_Forces_Emblem.svg/60px-Yemeni_Armed_Forces_Emblem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Yemeni_Armed_Forces_Emblem.svg/80px-Yemeni_Armed_Forces_Emblem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="436" data-file-height="514" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defense_(Yemen)" title="Ministry of Defense (Yemen)">Minister of Defense</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#CE1126; color:#f9f9f9;"> Military services</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yemeni_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Yemeni_Army.svg/40px-Yemeni_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Yemeni_Army.svg/60px-Yemeni_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Yemeni_Army.svg/80px-Yemeni_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="233" data-file-height="281" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Yemeni Army">Yemeni Army</a><br /><br /></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yemeni_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Yemeni_Navy.svg/40px-Yemeni_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Yemeni_Navy.svg/60px-Yemeni_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Yemeni_Navy.svg/80px-Yemeni_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="220" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Navy" title="Yemeni Navy">Yemeni Navy</a><br /><br /></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_Yemen.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Roundel_of_Yemen.svg/40px-Roundel_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Roundel_of_Yemen.svg/60px-Roundel_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, 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<p>The <b>Yemeni Air Force</b> (<b>YAF</b>; <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">القوات الجوية اليمنية</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">al-Quwwat al-Jawwiya al-Yamaniya</i></span>) is the <a href="/wiki/Air_force" title="Air force">air force</a> branch of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Yemen_Armed_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Yemen Armed Forces">Yemeni Armed Forces</a>. It inherited its aircraft from the former states of <a href="/wiki/Yemen_Arab_Republic" title="Yemen Arab Republic">North</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Yemen" title="South Yemen">South Yemen</a> who were supported by the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>, respectively. However, numbers of its aircraft can not be confirmed but serviceability of these aircraft is low, as a result of most of the air force being destroyed by <a href="/wiki/Airstrike" title="Airstrike">airstrikes</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian-led_intervention_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen">Saudi Arabian-led intervention</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Yemeni Civil War</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_Yemeni_military_flying">Early Yemeni military flying</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early Yemeni military flying"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After being confronted by British air power during several conflicts in the 1920s, <a href="/wiki/Imam_Yahya" class="mw-redirect" title="Imam Yahya">Imam Yahya</a>, the King of Yemen, sought support from Italy in order to acquire aircraft for his country. In January 1926, an Italian was contracted to deliver six aircraft, the first three of which arrived in April. However, these were found to be in a poor state. After the Imam complained about this issue to the Italians, they agreed to provide Yemen with some better aircraft. In August, one was presented to Yemen. In 1927, 12 Yemenis were sent to Italy for flight training; with the help of an Italian team, a flight school was also set up in Yemen. A <a href="/wiki/Junkers_A_35" title="Junkers A 35">Junkers A 35</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Junkers_F_13" title="Junkers F 13">Junkers F 13</a> were acquired that same year. The A 35 crashed less than two months after its delivery, killing all three on board. This, along with language issues and renewed fighting with the British, caused Imam Yahya to stop the efforts to establish an air force.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This changed in the late 1940s, when several aircraft were bought from different sources: a single <a href="/wiki/Amiot_AAC-1_Toucan" class="mw-redirect" title="Amiot AAC-1 Toucan">Amiot AAC-1 Toucan</a> was purchased from Lebanon, as well as one <a href="/wiki/Noorduyn_Norseman" title="Noorduyn Norseman">Noorduyn Norseman</a> from Egypt, and two <a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-47" class="mw-redirect" title="Douglas C-47">Douglas C-47s</a> from Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two <a href="/wiki/North_American_T-6_Texan" title="North American T-6 Texan">North American T-6 Texans</a> were also donated by Saudi Arabia in 1955. In 1957, a major arms deal was signed with Czechoslovakia, including 24 <a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-10" title="Ilyushin Il-10">Avia B-33</a> <a href="/wiki/Attack_aircraft" title="Attack aircraft">attack aircraft</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, due to a lack of support materiel and spare parts, none of these aircraft was ever flown in Yemen.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same period, the Soviets provided four <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-4" title="Mil Mi-4">Mil Mi-4</a> and two <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-1" title="Mil Mi-1">Mil Mi-1</a> helicopters, as well as a single <a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-14" title="Ilyushin Il-14">Ilyushin Il-14</a> transport aircraft. An aviation college was also created, and it was equipped with 10 Czechoslovak-made <a href="/wiki/Zlin_Z-126" class="mw-redirect" title="Zlin Z-126">Zlin Z-126s</a> that had been ordered together with the B-33s.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Birth_of_the_North_and_South_Yemeni_Air_Forces">Birth of the North and South Yemeni Air Forces</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Birth of the North and South Yemeni Air Forces"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Yemen Arab Republic Air Force (YARAF) was officially established on 20 November 1967. On this month, the Soviets delivered nine <a href="/wiki/MiG-17" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-17">MiG-17</a> fighters and a single <a href="/wiki/MiG-15" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-15">MiG-15</a>UTI training aircraft, as well as four <a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-28" title="Ilyushin Il-28">Ilyushin Il-28s</a>, and three <a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-2" title="Antonov An-2">Antonov An-2s</a>. Together with four MiG-17Fs, two Il-28s, two Il-14s and some <a href="/wiki/Yakovlev_Yak-11" title="Yakovlev Yak-11">Yakovlev Yak-11s</a> donated by the Egyptians when they withdrew, and the remaining <a href="/wiki/Zlin_Z-126" class="mw-redirect" title="Zlin Z-126">Zlin Z-126s</a>, these aircraft constituted the whole fleet of the newly created air force as of late 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The YARAF was immediately engaged in the fighting against Royalist tribesmen, notably during the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sanaa_(1967)" title="Siege of Sanaa (1967)">Siege of Sanaa</a>. Some of the aircraft were flown by Soviet and Syrian pilots. While MiG-17s, Yak-11s and Il-28s attacked Royalist troops, Il-14s brought in supplies and evacuated the wounded from the besieged capital. During the 70 days of the siege, two MiG-17s were destroyed and their pilots killed, as well as one Yak-11 that was piloted by a Soviet, who was killed too. Five more airmen were killed during the siege, in unknown circumstances.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meanwhile, in what would then become South Yemen, the British had started to form an embryonic air force. Called the South Arabian Air Force (as an air corps of the <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_South_Arabia" title="Federation of South Arabia">Federation of South Arabia</a> under British protection), it had received six <a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada_DHC-2_Beaver" title="De Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beaver">de Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beavers</a>, eight <a href="/wiki/BAC_Jet_Provost" title="BAC Jet Provost">BAC Jet Provost</a> Mk52As, six <a href="/wiki/Bell_47G" class="mw-redirect" title="Bell 47G">Bell 47G</a> helicopters and four <a href="/wiki/Douglas_C-47" class="mw-redirect" title="Douglas C-47">Douglas C-47s</a> by December 1967. Four <a href="/wiki/BAC_Strikemaster" title="BAC Strikemaster">BAC Strikemaster Mk 81s</a> were delivered in 1970. When the Federation of South Arabia was released into independence, on 30 November 1967, it was instantly renamed the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of Yemen">People's Republic of Yemen</a>. A day later, the new country's air force was officially established, and named the People's Republic of Yemen Air Force (PRYAF). The nationality markings on the aircraft were changed too. Roundels and fin flashes using the colors of the FSA's flag were replaced by a light blue triangle with a dark outer part and a red star in the centre, and the new national tricolor flag with a blue triangle bearing a red star, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1968, Soviet advisors arrived in the country to help build up the air force. The first 10 MiG-17Fs arrived in January 1969, and they were reinforced by eight more in 1970: these aircraft were used by No. 5 Squadron.<sup id="cite_ref-HSOY_1_p35_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HSOY_1_p35-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 1 December of the same year, the country was renamed the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (PDRY), and the air force's name was changed accordingly.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was in this period that the triangular roundel was replaced by a circular one, consisting of the three colors of the national flag, with the top quarter being a sky-blue chevron with a red star in the middle.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1972, the PDRYAF had received eight <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-8" title="Mil Mi-8">Mil Mi-8</a> and four <a href="/wiki/Kamov_Ka-26" title="Kamov Ka-26">Kamov Ka-26</a> helicopters, four <a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-28" title="Ilyushin Il-28">Ilyushin Il-28s</a>, and eight <a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-24" title="Antonov An-24">Antonov An-24</a> and <a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-26" title="Antonov An-26">Antonov An-26</a> transport aircraft from the Soviet Union.<sup id="cite_ref-HSOY_1_p35_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HSOY_1_p35-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Build-up_and_wars_between_the_two_Yemens">Build-up and wars between the two Yemens</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Build-up and wars between the two Yemens"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The PDRYAF participated in the short <a href="/wiki/Yemenite_War_of_1972" class="mw-redirect" title="Yemenite War of 1972">Yemenite War of 1972</a>, flying transport missions in support of the ground units, and air strikes with its <a href="/wiki/MiG-17" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-17">MiG-17</a> fighters. One of these aircraft was shot down by the Northerners, with its pilot killed.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The North Yemeni air force isn't known to have been involved in the conflict, even though it received five MiG-17s and four <a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-28" title="Ilyushin Il-28">Ilyushin Il-28s</a> donated by Egypt and flown by Egyptian pilots midway through the war. However, these pilots weren't allowed to fly any combat sorties against the South Yemeni forces.<sup id="cite_ref-HSOY_1_p38_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HSOY_1_p38-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shortly after the end of the conflict, the PDRYAF started receiving its first <a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-21" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21">MiG-21MFs</a>. By 1974, more than 40 of them had been delivered. Training on the new aircraft was supported by a group of Cuban advisors.<sup id="cite_ref-HSOY_1_p38_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HSOY_1_p38-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around 1976, a dozen of <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-17" title="Sukhoi Su-17">Sukhoi Su-22s</a> was delivered to replace the Il-28 bombers.<sup id="cite_ref-HSOY_1_pp38-39_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HSOY_1_pp38-39-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the frame of South Yemeni involvement in the <a href="/wiki/Ogaden_War" title="Ogaden War">Ogaden War</a>, the PDRYAF sent 12 MiG-17Fs and two <a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-15" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15">MiG-15UTIs</a> to Ethiopia in 1977, together with pilots and ground personnel. Another contingent followed in early January 1978, including some MiG-21 pilots; one of them was killed when his aircraft, a MiG-21MF donated to Ethiopia by the USSR, was shot down by Somalian air defences on 15 February.<sup id="cite_ref-HSOY_1_p39_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HSOY_1_p39-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The MiG-15s and MiG-17s were never returned to South Yemen, and most of their pilots converted to Su-22s.<sup id="cite_ref-HSOY_1_pp38-39_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HSOY_1_pp38-39-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 1979, <a href="/wiki/Yemenite_War_of_1979" class="mw-redirect" title="Yemenite War of 1979">a new war between the two Yemens broke out</a>. It was preceded by skirmishes that involved both air forces: on 25 February, a YARAF MiG-17 was damaged by a <a href="/wiki/9K32_Strela-2" title="9K32 Strela-2">9K32 Strela-2</a> <a href="/wiki/MANPADS" class="mw-redirect" title="MANPADS">MANPADS</a>. On 28 February, the Southerners launched an invasion of North Yemen, and their air force bombed the <a href="/wiki/Taiz_International_Airport" title="Taiz International Airport">Taiz airfield</a>, and claimed to have destroyed up to six aircraft. Northern air defences were then bolstered and they shot down two PDRYAF Su-22s. In response, a campaign against the YAR's major air defence positions started, and most of these were destroyed. Moreover, three YARAF MiG-17s were shot down by PDRYAF MiG-21s. At the end of the war, the YARAF's combat aircraft fleet was almost completely destroyed.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Yemen_Arab_Republic" title="Yemen Arab Republic">Yemen Arab Republic</a>'s defeat, Saudi Arabia and the United States arranged a $390 million arms deal, in which the Saudis would finance the acquisition of military hardware and transfer some of their own surplus weapons to the YAR. The United States delivered <a href="/wiki/F-5E" class="mw-redirect" title="F-5E">F-5E</a> fighters and two <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_C-130_Hercules" title="Lockheed C-130 Hercules">Lockheed C-130H Hercules</a> transport aircraft, while Saudi Arabia transferred four of its own F-5Bs to the YARAF. Saudi financial aid also enabled North Yemeni president <a href="/wiki/Ali_Abdullah_Saleh" title="Ali Abdullah Saleh">Ali Abdullah Saleh</a> to order new weapons from the Soviet Union. These included 60 <a href="/wiki/MiG-21bis" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-21bis">MiG-21bis</a>, 14 <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-17" title="Sukhoi Su-17">Su-22Ms</a>, 18 <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-8" title="Mil Mi-8">Mil Mi-8s</a>, three <a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-24" title="Antonov An-24">Antonov An-24s</a> and three <a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-26" title="Antonov An-26">An-26s</a>. Soviet advisors also helped repair some of the remaining <a href="/wiki/MiG-15" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-15">MiG-15s</a>, <a href="/wiki/MiG-17" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-17">MiG-17s</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-28" title="Ilyushin Il-28">Ilyushin Il-28s</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This rapid expansion of the YARAF meant that foreign advisors were necessary to support its operations: while the Soviets helped with Soviet-built types, <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwanese</a> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_Air_Force" title="Republic of China Air Force">pilots and ground crews</a> constituted the majority of the F-5 squadron's personnel until 1985, and they only left the country in 1991, after the unification. Moreover, the aircraft loss rate was high, due to the crews' inexperience.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Meanwhile, the PDRYAF was getting some reinforcements as well: six additional MiG-21s were delivered shortly after the 1979 war, while 40 Su-22Ms, Su-22M3s and Su-22UM3Ks were delivered by 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 16 secondhand <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-24" title="Mil Mi-24">Mil Mi-24</a>A helicopters were also delivered in 1985-1986.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For the southern air force, the first half of the 1980s was spent training in intensive joint exercises, in order to increase the armed forces' readiness in the prospect of a new war with the YAR.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This period was brought to an abrupt end in January 1986, when a coup resulted in an 11-day civil war, colloquially known in Yemen as <i><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="South Yemen Civil War">The Events</a></i>. This short civil war resulted in the destruction of around 75% of the air force, while dozens of thousands of people fled to the North, including up to 40 PDRYAF pilots.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Even though the Soviet Union subsequently delivered additional MiG-21bis, <a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-25" class="mw-redirect" title="Mil Mi-25">Mil Mi-25</a> helicopters, and a batch of between 12 and 14 <a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-17" title="Sukhoi Su-17">Sukhoi Su-22M-4Ks</a>, rebuilding the South Yemeni military to pre-1986 strength proved impossible.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unification_and_civil_war">Unification and civil war</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Unification and civil war"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 22 May 1990, North and South Yemen were officially <a href="/wiki/Yemeni_unification" title="Yemeni unification">unified</a>. The military forces of the two countries were to be gradually merged, but the process did not go as planned. Indeed, tensions started to rise up, and eventually led to the <a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Civil_War_(1994)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yemeni Civil War (1994)">Yemeni Civil War of 1994</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Even though the PDRYAF had been considerably weakened by the 1986 civil war, its commanders still assessed it as superior to its northern counterpart, and expected it to establish air dominance. On the morning of 4 May, around 40 MiG-21s and Su-22s were sent to attack several targets in the north, including the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Palace,_Yemen" title="Presidential Palace, Yemen">Presidential Palace</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sanaa" title="Sanaa">Sanaa</a> and several YARAF air bases.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While these attacks caused significant damage and the YARAF did not react to it, the results still fell short of expectations. However, the PDRYAF kept on trying, and its Su-22 units performed several additional long-range bombing missions through the war, achieving notable results. Meanwhile, the YARAF was also using its own Su-22s, as well as MiG-21s, against targets in the south. YARAF F-5Es were also used in air combat and scored several victories. They allowed the Northerners to achieve local air dominance over crucial parts of the front lines. Since both air forces operated similar types of aircraft, friendly fire incidents were very common.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As the war continued, the Northerners' territorial gains and the losses took their toll on the PDRYAF. Even though its pilots often flew three or four sorties per day, the general situation of the Southerners was worsening. It was in this context that the PDRYAF introduced to service <a href="/wiki/Mikoyan_MiG-29" title="Mikoyan MiG-29">Mikoyan MiG-29</a> fighter-bombers. Bought second-hand from Moldova, these aircraft were flown by Eastern European mercenaries, and saw their first combat use on 29 June. Despite being the most modern combat aircraft available in Yemen, the MiG-29s did not provide the PDRYAF with an advantage in air combat, because their pilots were inadequately trained in air-to-air combat. Indeed, the only reported air-to-air action involving a MiG-29 was an encounter between one MiG and two F-5Es on 29 June. Neither side opened fire, and all three aircraft came away safely. The next day, South Yemeni president <a href="/wiki/Ali_Salem_al_Beidh" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali Salem al Beidh">Ali Salem al Beidh</a> fled abroad, followed by thousands of South Yemenis. Dozens of PDRYAF members fled to Djibouti, Oman, and even the United Arab Emirates with their aircraft, while others fought to the bitter end. The war ceased on 7 July.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unified_Yemeni_Air_Force">Unified Yemeni Air Force</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Unified Yemeni Air Force"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While the unified air force took on the remaining aircraft of the former PDRYAF, including around a dozen each of MiG-21s and Su-22s, several MiG-29s, and some Mi-8s, Mi-17s and Mi-14s, it almost only consisted of the former YARAF. Its combat aircraft were concentrated on air bases in the north of the country, and it retained the YARAF's structure. In 1995-1996, two additional MiG-29s were bought from Kazakhstan. In 1996, the remaining Su-22s and Su-22Ms were withdrawn, and four Su-17M4s were bought from Ukraine. Most aircraft of the more modern Su-22 variants were then overhauled, a process which lasted well into the 2000s. In 1999, 12 <a href="/wiki/Aero_L-39" class="mw-redirect" title="Aero L-39">Aero L-39</a>Cs and 12 <a href="/wiki/Zlin_Z-242" class="mw-redirect" title="Zlin Z-242">Zlin Z-242s</a> were bought from the Czech Republic, and 12 more L-39Cs were bought from Ukraine in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Even though the appearance of MiG-29s in Yemen in 1994 did not have much of an impact on the air war, the type left an impression on <a href="/wiki/Ali_Abdullah_Saleh" title="Ali Abdullah Saleh">Ali Abdullah Saleh</a>'s government. Correspondingly, in March 2000 negotiations were opened with Russia for the purchase of 24 aircraft. A year later, a contract for the delivery of 14 single-seaters and one MiG-29UB was signed. These aircraft, as well as those obtained from other countries, were to be upgraded to the MiG-29SM standard. Deliveries started in 2002, and continued until 2007. At that time, the Yemeni MiG-29 fleet reached its maximum strength, with a total of around 36 aircraft. These aircraft were the most advanced in the Yemeni combat fleet, as they were armed with <a href="/wiki/R-77" title="R-77">R-77</a> air-to-air missiles, and <a href="/wiki/Kh-29" title="Kh-29">Kh-29</a>T and <a href="/wiki/Kh-31" title="Kh-31">Kh-31</a>P air-to-surface missiles.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="War_in_Sadah">War in Sadah</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: War in Sadah"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Yemeni Air Force was used extensively against the <a href="/wiki/Houthi_insurgency_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Houthi insurgency in Yemen">Houthi insurgency in Yemen</a>. The Yemeni Air Force was proven effective in destroying enemy positions and buildings. Most enemy casualties were attributed to air raids. A number of accidents did occur, including one in which a fighter plane accidentally fired a missile and killed more than 80 civilians. During <a href="/wiki/Operation_Scorched_Earth" title="Operation Scorched Earth">Operation Scorched Earth</a> on 2 and 5 October and 8 November 2009, three fighter jets reported as a MiG-21 and two Su-22 respectively crashed during military missions. The government claimed the crashes were due to technical malfunctions, while the rebels claimed they shot them down with MANPADS. In 2006, F-5Es, MIG 21s and Su-22s repeatedly bombed Houthi positions all over Saada.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="War_on_Terror">War on Terror</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: War on Terror"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As part of the <a href="/wiki/Yemeni_al-Qaeda_crackdown" class="mw-redirect" title="Yemeni al-Qaeda crackdown">Yemeni al-Qaeda crackdown</a>, the Yemeni Air Force launched air raids on terrorist bases throughout Yemen to kill important terrorist leaders. The raids were confronted with anti-aircraft fire. After Ali Abdullah Saleh declared his support for George Bush in the war on terror, America provided Yemen with military aid. This included the Yemeni air force. The USA helped the YAF through training, funds, and munitions. They also provided them with Aircraft and Helicopters including 2 Cessna 208 light transport planes, 2 C-130 Hercules Cargo planes, 14 F-5E fighter jets, 1 CASA CN.295 medium cargo plane, 1 Beechcraft Super King Air, 3 Bell 206 helicopters, 6 Bell 212 helicopters, 3 Bell 214 helicopters, and 4 UH-1H helicopters. The Yemeni air force benefited immensely from US assistance. The US trained them in providing close air support for Yemeni Special Forces fighting against Al Qaeda.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2011_Yemeni_uprising">2011 Yemeni uprising</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 2011 Yemeni uprising"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Yemeni Air Force performed air strikes against opposition forces to the Saleh government during the <a href="/wiki/2011_Yemeni_uprising" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Yemeni uprising">2011 Yemeni uprising</a>. On 28 September 2011, a Su-22 was shot down during a bombing mission north of Sanaa by rebel soldiers using a MANPADS.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The pilot ejected and was captured. </p><p>On 30 October, the al-Dailami air base, which shares the structures with <a href="/wiki/Sana%27a_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Sana'a International Airport">Sana'a International Airport</a>, was attacked by uprising forces. Different official sources reported two or three fighter jets destroyed on the ground either by mortar shells or with planted explosive charges.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The aircraft were loaded with ammunition and combat ready for strikes on the next day. Among the destroyed aircraft, at least one MiG-29 was reported.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Saudi-led_intervention_in_Yemen_(2015–present)"><span id="Saudi-led_intervention_in_Yemen_.282015.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Saudi-led intervention in Yemen (2015–present)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Saudi-led intervention in Yemen (2015–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 19 March 2015, a first air raid against the internationally recognized Yemeni president <a href="/wiki/Abd_Rabbuh_Mansur_Hadi" class="mw-redirect" title="Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi">Abd Rabbuh Mansur Hadi</a>, indicated that at least some elements of the Yemeni Air Force had switched allegiance to fight alongside the Houthis rebels. </p><p>On 25 March 2015, two Yemeni Air Force aircraft, probably <a href="/wiki/Su-22" class="mw-redirect" title="Su-22">Su-22</a>, took off from Sana'a <a href="/wiki/Al-Dailami_Air_Base" title="Al-Dailami Air Base">Al-Dailami Air Base</a>, which was under Houthis control, to launch an attack on the Yemeni president's residence in the al-Maasheeq district of Aden, becoming the third time in a week that elements of the Air Force acted against the internationally recognized government. The Houthis sent two Su-22s to bomb the presidential compound in Aden with one MiG 29 flying top cover. As the Sukhois made their first bombing run the Hadi loyalists responded with fierce ground fire but failed to shoot down any aircraft. During this attack, a few pro-Hadi MiG-29s scrambled from <a href="/wiki/Al_Anad_Air_Base" title="Al Anad Air Base">Al Anad Air Base</a> to protect the presidential compound from Houthi -controlled warplanes.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>During the initial days of the <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian-led_intervention_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen">Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen</a>, Saudi Arabia Air Forces carried out air attacks on the Yemeni Airforce Al-Dulaimi Air Base next to the Sadaa International Airport, destroying one Beechcraft King Air 350ER surveillance aircraft, one CN-235 transport aircraft and two Bell 214 Huey helicopters.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Yemeni Air Force did not completely join the Houthi rebels, as most of the personnel refused to take orders from their former enemy. Also the maintenance of the air-frames was mostly halted since the ousting of the Saleh regime in 2012<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and thus, at the beginning of 2015, the situation of the Air Force seemed chaotic with most of the personnel deserted and air-frames lacking maintenance, effectively preventing the Yemeni Air Force to enter in the fight, remaining grounded during the Saudi-led intervention.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The following few days, the coalition strikes started targeting the structures and air-frames to a more severe extent. </p><p>On 15 April 2015, a Saudi debriefing showed the Arab coalition strikers destroying two Su-22 and one <a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-5" title="Northrop F-5">F-5</a> jet fighters while they were sitting on the tarmac. The F-5 looked covered by a net, while the Su-22s were parked in the open.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another picture showing the wrecks of two Su-22 and one F-5 jets emerged on 30 April 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 4 May 2015, evidence of a Yemeni Il-76TD at Sana'a International Airport engulfed in flames emerged.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The fate of 10 Yemeni MiG-29 fighters remained unknown while the assessment on the number of other air-frames destroyed is difficult to establish. As of 2017 the Yemeni Air force after years of warfare and the Saudi-led coalition bombing is inoperable and non-functional. After government troops recaptured the Al Anad Air Base, the Yemeni air force was rebuilt and was trained by the UAE. They provide close air support. <a href="/wiki/Houthis" class="mw-redirect" title="Houthis">Houthis</a> operate <a href="/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle">drones</a> allegedly delivered by <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aircraft">Aircraft</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Antonov_An-12...,_Yemen_-_Air_Force_AN0786221.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Antonov_An-12...%2C_Yemen_-_Air_Force_AN0786221.jpg/220px-Antonov_An-12...%2C_Yemen_-_Air_Force_AN0786221.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Antonov_An-12...%2C_Yemen_-_Air_Force_AN0786221.jpg/330px-Antonov_An-12...%2C_Yemen_-_Air_Force_AN0786221.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Antonov_An-12...%2C_Yemen_-_Air_Force_AN0786221.jpg/440px-Antonov_An-12...%2C_Yemen_-_Air_Force_AN0786221.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-12" title="Antonov An-12">Antonov An-12</a> and a pair of <a href="/wiki/An-26" class="mw-redirect" title="An-26">An-26</a>'s at <a href="/wiki/Sana%27a_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Sana'a International Airport">Sana'a International Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align:center; background:#acc;">Aircraft </th> <th style="text-align: center; background:#acc;">Origin </th> <th style="text-align:l center; background:#acc;">Type </th> <th style="text-align:left; background:#acc;">Variant </th> <th style="text-align:center; background:#acc;">In service </th> <th style="text-align: center; background:#acc;">Notes </th></tr> <tr> <th style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7"><a href="/wiki/Military_aircraft#Combat_aircraft" title="Military aircraft">Combat aircraft</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/MiG-21" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-21">MiG-21</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> </td> <td>fighter </td> <td> </td> <td>19<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2024-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan_MiG-29" title="Mikoyan MiG-29">MiG-29</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> </td> <td>multirole </td> <td> </td> <td>23<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2024-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-22" class="mw-redirect" title="Sukhoi Su-22">Sukhoi Su-22</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> </td> <td>fighter / bomber </td> <td> </td> <td>23<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2024-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-5" title="Northrop F-5">Northrop F-5</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td>fighter </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-5#Variants" title="Northrop F-5">F-5E</a> </td> <td>11<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2024-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7"><a href="/wiki/Reconnaissance_aircraft" title="Reconnaissance aircraft"> Reconnaissance</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cessna_208_Caravan" title="Cessna 208 Caravan">Cessna 208</a> </td> <td>United States </td> <td>surveillance </td> <td> </td> <td>2<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2024-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7"><a href="/wiki/Military_transport_aircraft" title="Military transport aircraft">Transport</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-26" title="Antonov An-26">Antonov An-26</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="USSR">USSR</a>/<a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> </td> <td>transport </td> <td> </td> <td>8<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2024-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7"><a href="/wiki/Helicopters" class="mw-redirect" title="Helicopters">Helicopters</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bell_206" title="Bell 206">Bell 206</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td>trainer </td> <td> </td> <td>1<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2024-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bell_212" title="Bell 212">Bell 212</a> </td> <td>United States </td> <td>utility / transport </td> <td> </td> <td>4<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2024-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/UH-1_Iroquois" class="mw-redirect" title="UH-1 Iroquois">Bell UH-1</a> </td> <td>United States </td> <td>utility </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bell_UH-1_Iroquois_variants#UH-1H" title="Bell UH-1 Iroquois variants">UH-1H</a> </td> <td>4<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2024-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-17" title="Mil Mi-17">Mil Mi-17</a> </td> <td>Soviet Union </td> <td>utility </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-17#Variants" title="Mil Mi-17">Mi-17/171</a> </td> <td>34<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2024-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-14" title="Mil Mi-14">Mil Mi-14</a> </td> <td>Soviet Union </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anti-surface_warfare" title="Anti-surface warfare">ASW</a> / <a href="/wiki/Search_and_rescue" title="Search and rescue">SAR</a> </td> <td> </td> <td>2<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2024-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-24" title="Mil Mi-24">Mil Mi-24</a> </td> <td>Soviet Union </td> <td>attack </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mil_Mi-24_variants#List_of_Variants" class="mw-redirect" title="Mil Mi-24 variants">Mi-35</a> </td> <td>14<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2024-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kamov_Ka-27" title="Kamov Ka-27">Kamov Ka-27</a> </td> <td>Russia </td> <td>utility </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kamov_Ka-27#Variants" title="Kamov Ka-27">Ka-32</a> </td> <td>2<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2024-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="7"><a href="/wiki/Trainer_aircraft" title="Trainer aircraft">Trainer aircraft</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Aero_L-39_Albatros" title="Aero L-39 Albatros">Aero L-39 </a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> </td> <td>jet trainer </td> <td> </td> <td>28<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2024-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-5" title="Northrop F-5">Northrop F-5</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> </td> <td>conversion trainer </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Northrop_F-5#Variants" title="Northrop F-5">F-5B</a> </td> <td>2<sup id="cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2024-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Air_Defense">Air Defense</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Air Defense"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Air Defense, once separated from the Air Force, according to the standard Soviet segregation of armed forces, was merged into the Air Force.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Up to more than six hundred <a href="/wiki/Surface-to-air_missile" title="Surface-to-air missile">Surface-to-air missile</a> launchers may have been procured over the time, including <a href="/wiki/MANPADS" class="mw-redirect" title="MANPADS">MANPADS</a>, mostly if not all of Soviet and Russian origin.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>There are about 8 Air defense brigades in the Yemeni air force. 6 of these sided with the Houthis and during the start of the Yemeni civil war, the Saudi-led coalition destroyed much of the systems and bases of 4 of these brigades, but two brigades survived the Saudi-led airstrikes as pro-Houthi army units scattered and hid most of the systems operated by these units. The remaining air defenses succeeded in shooting down two coalition F-16Cs, two Apaches and about a dozen UAVs. A new system built by pro-Houthi air defense personnel, which are originally <a href="/wiki/R-27_(air-to-air_missile)#Variants" title="R-27 (air-to-air missile)">R-27T</a> air to air missiles guided by FLIR ULTRA 8500 Turrets and launched from APU-60 and P-12 launch rails, succeeded in damaging two Saudi F-15s. Defensive <a href="/wiki/Anti-aircraft_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-aircraft gun">anti-aircraft gun</a> (AAA) fire was clearly visible at night over Sana'a till mid April 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Roundels">Roundels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Roundels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 815px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_the_Mutawakkilite_Kingdom_of_Yemen_(%3F_%E2%80%931962).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen Air Force roundel (until 1962)"><img alt="Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen Air Force roundel (until 1962)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Roundel_of_the_Mutawakkilite_Kingdom_of_Yemen_%28%3F_%E2%80%931962%29.svg/120px-Roundel_of_the_Mutawakkilite_Kingdom_of_Yemen_%28%3F_%E2%80%931962%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Roundel_of_the_Mutawakkilite_Kingdom_of_Yemen_%28%3F_%E2%80%931962%29.svg/180px-Roundel_of_the_Mutawakkilite_Kingdom_of_Yemen_%28%3F_%E2%80%931962%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Roundel_of_the_Mutawakkilite_Kingdom_of_Yemen_%28%3F_%E2%80%931962%29.svg/240px-Roundel_of_the_Mutawakkilite_Kingdom_of_Yemen_%28%3F_%E2%80%931962%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mutawakkilite_Kingdom_of_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen">Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen</a> Air Force roundel (until 1962)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_North_Yemen_(1962%E2%80%931990).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yemen Arab Republic Air Force roundel (1962–1990)"><img alt="Yemen Arab Republic Air Force roundel (1962–1990)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Roundel_of_North_Yemen_%281962%E2%80%931990%29.svg/120px-Roundel_of_North_Yemen_%281962%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Roundel_of_North_Yemen_%281962%E2%80%931990%29.svg/180px-Roundel_of_North_Yemen_%281962%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Roundel_of_North_Yemen_%281962%E2%80%931990%29.svg/240px-Roundel_of_North_Yemen_%281962%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Yemen_Arab_Republic" title="Yemen Arab Republic">Yemen Arab Republic</a> Air Force roundel (1962–1990)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_the_Federation_of_South_Arabia_(1962%E2%80%931967).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="South Arabian Air Force Roundel (1966-1967)"><img alt="South Arabian Air Force Roundel (1966-1967)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Roundel_of_the_Federation_of_South_Arabia_%281962%E2%80%931967%29.svg/120px-Roundel_of_the_Federation_of_South_Arabia_%281962%E2%80%931967%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Roundel_of_the_Federation_of_South_Arabia_%281962%E2%80%931967%29.svg/180px-Roundel_of_the_Federation_of_South_Arabia_%281962%E2%80%931967%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Roundel_of_the_Federation_of_South_Arabia_%281962%E2%80%931967%29.svg/240px-Roundel_of_the_Federation_of_South_Arabia_%281962%E2%80%931967%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Federation_of_South_Arabia" title="Federation of South Arabia">South Arabian</a> Air Force Roundel (1966-1967)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_South_Yemen_(1969%E2%80%931980).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="People's Republic of South Yemen Air Force roundel (1967-1980)"><img alt="People's Republic of South Yemen Air Force roundel (1967-1980)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Roundel_of_South_Yemen_%281969%E2%80%931980%29.svg/120px-Roundel_of_South_Yemen_%281969%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Roundel_of_South_Yemen_%281969%E2%80%931980%29.svg/180px-Roundel_of_South_Yemen_%281969%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Roundel_of_South_Yemen_%281969%E2%80%931980%29.svg/240px-Roundel_of_South_Yemen_%281969%E2%80%931980%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="259" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen" title="South Yemen">People's Republic of South Yemen</a> Air Force roundel (1967-1980)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Roundel_of_South_Yemen_(1980%E2%80%931990).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="People's Democratic Republic of Yemen Air Force roundel (1980-1990)"><img alt="People's Democratic Republic of Yemen Air Force roundel (1980-1990)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Roundel_of_South_Yemen_%281980%E2%80%931990%29.svg/120px-Roundel_of_South_Yemen_%281980%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Roundel_of_South_Yemen_%281980%E2%80%931990%29.svg/180px-Roundel_of_South_Yemen_%281980%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Roundel_of_South_Yemen_%281980%E2%80%931990%29.svg/240px-Roundel_of_South_Yemen_%281980%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="601" data-file-height="601" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen" title="South Yemen">People's Democratic Republic of Yemen</a> Air Force roundel (1980-1990)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Yemen">Military of Yemen</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, p. 6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, pp. 6–7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, p. 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, pp. 8–9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, p. 9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, pp. 26–27</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, pp. 27–28</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, pp. 30, 32</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HSOY_1_p35-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HSOY_1_p35_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HSOY_1_p35_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, p. 35</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, p. 34</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, pp. 36–37, III–IV</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, p. 37</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HSOY_1_p38-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HSOY_1_p38_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HSOY_1_p38_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, p. 38</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HSOY_1_pp38-39-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HSOY_1_pp38-39_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HSOY_1_pp38-39_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, pp. 38–39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HSOY_1_p39-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-HSOY_1_p39_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, p. 39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, pp. 39–40</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, p. 40</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, pp. 41–42</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, pp. 40–41</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, p. VII</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, p. 43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, p. 44</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, pp. 45, 50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, p. 45</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, p. 46</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, pp. 47–52</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2017">Cooper 2017</a>, pp. 49, 51–54</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2018">Cooper 2018</a>, pp. 13–14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooper2018">Cooper 2018</a>, p. 14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8349984.stm">"BBC NEWS - Middle East - Yemen rebels 'down fighter jet'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. 9 November 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140819090024/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8349984.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 19 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=BBC+NEWS+-+Middle+East+-+Yemen+rebels+%27down+fighter+jet%27&rft.date=2009-11-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2F8349984.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stratfor.com/analysis/yemen-irans-role-intensifying-insurgency">"Yemen: Iran's Role in an Intensifying Insurgency"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200607110541/https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/yemen-irans-role-intensifying-insurgency/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yemen%3A+Iran%27s+Role+in+an+Intensifying+Insurgency&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stratfor.com%2Fanalysis%2Fyemen-irans-role-intensifying-insurgency&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8469959.stm">"BBC News - Yemen 'bombs house of suspected al-Qaeda militant'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. 20 January 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150205173910/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8469959.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 5 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=BBC+News+-+Yemen+%27bombs+house+of+suspected+al-Qaeda+militant%27&rft.date=2010-01-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2F8469959.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iiss.org/whats-new/iiss-in-the-press/november-2011/yemeni-jets-destroyed-in-air-base-attack/">"Press Room"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120418054950/http://www.iiss.org/whats-new/iiss-in-the-press/november-2011/yemeni-jets-destroyed-in-air-base-attack/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Press+Room&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iiss.org%2Fwhats-new%2Fiiss-in-the-press%2Fnovember-2011%2Fyemeni-jets-destroyed-in-air-base-attack%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldnewstribune.com/?p=1164">"Rebel attack destroys Yemeni MiG-29s, closes Sanaa airport | World Tribune"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111119000641/http://www.worldnewstribune.com/?p=1164">Archived</a> from the original on 19 November 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rebel+attack+destroys+Yemeni+MiG-29s%2C+closes+Sanaa+airport+%26%23124%3B+World+Tribune&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldnewstribune.com%2F%3Fp%3D1164&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150507132243/http://www.janes.com/article/50393/analysis-initial-saudi-air-strikes-lacked-intensity">"Yemen's 'barely functional' air force points to US involvement in strikes"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.janes.com/article/50393/analysis-initial-saudi-air-strikes-lacked-intensity">the original</a> on 7 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yemen%27s+%27barely+functional%27+air+force+points+to+US+involvement+in+strikes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.janes.com%2Farticle%2F50393%2Fanalysis-initial-saudi-air-strikes-lacked-intensity&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviationweek.com/awin/yemen-s-arab-spring-leaves-its-air-force-disarray">"Yemen's Arab Spring Leaves its Air Force in Disarray"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171224213244/http://aviationweek.com/awin/yemen-s-arab-spring-leaves-its-air-force-disarray">Archived</a> from the original on 24 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yemen%27s+Arab+Spring+Leaves+its+Air+Force+in+Disarray&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviationweek.com%2Fawin%2Fyemen-s-arab-spring-leaves-its-air-force-disarray&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2012/03/29/barely-functional-why-us-is-likely-to-be-behind-yemens-precision-airstrikes/">"Yemen's 'barely functional' air force points to US involvement in strikes"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518074521/https://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/2012/03/29/barely-functional-why-us-is-likely-to-be-behind-yemens-precision-airstrikes/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yemen%27s+%27barely+functional%27+air+force+points+to+US+involvement+in+strikes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thebureauinvestigates.com%2F2012%2F03%2F29%2Fbarely-functional-why-us-is-likely-to-be-behind-yemens-precision-airstrikes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150503003817/http://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2015/04/yemen-houthis-air-force-al-qaeda-advance.html#ixzz3ZXhEyPYa">"Yemen air force falls into grip of Houthis"</a>. 29 April 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2015/04/yemen-houthis-air-force-al-qaeda-advance.html">the original</a> on 3 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yemen+air+force+falls+into+grip+of+Houthis&rft.date=2015-04-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.al-monitor.com%2Fpulse%2Foriginals%2F2015%2F04%2Fyemen-houthis-air-force-al-qaeda-advance.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://asian-defence-news.blogspot.fr/2015/04/saudi-video-showing-yemen-su-22-fitter.html">"Asian Defence News: Saudi video showing Yemen Su-22 'Fitter' and F-5E Tiger II being destroyed in airstrike"</a>. 18 April 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518085228/http://asian-defence-news.blogspot.fr/2015/04/saudi-video-showing-yemen-su-22-fitter.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Asian+Defence+News%3A+Saudi+video+showing+Yemen+Su-22+%27Fitter%27+and+F-5E+Tiger+II+being+destroyed+in+airstrike&rft.date=2015-04-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fasian-defence-news.blogspot.fr%2F2015%2F04%2Fsaudi-video-showing-yemen-su-22-fitter.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M2qo4usuxWA">"‫الإيجاز الصحفي اليومي للمتحدث باسم عاصفة الحزم‬‎ - YouTube"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160310090756/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M2qo4usuxWA">Archived</a> from the original on 10 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=%E2%80%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%8A+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A+%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AB+%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85+%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B2%D9%85%E2%80%AC%E2%80%8E+-+YouTube&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DM2qo4usuxWA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.asiaone.com/news/world/saudi-led-warplanes-pound-rebels-south-yemen">"Saudi-led warplanes pound rebels in south Yemen, AsiaOne World News"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150518130744/http://news.asiaone.com/news/world/saudi-led-warplanes-pound-rebels-south-yemen">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Saudi-led+warplanes+pound+rebels+in+south+Yemen%2C+AsiaOne+World+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.asiaone.com%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fsaudi-led-warplanes-pound-rebels-south-yemen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20150504-0">"ASN Aircraft accident Ilyushin Il-76TD 7O-ADG Sana'a International Airport (SAH)"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150509042043/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20150504-0">Archived</a> from the original on 9 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ASN+Aircraft+accident+Ilyushin+Il-76TD+7O-ADG+Sana%27a+International+Airport+%28SAH%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faviation-safety.net%2Fdatabase%2Frecord.php%3Fid%3D20150504-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2017/03/22/houthi-forces-appear-to-be-using-iranian-made-drones-to-ram-saudi-air-defenses-in-yemen-report-says/">"Houthi forces appear to be using Iranian-made drones to ram Saudi air defenses in Yemen, report says - the Washington Post"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170824175223/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/checkpoint/wp/2017/03/22/houthi-forces-appear-to-be-using-iranian-made-drones-to-ram-saudi-air-defenses-in-yemen-report-says/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Houthi+forces+appear+to+be+using+Iranian-made+drones+to+ram+Saudi+air+defenses+in+Yemen%2C+report+says+-+the+Washington+Post&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fcheckpoint%2Fwp%2F2017%2F03%2F22%2Fhouthi-forces-appear-to-be-using-iranian-made-drones-to-ram-saudi-air-defenses-in-yemen-report-says%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.defensenews.com/global/mideast-africa/2017/03/28/report-houthi-rebels-flying-iranian-made-kamikaze-drones-into-surveillance-radars/">"Report: Houthi rebels flying Iranian-made 'Kamikaze drones' into surveillance radars"</a>. 8 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Report%3A+Houthi+rebels+flying+Iranian-made+%27Kamikaze+drones%27+into+surveillance+radars&rft.date=2017-08-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.defensenews.com%2Fglobal%2Fmideast-africa%2F2017%2F03%2F28%2Freport-houthi-rebels-flying-iranian-made-kamikaze-drones-into-surveillance-radars%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-World_Air_Forces_2024-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Air_Forces_2024_45-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flightglobal.com/download?ac=98881">"World Air Forces 2024"</a></span>. Flightglobal Insight. 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Air+Forces+2024&rft.pub=Flightglobal+Insight&rft.date=2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.flightglobal.com%2Fdownload%3Fac%3D98881&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://xairforces.net/airforces.asp?id=39">"Republic of Yemeni Air Force (RYAF) • al Quwwat al Jawwiya al Jamahiriya al Yemeniya"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150324115817/http://xairforces.net/airforces.asp?id=39">Archived</a> from the original on 24 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Republic+of+Yemeni+Air+Force+%28RYAF%29+%E2%80%A2+al+Quwwat+al+Jawwiya+al+Jamahiriya+al+Yemeniya&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fxairforces.net%2Fairforces.asp%3Fid%3D39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2015/05/the-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-of-2015/392687/">"The Saudi Arabia-Yemen War of 2015 - the Atlantic"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170228151816/https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2015/05/the-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-of-2015/392687/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=The+Saudi+Arabia-Yemen+War+of+2015+-+the+Atlantic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fphoto%2F2015%2F05%2Fthe-saudi-arabia-yemen-war-of-2015%2F392687%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yemeni_Air_Force&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooper2017" class="citation book cs1">Cooper, Tom (2017). <i>Hot Skies Over Yemen, Volume 1: Aerial Warfare Over the South Arabian Peninsula, 1962-1994</i>. Solihull, UK: Helion & Company Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-912174-23-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-912174-23-2"><bdi>978-1-912174-23-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hot+Skies+Over+Yemen%2C+Volume+1%3A+Aerial+Warfare+Over+the+South+Arabian+Peninsula%2C+1962-1994&rft.place=Solihull%2C+UK&rft.pub=Helion+%26+Company+Publishing&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-912174-23-2&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Tom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooper2018" class="citation book cs1">Cooper, Tom (2018). <i>Hot Skies Over Yemen, Volume 2: Aerial Warfare Over the South Arabian Peninsula, 1994-2017</i>. Warwick, UK: Helion & Company Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-911628-18-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-911628-18-7"><bdi>978-1-911628-18-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hot+Skies+Over+Yemen%2C+Volume+2%3A+Aerial+Warfare+Over+the+South+Arabian+Peninsula%2C+1994-2017&rft.place=Warwick%2C+UK&rft.pub=Helion+%26+Company+Publishing&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-911628-18-7&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Tom&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYemeni+Air+Force" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Yemen_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Yemen_topics" title="Template:Yemen topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Yemen_topics" title="Template talk:Yemen topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Yemen_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Yemen topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Yemen_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Yemen-related_articles" title="Index of Yemen-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Yemen" title="History of Yemen">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Yemeni_history" title="Timeline of Yemeni history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_history_of_Yemen" title="Ancient history of Yemen">Ancient history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minaeans" title="Minaeans">Minaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himyarite_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Himyarite Kingdom">Himyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Aksum" title="Kingdom of Aksum">Kingdom of Aksum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Yemen" title="Sasanian Yemen">Sasanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_history_of_Yemen" title="Islamic history of Yemen">Islamic history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Modern_history_of_Yemen" title="Modern history of Yemen">Modern</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi%E2%80%93Yemeni_War_(1934)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi–Yemeni War (1934)">Saudi–Yemeni War (1934)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alwaziri_coup" class="mw-redirect" title="Alwaziri coup">Alwaziri coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Yemen_Civil_War" title="North Yemen Civil War">North Yemen Civil War</a></li> <li>Yemenite Wars <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yemenite_War_of_1972" class="mw-redirect" title="Yemenite War of 1972">1972</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemenite_War_of_1979" class="mw-redirect" title="Yemenite War of 1979">1979</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen_civil_war" title="South Yemen civil war">South Yemen civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_unification" title="Yemeni unification">Unification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Civil_War_(1994)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yemeni Civil War (1994)">1994 Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houthi_insurgency" title="Houthi insurgency">Houthi insurgency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen" title="Houthi takeover in Yemen">Takeover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aftermath_of_the_Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen" title="Aftermath of the Houthi takeover in Yemen">Aftermath of the takeover</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_crisis" title="Yemeni crisis">Crisis (2011–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_revolution" title="Yemeni revolution">Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Civil war (2014–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabian%E2%80%93led_intervention_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Saudi Arabian–led intervention in Yemen">Saudi–led intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_Yemen" title="Blockade of Yemen">Saudi–led blockade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Famine_in_Yemen_(2016%E2%80%93present)" title="Famine in Yemen (2016–present)">Famine in Yemen (2016–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%932022_Yemen_cholera_outbreak" title="2016–2022 Yemen cholera outbreak">2016–2022 Yemen cholera outbreak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Yemen" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Yemen">COVID-19 pandemic in Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen"><img alt="Yemen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Insigne_Iemeniae.svg/80px-Insigne_Iemeniae.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Insigne_Iemeniae.svg/120px-Insigne_Iemeniae.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Insigne_Iemeniae.svg/160px-Insigne_Iemeniae.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="544" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Yemen" title="Geography of Yemen">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Borders_of_Yemen" title="Template:Borders of Yemen">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Yemen" title="List of cities in Yemen">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Yemen" title="List of districts of Yemen">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governorates_of_Yemen" title="Governorates of Yemen">Governorates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Yemen" title="List of islands of Yemen">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_areas_of_Yemen" title="List of protected areas of Yemen">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Yemen" title="Category:Rivers of Yemen">Rivers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Yemen" title="Politics of Yemen">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Yemen)" title="House of Representatives (Yemen)">House of Representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Yemen" title="Cabinet of Yemen">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Yemen" title="Constitution of Yemen">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Yemen" title="Elections in Yemen">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Yemen" title="Foreign relations of Yemen">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Yemen" title="Human rights in Yemen">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Yemen">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Yemen" title="Law enforcement in Yemen">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Political parties in Yemen">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Yemen" title="President of Yemen">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Yemen" title="Vice President of Yemen">Vice President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Yemen" title="Prime Minister of Yemen">Prime Minister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Yemen">Military</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Guard_(Yemen)" title="Republican Guard (Yemen)">Republican Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_Navy" title="Yemeni Navy">Navy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen_Coast_Guard" title="Yemen Coast Guard">Coast Guard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Yemen" title="Economy of Yemen">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Yemen" title="Energy in Yemen">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_rial" title="Yemeni rial">Rial <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_industry_of_Yemen" title="Mining industry of Yemen">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Yemen" title="Telecommunications in Yemen">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Yemen" title="Tourism in Yemen">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Yemen" title="Transport in Yemen">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khat" title="Khat">Khat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Yemen" title="Category:Society of Yemen">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Yemen" title="Demographics of Yemen">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tribes_of_Yemen" title="Tribes of Yemen">Tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Yemen" title="Education in Yemen">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Yemen" title="Health in Yemen">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Yemen">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Yemen" title="Religion in Yemen">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Yemen" title="Water supply and sanitation in Yemen">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Yemen" title="Culture of Yemen">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_Yemen" title="National anthem of Yemen">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Yemen" title="Cinema of Yemen">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Yemen" title="Emblem of Yemen">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_cuisine" title="Yemeni cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Yemen" title="Flag of Yemen">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Yemen" title="Mass media in Yemen">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Yemen" title="List of museums in Yemen">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Yemen" title="Music of Yemen">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Yemen" title="Public holidays in Yemen">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Yemen" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport in Yemen">Sport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Yemen" title="Outline of Yemen">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Yemen-related_articles" title="Index of Yemen-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Yemen" title="Category:Yemen">Category</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="List_of_air_forces" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Air_forces" title="Template:Air forces"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Air_forces" title="Template talk:Air forces"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Air_forces" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Air forces"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="List_of_air_forces" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_air_forces" title="List of air forces">List of</a> <a href="/wiki/Air_force" title="Air force">air forces</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazian_Air_Force" title="Abkhazian Air Force">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Air_Force" title="Afghan Air Force">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_Air_Force" title="Albanian Air Force">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algerian_Air_Force" title="Algerian Air Force">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Air_Force_of_Angola" title="National Air Force of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antigua_and_Barbuda_Defence_Force_Air_Wing" title="Antigua and Barbuda Defence Force Air Wing">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Air_Force" title="Argentine Air Force">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Air_Force" title="Armenian Air Force">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Air_Force" title="Royal Australian Air Force">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Air_Force" title="Austrian Air Force">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijani_Air_Forces" title="Azerbaijani Air Forces">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Bahamas_Defence_Force" title="Royal Bahamas Defence Force">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Bahraini_Air_Force" title="Royal Bahraini Air Force">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Air_Force" title="Bangladesh Air Force">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Air_Force" title="Belarusian Air Force">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_Air_Component" title="Belgian Air Component">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belize_Defence_Force_Air_Wing" title="Belize Defence Force Air Wing">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin_Air_Force" title="Benin Air Force">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivian_Air_Force" title="Bolivian Air Force">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_and_Anti-Aircraft_Defence_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Air Force and Anti-Aircraft Defence of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_Defence_Force_Air_Wing" title="Botswana Defence Force Air Wing">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Air_Force" title="Brazilian Air Force">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Brunei_Air_Force" title="Royal Brunei Air Force">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Air_Force" title="Bulgarian Air Force">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Cambodian_Air_Force" title="Royal Cambodian Air Force">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon_Air_Force" title="Cameroon Air Force">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Air_Force" title="Royal Canadian Air Force">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Air_Force" title="Central African Republic Air Force">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadian_Air_Force" title="Chadian Air Force">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Air_Force" title="Chilean Air Force">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="People's Liberation Army Air Force">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_Aerospace_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Colombian Aerospace Force">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congolese_Air_Force" title="Congolese Air Force">Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Air Force of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Congo DR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Air_Force" title="Croatian Air Force">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Revolutionary_Air_and_Air_Defense_Force" title="Cuban Revolutionary Air and Air Defense Force">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Air_Command" title="Cyprus Air Command">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Air_Force" title="Czech Air Force">Czechia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Air_Force" title="Royal Danish Air Force">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djibouti_Air_Force" title="Djibouti Air Force">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Air_Force" title="Dominican Air Force">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuadorian_Air_Force" title="Ecuadorian Air Force">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Air_Force" title="Egyptian Air Force">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_Air_Force" title="Salvadoran Air Force">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrean_Air_Force" title="Eritrean Air Force">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Air_Force" title="Estonian Air Force">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Air_Force" title="Ethiopian Air Force">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Air_Force" title="Finnish Air Force">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Air_and_Space_Force" title="French Air and Space Force">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabonese_Air_Force" title="Gabonese Air Force">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Air_Force" title="Georgian Air Force">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Air_Force" title="German Air Force">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana_Air_Force" title="Ghana Air Force">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Air_Force" title="Hellenic Air Force">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_Air_Force" title="Guatemalan Air Force">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea-Bissau_Air_Force" title="Guinea-Bissau Air Force">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti_Air_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Haiti Air Corps">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduran_Air_Force" title="Honduran Air Force">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Air_Force" title="Hungarian Air Force">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icelandic_Air_Policing" title="Icelandic Air Policing">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Air_Force" title="Indian Air Force">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Air_Force" title="Indonesian Air Force">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Air_Force" title="Islamic Republic of Iran Air Force">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Air_Force" title="Iraqi Air Force">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Air_Corps" title="Irish Air Corps">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Air_Force" title="Israeli Air Force">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Air_Force" title="Italian Air Force">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_the_Republic_of_Ivory_Coast" title="Armed Forces of the Republic of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Air_Self-Defense_Force" title="Japan Air Self-Defense Force">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Jordanian_Air_Force" title="Royal Jordanian Air Force">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Air_Defense_Forces" title="Kazakh Air Defense Forces">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Air_Force" title="Kenya Air Force">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait_Air_Force" title="Kuwait Air Force">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyz_Air_Force" title="Kyrgyz Air Force">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_People%27s_Liberation_Army_Air_Force" title="Lao People's Liberation Army Air Force">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Air_Force" title="Latvian Air Force">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Air_Force" title="Lebanese Air Force">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberian_Armed_Forces#Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberian Armed Forces">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Air_Force" title="Libyan Air Force">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Air_Force" title="Lithuanian Air Force">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malagasy_Air_Force" title="Malagasy Air Force">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Malaysian_Air_Force" title="Royal Malaysian Air Force">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malian_Air_Force" title="Malian Air Force">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Wing_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Malta" title="Air Wing of the Armed Forces of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania_Islamic_Air_Force" title="Mauritania Islamic Air Force">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Air_Force" title="Mexican Air Force">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldovan_Air_Force" title="Moldovan Air Force">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_Air_Force" title="Mongolian Air Force">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegrin_Air_Force" title="Montenegrin Air Force">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Moroccan_Air_Force" title="Royal Moroccan Air Force">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique_Air_Force" title="Mozambique Air Force">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar_Air_Force" title="Myanmar Air Force">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibian_Air_Force" title="Namibian Air Force">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Netherlands_Air_Force" title="Royal Netherlands Air Force">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_New_Zealand_Air_Force" title="Royal New Zealand Air Force">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_Air_Force" title="Nicaraguan Air Force">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_Air_Force" title="Nigerian Air Force">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_People%27s_Army_Air_Force" title="Korean People's Army Air Force">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia_Air_Brigade" title="North Macedonia Air Brigade">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Norwegian_Air_Force" title="Royal Norwegian Air Force">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force_of_Oman" title="Royal Air Force of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Air_Force" title="Pakistan Air Force">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_Air_Force" title="Paraguayan Air Force">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_Air_Force" title="Peruvian Air Force">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Air_Force" title="Philippine Air Force">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Air_Force" title="Polish Air Force">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Air_Force" title="Portuguese Air Force">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar_Emiri_Air_Force" title="Qatar Emiri Air Force">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Air_Force" title="Romanian Air Force">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Air_Force" title="Russian Air Force">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rwandan_Air_Force" title="Rwandan Air Force">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Saudi_Air_Force" title="Royal Saudi Air Force">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senegalese_Air_Force" title="Senegalese Air Force">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbian_Air_Force_and_Air_Defence" title="Serbian Air Force and Air Defence">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Singapore_Air_Force" title="Republic of Singapore Air Force">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Air_Force" title="Slovak Air Force">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Air_Force_and_Air_Defence" title="Slovenian Air Force and Air Defence">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Air_Force" title="Somali Air Force">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_African_Air_Force" title="South African Air Force">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Korea_Air_Force" title="Republic of Korea Air Force">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudan_Air_Force" title="South Sudan Air Force">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Air_and_Space_Force" title="Spanish Air and Space Force">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Air_Force" title="Sri Lanka Air Force">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_Air_Force" title="Sudanese Air Force">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suriname_Air_Force" title="Suriname Air Force">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Air_Force" title="Swedish Air Force">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Air_Force" title="Swiss Air Force">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Air_Force" title="Syrian Air Force">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_Air_Force" title="Republic of China Air Force">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Air_Force" title="Tajik Air Force">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania_Air_Force_Command" title="Tanzania Air Force Command">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Thai_Air_Force" title="Royal Thai Air Force">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togolese_Armed_Forces" title="Togolese Armed Forces">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongan_Air_Wing" title="Tongan Air Wing">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisian_Air_Force" title="Tunisian Air Force">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Air_Force" title="Turkish Air Force">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Air_Force" title="Turkmen Air Force">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda_Air_Force" title="Uganda Air Force">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Air_Force" title="Ukrainian Air Force">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates_Air_Force" title="United Arab Emirates Air Force">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_Air_Force" title="Uruguayan Air Force">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan_Air_and_Air_Defence_Forces" title="Uzbekistan Air and Air Defence Forces">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezuelan_Air_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Venezuelan Air Force">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_People%27s_Air_Force" title="Vietnam People's Air Force">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambian_Air_Force" title="Zambian Air Force">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_Force_of_Zimbabwe" title="Air Force of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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