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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>The Six Labours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Six_Labours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medea,_the_Marathonian_Bull,_Androgeus,_and_the_Pallantides" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medea,_the_Marathonian_Bull,_Androgeus,_and_the_Pallantides"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Medea, the Marathonian Bull, Androgeus, and the Pallantides</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medea,_the_Marathonian_Bull,_Androgeus,_and_the_Pallantides-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theseus_and_the_Minotaur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theseus_and_the_Minotaur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Theseus and the Minotaur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theseus_and_the_Minotaur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ship_of_Theseus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ship_of_Theseus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ship of Theseus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ship_of_Theseus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theseus_and_Pirithous" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theseus_and_Pirithous"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Theseus and Pirithous</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Theseus_and_Pirithous-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Theseus and Pirithous subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Theseus_and_Pirithous-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Abduction_of_Persephone_and_encounter_with_Hades" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abduction_of_Persephone_and_encounter_with_Hades"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Abduction of Persephone and encounter with Hades</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abduction_of_Persephone_and_encounter_with_Hades-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Phaedra_and_Hippolytus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Phaedra_and_Hippolytus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Phaedra and Hippolytus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Phaedra_and_Hippolytus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_stories_and_death_of_Theseus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_stories_and_death_of_Theseus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Other stories and death of Theseus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_stories_and_death_of_Theseus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adaptations_of_the_myth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adaptations_of_the_myth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Adaptations of the myth</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Adaptations_of_the_myth-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Adaptations of the myth subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Adaptations_of_the_myth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opera,_film,_television_and_video_games" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opera,_film,_television_and_video_games"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Opera, film, television and video games</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opera,_film,_television_and_video_games-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Explanatory_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Explanatory_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Explanatory notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Explanatory_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Theseus</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 77 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-77" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">77 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teseus" title="Teseus – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Teseus" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B3" title="ثيسيوس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ثيسيوس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teseu" title="Teseu – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Teseu" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%A7%D5%A1%D5%BD" title="Թիսէաս – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Թիսէաս" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesey" title="Tesey – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tesey" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B8" title="থেসেউস – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="থেসেউস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Тэсей – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тэсей" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Тезей – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тезей" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tezej" title="Tezej – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Tezej" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/These%C3%BCs" title="Theseüs – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Theseüs" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teseu" title="Teseu – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Teseu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Тесей – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тесей" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9seus" title="Théseus – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Théseus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teseiu" title="Teseiu – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Teseiu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Theseus" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Theseus" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Theseus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Theseus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%AD%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Θησέας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θησέας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teseo" title="Teseo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Teseo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tezeo" title="Tezeo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tezeo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teseo" title="Teseo – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Teseo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%B3" title="تسئوس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تسئوس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9s%C3%A9e" title="Thésée – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Thésée" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A9is%C3%A9as" title="Téiséas – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Téiséas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teseo" title="Teseo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Teseo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%85%8C%EC%84%B8%EC%9A%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="테세우스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="테세우스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%A5%D5%BD%D6%87%D5%BD" title="Թեսևս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թեսևս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tezej" title="Tezej – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tezej" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teseus" title="Teseus – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Teseus" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Theseus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Eeseifur" title="Þeseifur – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Þeseifur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teseo" title="Teseo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Teseo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1" title="תסאוס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תסאוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="თესევსი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="თესევსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%AAse%C3%BBs" title="Têseûs – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Têseûs" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Theseus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%93sejs" title="Tēsejs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tēsejs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Theseus" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tes%C4%97jas" title="Tesėjas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tesėjas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9szeusz" title="Thészeusz – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Thészeusz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%98" title="Тезеј – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тезеј" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%B3" title="تسئوس – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="تسئوس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Theseus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%86%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="သီးဆီးယပ်စ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သီးဆီးယပ်စ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Theseus" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%86%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BB%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9" title="テーセウス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="テーセウス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thesevs" title="Thesevs – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Thesevs" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thesevs" title="Thesevs – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Thesevs" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tes%C3%A8u" title="Tesèu – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Tesèu" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesey" title="Tesey – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Tesey" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B3" title="تیوس – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="تیوس" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tezeusz" title="Tezeusz – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tezeusz" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teseu" title="Teseu – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Teseu" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tezeu" title="Tezeu – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tezeu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Тесей – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тесей" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Theseus" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tezeu" title="Tezeu – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tezeu" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiseu" title="Tiseu – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Tiseu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Theseus" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9seus" title="Théseus – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Théseus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tezej" title="Tezej – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tezej" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%98" title="Тезеј – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тезеј" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tezej" title="Tezej – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tezej" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Theseus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Theseus" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teseo" title="Teseo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Teseo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="தீசுசு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தீசுசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA" title="ธีซีอัส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ธีซีอัส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Theseus" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Тесей – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тесей" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DA%BE%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="تھیسیس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تھیسیس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Theseus" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theseus" title="Theseus – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Theseus" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BF%92%E4%BF%AE%E6%96%AF" title="忒修斯 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="忒修斯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E4%BF%AE%E6%96%AF" title="特修斯 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="特修斯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BF%92%E4%BF%AE%E6%96%AF" title="忒修斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="忒修斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1320718#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> 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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;background-color: #CEF2E0;">Theseus</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div style="font-size: 110%;">Founder and Patron of <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a><br />Slayer of the <a href="/wiki/Minotaur" title="Minotaur">Minotaur</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Wall_painting_-_Theseus_victorious_over_the_Minotaur_-_Pompeii_(VII_2_16)_-_Napoli_MAN_9043_-_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Wall_painting_-_Theseus_victorious_over_the_Minotaur_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9043_-_01.jpg/220px-Wall_painting_-_Theseus_victorious_over_the_Minotaur_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9043_-_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="287" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Wall_painting_-_Theseus_victorious_over_the_Minotaur_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9043_-_01.jpg/330px-Wall_painting_-_Theseus_victorious_over_the_Minotaur_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9043_-_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Wall_painting_-_Theseus_victorious_over_the_Minotaur_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9043_-_01.jpg/440px-Wall_painting_-_Theseus_victorious_over_the_Minotaur_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9043_-_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3556" data-file-height="4632" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Theseus after having slain the Minotaur, freeing captive Athenian boys; Cretans approaching to marvel the scene, Antique <a href="/wiki/Fresco" title="Fresco">fresco</a> from <a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abode</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Elysium" title="Elysium">Elysium</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Symbols</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sword" title="Sword">Sword</a>, <a href="/wiki/Corinthian_helmet" title="Corinthian helmet">Corinthian helmet</a> (occasionally)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Festivals</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Theseia" title="Theseia">Theseia</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEF2E0;">Genealogy</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline;" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Troezen" title="Troezen">Troezen</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline;" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Skyros" title="Skyros">Skyros</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegeus" title="Aegeus">Aegeus</a> or <a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a> (father)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Aethra_(mother_of_Theseus)" title="Aethra (mother of Theseus)">Aethra</a> (mother)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Consorts</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Phaedra_(mythology)" title="Phaedra (mythology)">Phaedra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ariadne" title="Ariadne">Ariadne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hippolyta" title="Hippolyta">Hippolyta</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Offspring</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Demophon_of_Athens" title="Demophon of Athens">Demophon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acamas_(son_of_Theseus)" title="Acamas (son of Theseus)">Acamas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hippolytus_of_Athens" title="Hippolytus of Athens">Hippolytus</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:16.0em"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;color:black;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Category:Ancient Greek religion">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;color:black;"><a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#005daa">Greek mythology</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kylix_Theseus_Aison_MNA_Inv11365_n1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Theseus slays the Minotaur under the gaze of Athena"><img alt="Theseus slays the Minotaur under the gaze of Athena" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kylix_Theseus_Aison_MNA_Inv11365_n1.jpg/195px-Kylix_Theseus_Aison_MNA_Inv11365_n1.jpg" decoding="async" width="195" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kylix_Theseus_Aison_MNA_Inv11365_n1.jpg/293px-Kylix_Theseus_Aison_MNA_Inv11365_n1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Kylix_Theseus_Aison_MNA_Inv11365_n1.jpg/390px-Kylix_Theseus_Aison_MNA_Inv11365_n1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2025" data-file-height="2025" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><i>Theseus slays the Minotaur under the gaze of Athena</i></div></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;color:black;;background-color:#cef2e0; color: black;"> Deities</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:Azure"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_primordial_deities" title="Greek primordial deities">Primordial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Olympians" title="Twelve Olympians">Olympians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymph" title="Nymph">Nymphs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_water_deities" title="Greek water deities">Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chthonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Chthonic">Chthonic</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:#cef2e0 ;color:black;;background-color:#cef2e0; color: black;"> Heroes and heroism</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist" style="text-align:center;padding-top:0; background-color:Azure"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labours_of_Heracles" class="mw-redirect" title="Labours of Heracles">Labours</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achilles" title="Achilles">Achilles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector" title="Hector">Hector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diomedes" title="Diomedes">Diomedes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseus" title="Odysseus">Odysseus</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Odyssey" title="Odyssey">Odyssey</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argonauts" title="Argonauts">Argonauts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Fleece" title="Golden Fleece">Golden Fleece</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perseus" title="Perseus">Perseus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medusa" title="Medusa">Medusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorgon" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorgon">Gorgon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oedipus" title="Oedipus">Oedipus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sphinx" title="Sphinx">Sphinx</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpheus" title="Orpheus">Orpheus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orphism_(religion)" class="mw-redirect" title="Orphism (religion)">Orphism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Theseus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minotaur" title="Minotaur">Minotaur</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellerophon" title="Bellerophon">Bellerophon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus" title="Pegasus">Pegasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimera_(mythology)" title="Chimera (mythology)">Chimera</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daedalus" title="Daedalus">Daedalus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labyrinth" title="Labyrinth">Labyrinth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atalanta" title="Atalanta">Atalanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippomenes" title="Hippomenes">Hippomenes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golden_apple" title="Golden apple">Golden apple</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadmus" title="Cadmus">Cadmus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Greece" title="Thebes, Greece">Thebes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a> <ul><li><i><a 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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Draig.svg/24px-Draig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Draig.svg/32px-Draig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="713" data-file-height="475" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Myths" title="Portal:Myths">Myths portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greek_mythology_sidebar" title="Template:Greek mythology sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greek_mythology_sidebar" title="Template talk:Greek mythology sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greek_mythology_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greek mythology sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Theseus</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">UK</a>: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/θ/: 'th' in 'thigh'">θ</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="/sj/: 's' in 'consume'">sj</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span>, <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a>: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/θ/: 'th' in 'thigh'">θ</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Θησεύς</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="grc-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greek" title="Help:IPA/Greek">[tʰɛːsěu̯s]</a></span>) was a divine hero in <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, famous for slaying the <a href="/wiki/Minotaur" title="Minotaur">Minotaur</a>. The myths surrounding Theseus, his journeys, exploits, and friends, have provided material for storytelling throughout the ages. </p><p>Theseus is sometimes described as the son of <a href="/wiki/Aegeus" title="Aegeus">Aegeus</a>, king of Athens,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and sometimes as the son of the god <a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a>. He is raised by his mother, <a href="/wiki/Aethra_(mother_of_Theseus)" title="Aethra (mother of Theseus)">Aethra</a>, and upon discovering his connection to Aegeus, travels overland to Athens, having many adventures on the way. When he reaches Athens, he finds that Aegeus is married to <a href="/wiki/Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a> (formerly wife of <a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a>), who plots against him. </p><p>The most famous legend about Theseus is his slaying of the Minotaur, half man and half bull. He then goes on to unite <a href="/wiki/Attica" title="Attica">Attica</a> under Athenian rule: the <i><a href="/wiki/Synoikismos" class="mw-redirect" title="Synoikismos">synoikismos</a></i> ('dwelling together'). As the unifying king, he is credited with building a palace on the fortress of the <a href="/wiki/Acropolis" title="Acropolis">Acropolis</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a> reports that after <i>synoikismos</i>, Theseus established a cult of <a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a> ('Aphrodite of all the People') on the southern slope of the Acropolis. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>'s <i>Life of Theseus</i> makes use of varying accounts of the death of the Minotaur, Theseus's escape, and his romantic involvement with and betrayal of <a href="/wiki/Ariadne" title="Ariadne">Ariadne</a>, daughter of <a href="/wiki/King_Minos" class="mw-redirect" title="King Minos">King Minos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Plutarch's avowed purpose is to construct a <a href="/wiki/Parallel_Lives" title="Parallel Lives">life that parallels</a> the <i>Life of <a href="/wiki/Romulus" title="Romulus">Romulus</a></i>, the <a href="/wiki/Founding_myth" class="mw-redirect" title="Founding myth">founding myth</a> of Rome. Plutarch's sources, not all of whose texts have survived independently, include <a href="/wiki/Pherecydes_of_Athens" title="Pherecydes of Athens">Pherecydes</a> (mid-fifth century BC), Demon (c. 400 BC), <a href="/wiki/Philochorus" title="Philochorus">Philochorus</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cleidemus" title="Cleidemus">Cleidemus</a> (both fourth century BC).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the subject of myth, the existence of Theseus as a real person has not been proven, but scholars believe that he may have been alive during the Late Bronze Age,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or possibly as a king in the 8th or 9th century BC.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Birth_and_early_years">Birth and early years</h2></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Laurent_de_la_La_Hyre_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Laurent_de_la_La_Hyre_002.jpg/220px-Laurent_de_la_La_Hyre_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Laurent_de_la_La_Hyre_002.jpg/330px-Laurent_de_la_La_Hyre_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Laurent_de_la_La_Hyre_002.jpg/440px-Laurent_de_la_La_Hyre_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1576" data-file-height="1878" /></a><figcaption><i>Theseus and Aethra</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Laurent_de_La_Hyre" title="Laurent de La Hyre">Laurent de La Hyre</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IG_II2_971,_Athenian_decree_for_Telesias_of_Troizen_(relief).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/IG_II2_971%2C_Athenian_decree_for_Telesias_of_Troizen_%28relief%29.jpg/290px-IG_II2_971%2C_Athenian_decree_for_Telesias_of_Troizen_%28relief%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/IG_II2_971%2C_Athenian_decree_for_Telesias_of_Troizen_%28relief%29.jpg/435px-IG_II2_971%2C_Athenian_decree_for_Telesias_of_Troizen_%28relief%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/IG_II2_971%2C_Athenian_decree_for_Telesias_of_Troizen_%28relief%29.jpg/580px-IG_II2_971%2C_Athenian_decree_for_Telesias_of_Troizen_%28relief%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5788" data-file-height="2787" /></a><figcaption>Theseus uncovers Aegeus' sword and sandals, relief sculpture on a decree of 140/39 BC</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Aegeus" title="Aegeus">Aegeus</a>, one of the primordial <a href="/wiki/Kings_of_Athens" class="mw-redirect" title="Kings of Athens">kings of Athens</a>, was childless. Desiring an heir, he asked the <a href="/wiki/Oracle_of_Delphi" class="mw-redirect" title="Oracle of Delphi">Oracle of Delphi</a> for advice. Her cryptic words were "Do not loosen the bulging mouth of the wineskin until you have reached the height of Athens, lest you die of grief." Aegeus did not understand the prophecy and was disappointed. He asked the advice of his host <a href="/wiki/Pittheus" title="Pittheus">Pittheus</a>, king of <a href="/wiki/Troezen" title="Troezen">Troezen</a>. Pittheus understood the prophecy, got Aegeus drunk, and gave Aegeus his daughter <a href="/wiki/Aethra_(mother_of_Theseus)" title="Aethra (mother of Theseus)">Aethra</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>But following the instructions of <a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a> in a dream, Aethra left the sleeping Aegeus and waded across to the island of Sphairia that lay close to Troezen's shore. There, she poured a libation to Sphairos (Pelops's charioteer) and <a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a> and was possessed by the sea god in the night. The mix gave Theseus a combination of divine as well as mortal characteristics in his nature; such double paternity, with one immortal and one mortal, was a familiar feature of other <a href="/wiki/Greek_hero" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek hero">Greek heroes</a>. After Aethra became pregnant, Aegeus decided to return to Athens. Before leaving, however, he buried his sandals and sword under a huge rock<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>ii<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and told Aethra that when their son grew up, he should move the rock, if he were heroic enough, and take the tokens for himself as evidence of his royal parentage. In Athens, Aegeus was joined by <a href="/wiki/Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a>, who had left <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Corinth" title="Ancient Corinth">Corinth</a> after slaughtering the children she had borne to <a href="/wiki/Jason" title="Jason">Jason</a>, and had taken Aegeus as her new consort. </p><p>Thus Theseus was raised in his mother's land. When Theseus grew up to be a young man, he moved the rock and recovered his father's tokens. His mother then told him the truth about his father's identity and that he must take the sword and sandals back to the king <a href="/wiki/Aegeus" title="Aegeus">Aegeus</a> to claim his birthright. To journey to Athens, Theseus could choose to go by sea (which was the safe way) or by land, following a dangerous path around the <a href="/wiki/Saronic_Gulf" title="Saronic Gulf">Saronic Gulf</a>, where he would encounter a string of six entrances to the <a href="/wiki/Greek_underworld" title="Greek underworld">Underworld</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>iii<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> each guarded by a <a href="/wiki/Chthonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Chthonic">chthonic</a> enemy. Young, brave, and ambitious, Theseus decided to go alone by the land route and defeated many bandits along the way. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="The_Six_Labours">The Six Labours</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Theseus_Map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Theseus_Map.jpg/220px-Theseus_Map.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="189" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Theseus_Map.jpg/330px-Theseus_Map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Theseus_Map.jpg/440px-Theseus_Map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1062" data-file-height="914" /></a><figcaption>Map of Theseus's labours</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Theseus_Minotaur_BM_Vase_E84_n4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Theseus_Minotaur_BM_Vase_E84_n4.jpg/220px-Theseus_Minotaur_BM_Vase_E84_n4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Theseus_Minotaur_BM_Vase_E84_n4.jpg/330px-Theseus_Minotaur_BM_Vase_E84_n4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Theseus_Minotaur_BM_Vase_E84_n4.jpg/440px-Theseus_Minotaur_BM_Vase_E84_n4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2280" data-file-height="1715" /></a><figcaption>Theseus and the <a href="/wiki/Crommyonian_Sow" title="Crommyonian Sow">Crommyonian Sow</a>, with Phaea (detail of a kylix)</figcaption></figure><p>The six entrances to the underworld, more commonly known as the Six Labours, are as follows: </p><ul><li>At the first site, which was <a href="/wiki/Epidaurus" title="Epidaurus">Epidaurus</a>, sacred to <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> and the healer <a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a>, Theseus turned the tables on the chthonic bandit, <a href="/wiki/Periphetes" title="Periphetes">Periphetes</a>, the Club Bearer, who beat his opponents into the Earth, taking from him the stout staff that often identifies Theseus in vase-paintings.</li> <li>At the <a href="/wiki/Isthmus_of_Corinth" title="Isthmus of Corinth">Isthmian</a> entrance to the Underworld was a robber named <a href="/wiki/Sinis_(mythology)" title="Sinis (mythology)">Sinis</a>, often called "Pityokamptes" (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Πιτυοκάμπτης</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'he who bends Pinetrees'). He would capture travelers, tie them between two <a href="/wiki/Pine" title="Pine">pine</a> trees that were bent down to the ground, and then let the trees go, <a href="/wiki/Dismemberment#Torn_apart_by_two_trees" title="Dismemberment">tearing his victims apart</a>. Theseus slew him by his own method. He then seduced Sinis's daughter, <a href="/wiki/Perigune" title="Perigune">Perigune</a>, fathering the child <a href="/wiki/Melanippus" title="Melanippus">Melanippus</a>.</li> <li>In another deed north of the <a href="/wiki/Isthmus" title="Isthmus">Isthmus</a>, at a place called <a href="/wiki/Crommyon" title="Crommyon">Crommyon</a>, he killed an enormous pig, the <a href="/wiki/Crommyonian_Sow" title="Crommyonian Sow">Crommyonian Sow</a>, bred by an old crone named Phaea. Some versions name the sow herself as Phaea. The <i><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Bibliotheca</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Apollodorus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudo-Apollodorus">Pseudo-Apollodorus</a> described the Crommyonian Sow as an offspring of <a href="/wiki/Typhon" title="Typhon">Typhon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Echidna_(mythology)" title="Echidna (mythology)">Echidna</a>.</li> <li>Near <a href="/wiki/Megara" title="Megara">Megara</a>, a robber named <a href="/wiki/Sciron" title="Sciron">Sciron</a> forced travelers along the narrow cliff-face pathway to wash his feet. While they knelt, he kicked them off the cliff behind them, where they were eaten by a giant turtle (or, in some versions, a sea monster). Theseus pushed him off the cliff where he was eaten as well.</li> <li>Another of these enemies was <a href="/wiki/Cercyon_of_Eleusis" title="Cercyon of Eleusis">Cercyon</a>, king at the holy site of <a href="/wiki/Eleusis" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleusis">Eleusis</a>, who challenged passers-by to a wrestling match and, when he had beaten them, killed them. Theseus beat Cercyon at wrestling and then killed him instead.</li> <li>The last bandit was <a href="/wiki/Procrustes" title="Procrustes">Procrustes</a> the Stretcher, who had two beds, one of which he offered to passers-by in the plain of Eleusis. He then<i> made</i> them fit into it, either by stretching them or by cutting off their feet. Since he had two beds of different lengths, no one would fit. Theseus once again employed Procrustes' own method on him, cutting off his legs and decapitating him with his axe.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medea,_the_Marathonian_Bull,_Androgeus,_and_the_Pallantides"><span id="Medea.2C_the_Marathonian_Bull.2C_Androgeus.2C_and_the_Pallantides"></span>Medea, the Marathonian Bull, Androgeus, and the Pallantides</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kylix_57.1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Kylix_57.1.jpg/220px-Kylix_57.1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Kylix_57.1.jpg/330px-Kylix_57.1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Kylix_57.1.jpg/440px-Kylix_57.1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2660" data-file-height="1935" /></a><figcaption>Silver <a href="/wiki/Kylix" title="Kylix">kylix</a> with Theseus and the Marathon bull, 445–440 BC, part of the Vassil Bojkov collection, <a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></figcaption></figure> <p>When Theseus arrived in Athens, he did not reveal his true identity immediately. <a href="/wiki/Aegeus" title="Aegeus">Aegeus</a> gave him hospitality but was suspicious of the young, powerful stranger's intentions. Aegeus's consort <a href="/wiki/Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a> recognized Theseus immediately as Aegeus' son and worried that Theseus would be chosen as heir to Aegeus' kingdom instead of her son <a href="/wiki/Medus" title="Medus">Medus</a>. She tried to arrange to have Theseus killed by asking him to capture the <a href="/wiki/Cretan_Bull" title="Cretan Bull">Marathonian Bull</a>, an emblem of Cretan power. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kylix_Ais%C3%B3n_Teseo_(M.A.N._Madrid)_04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Kylix_Ais%C3%B3n_Teseo_%28M.A.N._Madrid%29_04.jpg/220px-Kylix_Ais%C3%B3n_Teseo_%28M.A.N._Madrid%29_04.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Kylix_Ais%C3%B3n_Teseo_%28M.A.N._Madrid%29_04.jpg/330px-Kylix_Ais%C3%B3n_Teseo_%28M.A.N._Madrid%29_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Kylix_Ais%C3%B3n_Teseo_%28M.A.N._Madrid%29_04.jpg/440px-Kylix_Ais%C3%B3n_Teseo_%28M.A.N._Madrid%29_04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2257" data-file-height="1919" /></a><figcaption>Theseus captures the <a href="/wiki/Cretan_Bull" title="Cretan Bull">Marathonian Bull</a> (kylix painted by <a href="/wiki/Aison_(vase_painter)" title="Aison (vase painter)">Aison</a>, 5th century BC)</figcaption></figure> <p>On the way to <a href="/wiki/Marathon,_Greece" title="Marathon, Greece">Marathon</a>, Theseus took shelter from a storm in the hut of an ancient woman named <a href="/wiki/Hecale" title="Hecale">Hecale</a>. She swore to make a sacrifice to <a href="/wiki/Zeus" title="Zeus">Zeus</a> if Theseus were successful in capturing the bull. Theseus did capture the bull, but when he returned to Hecale's hut, she was dead. In her honor, Theseus gave her name to one of the <a href="/wiki/Deme" title="Deme">demes</a> of Attica, making its inhabitants in a sense her adopted children. </p><p>When Theseus returned victorious to Athens, where he sacrificed the Bull, Medea tried to poison him. At the last second, Aegeus recognized the sandals and the sword and knocked the poisoned wine cup from Theseus's hands. Thus father and son were reunited, and Medea fled to <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Asia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When Theseus appeared in the town, his reputation had preceded him, as a result of his having traveled along the notorious coastal road from Troezen and slain some of the most feared bandits there. It was not long before the <a href="/wiki/Pallantides" title="Pallantides">Pallantides</a>' hopes of succeeding the childless Aegeus would be lost if they did not get rid of Theseus (the Pallantides were the sons of <a href="/wiki/Pallas_(son_of_Pandion)" title="Pallas (son of Pandion)">Pallas</a> and nephews of King <a href="/wiki/Aegeus" title="Aegeus">Aegeus</a>, who was then living at the royal court in the sanctuary of Delphic Apollo).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> So they set a trap for him. One band of them would march on the town from one side while another lay in wait near a place called Gargettus in ambush. The plan was that after Theseus, Aegeus, and the palace guards had been forced out the front, the other half would surprise them from behind. However, Theseus was not fooled. Informed of the plan by a herald named Leos, he crept out of the city at midnight and surprised the Pallantides. "Theseus then fell suddenly upon the party lying in ambush, and slew them all. Thereupon the party with Pallas dispersed," Plutarch reported.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Theseus_and_the_Minotaur">Theseus and the Minotaur</h2></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Pasipha%C3%AB" title="Pasiphaë">Pasiphaë</a>, wife of King <a href="/wiki/Minos" title="Minos">Minos</a> of Crete, had several children. The eldest of these, <a href="/wiki/Androgeus_(son_of_Minos)" title="Androgeus (son of Minos)">Androgeus</a>, set sail for Athens to take part in the <a href="/wiki/Panathenaic_Games" title="Panathenaic Games">Panathenaic Games</a>, which were held there every four years. Being strong and skillful, he did very well, winning some events outright. He soon became a crowd favorite, much to the resentment of the Pallantides, who assassinated him, incurring the wrath of Minos. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Theseus_and_the_Minotaur.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Theseus_and_the_Minotaur.gif/170px-Theseus_and_the_Minotaur.gif" decoding="async" width="170" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Theseus_and_the_Minotaur.gif/255px-Theseus_and_the_Minotaur.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a8/Theseus_and_the_Minotaur.gif 2x" data-file-width="340" data-file-height="563" /></a><figcaption>Theseus and the Minotaur</figcaption></figure> <p>When King Minos heard what had befallen his son, he ordered the Cretan fleet to set sail for Athens. Minos asked Aegeus for his son's assassins, saying that if they were to be handed to him, the city would be spared. However, not knowing who the assassins were, King <a href="/wiki/Aegeus" title="Aegeus">Aegeus</a> surrendered the whole city to Minos' mercy. His retribution was to stipulate that at the end of every <a href="/wiki/Great_Year" title="Great Year">Great Year</a>, which occurred after every seven cycles on the solar calendar, the seven most courageous youths and the seven most beautiful maidens were to board a boat and be sent as tribute to Crete, never to be seen again. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Teseo_in_lotta_col_minotauro,_da_chieti,_s.n._01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Teseo_in_lotta_col_minotauro%2C_da_chieti%2C_s.n._01.JPG/220px-Teseo_in_lotta_col_minotauro%2C_da_chieti%2C_s.n._01.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Teseo_in_lotta_col_minotauro%2C_da_chieti%2C_s.n._01.JPG/330px-Teseo_in_lotta_col_minotauro%2C_da_chieti%2C_s.n._01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Teseo_in_lotta_col_minotauro%2C_da_chieti%2C_s.n._01.JPG/440px-Teseo_in_lotta_col_minotauro%2C_da_chieti%2C_s.n._01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2648" data-file-height="2584" /></a><figcaption>Mosaic from <a href="/wiki/Chieti" title="Chieti">Chieti</a> depicting Theseus fighting the Minotaur, <a href="/wiki/National_Archaeological_Museum,_Naples" title="National Archaeological Museum, Naples">National Archaeological Museum, Naples</a>, 1st c. BC – 1st c. AD</figcaption></figure> <p>In another version, King Minos had waged war with the Athenians and was successful. He then demanded that, at nine-year intervals, seven Athenian boys and seven Athenian girls were to be sent to Crete to be devoured by the <a href="/wiki/Minotaur" title="Minotaur">Minotaur</a>, a half-man, half-bull monster that lived in the <a href="/wiki/Labyrinth" title="Labyrinth">Labyrinth</a> created by <a href="/wiki/Daedalus" title="Daedalus">Daedalus</a>. </p><p><span class="anchor" id="Labyrinth"></span>On the third occasion, Theseus volunteered to talk to the monster to stop this horror. He took the place of one of the youths and set off with a black sail, promising to his father, Aegeus, that if successful he would return with a white sail.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>iv<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like the others, Theseus was stripped of his weapons when they sailed. On his arrival in Crete, <a href="/wiki/Ariadne" title="Ariadne">Ariadne</a>, King Minos' daughter, fell in love with Theseus and, on the advice of Daedalus, gave him a ball of thread (a clew), so he could find his way out of the Labyrinth.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>v<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That night, Ariadne escorted Theseus to the Labyrinth, and Theseus promised that if he returned from the Labyrinth he would take Ariadne with him. As soon as Theseus entered the Labyrinth, he tied one end of the ball of string to the doorpost and brandished his sword which he had kept hidden from the guards inside his tunic. Theseus followed Daedalus' instructions given to Ariadne: go forwards, always down, and never left or right. Theseus came to the heart of the Labyrinth and upon the sleeping Minotaur. The beast awoke and a tremendous fight occurred. Theseus overpowered the Minotaur with his strength and stabbed the beast in the throat with his sword (according to one <i><a href="/wiki/Scholium" class="mw-redirect" title="Scholium">scholium</a></i> on Pindar's Fifth Nemean Ode, Theseus strangled it).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Affreschi_romani_-_Ercolano_-_Teseo_liberatore.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Affreschi_romani_-_Ercolano_-_Teseo_liberatore.JPG/220px-Affreschi_romani_-_Ercolano_-_Teseo_liberatore.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Affreschi_romani_-_Ercolano_-_Teseo_liberatore.JPG/330px-Affreschi_romani_-_Ercolano_-_Teseo_liberatore.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Affreschi_romani_-_Ercolano_-_Teseo_liberatore.JPG/440px-Affreschi_romani_-_Ercolano_-_Teseo_liberatore.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="2631" /></a><figcaption>Theseus on an antique fresco from <a href="/wiki/Herculaneum" title="Herculaneum">Herculaneum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>After decapitating the beast, Theseus used the string to escape the Labyrinth and managed to escape with all of the young Athenians and Ariadne as well as her younger sister <a href="/wiki/Phaedra_(mythology)" title="Phaedra (mythology)">Phaedra</a>. Then he and the rest of the crew fell asleep on the beach of the island of Naxos, where they stopped on their way back, looking for water. Theseus then abandoned Ariadne, where <a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a> eventually found and married her. On his way back from Crete, he also stopped on the island of <a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a>, where, according to <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, "Theseus danced with the young Athenians a dance still performed by the inhabitants of the island, consisting of twisting and twisted movements that reproduce the shapes of the labyrinth. Dicearchos states that this dance is called 'Crane'."<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Theseus forgot to put up the white sails instead of the black ones, so his father, the king, believing he was dead, committed suicide, throwing himself off a cliff of <a href="/wiki/Sounion" title="Sounion">Sounion</a> and into the sea, causing this body of water to be named the Aegean Sea. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ship_of_Theseus">Ship of Theseus</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ship_of_Theseus" title="Ship of Theseus">Ship of Theseus</a></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>'s <i>Life of Theseus</i>, the ship Theseus used on his return from <a href="/wiki/Minoan_civilization" title="Minoan civilization">Minoan Crete</a> to <a href="/wiki/Classical_Athens" title="Classical Athens">Athens</a> was kept in the Athenian harbor as a memorial for several centuries. </p> <blockquote><p>The ship wherein Theseus and the youth of <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> returned had thirty oars, and was preserved by the Athenians down even to the time of <a href="/wiki/Demetrius_Phalereus" class="mw-redirect" title="Demetrius Phalereus">Demetrius Phalereus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>vi<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for they took away the old planks as they decayed, putting in new and stronger timber in their place...<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The ship had to be maintained in a seaworthy state, for, in return for Theseus's successful mission, the Athenians had pledged to honor <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a> every year henceforth. Thus, the Athenians sent a religious mission to the island of <a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a> (one of Apollo's most sacred sanctuaries) on the Athenian state galley—the ship itself—to pay their fealty to the god. To preserve the purity of the occasion, no executions were permitted between the time when the religious ceremony began to when the ship returned from Delos, which took several weeks.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To preserve the ship, any wood that wore out or rotted was replaced; it was thus unclear to philosophers how much of the original ship remained, giving rise to the philosophical question of whether it should be considered "the same" ship or not. Such philosophical questions about the nature of identity are sometimes referred to as the "<a href="/wiki/Ship_of_Theseus" title="Ship of Theseus">Ship of Theseus</a>" paradox. </p><p>Regardless of these issues, the Athenians preserved the ship. They believed that Theseus had been an actual, historical figure and the ship gave them a tangible connection to their divine provenance. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Theseus_and_Pirithous">Theseus and Pirithous</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Antonio_Canova_Teseo_defeats_the_centaur.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Antonio_Canova_Teseo_defeats_the_centaur.jpg/220px-Antonio_Canova_Teseo_defeats_the_centaur.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Antonio_Canova_Teseo_defeats_the_centaur.jpg/330px-Antonio_Canova_Teseo_defeats_the_centaur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Antonio_Canova_Teseo_defeats_the_centaur.jpg/440px-Antonio_Canova_Teseo_defeats_the_centaur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3280" data-file-height="2196" /></a><figcaption><i>Theseus Defeats the Centaur</i> by <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Canova" title="Antonio Canova">Antonio Canova</a> (1804–1819), <a href="/wiki/Kunsthistorisches_Museum" title="Kunsthistorisches Museum">Kunsthistorisches Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Theseus's best friend was <a href="/wiki/Pirithous" title="Pirithous">Pirithous</a>, king of the <a href="/wiki/Lapiths" title="Lapiths">Lapiths</a>. Pirithous had heard stories of Theseus's courage and strength in battle but wanted proof so he rustled Theseus's herd of cattle and drove it from <a href="/wiki/Marathon,_Greece" title="Marathon, Greece">Marathon</a> and Theseus set out in pursuit. Pirithous took up his arms and the pair met to do battle but were so impressed with each other's gracefulness, beauty and courage they took an oath of friendship<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and joined the <a href="/wiki/Calydonian_boar_hunt" title="Calydonian boar hunt">Calydonian boar hunt</a>. </p><p>In <i>Iliad</i> I, <a href="/wiki/Nestor_(mythology)" title="Nestor (mythology)">Nestor</a> numbers Pirithous and Theseus "of heroic fame" among an earlier generation of heroes of his youth, "the strongest men that Earth has bred, the strongest men against the strongest enemies, a savage mountain-dwelling tribe whom they utterly destroyed." No trace of such an oral tradition, which Homer's listeners would have recognized in Nestor's allusion, survived in the literary epic. Later, Pirithous was preparing to marry <a href="/wiki/Hippodamia_(wife_of_Pirithous)" title="Hippodamia (wife of Pirithous)">Hippodamia</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Centaur" title="Centaur">centaurs</a> were guests at the wedding feast, but got drunk and tried to abduct the women, including Hippodamia. The Lapiths won the ensuing battle. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wall_painting_-_Peirithoos_receiving_the_centaurs_at_his_wedding_-_Pompeii_(VII_2_16)_-_Napoli_MAN_9044.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wall_painting_-_Peirithoos_receiving_the_centaurs_at_his_wedding_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9044.jpg/220px-Wall_painting_-_Peirithoos_receiving_the_centaurs_at_his_wedding_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9044.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wall_painting_-_Peirithoos_receiving_the_centaurs_at_his_wedding_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9044.jpg/330px-Wall_painting_-_Peirithoos_receiving_the_centaurs_at_his_wedding_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9044.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Wall_painting_-_Peirithoos_receiving_the_centaurs_at_his_wedding_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9044.jpg/440px-Wall_painting_-_Peirithoos_receiving_the_centaurs_at_his_wedding_-_Pompeii_%28VII_2_16%29_-_Napoli_MAN_9044.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3497" data-file-height="4034" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pirithous" title="Pirithous">Pirithous</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hippodamia_(wife_of_Pirithous)" title="Hippodamia (wife of Pirithous)">Hippodamia</a> receiving the centaurs at his wedding. Antique fresco from <a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></i> Theseus fights against and kills <a href="/wiki/Eurytus" title="Eurytus">Eurytus</a>, the "fiercest of all the fierce centaurs"<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at the wedding of <a href="/wiki/Pirithous" title="Pirithous">Pirithous</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hippodamia_(wife_of_Pirithous)" title="Hippodamia (wife of Pirithous)">Hippodamia</a>. </p><p>Also according to Ovid, Phaedra, Theseus' wife, felt left out by her husband's love for Pirithous and she used this as an excuse to try to convince her stepson, Hippolytus, to accept being her lover, as Theseus also neglected his son because he preferred to spend long periods with his companion.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abduction_of_Persephone_and_encounter_with_Hades">Abduction of Persephone and encounter with Hades</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Theseus_Helene_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2309_n2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Theseus_Helene_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2309_n2.jpg/220px-Theseus_Helene_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2309_n2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Theseus_Helene_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2309_n2.jpg/330px-Theseus_Helene_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2309_n2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Theseus_Helene_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2309_n2.jpg/440px-Theseus_Helene_Staatliche_Antikensammlungen_2309_n2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2014" data-file-height="2036" /></a><figcaption>Theseus carries off Helen, on an <a href="/wiki/Attica" title="Attica">Attic</a> red-figure <a href="/wiki/Amphora" title="Amphora">amphora</a>, c. 510 BC</figcaption></figure> <p>Theseus, a great abductor of women, and his bosom companion, <a href="/wiki/Pirithous" title="Pirithous">Pirithous</a>, since they were sons of Zeus and Poseidon, pledged themselves to marry daughters of Zeus.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Theseus, in an old tradition,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> chose <a href="/wiki/Helen_of_Troy" title="Helen of Troy">Helen</a>, and together they kidnapped her, intending to keep her until she was old enough to marry. Pirithous chose <a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a>, even though she was already married to <a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a>, king of the underworld. They left Helen with Theseus's mother, <a href="/wiki/Aethra_(Greek_mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aethra (Greek mythology)">Aethra</a> at <a href="/wiki/Aphidna" title="Aphidna">Aphidna</a>, whence she was rescued by the <a href="/wiki/Dioscuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Dioscuri">Dioscuri</a>. </p><p>On Pirithous's behalf they rather unwisely traveled to the underworld, domain of <a href="/wiki/Persephone" title="Persephone">Persephone</a> and her husband <a href="/wiki/Hades" title="Hades">Hades</a>. As they wandered through the outskirts of <a href="/wiki/Tartarus" title="Tartarus">Tartarus</a>, Theseus sat down to rest on a rock. As he did so he felt his limbs change and grow stiff. He tried to rise but could not. He was fixed to the rock. As he turned to cry out to his friend, he saw that Pirithous too was crying out. Around him gathered the terrible band of <a href="/wiki/Furies" class="mw-redirect" title="Furies">Furies</a> with snakes in their hair, torches, and long whips in their hands. Before these monsters, the hero's courage failed and he was led away to eternal punishment. </p><p>For many months in half-darkness, Theseus sat immovably fixed to the rock, mourning for both his friend and for himself. In the end, he was rescued by <a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a> who had come to the underworld for his 12th task. There he persuaded Persephone to forgive him for the part he had taken in the rash venture of Pirithous. So Theseus was restored to the upper air but Pirithous never left the kingdom of the dead, for when Heracles tried to free Pirithous, the underworld shook. They then decided the task was beyond any hero and left. When Theseus returned to Athens, he found that the <a href="/wiki/Dioscuri" class="mw-redirect" title="Dioscuri">Dioscuri</a> had taken Helen and Aethra to <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Phaedra_and_Hippolytus">Phaedra and Hippolytus</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Theseus_saves_Hippodameia,_Athens_-_Pl._Victoria,_2005.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Theseus_saves_Hippodameia%2C_Athens_-_Pl._Victoria%2C_2005.JPG/220px-Theseus_saves_Hippodameia%2C_Athens_-_Pl._Victoria%2C_2005.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Theseus_saves_Hippodameia%2C_Athens_-_Pl._Victoria%2C_2005.JPG/330px-Theseus_saves_Hippodameia%2C_Athens_-_Pl._Victoria%2C_2005.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Theseus_saves_Hippodameia%2C_Athens_-_Pl._Victoria%2C_2005.JPG/440px-Theseus_saves_Hippodameia%2C_Athens_-_Pl._Victoria%2C_2005.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><i>Theseus saves Hippodameia</i>, work by <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Pfuhl" title="Johannes Pfuhl">Johannes Pfuhl</a> in Athens</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Phaedra_(mythology)" title="Phaedra (mythology)">Phaedra</a>, Theseus' second wife and the daughter of King Minos, bore Theseus two sons, <a href="/wiki/Demophon_of_Athens" title="Demophon of Athens">Demophon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Acamas_(son_of_Theseus)" title="Acamas (son of Theseus)">Acamas</a>. While these two were still in their infancy, Phaedra fell in love with <a href="/wiki/Hippolytus_(son_of_Theseus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hippolytus (son of Theseus)">Hippolytus</a>, Theseus' son by the <a href="/wiki/Amazons" title="Amazons">Amazon</a> queen <a href="/wiki/Hippolyta" title="Hippolyta">Hippolyta</a>. According to some versions of the story, Hippolytus had scorned <a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a> to become a follower of <a href="/wiki/Artemis" title="Artemis">Artemis</a>, so Aphrodite made Phaedra fall in love with him as punishment. He rejected her out of chastity. </p><p>Alternatively, in Euripides' version, <i><a href="/wiki/Hippolytus_(play)" title="Hippolytus (play)">Hippolytus</a></i>, Phaedra's nurse told Hippolytus of her mistress's love and he swore he would not reveal the nurse as his source of information. To ensure that she would <a href="/wiki/Die_with_dignity" class="mw-redirect" title="Die with dignity">die with dignity</a>, Phaedra wrote to Theseus on a tablet claiming that Hippolytus had raped her before hanging herself. Theseus believed her and used one of the three wishes he had received from <a href="/wiki/Poseidon" title="Poseidon">Poseidon</a> against his son. The curse caused Hippolytus' horses to be frightened by a sea monster, usually a bull, and drag their rider to his death. Artemis would later tell Theseus the truth, promising to avenge her loyal follower on another follower of Aphrodite. </p><p>In a version recounted by the Roman playwright <a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a>, entitled <i><a href="/wiki/Phaedra_(Seneca)" title="Phaedra (Seneca)">Phaedra</a></i>, after Phaedra told Theseus that Hippolytus had raped her, Theseus called upon Neptune (as he did Poseidon in Euripides' interpretation) to kill his son.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Upon hearing the news of Hippolytus' death at the hands of Neptune's sea monster, Phaedra committed suicide out of guilt, for she had not intended for Hippolytus to die.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In yet another version, Phaedra simply told Theseus Hippolytus had raped her and did not kill herself.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a> sent a wild bull that terrified Hippolytus's horses.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A cult grew up around Hippolytus, associated with the cult of <a href="/wiki/Aphrodite" title="Aphrodite">Aphrodite</a>. Girls who were about to be married offered locks of their hair to him. The cult believed that <a href="/wiki/Asclepius" title="Asclepius">Asclepius</a> had resurrected Hippolytus and that he lived in a sacred forest near <a href="/wiki/Aricia,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Aricia, Italy">Aricia</a> in <a href="/wiki/Latium" title="Latium">Latium</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_stories_and_death_of_Theseus">Other stories and death of Theseus</h2></div> <p>According to some sources,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Theseus also was one of the <a href="/wiki/Argonauts" title="Argonauts">Argonauts</a>, although <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_of_Rhodes" title="Apollonius of Rhodes">Apollonius of Rhodes</a> states in the <i><a href="/wiki/Argonautica" title="Argonautica">Argonautica</a></i><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="A secondary source is needed here, please (July 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> that Theseus was still in the underworld at this time. Both statements are inconsistent with <a href="/wiki/Medea" title="Medea">Medea</a> being Aegeus' wife by the time Theseus first came to Athens. With Phaedra, Theseus fathered <a href="/wiki/Acamas_(son_of_Theseus)" title="Acamas (son of Theseus)">Acamas</a>, who was one of those who hid in the <a href="/wiki/Trojan_Horse" title="Trojan Horse">Trojan Horse</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Trojan_War" title="Trojan War">Trojan War</a>. Theseus welcomed the wandering <a href="/wiki/Oedipus" title="Oedipus">Oedipus</a> and helped <a href="/wiki/Adrastus" title="Adrastus">Adrastus</a> to bury the <a href="/wiki/Seven_against_Thebes" title="Seven against Thebes">Seven against Thebes</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Lycomedes" class="mw-redirect" title="Lycomedes">Lycomedes</a> of the island of <a href="/wiki/Skyros" title="Skyros">Skyros</a> threw Theseus off a cliff after he had lost popularity in Athens. In 475 BC, in response to an oracle, <a href="/wiki/Cimon" title="Cimon">Cimon</a> of Athens, having conquered Skyros for the Athenians, identified as the remains of Theseus "a coffin of a great corpse with a bronze spear-head by its side and a sword." (Plutarch, <i>Life of Theseus</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-burkert85_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-burkert85-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The remains found by Cimon were reburied in Athens. The early modern name <i>Theseion</i> (Temple of Theseus) was mistakenly applied to the <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Hephaestus" title="Temple of Hephaestus">Temple of Hephaestus</a> which was thought to be the actual site of the <a href="/wiki/Temenos" title="Temenos">hero's tomb</a>. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adaptations_of_the_myth">Adaptations of the myth</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Theseus-SW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Theseus-SW.jpg/170px-Theseus-SW.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="338" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Theseus-SW.jpg/255px-Theseus-SW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Theseus-SW.jpg/340px-Theseus-SW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="644" data-file-height="1281" /></a><figcaption>Theseus with the head of Minotaur</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Theseus_Slaying_Minotaur_by_Barye.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Theseus_Slaying_Minotaur_by_Barye.jpg/170px-Theseus_Slaying_Minotaur_by_Barye.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Theseus_Slaying_Minotaur_by_Barye.jpg/255px-Theseus_Slaying_Minotaur_by_Barye.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Theseus_Slaying_Minotaur_by_Barye.jpg/340px-Theseus_Slaying_Minotaur_by_Barye.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1814" data-file-height="2392" /></a><figcaption><i>Theseus Slaying Minotaur</i> (1843), bronze sculpture by <a href="/wiki/Antoine-Louis_Barye" title="Antoine-Louis Barye">Antoine-Louis Barye</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Theseus_deeds_BM_E_84.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Theseus_deeds_BM_E_84.JPG/220px-Theseus_deeds_BM_E_84.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Theseus_deeds_BM_E_84.JPG/330px-Theseus_deeds_BM_E_84.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Theseus_deeds_BM_E_84.JPG/440px-Theseus_deeds_BM_E_84.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3146" data-file-height="2433" /></a><figcaption>The deeds of Theseus, on an <a href="/wiki/Attica" title="Attica">Attic</a> <a href="/wiki/Red-figure_pottery" title="Red-figure pottery">red-figured</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Kylix_(drinking_cup)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kylix (drinking cup)">kylix</a></i>, c. 440–430 BC (<a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>)</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3></div> <ul><li>In the sixth century BCE, an unknown poet composed a now lost epic, the <i>Theseïs</i>, recounting the most famous myths associated with Theseus.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>' <a href="/wiki/Tragedy" title="Tragedy">tragedy</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Oedipus_at_Colonus" title="Oedipus at Colonus">Oedipus at Colonus</a></i> features Theseus as a major character.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euripides" title="Euripides">Euripides</a>' tragedy <i><a href="/wiki/Hippolytus_(play)" title="Hippolytus (play)">Hippolytus</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Seneca_the_Younger" title="Seneca the Younger">Seneca</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Phaedra_(Seneca)" title="Phaedra (Seneca)">Phaedra</a></i> revolve around the death of Theseus' son.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Chaucer" title="Geoffrey Chaucer">Geoffrey Chaucer</a>'s epic chivalric romance "<a href="/wiki/The_Knight%27s_Tale" title="The Knight's Tale">The Knight's Tale</a>", one of the <i><a href="/wiki/The_Canterbury_Tales" title="The Canterbury Tales">Canterbury Tales</a></i>, Theseus is the duke of Athens, husband of Ypolita, and protector of Emelye, Ypolita's sister, for whom the two knights of Thebes, Arcite and Palamon, do battle.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakob_Ayrer" title="Jakob Ayrer">Jakob Ayrer</a> wrote the play <i>Theseus</i> (1618).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Racine" title="Jean Racine">Racine</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%A8dre" title="Phèdre">Phèdre</a></i> (1677) features Theseus as well as Hippolytus and the title character Phaedra.</li> <li>Theseus is a prominent character as the Duke of Athens in <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>'s plays, <i><a href="/wiki/A_Midsummer_Night%27s_Dream" title="A Midsummer Night's Dream">A Midsummer Night's Dream</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Two_Noble_Kinsmen" title="The Two Noble Kinsmen">The Two Noble Kinsmen</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Hippolyta" title="Hippolyta">Hippolyta</a> also appears in both plays.</li> <li>In the 1898 short novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_Perseus_and_the_Gorgon%27s_Head" title="The Story of Perseus and the Gorgon's Head">The Story of Perseus and the Gorgon's Head</a></i> the mythical story of Theseus is described.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._L._Lucas" title="F. L. Lucas">F. L. Lucas</a>'s epic poem <i>Ariadne</i> (1932) is an epic reworking of the Labyrinth myth: Aegle, one of the sacrificial maidens who accompany Theseus to Crete, is Theseus's sweetheart, the Minotaur is Minos himself in a bull-mask, and Ariadne, learning on Naxos of Theseus's earlier love for Aegle, decides to leave him for the Ideal [Dionysus].<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gide" title="André Gide">André Gide</a>'s <i>Thésée</i> (1946) is a fictional autobiography where the mythical hero of Athens, now elderly, narrates his life story from his carefree youth to his killing of the Minotaur.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Renault" title="Mary Renault">Mary Renault</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_King_Must_Die" title="The King Must Die">The King Must Die</a></i> (1958) is a dramatic retelling of the Theseus legend from his childhood in Troizen until the return from Crete to Athens. While fictional, it is generally faithful to the spirit and flavor of the best-known variations of the original story. The sequel is <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bull_from_the_Sea" title="The Bull from the Sea">The Bull from the Sea</a></i> (1962), about the hero's later career.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangeline_Walton" title="Evangeline Walton">Evangeline Walton</a>'s historical fiction novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sword_Is_Forged" title="The Sword Is Forged">The Sword Is Forged</a></i> (1983) chronicles the story of Theseus and Antiope.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran_Ross" title="Fran Ross">Fran Ross</a>' 1974 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Oreo_(novel)" title="Oreo (novel)">Oreo</a></i> draws heavily from the Theseus myth.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Dobyns" title="Stephen Dobyns">Stephen Dobyns</a> wrote the poem <i>Theseus within the Labyrinth</i> (1986) which provides a retelling of the myth of Ariadne, Theseus and the Minotaur, in particular the feelings of Ariadne.</li> <li>In issue No. 12 of the <a href="/wiki/Fright_Night_(comic_series)" title="Fright Night (comic series)"><i> Fright Night</i> comic series</a>, entitled <i>Bull-Whipped</i>, Theseus and the Minotaur are resurrected by the comic's Aunt Claudia Hinault, who is the reincarnation of <a href="/wiki/Ariadne" title="Ariadne">Ariadne</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kir_Bulychov" class="mw-redirect" title="Kir Bulychov">Kir Bulychov</a>'s 1993 book <i>An Attempt on Theseus' Life</i> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <i lang="ru">Покушение на Тезея</i>) is about a plot to assassinate a man during a <a href="/wiki/Virtual_reality" title="Virtual reality">virtual reality</a> tour in which he lives through Theseus' life.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Ryabinin" title="Aleksey Ryabinin">Aleksey Ryabinin</a>'s book <i>Theseus: The story of ancient gods, goddesses, kings, and warriors</i> (2018) provides a retelling of the myths of Theseus, Aegeus, Minotaur, Ariadne, Pirithous and other personages of Greek mythology.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy_Denning" title="Troy Denning">Troy Denning</a>'s 1996 novel <i>Pages of Pain</i> features an amnesic Theseus fighting to recover his past while interacting with some of the more colorful beings of the <a href="/wiki/Planescape" title="Planescape">Planescape</a> universe.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steven_Pressfield" title="Steven Pressfield">Steven Pressfield</a>'s novel <i><a href="/wiki/Last_of_the_Amazons" title="Last of the Amazons">Last of the Amazons</a></i> (2002) attempts to situate Theseus's meeting and subsequent marriage to Antiope, as well as the ensuing war, in a historically plausible setting.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges" title="Jorge Luis Borges">Jorge Luis Borges</a> presents a variation of the myth in a short story, "<a href="/wiki/The_House_of_Asterion" title="The House of Asterion">The House of Asterion</a>" (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <span lang="es" style="font-style: normal;">"La Casa de Asterión"</span>).</li> <li>British comedian <a href="/wiki/Tony_Robinson" title="Tony Robinson">Tony Robinson</a> wrote a version of the Theseus story entitled <i>Theseus: Super Hero</i>.</li> <li>In <a href="/wiki/Gene_Wolfe" title="Gene Wolfe">Gene Wolfe</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_the_New_Sun" class="mw-redirect" title="Book of the New Sun">Book of the New Sun</a></i>, set in a very distant future, the protagonist reads a story which appears to blend the myth of Theseus with the story of <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hampton_Roads" title="Battle of Hampton Roads">Battle of Hampton Roads</a> – presumably because of a confusion between the Minotaur and the <a href="/wiki/USS_Monitor" title="USS Monitor">USS <i>Monitor</i></a>. (In this version, the Theseus character is now <a href="/wiki/Thesis" title="Thesis">a student's son</a>.)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opera,_film,_television_and_video_games"><span id="Opera.2C_film.2C_television_and_video_games"></span>Opera, film, television and video games</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Theseus" title="Special:EditPage/Theseus">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Theseus%22">"Theseus"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Theseus%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Theseus%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Theseus%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Theseus%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Theseus%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9s%C3%A9e_(Lully)" title="Thésée (Lully)">Thésée</a></i> (1675) is an early French opera by <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Lully" title="Jean-Baptiste Lully">Jean-Baptiste Lully</a> to a <a href="/wiki/Libretto" title="Libretto">libretto</a> by <a href="/wiki/Philippe_Quinault" title="Philippe Quinault">Philippe Quinault</a>, based on Ovid.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Teseo" title="Teseo">Teseo</a></i> (1713) is an <a href="/wiki/Opera_seria" title="Opera seria">opera seria</a> by <a href="/wiki/George_Frideric_Handel" title="George Frideric Handel">George Frideric Handel</a> to a libretto by <a href="/wiki/Nicola_Francesco_Haym" title="Nicola Francesco Haym">Nicola Francesco Haym</a>, based on Quinault.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The opera <i><a href="/wiki/Hippolyte_et_Aricie" title="Hippolyte et Aricie">Hippolyte et Aricie</a></i> (1733) by <a href="/wiki/Jean-Philippe_Rameau" title="Jean-Philippe Rameau">Jean-Philippe Rameau</a>, based on Racine, features Theseus as a character.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li>Fictionalized versions of Theseus and the Minotaur appear in the 1960 Italian <a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">sword-and-sandal</a> film <i><a href="/wiki/Minotaur,_the_Wild_Beast_of_Crete" title="Minotaur, the Wild Beast of Crete">Teseo contro il Minotauro</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the 2006 horror film <i><a href="/wiki/Minotaur_(film)" title="Minotaur (film)">Minotaur</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-allmoviedvd_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allmoviedvd-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The film <i><a href="/wiki/Immortals_(2011_film)" title="Immortals (2011 film)">Immortals</a></i> (2011), a unique and modernized adaptation of the legend, features <a href="/wiki/Henry_Cavill" title="Henry Cavill">Henry Cavill</a> as Theseus in a battle to save humanity from the evil man-King Hyperion, who seeks to release imprisoned <a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titans</a> to contest the Gods.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The video game <i><a href="/wiki/Hades_(video_game)" title="Hades (video game)">Hades</a></i> has Theseus, along with the <a href="/wiki/Minotaur" title="Minotaur">Minotaur</a> (named Asterius in game) acting as the bosses of <a href="/wiki/Elysium" title="Elysium">Elysium</a>, the third level of the game.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-roman"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"May I therefore succeed in purifying Fable, making her submit to reason and take on the semblance of History. But where she obstinately disdains to make herself credible, and refuses to admit any element of probability, I shall pray for kindly readers, and such as receive with indulgence the tales of antiquity." (Plutarch, <i>Life of Theseus</i>, translated by Bernadotte Perrin).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rock "which had a hollow in it just large enough to receive these objects," Plutarch says.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Compared to <a href="/wiki/Labours_of_Hercules" title="Labours of Hercules">Hercules and his Labours</a>, "Theseus is occupied only with the sacred Entrances that are local to the lands of Athens" (Ruck and Staples 1994:204).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Plutarch quotes <a href="/wiki/Simonides" class="mw-redirect" title="Simonides">Simonides</a> to the effect that the alternate sail given by Aegeus was not white, but "a scarlet sail dyed with the tender flower of luxuriant <a href="/wiki/Quercus_ilex" title="Quercus ilex">holm oak</a>." (Plutarch, 17.5).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ariadne is sometimes represented in vase-paintings with the thread wound on her <a href="/wiki/Spindle_(textiles)" title="Spindle (textiles)">spindle</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Demetrius Phalereus was a distinguished orator and statesman, who governed Athens for a decade before being exiled, in 307 BCE.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Apollodorus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+1.9.16&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Theseus">1.9.16</a>; <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Hyginus" title="Gaius Julius Hyginus">Hyginus</a>, <i>Fabulae</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#14.2">14</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#48">48</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#173">173</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#241">241</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#244">244</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#251">251</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#257">257</a> & <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://topostext.org/work/206#270">270</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cueva, Edmund P. (1996). "Plutarch's Ariadne in Chariton's Chaereas and Callirhoe." <i><a href="/wiki/American_Journal_of_Philology" title="American Journal of Philology">American Journal of Philology</a></i>, <b>117</b>(3):473–84.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFGreene" class="citation web cs1">Greene, Andrew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/thes/hd_thes.htm">"Theseus, Hero of Athens"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Theseus%2C+Hero+of+Athens&rft.aulast=Greene&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Ftoah%2Fhd%2Fthes%2Fhd_thes.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorfordLenardonSham" class="citation web cs1">Morford, Mark; Lenardon, Robert J.; Sham, Michael. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://global.oup.com/us/companion.websites/9780199997329/student/materials/chapter23/commentary/">"Classical Mythology Tenth Edition"</a>. <i>Oxford University Press</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141110071244/https://global.oup.com/us/companion.websites/9780199997329/student/materials/chapter23/commentary/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Oxford+University+Press&rft.atitle=Classical+Mythology+Tenth+Edition&rft.aulast=Morford&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.au=Lenardon%2C+Robert+J.&rft.au=Sham%2C+Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobal.oup.com%2Fus%2Fcompanion.websites%2F9780199997329%2Fstudent%2Fmaterials%2Fchapter23%2Fcommentary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Morford, Mark P. O., Robert J. Lenardon, and Michael Sham. 2014. <i>Classical Mythology</i> (10th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Medea-Greek-mythology">"Medea | Characteristics, Family, & Plays"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Medea+%7C+Characteristics%2C+Family%2C+%26+Plays&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FMedea-Greek-mythology&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Parallel_Lives" title="Parallel Lives">Parallel Lives</a></i>, "Life of Theseus" 12 (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Plutarch%27s_Lives_(Clough)/Life_of_Theseus#12:1" class="extiw" title="s:Plutarch's Lives (Clough)/Life of Theseus">ed. Clough 1859</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Theseus*.html#12.1">ed. Loeb</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Parallel_Lives" title="Parallel Lives">Parallel Lives</a></i>, "Life of Theseus" 13 (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Plutarch%27s_Lives_(Clough)/Life_of_Theseus#13:1" class="extiw" title="s:Plutarch's Lives (Clough)/Life of Theseus">ed. Clough 1859</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Theseus*.html#13.1">ed. Loeb</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A1roly_Ker%C3%A9nyi" title="Károly Kerényi">Kerényi, Karl</a> (1959). <i>The Heroes of the Greeks.</i> p. 232, note 532.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Parallel_Lives" title="Parallel Lives">Parallel Lives</a></i>, "Life of Theseus" 21 (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Plutarch%27s_Lives_(Clough)/Life_of_Theseus#21:1" class="extiw" title="s:Plutarch's Lives (Clough)/Life of Theseus">ed. Clough 1859</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Theseus*.html#21.1">ed. Loeb</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Parallel_Lives" title="Parallel Lives">Parallel Lives</a></i>, "Life of Theseus" 23.1 (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Plutarch%27s_Lives_(Clough)/Life_of_Theseus#23:1" class="extiw" title="s:Plutarch's Lives (Clough)/Life of Theseus">ed. Clough 1859</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Theseus*.html#23.1">ed. Loeb</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooperHutchinson1997" class="citation book cs1">Cooper, John M.; Hutchinson, D. S., eds. (1997). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/completeworks00plat"><i>Plato: Complete Works</i></a></span>. Indianapolis: Hackett. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/completeworks00plat/page/37">37</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87220-349-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-87220-349-2"><bdi>0-87220-349-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Plato%3A+Complete+Works&rft.place=Indianapolis&rft.pages=37&rft.pub=Hackett&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-87220-349-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcompleteworks00plat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Parallel_Lives" title="Parallel Lives">Parallel Lives</a></i>, "Life of Theseus" 30.1–2 (<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Plutarch%27s_Lives_(Clough)/Life_of_Theseus#30:1" class="extiw" title="s:Plutarch's Lives (Clough)/Life of Theseus">ed. Clough 1859</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Plutarch/Lives/Theseus*.html#30.1">ed. Loeb</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ovid, <i>Metamorphoses</i> XII: 217–153</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theoi.com/Text/OvidHeroides1.html#4">"OVID, HEROIDES IV – Theoi Classical Texts Library"</a>. <i>theoi.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=theoi.com&rft.atitle=OVID%2C+HEROIDES+IV+%E2%80%93+Theoi+Classical+Texts+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theoi.com%2FText%2FOvidHeroides1.html%234&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Heroides" title="Heroides">Heroides</a></i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0085%3Apoem%3D4">4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Scholia on <i>Iliad</i> III.144 and a fragment (#227) of <a href="/wiki/Pindar" title="Pindar">Pindar</a>, according to Kerenyi 1951:237, note 588.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Athenaeus" title="Athenaeus">Athenaeus</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Deipnosophistae" title="Deipnosophistae">Deipnosophistae</a></i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/Literature/Literature-idx?type=turn&id=Literature.AthV3&entity=Literature.AthV3.p0079&q1=helen&pview=hide">13.4 (557a)</a>; cf. Kerenyi (1959:234) and note.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Sen.+Phaed.+941&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2007.01.0008">"Sen. <i>Phaed</i>. 941–949"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sen.+Phaed.+941%E2%80%93949&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DSen.%2BPhaed.%2B941%26fromdoc%3DPerseus%253Atext%253A2007.01.0008&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Sen.+Phaed.+1156&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2007.01.0008.">"Sen. <i>Phaed.</i> 1159–1198"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sen.+Phaed.+1159%E2%80%931198.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DSen.%2BPhaed.%2B1156%26fromdoc%3DPerseus%253Atext%253A2007.01.0008.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Apollodorus, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+1.9.16&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Theseus">1.9.16</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-burkert85-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-burkert85_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurkert1985" class="citation book cs1">Burkert, Walter (1985). <i>Greek Religion</i>. Harvard University Press. p. 206. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674362819" title="Special:BookSources/9780674362819"><bdi>9780674362819</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Greek+Religion&rft.pages=206&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=9780674362819&rft.aulast=Burkert&rft.aufirst=Walter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPowell2021" class="citation book cs1">Powell, Barry B. (2021). <i>Classical Myth</i> (9th ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 402. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-752798-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-752798-6"><bdi>978-0-19-752798-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Classical+Myth&rft.pages=402&rft.edition=9th&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-0-19-752798-6&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=Barry+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: date and year (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_date_and_year" title="Category:CS1 maint: date and year">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLucas2014" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/F._L._Lucas" title="F. L. Lucas">Lucas, F. L.</a> (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cambridge.org/fr/academic/subjects/literature/english-literature-1830-1900/ariadne"><i>Ariadne</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1107677524" title="Special:BookSources/978-1107677524"><bdi>978-1107677524</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ariadne&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1107677524&rft.aulast=Lucas&rft.aufirst=F.+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Ffr%2Facademic%2Fsubjects%2Fliterature%2Fenglish-literature-1830-1900%2Fariadne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWalton1983" class="citation web cs1">Walton, Evangeline (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kirkusreviews.com/book-reviews/evangeline-walton/the-sword-is-forged/">"<i>The Sword Is Forged</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Kirkus_Reviews" title="Kirkus Reviews">Kirkus Reviews</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kirkus+Reviews&rft.atitle=The+Sword+Is+Forged&rft.date=1983&rft.aulast=Walton&rft.aufirst=Evangeline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kirkusreviews.com%2Fbook-reviews%2Fevangeline-walton%2Fthe-sword-is-forged%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMullen2002" class="citation journal cs1">Mullen, Harryette Mullen (1 March 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://academic.oup.com/melus/article/27/1/107/946664">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Apple Pie with Oreo Crust": Fran Ross's Recipe for an Idiosyncratic American Novel"</a>. <i>MELUS</i>. <b>27</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">107–</span>129. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3250639">10.2307/3250639</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0163-755X">0163-755X</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3250639">3250639</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MELUS&rft.atitle=%22Apple+Pie+with+Oreo+Crust%22%3A+Fran+Ross%27s+Recipe+for+an+Idiosyncratic+American+Novel&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E107-%3C%2Fspan%3E129&rft.date=2002-03-01&rft.issn=0163-755X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3250639%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3250639&rft.aulast=Mullen&rft.aufirst=Harryette+Mullen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Facademic.oup.com%2Fmelus%2Farticle%2F27%2F1%2F107%2F946664&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRyabinin2018" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Ryabinin" title="Aleksey Ryabinin">Ryabinin, Aleksey</a> (2018). <i>Theseus. 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Zdanov. Life and adventures of Theseus</a>. // «KP», 14 February 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bemf.org/recordings/lullys-thesee/">"Lully's Thésée"</a>. <i>Boston Early Music Festival</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Boston+Early+Music+Festival&rft.atitle=Lully%27s+Th%C3%A9s%C3%A9e&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbemf.org%2Frecordings%2Flullys-thesee%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bachtrack.com/handel-teseo">"Handel's "Teseo" – an introduction"</a>. <i>bachtrack.com</i>. 7 December 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bachtrack.com&rft.atitle=Handel%27s+%22Teseo%22+%E2%80%93+an+introduction&rft.date=2008-12-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbachtrack.com%2Fhandel-teseo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://letterboxd.com/film/the-minotaur-the-wild-beast-of-crete/">"The Minotaur, the Wild Beast of Crete"</a>. <i>Letter Box</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Letter+Box&rft.atitle=The+Minotaur%2C+the+Wild+Beast+of+Crete&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fletterboxd.com%2Ffilm%2Fthe-minotaur-the-wild-beast-of-crete%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-allmoviedvd-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-allmoviedvd_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmovie.com/movie/minotaur-v342810/releases">"Minotaur (2005) – Jonathan English"</a>. AllMovie<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Minotaur+%282005%29+%E2%80%93+Jonathan+English&rft.pub=AllMovie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.allmovie.com%2Fmovie%2Fminotaur-v342810%2Freleases&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2011" class="citation cs2">Singh, Tarsem (11 November 2011), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1253864/"><i>Immortals</i></a> (Action, Drama, Fantasy), Relativity Media, Virgin Produced, Mark Canton Productions<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2022</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Immortals&rft.pub=Relativity+Media%2C+Virgin+Produced%2C+Mark+Canton+Productions&rft.date=2011-11-11&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Tarsem&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.imdb.com%2Ftitle%2Ftt1253864%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStacey_Henley2020" class="citation web cs1">Stacey Henley (29 October 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/the-joy-of-loving-theseus-from-hades">"The joy of loving Theseus from Hades"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rock_Paper_Shotgun" title="Rock Paper Shotgun">Rock Paper Shotgun</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rock+Paper+Shotgun&rft.atitle=The+joy+of+loving+Theseus+from+Hades&rft.date=2020-10-29&rft.au=Stacey+Henley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rockpapershotgun.com%2Fthe-joy-of-loving-theseus-from-hades&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <p><b>Primary sources</b> </p> <ul><li>Pseudo-Apollodorus, <i><a href="/wiki/Bibliotheca_(Pseudo-Apollodorus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)">Bibliotheca</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metamorphoses" title="Metamorphoses">Metamorphoses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://classics.mit.edu/Plutarch/theseus.html">Theseus</a></i></li></ul> <p><b>Secondary sources</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Burkert" title="Walter Burkert">Burkert, Walter</a>, <i>Greek Religion</i> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Dobyns" title="Stephen Dobyns">Stephen Dobyns</a>, <i>Theseus within the Labyrinth</i> (1986) <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/20600617">https://www.jstor.org/stable/20600617</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A1roly_Ker%C3%A9nyi" title="Károly Kerényi">Kerényi, Karl</a>, <i>The Heroes of the Greeks</i> (1959)</li> <li>Price, Anne, <i>The Quest for Theseus</i> (London, 1970) examines the Theseus-Minotaur-Ariadne myth and its historical basis, and later treatments and adaptations of it in Western culture.</li> <li>Ruck, Carl A.P. and Danny Staples, <i>The World of Classical Myth</i>: ch. IX "Theseus: making the new Athens" (1994), pp. 203–222.</li> <li>Sideris, Athanasios, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/19830301/Theseus_in_Thrace._The_Silver_Lining_on_the_Clouds_of_the_Athenian-Thracian_Relations_in_the_5th_century_BC"><i>Theseus in Thrace. The silver lining on the clouds of the Athenian-Thracian relations in the 5th century BC</i></a> (Sofia, 2015) presents new iconographical sources and examines the role of Theseus in the state ideology of Athens and its gift-diplomacy with Thrace.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvon_den_Hoff2015" class="citation book cs1">von den Hoff, Ralf (2015). "Media for Theseus or the different images of the Athenian polis hero". In Foxhall, Lin; Gehrke, Hans-Joachim; Luraghi, Nino (eds.). <i>Intentional History : Spinning Time in Ancient Greece</i>. Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag. pp. <span class="nowrap">161–</span>188. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-515-11288-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-515-11288-8"><bdi>978-3-515-11288-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Media+for+Theseus+or+the+different+images+of+the+Athenian+polis+hero&rft.btitle=Intentional+History+%3A+Spinning+Time+in+Ancient+Greece.&rft.place=Stuttgart&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E161-%3C%2Fspan%3E188&rft.pub=Franz+Steiner+Verlag&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-3-515-11288-8&rft.aulast=von+den+Hoff&rft.aufirst=Ralf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATheseus" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Walker, Henry J., <i>Theseus and Athens</i>, Oxford University Press (US 1995). The most thorough scholarly examination of Theseus's archaic origins and classical myth and cult, and his place in classical literature.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Theseus" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Theseus">Theseus</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theoi.com/Text/PlutarchTheseus.html">(Theoi Project) Plutarch: <i>Life of Theseus</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://greekmythcomix.com/comic/theseus-and-the-minotaur-pt1/">Greek Myth Comix: The Story of Theseus, Pt. 1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://greekmythcomix.com/comic/theseus-and-the-minotaur-pt2/">Pt. 2</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://greekmythcomix.com/comic/theseus-and-the-minotaur-pt3/">Pt. 3</a> The story of Theseus in comic-strip format, by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://greekmythcomix.com">Greek Myth Comix</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iconographic.warburg.sas.ac.uk/category/vpc-taxonomy-000332">The Warburg Institute Iconographic Database (images of Theseus)</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Aegeus" title="Aegeus">Aegeus</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/King_of_Athens" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Athens">King of Athens</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Menestheus" title="Menestheus">Menestheus</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcibiades" title="Alcibiades">Alcibiades</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gnaeus_Marcius_Coriolanus" title="Gnaeus Marcius Coriolanus">Coriolanus</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a> and <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Life_of_Caesar_(Plutarch)" title="Life of Caesar (Plutarch)">life</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aratus_of_Sicyon" title="Aratus of Sicyon">Aratus of Sicyon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Artaxerxes_II_of_Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Artaxerxes II of Persia">Artaxerxes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Galba" title="Galba">Galba</a> / <a href="/wiki/Otho" title="Otho">Otho</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristides" title="Aristides">Aristides</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cato_the_Elder" title="Cato the Elder">Cato the Elder</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Licinius_Crassus" title="Marcus Licinius Crassus">Crassus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nicias" title="Nicias">Nicias</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrius_I_of_Macedon" class="mw-redirect" title="Demetrius I of Macedon">Demetrius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mark_Antony" title="Mark Antony">Antony</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demosthenes" title="Demosthenes">Demosthenes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cicero" title="Cicero">Cicero</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dion_of_Syracuse" title="Dion of Syracuse">Dion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Junius_Brutus" title="Marcus Junius Brutus">Brutus</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Fabius_Maximus_Verrucosus" title="Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus">Fabius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pericles" title="Pericles">Pericles</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucullus" title="Lucullus">Lucullus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cimon" title="Cimon">Cimon</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysander" title="Lysander">Lysander</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sulla" title="Sulla">Sulla</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numa_Pompilius" title="Numa Pompilius">Numa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lycurgus" title="Lycurgus">Lycurgus</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelopidas" title="Pelopidas">Pelopidas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Claudius_Marcellus" title="Marcus Claudius Marcellus">Marcellus</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philopoemen" title="Philopoemen">Philopoemen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Titus_Quinctius_Flamininus" title="Titus Quinctius Flamininus">Flamininus</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phocion" title="Phocion">Phocion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cato_the_Younger" title="Cato the Younger">Cato the Younger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pompey" title="Pompey">Pompey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Agesilaus_II" title="Agesilaus II">Agesilaus</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Publius_Valerius_Poplicola" title="Publius Valerius Poplicola">Poplicola</a> and <a href="/wiki/Solon" title="Solon">Solon</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrrhus_of_Epirus" title="Pyrrhus of Epirus">Pyrrhus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Marius" title="Gaius Marius">Gaius Marius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romulus" title="Romulus">Romulus</a> and <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Theseus</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Sertorius" title="Quintus Sertorius">Sertorius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eumenes" title="Eumenes">Eumenes</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agis_IV" title="Agis IV">Agis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cleomenes_III" title="Cleomenes III">Cleomenes</a><sup><small>1</small></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Tiberius_Gracchus" title="Tiberius Gracchus">Tiberius Gracchus</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Gracchus" title="Gaius Gracchus">Gaius Gracchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timoleon" title="Timoleon">Timoleon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Aemilius_Paullus_Macedonicus" title="Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus">Aemilius Paulus</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Themistocles" title="Themistocles">Themistocles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Furius_Camillus" title="Marcus Furius Camillus">Camillus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Translators and editors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Amyot" title="Jacques Amyot">Jacques Amyot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Hugh_Clough" title="Arthur Hugh Clough">Arthur Hugh Clough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dryden" title="John Dryden">John Dryden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philemon_Holland" title="Philemon Holland">Philemon Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_North" title="Thomas North">Thomas North</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup><small>1</small></sup> Comparison extant</li> <li><sup><small>2</small></sup> Four unpaired <i>Lives</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1320718#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1988" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" 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