Monthly archive - AL-Monitor: The Middle East始s leading independent news source since 2012

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="og: https://ogp.me/ns#"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <style>/* @see https://github.com/aFarkas/lazysizes#broken-image-symbol */.js img.lazyload:not([src]) { visibility: hidden; }/* @see https://github.com/aFarkas/lazysizes#automatically-setting-the-sizes-attribute */.js img.lazyloaded[data-sizes=auto] { display: block; width: 100%; }/* Transition effect. */.js .lazyload, .js .lazyloading { opacity: 0; }.js .lazyloaded { opacity: 1; -webkit-transition: opacity 2000ms; transition: opacity 2000ms; }</style> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.al-monitor.com/archives" /> <link rel="icon" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/favicon.ico" /> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/globe.svg" /> <link rel="icon" sizes="16x16" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-16x16.png" /> <link rel="icon" sizes="32x32" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-32x32.png" /> <link rel="icon" sizes="96x96" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-96x96.png" /> <link rel="icon" sizes="192x192" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-192x192.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-60x60.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="72x72" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="114x114" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="144x144" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-57x57.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="72x72" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-72x72.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="76x76" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="114x114" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-114x114.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="120x120" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="144x144" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-144x144.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="152x152" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" sizes="180x180" href="/themes/custom/alm/icons/apple-touch-icon-180x180.png" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <meta name="apple-itunes-app" content="app-id=6478243264" /> <title>Monthly archive - AL-Monitor: The Middle East始s leading independent news source since 2012</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_7OslPW5LbcmWB915_PvG2HdemTcER58WWBm0NWhYZ6c.css?delta=0&language=en&theme=alm&include=eJw9jFEOgzAMQy9UkSOhlLqoW9qgJDC4_ap97Md6fpbM0qnqCE88aRfNLCkjArbiPtRR1tpkVqcdAzbn7Y3SQm3lbVMrTQf9aak23zBKmgJU7DxYFn7xnfzxQKfMjhTKHq0-JC0b25Ouho_TL5eu5RR8ATEsPDA" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Barlow:ital,wght@0,400;0,500;0,600;0,700;1,400;1,500;1,600;1,700&display=fallback" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/sites/default/files/css/css_3wDRXiUen4dSD3RbVe3HAKFa7CrZWEgcztJtfjcgd-U.css?delta=2&language=en&theme=alm&include=eJw9jFEOgzAMQy9UkSOhlLqoW9qgJDC4_ap97Md6fpbM0qnqCE88aRfNLCkjArbiPtRR1tpkVqcdAzbn7Y3SQm3lbVMrTQf9aak23zBKmgJU7DxYFn7xnfzxQKfMjhTKHq0-JC0b25Ouho_TL5eu5RR8ATEsPDA" />  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PNJ4B4R');</script>  <script type="text/javascript" async>function r(e){/in/.test(document.readyState)?setTimeout("r("+e+")",9):e()}function callback(e){console.log("reply",e)}r(function(){var e=new XMLHttpRequest;e.onreadystatechange=function(){4==e.readyState&&200==e.status&&callback(e.responseText)};var t=window.location.href;e.open("POST","https://ipapi.optiryte.com/api/IP?Token=YOUR_TRACKING_CODE",!0),e.setRequestHeader("content-type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded"),e.send(t)});</script>  <script> !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) {if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)}; if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window,document,'script','https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); fbq('init', '966621336700630'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); // Circlebrain fbq('init', '1569525037283060'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); </script>   <script> !function(e,t,n,s,u,a){e.twq||(s=e.twq=function(){s.exe?s.exe.apply(s,arguments):s.queue.push(arguments); },s.version='1.1',s.queue=[],u=t.createElement(n),u.async=!0,u.src='//static.ads-twitter.com/uwt.js', a=t.getElementsByTagName(n)[0],a.parentNode.insertBefore(u,a))}(window,document,'script'); // Insert Twitter Pixel ID and Standard Event data below twq('init','nxhis'); twq('track','PageView'); </script>  </head> <body class="alias--archives logged-out fixed-header">  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PNJ4B4R" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <noscript><img height="1" width="1" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=966621336700630&ev=PageView&noscript=1"/></noscript>   <noscript><img height="1" width="1" style="display:none" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=1569525037283060&ev=PageView&noscript=1" /></noscript> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable"> Skip to main content </a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <div class="layout-container" data-overlay-visible="false"> <div class="alm-overlay"></div> <header id="header" class="header header--fixed"> <div class="header__inner"> <div class="header__primary"> <div class="header__primary_content"> <div class="header__search_nav"> <a href="#" id="toggle-expand" class="toggle-expand"> <svg class="toggle-expand__icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#discover"></use> </svg> <svg class="toggle-expand-dark__icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#discover-dark"></use> </svg> </a> <div class="header__search_links"> <a href="/explore" class="button--tertiary explore-search" title="Search and explore Al-Monitor"> <span class="icon"> <img class="default" src= "/themes/custom/alm/images/icons/magnifiying-glass.svg" aria-hidden="true" alt="search icon"/> <img class="on-hover u-display--none" src= "/themes/custom/alm/images/icons/magnifiying-glass-white.svg" aria-hidden="true" alt="search icon"/> </span> </a> <a href="/newsletter/subscribe" class="button button--bare button--xsmall">Newsletters</a> <a href="/events" class="button button--bare button--xsmall">Events</a> </div> </div> <div class="header__branding"> <a class="logo-link" href="/" > <img class="logo__image" src="/themes/custom/alm/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" /> <img class="logo_dark__image" src="/themes/custom/alm/images/logo-dark.svg" alt="Logo" /> </a> </div> <div class="header__user_tools"> <div class="header__user_tools_links"> <div class="user-menu--container"> <ul class="user-menu" id="user-menu"> <li class="item"> <a href="/pro/subscribe" class="user-menu__link button button--primary button--xsmall" data-drupal-link-system-path="pro/subscribe">Subscribe</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/user/login?current=/podcasts/israeli-social-media-expert-orit-perlov-recent-escalation-caught-gazans-surprise" class="user-menu__link button button--bare button--xsmall" data-drupal-link-system-path="user/login">Sign in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header__middle"> <div class="header__middle_content"> <h5 class="h5 h5--site-slogan"> The Middle East始s leading independent news source since 2012 </h5> </div> </div> <div class="header__secondary"> <div class="header__menu"> <div class="auxiliary-menu auxiliary-menu--header auxiliary-menu--before"> <button class="button button--bare button--close"> <svg class="icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#close"></use> </svg> <span class="visually-hidden">Close Menu</span> </button> <div data-bef-auto-submit-full-form="" data-bef-auto-submit="" data-bef-auto-submit-delay="500" data-bef-auto-submit-minimum-length="3" data-drupal-selector="views-exposed-form-search-page-1" class="block views-exposed-form bef-exposed-form"> <h2 class="h2">Search</h2> <form action="/search" method="get" id="views-exposed-form-search-page-1" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <div action="/search" method="get" id="views-exposed-form-search-page-1" accept-charset="UTF-8" class="placeholder-icon"> <svg width="33" height="33" viewBox="0 0 33 33" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M26.3402 25.7728L21.3402 20.7728M7.00684 14.7728C7.00684 10.1704 10.7378 6.43945 15.3402 6.43945C19.9425 6.43945 23.6735 10.1704 23.6735 14.7728C23.6735 19.3752 19.9425 23.1061 15.3402 23.1061C10.7378 23.1061 7.00684 19.3752 7.00684 14.7728Z" stroke="#242424" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"/> </svg> </div> <div class="js-form-item form-item"> <input placeholder="Keywords, topics and authors" data-drupal-selector="edit-text" type="text" id="edit-text" name="text" value="" size="30" maxlength="128" class="form-text form-item__textfield" /> </div> <div data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" class="form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"> <button data-bef-auto-submit-click="" class="js-hide button js-form-submit form-submit search-submit-button button--imaged input-button-converted" data-drupal-selector="edit-submit-search" type="submit" id="edit-submit-search" value="Search"> <span class="icon"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <svg id="Layer_1" data-name="Layer 1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 33 33"> <defs> <style> .cls-1 { fill: none; stroke: #fff; stroke-linecap: round; stroke-linejoin: round; stroke-width: 1.5px; } </style> </defs> <path class="cls-1" d="M26.3,25.8l-5-5M7,14.8c0-4.6,3.7-8.3,8.3-8.3s8.3,3.7,8.3,8.3-3.7,8.3-8.3,8.3-8.3-3.7-8.3-8.3Z"/> </svg></span> <span class="text u-visually-hidden"> Search </span> </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-alm-main-menu-menu" id="block-alm-main-menu"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-alm-main-menu-menu">Main navigation</h2> <nav> <div id="main-nav" class="main-nav"> <ul class="main-menu"> <li class="item"> <a href="/politics-security" class="main-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/8960">Politics & Security</a> </li> <li class="item item--separator"> <svg class="icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#menu-separator"></use> </svg> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/culture" class="main-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/8961">Culture</a> </li> <li class="item item--separator"> <svg class="icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#menu-separator"></use> </svg> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/technology" class="main-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/8962">Technology</a> </li> <li class="item item--separator"> <svg class="icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#menu-separator"></use> </svg> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/economy-business" class="main-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/8963">Economy & Business</a> </li> <li class="item item--separator"> <svg class="icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#menu-separator"></use> </svg> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/explore" class="main-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="explore">Explore</a> </li> <li class="item item--separator"> <svg class="icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#menu-separator"></use> </svg> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/interviews" class="main-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="interviews">Interviews</a> </li> <li class="item item--separator"> <svg class="icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#menu-separator"></use> </svg> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/events" class="main-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="events">Events</a> </li> <li class="item item--separator"> <svg class="icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#menu-separator"></use> </svg> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/authors" class="main-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="authors">Journalists</a> </li> <li class="item item--separator"> <svg class="icon" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#menu-separator"></use> </svg> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/newsletter/subscribe" class="main-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="newsletter/subscribe">Newsletters</a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </nav> <nav role="navigation" aria-labelledby="block-alm-secondarynavigation-menu" id="block-alm-secondarynavigation"> <h2 class="visually-hidden" id="block-alm-secondarynavigation-menu">Secondary Navigation</h2> <nav class="secondary-nav__wrapper" data-with-expander="true"> <div id="secondary-nav" class="secondary-nav"> <ul class="secondary-menu"> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/turkey" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#turkey"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Turkey</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/syria" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#syria"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Syria</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/saudi-arabia" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#saudi-arabia"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Saudi Arabia</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/iran" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#iran"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Iran</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/united-arab-emirates" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#united-arab-emirates"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">United Arab Emirates</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/palestine" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#palestine"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Palestine</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/israel" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#israel"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Israel</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/egypt" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#egypt"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Egypt</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/china" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#china"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">China</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/united-states" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#united-states"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">United States</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/qatar" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#qatar"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Qatar</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/lebanon" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#lebanon"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Lebanon</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/oman" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#oman"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Oman</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/iraq" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#iraq"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Iraq</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/jordan" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#jordan"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Jordan</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/algeria" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#algeria"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Algeria</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/bahrain" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#bahrain"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Bahrain</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/kuwait" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#kuwait"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Kuwait</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/libya" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#libya"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Libya</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/morocco" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#morocco"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Morocco</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/sudan" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#sudan"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Sudan</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/tunisia" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#tunisia"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Tunisia</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/yemen" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#yemen"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Yemen</div> </a> </li> <li class="item"> <a class="country country--with-icon" href="/somalia" > <svg class="icon icon--country" > <use xlink:href="/themes/custom/alm/dist/icons.svg?v1.0#somalia"></use> </svg> <div class="country--name">Somalia</div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="expander"> <button class="expander__button button button--alt button--border-thin button--small u-font-weight--semiBold" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="secondary-nav" aria-label="show all acountries"> See all </button> </div> </nav> </nav> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="main"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <main role="main" class="main-content"> <div> <div id="block-alm-content" class="block"> <div class="views-element-container"><div class="js-view-dom-id-65eb998a211151613e6711f4bcb2b38f867dc07cf182bbf51af03010e2d2060a view--archive view--archive--page_1"> <section class="section section--archive-title section--constrain"> <div class="section--content section--content--constrain"> <h1 class="h1 h1--listing-page u-margin--none"> <span class="rhombus"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="12" viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="none"> <rect x="0.686523" y="6" width="8" height="8" transform="rotate(-45 0.686523 6)" fill="#732623"/> </svg> </span> <span class="text">Archives</span> <span class="rhombus"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="12" height="12" viewBox="0 0 12 12" fill="none"> <rect x="0.686523" y="6" width="8" height="8" transform="rotate(-45 0.686523 6)" fill="#732623"/> </svg> </span> </h1> <h2 class="h2 h2--listing-page u-margin--none"> Explore decades of Al-Monitor content. </h2> </div> </section> <section class="section section--archives section--full-width"> <div class="section--content section--content--full-width view-content"> <ul class="list list--archive-list"> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202502" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">February 2025 (236) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202501" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">January 2025 (476) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202412" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">December 2024 (486) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202411" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">November 2024 (462) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202410" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">October 2024 (543) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202409" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">September 2024 (451) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202408" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">August 2024 (409) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202407" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">July 2024 (425) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202406" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">June 2024 (438) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202405" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">May 2024 (518) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202404" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">April 2024 (520) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202403" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">March 2024 (469) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202402" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">February 2024 (500) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202401" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">January 2024 (579) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202312" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">December 2023 (542) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202311" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">November 2023 (602) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202310" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">October 2023 (675) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202309" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">September 2023 (439) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202308" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">August 2023 (418) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202307" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">July 2023 (460) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202306" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">June 2023 (413) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202305" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">May 2023 (485) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202304" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">April 2023 (457) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202303" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">March 2023 (547) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202302" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">February 2023 (464) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202301" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">January 2023 (505) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202212" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">December 2022 (482) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202211" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">November 2022 (629) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202210" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">October 2022 (602) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202209" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">September 2022 (486) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202208" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">August 2022 (545) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202207" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">July 2022 (499) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202206" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">June 2022 (593) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202205" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">May 2022 (554) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202204" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">April 2022 (465) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202203" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">March 2022 (556) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202202" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">February 2022 (435) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202201" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">January 2022 (353) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202112" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">December 2021 (346) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202111" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">November 2021 (359) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202110" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">October 2021 (331) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202109" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">September 2021 (327) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202108" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">August 2021 (371) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202107" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">July 2021 (367) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202106" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">June 2021 (411) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202105" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">May 2021 (379) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202104" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">April 2021 (396) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202103" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">March 2021 (400) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202102" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">February 2021 (380) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202101" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">January 2021 (366) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202012" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">December 2020 (371) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202011" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">November 2020 (353) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202010" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">October 2020 (396) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202009" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">September 2020 (382) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202008" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">August 2020 (392) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202007" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">July 2020 (417) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202006" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">June 2020 (434) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202005" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">May 2020 (404) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202004" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">April 2020 (413) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202003" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">March 2020 (416) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202002" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">February 2020 (320) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/202001" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">January 2020 (366) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201912" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">December 2019 (322) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201911" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">November 2019 (282) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201910" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">October 2019 (365) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201909" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">September 2019 (293) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201908" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">August 2019 (301) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201907" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">July 2019 (303) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201906" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">June 2019 (300) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201905" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">May 2019 (320) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201904" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">April 2019 (324) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201903" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">March 2019 (323) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201902" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">February 2019 (296) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201901" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">January 2019 (331) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201812" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">December 2018 (289) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201811" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">November 2018 (296) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201810" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">October 2018 (329) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201809" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">September 2018 (272) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201808" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">August 2018 (286) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201807" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">July 2018 (277) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201806" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">June 2018 (284) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201805" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">May 2018 (304) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201804" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">April 2018 (267) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201803" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">March 2018 (283) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201802" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">February 2018 (292) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201801" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">January 2018 (301) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201712" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">December 2017 (304) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201711" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">November 2017 (285) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201710" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">October 2017 (318) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201709" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">September 2017 (280) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201708" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">August 2017 (284) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201707" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">July 2017 (283) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201706" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">June 2017 (285) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201705" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">May 2017 (324) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201704" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">April 2017 (286) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201703" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">March 2017 (331) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201702" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">February 2017 (285) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201701" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">January 2017 (299) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201612" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">December 2016 (302) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201611" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">November 2016 (303) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201610" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">October 2016 (281) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201609" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">September 2016 (284) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201608" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">August 2016 (322) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201607" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">July 2016 (281) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201606" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">June 2016 (299) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201605" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">May 2016 (288) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201604" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">April 2016 (296) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201603" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">March 2016 (280) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201602" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">February 2016 (269) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201601" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">January 2016 (264) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201512" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">December 2015 (263) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201511" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">November 2015 (247) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201510" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">October 2015 (301) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201509" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">September 2015 (274) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201508" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">August 2015 (281) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201507" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">July 2015 (331) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201506" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">June 2015 (274) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201505" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">May 2015 (258) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201504" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">April 2015 (287) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201503" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">March 2015 (324) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201502" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">February 2015 (272) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201501" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">January 2015 (289) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201412" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">December 2014 (298) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201411" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">November 2014 (289) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201410" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">October 2014 (329) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201409" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">September 2014 (309) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201408" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">August 2014 (357) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201407" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">July 2014 (414) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201406" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">June 2014 (333) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201405" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">May 2014 (331) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201404" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">April 2014 (324) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201403" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">March 2014 (356) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201402" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">February 2014 (305) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201401" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">January 2014 (329) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201312" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">December 2013 (290) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201311" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">November 2013 (320) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201310" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">October 2013 (338) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201309" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">September 2013 (362) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201308" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">August 2013 (351) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201307" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">July 2013 (380) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201306" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">June 2013 (363) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201305" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">May 2013 (407) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201304" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">April 2013 (406) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201303" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">March 2013 (373) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201302" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">February 2013 (330) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201301" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">January 2013 (312) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201212" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">December 2012 (151) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201211" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">November 2012 (61) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201210" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">October 2012 (58) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201209" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">September 2012 (63) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201208" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">August 2012 (43) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201207" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">July 2012 (47) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201206" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">June 2012 (58) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201205" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">May 2012 (45) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201204" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">April 2012 (33) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201203" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">March 2012 (19) </a> </li> <li class="section-title-small"> <a href="/archives/201202" class="button button--tertiary" class="section-title-small__link">February 2012 (17) </a> </li> </ul> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </div> </main> </div> <footer class="footer"> <div class="footer__inner"> <div class="footer__top"> <div class="footer__footer_logo"> <a class="link" href="" > <img class="logo__image" src="/themes/custom/alm/images/logo.svg" alt="Logo" /> </a> <h5 class="h5 h5--site-slogan"> The Middle East始s leading independent news source since 2012 </h5> </div> <div class="footer__footer_cta"> <a href="/pro/subscribe" class="button button--secondary button--medium">Subscribe Now</a> </div> </div> <div class="footer__middle"> <div class="footer__middle_first"> <ul class="stacked-menu"> <li class="item"> <span class="stacked-menu__link">Countries</span> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/turkey" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/21">Turkey</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/saudi-arabia" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/11">Saudi Arabia</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/iran" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/35">Iran</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/united-arab-emirates" title="United Arab Amirates" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/7">UAE</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/israel" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/17">Israel</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/palestine" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/20">Palestine</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/egypt" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/19">Egypt</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/qatar" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/9">Qatar</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/lebanon" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/18">Lebanon</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/syria" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/15">Syria</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer__middle_second"> <ul class="stacked-menu"> <li class="item"> <a href="/iraq" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/16">Iraq</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/jordan" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/22">Jordan</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/oman" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/12">Oman</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/bahrain" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/8">Bahrain</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/kuwait" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/13">Kuwait</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/yemen" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/6">Yemen</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/libya" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/28">Libya</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/sudan" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/32">Sudan</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/tunisia" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/24">Tunisia</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/morocco" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/25">Morocco</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/algeria" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/26">Algeria</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer__middle_third"> <ul class="stacked-menu"> <li class="item"> <span class="stacked-menu__link">Sectors</span> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/politics-security" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/8960">Politics & Security</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/economy-business" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/8963">Economy & Business</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/technology" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/8962">Technology</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/culture" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="taxonomy/term/8961">Culture</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/archives" class="stacked-menu__link stacked-menu__link--active is-active" data-drupal-link-system-path="archives" aria-current="page">Our Archive</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer__middle_fourth"> <ul class="stacked-menu"> <li class="item"> <span class="stacked-menu__link">Terms of Use</span> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/visitor-agreement" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/29646">Visitor Agreement</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/privacy" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/29647">Privacy Policy</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/submission-guidelines" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/29648">Submissions and Discussions Policy</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer__middle_fifth"> <ul class="stacked-menu"> <li class="item"> <span class="stacked-menu__link">About Us</span> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/about" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/29649">Who We Are</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/authors" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="authors">Journalists</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/about#team" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/29649">Team</a> </li> <li class="item"> <a href="/about#opportunities" class="stacked-menu__link" data-drupal-link-system-path="node/29649">Careers</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer__middle_sixth"> <div class="cta cta--mini cta--daily cta--simple"> <h2 class="heading h5"> Sign up to our Daily Briefing </h2> <p class="paragraph subtitle--s"> Keep up with Al-Monitor's top stories with a morning digest from across the region. </p> <div class="subscribeForm"> <form class="sign-up-form-1" target="_top" data-drupal-selector="sign-up-form-1" action="/archives" method="post" id="sign-up-form-1" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-newsletter" type="hidden" name="newsletter" value="87e882df3ec4271bd20cb5064eb1ced3" class="form-item__textfield" /> <div class="js-form-item form-item"> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-email" type="email" id="edit-email" name="email" value="" size="30" maxlength="254" placeholder="Email Address" class="form-email required form-item__textfield" required="required" aria-required="true" /> </div> <button class="button--alt newsletter__submit button js-form-submit form-submit" data-submit-button-image-swap="" data-drupal-selector="edit-submit" data-disable-refocus="true" type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Sign Up"> <span class="icon"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path d="M13.75 6.75L19.25 12L13.75 17.25" stroke="white" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"/> <path d="M19 12H4.75" stroke="white" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round"/> </svg> </span> <span class="text u-visually-hidden"> Sign Up </span> </button> <input autocomplete="off" data-drupal-selector="form-ua0m1echluo40wiio2vakl1myqnwdepvty8ag4ucyt4" type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-UA0m1EChluO40wIIo2vAkL1mYqnWDepVTY8ag4UCyt4" class="form-item__textfield" /> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-sign-up-form-1" type="hidden" name="form_id" value="sign_up_form_1" class="form-item__textfield" /> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer__bottom_above"> <p>For subscription inquiries, please contact <a href='mailto:subscription.support@al-monitor.com'>subscription.support@al-monitor.com</a>.</p> <p>For all other inquiries, please use <a href="mailto:contactus@al-monitor.com">contactus@al-monitor.com</a>.</p> </div> <div class="footer__bottom"> <h5 class="h5 h5--copyright"> 2024 Al-Monitor, LLC. All rights reserved. </h5> <ul class="social-menu"> </ul> </div> </div> </footer> </div> </div> <script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.dataLayer.push({"language":"en","drupalCountry":null,"siteName":"AL-Monitor","userUid":0});</script> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"archives","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"eJx1jmFOxTAMgy9U1iNN2ertBdoGJelj5fT0FQFCiD_WZ8uRQ7lEahdnJu1PBbUFGtEh1W3SmWWjPPEGStCJXB26S5mmENef02bQT7fBR2vF9SqGtB6ch7Ux57Ja2wr7f5UTFTpW9xckdtGV9l00sdT4Tcuh40nUFBI5ZerQuOFGdxa1kOm9x4cE6-YocSNDcCFzPnr8gr_JUmBGJyzcGW8Wpy70TNevoEhqGR-5P3wh","theme":"alm","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":{"form_action_p_pvdeGsVG5zNF_XLGPTvYSKCf43t8qZYSwcfZl2uzM":true,"\/archives?ajax_form=1":true,"\/search":true},"dataLayer":{"defaultLang":"en","languages":{"en":{"id":"en","name":"English","direction":"ltr","weight":0},"ar":{"id":"ar","name":"Arabic","direction":"rtl","weight":1},"he":{"id":"he","name":"Hebrew","direction":"rtl","weight":2},"ru":{"id":"ru","name":"Russian","direction":"ltr","weight":3},"tr":{"id":"tr","name":"Turkish","direction":"ltr","weight":4},"fr":{"id":"fr","name":"French","direction":"ltr","weight":5},"fa":{"id":"fa","name":"Persian, Farsi","direction":"rtl","weight":6},"zh-hans":{"id":"zh-hans","name":"\u7b80\u4f53\u4e2d\u6587","direction":"ltr","weight":7},"es":{"id":"es","name":"Spanish","direction":"ltr","weight":8}}},"lazy":{"lazysizes":{"lazyClass":"lazyload","loadedClass":"lazyloaded","loadingClass":"lazyloading","preloadClass":"lazypreload","errorClass":"lazyerror","autosizesClass":"lazyautosizes","srcAttr":"data-src","srcsetAttr":"data-srcset","sizesAttr":"data-sizes","minSize":40,"customMedia":[],"init":true,"expFactor":1.5,"hFac":0.8,"loadMode":0,"loadHidden":true,"ricTimeout":0,"throttleDelay":125,"plugins":[]},"placeholderSrc":"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==","preferNative":true,"minified":true,"libraryPath":"\/libraries\/lazysizes"},"multiselect":{"widths":250},"toastify":{"settings":{"_core":{"default_config_hash":"QqSCnLWYoPn-n5CrYe9lifTgt4UX_sGp-6xVa9g5r1c"},"status":{"duration":5000,"color":"#67b99a","color2":"#14746f","colorProgressBar":"#0d514d","direction":"to right","gravity":"top","position":"right","close":false,"offsetX":0,"offsetY":0},"warning":{"duration":5000,"color":"#ffaa00","color2":"#ff6d00","colorProgressBar":"#b24c00","direction":"to right","gravity":"top","position":"right","close":false,"offsetX":0,"offsetY":0},"error":{"duration":5000,"color":"#e01e37","color2":"#a71e34","colorProgressBar":"#741424","direction":"to right","gravity":"top","position":"right","close":false,"offsetX":0,"offsetY":0},"enable_for":{"admin_theme":false,"frontend_theme":true}}},"ckeditorAccordion":{"accordionStyle":{"collapseAll":1,"keepRowsOpen":0,"animateAccordionOpenAndClose":1,"openTabsWithHash":0}},"ajax":{"edit-submit":{"callback":"::promptCallback","wrapper":"sign-up-form-1","disable-refocus":true,"event":"mousedown","keypress":true,"prevent":"click","url":"\/archives?ajax_form=1","httpMethod":"POST","dialogType":"ajax","submit":{"_triggering_element_name":"op","_triggering_element_value":"Sign Up"}}},"views":{"ajax_path":"\/views\/ajax","ajaxViews":{"views_dom_id:65eb998a211151613e6711f4bcb2b38f867dc07cf182bbf51af03010e2d2060a":{"view_name":"archive","view_display_id":"page_1","view_args":"","view_path":"\/archives","view_base_path":"archives","view_dom_id":"65eb998a211151613e6711f4bcb2b38f867dc07cf182bbf51af03010e2d2060a","pager_element":0}}},"better_exposed_filters":{"autosubmit_exclude_textfield":true},"user":{"email":null,"fullName":null,"created":"1614634374","uid":0,"permissionsHash":"64d4f55efdf3bdc0a23593105f8c0894509c332221e1fb0d1557e87c7039084b"},"chargebee":{"siteID":"al-monitor","publishableApiKey":"live_W8gcufvpOvNPnsp446ld8MOJ08WAd5cdO7","domain":"al-monitor.chargebee.com"}}</script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_JXzWmrpr1EIBDHn_zxATiry8uced18jH39JAu_RVbKs.js?scope=footer&delta=0&language=en&theme=alm&include=eJx1jlEOwjAMQy9U1iNNXpttgbZBSTc2Tk8ZAj4QP9az5chByh7Lxomh-ylTWRxaNCUZkA6cCZH0QC6VNEg-TAaX78FipC83UG2tnrarGMV-5NSstZEqvS1D5vqvMlEhbavhQpGraI8QRCNL8R_qRpX2RYkuoiJhJ_UDzVhZ1FzCffdPcVVglcfdv-E36TKZYSJzK9PN_KEdztgeTBFsXA"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/ckeditor_accordion/js/accordion.frontend.min.js?srqsky"></script> <script src="/sites/default/files/js/js_Rllk0XGVYO4lwwbuzeWK_BjAE83F7pKF6LiBpj1jkU4.js?scope=footer&delta=2&language=en&theme=alm&include=eJx1jlEOwjAMQy9U1iNNXpttgbZBSTc2Tk8ZAj4QP9az5chByh7Lxomh-ylTWRxaNCUZkA6cCZH0QC6VNEg-TAaX78FipC83UG2tnrarGMV-5NSstZEqvS1D5vqvMlEhbavhQpGraI8QRCNL8R_qRpX2RYkuoiJhJ_UDzVhZ1FzCffdPcVVglcfdv-E36TKZYSJzK9PN_KEdztgeTBFsXA"></script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Monthly archive - AL-Monitor: The Middle East始s leading independent news source since 2012