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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Members_composition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Members_composition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Members composition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Members_composition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Council_and_committees" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Council_and_committees"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Council and committees</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Council_and_committees-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Human_Rights_Commission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Human_Rights_Commission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>National Human Rights Commission</span> </div> </a> <ul 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href="#Impeachment_procedure_and_notable_cases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Impeachment procedure and notable cases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Impeachment_procedure_and_notable_cases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Constitutional_theory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Constitutional_theory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Constitutional theory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Constitutional_theory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Establishment_and_relocation_to_Taiwan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Establishment_and_relocation_to_Taiwan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Establishment and relocation to Taiwan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Establishment_and_relocation_to_Taiwan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Democratization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Democratization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Democratization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Democratization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elections_and_terms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elections_and_terms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Elections and terms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elections_and_terms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-President_and_Vice_President_of_the_Control_Yuan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#President_and_Vice_President_of_the_Control_Yuan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>President and Vice President of the Control Yuan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-President_and_Vice_President_of_the_Control_Yuan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle President and Vice President of the Control Yuan subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-President_and_Vice_President_of_the_Control_Yuan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Before_the_1947_Constitution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Before_the_1947_Constitution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Before the 1947 Constitution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Before_the_1947_Constitution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1947_Constitution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1947_Constitution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>1947 Constitution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1947_Constitution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1992_Constitution_amendment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1992_Constitution_amendment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>1992 Constitution amendment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1992_Constitution_amendment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comparable_agencies_in_other_countries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comparable_agencies_in_other_countries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Comparable agencies in other countries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comparable_agencies_in_other_countries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kontroll-Yuan" title="Kontroll-Yuan – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kontroll-Yuan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_de_Control" title="Yuan de Control – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Yuan de Control" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_de_contr%C3%B4le" title="Yuan de contrôle – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Yuan de contrôle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A4%91%ED%99%94%EB%AF%BC%EA%B5%AD_%EA%B0%90%EC%B0%B0%EC%9B%90" title="중화민국 감찰원 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="중화민국 감찰원" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_di_controllo" title="Yuan di controllo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Yuan di controllo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%A3%E5%AF%9F%E9%99%A2" title="監察院 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="監察院" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yuan_de_Controle" title="Yuan de Controle – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Yuan de Controle" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%98%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Контролни јуан – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Контролни јуан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valvonta-Yuan" title="Valvonta-Yuan – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Valvonta-Yuan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8E%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Аудиторський юань – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аудиторський юань" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%C3%A1m_s%C3%A1t_vi%E1%BB%87n" title="Giám sát viện – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Giám sát viện" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%91%E5%AF%9F%E9%99%A2" title="监察院 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="监察院" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%A3%E5%AF%9F%E9%99%A2" title="監察院 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="監察院" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%A3%E5%AF%9F%E9%99%A2" title="監察院 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="監察院" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q702839#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Investigative agency of the Republic of China government</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size: 125%;">Control Yuan</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW">監察院</span></span><br />Jiānchá Yuàn (<a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Mandarin" title="Taiwanese Mandarin">Mandarin</a>)<br />Kàm-tshat Īnn (<a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" title="Taiwanese Hokkien">Taiwanese</a>)<br />Kam-chhat Yen (<a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Hakka" title="Taiwanese Hakka">Hakka</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Control_Yuan_(2021).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Emblem_of_Control_Yuan_%282021%29.svg/200px-Emblem_of_Control_Yuan_%282021%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Emblem_of_Control_Yuan_%282021%29.svg/300px-Emblem_of_Control_Yuan_%282021%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Emblem_of_Control_Yuan_%282021%29.svg/400px-Emblem_of_Control_Yuan_%282021%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="205" data-file-height="207" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Emblem of the Control Yuan</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Agency overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>16 February 1928<span class="noprint">; 96 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1928-02-16</span>)</span><br />(pre-constitution)</li><li>4 June 1948<span class="noprint">; 76 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1948-06-04</span>)</span><br />(<a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">1947 Constitution</a>)</li><li>1 February 1993<span class="noprint">; 31 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1993-02-01</span>)</span><br />(<a href="/wiki/Additional_Articles_of_the_Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China">1992 Constitution amendment</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Preceding agency</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Auditing Yuan</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Jurisdiction</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Parliamentary institution suspended since 1993</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zhongzheng_District" title="Zhongzheng District">Zhongzheng District</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agency executives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Chen_Chu" title="Chen Chu">Chen Chu</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Control_Yuan" title="List of presidents of the Control Yuan">President of the Control Yuan</a></li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Lee_Hung-chun" title="Lee Hung-chun">Lee Hung-chun</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_Control_Yuan" title="List of vice presidents of the Control Yuan">Vice President of the Control Yuan</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Key document</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Additional_Articles_of_the_Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China">Additional Articles</a> and the original <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution of the Republic of China</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cy.gov.tw/EN/">www.cy.gov.tw</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%; border-top: 2px solid #00008B; border-bottom: 2px solid #00008B"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org">Control Yuan</div> <br /><div style="display:inline" class="nickname"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW">監察院</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #00008B; border-bottom: 2px solid #00008B">Type</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.3em;"><div style="display:inline" class="category"><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Republic_of_China)" title="National Assembly (Republic of China)">Upper house</a></div> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #00008B; border-bottom: 2px solid #00008B">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">4 June 1948<span class="noprint">; 76 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1948-06-04</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Disbanded</th><td class="infobox-data">1 February 1993<span class="noprint">; 31 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend">1993-02-01</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #00008B; border-bottom: 2px solid #00008B">Structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Seats</th><td class="infobox-data">178</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Length of term</div></th><td class="infobox-data">6 years</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Authority</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution of the Republic of China</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #00008B; border-bottom: 2px solid #00008B">Elections</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Electoral_system" title="Electoral system">Voting system</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Indirect_election" title="Indirect election">Indirect election</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #00008B; border-bottom: 2px solid #00008B">Meeting place</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Former_Legislative_Yuan_%26_Control_Yuan_in_Nanjing_2011-10.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Former_Legislative_Yuan_%26_Control_Yuan_in_Nanjing_2011-10.JPG/300px-Former_Legislative_Yuan_%26_Control_Yuan_in_Nanjing_2011-10.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Former_Legislative_Yuan_%26_Control_Yuan_in_Nanjing_2011-10.JPG/450px-Former_Legislative_Yuan_%26_Control_Yuan_in_Nanjing_2011-10.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Former_Legislative_Yuan_%26_Control_Yuan_in_Nanjing_2011-10.JPG/600px-Former_Legislative_Yuan_%26_Control_Yuan_in_Nanjing_2011-10.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data label">Control Yuan Building, <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanking</a> (1948-1950)<br />Control Yuan Building, <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province" title="Taiwan Province">Taiwan</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-top: 2px solid #00008B; border-bottom: 2px solid #00008B">Constitution</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution of the Republic of China</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Control Yuan</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;">監察院</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;">监察院</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Jiānchá Yuàn</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">ㄐㄧㄢㄔㄚˊ ㄩㄢˋ</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Spelling_in_Gwoyeu_Romatzyh" title="Spelling in Gwoyeu Romatzyh">Gwoyeu Romatzyh</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Jianchar Yuann</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Chien<sup>1</sup>-ch'a<sup>2</sup> Yüan<sup>4</sup></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tongyong_Pinyin" title="Tongyong Pinyin">Tongyong Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Jianchá Yuàn</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Phonetic_Symbols_II" title="Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II">MPS2</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Jiānchá Yuàn</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Hakka_Chinese" title="Hakka Chinese">Hakka</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Guangdong_Romanization#Hakka" title="Guangdong Romanization">Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Hakka-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="hak-Latn">Kam-chhat Yen</span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Min" title="Southern Min">Southern Min</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hokkien" title="Hokkien">Hokkien</a> <a href="/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" title="Pe̍h-ōe-jī">POJ</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Kàm-chhat Iⁿ</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Romanization_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese Romanization System">Tâi-lô</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Kàm-tshat Īnn</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Taiwan" title="Politics of Taiwan">Politics of Taiwan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/115px-National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="115" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/173px-National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/230px-National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Government of the Republic of China">Government</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution of the Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Additional_Articles_of_the_Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China">Additional Articles of the Constitution</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Taiwan" title="Law of Taiwan">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Taiwan" title="Taxation in Taiwan">Taxation</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Presidency</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ROC_Office_of_the_President_Emblem.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/ROC_Office_of_the_President_Emblem.svg/30px-ROC_Office_of_the_President_Emblem.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/ROC_Office_of_the_President_Emblem.svg/45px-ROC_Office_of_the_President_Emblem.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/ROC_Office_of_the_President_Emblem.svg/60px-ROC_Office_of_the_President_Emblem.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="237" /></a></span> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President of the Republic of China</a></b><br /></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Lai_Ching-te" title="Lai Ching-te">Lai Ching-te</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Democratic Progressive Party">DPP</a>) </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Vice President of the Republic of China">Vice President of the Republic of China</a></b><br /></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Hsiao_Bi-khim" title="Hsiao Bi-khim">Hsiao Bi-khim</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Democratic Progressive Party">DPP</a>) </p> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_(Taiwan)" title="Office of the President (Taiwan)">Office of the President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Council_(Taiwan)" title="National Security Council (Taiwan)">National Security Council</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Executive_Yuan" title="Executive Yuan">Executive</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><b><a href="/wiki/Executive_Yuan" title="Executive Yuan">Executive Yuan</a></b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Premier of the Republic of China">Premier</a></b><br /></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Cho_Jung-tai" title="Cho Jung-tai">Cho Jung-tai</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Democratic Progressive Party">DPP</a>) </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Vice_Premier_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Vice Premier of the Republic of China">Vice Premier</a></b><br /></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Cheng_Li-chun" title="Cheng Li-chun">Cheng Li-chun</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Democratic Progressive Party">DPP</a>)</div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislature</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><b><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a></b> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:11th_Legislative_Yuan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/11th_Legislative_Yuan.svg/80px-11th_Legislative_Yuan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/11th_Legislative_Yuan.svg/120px-11th_Legislative_Yuan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/11th_Legislative_Yuan.svg/160px-11th_Legislative_Yuan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="185" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/11th_Legislative_Yuan" title="11th Legislative Yuan">11th Legislative Yuan</a> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Legislative_Yuan" title="President of the Legislative Yuan">President of the Legislative Yuan</a></b><br /></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Han_Kuo-yu" title="Han Kuo-yu">Han Kuo-yu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">KMT</a>) </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Legislative_Yuan" title="Vice President of the Legislative Yuan">Vice President of the Legislative Yuan</a></b><br /></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Chiang" title="Johnny Chiang">Johnny Chiang</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">KMT</a>)</div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><b><a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judicial Yuan</a></b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Judicial_Yuan" title="List of presidents of the Judicial Yuan">President of the Judicial Yuan and Chief Justice</a></b><br /></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Shieh_Ming-yan" title="Shieh Ming-yan">Shieh Ming-yan</a> <i>acting</i> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_Judicial_Yuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of vice presidents of the Judicial Yuan (page does not exist)">Vice President of the Judicial Yuan</a></b><br /></li></ul> <p><i>Vacant</i> </p> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Supreme Court of the Republic of China">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Court_(Taiwan)" class="mw-redirect" title="High Court (Taiwan)">High Courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/District_Courts_(Taiwan)" class="mw-redirect" title="District Courts (Taiwan)">District Courts</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China#Organizational_structure" title="Government of the Republic of China">Other branches</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><b><a href="/wiki/Examination_Yuan" title="Examination Yuan">Examination Yuan</a></b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_Examination_Yuan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of the Examination Yuan">President of the Examination Yuan</a></b><br /></li></ul> <p><i>Vacant</i> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_Examination_Yuan" title="List of vice presidents of the Examination Yuan">Vice President of the Examination Yuan</a></b><br /></li></ul> <p><i>Vacant</i> </p> <hr /> <p><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Control Yuan</a></b> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_Control_Yuan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of the Control Yuan">President of the Control Yuan</a></b><br /></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Chen_Chu" title="Chen Chu">Chen Chu</a> </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_Control_Yuan" title="List of vice presidents of the Control Yuan">Vice President of the Control Yuan</a></b><br /></li></ul> <p>Lee Hung-chun </p> <hr /> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Taiwan" title="Administrative divisions of Taiwan">Local government</a></b><br /> </p> <a href="/wiki/List_of_magistrates_and_mayors_in_Taiwan" title="List of magistrates and mayors in Taiwan">Mayors and Magistrates</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Taiwan" title="Elections in Taiwan">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ROC_Central_Election_Commission_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/ROC_Central_Election_Commission_Logo.svg/30px-ROC_Central_Election_Commission_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/ROC_Central_Election_Commission_Logo.svg/45px-ROC_Central_Election_Commission_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/ROC_Central_Election_Commission_Logo.svg/60px-ROC_Central_Election_Commission_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="211" /></a></span> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Central_Election_Commission_(Taiwan)" title="Central Election Commission (Taiwan)">Central Election Commission</a></b> </p> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_elections_in_Taiwan" title="Presidential elections in Taiwan">Presidential elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_elections_in_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislative elections in Taiwan">Legislative elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_elections_in_Taiwan" title="Local elections in Taiwan">Local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_Taiwan" title="Referendums in Taiwan">Referendums</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Taiwan" title="List of political parties in Taiwan">Political parties</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><b>Represented in the Legislative Yuan</b><br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Democratic Progressive Party">Democratic Progressive Party</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_People%27s_Party" title="Taiwan People's Party">Taiwan People's Party</a> </p> <hr /> <p><b>Others</b><br /> <a href="/wiki/New_Power_Party" title="New Power Party">New Power Party</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Statebuilding_Party" title="Taiwan Statebuilding Party">Taiwan Statebuilding Party</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/People_First_Party_(Taiwan)" title="People First Party (Taiwan)">People First Party</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Solidarity_Union" title="Taiwan Solidarity Union">Taiwan Solidarity Union</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/New_Party_(Taiwan)" title="New Party (Taiwan)">New Party</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Non-Partisan_Solidarity_Union" title="Non-Partisan Solidarity Union">Non-Partisan Solidarity Union</a><br /> </p> <a href="/wiki/Green_Party_Taiwan" title="Green Party Taiwan">Green Party Taiwan</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Taiwan" title="Mass media in Taiwan">Mass media</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><b><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Taiwan" title="Television in Taiwan">Television</a></b><br /> <p><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Taiwan" title="List of newspapers in Taiwan">Newspapers</a></b><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/United_Daily_News" title="United Daily News">United Daily News</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Times" title="Liberty Times">Liberty Times</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/China_Times" title="China Times">China Times</a></i><br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Taipei_Times" title="Taipei Times">Taipei Times</a></i> </p> <hr /> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_the_Republic_of_China" title="Propaganda in the Republic of China">Propaganda</a></b><br /> <b><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Taiwan" title="Censorship in Taiwan">Censorship</a></b><br /> <a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Taiwan#Film_censorship" title="Cinema of Taiwan">Film censorship</a><br /> </p> <a href="/wiki/White_Terror_(Taiwan)" title="White Terror (Taiwan)">White Terror</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan" title="Foreign relations of Taiwan">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><b><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Taiwan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Taiwan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></b> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Republic_of_China)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Republic of China)">Foreign Minister</a></b><br /></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Lin_Chia-lung" title="Lin Chia-lung">Lin Chia-lung</a> </p> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-Strait relations">Cross-Strait relations</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Special_state-to-state_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Special state-to-state relations">Special state-to-state relations</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/One_Country_on_Each_Side" title="One Country on Each Side">One Country on Each Side</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/1992_Consensus" title="1992 Consensus">1992 Consensus</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_consensus" title="Taiwan consensus">Taiwan consensus</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Chinese Taipei</a><br /> </p> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Australia–Taiwan relations">Australia–Taiwan relations</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Canada–Taiwan relations">Canada–Taiwan relations</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="France–Taiwan relations">France–Taiwan relations</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Russia–Taiwan relations">Russia–Taiwan relations</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Taiwan–United Kingdom relations">Taiwan–United Kingdom relations</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Taiwan–United States relations">Taiwan–United States relations</a><br /> </p> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_and_the_World_Health_Organization" title="Taiwan and the World Health Organization">Taiwan and the World Health Organization</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:center; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><b><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan" title="Political status of Taiwan">Political status of Taiwan</a></b><br /> <p><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">Republic of China (1912–1949)</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/One-China_policy" class="mw-redirect" title="One-China policy">One-China policy</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/China_and_the_United_Nations" title="China and the United Nations">China and the United Nations</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Chinese_unification" title="Chinese unification">Chinese unification</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_independence_movement" title="Taiwan independence movement">Taiwan independence movement</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_nationalism" title="Taiwanese nationalism">Taiwanese nationalism</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Tangwai_movement" title="Tangwai movement">Tangwai movement</a><br /> </p> <a href="/wiki/Third_Taiwan_Strait_Crisis" title="Third Taiwan Strait Crisis">Third Taiwan Strait Crisis</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Taiwan" title="Portal:Taiwan">Taiwan portal</a> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Taiwan" title="Template:Politics of Taiwan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Taiwan" title="Template talk:Politics of Taiwan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Taiwan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Taiwan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Control Yuan</b> is the supervisory and <a href="/wiki/Government_performance_auditing" title="Government performance auditing">auditory</a> <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers" title="Separation of powers">branch</a> of the government of the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China</a>, both during its time in <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">mainland China</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Designed as a hybrid of <a href="/wiki/Auditor" title="Auditor">auditor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman">ombudsman</a> by <a href="/wiki/Law_of_Taiwan" title="Law of Taiwan">Taiwanese law</a>, the Control Yuan holds the following powers:<sup id="cite_ref-Additional_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Additional-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Impeachment" title="Impeachment">Impeachment</a></i>: The Control Yuan has the power to impeach government officials. Successfully impeached cases then go to the Disciplinary Court of the <a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judicial Yuan</a> for adjudication.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Impeachment of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Vice President of the Republic of China">Vice President of the Republic</a> follows a different procedure and does not go through the Control Yuan.</li> <li><i>Censure</i>: The Control Yuan also has the power to censure a government official. The censure is sent to the official's superior officer.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Government_performance_auditing" title="Government performance auditing">Audit</a></i>: The <a href="/wiki/Executive_Yuan" title="Executive Yuan">Executive Yuan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cabinet_(government)" title="Cabinet (government)">cabinet</a>) presents the annual budget to the Control Yuan each year for audit.</li> <li><i>Corrective Measures</i>: The Control Yuan, after investigating the work and facilities of the Executive Yuan and its subordinate organs, may propose corrective measures to the Executive Yuan or its subordinate organs for improvement after these measures are examined and approved by the relevant committees.</li></ul> <p>According to the current <a href="/wiki/Additional_Articles_of_the_Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution</a>, the Control Yuan shall consist of 29 members. One member shall be the <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Control_Yuan" title="List of presidents of the Control Yuan">President</a> of the Control Yuan, and another shall be the <a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_Control_Yuan" title="List of vice presidents of the Control Yuan">Vice President</a>. All members, including the President and Vice President of Control Yuan, shall be nominated by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="President of Taiwan">President of Taiwan</a> and approved by <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> (the parliament of <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>). Members serve with a term limit of six years. </p><p>Prior to constitutional reforms in the 1990s, the Control Yuan, along with <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Republic_of_China)" title="National Assembly (Republic of China)">National Assembly</a> (electoral college) and the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> (lower house) formed the national <a href="/wiki/Tricameralism" title="Tricameralism">tricameral</a> parliament. It functioned similarly to an <a href="/wiki/Upper_house" title="Upper house">upper house</a> of a bicameral legislature, though it formed its own separate branch and was indirectly elected by provincial or municipal legislatures with 178 senators elected.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Members_composition">Members composition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Members composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Control Yuan consists of a council with 29 members, including a <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Control_Yuan" title="List of presidents of the Control Yuan">President</a> and a <a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_Control_Yuan" title="List of vice presidents of the Control Yuan">Vice President</a> and the National Audit Office. All 29 members and the <a href="/wiki/Comptroller" title="Comptroller">auditor-general</a> are nominated by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President of the Republic</a> and approved by <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> for 6-year terms. The incumbent 6th Control Yuan was nominated by <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a> on June 22, 2020 <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and later confirmed by <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> on July 17, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Members inaugurated on August 1, 2020, and their terms expire on July 31, 2026. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="350"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_Control_Yuan" title="List of presidents of the Control Yuan">President</a></th> <th width="350"><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_Control_Yuan" title="List of vice presidents of the Control Yuan">Vice President</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chen_Chu" title="Chen Chu">Chen Chu</a></td> <td><i>Post Vacant</i> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Members </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td><b><a href="/wiki/National_Human_Rights_Commission_(Taiwan)" title="National Human Rights Commission (Taiwan)">National Human Rights Commission</a> members</b></td> <td><b>Other members</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>9 members</td> <td>17 members, <i>1 seat vacant</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Council_and_committees">Council and committees</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Council and committees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The council of the Yuan, chaired by the Yuan President, is divided into a number of committees to exercise the Yuan's supervision power. No member of the Control Yuan can hold another public office or profession while serving in the branch (according to Article 103 of the constitution), and members must be able to perform absent of partisan control or influence. Members can vote in no more than three committees and can join additional committees as non-voting members. Each committee can have up to 14 members and usually elects a convenor amongst themselves to chair committee meetings. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Standing committees</th> <th>Special committees </th></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li>Domestic and Ethnic Affairs</li> <li>Foreign and Overseas Chinese Affairs</li> <li>National Defense and Intelligence Affairs</li> <li>Finance and Economic Affairs</li> <li>Education and Cultural Affairs</li> <li>Transportation and Procurement Affairs</li> <li>Judicial and Prison Administration Affairs</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li>Committee on Statutory Studies</li> <li>Committee on Consultation</li> <li>Committee on Discipline for Control Yuan Members</li> <li>Committee on Anti-Corruption</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The following responsibilities were also assigned by various acts. </p> <ul><li>Anti-Corruption: The Anti-Corruption Committee is a seven-member committee, which cannot include the President of Vice President of the Control Yuan, which deals with asset declarations by government officials, recusals due to conflict of interest, and political donations.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Examination Invigilation: The Control Yuan also appoints proctors to supervise examinations for civil servants.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_Human_Rights_Commission">National Human Rights Commission</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: National Human Rights Commission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/National_Human_Rights_Commission_(Taiwan)" title="National Human Rights Commission (Taiwan)">National Human Rights Commission (Taiwan)</a></div> <p>The National Human Rights Committee is a ten-member committee under the Control Yuan which investigates human rights abuses, proposes human rights laws, compiles an annual report and promotes human rights education. The President of the Control Yuan must be a member of the committee. The committee was established by the National Human Rights Committee Organic Law on 10 December 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-hr_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hr-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administrative_Appeal_Committee">Administrative Appeal Committee</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Administrative Appeal Committee"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An Administrative Appeal Committee, operated under the aegis of the Control Yuan but consisting of both members and non-members of the Control Yuan, considers administrative appeals which are inappropriate to both the Control Yuan proper and the Ministry of Audit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_Audit_Office">National Audit Office</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: National Audit Office"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The National Audit Office is headed by an <a href="/wiki/Comptroller" title="Comptroller">auditor-general</a> who is nominated by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President of the Republic</a> and appointed with consent of <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> (parliament), exercises the Control Yuan's power of audit. It consists of five departments: </p> <ul><li>General public affairs audit department</li> <li>National defense expenditures audit department</li> <li>Special public affairs audit department</li> <li>State-run corporations and government-owned businesses audit department</li> <li>Financial affairs audit department (also in charge of supervising local government audits)</li></ul> <p>In addition, most local governments have established the Audit Divisions/Offices, these serve as the subordinate agencies of the National Audit Office. Currently, 21 local governments of the 22 <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Taiwan" title="Administrative divisions of Taiwan">administrative divisions of Taiwan</a> have Audit Divisions/Offices (except <a href="/wiki/Matsu_Islands" title="Matsu Islands">Lienchiang County</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Impeachment_procedure_and_notable_cases">Impeachment procedure and notable cases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Impeachment procedure and notable cases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Control Yuan is responsible to investigate possible violations on <a href="/wiki/Law_of_Taiwan" title="Law of Taiwan">laws and regulations</a> of <a href="/wiki/Civil_service" title="Civil service">public servants</a> and raise <a href="/wiki/Impeachment" title="Impeachment">impeachments</a> if needed. Investigations are initiated by at least two members, and investigation committees must consist of at least nine members of the Control Yuan. The impeachment cases would be determined by a majority vote by members of investigation committee. Successful impeachment cases will then be forwarded to the Disciplinary Court (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW">懲戒法院</span></span>) under the <a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judicial Yuan</a> for adjudication. However, the impeachment of the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President</a> or <a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Vice President of the Republic of China">Vice President</a> shall be initiated by <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> (parliament) and adjudicate by the Constitutional Court under the <a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judicial Yuan</a>. Details regarding impeachment proceedings are stipulated in the Enforcement Rules of the Control Act.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>On 19 February 2020, the Control Yuan impeached five military personnel which it deemed responsible for a F-16 Fighter aircraft crash on June 4, 2018, that killed all on board. The case was forwarded to the Public Functionary Disciplinary Sanction Commission in the <a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judicial Yuan</a> to determine the punishment.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 4 June 2019, Hsieh Kung-ping (謝公秉), a top aide of former <a href="/wiki/Hualien_County" title="Hualien County">Hualien County</a> commissioner <a href="/wiki/Fu_Kun-chi" title="Fu Kun-chi">Fu Kun-chi</a>, Lin Chin-hu (林金虎), a county government employee, and media section chief Huang Wei-jun (黃微鈞), were impeached for bribery using $5.26 million in public funds.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both were found guilty on 18 February 2020; Hsieh was given two demerits and fined $100,000 NTD, Lin was handed a 10% pay reduction for a year, and Huang was given one demerit and fined $100,000 NTD.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 15 January 2019, <a href="/wiki/Kuan_Chung-ming" title="Kuan Chung-ming">Kuan Chung-ming</a>, the president of <a href="/wiki/National_Taiwan_University" title="National Taiwan University">National Taiwan University</a>, was impeached for violating a law prohibiting public servants from working other jobs. The case was forwarded to the Public Functionary Disciplinary Sanction Commission in the <a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judicial Yuan</a> to determine whether he was guilty and the appropriate punishment.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kuan was found guilty on 2 September 2019 and officially reprimanded.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Constitutional_theory">Constitutional theory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Constitutional theory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Censorate" title="Censorate">Censorate</a></div> <p>The concept of Control Yuan was introduced by <a href="/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen" title="Sun Yat-sen">Sun Yat-sen</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Three_Principles_of_the_People" title="Three Principles of the People">Three Principles of the People</a></i>. The theory proposed a <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers" title="Separation of powers">separation of powers</a> into five branches (<span lang="zh-Hant">五院</span>; <i><span lang="zh-Latn">wǔyuàn</span></i>; <i><span lang="nan-Latn">gō͘-īⁿ</span></i>). <a href="/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen" title="Sun Yat-sen">Sun Yat-sen</a> demonstrated the benefit of separating the supervision and auditing power from the <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislature</a> by the designation of the state organs of the <a href="/wiki/History_of_China" title="History of China">Imperial China</a>. He quotes the long tradition of supervision used in past dynasties, ranging from the <i>Censor</i> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW">御史</span></span>) established by the <a href="/wiki/Qin_dynasty" title="Qin dynasty">Qin</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW">秦</span></span>) and <a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty" title="Han dynasty">Han</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW">漢</span></span>) dynasties to the <i>tái</i> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW">臺</span></span>) and <i>jiàn</i> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW">諫</span></span>) offices established under the <a href="/wiki/Sui_dynasty" title="Sui dynasty">Sui</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW">隋</span></span>) and <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW">唐</span></span>) dynasties (<i>tai</i> were selected to supervise civil officials and military officers, while <i>jian</i> were selected to counsel the emperor on supervisory matters) to the Board of Public Censors (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW">都察院</span></span>) selected under the <a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW">明</span></span>) and <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW">清</span></span>) dynasties. Most of these offices also operated local and provincial branches to supervise local governments. Under the <a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing dynasty</a>, the Board of Public Censors consisted of forty or fifty members, and two presidents, one of <a href="/wiki/Manchu" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchu">Manchu</a> ancestry and the other of <a href="/wiki/Han_Chinese" title="Han Chinese">Han Chinese</a> ancestry.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were, in theory, allowed to send one censor to participate in the meetings of all government boards. The Board's powers were minimized by the time of political flux which preceded the end of the Empire. </p><p>However, the 1947 <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution of the Republic of China</a> has many influences from the resolutions of the <a href="/wiki/Political_Consultative_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="Political Consultative Assembly">Political Consultative Assembly</a> held between the Chinese Nationalist Party (<a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a>. <a href="/wiki/Carsun_Chang" title="Carsun Chang">Carsun Chang</a>, the major author of the Constitution draft in the Political Consultative Assembly, considered the fact that the supervision and auditing power is traditionally held by the <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislature</a>, and also the proposal of <a href="/wiki/Federalism" title="Federalism">federalism</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Communist Party</a> in the drafting process. He designed the Control Yuan to be a <a href="/wiki/Legislative_chamber" title="Legislative chamber">chamber of parliament</a> that is <a href="/wiki/Indirect_election" title="Indirect election">indirectly elected</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_China" title="Provinces of China">provincial</a> legislatures of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">China</a>. The Control Yuan has some similarities to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a>, which allocated a similar number of seats to each <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_China" title="Provinces of China">province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">China</a> and holds the power to confirm many important public positions in the <a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judicial Yuan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Examination_Yuan" title="Examination Yuan">Examination Yuan</a> appointed by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President of the Republic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CYUS_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CYUS-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1947 constitution, the Control Yuan, together with <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Republic_of_China)" title="National Assembly (Republic of China)">National Assembly</a> and <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a>, thus formed chambers of a <a href="/wiki/Tricameralism" title="Tricameralism">tricameral parliament</a> according to the <a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judicial Yuan</a>'s interpretation number 76 of the Constitution in 1957.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Control Yuan was given the power to request documents from other government agencies and investigate them for violations of law or neglect as under <a href="/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen" title="Sun Yat-sen">Sun Yat-sen</a>'s ideology. The <a href="/wiki/Comptroller" title="Comptroller">auditor-general</a> was considered elected by the Control Yuan, who shall be nominated by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President of the Republic</a> with consent of the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a>, who was responsible for submitting reports on government budgets.<sup id="cite_ref-cosnt_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cosnt-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Finally, the Control Yuan had confirmation power for the President, Vice President and members of the <a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judicial Yuan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Examination_Yuan" title="Examination Yuan">Examination Yuan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Establishment_and_relocation_to_Taiwan">Establishment and relocation to Taiwan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Establishment and relocation to Taiwan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Control_Yuan_Building_20050702.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Control_Yuan_Building_20050702.jpg/250px-Control_Yuan_Building_20050702.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Control_Yuan_Building_20050702.jpg/375px-Control_Yuan_Building_20050702.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Control_Yuan_Building_20050702.jpg/500px-Control_Yuan_Building_20050702.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>The Control Yuan building, built in 1915 when <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule" title="Taiwan under Japanese rule">Taiwan was under Japanese rule</a> as the governmental building of <a href="/wiki/Taihoku_Prefecture" title="Taihoku Prefecture">Taihoku Prefecture</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the early <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">republican era</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Beiyang_government" title="Beiyang government">Beiyang government</a> was in favor of the traditional three-branch form of <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers" title="Separation of powers">separation of powers</a>. However, a weak culture of <a href="/wiki/Republicanism" title="Republicanism">republicanism</a> and, later, the <a href="/wiki/Warlord_Era" title="Warlord Era">Warlord Era</a> suppressed the implementation of this constitutional ideology. </p><p>After a successful <a href="/wiki/Northern_Expedition" title="Northern Expedition">Northern Expedition</a> campaign, the <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a> secured its leadership in <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">China</a> and started to build the <a href="/wiki/Nationalist_government" title="Nationalist government">Nationalist government</a> according to <a href="/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen" title="Sun Yat-sen">Sun Yat-sen</a>'s ideology. Five branches (<i>Yuan</i>s) were created under the <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a>'s <a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">party-state</a> administration. During this time, the Auditing Yuan (<a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hant">審計院</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Shěnjì Yuàn</span></i>) was established in February 1928, but in February 1931, the Control Yuan was established and the Auditing Yuan was downgraded to the current ministry-level National Audit Office within the Control Yuan.<sup id="cite_ref-cy_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cy-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The creation of Control Yuan on 16 February 1931 was the last establishment of the five-<i>Yuan</i>s.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, the 1947 <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution of the Republic of China</a>, although retaining the architecture of the five-branch government, changed the Control Yuan to be a <a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">parliament</a> <a href="/wiki/Legislative_chamber" title="Legislative chamber">chamber</a>. Under the constitution, members of the Yuan (by now senators <i>de facto</i>) were elected from regional <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislatures</a>: 5 from each <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_China" title="Provinces of China">province</a>, 2 from each <a href="/wiki/Direct-administered_municipalities_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct-administered municipalities of China">direct-administered municipality</a>, 8 from <a href="/wiki/Outer_Mongolia" title="Outer Mongolia">Mongolia</a> (by 1948 only the Inner Mongolian provinces were represented), 8 from <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a>, and 8 from the <a href="/wiki/Overseas_Chinese" title="Overseas Chinese">overseas Chinese</a> communities. As originally envisioned both the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_Control_Yuan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of the Control Yuan">President</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_the_Control_Yuan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Vice Presidents of the Control Yuan">Vice President</a> of the Control Yuan were to be elected by and from the members like the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_(politics)" title="Speaker (politics)">speaker</a> of many other <a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">parliamentary</a> bodies worldwide. Following the <a href="/wiki/Promulgation" title="Promulgation">promulgation</a> of the <i>Constitution</i>, the 178 first Control Yuan senators elected by the regional <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislatures</a> convened in <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanking</a> on June 4, 1948, for the opening of their chamber.<sup id="cite_ref-cy_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cy-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first Control Yuan then confirmed the leaders and members of the first <a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judicial Yuan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Examination_Yuan" title="Examination Yuan">Examination Yuan</a>. The transition from <a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">one-party state</a> <a href="/wiki/Nationalist_government" title="Nationalist government">Nationalist government</a> to <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Government of the Republic of China">constitutional government</a> was hence completed. </p><p>However, a year later, the <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a>-led <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Government of the Republic of China">government of the Republic of China</a> lost the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Civil_War" title="Chinese Civil War">Chinese Civil War</a> and <a href="/wiki/Retreat_of_the_Republic_of_China_to_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Retreat of the Republic of China to Taiwan">retreated to</a> <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> in December 1949. <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> had been <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule" title="Taiwan under Japanese rule">under Japanese rule</a> before August 15, 1945; as a result of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">Republic of China</a> <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_Armed_Forces" title="Republic of China Armed Forces">Armed Forces</a> occupied <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allies</a>. The government established <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province" title="Taiwan Province">Taiwan Province</a> to mark its annexation of <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>. There were 104 members who retreated to Taiwan with the government, including 5 senators from Taiwan. The Control Yuan occupied the former governmental building of <a href="/wiki/Taihoku_Prefecture" title="Taihoku Prefecture">Taihoku Prefecture</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule" title="Taiwan under Japanese rule">Japanese era</a>. The term of the retreated senators was extended indefinitely until "re-election is possible in their original <a href="/wiki/Electoral_district" title="Electoral district">electoral district</a>." During this era, the first Control Yuan members continued to conduct sessions in <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a> until they were ordered to retire by the <a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judicial Yuan</a> (Constitutional Court) in 1991. </p><p>With the reduction of members due to age, elections were held from 1969 to 1986 to elect new senators to the Yuan from Taiwan, and the cities of Taipei and Kaoshung were soon represented. </p><p>Until 1993, the Control Yuan's legislative work was limited to helping to audit the national budget, which would then be presented to the Legislative Yuan. The other actions the then chamber took were its impeachment, confirmation and censure powers, applied whenever necessary. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Democratization">Democratization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Democratization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Democratization took place in <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> starting late 1980s; the movement resulted in a series of <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_amendment" title="Constitutional amendment">constitutional amendment</a> known as the <a href="/wiki/Additional_Articles_of_the_Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China">Additional Articles of the Constitution</a>. On May 27, 1992, the second amendment removed the Control Yuan from <a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">parliament</a> <a href="/wiki/Legislative_chamber" title="Legislative chamber">chambers</a> and its members removed from their legislative duties. Decision process of leaders and members of the Control Yuan follows a similar pattern of <a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judicial Yuan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Examination_Yuan" title="Examination Yuan">Examination Yuan</a>. These officials were nominated by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President of the Republic</a> and confirmation by the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Republic_of_China)" title="National Assembly (Republic of China)">National Assembly</a>. The <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Republic_of_China)" title="National Assembly (Republic of China)">National Assembly</a> was another <a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">parliament</a> <a href="/wiki/Legislative_chamber" title="Legislative chamber">chamber</a> that can hold the confirmation process to maintain the <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers" title="Separation of powers">separation of powers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 18 July 1997, by the 4th <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_amendment" title="Constitutional amendment">constitutional amendment</a>, the procedure to <a href="/wiki/Impeachment" title="Impeachment">impeach</a> the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President</a> and <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">Vice President of the Republic</a> was transferred out from the Control Yuan. In this amendment, presidential impeachment shall be initiated by <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> and voted by the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Republic_of_China)" title="National Assembly (Republic of China)">National Assembly</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the later political developments in <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> has inclined to simplify the <a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">parliament</a> to <a href="/wiki/Unicameralism" title="Unicameralism">one chamber</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> was the surviving chamber and the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Republic_of_China)" title="National Assembly (Republic of China)">National Assembly</a> was then abolished.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 25 April 2000, confirmation of leaders and members of the Control Yuan are transferred to <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a>, together with the confirmation of similar officials of <a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judicial Yuan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Examination_Yuan" title="Examination Yuan">Examination Yuan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the end of 2004, <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Chen_Shui-bian" title="Chen Shui-bian">Chen Shui-bian</a> sent a list of nominees to positions in the Control Yuan to the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> for approval. The coalition of <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a> and <a href="/wiki/People_First_Party_(Taiwan)" title="People First Party (Taiwan)">People First Party</a>, which then held a majority in the Legislative Yuan, refused to ratify President Chen's nominees and demanded that he submit a new list. The political deadlock that resulted stopped the Control Yuan from functioning from February 2005 to July 2008. The situation resolved after <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a>'s candidate <a href="/wiki/Ma_Ying-jeou" title="Ma Ying-jeou">Ma Ying-jeou</a> was elected as the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President</a> in <a href="/wiki/2008_Taiwanese_presidential_election" title="2008 Taiwanese presidential election">2008 Taiwanese presidential election</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a> won the <a href="/wiki/Supermajority" title="Supermajority">supermajority</a> of Legislative Yuan seats in <a href="/wiki/2008_Taiwanese_legislative_election" title="2008 Taiwanese legislative election">2008 Taiwanese legislative election</a>. Mr. <a href="/wiki/Wang_Chien-shien" title="Wang Chien-shien">Wang Chien-shien</a> was then appointed to be its president under the <a href="/wiki/Ma_Ying-jeou" title="Ma Ying-jeou">Ma Ying-jeou</a> administration. </p><p>In 2016, <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Democratic Progressive Party">Democratic Progressive Party</a>'s candidate <a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ing-wen" title="Tsai Ing-wen">Tsai Ing-wen</a> was elected as the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President</a> in <a href="/wiki/2016_Taiwanese_presidential_election" title="2016 Taiwanese presidential election">2016 Taiwanese presidential election</a> and <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Progressive_Party" title="Democratic Progressive Party">Democratic Progressive Party</a> won the majority of Legislative Yuan seats in <a href="/wiki/2016_Taiwanese_legislative_election" title="2016 Taiwanese legislative election">2016 Taiwanese legislative election</a>. On 10 December 2019, the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> passed the National Human Rights Committee Organic Law (國家人權委員會組織法), which established the National Human Rights Committee under the Control Yuan. Its duties include investigating human rights abuses, proposing human rights laws, compiling an annual report, and educational promotion of human rights, in accordance with the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Principles_(human_rights_standards)" title="Paris Principles (human rights standards)">Paris Principles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The committee will consist of 10 members, one of which is the President of the Control Yuan who heads the committee.<sup id="cite_ref-hr_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hr-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It launched on August 1, 2020, with former democracy activist <a href="/wiki/Chen_Chu" title="Chen Chu">Chen Chu</a> as president.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a> member <a href="/wiki/Justin_Huang" title="Justin Huang">Justin Huang</a> was discussed as a potential vice-president, but he declined the position after receiving criticism from both the KMT for crossing party lines without consultation and the DPP for his role in the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Taitung_Miramar_Resort" title="Taitung Miramar Resort">Taitung Miramar Resort</a> while he was county magistrate, for which the county government was censured by the Control Yuan.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Elections_and_terms">Elections and terms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Elections and terms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ROC_CY.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/ROC_CY.svg/200px-ROC_CY.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/ROC_CY.svg/300px-ROC_CY.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/ROC_CY.svg/400px-ROC_CY.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="677" data-file-height="535" /></a><figcaption>Jurisdiction of Control Yuan branch offices<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Suspended since 1949)</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a>-led <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Government of the Republic of China">government of the Republic of China</a> <a href="/wiki/Retreat_of_the_Republic_of_China_to_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Retreat of the Republic of China to Taiwan">retreated</a> to <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> in 1949, the year following the elections after the enactment of the 1947 constitution. As the <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a> government continues to claim sovereignty over <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">mainland China</a>, the term limit of the original Members of the Control Yuan was extended until "re-election is possible in their original <a href="/wiki/Electoral_districts" class="mw-redirect" title="Electoral districts">electoral districts</a>." In response to the increasing democracy movement in <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, limited supplementary elections were held in the <a href="/wiki/Free_area_of_the_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Free area of the Republic of China">Free Area</a> (<a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>) starting 1969. Members elected in these supplementary elections served together with those who were elected in 1948. This situation remained until a Constitutional Court (<a href="/wiki/Judicial_Yuan" title="Judicial Yuan">Judicial Yuan</a>) ruling on June 21, 1991, that ordered the retirement of all members with extended terms by the end of 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Term</th> <th>Length</th> <th>Actual length</th> <th>Election/Appointment</th> <th>Seats</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" rowspan="5"><b>1st</b></td> <td rowspan="5">Initially 6 years,<br />then limit removed by<br /><i><a href="/wiki/Temporary_Provisions_against_the_Communist_Rebellion" title="Temporary Provisions against the Communist Rebellion">Temporary Provisions</a></i></td> <td rowspan="5">Jun 4, 1948－Jan 31, 1993<br />(See <i>Note</i> column for<br />detailed terms) </td> <td>1947－48 elections</td> <td>178</td> <td>The only election held in <a href="/wiki/Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">mainland China</a>. 5 seats were elected in <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province" title="Taiwan Province">Taiwan</a>.<br />104 members <a href="/wiki/Retreat_of_the_Republic_of_China_to_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Retreat of the Republic of China to Taiwan">retreated to Taiwan</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Government of the Republic of China">government</a>; served until the end of 1991. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1969 supp</td> <td>2</td> <td>Elected in <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a>, terms equal to the 1948-elected members </td></tr> <tr> <td>1973 1st supp</td> <td>15</td> <td>Elected in <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_(island)" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwan (island)">Taiwan</a> with 6-year terms; then extended to 8 years </td></tr> <tr> <td>1980 2nd supp</td> <td>32</td> <td>Elected in <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_(island)" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwan (island)">Taiwan</a> with 6-year terms </td></tr> <tr> <td>1987 3rd supp</td> <td>32</td> <td>Elected in <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_(island)" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwan (island)">Taiwan</a> with 6-year terms; served until Jan 31, 1993 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>2nd</b></td> <td rowspan="5">6 years</td> <td>Feb 1, 1993－Jan 31, 1999 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">Presidential</a> nomination with<br /><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Republic_of_China)" title="National Assembly (Republic of China)">National Assembly</a> confirmation </td> <td rowspan="5">29</td> <td>Changed to a non-<a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">parliamentary</a> institution; elections stopped </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>3rd</b></td> <td>Feb 1, 1999－Jan 31, 2005</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>4th</b></td> <td>Aug 1, 2008－Jul 31, 2014 </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">Presidential</a> nomination with<br /><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> confirmation </td> <td>Vacancy due to <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a>'s refusal to initiate the confirmation process </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>5th</b></td> <td>Aug 1, 2014－Jul 31, 2020</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><b>6th</b></td> <td>Aug 1, 2020－Jul 31, 2026</td> <td>Incumbent </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Timeline of Control Yuan elections and terms</b> </p> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_r519egzs658n28favbyycxl9sbnwkqa"></map><img usemap="#timeline_r519egzs658n28favbyycxl9sbnwkqa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/r519egzs658n28favbyycxl9sbnwkqa.png" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="President_and_Vice_President_of_the_Control_Yuan">President and Vice President of the Control Yuan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: President and Vice President of the Control Yuan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_Control_Yuan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of the Control Yuan">List of Presidents of the Control Yuan</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_the_Control_Yuan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Vice Presidents of the Control Yuan">List of Vice Presidents of the Control Yuan</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chen_Chu_in_August_2020.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Chen_Chu_in_August_2020.jpg/220px-Chen_Chu_in_August_2020.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Chen_Chu_in_August_2020.jpg/330px-Chen_Chu_in_August_2020.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Chen_Chu_in_August_2020.jpg/440px-Chen_Chu_in_August_2020.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Chen_Chu" title="Chen Chu">Chen Chu</a>, the incumbent President of the Control Yuan</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Before_the_1947_Constitution">Before the 1947 Constitution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Before the 1947 Constitution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The President and Vice President of the Control Yuan in the <a href="/wiki/Nationalist_government" title="Nationalist government">Nationalist government</a> era were appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Kuomintang" title="Kuomintang">Kuomintang</a> (Nationalist Party). </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>President</th> <th>Vice President </th></tr> <tr> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Yuanpei" title="Cai Yuanpei">Tsai Yuan-pei</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E5%85%83%E5%9F%B9" class="extiw" title="zh:蔡元培">蔡元培</a></span></span>) (8 October 1928 – 28 August 1929) <i>not inaugurated</i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhao_Dai-wen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhao Dai-wen (page does not exist)">Zhao Dai-wen</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E6%88%B4%E6%96%87" class="extiw" title="zh:趙戴文">趙戴文</a></span></span>) (29 August 1929 – 17 November 1930) <i>not inaugurated</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_Youren" title="Yu Youren">Yu Yu-jen</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%8E%E5%8F%B3%E4%BB%BB" class="extiw" title="zh:于右任">于右任</a></span></span>) (18 November 1930 – 9 June 1948)</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Guofu" title="Chen Guofu">Chen Guo-fu</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E6%9E%9C%E5%A4%AB" class="extiw" title="zh:陳果夫">陳果夫</a></span></span>) (8 October 1928 – 27 December 1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Weifen" title="Ding Weifen">Ding Wei-fen</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E6%83%9F%E6%B1%BE" class="extiw" title="zh:丁惟汾">丁惟汾</a></span></span>) (28 December 1931 – 6 December 1935)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hsu_Chung-chih&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hsu Chung-chih (page does not exist)">Hsu Chung-chih</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A8%B1%E5%B4%87%E6%99%BA" class="extiw" title="zh:許崇智">許崇智</a></span></span>) (7 December 1935 – 26 December 1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Shangqing" title="Liu Shangqing">Liu Shang-qing</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%B0%9A%E6%B8%85" class="extiw" title="zh:劉尚清">劉尚清</a></span></span>) (27 December 1941 – 19 February 1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Shaohong" title="Huang Shaohong">Huang Shao-hong</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E7%B4%B9%E7%AB%91" class="extiw" title="zh:黃紹竑">黃紹竑</a></span></span>) (7 June 1947 – 26 October 1947)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liu_Zhe_(Republic_of_China)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liu Zhe (Republic of China) (page does not exist)">Liu Zhe</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%93%B2_(1880%E5%B9%B4)" class="extiw" title="zh:劉哲 (1880年)">劉哲</a></span></span>) (27 October 1947 – 4 June 1948)</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1947_Constitution">1947 Constitution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 1947 Constitution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Control Yuan was a <a href="/wiki/Legislative_chamber" title="Legislative chamber">chamber</a> of <a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">parliament</a> under the 1947 <i><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution of the Republic of China</a></i>. The President and Vice President of the Control Yuan were elected by and from the members like the <a href="/wiki/Speaker_(politics)" title="Speaker (politics)">speaker</a> of many other <a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">parliamentary</a> bodies. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Order</th> <th>Date</th> <th colspan="2">President</th> <th colspan="2">Vice President</th> <th>Note </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="6"><b>1</b></td> <td>Jun 9, 1948–Jan 6, 1954</td> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Yu_Youren" title="Yu Youren">Yu Yu-jen</a></td> <td rowspan="5"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%8E%E5%8F%B3%E4%BB%BB" class="extiw" title="zh:于右任">于右任</a></span></span></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liu_Che_(Republic_of_China)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liu Che (Republic of China) (page does not exist)">Liu Che</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%93%B2_(1880%E5%B9%B4)" class="extiw" title="zh:劉哲 (1880年)">劉哲</a></span></span></td> <td align="left">Inaugurated in <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanking</a> and moved to <a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jan 7, 1954–Aug 17, 1954</td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>Post vacant</i></span></td> <td align="left">Vice President Liu Che died in office </td></tr> <tr> <td>Aug 18, 1954–Jul 11, 1957</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liang_Shang-tung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liang Shang-tung (page does not exist)">Liang Shang-tung</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E4%B8%8A%E6%A3%9F" class="extiw" title="zh:梁上棟">梁上棟</a></span></span></td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jul 12, 1957–Apr 11, 1958</td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>Post vacant</i></span></td> <td align="left">Vice President Liang Shang-tung died in office </td></tr> <tr> <td>Apr 12, 1958–Nov 9, 1964</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Li_Shih-tsung" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Shih-tsung">Li Shih-tsung</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%97%A3%E7%92%81" class="extiw" title="zh:李嗣璁">李嗣璁</a></span></span></td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nov 10, 1964–Aug 16, 1965</td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>Vice President as Acting President</i></span></td> <td align="left">President <a href="/wiki/Yu_Youren" title="Yu Youren">Yu Yu-jen</a> died in office </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><b>2</b></td> <td>Aug 17, 1965–May 14, 1972</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Li_Shih-tsung" class="mw-redirect" title="Li Shih-tsung">Li Shih-tsung</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%97%A3%E7%92%81" class="extiw" title="zh:李嗣璁">李嗣璁</a></span></span> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chang_Wei-han&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chang Wei-han (page does not exist)">Chang Wei-han</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E7%B6%AD%E7%BF%B0" class="extiw" title="zh:張維翰">張維翰</a></span></span></td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>May 15, 1972–Mar 18, 1973</td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>Vice President as Acting President</i></span></td> <td align="left">President Li Shih-tsung died in office </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><b>3</b></td> <td>Mar 19, 1973–Mar 23, 1981</td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Yu_Chun-hsien" title="Yu Chun-hsien">Yu Chun-hsien</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BD%99%E4%BF%8A%E8%B3%A2" class="extiw" title="zh:余俊賢">余俊賢</a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chou_Pai-lien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chou Pai-lien (page does not exist)">Chou Pai-lien</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%91%A8%E7%99%BE%E9%8D%8A" class="extiw" title="zh:周百鍊">周百鍊</a></span></span></td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mar 24, 1981–Mar 11, 1987</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huang_Tzuen-chiou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huang Tzuen-chiou (page does not exist)">Huang Tzuen-chiou</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%B0%8A%E7%A7%8B" class="extiw" title="zh:黃尊秋">黃尊秋</a></span></span></td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><b>4</b></td> <td>Mar 12, 1987–Dec 29, 1991</td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huang_Tzuen-chiou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huang Tzuen-chiou (page does not exist)">Huang Tzuen-chiou</a></td> <td rowspan="3"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E5%B0%8A%E7%A7%8B" class="extiw" title="zh:黃尊秋">黃尊秋</a></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ma_Kung-chun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ma Kung-chun (page does not exist)">Ma Kung-chun</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E7%A9%BA%E7%BE%A4" class="extiw" title="zh:馬空群">馬空群</a></span></span></td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dec 30, 1991–Feb 19, 1992</td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>Post vacant</i></span></td> <td align="left">Vice President Ma Kung-chun retired at end of 1991 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Feb 20, 1992–Jan 31, 1993</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lin_Rong-San" title="Lin Rong-San">Lin Rong-san</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E6%A6%AE%E4%B8%89" class="extiw" title="zh:林榮三">林榮三</a></span></span></td> <td align="left"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1992_Constitution_amendment">1992 Constitution amendment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 1992 Constitution amendment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the 1992 ratification of the <a href="/wiki/Additional_Articles_of_the_Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China">constitutional amendment</a>, the Control Yuan was reorganized from a chamber of <a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">parliament</a> to an independent agency that still performs most of its designated constitutional powers. Since the 4th term, the President and Vice President of the Control Yuan, together with other members, were nominated by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President of the Republic</a> and approved by the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a> (the now-unicameral parliament of <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>). </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Term</th> <th>Date</th> <th colspan="2">President</th> <th colspan="2">Vice President</th> <th>Note </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><b>2nd</b></td> <td>Feb 1, 1993–Sep 22, 1995</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chen_Li-an" title="Chen Li-an">Chen Li-an</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E5%B1%A5%E5%AE%89" class="extiw" title="zh:陳履安">陳履安</a></span></span></td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cheng_Shuei-chih&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cheng Shuei-chih (page does not exist)">Cheng Shuei-chih</a></td> <td rowspan="3"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%84%AD%E6%B0%B4%E6%9E%9D" class="extiw" title="zh:鄭水枝">鄭水枝</a></span></span></td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sep 23, 1995–Aug 31, 1996</td> <td colspan="2"><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>Vice President as Acting President</i></span> </td> <td align="left">President Chen Li-an resigned to run for <a href="/wiki/1996_Taiwanese_presidential_election" title="1996 Taiwanese presidential election">1996 Taiwanese presidential election</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sep 1, 1996–Jan 31, 1999</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wang_Tso-yung" class="mw-redirect" title="Wang Tso-yung">Wang Tso-yung</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E4%BD%9C%E6%A6%AE" class="extiw" title="zh:王作榮">王作榮</a></span></span></td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>3rd</b></td> <td>Feb 1, 1999–Jan 31, 2005</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fredrick_Chien" title="Fredrick Chien">Fredrick Chien</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8C%A2%E5%BE%A9" class="extiw" title="zh:錢復">錢復</a></span></span></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cheng_Meng-lin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cheng Meng-lin (page does not exist)">Cheng Meng-lin</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E5%AD%9F%E9%88%B4" class="extiw" title="zh:陳孟鈴">陳孟鈴</a></span></span></td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—</td> <td>Feb 1, 2005–Jul 31, 2008</td> <td colspan="2" data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>Post vacant</i></span></td> <td colspan="2" data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na"><span style="font-size:85%;"><i>Post vacant</i></span></td> <td align="left">Vacant due to <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers" title="Separation of powers">Executive-Legislative conflict</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>4th</b></td> <td>Aug 1, 2008–Jul 31, 2014</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wang_Chien-shien" title="Wang Chien-shien">Wang Chien-shien</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%BB%BA%E7%85%8A" class="extiw" title="zh:王建煊">王建煊</a></span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chen_Jinn-lih" title="Chen Jinn-lih">Chen Jinn-lih</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW">陳進利</span></span></td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>5th</b></td> <td>Aug 1, 2014–Jul 31, 2020</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chang_Po-ya" title="Chang Po-ya">Chang Po-ya</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E5%8D%9A%E9%9B%85" class="extiw" title="zh:張博雅">張博雅</a></span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sun_Ta-chuan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Ta-chuan">Sun Ta-chuan</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%B7%9D" class="extiw" title="zh:孫大川">孫大川</a></span></span></td> <td align="left"> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>6th</b></td> <td>Aug 1, 2020–<i>present</i></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chen_Chu" title="Chen Chu">Chen Chu</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E8%8F%8A" class="extiw" title="zh:陳菊">陳菊</a></span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lee_Hung-chun" title="Lee Hung-chun">Lee Hung-chun</a></td> <td><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-TW"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E9%B4%BB%E9%88%9E" class="extiw" title="zh:李鴻鈞">李鴻鈞</a></span></span></td> <td align="left">Vice presidency vacant from Aug 1, 2020 to May 30, 2022 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comparable_agencies_in_other_countries">Comparable agencies in other countries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Comparable agencies in other countries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Country</th> <th>Agency </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Supervisory_Commission" title="National Supervisory Commission">National Supervisory Commission</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-CN">国家监察委员会</span></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/European_Court_of_Auditors" title="European Court of Auditors">European Court of Auditors</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/State_Comptroller_of_Israel" title="State Comptroller of Israel">State Comptroller</a> (<span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl">מבקר המדינה</span></span>, <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مراقب الدولة</span></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Board_of_Audit_(Japan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of Audit (Japan)">Board of Audit</a> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">会計検査院</span></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ombudsman_of_the_Philippines" title="Ombudsman of the Philippines">Office of the Ombudsman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Commission_on_Audit_of_the_Philippines" class="mw-redirect" title="Commission on Audit of the Philippines">Commission on Audit</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> (ROK)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Board_of_Audit_and_Inspection" title="Board of Audit and Inspection">Board of Audit and Inspection</a> (<span title="Korean-language text"><span lang="ko-KR">감사원、監査院</span></span>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Audit_Office_(United_Kingdom)" title="National Audit Office (United Kingdom)">National Audit Office</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Government_Accountability_Office" title="Government Accountability Office">Government Accountability Office</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comptroller" title="Comptroller">Comptroller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Government of the Republic of China">Government of the Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_performance_auditing" title="Government performance auditing">Government performance auditing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ombudsman" title="Ombudsman">Ombudsman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Politics of the Republic of China">Politics of the Republic of China</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJacobs2009" class="citation news cs1">Jacobs, Andrew (2009-08-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/24/world/asia/24taiwan.html">"Taiwan's Leader Faces Anger Over Storm Response"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200817072255/https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/24/world/asia/24taiwan.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-08-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-08-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Taiwan%27s+Leader+Faces+Anger+Over+Storm+Response&rft.date=2009-08-23&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F08%2F24%2Fworld%2Fasia%2F24taiwan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Additional-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Additional_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See Additional Articles of the Constitution art. 7, available at <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=A0000002">"Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China (Taiwan)"</a>. July 10, 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220814234310/https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=A0000002">Archived</a> from the original on August 14, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(1963). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wustllawreview.org/volumes/49/issues/4/articles/1/">"Chinese Control Yuan: An Independent Supervisory Organ of the State"</a>. <i>Washington University Law Review</i>. <b>1963</b> (4): 26. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210421114138/https://wustllawreview.org/volumes/49/issues/4/articles/1/">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-04-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-04-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+University+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Chinese+Control+Yuan%3A+An+Independent+Supervisory+Organ+of+the+State&rft.volume=1963&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=26&rft.date=1963&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Herbert+H.+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwustllawreview.org%2Fvolumes%2F49%2Fissues%2F4%2Farticles%2F1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tw.appledaily.com/politics/20200622/4XZZJJQW7PSGSUETH7XCU2YR4A/">"【監委提名】27位被提名人平均62.6歲男性15名、女性12名"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220120141341/https://tw.appledaily.com/politics/20200622/4XZZJJQW7PSGSUETH7XCU2YR4A/">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-01-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-09-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E3%80%90%E7%9B%A3%E5%A7%94%E6%8F%90%E5%90%8D%E3%80%9127%E4%BD%8D%E8%A2%AB%E6%8F%90%E5%90%8D%E4%BA%BA%E5%B9%B3%E5%9D%8762.6%E6%AD%B2+%E7%94%B7%E6%80%A715%E5%90%8D%E3%80%81%E5%A5%B3%E6%80%A712%E5%90%8D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftw.appledaily.com%2Fpolitics%2F20200622%2F4XZZJJQW7PSGSUETH7XCU2YR4A%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://udn.com/news/story/121425/4709487">"影／游錫堃宣布：陳菊將任監察院長 27個監委名單全過關"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200824140831/https://udn.com/news/story/121425/4709487">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-08-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-09-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E5%BD%B1%EF%BC%8F%E6%B8%B8%E9%8C%AB%E5%A0%83%E5%AE%A3%E5%B8%83%EF%BC%9A%E9%99%B3%E8%8F%8A%E5%B0%87%E4%BB%BB%E7%9B%A3%E5%AF%9F%E9%99%A2%E9%95%B7+27%E5%80%8B%E7%9B%A3%E5%A7%94%E5%90%8D%E5%96%AE%E5%85%A8%E9%81%8E%E9%97%9C&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fudn.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F121425%2F4709487&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=A0010077">Regulations Governing the Establishment of the Control Yuan Committee on Anti-Corruption</a> (2). 28 July 2004.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Regulations+Governing+the+Establishment+of+the+Control+Yuan+Committee+on+Anti-Corruption&rft.date=2004-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flaw.moj.gov.tw%2FENG%2FLawClass%2FLawAll.aspx%3Fpcode%3DA0010077&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200610005005/https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=A0010077">Archived</a> 10 June 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=R0020004">Examination Invigilation Act</a>. 26 October 1950.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Examination+Invigilation+Act&rft.date=1950-10-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flaw.moj.gov.tw%2FENG%2FLawClass%2FLawAll.aspx%3Fpcode%3DR0020004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200610005521/https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=R0020004">Archived</a> 10 June 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hr-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hr_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hr_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWangMazzetta2019" class="citation news cs1">Wang, Yang-yu; Mazzetta, Matthew (10 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://focustaiwan.tw/politics/201912100020">"Bill passed to establish Human Rights Committee under Control Yuan"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Central_News_Agency_(Taiwan)" title="Central News Agency (Taiwan)">Central News Agency (Taiwan)</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200608213853/https://focustaiwan.tw/politics/201912100020">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Central+News+Agency+%28Taiwan%29&rft.atitle=Bill+passed+to+establish+Human+Rights+Committee+under+Control+Yuan&rft.date=2019-12-10&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Yang-yu&rft.au=Mazzetta%2C+Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffocustaiwan.tw%2Fpolitics%2F201912100020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=A0030200">Enforcement Rules of the Control Act</a>. <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a>. 11 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Enforcement+Rules+of+the+Control+Act&rft.pub=Legislative+Yuan&rft.date=2009-02-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flaw.moj.gov.tw%2FENG%2FLawClass%2FLawAll.aspx%3Fpcode%3DA0030200&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200728080600/https://law.moj.gov.tw/ENG/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?pcode=A0030200">Archived</a> 28 July 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKuYuYeh2020" class="citation news cs1">Ku, Chuan; Yu, Matt; Yeh, Joseph (19 February 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://focustaiwan.tw/politics/202002190020">"Five military personnel impeached over negligence in F-16 crash"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Central_News_Agency_(Taiwan)" title="Central News Agency (Taiwan)">Central News Agency (Taiwan)</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200311211517/https://focustaiwan.tw/politics/202002190020">Archived</a> from the original on 11 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Central+News+Agency+%28Taiwan%29&rft.atitle=Five+military+personnel+impeached+over+negligence+in+F-16+crash&rft.date=2020-02-19&rft.aulast=Ku&rft.aufirst=Chuan&rft.au=Yu%2C+Matt&rft.au=Yeh%2C+Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffocustaiwan.tw%2Fpolitics%2F202002190020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPan2019" class="citation news cs1">Pan, Jason (5 June 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2019/06/05/2003716377">"Control Yuan impeaches former Hualien official"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Taipei_Times" title="Taipei Times">Taipei Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200609051707/https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2019/06/05/2003716377">Archived</a> from the original on 9 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taipei+Times&rft.atitle=Control+Yuan+impeaches+former+Hualien+official&rft.date=2019-06-05&rft.aulast=Pan&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taipeitimes.com%2FNews%2Ftaiwan%2Farchives%2F2019%2F06%2F05%2F2003716377&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF賴品瑀2019" class="citation news cs1">賴品瑀 (4 June 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://taronews.tw/2019/06/04/361859/">"花蓮縣政府花公帑收買當地14家媒體監委批：嚴重傷害新聞信賴"</a>. <i>Taro News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200609052526/https://taronews.tw/2019/06/04/361859/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taro+News&rft.atitle=%E8%8A%B1%E8%93%AE%E7%B8%A3%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E8%8A%B1%E5%85%AC%E5%B8%91%E6%94%B6%E8%B2%B7%E7%95%B6%E5%9C%B014%E5%AE%B6%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94+%E7%9B%A3%E5%A7%94%E6%89%B9%EF%BC%9A%E5%9A%B4%E9%87%8D%E5%82%B7%E5%AE%B3%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E4%BF%A1%E8%B3%B4&rft.date=2019-06-04&rft.au=%E8%B3%B4%E5%93%81%E7%91%80&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftaronews.tw%2F2019%2F06%2F04%2F361859%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREF王宏舜2020" class="citation news cs1">王宏舜 (19 February 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://udn.com/news/story/7321/4355079">"花蓮縣府「買新聞」謝公秉遭記過2次、罰款10萬元"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/United_Daily_News" title="United Daily News">United Daily News</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200609051708/https://udn.com/news/story/7321/4355079">Archived</a> from the original on 9 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=United+Daily+News&rft.atitle=%E8%8A%B1%E8%93%AE%E7%B8%A3%E5%BA%9C%E3%80%8C%E8%B2%B7%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E3%80%8D+%E8%AC%9D%E5%85%AC%E7%A7%89%E9%81%AD%E8%A8%98%E9%81%8E2%E6%AC%A1%E3%80%81%E7%BD%B0%E6%AC%BE10%E8%90%AC%E5%85%83&rft.date=2020-02-19&rft.au=%E7%8E%8B%E5%AE%8F%E8%88%9C&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fudn.com%2Fnews%2Fstory%2F7321%2F4355079&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYuKuChenWang2019" class="citation news cs1">Yu, Hsiang; Ku, Chuan; Chen, Chih-chung; Wang, Yang-yu; Fan, Cheng-hsiang; Chen, Chun-hua; Elizabeth, Hsu (15 January 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://focustaiwan.tw/politics/201901150020">"Control Yuan passes motion to impeach new NTU president"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Central_News_Agency_(Taiwan)" title="Central News Agency (Taiwan)">Central News Agency (Taiwan)</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200609000827/https://focustaiwan.tw/politics/201901150020">Archived</a> from the original on 9 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Central+News+Agency+%28Taiwan%29&rft.atitle=Control+Yuan+passes+motion+to+impeach+new+NTU+president&rft.date=2019-01-15&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Hsiang&rft.au=Ku%2C+Chuan&rft.au=Chen%2C+Chih-chung&rft.au=Wang%2C+Yang-yu&rft.au=Fan%2C+Cheng-hsiang&rft.au=Chen%2C+Chun-hua&rft.au=Elizabeth%2C+Hsu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffocustaiwan.tw%2Fpolitics%2F201901150020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaxon2019" class="citation news cs1">Maxon, Ann (3 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2019/09/03/2003721618">"Commission reprimands NTU's Kuan"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Taipei_Times" title="Taipei Times">Taipei Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200609000829/https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2019/09/03/2003721618">Archived</a> from the original on 9 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taipei+Times&rft.atitle=Commission+reprimands+NTU%27s+Kuan&rft.date=2019-09-03&rft.aulast=Maxon&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taipeitimes.com%2FNews%2Ftaiwan%2Farchives%2F2019%2F09%2F03%2F2003721618&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hawke's Bay Herald. Volume XXXV, Issue 11595. Monday, July 23, 1900. Page 2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Statesman's year-book, Volume 47. Page 685.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CYUS-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CYUS_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution of the Republic of China</a> – Chapter IX, Article 91: "The Control Yuan shall be composed of Members who shall be elected by Provincial and Municipal Councils, the local Councils of Mongolia and Tibet, and Chinese citizens residing abroad. Their numbers shall be determined in accordance with the following provisions: <ul><li>Five Members from each province;</li> <li>Two Members from each municipality under the direct jurisdiction of the Executive Yuan;</li> <li>Eight Members from Mongolian Leagues and Banners</li> <li>Eight Members from Tibet; and</li> <li>Eight Members from Chinese citizens residing abroad."</li></ul> </span></li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/zh:%E5%8F%B8%E6%B3%95%E9%99%A2%E9%87%8B%E5%AD%97%E7%AC%AC76%E8%99%9F%E8%A7%A3%E9%87%8B" class="extiw" title="wikisource:zh:司法院釋字第76號解釋">司法院釋字第76號解釋</a></span></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.judicial.gov.tw/constitutionalcourt/EN/p03_01.asp?expno=76">Judicial Yuan interpretation number 76 (English translation)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190105145319/https://www.judicial.gov.tw/constitutionalcourt/en/p03_01.asp?expno=76">Archived</a> 2019-01-05 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cosnt-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cosnt_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Article 90-106, Section IX of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution of the Republic of China</a> (1947)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Article 79, Section VI of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution of the Republic of China</a> (1947)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Article 84, Section VII of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution of the Republic of China</a> (1947)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cy-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cy_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cy_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cy.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=6036&CtNode=989&mp=21">"The Control Yuan of the Republic of China"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160611151200/http://www.cy.gov.tw/ct.asp?xItem=6036&CtNode=989&mp=21">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-06-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-05-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Control+Yuan+of+the+Republic+of+China&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cy.gov.tw%2Fct.asp%3FxItem%3D6036%26CtNode%3D989%26mp%3D21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMa" class="citation journal cs1">Ma, Herbert Han-pao. "The Chinese Control Yuan: An Independent Supervisory Organ of the State". <i>Washington University Law Review</i>. <b>1963</b> (4): 402.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+University+Law+Review&rft.atitle=The+Chinese+Control+Yuan%3A+An+Independent+Supervisory+Organ+of+the+State&rft.volume=1963&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=402&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Herbert+Han-pao&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Second Amendment of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution of the Republic of China</a> (1992)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fourth Amendment of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution of the Republic of China</a> (1997)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sixth Amendment of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution of the Republic of China</a> (1997)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Seventh Amendment of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution of the Republic of China</a> (1997)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShih2018" class="citation news cs1">Shih, Hsiu-chuan (11 December 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://focustaiwan.tw/politics/201812110020">"Control Yuan may be made National Human Rights Institution"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Central_News_Agency_(Taiwan)" title="Central News Agency (Taiwan)">Central News Agency (Taiwan)</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200622022203/https://focustaiwan.tw/politics/201812110020">Archived</a> from the original on 22 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Central+News+Agency+%28Taiwan%29&rft.atitle=Control+Yuan+may+be+made+National+Human+Rights+Institution&rft.date=2018-12-11&rft.aulast=Shih&rft.aufirst=Hsiu-chuan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffocustaiwan.tw%2Fpolitics%2F201812110020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLin2020" class="citation web cs1">Lin, Sean (2 August 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2020/08/02/2003740999">"Human Rights Commission launched"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Taipei_Times" title="Taipei Times">Taipei Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210125150406/https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2020/08/02/2003740999">Archived</a> from the original on 25 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Taipei+Times&rft.atitle=Human+Rights+Commission+launched&rft.date=2020-08-02&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=Sean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.taipeitimes.com%2FNews%2Ftaiwan%2Farchives%2F2020%2F08%2F02%2F2003740999&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2020/06/23/2003738710">"Control Yuan nominees confirmed"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Taipei_Times" title="Taipei Times">Taipei Times</a></i>. 23 June 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210303074831/https://taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2020/06/23/2003738710">Archived</a> from the original on 3 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Taipei+Times&rft.atitle=Control+Yuan+nominees+confirmed&rft.date=2020-06-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftaipeitimes.com%2FNews%2Ftaiwan%2Farchives%2F2020%2F06%2F23%2F2003738710&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/politics/paper/1380809">"監院副院長提名回扣案黃健庭立委譁然"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Liberty_Times" title="Liberty Times">Liberty Times</a></i>. 19 June 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200620203136/https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/politics/paper/1380809">Archived</a> from the original on 20 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Liberty+Times&rft.atitle=%E7%9B%A3%E9%99%A2%E5%89%AF%E9%99%A2%E9%95%B7+%E6%8F%90%E5%90%8D%E5%9B%9E%E6%89%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%BB%83%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%AD+%E7%AB%8B%E5%A7%94%E8%AD%81%E7%84%B6&rft.date=2020-06-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.ltn.com.tw%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fpaper%2F1380809&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cy.gov.tw/EN/cp.aspx?n=230">"Our History"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220516144248/https://www.cy.gov.tw/EN/cp.aspx?n=230">Archived</a> from the original on 2022-05-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cy.gov.tw%2FEN%2Fcp.aspx%3Fn%3D230&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.cec.gov.tw/central/cms/elec_hist/21226">"中央選舉委員會歷次選舉摘要－監察委員選舉"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210202101558/https://web.cec.gov.tw/central/cms/elec_hist/21226">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-02-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-08-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E4%B8%AD%E5%A4%AE%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83%E6%AD%B7%E6%AC%A1%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89%E6%91%98%E8%A6%81%EF%BC%8D%E7%9B%A3%E5%AF%9F%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E9%81%B8%E8%88%89&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.cec.gov.tw%2Fcentral%2Fcms%2Felec_hist%2F21226&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AControl+Yuan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Control_Yuan&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px 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href="/wiki/Senate_of_Canada" title="Senate of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Federation" title="House of Federation">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Bundesrat" title="German Bundesrat">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajya_Sabha" title="Rajya Sabha">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dewan_Negara" title="Dewan Negara">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Republic_(Mexico)" title="Senate of the Republic (Mexico)">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Nepal)" title="National Assembly (Nepal)">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Nigeria" title="Senate of Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Pakistan" title="Senate of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_Council_(Russia)" title="Federation Council (Russia)">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Somalia" title="Senate of Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_States_(South_Sudan)" title="Council of States (South Sudan)">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_States_(Sudan)" title="Council of States (Sudan)">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_States_(Switzerland)" title="Council of States (Switzerland)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_Nation" title="Council of the Nation">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Antigua_and_Barbuda)" title="Senate (Antigua and Barbuda)">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Bahamas#Senate" title="Parliament of the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consultative_Council_(Bahrain)" title="Consultative Council (Bahrain)">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Barbados" title="Senate of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_the_Republic_(Belarus)" title="Council of the Republic (Belarus)">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Belize)" title="Senate (Belize)">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Bhutan)" title="National Council (Bhutan)">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Senators_(Bolivia)" title="Chamber of Senators (Bolivia)">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Burundi)" title="Senate (Burundi)">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Cambodia)" title="Senate (Cambodia)">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Cameroon)" title="Senate (Cameroon)">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senate_(Chad)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senate (Chad) (page does not exist)">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Chile" title="Senate of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Colombia" title="Senate of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo)" title="Senate (Democratic Republic of the Congo)">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Republic_of_the_Congo)" title="Senate (Republic of the Congo)">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Senate of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Senate of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Egypt)" title="Senate (Egypt)">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Equatorial_Guinea)" title="Senate (Equatorial Guinea)">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Eswatini" title="Senate of Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(France)" title="Senate (France)">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Gabon" title="Senate of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Grenada)" title="Senate (Grenada)">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Haiti)" title="Senate (Haiti)">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Representative_Council" title="Regional Representative Council">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann" title="Seanad Éireann">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Republic_(Italy)" title="Senate of the Republic (Italy)">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Ivory_Coast)" title="Senate (Ivory Coast)">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Jamaica#Senate" title="Parliament of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Councillors" title="House of Councillors">Japan (post-1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Jordan)" title="Senate (Jordan)">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Kazakhstan" title="Senate of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Kenya" title="Senate of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Lesotho" title="Senate of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Liberia" title="Senate of Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Madagascar)" title="Senate (Madagascar)">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Councillors_(Morocco)" title="House of Councillors (Morocco)">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amyotha_Hluttaw" title="Amyotha Hluttaw">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Namibia)" title="National Council (Namibia)">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Nepal)" title="National Assembly (Nepal)">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Netherlands)" title="Senate (Netherlands)">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_State_(Oman)" title="Council of State (Oman)">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Palau" title="Senate of Palau">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Paraguay" title="Senate of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Philippines" title="Senate of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Poland" title="Senate of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Romania" title="Senate of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Rwanda)" title="Senate (Rwanda)">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Senate of Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Slovenia)" title="National Council (Slovenia)">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Provinces" title="National Council of Provinces">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Spain" title="Senate of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Tajikistan" title="National Assembly of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Thailand" title="Senate of Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Trinidad_and_Tobago)" title="Senate (Trinidad and Tobago)">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Regions_and_Districts" title="National Council of Regions and Districts">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Uruguay" title="Senate of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Uzbekistan" title="Senate of Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shura_Council_(Yemen)" title="Shura Council (Yemen)">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Zimbabwe" title="Senate of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent and<br />other territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Samoa_Senate" title="American Samoa Senate">American Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Bermuda" title="Senate of Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Council_of_the_Isle_of_Man" title="Legislative Council of the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Mariana_Islands_Senate" title="Northern Mariana Islands Senate">Northern Mariana Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Senate of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">Non-UN states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Elders_(Somaliland)" title="House of Elders (Somaliland)">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_abolished_upper_houses" title="List of abolished upper houses">Defunct</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Elders_(Afghanistan)" title="House of Elders (Afghanistan)">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords_(Austria)" title="House of Lords (Austria)">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(British_Guiana)" title="Senate (British Guiana)">British Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Princes" title="Chamber of Princes">British Raj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Representatives_of_Burkina_Faso" title="Chamber of Representatives of Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Nationalities" title="Chamber of Nationalities">Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Ceylon" title="Senate of Ceylon">Ceylon</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Costa_Rican_legislature#Senate_of_Costa_Rica" title="History of the Costa Rican legislature">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Parliament#Chamber_of_Counties" title="Croatian Parliament">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Cuba" title="Congress of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Assembly_(Czechoslovakia)" title="Federal Assembly (Czechoslovakia)">Czechoslovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landstinget" class="mw-redirect" title="Landstinget">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Council" title="Conservative Council">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_States" title="Chamber of States">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senate_of_Ecuador&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senate of Ecuador (page does not exist)">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Egypt)" title="Senate (Egypt)">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senate_of_El_Salvador&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senate of El Salvador (page does not exist)">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Parliament_of_Ethiopia" title="Imperial Parliament of Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Fiji" title="Senate of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Senate" title="Greek Senate">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Magnates" title="House of Magnates">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Iran" title="Senate of Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Iraq" title="Senate of Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_House_of_Lords" title="Irish House of Lords">Kingdom of Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seanad_%C3%89ireann_(Irish_Free_State)" title="Seanad Éireann (Irish Free State)">Irish Free State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Peers_(Japan)" title="House of Peers (Japan)">Japan (pre-1947)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Kingdom_of_Libya#Senate" title="Parliament of the Kingdom of Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Maldives" title="Senate of the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Malta" title="Senate of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Mauritania" title="Senate of Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Legislative_Council" title="New Zealand Legislative Council">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Nicaragua" title="National Congress of Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Senate of Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_the_Republic_of_Peru#Senate" title="Congress of the Republic of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Portugal)" title="Senate (Portugal)">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_House_of_Lords" title="Prussian House of Lords">Prussia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Rhodesia#Senate" title="Parliament of Rhodesia">Rhodesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Council_(Russian_Empire)" title="State Council (Russian Empire)">Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Senegal)" title="Senate (Senegal)">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senate_of_the_Kingdom_of_Serbia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senate of the Kingdom of Serbia (page does not exist)">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_South_Africa" title="Senate of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Councillors_(South_Korea)" title="House of Councillors (South Korea)">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_of_Nationalities" title="Soviet of Nationalities">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rsta_kammaren" title="Första kammaren">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_the_Republic_(Turkey)" title="Senate of the Republic (Turkey)">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Venezuela" title="Senate of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichsrat_(Germany)" title="Reichsrat (Germany)">Weimar Germany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicameralism" title="Bicameralism">Bicameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicameralism" title="Unicameralism">Unicameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricameralism" title="Tricameralism">Tricameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multicameralism" title="Multicameralism">Multicameralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_abolished_upper_houses" title="List of abolished upper houses">List of abolished upper houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_legislatures_by_country" title="List of legislatures by country">List of legislatures by country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_bicameral_legislatures" title="Template:National bicameral legislatures">National bicameral legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_unicameral_legislatures" title="Template:National unicameral legislatures">National unicameral legislatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:National_lower_houses" title="Template:National lower houses">National lower houses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Taiwan&#124;link=Taiwan_Legislatures_of_the_Republic_of_China_(Taiwan)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Legislatures_of_Taiwan" title="Template:Legislatures of Taiwan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Legislatures_of_Taiwan" title="Template talk:Legislatures of Taiwan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Legislatures_of_Taiwan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Legislatures of Taiwan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Taiwan&#124;link=Taiwan_Legislatures_of_the_Republic_of_China_(Taiwan)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan"><img alt="Taiwan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Legislatures of the <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Republic of China (Taiwan)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Government of the Republic of China">Central Government</a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Legislative Yuan</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_municipality_(Taiwan)" title="Special municipality (Taiwan)">Special municipalities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taipei_City_Council" title="Taipei City Council">Taipei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taoyuan_City_Council" title="Taoyuan City Council">Taoyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taichung_City_Council" title="Taichung City Council">Taichung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Taipei_City_Council" title="New Taipei City Council">New Taipei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tainan_City_Council" title="Tainan City Council">Tainan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaohsiung_City_Council" title="Kaohsiung City Council">Kaohsiung</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Taiwan" title="Administrative divisions of Taiwan">Provinces</a><br /><i>(streamlined)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Province" title="Taiwan Province">Taiwan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Changhua_County_Council" title="Changhua County Council">Changhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiayi_City_Council" title="Chiayi City Council">Chiayi City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiayi_County_Council" title="Chiayi County Council">Chiayi County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hsinchu_City_Council" title="Hsinchu City Council">Hsinchu City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hsinchu_County_Council" title="Hsinchu County Council">Hsinchu County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hualien_County_Council" title="Hualien County Council">Hualien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keelung_City_Council" title="Keelung City Council">Keelung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miaoli_County_Council" title="Miaoli County Council">Miaoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nantou_County_Council" title="Nantou County Council">Nantou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penghu_County_Council" title="Penghu County Council">Penghu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pingtung_County_Council" title="Pingtung County Council">Pingtung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taitung_County_Council" title="Taitung County Council">Taitung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yilan_County_Council" title="Yilan County Council">Yilan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yunlin_County_Council" title="Yunlin County Council">Yunlin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Fuchien_Province,_Republic_of_China" title="Fuchien Province, Republic of China">Fuchien</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kinmen_County_Council" title="Kinmen County Council">Kinmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lienchiang_County_Council" title="Lienchiang County Council">Lienchiang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Notable former parliamentary body: <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Republic_of_China)" title="National Assembly (Republic of China)">National Assembly</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Provincial_Consultative_Council" title="Taiwan Provincial Consultative Council">Taiwan Provincial Consultative Council</a> was abolished. <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Control Yuan</a> was transformed to a non-parliamentary institution.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taiwan_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taiwan_topics" title="Template:Taiwan topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Taiwan_topics" title="Template talk:Taiwan topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Taiwan_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Taiwan topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Taiwan_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Taiwan-related_articles" title="Index of Taiwan-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="font-size:95%;"><div id="History" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Taiwan" title="History of Taiwan">History</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Taiwanese_history" title="Timeline of Taiwanese history">Timeline of Taiwanese history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_Taiwan" title="Prehistory of Taiwan">Prehistory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archaeological_sites_in_Taiwan" title="List of archaeological sites in Taiwan">archaeological sites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Chinese_contact_with_Taiwan" title="Early Chinese contact with Taiwan">Early Chinese contact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Middag" title="Kingdom of Middag">Kingdom of Middag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Formosa" title="Dutch Formosa">Dutch Formosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Formosa" title="Spanish Formosa">Spanish Formosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Tungning" title="Kingdom of Tungning">Kingdom of Tungning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Qing_rule" title="Taiwan under Qing rule">Taiwan under Qing rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Formosa" title="Republic of Formosa">Republic of Formosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_under_Japanese_rule" title="Taiwan under Japanese rule">Taiwan under Japanese rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Taiwan_(1945%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Taiwan (1945–present)">Republic of China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Retreat_of_the_Republic_of_China_to_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Retreat of the Republic of China to Taiwan">Retreat to Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanbi_policy" title="Guanbi policy">Guanbi policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Terror_(Taiwan)" title="White Terror (Taiwan)">White Terror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_law_in_Taiwan" title="Martial law in Taiwan">Martial law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_Policy_in_Taiwan%27s_White_Terror" class="mw-redirect" title="Language Policy in Taiwan's White Terror">Mandarin policy</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="font-size:95%;"><div id="Geography" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Taiwan" title="Geography of Taiwan">Geography</a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em">Overviews</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beaches_in_Taiwan" title="List of beaches in Taiwan">Beaches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Taiwan" title="List of cities in Taiwan">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Taiwan#Climate" title="Geography of Taiwan">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deforestation_in_Taiwan" title="Deforestation in Taiwan">Deforestation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Taiwan" title="List of earthquakes in Taiwan">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_endemic_species_of_Taiwan" title="List of endemic species of Taiwan">Endemic species</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_protected_species_in_Taiwan" title="List of protected species in Taiwan">Protected species</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_hot_springs" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese hot springs">Hot springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Taiwan" title="List of islands of Taiwan">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Taiwan" title="List of lakes of Taiwan">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Taiwan" title="List of mountains in Taiwan">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_parks_of_Taiwan" title="National parks of Taiwan">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Taiwan" title="List of rivers of Taiwan">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_scenic_areas_in_Taiwan" title="List of national scenic areas in Taiwan">Scenic areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Taiwanese_superlatives" title="List of Taiwanese superlatives">Superlatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Taiwan" title="List of volcanoes in Taiwan">Volcanoes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="font-size:95%;"><div id="GovernmentPoliticsEconomy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Government of the Republic of China">Government</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Taiwan" title="Politics of Taiwan">Politics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Taiwan" title="Economy of Taiwan">Economy</a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Government of the Republic of China">Government</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Taiwan" title="Politics of Taiwan">politics</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Yuan" title="Executive Yuan">Cabinet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Premier_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Premier of the Republic of China">Premier</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_Taiwan" title="Censorship in Taiwan">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_defense_in_Taiwan" title="Civil defense in Taiwan">Civil defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Constitution of the Republic of China">Constitution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Additional_Articles_of_the_Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Additional Articles of the Constitution of the Republic of China">Additional Articles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Taiwan" title="Elections in Taiwan">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Taiwan" title="Human rights in Taiwan">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Taiwan">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Bureau_(Taiwan)" title="National Security Bureau (Taiwan)">Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Taiwan" title="Law of Taiwan">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Taiwan" title="Law enforcement in Taiwan">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_Armed_Forces" title="Republic of China Armed Forces">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Taiwan" title="Military history of Taiwan">Military history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Yuan" title="Legislative Yuan">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="President of the Republic of China">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_(Taiwan)" title="Office of the President (Taiwan)">Office of the President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary-General_to_the_President_(Republic_of_China)" title="Secretary-General to the President (Republic of China)">Secretary-General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Vice President of the Republic of China">Vice President</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Taiwan" title="List of political parties in Taiwan">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_in_the_Republic_of_China" title="Propaganda in the Republic of China">Propaganda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Taiwan" title="Regions of Taiwan">Regions of Taiwan</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Taiwan" title="Administrative divisions of Taiwan">Administrative divisions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_municipality_(Taiwan)" title="Special municipality (Taiwan)">Special municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_(Taiwan)" class="mw-redirect" title="County (Taiwan)">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_city_(Taiwan)" title="Provincial city (Taiwan)">Cities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_administrative_divisions_of_Taiwan" title="List of administrative divisions of Taiwan">List of administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_in_Taiwan" title="List of metropolitan areas in Taiwan">Metropolitan areas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em">Political issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_Taiwan" title="Conscription in Taiwan">Conscription</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-Strait_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross-Strait relations">Cross-Strait relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_unification" title="Chinese unification">Chinese unification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_nationalism" title="Chinese nationalism">Chinese nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Chinese Taipei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dang_Guo" title="Dang Guo">Dang Guo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De-Sinicization" title="De-Sinicization">De-Sinicization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Taiwan" title="Foreign relations of Taiwan">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North%E2%80%93South_divide_in_Taiwan" title="North–South divide in Taiwan">North–South divide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Country_on_Each_Side" title="One Country on Each Side">One Country on Each Side</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_on_Taiwanese_identity" title="Opinion polling on Taiwanese identity">Opinion polling on Taiwanese identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Taiwan" title="Political status of Taiwan">Political status of Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_non-state-to-state_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Special non-state-to-state relations">Special non-state-to-state relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Chinas" title="Two Chinas">Two Chinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_nationalism" title="Taiwanese nationalism">Taiwanese nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_independence_movement" title="Taiwan independence movement">Taiwan independence movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Taiwan" title="Economy of Taiwan">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Taiwan" title="Agriculture in Taiwan">Agriculture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aquaculture_in_Taiwan" title="Aquaculture in Taiwan">Aquaculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floriculture_in_Taiwan" title="Floriculture in Taiwan">Floriculture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Taiwan" title="Automotive industry in Taiwan">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Taiwan" title="Banking in Taiwan">Banking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Taiwan" title="List of banks in Taiwan">List of banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_the_Republic_of_China_(Taiwan)" title="Central Bank of the Republic of China (Taiwan)">Central bank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Taiwan" title="List of companies of Taiwan">Companies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_companies_in_Taiwan" title="List of largest companies in Taiwan">Largest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprises_of_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="State-owned enterprises of Taiwan">State-owned enterprises</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defense_industry_of_Taiwan" title="Defense industry of Taiwan">Defense industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Taiwan_dollar" title="New Taiwan dollar">Dollar <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Taiwan" title="Economic history of Taiwan">Economic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Taiwan" title="Energy in Taiwan">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_Taiwan" title="Forestry in Taiwan">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_industries_of_Taiwan" title="Maritime industries of Taiwan">Maritime industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Taiwan" title="Mining in Taiwan">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor_industry_in_Taiwan" title="Semiconductor industry in Taiwan">Semiconductor industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Stock_Exchange" title="Taiwan Stock Exchange">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_Miracle" title="Taiwan Miracle">Taiwan Miracle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Taiwan" title="Taxation in Taiwan">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Taiwan" title="Telecommunications in Taiwan">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile_industry_in_Taiwan" title="Textile industry in Taiwan">Textile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Taiwan" title="Tourism in Taiwan">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Taiwan" title="Transportation in Taiwan">Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_Invoice_lottery" title="Uniform Invoice lottery">Uniform Invoice lottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Taiwan" title="Water supply and sanitation in Taiwan">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="font-size:95%;"><div id="National_SymbolsPeopleSocietyCulture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>National Symbols</li><li>People</li><li>Society</li><li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Taiwan" title="Culture of Taiwan">Culture</a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols" class="mw-redirect" title="National symbols">National symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Anthem_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="National Anthem of the Republic of China">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emblem_of_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Emblem of Taiwan">Emblem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China" title="Flag of the Republic of China">Flag</a> (<a href="/wiki/Proposed_flags_of_Taiwan" title="Proposed flags of Taiwan">proposed</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Flower_of_the_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="National Flower of the Republic of China">Flower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Seals_of_the_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="National Seals of the Republic of China">Seals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Taiwan" title="Demographics of Taiwan">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_people" title="Taiwanese people">Taiwanese people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_indigenous_peoples" title="Taiwanese indigenous peoples">Taiwanese indigenous peoples</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indigenous_peoples_of_Taiwan" title="List of Indigenous peoples of Taiwan">Ethnic groups</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Taiwanese" title="Han Taiwanese">Hans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hoklo_Taiwanese" title="Hoklo Taiwanese">Hoklos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakka_Taiwanese" class="mw-redirect" title="Hakka Taiwanese">Hakkas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waishengren" title="Waishengren">Waishengren</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Taiwan" title="Languages of Taiwan">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Formosan_languages" title="Formosan languages">Formosan languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amis_language" title="Amis language">Amis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atayal_language" title="Atayal language">Atayal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunun_language" title="Bunun language">Bunun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanakanavu_language" title="Kanakanavu language">Kanakanavu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavalan_language" title="Kavalan language">Kavalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paiwan_language" title="Paiwan language">Paiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puyuma_language" title="Puyuma language">Puyuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rukai_language" title="Rukai language">Rukai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saaroa_language" title="Saaroa language">Saaroa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saisiyat_language" title="Saisiyat language">Saisiyat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakizaya_language" title="Sakizaya language">Sakizaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seediq_language" title="Seediq language">Seediq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thao_language" title="Thao language">Thao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsou_language" title="Tsou language">Tsou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yami_language" title="Yami language">Yami</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinitic_languages" title="Sinitic languages">Sinitic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Mandarin" title="Taiwanese Mandarin">Mandarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Hokkien" title="Taiwanese Hokkien">Taiwanese Hokkien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Hakka" title="Taiwanese Hakka">Hakka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsu_dialect" title="Matsu dialect">Matsu dialect</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Sign_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese Sign Language">Sign Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Braille" title="Taiwanese Braille">Braille</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Taiwan" title="Architecture of Taiwan">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Taiwan" title="Crime in Taiwan">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organized_crime_in_Taiwan" title="Organized crime in Taiwan">Organized crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_trafficking_in_Taiwan" title="Sex trafficking in Taiwan">Sex trafficking</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Taiwan" title="Education in Taiwan">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Taiwan" title="Healthcare in Taiwan">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Taiwanese_inventions_and_discoveries" title="List of Taiwanese inventions and discoveries">Inventions and discoveries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Taiwan" title="Prostitution in Taiwan">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Taiwan" title="Public holidays in Taiwan">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_housing_in_Taiwan" title="Public housing in Taiwan">Public housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_Taiwan" title="Squatting in Taiwan">Squatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Taiwanese_superlatives" title="List of Taiwanese superlatives">Superlatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_studies" title="Taiwan studies">Taiwan studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waste_management_in_Taiwan" title="Waste management in Taiwan">Waste management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Taiwan" title="Women in Taiwan">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.75em"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Taiwan" title="Culture of Taiwan">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_animation" title="Taiwanese animation">Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_art" title="Taiwanese art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Taiwan" title="Cinema of Taiwan">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_cuisine" title="Taiwanese cuisine">Cuisine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_wine" title="Taiwanese wine">wine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_history_of_Taiwan" title="Cultural history of Taiwan">Cultural history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_drama" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese drama">Drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Taiwan" title="Gambling in Taiwan">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glove_puppetry" title="Glove puppetry">Glove puppetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_literature" title="Taiwanese literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Taiwan">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Taiwan" title="Music of Taiwan">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_opera" title="Taiwanese opera">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_markets_in_Taiwan" title="Night markets in Taiwan">Night markets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_in_Taiwan" title="Philosophy in Taiwan">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography_in_Taiwan" title="Photography in Taiwan">Photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Taiwan" title="Religion in Taiwan">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_in_Taiwan" title="Smoking in Taiwan">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Taiwan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports in Taiwan">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-Beauty" title="T-Beauty">T-Beauty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_wave" title="Taiwanese wave">Taiwanese wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_tea" title="Taiwanese tea">Tea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_tea_culture" title="Taiwanese tea culture">tea culture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourist_attractions_in_Taiwan" title="List of tourist attractions in Taiwan">Tourist attractions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> 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