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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Overview" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overview"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Overview</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Overview-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Overview subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Overview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fielding_substitutes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fielding_substitutes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Fielding substitutes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fielding_substitutes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_changes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_changes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Recent changes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_changes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Restrictions_on_returning_player" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Restrictions_on_returning_player"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Restrictions on returning player</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Restrictions_on_returning_player-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Injured_bowler" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Injured_bowler"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Injured bowler</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Injured_bowler-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tactical_substitute" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tactical_substitute"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tactical substitute</span> </div> </a> <ul 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<button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Replacement player in cricket</div> <p> A <b>substitute</b> in the sport of <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricket</a> is a replacement <a href="/wiki/Player_(game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Player (game)">player</a> that the umpires allow when a player has been injured or become ill, after the nomination of the players at the start of the game. The rules for substitutes appear in Law 24 of the <i><a href="/wiki/Laws_of_Cricket" title="Laws of Cricket">Laws of Cricket</a></i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Substitute_(cricket)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A substitute can act for the injured or ill player in the field, although they may not bowl, bat or act as captain, unless otherwise agreed by the <a href="/wiki/Role_of_a_cricket_captain" class="mw-redirect" title="Role of a cricket captain">captains</a>. A player may bat, bowl and field even if they have had a substitute for part of the game, though they need to wait for a period equal to their time off the field until they bat or bowl again. Substitutes are generally not listed in the official squad list, unless they were in the starting XI for other games in the wider squad, or were the twelfth player, as some forms of cricket have 12 players listed prior to the match, at which point one player is omitted from the match squad. However, this is not required under the laws, and the substitute can be anyone, providing the umpires approve the use of a substitute. This can lead to members of the crowd, on-site media or a team's coaching staff taking the role. One example being a New Zealand journalist who was following their tour of India in 1988, taking the field. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Substitute_(cricket)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The use of substitutes is known from the 18th century. In the report of a match on Monday, 5 September 1748, the role is termed a "seeker-out"; this was in the sense that <a href="/wiki/George_Smith_(cricketer,_died_1761)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Smith (cricketer, died 1761)">George Smith</a>, who was carrying an injury and had been granted a substitute fielder in previous matches, was denied one in this match.<sup id="cite_ref-ASW52_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASW52-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The practice of allowing substitutes was varied and inconsistent in the 19th century. In 1870, a match occurred between the MCC and Nottinghamshire. Substitutes were allowed early in this match, but this was condemned by the press, and by the conclusion of the match they were refused.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first-ever use of a substitute in <a href="/wiki/First-class_cricket" title="First-class cricket">first-class cricket</a> occurred in <a href="/wiki/The_University_Match_(cricket)" title="The University Match (cricket)">The University Match</a> between <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Cricket_Club" title="Oxford University Cricket Club">Oxford</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Cricket_Club" title="Cambridge University Cricket Club">Cambridge</a> in 1891, when <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Case_(cricketer,_born_1871)" title="Thomas Case (cricketer, born 1871)">Thomas Case</a> replaced <a href="/wiki/Frederic_Thesiger,_1st_Viscount_Chelmsford" title="Frederic Thesiger, 1st Viscount Chelmsford">Frederic Thesiger</a> in the Oxford XI, after Thesiger had injured himself while fielding on the first morning of the match.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fielding_substitutes">Fielding substitutes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Substitute_(cricket)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Fielding substitutes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A substitute is permitted to take catches as with any other fielder, and on some occasions does. The first occasion in <a href="/wiki/Test_cricket" title="Test cricket">Test cricket</a> was in the Test between <a href="/wiki/English_national_cricket_team" class="mw-redirect" title="English national cricket team">England</a> and <a href="/wiki/Australian_national_cricket_team" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian national cricket team">Australia</a> in <a href="/wiki/1884_English_cricket_season" title="1884 English cricket season">1884</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> when Australia's captain, <a href="/wiki/Billy_Murdoch" title="Billy Murdoch">Billy Murdoch</a>, took a catch from his teammate <a href="/wiki/Tup_Scott" title="Tup Scott">Tup Scott</a> while playing as a substitute for England. The highest number of catches by a substitute fielder in a Test match is four, a record shared by <a href="/wiki/Gursharan_Singh" title="Gursharan Singh">Gursharan Singh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Younis_Khan" title="Younis Khan">Younis Khan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virender_Sehwag" title="Virender Sehwag">Virender Sehwag</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jackson_Bird" title="Jackson Bird">Jackson Bird</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, substitute fielders' catches do not count towards individual stats. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_changes">Recent changes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Substitute_(cricket)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Recent changes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In recent years, there have been arguments made for cricket to allow substitutes in first-class games, as cricket forbids full substitutes for most injuries or tactical reasons. In 2019, concussion substitutes were allowed in Test matches and other international games for the first time.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arguments in favour of general substitutes have been made from a perspective of improving the game,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> coping with increasing injury rates due to the modern schedule,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to follow the lead of other sports in trying to manage concussion more responsibly<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to provide greater opportunities for players to gain experience in first-class cricket.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, there is an equally strong viewpoint that the nature of the first-class contest may be diminished<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a summary suggesting that although medical experts would recommend introduction of substitutes the majority of players are still not in favour.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Restrictions_on_returning_player">Restrictions on returning player</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Substitute_(cricket)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Restrictions on returning player"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When a player leaves the ground due to injury and is replaced by a substitute fielder, they are generally not permitted to return and immediately resume bowling (or batting if their team's innings commences while they are off the field). The injured player is required to spend a period back on the field at least equal to the time that they were absent before resuming bowling, or batting should a change of innings occur. Variations of the time periods required and the circumstances of the players return to the field apply in different forms of the game.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Injured_bowler">Injured bowler</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Substitute_(cricket)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Injured bowler"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>If a bowler is injured during an over and cannot complete it, another bowler must bowl the remaining deliveries. The bowler chosen to do so cannot be the bowler who bowled the previous over, and must not bowl the following over either. A substitute fielder may take the place of the injured bowler whilst they are off the field, but they may not bowl. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tactical_substitute">Tactical substitute</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Substitute_(cricket)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Tactical substitute"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2005, the <a href="/wiki/International_Cricket_Council" title="International Cricket Council">International Cricket Council</a> announced, as part of a package of changes to the playing conditions for <a href="/wiki/One_Day_International" title="One Day International">One Day Internationals</a> to be trialled over a ten-month period, that tactical substitutions would be permitted. Each team was to be allowed one substitute, who had to be named before <a href="/wiki/The_toss" class="mw-redirect" title="The toss">the toss</a> was made, and could be introduced at any stage of the match. The ODI series between <a href="/wiki/English_cricket_team" class="mw-redirect" title="English cricket team">England</a> and <a href="/wiki/Australian_cricket_team" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian cricket team">Australia</a> in July saw the first use of these new regulations, which did not apply to other forms of cricket such as <a href="/wiki/Test_cricket" title="Test cricket">Test matches</a>. </p><p>This change, however, was widely criticised by players, commentators, and fans. In particular, it was said to give the team that wins the toss an even greater advantage than usual.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2006 players and officials started to rebel against this controversial rule and a One Day International series between South Africa and Australia saw the players agree to boycott the rule. Just a few weeks later the International Cricket Council announced that the rule was being withdrawn, and it is no longer used. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2005_Ashes_Test_series" class="mw-redirect" title="2005 Ashes Test series">2005 Ashes Test series</a>, Australian captain <a href="/wiki/Ricky_Ponting" title="Ricky Ponting">Ricky Ponting</a> repeatedly complained that England were abusing the substitute system by bringing on specialist fielders in place of bowlers with poor fielding skills, which he argued was against the <a href="/wiki/Spirit_of_cricket" class="mw-redirect" title="Spirit of cricket">spirit of cricket</a>. English bowlers were frequently substituted at the end of bowling spells and temporarily replaced with fresh fielders. The England coach <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Fletcher" title="Duncan Fletcher">Duncan Fletcher</a> argued that these substitutions were either legitimate injuries or players "answering the call of nature" (i.e. using the toilet). The issue came to a climax in the 4th Test, when Ponting was <a href="/wiki/Run_out" title="Run out">run out</a> by substitute <a href="/wiki/Gary_Pratt" title="Gary Pratt">Gary Pratt</a>, causing him to angrily shout and gesticulate in the direction of the England dressing room. At the time, Pratt was on the field for bowler <a href="/wiki/Simon_Jones_(cricketer)" title="Simon Jones (cricketer)">Simon Jones</a> - who was nursing an ankle injury that proved to end his Test career after this match. Ponting was fined 75% of his match fee for dissent.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, the International Cricket Council tightened the regulations on the use of substitutions, saying "Substitute fielders shall only be permitted in cases of injury, illness or other wholly acceptable reasons... and should not include what is commonly referred to as a 'comfort break'".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Concussion_substitute">Concussion substitute</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Substitute_(cricket)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Concussion substitute"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the mid-2010s there were calls for concussion substitutes who could bat or bowl to be introduced, with increased awareness of the risks of continuing to play following a concussion.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> New Zealand introduced such a rule for their domestic limited-overs competitions, having had two concussion-related substitutions in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/England_and_Wales_Cricket_Board" title="England and Wales Cricket Board">England and Wales Cricket Board</a> introduced concussion replacements to English domestic competitions at the start of the 2018 season. The replacements can bat and bowl in place of a player with concussion or suspected concussion; match officials have to determine that the new player is a "like for like" replacement.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2019, the <a href="/wiki/International_Cricket_Council" title="International Cricket Council">International Cricket Council</a> (ICC) agreed to allow the use of concussion replacements in all international cricket matches from 1 August 2019, with substitute having to be a "like-for-like replacement" and approved by the Match Referee.<sup id="cite_ref-ICCJuly19_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICCJuly19-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ICC_Playing_Conditions">ICC Playing Conditions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Substitute_(cricket)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: ICC Playing Conditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1.2.8.1 In assessing whether the nominated Concussion Replacement should be considered a like-for-like player, the ICC Match Referee should consider the likely role the concussed player would have played during the remainder of the match, and the normal role that would be performed by the nominated Concussion Replacement.</li> <li>1.2.8.2 If the ICC Match Referee believes that the inclusion of the nominated Concussion Replacement, when performing their normal role, would excessively advantage their team, the Match Referee may impose such conditions upon the identity and involvement of the Concussion Replacement as he/she sees fit, in line with the overriding objective of facilitating a like-for-like replacement for the concussed player.</li></ul> <p><b>For example:</b> If <a href="/wiki/David_Warner_(cricketer)" title="David Warner (cricketer)">David Warner</a>, a pure batsman, is injured in a Test match and Australia name <a href="/wiki/Mitchell_Marsh" title="Mitchell Marsh">Mitchell Marsh</a>, an all-rounder, as his replacement, then the match-referee has the power to restrict Marsh from bowling in the match. </p><p>The rules were implemented for saving a team from having a disadvantage if one of their players suffers a concussion and is out from the match. The rules also restrict a player from taking unnecessary risks by putting their health on the line in a bid to help their team in a match. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Every circumstance is going to be different depending on when the player is requested to be replaced. If a bowler's injured and they've only got a batting innings left then the decision might be different to if the same player was injured and there was a bowling innings left. It's very much around the circumstances around the game and the referees will be given guidelines as will the teams how to interpret those, But it's very much around what is the likely role of the injured player for rest of the match and who is most like-for-like with the role that player will play. The match referee could put conditions on a player being involved. So, if there's an allrounder replacing a batter then he might put a condition that player is unavailable to bowl during the match. The referee has some flexibility to best accommodate a like-for-like replacement.</p></blockquote> <p>—<a href="/wiki/Geoff_Allardice" title="Geoff Allardice">Geoff Allardice</a>, ICC General Manager explained before <a href="/wiki/2019_Ashes_series" title="2019 Ashes series">2019 Ashes series</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_usage">First usage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Substitute_(cricket)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: First usage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first use of such a substitute was during the <a href="/wiki/2019_Ashes_series#Second_Test" title="2019 Ashes series">Second Test</a> at <a href="/wiki/Lord%27s" title="Lord's">Lord's</a> in the 2019 Ashes series between England and Australia, when <a href="/wiki/Steve_Smith_(cricketer)" title="Steve Smith (cricketer)">Steve Smith</a> was hit on the neck by a bouncer by <a href="/wiki/Jofra_Archer" title="Jofra Archer">Jofra Archer</a> in the first innings. He was later diagnosed as having suffered concussion and was ruled out of the remainder of the Test. <a href="/wiki/Marnus_Labuschagne" title="Marnus Labuschagne">Marnus Labuschagne</a> was named as the official replacement for Smith and came to bat on the final day of the Test.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 1, 2019, the <a href="/wiki/West_Indies_women%27s_cricket_team" title="West Indies women's cricket team">West Indies</a> player <a href="/wiki/Shabika_Gajnabi" title="Shabika Gajnabi">Shabika Gajnabi</a> became the first concussion substitute in women's cricket when she replaced <a href="/wiki/Chinelle_Henry" title="Chinelle Henry">Chinelle Henry</a>, who was concussed after hitting the advertising boards while fielding in an ODI game against <a href="/wiki/India_women%27s_national_cricket_team" title="India women's national cricket team">India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="COVID-19_substitute">COVID-19 substitute</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Substitute_(cricket)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: COVID-19 substitute"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In June 2020, the ICC approved a rule<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> providing that if a player was found <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> positive in the middle of a series they would be quarantined immediately, not allowed to take part in the remainder of the series, and would be replaced by a "like for like" substitute.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2020, in the opening round of the <a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%9321_Plunket_Shield_season" title="2020–21 Plunket Shield season">2020–21 Plunket Shield season</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ben_Lister" title="Ben Lister">Ben Lister</a> became the first COVID-19 replacement in a cricket match.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lister replaced <a href="/wiki/Mark_Chapman_(cricketer)" title="Mark Chapman (cricketer)">Mark Chapman</a>, who reported feeling unwell, in line with the updated <a href="/wiki/International_Cricket_Council" title="International Cricket Council">International Cricket Council</a> (ICC) playing conditions for a substitute due to COVID-19.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2022, in the second Test match <a href="/wiki/Bangladeshi_cricket_team_in_South_Africa_in_2021%E2%80%9322" title="Bangladeshi cricket team in South Africa in 2021–22">between South Africa and Bangladesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Glenton_Stuurman" title="Glenton Stuurman">Glenton Stuurman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Khaya_Zondo" title="Khaya Zondo">Khaya Zondo</a> replaced <a href="/wiki/Sarel_Erwee" title="Sarel Erwee">Sarel Erwee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wiaan_Mulder" title="Wiaan Mulder">Wiaan Mulder</a> as COVID-19 substitutes at the start of day 4 for South Africa.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, Khaya Zondo made his Test debut.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2022, <a href="/wiki/Oshada_Fernando" title="Oshada Fernando">Oshada Fernando</a> replaced <a href="/wiki/Angelo_Mathews" title="Angelo Mathews">Angelo Mathews</a> as a COVID-19 substitute for Sri Lanka during the second innings of the first test <a href="/wiki/Australian_cricket_team_in_Sri_Lanka_in_2022" title="Australian cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2022">against Australia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the second Test of the series, Fernando again replaced <a href="/wiki/Pathum_Nissanka" title="Pathum Nissanka">Pathum Nissanka</a> as a COVID-19 substitute for Sri Lanka.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Substitute_(cricket)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ASW52-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ASW52_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ashley-Cooper, <i>At the Sign of the Wicket</i>, 12 April 1900, p. 52.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMukherjee2016" class="citation web cs1">Mukherjee, Abhishek (25 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cricketcountry.com/articles/death-of-george-summers-when-cricket-at-lords-claimed-a-life-449024">"Death of George Summers: When cricket at Lord's claimed a life"</a>. <i>Cricket Country</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ESPNcricinfo&rft.atitle=Steven+Smith+withdrawn+from+Lord%27s+Test+due+to+concussion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2F_%2Fid%2F27412396%2Fsteven-smith-withdrawn-lord-test-due-concussion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASubstitute+%28cricket%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/110637/chinelle-henry-ruled-out-of-india-odis-with-concussion">"Chinelle Henry ruled out of India ODIs with concussion"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Cricbuzz" title="Cricbuzz">Cricbuzz</a></i>. 3 November 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cricbuzz&rft.atitle=Chinelle+Henry+ruled+out+of+India+ODIs+with+concussion&rft.date=2019-11-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cricbuzz.com%2Fcricket-news%2F110637%2Fchinelle-henry-ruled-out-of-india-odis-with-concussion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASubstitute+%28cricket%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/article/new-zealand-cricketer-ben-lister-becomes-first-covid-19-substitute/670010">"New Zealand cricketer Ben Lister becomes first COVID-19 substitut"</a>. <i>Times Now News</i>. 20 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Times+Now+News&rft.atitle=New+Zealand+cricketer+Ben+Lister+becomes+first+COVID-19+substitut&rft.date=2020-10-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesnownews.com%2Fsports%2Fcricket%2Farticle%2Fnew-zealand-cricketer-ben-lister-becomes-first-covid-19-substitute%2F670010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASubstitute+%28cricket%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesnownews.com/sports/cricket/article/covid-19-substitute-in-cricket-what-is-it-what-are-the-challenges-everything-we-know-so-far/602558">"COVID-19 substitutes in cricket: What is it, what are the challenges? Everything we know so far"</a>. <i>Times Now News</i>. 6 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Times+Now+News&rft.atitle=COVID-19+substitutes+in+cricket%3A+What+is+it%2C+what+are+the+challenges%3F+Everything+we+know+so+far&rft.date=2020-06-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesnownews.com%2Fsports%2Fcricket%2Farticle%2Fcovid-19-substitute-in-cricket-what-is-it-what-are-the-challenges-everything-we-know-so-far%2F602558&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASubstitute+%28cricket%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/_/id/30151633/plunket-shield-auckland-seamer-ben-lister-becomes-first-covid-19-replacement">"Auckland seamer Ben Lister becomes first Covid-19 replacement"</a>. <i>ESPN Cricinfo</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ESPN+Cricinfo&rft.atitle=Auckland+seamer+Ben+Lister+becomes+first+Covid-19+replacement&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2F_%2Fid%2F30151633%2Fplunket-shield-auckland-seamer-ben-lister-becomes-first-covid-19-replacement&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASubstitute+%28cricket%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icc-cricket.com/news/1869598">"Ben Lister becomes first 'COVID replacement' in cricket"</a>. <i>International Cricket Council</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Cricket+Council&rft.atitle=Ben+Lister+becomes+first+%27COVID+replacement%27+in+cricket&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icc-cricket.com%2Fnews%2F1869598&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASubstitute+%28cricket%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thesouthafrican.com/sport/cricket/proteas/breaking-drama-as-2-proteas-players-test-positive-for-covid-19-mid-test-bangladesh-csa-just-in-latest-cricket-news/">"BREAKING: Drama as 2 Proteas players test positive for Covid-19 mid-Test"</a>. <i>The South African</i>. 11 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+South+African&rft.atitle=BREAKING%3A+Drama+as+2+Proteas+players+test+positive+for+Covid-19+mid-Test&rft.date=2022-04-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thesouthafrican.com%2Fsport%2Fcricket%2Fproteas%2Fbreaking-drama-as-2-proteas-players-test-positive-for-covid-19-mid-test-bangladesh-csa-just-in-latest-cricket-news%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASubstitute+%28cricket%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news24.com/sport/cricket/proteas/mulder-erwee-test-positive-for-covid-19-as-khaya-zondo-earns-proteas-test-debut-20220411">"Mulder, Erwee test positive for Covid-19 as Khaya Zondo earns Proteas Test debut"</a>. <i>News24</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News24&rft.atitle=Mulder%2C+Erwee+test+positive+for+Covid-19+as+Khaya+Zondo+earns+Proteas+Test+debut&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news24.com%2Fsport%2Fcricket%2Fproteas%2Fmulder-erwee-test-positive-for-covid-19-as-khaya-zondo-earns-proteas-test-debut-20220411&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASubstitute+%28cricket%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/sl-vs-aus-1st-test-galle-2022-angelo-mathews-tests-positive-for-covid-19-and-withdrawn-from-galle-test-1322585">"Angelo Mathews out of Galle Test due to Covid-19"</a>. <i>ESPN Cricinfo</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ESPN+Cricinfo&rft.atitle=Angelo+Mathews+out+of+Galle+Test+due+to+Covid-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2Fsl-vs-aus-1st-test-galle-2022-angelo-mathews-tests-positive-for-covid-19-and-withdrawn-from-galle-test-1322585&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASubstitute+%28cricket%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espncricinfo.com/story/sl-vs-aus-2nd-test-2022-pathum-nissanka-out-of-second-test-with-covid-1324040">"Pathum Nissanka out of second test with Covid"</a>. <i>ESPN Cricinfo</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ESPN+Cricinfo&rft.atitle=Pathum+Nissanka+out+of+second+test+with+Covid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fstory%2Fsl-vs-aus-2nd-test-2022-pathum-nissanka-out-of-second-test-with-covid-1324040&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASubstitute+%28cricket%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Substitute_(cricket)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshley-Cooper1900" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/F._S._Ashley-Cooper" title="F. S. Ashley-Cooper">Ashley-Cooper, F. S.</a> (1900). <i>At the Sign of the Wicket: Cricket 1742–1751</i>. London: Cricket Magazine. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/28863559">28863559</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=At+the+Sign+of+the+Wicket%3A+Cricket+1742%E2%80%931751&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Cricket+Magazine&rft.date=1900&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F28863559&rft.aulast=Ashley-Cooper&rft.aufirst=F.+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASubstitute+%28cricket%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li></ul> <div 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style="width:1%">Fielding side</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bowling_(cricket)" title="Bowling (cricket)">Bowler</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pace_bowling" class="mw-redirect" title="Pace bowling">Pace bowler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spin_bowling" title="Spin bowling">Spin bowler</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wicket-keeper" title="Wicket-keeper">Wicket-keeper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wicket-keeper-batter" class="mw-redirect" title="Wicket-keeper-batter">Wicket-keeper-batter</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fielding_(cricket)" title="Fielding (cricket)">Fielder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_(cricket)" title="Slip (cricket)">Slip</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Substitute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Batting side</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even 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