CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>SNCF - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"8722dfa2-f0b4-46c4-89e5-a6bc07f2a5eb","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"SNCF","wgTitle":"SNCF","wgCurRevisionId":1282727798,"wgRevisionId":1282727798,"wgArticleId":87110,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using the Phonos extension","Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 French-language sources (fr)","CS1: unfit URL","CS1 errors: missing periodical","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use dmy dates from December 2015","Pages with French IPA","Pages including recorded pronunciations","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from December 2007","Articles with unsourced statements from August 2021","Commons category link is on Wikidata","SNCF","Eurostar","Railteam","Government-owned companies of France","Railway companies of France","Rail transport in France","French companies established in 1938","Railway companies established in 1938","French brands"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"SNCF","wgRelevantArticleId":87110,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":50000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q13646","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.styles":"ready","ext.phonos.icons":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.phonos.init","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.phonos.icons%2Cstyles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.23"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Carte_TGV.svg/1200px-Carte_TGV.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1267"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Carte_TGV.svg/960px-Carte_TGV.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="845"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="676"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="SNCF - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="auth.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-SNCF rootpage-SNCF skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=SNCF" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=SNCF" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=SNCF" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=SNCF" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Business_scope" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Business_scope"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Business scope</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Business_scope-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Business scope subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Business_scope-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-High-speed_rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#High-speed_rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>High-speed rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-High-speed_rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-SNCF_operations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#SNCF_operations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>SNCF operations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-SNCF_operations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Modern era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Design" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Design"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Design</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Design-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Codeshare_with_airlines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Codeshare_with_airlines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Codeshare with airlines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Codeshare_with_airlines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Company_structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Company_structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Company structure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Company_structure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Company structure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Company_structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Headquarters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Headquarters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Headquarters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Headquarters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Subsidiaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subsidiaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Subsidiaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subsidiaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Company_image" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Company_image"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Company image</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Company_image-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Visual_and_sound_identity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Visual_and_sound_identity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Visual and sound identity</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Visual_and_sound_identity-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Visual and sound identity subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Visual_and_sound_identity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Logotype" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Logotype"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Logotype</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Logotype-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sound_Identity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sound_Identity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Sound Identity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sound_Identity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Cinema" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cinema"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Cinema</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cinema-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TV_Show" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#TV_Show"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>TV Show</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-TV_Show-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">SNCF</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 47 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7)" title="الشركة الوطنية للسكك الحديدية (فرنسا) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الشركة الوطنية للسكك الحديدية (فرنسا)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_nationale_des_chemins_de_fer_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_nationale_des_chemins_de_fer_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_Nationale_des_Chemins_de_fer_Fran%C3%A7ais" title="Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%AA_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A2%D9%87%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%87" title="شرکت ملی راه‌آهن فرانسه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شرکت ملی راه‌آهن فرانسه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_nationale_des_chemins_de_fer_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%8A%A4_%EA%B5%AD%EC%9C%A0_%EC%B2%A0%EB%8F%84" title="프랑스 국유 철도 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프랑스 국유 철도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%A9%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A8%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Ֆրանսիայի ազգային երկաթուղային ընկերություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆրանսիայի ազգային երկաթուղային ընկերություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_nationale_des_chemins_de_fer_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_Nationale_des_Chemins_de_fer_Fran%C3%A7ais" title="Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_nationale_des_chemins_de_fer_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF_(%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7)" title="الشركه الوطنيه للسكه الحديد (فرنسا) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الشركه الوطنيه للسكه الحديد (فرنسا)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_Nationale_des_Chemins_de_fer_Fran%C3%A7ais" title="Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Société Nationale des Chemins de fer Français" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E5%9B%BD%E9%89%84" title="フランス国鉄 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フランス国鉄" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_nationale_des_chemins_de_fer_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%81" title="ایس این سی ایف – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ایس این سی ایف" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_nationale_des_chemins_de_fer_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_Nationale_des_Chemins_de_Fer_Fran%C3%A7ais" title="Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Français – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Français" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_nationale_des_chemins_de_fer_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%9F" title="แอ็สแอนเซแอ็ฟ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แอ็สแอนเซแอ็ฟ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="SNCF" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%81" title="ایس این سی ایف – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایس این سی ایف" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="法國國家鐵路公司 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="法國國家鐵路公司" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q13646#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/SNCF" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:SNCF" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/SNCF"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/SNCF"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/SNCF" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/SNCF" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&oldid=1282727798" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=SNCF&id=1282727798&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSNCF"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSNCF"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=SNCF&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/SNCF" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:SNCF" hreflang="en"><span>Wikinews</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q13646" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">National state-owned railway company of France</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Société nationale des chemins de fer français</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Carte_TGV.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Carte_TGV.svg/250px-Carte_TGV.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Carte_TGV.svg/500px-Carte_TGV.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1056" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Map of the French railways on which the <a href="/wiki/TGV" title="TGV">TGV</a> (high speed tracks: blue; normal tracks: black) and <a href="/wiki/Intercit%C3%A9s" title="Intercités">Intercités</a> (grey) SNCF trains run.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Redonne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/La_Redonne.jpg/250px-La_Redonne.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/La_Redonne.jpg/375px-La_Redonne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/La_Redonne.jpg/500px-La_Redonne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1440" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/TER_Provence-Alpes-C%C3%B4te_d%27Azur" title="TER Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur">TER PACA</a> service west of <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Saint-Denis,_Seine-Saint-Denis" title="Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis">Saint-Denis</a>, France</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Reporting_mark" title="Reporting mark">Reporting mark</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/TGV" title="TGV">TGV</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intercit%C3%A9s" title="Intercités">Intercités</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transport_express_r%C3%A9gional" title="Transport express régional">TER</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transilien" title="Transilien">Transilien</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ouigo" title="Ouigo">Ouigo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eurostar" title="Eurostar">Eurostar</a>, <a href="/wiki/TGV_Lyria" title="TGV Lyria">TGV Lyria</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Locale</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dates of operation</th><td class="infobox-data">1938–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Compagnie_des_chemins_de_fer_du_Nord" class="mw-redirect" title="Compagnie des chemins de fer du Nord">Compagnie des chemins de fer du Nord</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Administration_des_chemins_de_fer_d%27Alsace_et_de_Lorraine" title="Administration des chemins de fer d'Alsace et de Lorraine">Administration des chemins de fer d'Alsace et de Lorraine</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Compagnie_des_chemins_de_fer_de_Paris_%C3%A0_Lyon_et_%C3%A0_la_M%C3%A9diterran%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Compagnie des chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée">Compagnie des chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Compagnie_du_chemin_de_fer_de_Paris_%C3%A0_Orl%C3%A9ans" title="Compagnie du chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans">Compagnie du chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Chemins_de_fer_du_Midi" title="Chemins de fer du Midi">Compagnie des chemins de fer du Midi et du Canal latéral à la Garonne</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Compagnie_des_chemins_de_fer_de_l%27Est" class="mw-redirect" title="Compagnie des chemins de fer de l'Est">Compagnie des chemins de fer de l'Est</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Chemins_de_fer_de_l%27%C3%89tat" title="Chemins de fer de l'État">Administration des chemins de fer de l'État</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Technical</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Track_gauge" title="Track gauge">Track gauge</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap">1,435 mm</span> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="nowrap">4 ft <span class="frac">8<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> in</span>) and <span class="nowrap">1,000 mm</span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027" /><span class="nowrap">3 ft <span class="frac">3<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> in</span>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">29,273 km (18,189 mi)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Other</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.groupe-sncf.com/">www.groupe-sncf.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">Société nationale des chemins de fer français (SNCF)</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprise" title="State-owned enterprise">State-owned</a> <a href="/wiki/S.A._(corporation)" title="S.A. (corporation)">société anonyme</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tablissement_public_%C3%A0_caract%C3%A8re_industriel_et_commercial" title="Établissement public à caractère industriel et commercial">EPIC</a> between 1983 and 2019<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category">Rail transport</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1 January 1938<span class="noprint">; 87 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1 January 1938</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_France" title="Government of France">Government of France</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/Saint-Denis,_Seine-Saint-Denis" title="Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis">Saint-Denis</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">France</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Pierre_Farandou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Pierre Farandou (page does not exist)">Jean-Pierre Farandou</a> (president of SNCF Group)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>41.4 billion (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-AR22_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR22-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Earnings_before_interest_and_taxes" title="Earnings before interest and taxes">Operating income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>3.3 billion (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-AR22_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR22-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Net income</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>2.5 billion (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-AR22_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR22-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Asset" title="Asset">Total assets</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>133.0 billion (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-AR22_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR22-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">Total equity</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>27.6 billion (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-AR22_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR22-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Agence_des_participations_de_l%27%C3%89tat" title="Agence des participations de l'État">French state</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">270,296 (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-AR22_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR22-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Divisions">SNCF Réseau</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF_Gares_%26_Connexions&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SNCF Gares & Connexions (page does not exist)">SNCF Gares & Connexions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Voyageurs" title="SNCF Voyageurs">SNCF Voyageurs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurostar_Group" title="Eurostar Group">Eurostar Group</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_Logistics_Europe" title="Rail Logistics Europe">Rail Logistics Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hexafret&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hexafret (page does not exist)">Hexafret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captrain" class="mw-redirect" title="Captrain">Captrain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=VIIA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="VIIA (page does not exist)">VIIA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naviland_Cargo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naviland Cargo (page does not exist)">Naviland Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forwardis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forwardis (page does not exist)">Forwardis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geodis" title="Geodis">Geodis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keolis" title="Keolis">Keolis</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Société nationale des chemins de fer français</b> (<span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[sɔsjete<span class="wrap"> </span>nɑsjɔnal<span class="wrap"> </span>de<span class="wrap"> </span>ʃ(ə)mɛ̃<span class="wrap"> </span>d(ə)<span class="wrap"> </span>fɛʁ<span class="wrap"> </span>fʁɑ̃sɛ]</a></span>, <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">National Company of the French Railways</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>, <b>SNCF</b> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ɛsɛnseɛf]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/8\/80\/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Jules78120-SNCF.wav\/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Jules78120-SNCF.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"LL-Q150 (fra)-Jules78120-SNCF.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/80/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Jules78120-SNCF.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Jules78120-SNCF.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q150_(fra)-Jules78120-SNCF.wav" title="File:LL-Q150 (fra)-Jules78120-SNCF.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span>) is <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>'s national <a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprise" title="State-owned enterprise">state-owned</a> railway company. Founded in 1938, it operates the <a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_France" title="Rail transport in France">country's national rail traffic</a> along with that of <a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/TGV" title="TGV">TGV</a>, on France's high-speed rail network. Its functions include operation of railway services for passengers and freight (through its subsidiaries <a href="/wiki/SNCF_Voyageurs" title="SNCF Voyageurs">SNCF Voyageurs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rail_Logistics_Europe" title="Rail Logistics Europe">Rail Logistics Europe</a>), as well as maintenance and signalling of rail infrastructure (<a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Divisions">SNCF Réseau</a>). The railway network consists of about 35,000 km (22,000 mi) of route, of which 2,600 km (1,600 mi) are high-speed lines and 14,500 km (9,000 mi) electrified. About 14,000 trains are operated daily. </p><p>In 2010 the SNCF was ranked 22nd in France and 214th globally on the <a href="/wiki/Fortune_Global_500" title="Fortune Global 500"><i>Fortune</i> Global 500</a> list.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the main business of the SNCF Group, which in 2020 had €30 billion of sales in 120 countries.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The SNCF Group employs more than 275,000 employees in France and around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-Profil2016_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Profil2016-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since July 2013, the SNCF Group headquarters are located in a Parisian suburb at 2 Place aux Étoiles in <a href="/wiki/Saint-Denis,_Seine-Saint-Denis" title="Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis">Saint-Denis</a>. The president of SNCF Group has been <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Pierre_Farandou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Pierre Farandou (page does not exist)">Jean-Pierre Farandou</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Farandou" class="extiw" title="fr:Jean-Pierre Farandou">fr</a>]</span> since 2019. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Business_scope">Business scope</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Business scope"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="High-speed_rail">High-speed rail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: High-speed rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TGV_Duplex_Figueres.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/TGV_Duplex_Figueres.jpg/250px-TGV_Duplex_Figueres.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/TGV_Duplex_Figueres.jpg/330px-TGV_Duplex_Figueres.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/TGV_Duplex_Figueres.jpg/500px-TGV_Duplex_Figueres.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="684" /></a><figcaption>A high-speed train <a href="/wiki/TGV_Duplex" title="TGV Duplex">TGV Duplex</a> from the SNCF</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TGV_World_Speed_Record_574_km_per_hour.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/TGV_World_Speed_Record_574_km_per_hour.jpg/250px-TGV_World_Speed_Record_574_km_per_hour.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/TGV_World_Speed_Record_574_km_per_hour.jpg/330px-TGV_World_Speed_Record_574_km_per_hour.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/TGV_World_Speed_Record_574_km_per_hour.jpg/500px-TGV_World_Speed_Record_574_km_per_hour.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/V150_(train)" class="mw-redirect" title="V150 (train)">TGV 4402 operation V150</a> reaching 574 km/h (357 mph) on 3 April 2007 near <a href="/wiki/Le_Chemin,_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Chemin, France">Le Chemin</a></figcaption></figure> <p>SNCF operates almost all of France's railway traffic, including the <a href="/wiki/TGV" title="TGV">TGV</a> (<i>Train à Grande Vitesse</i>, meaning "high-speed train"). In the 1970s, the SNCF began the TGV high-speed train program with the intention of creating the world's fastest railway network. It came to fruition in 1981 with the completion of the first high-speed line <a href="/wiki/LGV_Sud-Est" title="LGV Sud-Est">LGV Sud-Est</a> ("Ligne à Grande Vitesse Sud-Est", meaning "southeast high-speed line"), where the first TGV service, from <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> to <a href="/wiki/Lyon" title="Lyon">Lyon</a>, was inaugurated. In 2017, the national rail network owned by SNCF Réseau had 28,710 km (17,839 mi) of lines, 58% of which were electrified and 2,640 high-speed lines. Every day, the SNCF runs 15,000 commercial trains and transports more than 5 million passengers and more than 250,000 tonnes of goods.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> TGV lines and TGV technology are now spread across several European countries. </p><p>The SNCF's TGV has set many world speed records, the most recent on 3 April 2007, when a new version of the TGV dubbed the <a href="/wiki/V150_(train)" class="mw-redirect" title="V150 (train)">V150</a> with larger wheels than the usual TGV, was able to cover more ground with each rotation and had a stronger 18,600-kilowatt (24,900-horsepower) engine, and broke the world speed record for conventional railway trains, reaching 574.8 km/h (357.2 mph). </p><p>The SNCF has a remarkable safety record. After nearly 30 years in operation, SNCF's TGV system has only experienced <a href="/wiki/Eckwersheim_derailment" title="Eckwersheim derailment">one fatal accident</a>, which occurred during pre-opening testing and not in regular operation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2011 SNCF in partnership with <a href="/wiki/Keolis" title="Keolis">Keolis</a>, unsuccessfully bid for the <a href="/wiki/InterCity_West_Coast" title="InterCity West Coast">InterCity West Coast</a> franchise.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2017 SNCF took a 30% shareholding in a joint venture with <a href="/wiki/Stagecoach_Group" title="Stagecoach Group">Stagecoach Group</a> and <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Group" title="Virgin Group">Virgin Group</a> to bid for the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_Partnership" title="West Coast Partnership">West Coast Partnership</a> that will operate services on the <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_Main_Line" title="West Coast Main Line">West Coast Main Line</a> from May 2020 and the <a href="/wiki/High_Speed_2" title="High Speed 2">High Speed 2</a> line from 2026.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2019 Stagecoach were banned from bidding for any franchises including the West Coast Partnership which has meant that Virgin and SNCF have now had to withdraw from the shortlist. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="SNCF_operations">SNCF operations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: SNCF operations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the 1990s, SNCF has been selling railway carriages to regional governments, with the creation of the Train Express Régional brand. SNCF also maintains a broad scope of <a href="/wiki/International_business" title="International business">international business</a> that includes work on freight lines, inter-city lines and commuter lines. SNCF experts provide logistics, design, construction, operations and maintenance services. SNCF operates the international ticketing agency <a href="/wiki/SNCF_Connect" title="SNCF Connect">SNCF Connect</a>, formerly oui.sncf/Voyages-sncf.com and <a href="/wiki/Rail_Europe,_Inc." title="Rail Europe, Inc.">Rail Europe</a>, previously <a href="/wiki/Raileurope.co.uk" title="Raileurope.co.uk">Loco 2</a>. </p><p>SNCF has employees in 120 countries offering extensive overseas and cross border consulting. Those projects include </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>: Assistance and Training. SNCF International provides assistance to <a href="/wiki/Israel_Railways" title="Israel Railways">Israel Railways</a> in every area of rail operations including projects to upgrade the network's general safety regulations. Other assistance and training programmes involve Infrastructure and the Traction Division.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>: Operations Training. SNCF supervised the prime contractor responsible for construction of the Taiwan Railways Administration's main high-speed rail line. It also trained rail traffic controllers, drivers, and crew members. On behalf of the Government of Taiwan, SNCF managed the high-speed railway Command Control Centre.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>: Maintenance. In 2007–2008, SNCF-International consultants audited the maintenance practices applied to the track, signalling and overhead electric power line on British high-speed rail lines connecting London to the <a href="/wiki/Channel_Tunnel" title="Channel Tunnel">Channel Tunnel</a>. In addition, it conducted an audit of the maintainer's performance from the service quality and cost control standpoint, made recommendations for improvements, and proposed a three-year Business Plan.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>: HSR Electrification Design. SNCF advised Korean Railroads on the electrification of tracks between Daegu and Busan and on linking existing conventional tracks to the new high-speed line. SNCF also assisted in selecting and inspecting high-speed <a href="/wiki/Rolling_stock" title="Rolling stock">rolling stock</a> and trained 400 senior manager, engineers, and executives in a broad range of skills, including signalling, catenaries, track, rolling stock maintenance, HSR operation, safety management, marketing, and passenger information systems. Until the end of 2009, SNCF assisted Korea in maintaining its high-speed.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>: Signalling System. SNCF partnered with ADIF (Spanish railway infrastructure provider) in the study, supply, installation, and maintenance of the standard EU railway signaling system along the Madrid-Lleida high-speed line. On behalf of the Spanish Government, SNCF designed and led maintenance operations on this line over a two-year period.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>: Lead Infrastructure and Rolling Stock Maintainer – The SNCF maintains 32,000 km (20,000 mi) of track, 26,500 main sets of points and crossings, 2,300 signal boxes, 80,000 track circuits, over 1 million relays, etc. It also maintains 3,900 locomotives and 500 high-speed trains. Each of SNCF's TGV trains travels more than 39,000 km (24,000 mi) a month – enough to circle the globe. Each year SNCF's Human Resources Department provides over 1.2 million hours of training to its over 25,000 employees.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>: Design, construction and operations for the <a href="/wiki/Al_Boraq" title="Al Boraq">Al Boraq</a> bullet train service between <a href="/wiki/Tangier" title="Tangier">Tangier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Casablanca" title="Casablanca">Casablanca</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BB67484-Amiens.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/BB67484-Amiens.JPG/250px-BB67484-Amiens.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/BB67484-Amiens.JPG/330px-BB67484-Amiens.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/BB67484-Amiens.JPG/500px-BB67484-Amiens.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2176" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Class_BB_67400" title="SNCF Class BB 67400">SNCF Class BB 67400</a> diesel locomotive at <a href="/wiki/Amiens_station" title="Amiens station">Amiens station</a></figcaption></figure> <p>SNCF was formed in 1938 with the <a href="/wiki/Nationalisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nationalisation">nationalisation</a> of France's main railway companies (<i>Chemin de fer</i>, literally, 'way of iron', means railway). These were the: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chemins_de_fer_de_l%27Est" title="Chemins de fer de l'Est">Chemins de fer de l'Est</a> (Est, <i>Eastern Railways</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemins_de_fer_de_l%27%C3%89tat" title="Chemins de fer de l'État">Chemins de fer de l'État</a> (État, <i>State Railways</i>; merged in 1908 with the <a href="/wiki/Chemins_de_fer_de_l%27Ouest" title="Chemins de fer de l'Ouest">Chemins de fer de l'Ouest</a>, <i>Western Railways</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemins_de_fer_du_Nord" title="Chemins de fer du Nord">Chemins de fer du Nord</a> (Nord, <i>Northern Railways</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemins_de_fer_de_Paris_%C3%A0_Lyon_et_%C3%A0_la_M%C3%A9diterran%C3%A9e" title="Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée">Chemins de fer de Paris à Lyon et à la Méditerranée</a> (PLM, <i>Paris, Lyon and Mediterranean Railways</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemins_de_fer_de_Paris_%C3%A0_Orl%C3%A9ans_et_du_Midi" title="Chemins de fer de Paris à Orléans et du Midi">Chemins de fer de Paris à Orléans et du Midi</a> (<i>Paris, Orléans and Southern Railways</i>; PO-Midi, formed in 1934 from the merger of the <a href="/wiki/Chemin_de_fer_de_Paris_%C3%A0_Orl%C3%A9ans" class="mw-redirect" title="Chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans">Chemin de fer de Paris à Orléans</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Chemins_de_fer_du_Midi" title="Chemins de fer du Midi">Chemins de fer du Midi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administration_des_chemins_de_fer_d%27Alsace_et_de_Lorraine" title="Administration des chemins de fer d'Alsace et de Lorraine">Administration des chemins de fer d'Alsace et de Lorraine</a> (AL, <i>Alsace-Lorraine Railways</i>)</li> <li>Syndicats du Chemin de fer de <a href="/wiki/Grande_Ceinture_line" title="Grande Ceinture line">Grande Ceinture</a> et de <a href="/wiki/Petite_Ceinture" class="mw-redirect" title="Petite Ceinture">Petite Ceinture</a> (<i>Great and Small Belt Railways</i>) in Paris and its suburbs.</li></ul> <p>The French state originally took 51% ownership of SNCF and invested large amounts of public subsidies into the system. Today, SNCF is wholly owned by the French state. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/French_resistance#Sabotage" class="mw-redirect" title="French resistance">French resistance § Sabotage</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Holocaust_train#France" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust train">Holocaust train § France</a></div> <p>Following the 1940 Armistice and until August 1944, SNCF was requisitioned for the transport of German armed forces and armaments. The invading German troops were responsible for the destruction of nearly 350 French railway bridges and tunnels. According to differing estimates, SNCF surrendered between 125,000 and 213,000 wagons and 1,000–2,000 locomotives.<sup id="cite_ref-Jones1984_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jones1984-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mierzejewski2000_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mierzejewski2000-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gare_de_Carpentras_-_quai.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Gare_de_Carpentras_-_quai.JPG/250px-Gare_de_Carpentras_-_quai.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Gare_de_Carpentras_-_quai.JPG/330px-Gare_de_Carpentras_-_quai.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Gare_de_Carpentras_-_quai.JPG/500px-Gare_de_Carpentras_-_quai.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>A SNCF <a href="/wiki/TER_Provence-Alpes-C%C3%B4te-d%27Azur" class="mw-redirect" title="TER Provence-Alpes-Côte-d'Azur">TER Provence-Alpes-Côte-d'Azur</a> train in <a href="/wiki/Carpentras" title="Carpentras">Carpentras</a></figcaption></figure> <p>France's railway infrastructure and rolling stocks were a target for the <a href="/wiki/French_Resistance" title="French Resistance">French Resistance</a> aimed at disrupting and fighting the German occupying forces.<sup id="cite_ref-RECITS_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RECITS-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Christofferson_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christofferson-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This allowed SNCF employees to perform many <a href="/wiki/Resistance_during_World_War_II" title="Resistance during World War II">acts of resistance</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Durand_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Durand-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the formation of the <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9sistance-Fer" title="Résistance-Fer">Résistance-Fer</a> movement in 1943. Nearly 1,700 SNCF railway workers were killed or deported for resisting <a href="/wiki/Nazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi">Nazi</a> orders.<sup id="cite_ref-figaro-shoah-regrets_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-figaro-shoah-regrets-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nytimes2011_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes2011-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 150 Résistance-Fer agents were shot for their acts of resistance, 500 of them were deported. Half of those deported died in concentration camps.<sup id="cite_ref-Ribeill_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ribeill-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>German occupying forces in France also requisitioned SNCF to transport nearly 77,000 Jews and other Holocaust victims to Nazi <a href="/wiki/Extermination_camp" title="Extermination camp">extermination camps</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Shaver_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shaver-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bankier2011_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bankier2011-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These deportations have been the subject of historical controversy and lawsuits (such as the <a href="/wiki/Alain_Lipietz#Court_challenge_to_SNCF" title="Alain Lipietz">Lipietz case</a>) in France as well as in the United States (where subsidiary <a href="/wiki/Keolis" title="Keolis">Keolis</a> is a transportation contractor) <a href="/wiki/Holocaust_train#France_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust train">to the present day</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nytimes2011_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nytimes2011-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1992 SNCF commissioned French academics to write a history of SNCF activities during World War II. The resultant report was published in 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>More recently, some sources have claimed that SNCF billed Nazi-occupied France for third-class tickets for Holocaust victims transported to extermination camps,<sup id="cite_ref-Gaurdian06_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gaurdian06-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBC07_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC07-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although passengers were transported in <a href="/wiki/Cattle_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Cattle car">cattle cars</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FirstPost_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FirstPost-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other sources have reported that after the <a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_France" title="Liberation of France">liberation of France</a> SNCF continued to seek payment for transporting Holocaust victims to Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-Gaurdian06_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gaurdian06-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYTimes03_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYTimes03-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, historian <a href="/wiki/Michael_Marrus" title="Michael Marrus">Michael Marrus</a> has written that claims that SNCF billed for third-class tickets and continued to seek payment after the war ended were made as part of a legal case brought against SNCF, and did not match with historians' understanding of what happened. Marrus argues that SNCF had no margin of maneuver during the German occupation and that the actions of SNCF employees were not ideologically motivated.<sup id="cite_ref-Bankier2011_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bankier2011-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Serge_and_Beate_Klarsfeld" class="mw-redirect" title="Serge and Beate Klarsfeld">Serge Klarsfeld</a>, president of the organization <a href="/wiki/Sons_and_Daughters_of_Jewish_Deportees_from_France" title="Sons and Daughters of Jewish Deportees from France">Sons and Daughters of Jewish Deportees from France</a>, SNCF was forced by German and Vichy authorities to cooperate in providing transport for French Jews to the border and did not make any profit from this transport.<sup id="cite_ref-Klarsfeld2012_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Klarsfeld2012-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2014, SNCF agreed to pay up to $60 million worth of compensation to Holocaust survivors in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It corresponds to approximately $100,000 per survivor.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the early 2000s, SNCF sought to get a contract from the state of <a href="/wiki/California_High-Speed_Rail" title="California High-Speed Rail">California for a bullet train</a> project between Los Angeles and San Francisco. SNCF recommended that the train take the most direct route between the two locations to reduce the complexity and cost of the project, but the SNCF's recommendations were cast aside by California politicians who wanted to divert the train through various communities, raising the cost and complexity of the project, as well as the expected travel time. SNCF pulled out of the project in 2011 and went to Morocco to help the country construct a bullet train service. By 2018, Morocco's bullet train started service while the California bullet train project was not close to being operational in 2022, with some saying that the project would never be completed.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2014, the company had discovered that 2,000 new trains they ordered at a cost of 15 billion euros are too wide for many of France's regional platforms. Construction work has started to reconfigure them.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 1 January 2015, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_Ferr%C3%A9_de_France" title="Réseau Ferré de France">Réseau ferré de France</a> (RFF) merged with <a href="/wiki/SNCF_Infra" title="SNCF Infra">SNCF Infra</a> and the Direction de la circulation ferroviaire (DCF) and became <i><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Divisions">SNCF Réseau</a></i>, the operational assets of SNCF became <i><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Mobilit%C3%A9s" class="mw-redirect" title="SNCF Mobilités">SNCF Mobilités</a></i>, and both groups were placed under the control of SNCF. </p><p>Jean-Pierre Farandou, the head of the state-owned railway operator, SNCF informed on 26 July 2024 that its high-speed rail network <a href="/wiki/Eurostar" title="Eurostar">Eurostar</a> suffered from multiple instances of coordinated <a href="/wiki/Sabotage" title="Sabotage">sabotage</a>, causing significant disruptions to train services. The incident occurred just hours before the opening ceremony of the <a href="/wiki/2024_Summer_Olympics" title="2024 Summer Olympics">Olympics</a>, which was considered a high-risk event. The affected lines were located in the western, northern, and eastern regions of <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, impacting not only domestic trains but also those travelling to neighboring <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> and <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> via the <a href="/wiki/Channel_Tunnel" title="Channel Tunnel">Channel Tunnel</a>. It was expected that roughly 800,000 travellers were impacted because of this arson attack on French railway networks.<sup id="cite_ref-malicious-acts_of_vandalism_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-malicious-acts_of_vandalism-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Arson_attack_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arson_attack-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-French_rail_network_hit_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-French_rail_network_hit-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Massive_attack_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massive_attack-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Design">Design</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Design"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BB15048-Amiens.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/BB15048-Amiens.JPG/250px-BB15048-Amiens.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/BB15048-Amiens.JPG/330px-BB15048-Amiens.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/BB15048-Amiens.JPG/500px-BB15048-Amiens.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2176" /></a><figcaption>A "broken nose" style of SNCF electric locomotive (<a href="/wiki/SNCF_Class_BB_15000" title="SNCF Class BB 15000">BB 15000</a>) designed by <a href="/wiki/Paul_Arzens" title="Paul Arzens">Paul Arzens</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The industrial designer <a href="/wiki/Paul_Arzens" title="Paul Arzens">Paul Arzens</a> styled many of SNCF's locomotives from the 1940s until the 1970s. A particularly distinctive type is the "broken nose" style of electric and diesel locomotives. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Codeshare_with_airlines">Codeshare with airlines</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Codeshare with airlines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SNCF <a href="/wiki/Code_sharing" class="mw-redirect" title="Code sharing">codeshares</a> with <a href="/wiki/Air_Austral" title="Air Austral">Air Austral</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_France" title="Air France">Air France</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_Tahiti_Nui" title="Air Tahiti Nui">Air Tahiti Nui</a>, <a href="/wiki/American_Airlines" title="American Airlines">American Airlines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cathay_Pacific" title="Cathay Pacific">Cathay Pacific</a>, <a href="/wiki/Middle_East_Airlines" title="Middle East Airlines">Middle East Airlines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emirates_(airline)" title="Emirates (airline)">Emirates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Etihad_Airways" title="Etihad Airways">Etihad Airways</a>, <a href="/wiki/Qatar_Airways" title="Qatar Airways">Qatar Airways</a>, and <a href="/wiki/SriLankan_Airlines" title="SriLankan Airlines">SriLankan Airlines</a>. In exchange, SNCF allows passengers on these flights to book railway services between <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle_Airport" title="Charles de Gaulle Airport">Charles de Gaulle Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Roissy-en-France" title="Roissy-en-France">Roissy</a> (near <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Gare_d%27Aix-en-Provence_TGV" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare d'Aix-en-Provence TGV">Aix-en-Provence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gare_d%27Angers-Saint-Laud" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare d'Angers-Saint-Laud">Angers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gare_d%27Avignon_TGV" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare d'Avignon TGV">Avignon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Bordeaux_Saint-Jean" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare de Bordeaux Saint-Jean">Bordeaux</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gare_du_Mans" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare du Mans">Le Mans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Lille_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare de Lille Europe">Lille</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Lyon-Part-Dieu" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare de Lyon-Part-Dieu">Lyon Part-Dieu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marseille-Saint-Charles_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Marseille-Saint-Charles Station">Marseille</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Montpellier-Saint-Roch" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare de Montpellier-Saint-Roch">Montpellier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Nantes" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare de Nantes">Nantes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gare_de_N%C3%AEmes" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare de Nîmes">Nîmes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Poitiers" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare de Poitiers">Poitiers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Rennes" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare de Rennes">Rennes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Strasbourg" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare de Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Tours" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare de Tours">Tours</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Valence_TGV" class="mw-redirect" title="Gare de Valence TGV">Valence</a> with their airline. The <a href="/wiki/IATA" class="mw-redirect" title="IATA">IATA</a> designator used by airlines in connection with these journeys is 2C.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2007)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Continental_Airlines" title="Continental Airlines">Continental Airlines</a> discontinued its codeshare with SNCF on 15 August 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Company_structure">Company structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Company structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Headquarters">Headquarters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Headquarters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Si%C3%A8ge_SNCF_Saint-Denis.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Si%C3%A8ge_SNCF_Saint-Denis.jpg/250px-Si%C3%A8ge_SNCF_Saint-Denis.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/a/ae/Si%C3%A8ge_SNCF_Saint-Denis.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="219" /></a><figcaption>Current head office in <a href="/wiki/Saint-Denis,_Seine-Saint-Denis" title="Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis">Saint-Denis</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SNCFHQParis.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/SNCFHQParis.JPG/250px-SNCFHQParis.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/SNCFHQParis.JPG/330px-SNCFHQParis.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/69/SNCFHQParis.JPG/500px-SNCFHQParis.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272" /></a><figcaption>The SNCF's former headquarters in the <a href="/wiki/Montparnasse" title="Montparnasse">Montparnasse</a> neighborhood</figcaption></figure> <p>Until 1999, the SNCF's historic headquarters was located at 88 <a href="/wiki/Rue_Saint-Lazare" title="Rue Saint-Lazare">Rue Saint-Lazare</a> in the <a href="/wiki/9th_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="9th arrondissement of Paris">9th arrondissement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HautLESeCHOS_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HautLESeCHOS-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1996 the chairman of SNCF, Louis Gallois, announced that SNCF would move its headquarters to a new location during the middle of 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1999 to 2013, SNCF's headquarters were located in the <a href="/wiki/Montparnasse" title="Montparnasse">Montparnasse</a> neighborhood of the <a href="/wiki/14th_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="14th arrondissement of Paris">14th arrondissement of Paris</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-legal_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-legal-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> located near the <a href="/wiki/Gare_Montparnasse" title="Gare Montparnasse">Gare Montparnasse</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HautLESeCHOS_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HautLESeCHOS-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since July 2013, the SNCF headquarters are located in the Parisian suburb of <a href="/wiki/Saint-Denis,_Seine-Saint-Denis" title="Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis">Saint-Denis</a> at 2, place aux Étoiles, 93200 <a href="/wiki/Saint-Denis,_Seine-Saint-Denis" title="Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis">Saint Denis</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The move was motivated by cutting operating costs by 10 million euros per year.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Divisions">Divisions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 1 January 2020 SNCF is a state-owned group consisting of a parent company (SNCF) with several independently operated subsidiaries: </p> <ul><li>SNCF Réseau (French for <i>SNCF Network</i>) – State-owned <a href="/wiki/Railway_infrastructure_manager" title="Railway infrastructure manager">railway infrastructure manager</a>; <ul><li>SNCF Gares & Connexions (French for <i>SNCF Stations & Connections</i>) – SNCF Réseau subsidiary responsible for the maintenance and renovation of the 3,000 stations on the French rail network;</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Voyageurs" title="SNCF Voyageurs">SNCF Voyageurs</a> (English: <i>SNCF Travelers</i>) – State-owned enterprise that operates trains in France and Europe, including the flagship <a href="/wiki/TGV_inOui" title="TGV inOui">TGV inOui</a> service, along with the low cost <a href="/wiki/Ouigo" title="Ouigo">Ouigo</a> TGV service, <a href="/wiki/Intercit%C3%A9s" title="Intercités">Intercités</a> traditional long-distance services, and <a href="/wiki/TER" class="mw-redirect" title="TER">TER</a> and <a href="/wiki/Transilien" title="Transilien">Transilien</a> regional services;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_Logistics_Europe" title="Rail Logistics Europe">Rail Logistics Europe</a>; <ul><li>Hexafret (former <i>Fret SNCF</i>) – rail freight services;</li> <li>Technis - rolling stock maintenance;</li> <li>Captrain – European rail freight network;</li> <li>VIIA, <a href="/wiki/Rolling_highway" title="Rolling highway">Rolling highway</a>;</li> <li>Naviland Cargo;</li> <li>Forwardis, <a href="/wiki/Freight_forwarder" title="Freight forwarder">freight forwarder</a>;</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Logistics" title="SNCF Logistics">Geodis</a> (98.4% owned by SNCF) – Private company that runs freight transportation logistics;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keolis" title="Keolis">Keolis</a> (70% owned by SNCF) – Private public transport operator that runs services in cities across the world including bus, metro, light rail, rental bikes, carparks, cable cars and airport services.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subsidiaries">Subsidiaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Subsidiaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%89p%C3%B4ne_gare_-_distributeur_de_billets.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/%C3%89p%C3%B4ne_gare_-_distributeur_de_billets.png/220px-%C3%89p%C3%B4ne_gare_-_distributeur_de_billets.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/%C3%89p%C3%B4ne_gare_-_distributeur_de_billets.png/330px-%C3%89p%C3%B4ne_gare_-_distributeur_de_billets.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/%C3%89p%C3%B4ne_gare_-_distributeur_de_billets.png/440px-%C3%89p%C3%B4ne_gare_-_distributeur_de_billets.png 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>A SNCF <a href="/wiki/Ticket_machine" title="Ticket machine">ticket machine</a> at the Épône-Mézières station</figcaption></figure> <p>SNCF has full or partial shares in a large number of companies, the majority of which are rail or transport related. These include:<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ERMEWA" class="mw-redirect" title="ERMEWA">ERMEWA</a> (100%)</li> <li>France Wagons (100%)</li> <li>SGW : Société de Gérance de Wagons (67.5%)</li> <li>CTC : Compagnie des Transports Céréaliers (69.36%)</li> <li>SEGI (98.96%)</li> <li>Naviland Cargo (94.37%) previously CNC Transports, Compagnie Nouvelle de Conteneurs.</li></ul> <p><i>General freight transport</i>: </p> <dl><dd><ul><li>C-<a href="/wiki/Modalohr" title="Modalohr">Modalohr</a> Express (51%)</li> <li>Novatrans (38.25%)</li> <li>Districhrono (100%)</li> <li>Ecorail (99.9%)</li> <li>Froidcombi (48.93%)</li> <li>Rouch Intermodal (98.96%)</li> <li>Sefergie (98.96%)</li> <li>EFFIA (99.99%)</li></ul></dd></dl> <p><i>Passenger transport </i> </p> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thalys_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Thalys International">Thalys International</a> (70%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurostar_International_Limited" title="Eurostar International Limited">Eurostar International</a> (55%)<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TGV_Lyria" title="TGV Lyria">Lyria</a> (74%): high-speed rail operator between France and Switzerland</li> <li>Rhealys SA (30%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keolis" title="Keolis">Keolis</a> (70%)<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Govia" title="Govia">Govia</a> (24.5%)<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouigo" title="Ouigo">Ouigo</a> (100%): low cost high-speed rail operator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouigo_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Ouigo España">Ouigo España</a> (100%): <a href="/wiki/Open-access_operator" title="Open-access operator">open-access</a> high-speed rail operator in Spain</li></ul></dd></dl> <p><i>Tickets</i> </p> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Connect" title="SNCF Connect">SNCF Connect</a> <i>(formerly oui.sncf)</i> (50.1%), the on-line travel agency of SNCF</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_Europe,_Inc." title="Rail Europe, Inc.">Rail Europe, Inc.</a> (50%) Bought from <a href="/wiki/British_Rail" title="British Rail">British Rail</a>.</li> <li>GLe-trade</li></ul></dd></dl> <p><i>Consulting</i> </p> <dl><dd><ul><li><a href="/wiki/AREP" title="AREP">AREP</a> (99.99%): architecture and urban design of stations and other railway facilities</li> <li>SNCF Consulting (100%)</li> <li>SNCF International (100%)</li> <li>Inexia</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SYSTRA" title="SYSTRA">SYSTRA</a> (35.87%): engineering for public transport</li></ul></dd></dl> <p><i>Housing</i> </p> <dl><dd><ul><li>ICF Habitat Novedis (100%): rental housing (social and private housing)</li></ul></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Company_image">Company image</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Company image"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to a TNS SOFRES survey published in 2010, 66% of French people have a good image of SNCF.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the end of 2019, this proportion was measured at 50% by the Posternak-Ifop barometer on the image of companies.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, Eight Advisory and IFOP unveil their ranking of the "most admired French companies": SNCF is in 23rd position.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Safety on <a href="/wiki/Trains" class="mw-redirect" title="Trains">trains</a> is also often a priority. To do this, around 2,800 railway workers form the Railway Security, the general supervision of SNCF, of which 50% of the workforce is assigned to the <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele-de-France" title="Île-de-France">Île-de-France</a> region. </p><p>Furthermore, the experts of the BCG, <a href="/wiki/Boston_Consulting_Group" title="Boston Consulting Group">Boston Consulting Group</a>, use to compare the rail systems in 25 European countries. They rank <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> in tied 4th position (with <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>), behind <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> and <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>. The criteria are : the utilization rate, quality of service and safety.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Visual_and_sound_identity">Visual and sound identity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Visual and sound identity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Logotype">Logotype</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Logotype"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SNCF's current visual <a href="/wiki/Logo" title="Logo">logo</a> was created in 2005 by the Carré Noir agency, a subsidiary of the <a href="/wiki/Publicis_Groupe" class="mw-redirect" title="Publicis Groupe">Publicis communication group</a>. It was slightly reworked in 2011: rounded corners, disappearance of shadows inside the letters as well as behind, and a clearer separation between them. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sound_Identity">Sound Identity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Sound Identity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The SNCF <a href="/wiki/Sound_logo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sound logo">sound logo</a> – the four notes C – G – A flat – E flat –, in a sung version,<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was created in 2005 by <a href="/wiki/Micha%C3%ABl_Boumendil" title="Michaël Boumendil">Michaël Boumendil</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/David_Gilmour" title="David Gilmour">David Gilmour</a>, guitarist of the group <a href="/wiki/Pink_Floyd" title="Pink Floyd">Pink Floyd</a>, used the jingle as the inspiration for the title track of his 2015 album <i><a href="/wiki/Rattle_That_Lock" title="Rattle That Lock">Rattle That Lock</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Simone Hérault has been the voice of SNCF since 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cinema">Cinema</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Cinema"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since the <a href="/wiki/Auguste_and_Louis_Lumi%C3%A8re" title="Auguste and Louis Lumière">Auguste and Louis Lumière</a>'s first film, SNCF has been the company that hosts the most film shoots in <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> between 50 and 60 shoots per year, which represents around two thirds of French productions.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A selection of iconic films where SNCF is at the heart of the matter include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mr._Bean%27s_Holiday" title="Mr. Bean's Holiday">Mr. Bean's Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission:_Impossible" title="Mission: Impossible">Mission: Impossible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Tourist_(2010_film)" title="The Tourist (2010 film)">The Tourist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Cabret" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugo Cabret">Hugo Cabret</a> <br /> (<a href="/wiki/Hugo_(film)" title="Hugo (film)">Hugo</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="TV_Show">TV Show</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: TV Show"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Killing_Eve" title="Killing Eve">Killing Eve</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/120px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:France" title="Portal:France">France portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/40px-Industry5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/60px-Industry5.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Companies" title="Portal:Companies">Companies portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:P_train.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/P_train.svg/40px-P_train.svg.png" decoding="async" width="31" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/P_train.svg/60px-P_train.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/P_train.svg/120px-P_train.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Trains" title="Portal:Trains">Trains portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_de_R%C3%A9gulation_des_Activit%C3%A9s_Ferroviaires" title="Autorité de Régulation des Activités Ferroviaires">Autorité de Régulation des Activités Ferroviaires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corail_(train)" title="Corail (train)">Corail (train)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirigisme" title="Dirigisme">Dirigisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_rail_transport_in_France" title="History of rail transport in France">History of rail transport in France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_companies" class="mw-redirect" title="List of French companies">List of French companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_SNCF_classes" title="List of SNCF classes">List of SNCF locomotive and multiple-unit classes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_SNCF_stations" title="List of SNCF stations">List of SNCF stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_express_r%C3%A9gional" title="Transport express régional">Transport express régional</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_France" title="Transport in France">Transport in France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_Ferr%C3%A9_National_(France)" title="Réseau Ferré National (France)">Réseau Ferré National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigny_to_Corbeil-Essonnes_line" title="Grigny to Corbeil-Essonnes line">Grigny to Corbeil-Essonnes line</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sncf.com/en/group/profile-and-key-figures/about-us/sncf-2020-new-group">SNCF was reorganized from three EPICs to a holding company effective 1 January 2020.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200411055916/https://www.sncf.com/en/group/profile-and-key-figures/about-us/sncf-2020-new-group">Archived</a> 11 April 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> The official name of the surviving holding company remains <i>Société nationale des chemins de fer français</i> with no "S.A." suffix applied.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AR22-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AR22_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR22_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR22_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR22_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR22_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AR22_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medias.sncf.com/sncfcom/finances/Publications_Groupe/sncf-group-annual-financial-report-2022.pdf">"SNCF Group Financial Report 2022"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. SNCF Group. 2 March 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230405012529/https://medias.sncf.com/sncfcom/finances/Publications_Groupe/sncf-group-annual-financial-report-2022.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 5 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SNCF+Group+Financial+Report+2022&rft.pub=SNCF+Group&rft.date=2023-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmedias.sncf.com%2Fsncfcom%2Ffinances%2FPublications_Groupe%2Fsncf-group-annual-financial-report-2022.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/global500/2010/countries/France.html">"Global 500 2010: Countries"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220616030725/https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/global500/2010/countries/France.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Global+500+2010%3A+Countries&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmoney.cnn.com%2Fmagazines%2Ffortune%2Fglobal500%2F2010%2Fcountries%2FFrance.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://medias.sncf.com/sncfcom/finances/Publications_Groupe/CP_Groupe_SNCF-Resultats_Annuels_2020.pdf">"RESULTATS ANNUELS 2020 – GROUPE SNCF"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in French). SNCF. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210803233219/https://medias.sncf.com/sncfcom/finances/Publications_Groupe/CP_Groupe_SNCF-Resultats_Annuels_2020.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 3 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RESULTATS+ANNUELS+2020+%E2%80%93+GROUPE+SNCF&rft.pub=SNCF&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmedias.sncf.com%2Fsncfcom%2Ffinances%2FPublications_Groupe%2FCP_Groupe_SNCF-Resultats_Annuels_2020.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Profil2016-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Profil2016_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDirection_de_la_Communication" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Direction de la Communication. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sncf.com/fr/portrait-du-groupe/un-groupe-de-service">"Profil et chiffres clés 2016"</a> (in French). SNCF. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180131191936/http://www.sncf.com/fr/portrait-du-groupe/un-groupe-de-service">Archived</a> from the original on 31 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Profil+et+chiffres+cl%C3%A9s+2016&rft.au=Direction+de+la+Communication&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sncf.com%2Ffr%2Fportrait-du-groupe%2Fun-groupe-de-service&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFL'observatoire_des_transports_et_de_la_mobilité" class="citation web cs1">L'observatoire des transports et de la mobilité. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.autorite-transports.fr/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/bilan_ferroviaire_2017_internet.pdf">"Le marché français du transport ferroviaire de voyageurs"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.autorite-transports.fr/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/bilan_ferroviaire_2017_internet.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 9 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Le+march%C3%A9+fran%C3%A7ais+du+transport+ferroviaire+de+voyageurs&rft.au=L%27observatoire+des+transports+et+de+la+mobilit%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.autorite-transports.fr%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F03%2Fbilan_ferroviaire_2017_internet.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130606094818/http://assets.dft.gov.uk/publications/intercity-west-coast-franchise/franchisebidders.pdf">Shortlisted Bidders for Greater Anglia and Intercity West Coast Rail Franchises</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot/Usurpations" title="Wikipedia:Link rot/Usurpations"><span title="The original domain has been hijacked for the purposes of spam, advertising, or or other fraudulent activity. The archive URL is encased in a usurped template to mitigate accidentally re-activating the underlying usurped URL, such as by converting to a CS1 or CS2 template. See template documentation.">usurped</span></a></i>]</sup> Department for Transport 24 March 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stagecoach.com/media/news-releases/2017/2017-04-25.aspx">Stagecoach and Virgin to join forces with SNCF for West Coast Partnership Bid</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170427095924/http://www.stagecoach.com/media/news-releases/2017/2017-04-25.aspx">Archived</a> 27 April 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Stagecoach 25 July 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/stagecoach-and-sncf-lead-virgin-branded-bid-for-hs2-operations.html">Stagecoach and SNCF lead Virgin-branded bid for HS2 operations</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170425162718/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/stagecoach-and-sncf-lead-virgin-branded-bid-for-hs2-operations.html">Archived</a> 25 April 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Railway_Gazette_International" title="Railway Gazette International">Railway Gazette International</a></i> 25 July 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jones1984-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jones1984_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJones1984" class="citation book cs1">Jones, Joseph (1984). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/politicsoftransp0000jone"><i>The Politics of Transport in Twentieth-Century France</i></a></span>. McGill Queens University Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/politicsoftransp0000jone/page/n134">115</a>–116. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0773504281" title="Special:BookSources/0773504281"><bdi>0773504281</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2012</span>. <q>SNCF railway transporting german troops.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Politics+of+Transport+in+Twentieth-Century+France&rft.pages=115-116&rft.pub=McGill+Queens+University+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0773504281&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpoliticsoftransp0000jone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mierzejewski2000-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mierzejewski2000_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMierzejewski2000" class="citation book cs1">Mierzejewski (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gY_o6_7TP98C&q=SNCF+railway+transporting+german+troops&pg=PA83"><i>The Most Valuable Asset of the Reich: A History of the German National Railway Volume 2, 1933–1945</i></a>. The university of North Carolina Press. p. 84. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0807825743" title="Special:BookSources/0807825743"><bdi>0807825743</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527003241/https://books.google.com/books?id=gY_o6_7TP98C&q=SNCF+railway+transporting+german+troops&pg=PA83#v=snippet&q=SNCF%20railway%20transporting%20german%20troops&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 27 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Most+Valuable+Asset+of+the+Reich%3A+A+History+of+the+German+National+Railway+Volume+2%2C+1933%E2%80%931945&rft.pages=84&rft.pub=The+university+of+North+Carolina+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0807825743&rft.au=Mierzejewski&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgY_o6_7TP98C%26q%3DSNCF%2Brailway%2Btransporting%2Bgerman%2Btroops%26pg%3DPA83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RECITS-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RECITS_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRibeill2002–2003" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ribeill, Georges (2002–2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150501043038/http://www.utbm.fr/media/pem/LivreNum_LesCahiersDeRECITSn2.pdf">"Obstétrique de guerre: Le cas de la SNCF (1939–1945)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Les Cahiers de Recits, Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Choix Industriels, Technologiques et Scientifiques</i> (in French). <b>2</b>. Belfort-Montbéliard: Université de Technologie Belfort-Montbéliard: <span class="nowrap">49–</span>61. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.utbm.fr/media/pem/LivreNum_LesCahiersDeRECITSn2.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 1 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Les+Cahiers+de+Recits%2C+Laboratoire+de+Recherche+sur+les+Choix+Industriels%2C+Technologiques+et+Scientifiques&rft.atitle=Obst%C3%A9trique+de+guerre%3A+Le+cas+de+la+SNCF+%281939%E2%80%931945%29&rft.volume=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E49-%3C%2Fspan%3E61&rft.date=2002%2F2003&rft.aulast=Ribeill&rft.aufirst=Georges&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.utbm.fr%2Fmedia%2Fpem%2FLivreNum_LesCahiersDeRECITSn2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Christofferson-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Christofferson_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChristoffersonChristofferson2006" class="citation book cs1">Christofferson, Thomas; Christofferson, Michael (2006). <i>France during World War II: From Defeat to Liberation</i>. New York: Fordham University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8232-2563-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8232-2563-7"><bdi>978-0-8232-2563-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=France+during+World+War+II%3A+From+Defeat+to+Liberation&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Fordham+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-8232-2563-7&rft.aulast=Christofferson&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.au=Christofferson%2C+Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Durand-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Durand_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDurand1968" class="citation book cs1">Durand, Paul (1968). <i>La SNCF pendant la guerre, sa résistance à l'occupant</i>. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+SNCF+pendant+la+guerre%2C+sa+r%C3%A9sistance+%C3%A0+l%27occupant&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Presses+Universitaires+de+France&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Durand&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-figaro-shoah-regrets-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-figaro-shoah-regrets_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLombard2011" class="citation news cs1">Lombard, Marie-Amélie (25 January 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/2011/01/24/01016-20110124ARTFIG00734-shoah-les-regrets-de-la-sncf.php">"Shoah : les "regrets" de la SNCF"</a>. <i>Le Figaro</i>. France. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110126182837/http://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/2011/01/24/01016-20110124ARTFIG00734-shoah-les-regrets-de-la-sncf.php">Archived</a> from the original on 26 January 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Figaro&rft.atitle=Shoah+%3A+les+%22regrets%22+de+la+SNCF&rft.date=2011-01-25&rft.aulast=Lombard&rft.aufirst=Marie-Am%C3%A9lie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lefigaro.fr%2Factualite-france%2F2011%2F01%2F24%2F01016-20110124ARTFIG00734-shoah-les-regrets-de-la-sncf.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nytimes2011-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes2011_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nytimes2011_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBaume2011" class="citation news cs1">Baume, Maïa De La (25 January 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/26/world/europe/26france.html">"French Railway Formally Apologizes to Holocaust Victims"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140330165147/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/26/world/europe/26france.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=French+Railway+Formally+Apologizes+to+Holocaust+Victims&rft.date=2011-01-25&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Baume&rft.aufirst=Ma%C3%AFa+De+La&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F01%2F26%2Fworld%2Feurope%2F26france.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ribeill-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ribeill_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRibeill2006" class="citation journal cs1">Ribeill, Georges (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Frhcf.534">"Résistance-Fer, du " réseau " à l'association"</a>. <i>Revue d'histoire des chemins de fer</i>. <b>34</b>: <span class="nowrap">53–</span>73. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Frhcf.534">10.4000/rhcf.534</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revue+d%27histoire+des+chemins+de+fer&rft.atitle=R%C3%A9sistance-Fer%2C+du+%22+r%C3%A9seau+%22+%C3%A0+l%27association&rft.volume=34&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E53-%3C%2Fspan%3E73&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Frhcf.534&rft.aulast=Ribeill&rft.aufirst=Georges&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.4000%252Frhcf.534&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shaver-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Shaver_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShaver2010" class="citation news cs1">Shaver, Katherine (7 July 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/07/06/AR2010070605169.html">"Holocaust group faults VRE contract"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0740-5421">0740-5421</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120331071237/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/07/06/AR2010070605169.html">Archived</a> from the original on 31 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Holocaust+group+faults+VRE+contract&rft.date=2010-07-07&rft.issn=0740-5421&rft.aulast=Shaver&rft.aufirst=Katherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2010%2F07%2F06%2FAR2010070605169.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bankier2011-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bankier2011_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bankier2011_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMarrus2011" class="citation book cs1">Marrus, Michael R. (2011). "Chapter 12 The Case of the French Railways and the Deportation of Jews in 1944". In Bankier, David; Michman, Dan (eds.). <i>Holocaust and Justice</i>. Berghahn Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9-65308-353-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-9-65308-353-0"><bdi>978-9-65308-353-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+12+The+Case+of+the+French+Railways+and+the+Deportation+of+Jews+in+1944&rft.btitle=Holocaust+and+Justice&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-9-65308-353-0&rft.aulast=Marrus&rft.aufirst=Michael+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCBC_News2006" class="citation news cs1">CBC News (7 June 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/french-railway-must-pay-for-transporting-family-to-nazis-1.575679">"French railway must pay for transporting family to Nazis"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029205941/http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/french-railway-must-pay-for-transporting-family-to-nazis-1.575679">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=French+railway+must+pay+for+transporting+family+to+Nazis&rft.date=2006-06-07&rft.au=CBC+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Ffrench-railway-must-pay-for-transporting-family-to-nazis-1.575679&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130202172513/http://39-45.sncf.com/content.php?id=2&deploy=2">"Faciliter la recherche historique"</a> (in French). SNCF. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://39-45.sncf.com/content.php?id=2&deploy=2">the original</a> on 2 February 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Faciliter+la+recherche+historique&rft.pub=SNCF&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F39-45.sncf.com%2Fcontent.php%3Fid%3D2%26deploy%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/jewish-world/u-s-bill-requires-french-rail-company-to-disclose-truth-of-its-holocaust-role-1.362955">"U.S. bill requires French rail company to disclose 'truth' of its Holocaust role"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i>. Associated Press. 20 May 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131219114159/http://www.haaretz.com/jewish-world/u-s-bill-requires-french-rail-company-to-disclose-truth-of-its-holocaust-role-1.362955">Archived</a> from the original on 19 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=U.S.+bill+requires+French+rail+company+to+disclose+%27truth%27+of+its+Holocaust+role&rft.date=2011-05-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fjewish-world%2Fu-s-bill-requires-french-rail-company-to-disclose-truth-of-its-holocaust-role-1.362955&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gaurdian06-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gaurdian06_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gaurdian06_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChrisafis2006" class="citation news cs1">Chrisafis, Angelique (7 June 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/jun/07/france.topstories3">"French state and SNCF guilty of collusion in deporting Jews"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527003229/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2006/jun/07/france.topstories3">Archived</a> from the original on 27 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=French+state+and+SNCF+guilty+of+collusion+in+deporting+Jews&rft.date=2006-06-07&rft.aulast=Chrisafis&rft.aufirst=Angelique&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2006%2Fjun%2F07%2Ffrance.topstories3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC07-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC07_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6499227.stm">"French railways win WWII appeal"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 27 March 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131110034322/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6499227.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 10 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=French+railways+win+WWII+appeal&rft.date=2007-03-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F6499227.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FirstPost-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FirstPost_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theweek.co.uk/politics/9909/sncf-airs-holocaust-regret-it-bids-florida-rail">"SNCF airs Holocaust regret as it bids for Florida rail | News | The Week UK"</a>. Thefirstpost.co.uk. 15 November 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029203429/http://www.theweek.co.uk/politics/9909/sncf-airs-holocaust-regret-it-bids-florida-rail">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=SNCF+airs+Holocaust+regret+as+it+bids+for+Florida+rail+%26%23124%3B+News+%26%23124%3B+The+Week+UK&rft.date=2010-11-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theweek.co.uk%2Fpolitics%2F9909%2Fsncf-airs-holocaust-regret-it-bids-florida-rail&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYTimes03-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYTimes03_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRiding2003" class="citation news cs1">Riding, Alan (20 March 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/20/international/europe/20PARI.html">"Nazis' Human Cargo Now Haunts French Railway"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131114133028/http://www.nytimes.com/2003/03/20/international/europe/20PARI.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Nazis%27+Human+Cargo+Now+Haunts+French+Railway&rft.date=2003-03-20&rft.aulast=Riding&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2003%2F03%2F20%2Finternational%2Feurope%2F20PARI.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Klarsfeld2012-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Klarsfeld2012_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSerge_Klarsfeld2012" class="citation web cs1">Serge Klarsfeld (26 June 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131202221852/http://www.memorialdelashoah.com/attachments/article/77/Serge_Klarsfeld_sen_judiciary_comm_sncf_washington_july_2012.pdf">"Analysis of Statements Made During the June 20, 2012 Hearing of the U.S. Senate Committee of the Judiciary"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Memorial de la Shoah</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.memorialdelashoah.com/attachments/article/77/Serge_Klarsfeld_sen_judiciary_comm_sncf_washington_july_2012.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Memorial+de+la+Shoah&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+Statements+Made+During+the+June+20%2C+2012+Hearing+of+the+U.S.+Senate+Committee+of+the+Judiciary&rft.date=2012-06-26&rft.au=Serge+Klarsfeld&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.memorialdelashoah.com%2Fattachments%2Farticle%2F77%2FSerge_Klarsfeld_sen_judiciary_comm_sncf_washington_july_2012.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDeYoung2014" class="citation news cs1">DeYoung, Karen (5 December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/france-to-compensate-american-holocaust-survivors/2014/12/05/9fd176c6-7c94-11e4-84d4-7c896b90abdc_story.html">"France to compensate American survivors of Holocaust"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210518153145/https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/france-to-compensate-american-holocaust-survivors/2014/12/05/9fd176c6-7c94-11e4-84d4-7c896b90abdc_story.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=France+to+compensate+American+survivors+of+Holocaust&rft.date=2014-12-05&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft.aulast=DeYoung&rft.aufirst=Karen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2Fnational-security%2Ffrance-to-compensate-american-holocaust-survivors%2F2014%2F12%2F05%2F9fd176c6-7c94-11e4-84d4-7c896b90abdc_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/ameriques/article/2014/12/05/etats-unis-paris-va-indemniser-les-victimes-de-la-shoah-transportees-par-la-sncf_4535530_3222.html">"Pour le rôle de la SNCF dans la Shoah, Paris va verser 100 000 euros à chaque déporté américain"</a>. <i>Le Monde.fr</i> (in French). 5 December 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210517142430/https://www.lemonde.fr/ameriques/article/2014/12/05/etats-unis-paris-va-indemniser-les-victimes-de-la-shoah-transportees-par-la-sncf_4535530_3222.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Pour+le+r%C3%B4le+de+la+SNCF+dans+la+Shoah%2C+Paris+va+verser+100+000+euros+%C3%A0+chaque+d%C3%A9port%C3%A9+am%C3%A9ricain&rft.date=2014-12-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fameriques%2Farticle%2F2014%2F12%2F05%2Fetats-unis-paris-va-indemniser-les-victimes-de-la-shoah-transportees-par-la-sncf_4535530_3222.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVartabedian2022" class="citation news cs1">Vartabedian, Ralph (9 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/09/us/california-high-speed-rail-politics.html">"How California's Bullet Train Went Off the Rails"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221009102347/https://www.nytimes.com/2022/10/09/us/california-high-speed-rail-politics.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=How+California%27s+Bullet+Train+Went+Off+the+Rails&rft.date=2022-10-09&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Vartabedian&rft.aufirst=Ralph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F10%2F09%2Fus%2Fcalifornia-high-speed-rail-politics.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-27497727">"French red faces over trains that are 'too wide'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 21 May 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180912005321/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-27497727">Archived</a> from the original on 12 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=French+red+faces+over+trains+that+are+%27too+wide%27&rft.date=2014-05-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-27497727&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-malicious-acts_of_vandalism-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-malicious-acts_of_vandalism_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWorld_Desk2024" class="citation news cs1">World Desk, TOI (26 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/europe/several-french-train-lines-hit-by-malicious-acts-disrupting-traffic-ahead-of-olympics/articleshow/112036279.cms">"Several french train lines hit by malicious acts disrupting traffic ahead of olympics"</a>. <i>Times Of India</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+Of+India&rft.atitle=Several+french+train+lines+hit+by+malicious+acts+disrupting+traffic+ahead+of+olympics&rft.date=2024-07-26&rft.aulast=World+Desk&rft.aufirst=TOI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fseveral-french-train-lines-hit-by-malicious-acts-disrupting-traffic-ahead-of-olympics%2Farticleshow%2F112036279.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arson_attack-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Arson_attack_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVidalon2024" class="citation news cs1">Vidalon, Dominique (26 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/vandals-target-frances-high-speed-rail-network-olympics-get-underway-2024-07-26/">"Arson attacks hit France's train network hours before Olympic ceremony"</a>. <i>Reuters</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Arson+attacks+hit+France%27s+train+network+hours+before+Olympic+ceremony&rft.date=2024-07-26&rft.aulast=Vidalon&rft.aufirst=Dominique&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fvandals-target-frances-high-speed-rail-network-olympics-get-underway-2024-07-26%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-French_rail_network_hit-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-French_rail_network_hit_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTessier2024" class="citation news cs1">Tessier, Benoît (26 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/sport/article/2024/jul/26/vandals-target-french-rail-network-olympics-opening-ceremony">"French rail network hit by arson attacks before Olympics opening ceremony"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=French+rail+network+hit+by+arson+attacks+before+Olympics+opening+ceremony&rft.date=2024-07-26&rft.aulast=Tessier&rft.aufirst=Beno%C3%AEt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fsport%2Farticle%2F2024%2Fjul%2F26%2Fvandals-target-french-rail-network-olympics-opening-ceremony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Massive_attack-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Massive_attack_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFROSSIGNOL2024" class="citation news cs1">ROSSIGNOL, PASCAL (26 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/france-massive-attack-on-fast-train-network/a-69771241">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Massive attack' on fast train network"</a>. <i>The DW</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+DW&rft.atitle=%27Massive+attack%27+on+fast+train+network&rft.date=2024-07-26&rft.aulast=ROSSIGNOL&rft.aufirst=PASCAL&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Ffrance-massive-attack-on-fast-train-network%2Fa-69771241&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101204152201/http://www.continental.com/web/en-us/content/company/alliance/sncf.aspx">"United Airlines - Airline Tickets, Vacations Packages, Travel Deals, and Company Information on united.com"</a>. Continental.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.continental.com/web/en-us/content/company/alliance/sncf.aspx">the original</a> on 4 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+Airlines+-+Airline+Tickets%2C+Vacations+Packages%2C+Travel+Deals%2C+and+Company+Information+on+united.com&rft.pub=Continental.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.continental.com%2Fweb%2Fen-us%2Fcontent%2Fcompany%2Falliance%2Fsncf.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HautLESeCHOS-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HautLESeCHOS_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HautLESeCHOS_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lesechos.fr/20/05/1999/LesEchos/17903-137-ECH_le-siege-haut-perche-de-la-sncf-a-montparnasse.htm">Le siège haut perché de la SNCF à Montparnasse</a>" (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074850/http://www.lesechos.fr/20/05/1999/LesEchos/17903-137-ECH_le-siege-haut-perche-de-la-sncf-a-montparnasse.htm">Archive</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot/Usurpations" title="Wikipedia:Link rot/Usurpations"><span title="The original domain has been hijacked for the purposes of spam, advertising, or or other fraudulent activity. The archive URL is encased in a usurped template to mitigate accidentally re-activating the underlying usurped URL, such as by converting to a CS1 or CS2 template. See template documentation.">usurped</span></a></i>]</sup>). <i><a href="/wiki/Les_%C3%89chos_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Les Échos (France)">Les Echos</a></i>. 20 May 1999. Page 54. Retrieved on 1 May 2010. "Pari tenu : réceptionné le 19 mars par Bouygues Immobilier et livré à son occupant dix jours plus tard, le nouveau siège de la SNCF est sorti de la gangue du grand ensemble de la gare Montparnasse, dans le 14e arrondissement de Paris, en quinze mois d'un chantier intense qui a mobilisé sur place jusqu'à 650 personnes. Quelque 800 postes de travail sont concernés sur les 2.500 qui gravitaient hier autour du siège historique de Saint-Lazare (9e arrondissement), consacrant la partition entre une direction générale resserrée et des services centraux pléthoriques."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19970614225922/http://www.sncf.fr/indexe.htm">Welcome to the SNCF server!</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot/Usurpations" title="Wikipedia:Link rot/Usurpations"><span title="The original domain has been hijacked for the purposes of spam, advertising, or or other fraudulent activity. The archive URL is encased in a usurped template to mitigate accidentally re-activating the underlying usurped URL, such as by converting to a CS1 or CS2 template. See template documentation.">usurped</span></a></i>]</sup>" SNCF. 3 June 1997. Retrieved on 28 April 2010. "88, Rue St Lazare 75009 PARIS."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029204501/http://www.humanite.fr/node/166369">La SNCF veut délocaliser son siège parisien</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot/Usurpations" title="Wikipedia:Link rot/Usurpations"><span title="The original domain has been hijacked for the purposes of spam, advertising, or or other fraudulent activity. The archive URL is encased in a usurped template to mitigate accidentally re-activating the underlying usurped URL, such as by converting to a CS1 or CS2 template. See template documentation.">usurped</span></a></i>]</sup>". <i><a href="/wiki/L%27Humanit%C3%A9" title="L'Humanité">L'Humanité</a></i>. 23 September 1996. Retrieved on 28 April 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-legal-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-legal_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.contravention-sncf.fr/static/html/popupLegalNotes_en.html">Legal information</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304105131/https://www.contravention-sncf.fr/static/html/popupLegalNotes_en.html">Archived</a> 4 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>." SNCF. Retrieved on 24 October 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bertrand, Philippe. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://business.lesechos.fr/directions-financieres/0202920716512-la-sncf-prend-ses-nouveaux-quartiers-a-saint-denis-8295.php">La SNCF prend ses nouveaux quartiers à Saint-Denis</a>" (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140911165142/http://business.lesechos.fr/directions-financieres/0202920716512-la-sncf-prend-ses-nouveaux-quartiers-a-saint-denis-8295.php">Archive</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot/Usurpations" title="Wikipedia:Link rot/Usurpations"><span title="The original domain has been hijacked for the purposes of spam, advertising, or or other fraudulent activity. The archive URL is encased in a usurped template to mitigate accidentally re-activating the underlying usurped URL, such as by converting to a CS1 or CS2 template. See template documentation.">usurped</span></a></i>]</sup>). <i><a href="/wiki/Les_%C3%89chos_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Les Échos (France)">Les Echos</a></i>. 29 July 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304173424/http://comment-devenirriche.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/rapport-financier-2008.pdf">"Rapport Financier"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in French). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rapport+Financier&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcomment-devenirriche.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2014%2F09%2Frapport-financier-2008.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eurostar.com/uk-en/about-eurostar/our-company/behind-the-scenes">"About Us | Behind The Scenes"</a>. <i>Eurostar</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090508110025/http://www.eurostar.com/UK/uk/leisure/about_eurostar/company_information/ownership_structure.jsp">Archived</a> from the original on 8 May 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eurostar&rft.atitle=About+Us+%7C+Behind+The+Scenes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurostar.com%2Fuk-en%2Fabout-eurostar%2Four-company%2Fbehind-the-scenes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140526090304/http://www.keolis.com/en/media-centre/press/news/in-detail/article/sncf-increases-its-shareh.html">"SNCF increases its shareholding in Keolis to accelerate the next phase of the company's development"</a>. <i>keolis.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.keolis.com/en/media-centre/press/news/in-detail/article/sncf-increases-its-shareh.html">the original</a> on 26 May 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=keolis.com&rft.atitle=SNCF+increases+its+shareholding+in+Keolis+to+accelerate+the+next+phase+of+the+company%27s+development&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.keolis.com%2Fen%2Fmedia-centre%2Fpress%2Fnews%2Fin-detail%2Farticle%2Fsncf-increases-its-shareh.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govia.info/news/govia-awarded-tsgn-franchise/">"Govia awarded TSGN franchise : Govia"</a>. <i>www.govia.info</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527003236/https://govia.info/news/govia-awarded-tsgn-franchise/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.govia.info&rft.atitle=Govia+awarded+TSGN+franchise+%3A+Govia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.govia.info%2Fnews%2Fgovia-awarded-tsgn-franchise%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lefigaro.fr/societes/2010/09/26/04015-20100926ARTFIG00098-les-francais-sont-plus-fiers-de-leurs-trains-que-les-allemands.php">"Les Français sont plus fiers de leurs trains que les Allemands |"</a>. <i>Le Figaro.fr</i> (in French). 26 September 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201127053834/https://www.lefigaro.fr/societes/2010/09/26/04015-20100926ARTFIG00098-les-francais-sont-plus-fiers-de-leurs-trains-que-les-allemands.php">Archived</a> from the original on 27 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Le+Figaro.fr&rft.atitle=Les+Fran%C3%A7ais+sont+plus+fiers+de+leurs+trains+que+les+Allemands+%7C&rft.date=2010-09-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lefigaro.fr%2Fsocietes%2F2010%2F09%2F26%2F04015-20100926ARTFIG00098-les-francais-sont-plus-fiers-de-leurs-trains-que-les-allemands.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lefigaro.fr/societes/a-l-oree-de-la-greve-du-5-decembre-l-image-de-la-sncf-s-ecroule-20191202">"A lo'rée de la grève du 5 décembre, l'image de la SNCF s'écroule |"</a>. <i>Le Figaro.fr</i> (in French). 2 December 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240527003136/https://www.lefigaro.fr/societes/a-l-oree-de-la-greve-du-5-decembre-l-image-de-la-sncf-s-ecroule-20191202">Archived</a> from the original on 27 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Le+Figaro.fr&rft.atitle=A+lo%27r%C3%A9e+de+la+gr%C3%A8ve+du+5+d%C3%A9cembre%2C+l%27image+de+la+SNCF+s%27%C3%A9croule+%7C&rft.date=2019-12-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lefigaro.fr%2Fsocietes%2Fa-l-oree-de-la-greve-du-5-decembre-l-image-de-la-sncf-s-ecroule-20191202&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lsa-conso.fr/le-commerce-domine-le-classement-des-entreprises-francaises-les-plus-admirees,362513">"Le commerce domine le classement des entreprises françaises les plus admirées |"</a>. <i>lsa-conso.fr</i> (in French). 25 October 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210417152355/https://www.lsa-conso.fr/le-commerce-domine-le-classement-des-entreprises-francaises-les-plus-admirees,362513">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lsa-conso.fr&rft.atitle=Le+commerce+domine+le+classement+des+entreprises+fran%C3%A7aises+les+plus+admir%C3%A9es+%7C&rft.date=2020-10-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lsa-conso.fr%2Fle-commerce-domine-le-classement-des-entreprises-francaises-les-plus-admirees%2C362513&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.alternatives-economiques.fr/gilles-raveaud/2018/04/03/la-sncf-parmi-les-meilleurs-reseaux-europeens">"La SNCF parmi les meilleurs réseaux européens |"</a>. <i>blogs.alternatives-economiques.fr</i> (in French). 3 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210225175341/https://blogs.alternatives-economiques.fr/gilles-raveaud/2018/04/03/la-sncf-parmi-les-meilleurs-reseaux-europeens">Archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=blogs.alternatives-economiques.fr&rft.atitle=La+SNCF+parmi+les+meilleurs+r%C3%A9seaux+europ%C3%A9ens+%7C&rft.date=2018-04-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.alternatives-economiques.fr%2Fgilles-raveaud%2F2018%2F04%2F03%2Fla-sncf-parmi-les-meilleurs-reseaux-europeens&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sncf.com/fr/identite/jingle">"Le jingle : l'histoire sonore de la marque SNCF | SNCF"</a>. <i>www.sncf.com</i> (in French). 9 April 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150409165440/http://www.sncf.com/fr/identite/jingle">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.sncf.com&rft.atitle=Le+jingle+%3A+l%27histoire+sonore+de+la+marque+SNCF+%7C+SNCF&rft.date=2015-04-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sncf.com%2Ffr%2Fidentite%2Fjingle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJDD" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">JDD, Le. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lejdd.fr/Style-de-vie/Portrait-de-Michael-Boumendil-designer-sonore-303201-3110228">"Le jingle de la SNCF, c'est lui!"</a>. <i>lejdd.fr</i> (in French). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210417144136/https://www.lejdd.fr/Style-de-vie/Portrait-de-Michael-Boumendil-designer-sonore-303201-3110228">Archived</a> from the original on 17 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lejdd.fr&rft.atitle=Le+jingle+de+la+SNCF%2C+c%27est+lui%21&rft.aulast=JDD&rft.aufirst=Le&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lejdd.fr%2FStyle-de-vie%2FPortrait-de-Michael-Boumendil-designer-sonore-303201-3110228&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/big-browser/article/2015/07/09/pour-david-gilmour-guitariste-de-pink-floyd-l-inspiration-est-venue-d-un-jingle-de-la-sncf_5991342_4832693.html">"Pour David Gilmour, guitariste de Pink Floyd, l'inspiration est venue d'un jingle de la SNCF"</a>. <i>Le Monde.fr</i> (in French). 9 July 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210201010950/https://www.lemonde.fr/big-browser/article/2015/07/09/pour-david-gilmour-guitariste-de-pink-floyd-l-inspiration-est-venue-d-un-jingle-de-la-sncf_5991342_4832693.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Le+Monde.fr&rft.atitle=Pour+David+Gilmour%2C+guitariste+de+Pink+Floyd%2C+l%27inspiration+est+venue+d%27un+jingle+de+la+SNCF&rft.date=2015-07-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Fbig-browser%2Farticle%2F2015%2F07%2F09%2Fpour-david-gilmour-guitariste-de-pink-floyd-l-inspiration-est-venue-d-un-jingle-de-la-sncf_5991342_4832693.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888933496787">"Figure 1.2. Productivity slowdown has been continuous since the 1970s"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1787%2F888933496787">10.1787/888933496787</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240322103828/https://statlinks.oecdcode.org/102017131P1G039.XLSX">Archived</a> from the original on 22 March 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Figure+1.2.+Productivity+slowdown+has+been+continuous+since+the+1970s&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1787%2F888933496787&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1787%2F888933496787&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lettreducheminot.fr/culture/portrait-philippe-laylle-monsieur-cinema-de-sncf/">"Portrait : Philippe Laylle, le monsieur cinéma de la SNCF |"</a>. <i>Lettre du cheminot.fr</i> (in French). 22 October 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210301000714/https://www.lettreducheminot.fr/culture/portrait-philippe-laylle-monsieur-cinema-de-sncf/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lettre+du+cheminot.fr&rft.atitle=Portrait+%3A+Philippe+Laylle%2C+le+monsieur+cin%C3%A9ma+de+la+SNCF+%7C&rft.date=2017-10-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lettreducheminot.fr%2Fculture%2Fportrait-philippe-laylle-monsieur-cinema-de-sncf%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lefigaro.fr/scope/articles-enquete/2009/02/24/08002-20090224ARTFIG00478-le-jackpot-des-lieux-de-tournage-a-paris-.php">"Le Jackpot des lieux de tournage à Paris |"</a>. <i>Le Figaro.fr</i>. 27 February 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210414052835/https://www.lefigaro.fr/scope/articles-enquete/2009/02/24/08002-20090224ARTFIG00478-le-jackpot-des-lieux-de-tournage-a-paris-.php">Archived</a> from the original on 14 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Le+Figaro.fr&rft.atitle=Le+Jackpot+des+lieux+de+tournage+%C3%A0+Paris+%7C&rft.date=2009-02-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lefigaro.fr%2Fscope%2Farticles-enquete%2F2009%2F02%2F24%2F08002-20090224ARTFIG00478-le-jackpot-des-lieux-de-tournage-a-paris-.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASNCF" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=SNCF&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:SNCF" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:SNCF">SNCF</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.groupe-sncf.com/">Website of SNCF</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="National_railway_companies_of_Europe476" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:National_railway_companies_of_Europe" title="Template:National railway companies of Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:National_railway_companies_of_Europe" title="Template talk:National railway companies of Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:National_railway_companies_of_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:National railway companies of Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="National_railway_companies_of_Europe476" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">National railway companies of Europe</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_railway_companies" title="List of railway companies">List of railway companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_by_country" title="Rail transport by country">Rail transport by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Railway_companies_by_country" title="Category:Railway companies by country">Railway companies by country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Abkhazia</i><sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/Abkhazian_railway" title="Abkhazian railway">AŽD/AA</a></li> <li><i>Albania</i> <a href="/wiki/Hekurudha_Shqiptare" title="Hekurudha Shqiptare">HSH</a></li> <li><i>Armenia</i><sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/South_Caucasus_Railway" title="South Caucasus Railway">YuKŽD/HKY</a></li> <li><i>Austria</i> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96BB" class="mw-redirect" title="ÖBB">ÖBB</a></li> <li><i>Azerbaijan</i><sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Railways" title="Azerbaijan Railways">ADY</a></li> <li><i>Belarus</i> <a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Railway" title="Belarusian Railway">BŽD/BČ</a></li> <li><i>Belgium</i> <a href="/wiki/National_Railway_Company_of_Belgium" title="National Railway Company of Belgium">NMBS/SNCB</a></li> <li><i>Bosnia and Herzegovina</i> <a href="/wiki/Railways_of_the_Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Railways of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">ŽFBH</a><sup><small>2</small></sup> <span style="font-size: 85%;">and</span> <a href="/wiki/Railways_of_Republika_Srpska" title="Railways of Republika Srpska">ŽRS</a><sup><small>3</small></sup></li> <li><i>Bulgaria</i> <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_State_Railways" title="Bulgarian State Railways">BDŽ</a></li> <li><i>Croatia</i> <a href="/wiki/Croatian_Railways" title="Croatian Railways">HŽ</a></li> <li><i>Czech Republic</i> <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cesk%C3%A9_dr%C3%A1hy" title="České dráhy">ČD</a></li> <li><i>Denmark</i> <a href="/wiki/DSB_(railway_company)" title="DSB (railway company)">DSB</a></li> <li><i>Estonia</i> <a href="/wiki/Eesti_Raudtee" title="Eesti Raudtee">EVR</a> / <a href="/wiki/Elron_(rail_transit)" title="Elron (rail transit)">Elron</a></li> <li><i>Finland</i> <a href="/wiki/VR_Group" title="VR Group">VR</a></li> <li><i>France</i> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">SNCF</a></li> <li><i>Georgia</i><sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/Georgian_Railway" title="Georgian Railway">GR</a></li> <li><i>Germany</i> <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn">DB</a></li> <li><i>Greece</i> <a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Railways_Organisation" title="Hellenic Railways Organisation">OSE</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Train" title="Hellenic Train">Hellenic Train</a></li> <li><i>Hungary</i> <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_State_Railways" title="Hungarian State Railways">MÁV</a></li> <li><i>Ireland</i> <a href="/wiki/Iarnr%C3%B3d_%C3%89ireann" title="Iarnród Éireann">IÉ</a></li> <li><i>Italy</i> <a href="/wiki/Ferrovie_dello_Stato_Italiane" title="Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane">FS</a></li> <li><i>Kazakhstan</i><sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan_Temir_Joly" title="Kazakhstan Temir Joly">QTJ</a></li> <li><i>Kosovo</i> <a href="/wiki/Trainkos" title="Trainkos">Trainkos</a></li> <li><i>Latvia</i> <a href="/wiki/Latvian_Railways" title="Latvian Railways">LDz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Vivi_(rail_transit)" title="Vivi (rail transit)">Vivi</a></li> <li><i>Lithuania</i> <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Railways" title="Lithuanian Railways">LTG</a> / <a href="/wiki/LTG_Link" title="LTG Link">LTG Link</a></li> <li><i>Luxembourg</i> <a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_Nationale_des_Chemins_de_Fer_Luxembourgeois" title="Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois">CFL</a></li> <li><i>Moldova</i> <a href="/wiki/Calea_Ferat%C4%83_din_Moldova" title="Calea Ferată din Moldova">CFM</a></li> <li><i>Montenegro</i> <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljezni%C4%8Dki_prevoz_Crne_Gore" title="Željeznički prevoz Crne Gore">ŽPCG</a></li> <li><i>Netherlands</i> <a href="/wiki/Nederlandse_Spoorwegen" title="Nederlandse Spoorwegen">NS</a></li> <li><i>North Macedonia</i> <a href="/wiki/Makedonski_%C5%BDeleznici" title="Makedonski Železnici">MŽ</a></li> <li><i>Norway</i> <a href="/wiki/Vy" title="Vy">Vy</a></li> <li><i>Poland</i> <a href="/wiki/Polish_State_Railways" title="Polish State Railways">PKP</a></li> <li><i>Portugal</i> <a href="/wiki/Comboios_de_Portugal" title="Comboios de Portugal">CP</a></li> <li><i>Romania</i> <a href="/wiki/C%C4%83ile_Ferate_Rom%C3%A2ne" title="Căile Ferate Române">CFR</a></li> <li><i>Russia</i><sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/Russian_Railways" title="Russian Railways">RŽD</a></li> <li><i>Serbia</i> <a href="/wiki/Serbian_Railways" title="Serbian Railways">ŽS</a>, <a href="/wiki/Srbijavoz" title="Srbijavoz">Srbijavoz</a></li> <li><i>Slovakia</i> <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDelezni%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_spolo%C4%8Dnos%C5%A5_Slovensko" title="Železničná spoločnosť Slovensko">ŽSSK</a></li> <li><i>Slovenia</i> <a href="/wiki/Slovenian_Railways" title="Slovenian Railways">SŽ</a></li> <li><i>Spain</i> <a href="/wiki/Renfe" title="Renfe">Renfe</a></li> <li><i>Sweden</i> <a href="/wiki/SJ_AB" title="SJ AB">SJ</a></li> <li><i>Switzerland</i> <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Federal_Railways" title="Swiss Federal Railways">SBB CFF FFS</a></li> <li><i>Transnistria</i> <a href="/wiki/Transnistrian_Railway" title="Transnistrian Railway">PŽD/PZ/CFN</a></li> <li><i>Turkey</i><sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/Turkish_State_Railways" title="Turkish State Railways">TCDD</a> / <a href="/wiki/TCDD_Transport" title="TCDD Transport">Taşımacılık</a></li> <li><i>Ukraine</i> <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Railways" title="Ukrainian Railways">UZ</a></li> <li><i>United Kingdom</i> <a href="/wiki/National_Rail" title="National Rail">NR</a><sup><small>4</small></sup> <span style="font-size: 85%;">and</span> <a href="/wiki/NI_Railways" title="NI Railways">NIR</a><sup><small>5</small></sup><br /></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup><small>1</small></sup>Country partly in Asia</li> <li><sup><small>2</small></sup>For the <a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Federation B&H</a></li> <li><sup><small>3</small></sup>For <a href="/wiki/Republika_Srpska" title="Republika Srpska">Republika Srpska</a></li> <li><sup><small>4</small></sup>For <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain</a></li> <li><sup><small>5</small></sup>For <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="SNCF50" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SNCF_Group" title="Template:SNCF Group"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SNCF_Group" title="Template talk:SNCF Group"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SNCF_Group" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SNCF Group"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="SNCF50" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">SNCF</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries and brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AREP" title="AREP">AREP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurostar_Group" title="Eurostar Group">Eurostar Group</a> (55.75%) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurostar" title="Eurostar">Eurostar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TGV_inOui" title="TGV inOui">TGV inOui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keolis" title="Keolis">Keolis</a> (70%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geodis" title="Geodis">Geodis</a> (formerly <a href="/wiki/SNCF_Logistics" title="SNCF Logistics">SNCF Logistics</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouigo" title="Ouigo">Ouigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ouigo_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Ouigo España">Ouigo España</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raileurope.co.uk" title="Raileurope.co.uk">Raileurope.co.uk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Connect" title="SNCF Connect">SNCF Connect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_Logistics_Europe" title="Rail Logistics Europe">Rail Logistics Europe</a> (formerly <a href="/wiki/SNCF_Logistics" title="SNCF Logistics">SNCF Logistics</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Captrain_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Captrain España">Captrain España</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captrain_France" title="Captrain France">Captrain France</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systra" class="mw-redirect" title="Systra">Systra</a> (20%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TGV_Lyria" title="TGV Lyria">TGV Lyria</a> (74%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WESTbahn" title="WESTbahn">WESTbahn</a> (17%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elipsos" title="Elipsos">Elipsos</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlaBlaBus" class="mw-redirect" title="BlaBlaBus">Ouibus</a> (95%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Sea France">Sea France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Infra" title="SNCF Infra">SNCF Infra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13646#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1453" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13646#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1453" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13646#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121654853">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/136754690">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/142924767">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1040663-3">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50075286">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11865551d">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11865551d">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90683512">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007307220005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Société nationale des chemins de fer français"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA02829983?l=en">CiNii</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/161491057">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SNCF&oldid=1282727798">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SNCF&oldid=1282727798</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:SNCF" title="Category:SNCF">SNCF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Eurostar" title="Category:Eurostar">Eurostar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Railteam" title="Category:Railteam">Railteam</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Government-owned_companies_of_France" title="Category:Government-owned companies of France">Government-owned companies of France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Railway_companies_of_France" title="Category:Railway companies of France">Railway companies of France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rail_transport_in_France" title="Category:Rail transport in France">Rail transport in France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_companies_established_in_1938" title="Category:French companies established in 1938">French companies established in 1938</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Railway_companies_established_in_1938" title="Category:Railway companies established in 1938">Railway companies established in 1938</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:French_brands" title="Category:French brands">French brands</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_Phonos_extension" title="Category:Pages using the Phonos extension">Pages using the Phonos extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)">CS1 French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1: unfit URL">CS1: unfit URL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_missing_periodical" title="Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical">CS1 errors: missing periodical</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_December_2015" title="Category:Use dmy dates from December 2015">Use dmy dates from December 2015</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_French_IPA" title="Category:Pages with French IPA">Pages with French IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_including_recorded_pronunciations" title="Category:Pages including recorded pronunciations">Pages including recorded pronunciations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_December_2007" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2007">Articles with unsourced statements from December 2007</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_August_2021" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from August 2021">Articles with unsourced statements from August 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_is_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link is on Wikidata">Commons category link is on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 28 March 2025, at 07:01<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=SNCF&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">SNCF</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>47 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-8b59d5688-k5drv","wgBackendResponseTime":185,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.978","walltime":"1.265","ppvisitednodes":{"value":6482,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":172779,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":11293,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":14,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":11,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":207501,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":500},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1096.284 1 -total"," 34.58% 379.075 1 Template:Reflist"," 17.80% 195.131 2 Template:Infobox"," 13.19% 144.603 19 Template:Cite_web"," 12.65% 138.690 2 Template:IPA"," 9.76% 106.973 1 Template:Infobox_company"," 9.59% 105.113 1 Template:Infobox_rail"," 7.85% 86.034 19 Template:Cite_news"," 7.25% 79.460 1 Template:National_railway_companies_of_Europe"," 7.12% 78.056 2 Template:Navbox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.651","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":27311209,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-8b59d5688-m6q4s","timestamp":"20250408141722","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"SNCF","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/SNCF","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q13646","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q13646","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-09-18T06:32:55Z","dateModified":"2025-03-28T07:01:51Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/57\/Carte_TGV.svg","headline":"national state-owned railway company of France"}</script> </body> </html>