CINXE.COM
Chemical Evolution and the Origin of Life - Horst Rauchfuss - Google Books
<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>Chemical Evolution and the Origin of Life - Horst Rauchfuss - Google Books</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/books/css/_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb/kl_viewport_kennedy_full_bundle.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet"href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Product+Sans:wght@400"><script src="/books/javascript/v2_a33f2a89320471e58c940b9287b9d4eb__en.js"></script><script>_OC_Hooks = ["_OC_Page", "_OC_SearchReload", "_OC_TocReload", "_OC_EmptyFunc", "_OC_SearchPage", "_OC_QuotePage" ];for (var _OC_i = 0; _OC_i < _OC_Hooks.length; _OC_i++) {eval("var " + _OC_Hooks[_OC_i] + ";");}function _OC_InitHooks () {for (var i = 0; i < _OC_Hooks.length; i++) {var func = arguments[i];eval( _OC_Hooks[i] + " = func;");}}</script><link rel="canonical" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/Chemical_Evolution_and_the_Origin_of_Lif.html?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://books.google.com/books/about/Chemical_Evolution_and_the_Origin_of_Lif.html?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC"/><meta name="title" content="Chemical Evolution and the Origin of Life"/><meta name="description" content="How did life begin on the early Earth? We know that life today is driven by the universal laws of chemistry and physics. By applying these laws over the past ?fty years, en- mous progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms that are the foundations of the living state. For instance, just a decade ago, the ?rst human genome was published, all three billion base pairs. Using X-ray diffraction data from crystals, we can see how an enzyme molecule or a photosynthetic reaction center steps through its catalytic function. We can even visualize a ribosome, central to all life, translate - netic information into a protein. And we are just beginning to understand how molecular interactions regulate thousands of simultaneous reactions that continuously occur even in the simplest forms of life. New words have appeared that give a sense of this wealth of knowledge: The genome, the proteome, the metabolome, the interactome. But we can鈥檛 be too smug. We must avoid the mistake of the physicist who, as the twentieth century began, stated con?dently that we knew all there was to know about physics, that science just needed to clean up a few dusty corners. Then came relativity, quantum theory, the Big Bang, and now dark matter, dark energy and string theory. Similarly in the life sciences, the more we learn, the better we understand how little we really know. There remains a vast landscape to explore, with great questions remaining."/><meta property="og:title" content="Chemical Evolution and the Origin of Life"/><meta property="og:type" content="book"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Google Books"/><meta property="og:image" content="https://books.google.com.sg/books/content?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE72Ap7jH9jgx2jgcn7hit5UP6jNXll2e5FeXQfU6iK1JBLvsW3p4XxMGHbN_Z0Vs6plkzizp3PnSvpG_CADfRGFKtir18O4tPA1hwY2CjfPl0-OyFOrwKEwdBgsyJifeJgi6wASW"/><link rel="image_src" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books/content?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=1&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE72Ap7jH9jgx2jgcn7hit5UP6jNXll2e5FeXQfU6iK1JBLvsW3p4XxMGHbN_Z0Vs6plkzizp3PnSvpG_CADfRGFKtir18O4tPA1hwY2CjfPl0-OyFOrwKEwdBgsyJifeJgi6wASW"/><script></script><style>#gbar,#guser{font-size:13px;padding-top:1px !important;}#gbar{height:22px}#guser{padding-bottom:7px !important;text-align:right}.gbh,.gbd{border-top:1px solid #c9d7f1;font-size:1px}.gbh{height:0;position:absolute;top:24px;width:100%}@media all{.gb1{height:22px;margin-right:.5em;vertical-align:top}#gbar{float:left}}a.gb1,a.gb4{text-decoration:underline !important}a.gb1,a.gb4{color:#00c !important}.gbi .gb4{color:#dd8e27 !important}.gbf .gb4{color:#900 !important} #gbar { padding:.3em .6em !important;}</style></head><body class=""><div id=gbar><nobr><a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/search?tab=pw">Search</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.google.com.sg/imghp?hl=en&tab=pi">Images</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://maps.google.com.sg/maps?hl=en&tab=pl">Maps</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://play.google.com/?hl=en&tab=p8">Play</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://www.youtube.com/?tab=p1">YouTube</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://news.google.com/?tab=pn">News</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://mail.google.com/mail/?tab=pm">Gmail</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 href="https://drive.google.com/?tab=po">Drive</a> <a target=_blank class=gb1 style="text-decoration:none" href="https://www.google.com.sg/intl/en/about/products?tab=ph"><u>More</u> »</a></nobr></div><div id=guser width=100%><nobr><span id=gbn class=gbi></span><span id=gbf class=gbf></span><span id=gbe></span><a target=_top id=gb_70 href="https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print&continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3DaRkvNoDYtvEC%26pg%3DPA72%26redir_esc%3Dy%26hl%3Den&hl=en&ec=GAZACg" class=gb4>Sign in</a></nobr></div><div class=gbh style=left:0></div><div class=gbh style=right:0></div><div role="alert" style="position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0;"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC&pg=PA72&redir_esc=y&hl=en&output=html_text" title="Screen reader users: click this link for accessible mode. Accessible mode has the same essential features but works better with your reader."><img border="0" src="//www.google.com/images/cleardot.gif"alt="Screen reader users: click this link for accessible mode. Accessible mode has the same essential features but works better with your reader."></a></div><div class="kd-appbar"><h2 class="kd-appname"><a href="/books">Books</a></h2><div class="kd-buttonbar left" id="left-toolbar-buttons"><a id="appbar-view-print-sample-link" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_vpt_read"></a><a id="appbar-view-ebook-sample-link" href="https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC&source=gbs_vpt_read"></a><a id="appbar-patents-prior-art-finder-link" href=""></a><a id="appbar-patents-discuss-this-link" href="" data-is-grant=""></a><a id="appbar-read-patent-link" href=""></a><a id="appbar-download-pdf-link" href=""></a></div><div class="kd-buttonbar right" id="right-toolbar-buttons"></div></div><div style="display: none"><ol id="ofe-gear-menu-contents" class="gbmcc"><li class="gbe gbmtc"><a class="gbmt goog-menuitem-content" id="" href="https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print&continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fop%3Dlibrary&hl=en">My library</a></li><li class="gbe gbmtc"><a class="gbmt goog-menuitem-content" id="" href="http://books.google.com.sg/support/topic/4359341?hl=en-SG">Help</a></li><li class="gbe gbmtc"><a class="gbmt goog-menuitem-content" id="" href="https://books.google.com.sg/advanced_book_search">Advanced Book Search</a></li></ol></div><div id="volume-main"><div id="volume-left"><div id=menu_container ><div id="menu_scroll_wrapper"><div id="menu_scroll" role="navigation"><div id="gb-get-book-container"><a href="https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC&rdid=book-aRkvNoDYtvEC&rdot=1&source=gbs_vpt_read&pcampaignid=books_booksearch_viewport" id="gb-get-book-content">Buy eBook - SGD聽119.27</a></div><p id="gb-buy-options-trigger" class="gb-buy-options-link">Get this book in print</p><h3 class=about_title><a name="buy_anchor"></a></h3><div id=buy class=about_content><div id=buy_v><ul style="list-style-type: none; padding-left: 0; margin: 0;"><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="http://www.springer.com/978-3-540-78823-2?utm_medium=referral&utm_source=google_books&utm_campaign=3_pier05_buy_print&utm_content=en_08082017" dir=ltr onMouseOver="this.href='http://www.springer.com/978-3-540-78823-2?utm_medium\x3dreferral\x26utm_source\x3dgoogle_books\x26utm_campaign\x3d3_pier05_buy_print\x26utm_content\x3den_08082017';return false" onMouseDown="this.href='/url?client\x3dca-print-springer-kluwer_academic\x26format\x3dgoogleprint\x26num\x3d0\x26id\x3daRkvNoDYtvEC\x26q\x3dhttp://www.springer.com/978-3-540-78823-2%3Futm_medium%3Dreferral%26utm_source%3Dgoogle_books%26utm_campaign%3D3_pier05_buy_print%26utm_content%3Den_08082017\x26usg\x3dAOvVaw2lpVCNiCHSw9GrVywrDJQu\x26source\x3dgbs_buy_r';return true"><span dir=ltr>Springer Shop</span></a></li><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="http://www.amazon.com/gp/search?index=books&linkCode=qs&keywords=9783540788232" dir=ltr onMouseOver="this.href='http://www.amazon.com/gp/search?index\x3dbooks\x26linkCode\x3dqs\x26keywords\x3d9783540788232';return false" onMouseDown="this.href='/url?client\x3dca-print-springer-kluwer_academic\x26format\x3dgoogleprint\x26num\x3d0\x26id\x3daRkvNoDYtvEC\x26q\x3dhttp://www.amazon.com/gp/search%3Findex%3Dbooks%26linkCode%3Dqs%26keywords%3D9783540788232\x26usg\x3dAOvVaw1Cxmm0bHwYfB-MEPeUiWdo\x26source\x3dgbs_buy_r';return true"><span dir=ltr>Amazon.com</span></a></li><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx?do=detail&pcode=9783540788232" dir=ltr onMouseOver="this.href='http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx?do\x3ddetail\x26pcode\x3d9783540788232';return false" onMouseDown="this.href='/url?client\x3dca-print-springer-kluwer_academic\x26format\x3dgoogleprint\x26num\x3d0\x26id\x3daRkvNoDYtvEC\x26q\x3dhttp://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx%3Fdo%3Ddetail%26pcode%3D9783540788232\x26usg\x3dAOvVaw1sGLt_0dUMhA1AeRp8p-B2\x26source\x3dgbs_buy_r';return true"><span dir=ltr>MPH</span></a></li><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/?q=9783540788232" dir=ltr onMouseOver="this.href='https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/?q\x3d9783540788232';return false" onMouseDown="this.href='/url?client\x3dca-print-springer-kluwer_academic\x26format\x3dgoogleprint\x26num\x3d0\x26id\x3daRkvNoDYtvEC\x26q\x3dhttps://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/%3Fq%3D9783540788232\x26usg\x3dAOvVaw2iLIo7Uv7ltSDfkel5DKRl\x26source\x3dgbs_buy_r';return true"><span dir=ltr>Popular</span></a></li><li><hr style="margin-right: 20%; color: #666;"></li><li><a style="white-space:normal" href="https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC&pg=PA72&q=http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1012531128&clientid=librarylink&usg=AOvVaw01roejxy8Jj7hN4LppRLQp&source=gbs_buy_r"><span dir=ltr>Find in a library</span></a></li><li><a class="secondary" style="white-space:normal" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC&sitesec=buy&source=gbs_buy_r" id="get-all-sellers-link"><span dir=ltr>All sellers</span> »</a></li></ul></div></div><div class=menu id=menu><div class="menu_content" style="margin-bottom:6px"><div style="margin-bottom:4px"><div class="sidebarnav"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div class="sidebarcover"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC&printsec=frontcover" onclick="_OC_Page('PR3',this.href); return false;"><img src="https://books.google.com.sg/books/content?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC&printsec=frontcover&img=1&zoom=5&edge=curl&imgtk=AFLRE72vem_JmDKRad86Nhs1g5mNSL_j90a_I1tDk_-wOzlbEL8lAnBZg8AiUhjqqMwBRM1BA51ppKTimaqs3MhSQqy34F8sKzpCwsgC2M7EhVZQxEF-QiEzxtH_hi-F_QCbkrvheFFL" alt="Front Cover" title="Front Cover" height=80 border=1 id=summary-frontcover ></a></div></td><td></td></tr></table></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div id="volume-info-sidebar"><h1 class="gb-volume-title" dir=ltr>Chemical Evolution and the Origin of Life</h1><span class="addmd">By Horst Rauchfuss</span></div><div style="margin-bottom:3px"><form action=/books id=search_form style="margin:0px;padding:0px;" method=get> <input type=hidden name="redir_esc" value="y"><input type=hidden name="id" value="aRkvNoDYtvEC"><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 class="swv-table"><tr><td class="swv-td-search"><span><input id=search_form_input type=text maxlength=1024 class="text_flat swv-input-search" aria-label="Search in this book" name=q value="" title="Go" accesskey=i></span></td><td class="swv-td-space"><div> </div></td><td><input type=submit value="Go"></td></tr></table><script type="text/javascript">if (window['_OC_autoDir']) {_OC_autoDir('search_form_input');}</script></form></div><div><p><a id="sidebar-atb-link" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><span dir=ltr>About this book</span></a></p></div></div></div><div><div id="navbarContainer" class="gb-navbar"></div><script>_OC_InitNavbar({"child_node":[{"title":"My library","url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?uid=114584440181414684107\u0026source=gbs_lp_bookshelf_list","id":"my_library","collapsed":true},{"title":"My History","url":"","id":"my_history","collapsed":true}],"highlighted_node_id":""});</script><a href="/intl/en/googlebooks/tos.html" target="_blank">Terms of Service</a><h3 class=about_title><a name="pub_info_anchor"></a></h3><div id=pub_info class=about_content><div id=pub_info_v><table cellspacing=0><tr><td><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC&pg=PA72&q=http://www.springer.com/shop&clientid=ca-print-springer-kluwer_academic&linkid=1&usg=AOvVaw1cnM7ODq9jeuB6yvY2uzra&source=gbs_pub_info_r" style="text-decoration:none"><img width=128 height=35 border=0 src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/imgad?id=CO7fk9CGmazKVRC3ARgyMghnyJwCmweo7A" alt="Springer Science & Business Media"></a><tr><td style="font-size:84.6%;color:#666666">Pages displayed by permission of <a class=link_aux href="https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC&pg=PA72&q=http://www.springer.com/shop&clientid=ca-print-springer-kluwer_academic&linkid=1&usg=AOvVaw1cnM7ODq9jeuB6yvY2uzra&source=gbs_pub_info_r">Springer Science & Business Media</a>. <a style="color:#7777cc;white-space:normal" href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC&printsec=copyright&source=gbs_pub_info_r">Copyright</a>. </table></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="volume-center"><div id="scroll_atb" role="main"><div id="toolbar_container"><div style="float:left;white-space:nowrap"><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr><td id="l_toolbar"></td><td class=toolbar-pc-cell><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr><td class=no-jump-cell align=right><span id=page_label style="margin-right:.5em">Page 72</span></td><td class=arrow style="padding-right:2px"><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC&pg=PA71&lpg=PA72&focus=viewport" onclick="_OC_EmptyFunc(this.href); return false;"><div class=pagination><div id=prev_btn alt="Previous Page" title="Previous Page" class="SPRITE_pagination_v2_left"></div></div></a></td><td class=arrow><a href="https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC&pg=PA73&lpg=PA72&focus=viewport" onclick="_OC_EmptyFunc(this.href); return false;"><div class=pagination><div id=next_btn alt="Next Page" title="Next Page" class="SPRITE_pagination_v2_right"></div></div></a></td></tr></table></td><td> </td><td id=view_toolbar></td><td id=view_new></td></tr></table></div><div style="float:right"><table cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0><tr><td></td><td id="r_toolbar" style="white-space:nowrap"></td></tr></table></div><div style="clear:both"></div></div><div id="search_bar"></div><div class="gback"><div id="viewport" class="viewport" tabindex="0"><a name="page" accesskey="c"></a><table class="viewport-table" id="container" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td valign="top" align="center"><noscript><style type=text/css>.imgg { width:575px;height:868px;background:#eee;padding-bottom:25px}</style><div class=imgg><div align=center><table border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 width=500 align=center style="margin-top:2em"><tr><td rowspan=2 valign=top style="width:9px;background:#fff url('/googlebooks/bbl_l.gif') top left repeat-y"><img src="/googlebooks/bbl_tl.gif" width=9 height=7 alt=""></td><td style="background:url('/googlebooks/bbl_t.gif') top left repeat-x"><img width=1 height=7 alt=""></td><td rowspan=2 valign=top style="width:10px;background:#fff url('/googlebooks/bbl_r.gif') top right repeat-y"><img src="/googlebooks/bbl_tr.gif" width=10 height=7 alt=""></td></tr><tr><td align=center style="background:#ff9;text-align:center;line-height:1.2em"><div style="margin:1em"><img width=60 height=60 align=absmiddle src="/googlebooks/restricted_logo.gif" alt=""> <span style="font-weight:bold;font-size:1.2em"><br>Restricted Page</span></div><div style="margin:1em" align=left>You have reached your viewing limit for this book (<a href=https://books.google.com.sg/support/answer/43729?topic=9259&hl=en>why?</a>).</div></td></tr><tr><td><img src="/googlebooks/bbl_bl.gif" width=9 height=9 alt=""></td><td style="background:url('/googlebooks/bbl_b.gif') bottom left repeat-x"><img width=1 height=9 alt=""></td><td><img src="/googlebooks/bbl_br.gif" width=10 height=9 alt=""></td></tr></table></div></div></noscript></td></tr></table></div></div><script>_OC_addFlags({Host:"https://books.google.com.sg/", IsBrowsingHistoryEnabled:1, IsZipitFolderCollectionEnabled:1, IsBooksUnifiedLeftNavEnabled:1, IsBooksRentalEnabled:1});_OC_Run({"page":[{"pid":"PR3","flags":32,"order":0,"title":"iii","h":927},{"pid":"PR6","order":3,"title":"vi"},{"pid":"PR13","order":10,"title":"xiii"},{"pid":"PR14","order":11,"title":"xiv"},{"pid":"PR15","order":12,"title":"xv"},{"pid":"PR16","order":13,"title":"xvi"},{"pid":"PR17","order":14,"title":"xvii"},{"pid":"PR18","order":15,"title":"xviii"},{"pid":"PR19","order":16,"title":"xix"},{"pid":"PR20","order":17,"title":"xx"},{"pid":"PR21","order":18,"title":"xxi"},{"pid":"PR22","order":19,"title":"xxii"},{"pid":"PR23","order":20,"title":"xxiii"},{"pid":"PA1","order":21,"title":"1"},{"pid":"PA2","order":22,"title":"2"},{"pid":"PA3","order":23,"title":"3"},{"pid":"PA4","order":24,"title":"4"},{"pid":"PA5","order":25,"title":"5"},{"pid":"PA6","order":26,"title":"6"},{"pid":"PA7","order":27,"title":"7"},{"pid":"PA8","order":28,"title":"8"},{"pid":"PA9","order":29,"title":"9"},{"pid":"PA10","order":30,"title":"10"},{"pid":"PA11","order":31,"title":"11"},{"pid":"PA12","order":32,"title":"12"},{"pid":"PA13","order":33,"title":"13"},{"pid":"PA14","order":34,"title":"14"},{"pid":"PA15","order":35,"title":"15"},{"pid":"PA16","order":36,"title":"16"},{"pid":"PA17","order":37,"title":"17"},{"pid":"PA18","order":38,"title":"18"},{"pid":"PA19","order":39,"title":"19"},{"pid":"PA20","order":40,"title":"20"},{"pid":"PA21","order":41,"title":"21"},{"pid":"PA22","order":42,"title":"22"},{"pid":"PA23","order":43,"title":"23"},{"pid":"PA24","order":44,"title":"24"},{"pid":"PA25","order":45,"title":"25"},{"pid":"PA26","order":46,"title":"26"},{"pid":"PA27","order":47,"title":"27"},{"pid":"PA28","order":48,"title":"28"},{"pid":"PA29","order":49,"title":"29"},{"pid":"PA30","order":50,"title":"30"},{"pid":"PA31","order":51,"title":"31"},{"pid":"PA32","order":52,"title":"32"},{"pid":"PA33","order":53,"title":"33"},{"pid":"PA34","order":54,"title":"34"},{"pid":"PA35","order":55,"title":"35"},{"pid":"PA36","order":56,"title":"36"},{"pid":"PA37","order":57,"title":"37"},{"pid":"PA38","order":58,"title":"38"},{"pid":"PA39","order":59,"title":"39"},{"pid":"PA40","order":60,"title":"40"},{"pid":"PA41","order":61,"title":"41"},{"pid":"PA43","order":62,"title":"43"},{"pid":"PA44","order":63,"title":"44"},{"pid":"PA45","order":64,"title":"45"},{"pid":"PA46","order":65,"title":"46"},{"pid":"PA47","order":66,"title":"47"},{"pid":"PA48","order":67,"title":"48"},{"pid":"PA49","order":68,"title":"49"},{"pid":"PA50","order":69,"title":"50"},{"pid":"PA51","order":70,"title":"51"},{"pid":"PA52","order":71,"title":"52"},{"pid":"PA53","order":72,"title":"53"},{"pid":"PA54","order":73,"title":"54"},{"pid":"PA55","order":74,"title":"55"},{"pid":"PA56","order":75,"title":"56"},{"pid":"PA57","order":76,"title":"57"},{"pid":"PA58","order":77,"title":"58"},{"pid":"PA59","order":78,"title":"59"},{"pid":"PA60","order":79,"title":"60"},{"pid":"PA61","order":80,"title":"61"},{"pid":"PA62","order":81,"title":"62"},{"pid":"PA63","order":82,"title":"63"},{"pid":"PA64","order":83,"title":"64"},{"pid":"PA65","order":84,"title":"65"},{"pid":"PA66","order":85,"title":"66"},{"pid":"PA67","order":86,"title":"67"},{"pid":"PA68","order":87,"title":"68"},{"pid":"PA69","order":88,"title":"69"},{"pid":"PA70","order":89,"title":"70"},{"pid":"PA71","flags":8,"order":90,"title":"71"},{"pid":"PA72","flags":8,"order":91,"title":"72"},{"pid":"PA73","flags":8,"order":92,"title":"73"},{"pid":"PA74","flags":8,"order":93,"title":"74"},{"pid":"PA75","flags":8,"order":94,"title":"75"},{"pid":"PA76","order":95,"title":"76"},{"pid":"PA77","order":96,"title":"77"},{"pid":"PA78","order":97,"title":"78"},{"pid":"PA79","order":98,"title":"79"},{"pid":"PA80","order":99,"title":"80"},{"pid":"PA81","order":100,"title":"81"},{"pid":"PA82","order":101,"title":"82"},{"pid":"PA83","order":102,"title":"83"},{"pid":"PA84","order":103,"title":"84"},{"pid":"PA85","order":104,"title":"85"},{"pid":"PA86","order":105,"title":"86"},{"pid":"PA88","order":106,"title":"88"},{"pid":"PA89","order":107,"title":"89"},{"pid":"PA90","order":108,"title":"90"},{"pid":"PA91","order":109,"title":"91"},{"pid":"PA92","order":110,"title":"92"},{"pid":"PA93","order":111,"title":"93"},{"pid":"PA94","order":112,"title":"94"},{"pid":"PA95","order":113,"title":"95"},{"pid":"PA96","order":114,"title":"96"},{"pid":"PA97","order":115,"title":"97"},{"pid":"PA98","order":116,"title":"98"},{"pid":"PA99","order":117,"title":"99"},{"pid":"PA100","order":118,"title":"100"},{"pid":"PA101","order":119,"title":"101"},{"pid":"PA102","order":120,"title":"102"},{"pid":"PA103","order":121,"title":"103"},{"pid":"PA104","order":122,"title":"104"},{"pid":"PA105","order":123,"title":"105"},{"pid":"PA106","order":124,"title":"106"},{"pid":"PA107","order":125,"title":"107"},{"pid":"PA108","order":126,"title":"108"},{"pid":"PA109","order":127,"title":"109"},{"pid":"PA110","order":128,"title":"110"},{"pid":"PA111","order":129,"title":"111"},{"pid":"PA112","order":130,"title":"112"},{"pid":"PA113","order":131,"title":"113"},{"pid":"PA114","order":132,"title":"114"},{"pid":"PA115","order":133,"title":"115"},{"pid":"PA116","order":134,"title":"116"},{"pid":"PA117","order":135,"title":"117"},{"pid":"PA118","order":136,"title":"118"},{"pid":"PA119","order":137,"title":"119"},{"pid":"PA120","order":138,"title":"120"},{"pid":"PA121","order":139,"title":"121"},{"pid":"PA122","order":140,"title":"122"},{"pid":"PA123","order":141,"title":"123"},{"pid":"PA124","order":142,"title":"124"},{"pid":"PA125","order":143,"title":"125"},{"pid":"PA126","order":144,"title":"126"},{"pid":"PA127","order":145,"title":"127"},{"pid":"PA128","order":146,"title":"128"},{"pid":"PA129","order":147,"title":"129"},{"pid":"PA130","order":148,"title":"130"},{"pid":"PA131","order":149,"title":"131"},{"pid":"PA132","order":150,"title":"132"},{"pid":"PA133","order":151,"title":"133"},{"pid":"PA134","order":152,"title":"134"},{"pid":"PA135","order":153,"title":"135"},{"pid":"PA136","order":154,"title":"136"},{"pid":"PA137","order":155,"title":"137"},{"pid":"PA138","order":156,"title":"138"},{"pid":"PA139","order":157,"title":"139"},{"pid":"PA140","order":158,"title":"140"},{"pid":"PA141","order":159,"title":"141"},{"pid":"PA142","order":160,"title":"142"},{"pid":"PA143","order":161,"title":"143"},{"pid":"PA144","order":162,"title":"144"},{"pid":"PA145","order":163,"title":"145"},{"pid":"PA146","order":164,"title":"146"},{"pid":"PA147","order":165,"title":"147"},{"pid":"PA148","order":166,"title":"148"},{"pid":"PA149","order":167,"title":"149"},{"pid":"PA150","order":168,"title":"150"},{"pid":"PA151","order":169,"title":"151"},{"pid":"PA152","order":170,"title":"152"},{"pid":"PA153","order":171,"title":"153"},{"pid":"PA154","order":172,"title":"154"},{"pid":"PA155","order":173,"title":"155"},{"pid":"PA156","order":174,"title":"156"},{"pid":"PA157","order":175,"title":"157"},{"pid":"PA158","order":176,"title":"158"},{"pid":"PA159","order":177,"title":"159"},{"pid":"PA161","order":179,"title":"161"},{"pid":"PA165","order":183,"title":"165"},{"pid":"PA166","order":184,"title":"166"},{"pid":"PA167","order":185,"title":"167"},{"pid":"PA169","order":187,"title":"169"},{"pid":"PA171","order":189,"title":"171"},{"pid":"PA172","order":190,"title":"172"},{"pid":"PA173","order":191,"title":"173"},{"pid":"PA174","order":192,"title":"174"},{"pid":"PA175","order":193,"title":"175"},{"pid":"PA177","order":195,"title":"177"},{"pid":"PA179","order":197,"title":"179"},{"pid":"PA180","order":198,"title":"180"},{"pid":"PA181","order":199,"title":"181"},{"pid":"PA182","order":200,"title":"182"},{"pid":"PA183","order":201,"title":"183"},{"pid":"PA184","order":202,"title":"184"},{"pid":"PA185","order":203,"title":"185"},{"pid":"PA187","order":205,"title":"187"},{"pid":"PA190","order":208,"title":"190"},{"pid":"PA195","order":213,"title":"195"},{"pid":"PA196","order":214,"title":"196"},{"pid":"PA198","order":216,"title":"198"},{"pid":"PA199","order":217,"title":"199"},{"pid":"PA200","order":218,"title":"200"},{"pid":"PA201","order":219,"title":"201"},{"pid":"PA203","order":221,"title":"203"},{"pid":"PA204","order":222,"title":"204"},{"pid":"PA205","order":223,"title":"205"},{"pid":"PA207","order":225,"title":"207"},{"pid":"PA208","order":226,"title":"208"},{"pid":"PA209","order":227,"title":"209"},{"pid":"PA210","order":228,"title":"210"},{"pid":"PA211","order":229,"title":"211"},{"pid":"PA213","order":231,"title":"213"},{"pid":"PA215","order":232,"title":"215"},{"pid":"PA216","order":233,"title":"216"},{"pid":"PA217","order":234,"title":"217"},{"pid":"PA218","order":235,"title":"218"},{"pid":"PA219","order":236,"title":"219"},{"pid":"PA220","order":237,"title":"220"},{"pid":"PA221","order":238,"title":"221"},{"pid":"PA222","order":239,"title":"222"},{"pid":"PA223","order":240,"title":"223"},{"pid":"PA224","order":241,"title":"224"},{"pid":"PA226","order":243,"title":"226"},{"pid":"PA227","order":244,"title":"227"},{"pid":"PA228","order":245,"title":"228"},{"pid":"PA229","order":246,"title":"229"},{"pid":"PA232","order":249,"title":"232"},{"pid":"PA234","order":251,"title":"234"},{"pid":"PA235","order":252,"title":"235"},{"pid":"PA237","order":254,"title":"237"},{"pid":"PA238","order":255,"title":"238"},{"pid":"PA239","order":256,"title":"239"},{"pid":"PA240","order":257,"title":"240"},{"pid":"PA241","order":258,"title":"241"},{"pid":"PA243","order":260,"title":"243"},{"pid":"PA245","order":262,"title":"245"},{"pid":"PA246","order":263,"title":"246"},{"pid":"PA248","order":265,"title":"248"},{"pid":"PA249","order":266,"title":"249"},{"pid":"PA250","order":267,"title":"250"},{"pid":"PA251","order":268,"title":"251"},{"pid":"PA252","order":269,"title":"252"},{"pid":"PA253","order":270,"title":"253"},{"pid":"PA254","order":271,"title":"254"},{"pid":"PA255","order":272,"title":"255"},{"pid":"PA256","order":273,"title":"256"},{"pid":"PA258","order":274,"title":"258"},{"pid":"PA259","order":275,"title":"259"},{"pid":"PA260","order":276,"title":"260"},{"pid":"PA261","order":277,"title":"261"},{"pid":"PA262","order":278,"title":"262"},{"pid":"PA264","order":280,"title":"264"},{"pid":"PA265","order":281,"title":"265"},{"pid":"PA267","order":283,"title":"267"},{"pid":"PA268","order":284,"title":"268"},{"pid":"PA269","order":285,"title":"269"},{"pid":"PA272","order":288,"title":"272"},{"pid":"PA273","order":289,"title":"273"},{"pid":"PA274","order":290,"title":"274"},{"pid":"PA275","order":291,"title":"275"},{"pid":"PA276","order":292,"title":"276"},{"pid":"PA279","order":295,"title":"279"},{"pid":"PA280","order":296,"title":"280"},{"pid":"PA281","order":297,"title":"281"},{"pid":"PA282","order":298,"title":"282"},{"pid":"PA284","order":300,"title":"284"},{"pid":"PA285","order":301,"title":"285"},{"pid":"PA286","order":302,"title":"286"},{"pid":"PA287","order":303,"title":"287"},{"pid":"PA290","order":306,"title":"290"},{"pid":"PA292","order":308,"title":"292"},{"pid":"PA293","order":309,"title":"293"},{"pid":"PA294","order":310,"title":"294"},{"pid":"PA297","order":313,"title":"297"},{"pid":"PA298","order":314,"title":"298"},{"pid":"PA300","order":316,"title":"300"},{"pid":"PA301","order":317,"title":"301"},{"pid":"PA305","order":321,"title":"305"},{"pid":"PA306","order":322,"title":"306"},{"pid":"PA307","order":323,"title":"307"},{"pid":"PA312","order":328,"title":"312"},{"pid":"PA313","order":329,"title":"313"},{"pid":"PA316","order":331,"title":"316"},{"pid":"PA317","order":332,"title":"317"},{"pid":"PA319","order":334,"title":"319"},{"pid":"PA324","order":338,"title":"324"},{"pid":"PA325","order":339,"title":"325"},{"pid":"PA326","order":340,"title":"326"},{"pid":"PA327","order":341,"title":"327"},{"pid":"PA328","order":342,"title":"328"},{"pid":"PA329","order":343,"title":"329"},{"pid":"PA330","order":344,"title":"330"},{"pid":"PA331","order":345,"title":"331"},{"pid":"PA332","order":346,"title":"332"},{"pid":"PA333","order":347,"title":"333"},{"pid":"PA334","order":348,"title":"334"},{"pid":"PA335","order":349,"title":"335"},{"pid":"PA336","order":350,"title":"336"},{"pid":"PA337","order":351,"title":"337"},{"pid":"PA338","order":352,"title":"338"}],"prefix":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC\u0026lpg=PA72"},{"fullview":false,"page_width":575,"page_height":868,"font_height":12,"first_content_page":21,"disable_twopage":true,"initial_zoom_width_override":685,"show_print_pages_button":false,"title":"Chemical Evolution and the Origin of Life","subtitle":"","attribution":"By Horst Rauchfuss","additional_info":{"[JsonBookInfo]":{"BuyLinks":[{"Seller":"Springer Shop","Url":"http://www.springer.com/978-3-540-78823-2?utm_medium=referral\u0026utm_source=google_books\u0026utm_campaign=3_pier05_buy_print\u0026utm_content=en_08082017","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-springer-kluwer_academic\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=aRkvNoDYtvEC\u0026q=http://www.springer.com/978-3-540-78823-2%3Futm_medium%3Dreferral%26utm_source%3Dgoogle_books%26utm_campaign%3D3_pier05_buy_print%26utm_content%3Den_08082017\u0026usg=AOvVaw2lpVCNiCHSw9GrVywrDJQu","IsPublisher":true},{"Seller":"Amazon.com","Url":"http://www.amazon.com/gp/search?index=books\u0026linkCode=qs\u0026keywords=9783540788232","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-springer-kluwer_academic\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=aRkvNoDYtvEC\u0026q=http://www.amazon.com/gp/search%3Findex%3Dbooks%26linkCode%3Dqs%26keywords%3D9783540788232\u0026usg=AOvVaw1Cxmm0bHwYfB-MEPeUiWdo"},{"Seller":"MPH","Url":"http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx?do=detail\u0026pcode=9783540788232","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-springer-kluwer_academic\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=aRkvNoDYtvEC\u0026q=http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx%3Fdo%3Ddetail%26pcode%3D9783540788232\u0026usg=AOvVaw1sGLt_0dUMhA1AeRp8p-B2"},{"Seller":"Popular","Url":"https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/?q=9783540788232","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-springer-kluwer_academic\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=aRkvNoDYtvEC\u0026q=https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/%3Fq%3D9783540788232\u0026usg=AOvVaw2iLIo7Uv7ltSDfkel5DKRl"}],"AboutUrl":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC","PreviewUrl":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC","allowed_syndication_flags":{"allow_disabling_chrome":true},"online_access":{"url":"https://play.google.com/store/books/details?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC\u0026rdid=book-aRkvNoDYtvEC\u0026rdot=1","price":"SGD聽119.27","list_price":"SGD聽170.38"},"TocLine":[{"Title":"Introduction ","Pid":"PA1","PgNum":"1","Order":21},{"Title":"The Cosmos the Solar System and the Primeval Earth ","Pid":"PA17","PgNum":"17","Order":37},{"Title":"From the Planets to Interstellar Matter ","Pid":"PA43","PgNum":"43","Order":62},{"Title":"Chemical Evolution 87 ","Pid":"PA86","PgNum":"86","Order":105},{"Title":"References ","Pid":"PA122","PgNum":"122","Order":140},{"Title":"The RNA World ","Pid":"PA145","PgNum":"145","Order":163},{"Title":"Other Theories and Hypotheses ","Pid":"PA181","PgNum":"181","Order":199},{"Title":"The Genetic Code and Other Theories ","Pid":"PA215","PgNum":"215","Order":232},{"Title":"Basic Phenomena ","Pid":"PA237","PgNum":"237","Order":254},{"Title":"Primeval Cells and Cell Models 257 ","Pid":"PA256","PgNum":"256","Order":273},{"Title":"ExoAstrobiology and Other Related Subjects ","Pid":"PA283","PgNum":"283","Order":299},{"Title":"Epilogue ","Pid":"PA315","PgNum":"315","Order":330}]}},"table_of_contents_page_id":"PR13","max_resolution_image_width":1280,"max_resolution_image_height":1932,"num_toc_pages":4,"quality_info":"We have no quality information about this book.","volume_id":"aRkvNoDYtvEC","permission_info":"Pages displayed by permission of \u003ca class=link_aux href=\"https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC\u0026pg=PA72\u0026q=http://www.springer.com/shop\u0026clientid=ca-print-springer-kluwer_academic\u0026linkid=1\u0026usg=AOvVaw1cnM7ODq9jeuB6yvY2uzra\u0026source=gbs_pub_info_r\"\u003eSpringer Science \u0026amp; Business Media\u003c/a\u003e","is_ebook":true,"volumeresult":{"has_flowing_text":true,"has_scanned_text":true,"can_download_pdf":false,"can_download_epub":false,"is_pdf_drm_enabled":false,"is_epub_drm_enabled":false},"publisher":"Springer Science \u0026 Business Media","publication_date":"2008.10.15","subject":"Nature","num_pages":339,"sample_url":"https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=aRkvNoDYtvEC\u0026source=gbs_vpt_hover","synposis":"How did life begin on the early Earth? We know that life today is driven by the universal laws of chemistry and physics. By applying these laws over the past ?fty years, en- mous progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms that are the foundations of the living state. For instance, just a decade ago, the ?rst human genome was published, all three billion base pairs. Using X-ray diffraction data from crystals, we can see how an enzyme molecule or a photosynthetic reaction center steps through its catalytic function. We can even visualize a ribosome, central to all life, translate - netic information into a protein. And we are just beginning to understand how molecular interactions regulate thousands of simultaneous reactions that continuously occur even in the simplest forms of life. New words have appeared that give a sense of this wealth of knowledge: The genome, the proteome, the metabolome, the interactome. But we can鈥檛 be too smug. We must avoid the mistake of the physicist who, as the twentieth century began, stated con?dently that we knew all there was to know about physics, that science just needed to clean up a few dusty corners. Then came relativity, quantum theory, the Big Bang, and now dark matter, dark energy and string theory. Similarly in the life sciences, the more we learn, the better we understand how little we really know. There remains a vast landscape to explore, with great questions remaining.","my_library_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fop%3Dlibrary\u0026hl=en","is_magazine":false,"is_public_domain":false,"last_page":{"pid":"PA339","order":353,"title":"339"}},{"enableUserFeedbackUI":true,"pseudocontinuous":true,"is_cobrand":false,"sign_in_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3DaRkvNoDYtvEC%26pg%3DPA72%26redir_esc%3Dy%26hl%3Den\u0026hl=en","isEntityPageViewport":false,"showViewportOnboarding":false,"showViewportPlainTextOnboarding":false},{"page":[{"pid":"PA72","flags":8,"order":91}]},null,null,{});</script></div></div></div><script>(function() {var href = window.location.href;if (href.indexOf('?') !== -1) {var parameters = href.split('?')[1].split('&');for (var i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {var param = parameters[i].split('=');if (param[0] == 'focus') {var elem = document.getElementById(param[1]);if (elem) {elem.focus();}}}}})();</script>