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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Panduan transkripsi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Panduan_transkripsi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Huruf_vokal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Huruf_vokal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Huruf vokal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Huruf_vokal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Huruf_konsonan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Huruf_konsonan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Huruf konsonan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Huruf_konsonan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rujukan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rujukan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Rujukan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rujukan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pautan_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pautan_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Pautan luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pautan_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kandungan" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Togol isi kandungan" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Togol isi kandungan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Perumian Semakan Bahasa Korea</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke rencana dalam bahasa lain. Tersedia dalam 38 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-38" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">38 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A9_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%85%D9%86%D9%82%D8%AD%D8%A9" title="رومنة كورية منقحة – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رومنة كورية منقحة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanizaci%C3%B3n_revisada_del_coreanu" title="Romanización revisada del coreanu – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Romanización revisada del coreanu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alih_Aksara_Korea_yang_Disempurnakan" title="Alih Aksara Korea yang Disempurnakan – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Alih Aksara Korea yang Disempurnakan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3" title="কোরীয় ভাষার সংশোধিত রোমানীকরণ – Benggali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কোরীয় ভাষার সংশোধিত রোমানীকরণ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Benggali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kok-g%C3%AD_%C3%AA_L%C3%B4-m%C3%A1-j%C4%AB_Pi%C3%A1u-k%C3%AC-hoat" title="Kok-gí ê Lô-má-jī Piáu-kì-hoat – Cina Min Nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kok-gí ê Lô-má-jī Piáu-kì-hoat" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Cina Min Nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanitzaci%C3%B3_revisada_del_core%C3%A0" title="Romanització revisada del coreà – Catalonia" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Romanització revisada del coreà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revideret_romanisering_af_koreansk" title="Revideret romanisering af koreansk – Denmark" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Revideret romanisering af koreansk" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Denmark" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revidierte_Romanisierung" title="Revidierte Romanisierung – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Revidierte Romanisierung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revised_Romanization_of_Korean" title="Revised Romanization of Korean – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Revised Romanization of Korean" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanizaci%C3%B3n_revisada_del_coreano" title="Romanización revisada del coreano – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Romanización revisada del coreano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revizia_latinliteriga_transskribo_de_la_korea_lingvo" title="Revizia latinliteriga transskribo de la korea lingvo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Revizia latinliteriga transskribo de la korea lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koreeraren_erromanizazio_berritu" title="Koreeraren erromanizazio berritu – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Koreeraren erromanizazio berritu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD%E2%80%8C%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87" title="لاتین‌نویسی کره‌ای اصلاح‌شده – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لاتین‌نویسی کره‌ای اصلاح‌شده" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanisation_r%C3%A9vis%C3%A9e_du_cor%C3%A9en" title="Romanisation révisée du coréen – Perancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Romanisation révisée du coréen" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Perancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanizaci%C3%B3n_revisada_do_coreano" title="Romanización revisada do coreano – Galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Romanización revisada do coreano" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%96%B4%EC%9D%98_%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%88%EC%9E%90_%ED%91%9C%EA%B8%B0%EB%B2%95" title="국어의 로마자 표기법 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="국어의 로마자 표기법" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%80_%D5%BC%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Կորեերենի նոր ռոմանականացում – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կորեերենի նոր ռոմանականացում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latinizzazione_riveduta_della_lingua_coreana" title="Latinizzazione riveduta della lingua coreana – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Latinizzazione riveduta della lingua coreana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%95%D7%93%D7%A9" title="הליטון הקוריאני המחודש – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הליטון הקוריאני המחודש" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_koreai_nyelv_%C3%A1tdolgozott_latin_bet%C5%B1s_%C3%A1t%C3%ADr%C3%A1sa" title="A koreai nyelv átdolgozott latin betűs átírása – Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="A koreai nyelv átdolgozott latin betűs átírása" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%98%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Ревидирана романизација на корејскиот јазик – Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ревидирана романизација на корејскиот јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herziene_Koreaanse_Romanisatie" title="Herziene Koreaanse Romanisatie – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Herziene Koreaanse Romanisatie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E8%A6%B3%E5%85%89%E9%83%A82000%E5%B9%B4%E5%BC%8F" title="文化観光部2000年式 – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="文化観光部2000年式" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revidert_romanisering_av_koreansk" title="Revidert romanisering av koreansk – Bokmal Norway" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Revidert romanisering av koreansk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metody_latynizacji_j%C4%99zyka_korea%C5%84skiego" title="Metody latynizacji języka koreańskiego – Poland" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Metody latynizacji języka koreańskiego" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaniza%C3%A7%C3%A3o_revisada_da_l%C3%ADngua_coreana" title="Romanização revisada da língua coreana – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Romanização revisada da língua coreana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanizarea_revizuit%C4%83_a_limbii_coreene" title="Romanizarea revizuită a limbii coreene – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Romanizarea revizuită a limbii coreene" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Новая романизация корейского языка – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Новая романизация корейского языка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%98%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="ප්‍රතිශෝධිත රෝමානුකෘත කොරියන් භාෂාව – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ප්‍රතිශෝධිත රෝමානුකෘත කොරියන් භාෂාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revised_Romanization_of_Korean" title="Revised Romanization of Korean – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Revised Romanization of Korean" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alih_Aksara_Kor%C3%A9a_anu_Disampurnakeun" title="Alih Aksara Koréa anu Disampurnakeun – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Alih Aksara Koréa anu Disampurnakeun" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean_uudistettu_latinisaatio" title="Korean uudistettu latinisaatio – Finland" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Korean uudistettu latinisaatio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reviderad_romanisering_av_koreanska" title="Reviderad romanisering av koreanska – Sweden" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Reviderad romanisering av koreanska" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweden" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Binagong_Romanisasyon_ng_Koreano" title="Binagong Romanisasyon ng Koreano – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Binagong Romanisasyon ng Koreano" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a 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<button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Daripada Wikipedia, ensiklopedia bebas.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5657302">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above navbox-title">Perumian Semakan Bahasa Korea</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Hangul" title="Hangul">Hangul</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span title="Korea-language text"><span lang="ko-Hang">국어의 로마자 표기법</span></span><span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: ko is deprecated </span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Hanja" title="Hanja">Hanja</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="font-size:115%;"><span title="Korea-language text"><span lang="ko-Hani">國語의 로마字表記法</span></span><span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: ko is deprecated </span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Perumian Semakan</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Korea-language romanization"><i lang="ko-Latn">gugeoui romaja pyogibeop</i></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Perumian_McCune%E2%80%93Reischauer" title="Perumian McCune–Reischauer">McCune–Reischauer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Korea-language romanization"><i lang="ko-Latn">kugŏŭi romacha p'yogipŏp</i></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Perumian Semakan Bahasa Korea</b> ialah sistem <a href="/wiki/Perumian" title="Perumian">perumian</a> <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Korea" title="Bahasa Korea">bahasa Korea</a> yang rasmi di <a href="/wiki/Korea_Selatan" title="Korea Selatan">Korea Selatan</a> dan juga gantian rasmi untuk sistem perumian tahun <a href="/wiki/1984" title="1984">1984</a> yang berasaskan <a href="/wiki/McCune-Reischauer" class="mw-redirect" title="McCune-Reischauer">McCune-Reischauer</a> di negara tersebut. Sistem baru ini serupa dengan sistem lama tersebut, tetapi menggugurkan <a href="/wiki/Tanda_diakritik" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanda diakritik">tanda diakritik</a> dan lebih rapat berdasarkan <a href="/wiki/Fonologi" title="Fonologi">fonologi</a> Korea berbanding persepsi Barat terhadap <a href="/wiki/Fonetik" title="Fonetik">fonetik</a> Korea. </p><p>Perumian Semakan ini tidak menggunakan apa-apa aksara bukan <a href="/wiki/Huruf" title="Huruf">huruf</a> kecuali <a href="/wiki/Tanda_sempang" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanda sempang">tanda sempang</a> yang kadang-kadang dipakai. Perumian ini dimajukan oleh Akademi Kebangsaan Bahasa Korea mulai tahun 1995 dan dikeluarkan kepada umum pada <a href="/wiki/7_Julai" title="7 Julai">7 Julai</a> <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a> oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kementerian_Kebudayaan_dan_Pelancongan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kementerian Kebudayaan dan Pelancongan (laman tidak wujud)">Kementerian Kebudayaan dan Pelancongan</a> Korea Selatan dalam Pengisytiharan No. 2000-8. Pengisytiharan ini merangkumi sebab-sebab berikut untuk menggunakan sistem ini:<sup id="cite_ref-MoCT2000_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MoCT2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Lebih senang ditaip dalam <a href="/wiki/Komputer" title="Komputer">komputer</a> kerana hanya menggunakan huruf-huruf dan simbol-simbol Latin yang biasa, menggugurkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tanda_koma_atas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tanda koma atas (laman tidak wujud)">tanda koma atas</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tanda_singkat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tanda singkat (laman tidak wujud)">tanda singkat</a> yang mendatangkan masalah dalam sistem <a href="/wiki/McCune-Reischauer" class="mw-redirect" title="McCune-Reischauer">McCune-Reischauer</a></li> <li>Memupuk perumian konsisten oleh penutur asli bahasa Korea dengan lebih baik mentranskripsikan ciri-ciri bahasa penting dengan lebih berkesan</li> <li>Mengurangkan kekeliruan yang disebabkan oleh kecenderungan mengabaikan tanda koma atas dan <a href="/wiki/Diakritik" title="Diakritik">diakritik</a></li> <li>Merasionalkan bahasa Korea dengan teks ASCII biasa dalam nama-nama domain internet</li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Panduan_transkripsi">Panduan transkripsi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perumian_Semakan_Bahasa_Korea&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bahagian: Panduan transkripsi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perumian_Semakan_Bahasa_Korea&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Panduan transkripsi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Huruf_vokal">Huruf vokal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perumian_Semakan_Bahasa_Korea&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bahagian: Huruf vokal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perumian_Semakan_Bahasa_Korea&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Huruf vokal"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>ㅏ</th> <th>ㅓ</th> <th>ㅗ</th> <th>ㅜ</th> <th>ㅡ</th> <th>ㅣ</th> <th>ㅐ </th></tr> <tr> <td>a</td> <td>eo</td> <td>o</td> <td>u</td> <td>eu</td> <td>i</td> <td>ae </td></tr> <tr> <th>ㅔ</th> <th>ㅚ</th> <th>ㅟ</th> <th>ㅑ</th> <th>ㅕ</th> <th>ㅛ</th> <th>ㅠ </th></tr> <tr> <td>e</td> <td>oe</td> <td>wi</td> <td>ya</td> <td>yeo</td> <td>yo</td> <td>yu </td></tr> <tr> <th>ㅒ</th> <th>ㅖ</th> <th>ㅘ</th> <th>ㅙ</th> <th>ㅝ</th> <th>ㅞ</th> <th>ㅢ </th></tr> <tr> <td>yae</td> <td>ye</td> <td>wa</td> <td>wae</td> <td>wo</td> <td>we</td> <td>ui </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Huruf_konsonan">Huruf konsonan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perumian_Semakan_Bahasa_Korea&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bahagian: Huruf konsonan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perumian_Semakan_Bahasa_Korea&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Huruf konsonan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>ㄱ</th> <th>ㄲ</th> <th>ㅋ</th> <th>ㄷ</th> <th>ㄸ</th> <th>ㅌ</th> <th>ㅂ</th> <th>ㅃ</th> <th>ㅍ </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>g, k</td> <td>kk</td> <td>k</td> <td>d, t</td> <td>tt</td> <td>t</td> <td>b, p</td> <td>pp</td> <td>p </td></tr> <tr> <th>ㅈ</th> <th>ㅉ</th> <th>ㅊ</th> <th>ㅅ</th> <th>ㅆ</th> <th>ㅎ</th> <th>ㄴ</th> <th>ㅁ</th> <th>ㅇ</th> <th>ㄹ </th></tr> <tr> <td>j</td> <td>jj</td> <td>ch</td> <td>s</td> <td>ss</td> <td>h</td> <td>n</td> <td>m</td> <td>ng</td> <td>r, l </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Perumian semakan ini mentranskripsikan perubahan fonetik tertentu yang terjadi dengan kombinasi konsonan akhir satu aksara dengan konsonan awal aksara seterusnya: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="border:none"></th> <th style="border:none">awal → </th> <th>ㅇ</th> <th>ㄱ</th> <th>ㄴ</th> <th>ㄷ</th> <th>ㄹ</th> <th>ㅁ</th> <th>ㅂ</th> <th>ㅅ</th> <th>ㅈ</th> <th>ㅊ</th> <th>ㅋ</th> <th>ㅌ</th> <th>ㅍ</th> <th>ㅎ </th></tr> <tr> <th style="border:none">akhir ↓</th> <th style="border:none"> </th> <th></th> <th>g</th> <th>n</th> <th>d</th> <th>r</th> <th>m</th> <th>b</th> <th>s</th> <th>j</th> <th>ch</th> <th>k</th> <th>t</th> <th>p</th> <th>h </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ㄱ</td> <td>k</td> <td>g</td> <td>kg</td> <td>ngn</td> <td>kd</td> <td>ngn</td> <td>ngm</td> <td>kb</td> <td>ks</td> <td>kj</td> <td>kch</td> <td>kk</td> <td>kt</td> <td>kp</td> <td>kh,k </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ㄴ</td> <td>n</td> <td>n</td> <td>ng</td> <td>nn</td> <td>nd</td> <td>ll,nn</td> <td>nm</td> <td>nb</td> <td>ns</td> <td>nj</td> <td>nch</td> <td>nk</td> <td>nt</td> <td>np</td> <td>nh </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ㄷ</td> <td>t</td> <td>d,j</td> <td>tg</td> <td>nn</td> <td>td</td> <td>tr</td> <td>nm</td> <td>tb</td> <td>ts</td> <td>tj</td> <td>tch</td> <td>tk</td> <td>tt</td> <td>tp</td> <td>th,t,ch </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ㄹ</td> <td>l</td> <td>r</td> <td>lg</td> <td>ll</td> <td>ld</td> <td>ll</td> <td>lm</td> <td>lb</td> <td>ls</td> <td>lj</td> <td>lch</td> <td>lk</td> <td>lt</td> <td>lp</td> <td>lh </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ㅁ</td> <td>m</td> <td>m</td> <td>mg</td> <td>mn</td> <td>md</td> <td>mn</td> <td>mm</td> <td>mb</td> <td>ms</td> <td>mj</td> <td>mch</td> <td>mk</td> <td>mt</td> <td>mp</td> <td>mh </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ㅂ</td> <td>p</td> <td>b</td> <td>pg</td> <td>mn</td> <td>pd</td> <td>mn</td> <td>mm</td> <td>pb</td> <td>ps</td> <td>pj</td> <td>pch</td> <td>pk</td> <td>pt</td> <td>pp</td> <td>ph,p </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ㅅ</td> <td>t</td> <td>s</td> <td>tg</td> <td>nn</td> <td>td</td> <td>tr</td> <td>nm</td> <td>tb</td> <td>ss</td> <td>jj</td> <td>tch</td> <td>tk</td> <td>tt</td> <td>tp</td> <td>th,s </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ㅇ</td> <td>ng</td> <td>ng</td> <td>ngg</td> <td>ngn</td> <td>ngd</td> <td>ngn</td> <td>ngm</td> <td>ngb</td> <td>ngs</td> <td>ngj</td> <td>ngch</td> <td>ngk</td> <td>ngt</td> <td>ngp</td> <td>ngh </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ㅈ</td> <td>t</td> <td>j</td> <td>tg</td> <td>nn</td> <td>td</td> <td>tr</td> <td>nm</td> <td>tb</td> <td>ts</td> <td>jj</td> <td>tch</td> <td>tk</td> <td>tt</td> <td>tp</td> <td>th,t,ch </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ㅌ</td> <td>t</td> <td>t,j</td> <td>tg</td> <td>nn</td> <td>td</td> <td>tr</td> <td>nm</td> <td>tb</td> <td>ts</td> <td>tj</td> <td>tch</td> <td>tk</td> <td>tt</td> <td>tp</td> <td>th,t,ch </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>ㅎ</td> <td>h</td> <td>h</td> <td>k</td> <td>hn</td> <td>t</td> <td>hr</td> <td>hm</td> <td>p</td> <td>hs</td> <td>ch</td> <td>hch</td> <td>hk</td> <td>ht</td> <td>hp</td> <td>hh </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rujukan">Rujukan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perumian_Semakan_Bahasa_Korea&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bahagian: Rujukan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perumian_Semakan_Bahasa_Korea&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Rujukan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6173370">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-MoCT2000-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MoCT2000_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5110723">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070916025652/http://www.korea.net/korea/kor_loca.asp?code=A020303">"Ministry of Culture & Tourism: <i>The Revised Romanization of Korean</i>"</a>. 2000. Diarkibkan daripada <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.korea.net/korea/kor_loca.asp?code=A020303">yang asal</a> pada 2007-09-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">2007-05-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ministry+of+Culture+%26+Tourism%3A+The+Revised+Romanization+of+Korean&rft.date=2000&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.korea.net%2Fkorea%2Fkor_loca.asp%3Fcode%3DA020303&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3APerumian+Semakan+Bahasa+Korea" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|month=</code> ignored (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#parameter_ignored" class="extiw" title="en:Help:CS1 errors">bantuan</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pautan_luar">Pautan luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perumian_Semakan_Bahasa_Korea&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bahagian: Pautan luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perumian_Semakan_Bahasa_Korea&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Pautan luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.president.go.kr/cwd/en/korea/Korea_01_4_b_4.html">Perumian Bahasa Korea</a> daripada Pejabat Presiden; menukar pengekodan bagi EUC-KR secara manual</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.korean.go.kr/06_new/rule/rule06.jsp">Institut Bahasa Korea Negara</a> (tanpa jadual yang diringkaskan)</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5868370">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Quill_and_ink.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ikon tunas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/30px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/45px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Quill_and_ink.svg/60px-Quill_and_ink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="152" data-file-height="152" /></a></span></td><td><p class="asbox-body">Rencana <a href="/wiki/Sistem_tulisan" title="Sistem tulisan">sistem tulisan</a> ini ialah <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tunas" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Tunas">rencana tunas</a>. Anda boleh membantu Wikipedia dengan <a class="external text" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perumian_Semakan_Bahasa_Korea&action=edit">mengembangkannya</a>.</p></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5375175">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Tunas-sistem-tulisan" title="Templat:Tunas-sistem-tulisan"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bincang"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perbincangan_templat:Tunas-sistem-tulisan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perbincangan templat:Tunas-sistem-tulisan (laman tidak wujud)"><abbr title="Bincang templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Tunas-sistem-tulisan&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diambil daripada "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perumian_Semakan_Bahasa_Korea&oldid=5270598">https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perumian_Semakan_Bahasa_Korea&oldid=5270598</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Kategori" title="Khas:Kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Bahasa_Korea" title="Kategori:Bahasa Korea">Bahasa Korea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Piawaian_ISO" title="Kategori:Piawaian ISO">Piawaian ISO</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Tunas_sistem_tulisan" title="Kategori:Tunas sistem tulisan">Tunas sistem tulisan</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori-kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:CS1_errors:_unsupported_parameter" title="Kategori:CS1 errors: unsupported parameter">CS1 errors: unsupported parameter</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Rencana_yang_mengandungi_teks_bahasa_Korea" title="Kategori:Rencana yang mengandungi teks bahasa Korea">Rencana yang mengandungi teks bahasa Korea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Lang_and_lang-xx_using_deprecated_ISO_639_codes" title="Kategori:Lang and lang-xx using deprecated ISO 639 codes">Lang and lang-xx using deprecated ISO 639 codes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Semua_rencana_tunas" title="Kategori:Semua rencana tunas">Semua rencana tunas</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Laman ini kali terakhir disunting pada 22:09, 2 September 2021.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teks disediakan di bawah <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ms">Lesen Creative Commons Pengiktirafan/Perkongsian Serupa</a>; terma tambahan mungkin digunapakai. 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