Compiling Bazel from Source

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</ul> <devsite-thumb-rating position="header"> </devsite-thumb-rating> </div> <devsite-feedback position="header" project-name="Bazel" product-id="5052038" bucket="https-bazel-build" context="" version="t-devsite-webserver-20241114-r00-rc02.464921008191574316" data-label="Send Feedback Button" track-type="feedback" track-name="sendFeedbackLink" track-metadata-position="header" class="nocontent" project-icon="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/bazel/images/touchicon-180.png" > <button> Send feedback </button> </devsite-feedback> <h1 class="devsite-page-title" tabindex="-1"> Compiling Bazel from Source </h1> <devsite-feature-tooltip ack-key="AckCollectionsBookmarkTooltipDismiss" analytics-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" analytics-action-show="Callout Profile displayed" analytics-action-close="Callout Profile dismissed" analytics-label="Create Collection Callout" class="devsite-page-bookmark-tooltip nocontent" dismiss-button="true" id="devsite-collections-dropdown" dismiss-button-text="Dismiss" close-button-text="Got it"> <devsite-bookmark></devsite-bookmark> <span slot="popout-heading"> Stay organized with collections </span> <span slot="popout-contents"> Save and categorize content based on your preferences. </span> </devsite-feature-tooltip> <div class="devsite-page-title-meta"><devsite-view-release-notes></devsite-view-release-notes></div> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" depth="2" devsite-toc-embedded > </devsite-toc> <div class="devsite-article-body clearfix "> <a class="button button-with-icon" href="https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/issues/new?title=%5Bbazel.build%5D+Problem+with+/versions/6.5.0/install/compile-source&template=doc_issue.yml&link=https%3A%2F%2Fbazel.build/versions/6.5.0/install/compile-source" target="_blank"> Report an issue<span class="material-icons icon-after" aria-hidden="true" translate="no">open_in_new</span> </a> <a class="button button-with-icon" href="https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/tree/master/site/en/versions/6.5.0/install/compile-source.md" target="_blank"> View source<span class="material-icons icon-after" aria-hidden="true" translate="no">open_in_new</span> </a> <span style="float: right; line-height: 36px"> <a href="/install/compile-source">Nightly</a>   · <a href="/versions/7.4.0/install/compile-source">7.4</a> . <a href="/versions/7.3.0/install/compile-source">7.3</a> · <a href="/versions/7.2.0/install/compile-source">7.2</a> · <a href="/versions/7.1.0/install/compile-source">7.1</a> · <a href="/versions/7.0.0/install/compile-source">7.0</a> · <strong>6.5</strong>  </span> <p/> <p>This page describes how to install Bazel from source and provides troubleshooting tips for common issues.</p> <p>To build Bazel from source, you can do one of the following:</p> <ul> <li><p>Build it <a href="#build-bazel-using-bazel">using an existing Bazel binary</a></p></li> <li><p>Build it <a href="#bootstrap-bazel">without an existing Bazel binary</a> which is known as <em>bootstrapping</em>.</p></li> </ul> <h2 id="build-bazel-using-bazel" data-text="Build Bazel using Bazel" tabindex="-1">Build Bazel using Bazel</h2> <h3 id="summary" data-text="Summary" tabindex="-1">Summary</h3> <ol> <li><p>Get the latest Bazel release from the <a href="https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/releases" class="external">GitHub release page</a> or with <a href="https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazelisk" class="external">Bazelisk</a>.</p></li> <li><p><a href="https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/archive/master.zip" class="external">Download Bazel's sources from GitHub</a> and extract somewhere. Alternatively you can git clone the source tree from https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel</p></li> <li><p>Install the same prerequisites as for bootstrapping (see <a href="#bootstrap-unix-prereq">for Unix-like systems</a> or <a href="#bootstrap-windows-prereq">for Windows</a>)</p></li> <li><p>Build a development build of Bazel using Bazel: <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel build //src:bazel-dev</code> (or <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel build //src:bazel-dev.exe</code> on Windows)</p></li> <li><p>The resulting binary is at <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel-bin/src/bazel-dev</code> (or <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel-bin\src\bazel-dev.exe</code> on Windows). You can copy it wherever you like and use immediately without further installation.</p></li> </ol> <p>Detailed instructions follow below.</p> <h3 id="build-bazel-install-bazel" data-text="Step 1: Get the latest Bazel release" tabindex="-1">Step 1: Get the latest Bazel release</h3> <p><strong>Goal</strong>: Install or download a release version of Bazel. Make sure you can run it by typing <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel</code> in a terminal.</p> <p><strong>Reason</strong>: To build Bazel from a GitHub source tree, you need a pre-existing Bazel binary. You can install one from a package manager or download one from GitHub. See <a href="/versions/6.5.0/install">Installing Bazel</a>. (Or you can <a href="#bootstrap-bazel">build from scratch (bootstrap)</a>.)</p> <p><strong>Troubleshooting</strong>:</p> <ul> <li><p>If you cannot run Bazel by typing <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel</code> in a terminal:</p> <ul> <li><p>Maybe your Bazel binary's directory is not on the PATH.</p> <p>This is not a big problem. Instead of typing <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel</code>, you will need to type the full path.</p></li> <li><p>Maybe the Bazel binary itself is not called <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel</code> (on Unixes) or <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel.exe</code> (on Windows).</p> <p>This is not a big problem. You can either rename the binary, or type the binary's name instead of <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel</code>.</p></li> <li><p>Maybe the binary is not executable (on Unixes).</p> <p>You must make the binary executable by running <code translate="no" dir="ltr">chmod +x /path/to/bazel</code>.</p></li> </ul></li> </ul> <h3 id="build-bazel-git" data-text="Step 2: Download Bazel's sources from GitHub" tabindex="-1">Step 2: Download Bazel's sources from GitHub</h3> <p>If you are familiar with Git, then just git clone https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel</p> <p>Otherwise:</p> <ol> <li><p>Download the <a href="https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/archive/master.zip" class="external">latest sources as a zip file</a>.</p></li> <li><p>Extract the contents somewhere.</p> <p>For example create a <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel-src</code> directory under your home directory and extract there.</p></li> </ol> <h3 id="build-bazel-prerequisites" data-text="Step 3: Install prerequisites" tabindex="-1">Step 3: Install prerequisites</h3> <p>Install the same prerequisites as for bootstrapping (see below) -- JDK, C++ compiler, MSYS2 (if you are building on Windows), etc.</p> <h3 id="build-bazel-on-unixes" data-text="Step 4a: Build Bazel on Ubuntu Linux, macOS, and other Unix-like systems" tabindex="-1">Step 4a: Build Bazel on Ubuntu Linux, macOS, and other Unix-like systems</h3> <p>For instructions for Windows, see <a href="#build-bazel-on-windows">Build Bazel on Windows</a>.</p> <p><strong>Goal</strong>: Run Bazel to build a custom Bazel binary (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel-bin/src/bazel-dev</code>).</p> <p><strong>Instructions</strong>:</p> <ol> <li><p>Start a Bash terminal</p></li> <li><p><code translate="no" dir="ltr">cd</code> into the directory where you extracted (or cloned) Bazel's sources.</p> <p>For example if you extracted the sources under your home directory, run:</p> <pre class="prettyprint" translate="no" dir="ltr"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">cd ~/bazel-src </code></pre></li> <li><p>Build Bazel from source:</p> <pre class="prettyprint" translate="no" dir="ltr"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel build //src:bazel-dev </code></pre> <p>Alternatively you can run <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel build //src:bazel --compilation_mode=opt</code> to yield a smaller binary but it's slower to build.</p></li> <li><p>The output will be at <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel-bin/src/bazel-dev</code> (or <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel-bin/src/bazel</code>).</p></li> </ol> <h3 id="build-bazel-on-windows" data-text="Step 4b: Build Bazel on Windows" tabindex="-1">Step 4b: Build Bazel on Windows</h3> <p>For instructions for Unix-like systems, see <a href="#build-bazel-on-unixes">Ubuntu Linux, macOS, and other Unix-like systems</a>.</p> <p><strong>Goal</strong>: Run Bazel to build a custom Bazel binary (<code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel-bin\src\bazel-dev.exe</code>).</p> <p><strong>Instructions</strong>:</p> <ol> <li><p>Start Command Prompt (Start Menu > Run > "cmd.exe")</p></li> <li><p><code translate="no" dir="ltr">cd</code> into the directory where you extracted (or cloned) Bazel's sources.</p> <p>For example if you extracted the sources under your home directory, run:</p> <pre class="prettyprint" translate="no" dir="ltr"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">cd %USERPROFILE%\bazel-src </code></pre></li> <li><p>Build Bazel from source:</p> <pre class="prettyprint" translate="no" dir="ltr"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel build //src:bazel-dev.exe </code></pre> <p>Alternatively you can run <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel build //src:bazel.exe --compilation_mode=opt</code> to yield a smaller binary but it's slower to build.</p></li> <li><p>The output will be at <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel-bin\src\bazel-dev.exe</code> (or <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel-bin\src\bazel.exe</code>).</p></li> </ol> <h3 id="build-bazel-install" data-text="Step 5: Install the built binary" tabindex="-1">Step 5: Install the built binary</h3> <p>Actually, there's nothing to install.</p> <p>The output of the previous step is a self-contained Bazel binary. You can copy it to any directory and use immediately. (It's useful if that directory is on your PATH so that you can run "bazel" everywhere.)</p> <hr> <h2 id="bootstrap-bazel" data-text="Build Bazel from scratch (bootstrapping)" tabindex="-1">Build Bazel from scratch (bootstrapping)</h2> <p>You can also build Bazel from scratch, without using an existing Bazel binary.</p> <h3 id="download-distfile" data-text="Step 1: Download Bazel's sources (distribution archive)" tabindex="-1">Step 1: Download Bazel's sources (distribution archive)</h3> <p>(This step is the same for all platforms.)</p> <ol> <li><p>Download <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel-<version>-dist.zip</code> from <a href="https://github.com/bazelbuild/bazel/releases" class="external">GitHub</a>, for example <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel-0.28.1-dist.zip</code>.</p> <p><strong>Attention</strong>:</p> <ul> <li>There is a <strong>single, architecture-independent</strong> distribution archive. There are no architecture-specific or OS-specific distribution archives.</li> <li>These sources are <strong>not the same as the GitHub source tree</strong>. You have to use the distribution archive to bootstrap Bazel. You cannot use a source tree cloned from GitHub. (The distribution archive contains generated source files that are required for bootstrapping and are not part of the normal Git source tree.)</li> </ul></li> <li><p>Unpack the distribution archive somewhere on disk.</p> <p>You should verify the signature made by Bazel's <a href="https://bazel.build/bazel-release.pub.gpg">release key</a> 3D5919B448457EE0.</p></li> </ol> <h3 id="bootstrap-unix-overview" data-text="Step 2a: Bootstrap Bazel on Ubuntu Linux, macOS, and other Unix-like systems" tabindex="-1">Step 2a: Bootstrap Bazel on Ubuntu Linux, macOS, and other Unix-like systems</h3> <p>For instructions for Windows, see <a href="#bootstrap-windows">Bootstrap Bazel on Windows</a>.</p> <h4 id="bootstrap-unix-prereq" data-text="2.1. Install the prerequisites" tabindex="-1">2.1. Install the prerequisites</h4> <ul> <li><p><strong>Bash</strong></p></li> <li><p><strong>zip, unzip</strong></p></li> <li><p><strong>C++ build toolchain</strong></p></li> <li><p><strong>JDK.</strong> Version 11 is required.</p></li> <li><p><strong>Python</strong>. Versions 2 and 3 are supported, installing one of them is enough.</p></li> </ul> <p>For example on Ubuntu Linux you can install these requirements using the following command:</p> <pre class="prettyprint lang-sh" translate="no" dir="ltr"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">sudo apt-get install build-essential openjdk-11-jdk python zip unzip </code></pre> <h4 id="bootstrap-unix" data-text="2.2. Bootstrap Bazel on Unix" tabindex="-1">2.2. Bootstrap Bazel on Unix</h4> <ol> <li><p>Open a shell or Terminal window.</p></li> <li><p><code translate="no" dir="ltr">cd</code> to the directory where you unpacked the distribution archive.</p></li> <li><p>Run the compilation script: <code translate="no" dir="ltr">env EXTRA_BAZEL_ARGS="--tool_java_runtime_version=local_jdk" bash ./compile.sh</code>.</p></li> </ol> <p>The compiled output is placed into <code translate="no" dir="ltr">output/bazel</code>. This is a self-contained Bazel binary, without an embedded JDK. You can copy it anywhere or use it in-place. For convenience, copy this binary to a directory that's on your <code translate="no" dir="ltr">PATH</code> (such as <code translate="no" dir="ltr">/usr/local/bin</code> on Linux).</p> <p>To build the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel</code> binary in a reproducible way, also set <a href="https://reproducible-builds.org/specs/source-date-epoch/"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH</code></a> in the "Run the compilation script" step.</p> <h3 id="bootstrap-windows-overview" data-text="Step 2b: Bootstrap Bazel on Windows" tabindex="-1">Step 2b: Bootstrap Bazel on Windows</h3> <p>For instructions for Unix-like systems, see <a href="#bootstrap-unix">Bootstrap Bazel on Ubuntu Linux, macOS, and other Unix-like systems</a>.</p> <h4 id="bootstrap-windows-prereq" data-text="2.1. Install the prerequisites" tabindex="-1">2.1. Install the prerequisites</h4> <ul> <li><p><a href="https://msys2.github.io/">MSYS2 shell</a></p></li> <li><p><strong>The MSYS2 packages for zip and unzip.</strong> Run the following command in the MSYS2 shell:</p> <pre class="prettyprint" translate="no" dir="ltr"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">pacman -S zip unzip patch </code></pre></li> <li><p><strong>The Visual C++ compiler.</strong> Install the Visual C++ compiler either as part of Visual Studio 2015 or newer, or by installing the latest <a href="https://aka.ms/BuildTools">Build Tools for Visual Studio 2017</a>.</p></li> <li><p><strong>JDK.</strong> Version 11 is required.</p></li> <li><p><strong>Python</strong>. Versions 2 and 3 are supported, installing one of them is enough. You need the Windows-native version (downloadable from <a href="https://www.python.org">https://www.python.org</a>). Versions installed via pacman in MSYS2 will not work.</p></li> </ul> <h4 id="bootstrap-windows" data-text="2.2. Bootstrap Bazel on Windows" tabindex="-1">2.2. Bootstrap Bazel on Windows</h4> <ol> <li><p>Open the MSYS2 shell.</p></li> <li><p>Set the following environment variables:</p> <ul> <li>Either <code translate="no" dir="ltr">BAZEL_VS</code> or <code translate="no" dir="ltr">BAZEL_VC</code> (they are <em>not</em> the same): Set to the path to the Visual Studio directory (BAZEL_V<b>S</b>) or to the Visual C++ directory (BAZEL_V<b>C</b>). Setting one of them is enough.</li> <li><p><code translate="no" dir="ltr">BAZEL_SH</code>: Path of the MSYS2 <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bash.exe</code>. See the command in the examples below.</p> <p>Do not set this to <code translate="no" dir="ltr">C:\Windows\System32\bash.exe</code>. (You have that file if you installed Windows Subsystem for Linux.) Bazel does not support this version of <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bash.exe</code>.</p></li> <li><p><code translate="no" dir="ltr">PATH</code>: Add the Python directory.</p></li> <li><p><code translate="no" dir="ltr">JAVA_HOME</code>: Set to the JDK directory.</p></li> </ul> <p><strong>Example</strong> (using BAZEL_V<b>S</b>):</p> <pre class="prettyprint" translate="no" dir="ltr"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">export BAZEL_VS="C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/BuildTools" export BAZEL_SH="$(cygpath -m $(realpath $(which bash)))" export PATH="/c/python27:$PATH" export JAVA_HOME="C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.8.0_112" </code></pre> <p>or (using BAZEL_V<b>C</b>):</p> <pre class="prettyprint" translate="no" dir="ltr"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">export BAZEL_VC="C:/Program Files (x86)/Microsoft Visual Studio/2017/BuildTools/VC" export BAZEL_SH="$(cygpath -m $(realpath $(which bash)))" export PATH="/c/python27:$PATH" export JAVA_HOME="C:/Program Files/Java/jdk1.8.0_112" </code></pre></li> <li><p><code translate="no" dir="ltr">cd</code> to the directory where you unpacked the distribution archive.</p></li> <li><p>Run the compilation script: <code translate="no" dir="ltr">env EXTRA_BAZEL_ARGS="--tool_java_runtime_version=local_jdk" ./compile.sh</code></p></li> </ol> <p>The compiled output is placed into <code translate="no" dir="ltr">output/bazel.exe</code>. This is a self-contained Bazel binary, without an embedded JDK. You can copy it anywhere or use it in-place. For convenience, copy this binary to a directory that's on your <code translate="no" dir="ltr">PATH</code>.</p> <p>To build the <code translate="no" dir="ltr">bazel.exe</code> binary in a reproducible way, also set <a href="https://reproducible-builds.org/specs/source-date-epoch/"><code translate="no" dir="ltr">SOURCE_DATE_EPOCH</code></a> in the "Run the compilation script" step.</p> <p>You don't need to run Bazel from the MSYS2 shell. 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