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Rahmawaty</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Novia Liza Rahmawaty"> <meta name="keywords" content="Novia Liza Rahmawaty"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Novia Liza Rahmawaty"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 16</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Novia Liza Rahmawaty</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Character Bioacoustics White-Rumped Shama Copsychus malabaricus as a Cage-Bird</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Novia%20Liza%20Rahmawaty">Novia Liza Rahmawaty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wilson%20Novarino"> Wilson Novarino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Nazri%20Janra"> Muhammad Nazri Janra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Indonesian people love to keep songbird in cage to be competed, such as White-rumped Shama (Copsychus malabaricus). Each individual White-rumped Shama will be pitted their song and try to imitate the rhythm of the enemy with its songs. This study was conducted to see the natural song characters of White-rumped Shama and song character from birds that had been trained and comparison in three different places in West Sumatra. Individuals were recorded totaling 30 individuals in three areas in West Sumatra namely Padang, Solok and Pariaman and sound recordings of White-rumped Shama in nature were taken in HBW and Xenocanto website. Research has done conducted from June to October 2016 at place group practice of birdsongs and recorded at 16:00 to 18:00 pm. These voices were analyzed by Avisoft SAS-Lab Lite inform of oscillogram and sonogram. Measured parameters included: the length of voice, repertoire size, number of syllable type, syllable repertoire, and song repertoire. The results showed that repertoire composition of White-rumped Shama in nature less than the sound which was trained and has repeat songs composed by the same type of repertoire composition. Comparison of song character White-rumped Shama in three different places in West Sumatra, those birds in Solok had the best quality of voice or song than Padang and Pariaman. It showed by higher repertoire composition in Solok. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=repertoire%20composition" title="repertoire composition">repertoire composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=song%20characters" title=" song characters"> song characters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=songbird" title=" songbird"> songbird</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=white-rumped%20shama" title=" white-rumped shama"> white-rumped shama</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67049/character-bioacoustics-white-rumped-shama-copsychus-malabaricus-as-a-cage-bird" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67049.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Effects of PAHs on Blood Thyroidal Hormones of Liza klunzingeri in the Northern Part of Hormuz Strait (Persian Gulf)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fateme%20Afkhami">Fateme Afkhami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Ehsanpour"> Mohsen Ehsanpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Ehsanpour"> Maryam Ehsanpour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Afkhami"> Majid Afkhami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was conducted to determine the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on thyroidal hormones of Liza klunzingeri and to monitor marine pollution from northern part of Hormuz strait (Persian Gulf). Results showed the highest total PAHs levels (268.56 µg/kg) were in the fish samples and the lowest are obtained from water samples (3.12 µg/kg). Also, highest of PAHs levels in fish, sediment and water were found in St3. There was a positive correlation between T3 and T4, with PAHs results. T4 had a significant positive correlation (P<0.05). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PAHs" title="PAHs">PAHs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroidal%20hormones" title=" thyroidal hormones"> thyroidal hormones</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liza%20klunzingeri" title=" Liza klunzingeri"> Liza klunzingeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hormuz%20Strait" title=" Hormuz Strait"> Hormuz Strait</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Persian%20Gulf" title=" Persian Gulf"> Persian Gulf</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14334/effects-of-pahs-on-blood-thyroidal-hormones-of-liza-klunzingeri-in-the-northern-part-of-hormuz-strait-persian-gulf" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14334.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">703</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Determination of Some Biochemical Values for the Liza klunzingeri in Coastal Water of Persian Gulf</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Afkhami">Majid Afkhami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Ehsanpour"> Maryam Ehsanpour </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Serum biochemical can be used for monitoring any changes in the physiological condition of fish and quality of waters. The aim of this paper was to determine of plasma sugar, triglycerides, cholesterol, iron, ALP (alkaline phosphatase) and LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) levels of Liza klunzingeri in Persian Gulf. Blood sample was collected from the caudal vessel with syringes coated with sodium heparin. Biochemical values were: sugar 110.37±28.46 mg/di, triglycerides 96.82±23.40 mg/di, cholesterol 177.28 ±40.75 mg/di, iron 104.74± 19.08 mg/di, ALP 117.62±34.49 u/l, LDH 1613.00±345.34 u/l. A significant positive correlation (P<0.01) was found between triglycerides and sugar. Triglycerides had a significant and positive relationship with cholesterol (P<0.01). ALP also had a significant and positive relationship with sugar (P<0.01) and triglycerides (P<0.05). LDH correlated positively with sugar, cholesterol, triglycerides (P<0.01) and ALP (P<0.05). The results revealed reverse correlation between iron with cholesterol, sugar, triglycerides, ALP, and LDH (P<0.01). This study represents a contribution to the referential biochemical values of the L. klunzingeri. In further studies, the established reference ranges might be useful for the health assessment of this species. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liza%20klunzingeri" title="Liza klunzingeri">Liza klunzingeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood" title=" blood"> blood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ALP" title=" ALP"> ALP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LDH" title=" LDH"> LDH</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14330/determination-of-some-biochemical-values-for-the-liza-klunzingeri-in-coastal-water-of-persian-gulf" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14330.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">625</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Activation-TV® to Reduce Elderly Loneliness and Insecurity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hannele%20Laaksonen">Hannele Laaksonen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seija%20Nyqvist"> Seija Nyqvist</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kari%20Nurmes"> Kari Nurmes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: In the year 2011 the City of Vaasa started to develop know-how in the technology and the introduction of services for aging people in cooperation with the Polytechnic Novia University of Applied Sciences and VAMK, University of Applied Sciences. The project´s targets included: to help elderly people to maintain their ability to function, to provide them social and physical activities, to prevent their social exclusion, to decrease their feelings of loneliness and insecurity and to develop their technical know-how. Methods: The project was built based on open source code, tailor-made service system and user interface for the elderly living at home and their families, based on the users´ expectations and experiences of services. Activation-TV®-project vas carried out 1.4.2011-31.3.2014. A pilot group of eight elderly persons, who were living at home, were selected to the project. All necessary technical means as well as guidance and teaching equipment were provided to the pilot group. The students of University of Applied Sciences (VAMK, Novia) and employees of Center of Ageing were made all programs to the Activation-TV®. The project group were interviewed after and before intervention. The data were evaluated both qualitatively and quantitatively. Results: The built service includes a video library, a group room for interactive programs and a personal room for bilateral meetings and direct shipment. The program is bilingual and produced in both national languages. The Activation TV® reduced elderly peoples´ (n=8) feelings of emptiness, added mental well-being and quality of life with social contacts. Relatives felt, that they were able to get in to older peoples´ everyday life with Activation TV®. Discussion: The built application was tailored to the model that has not been developed elsewhere in Finland. This model can be copied from one server to another and thus transferred to other municipalities but the program requires its own personnel system management and maintenance as well as program production cooperation between the different actors. This service can be used for the elderly who are living at home without dementia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20well-being" title="mental well-being">mental well-being</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elderly%20people" title=" elderly people"> elderly people</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Finland" title=" Finland"> Finland</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13507/activation-tv-to-reduce-elderly-loneliness-and-insecurity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13507.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Life in the Fermata</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liza%20Michaeli">Liza Michaeli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fermata, from fermare, means to be on hold, conjoining contenere (contain), fissare (fasten), and rimanere (stay). It is a musical indication that a note should be (that is, calls to be) prolonged beyond the "normal duration" the note value would indicate. To be "held up" is to be held impractically in the lunga pausa, where the breath "is to be taken," taken in, but the release is impeded. In this pause of unspecified length, life is being prolonged against your discretion but given to you to inhabit. That is why the note value, the recognized "normative value," does not "accept" the significance of the prolongation. The value is interested in "saving time." The query at the heart of "Life in the fermata" will therefore be: is this life on hold, or rather, life holding. The paper shall meditate, via musical notation, on the significance of experience "inside": namely, the hold. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fermata" title="fermata">fermata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experience" title=" experience"> experience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=significance" title=" significance"> significance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20hold" title=" the hold"> the hold</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prolongation" title=" prolongation"> prolongation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142363/life-in-the-fermata" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142363.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Hybrid Obfuscation Technique for Reverse Engineering Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asma%E2%80%99a%20Mahfoud">Asma’a Mahfoud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abu%20Bakar%20Md.%20Sultan"> Abu Bakar Md. Sultan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Azim%20Abd"> Abdul Azim Abd</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhayati%20Mohd%20Ali"> Norhayati Mohd Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Novia%20Admodisastro"> Novia Admodisastro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Obfuscation is a practice to make something difficult and complicated. Programming code is ordinarily obfuscated to protect the intellectual property (IP) and prevent the attacker from reverse engineering (RE) a copyrighted software program. Obfuscation may involve encrypting some or all the code, transforming out potentially revealing data, renaming useful classes and variables (identifiers) names to meaningless labels, or adding unused or meaningless code to an application binary. Obfuscation techniques were not performing effectively recently as the reversing tools are able to break the obfuscated code. We propose in this paper a hybrid obfuscation technique that contains three approaches of renaming. Experimentation was conducted to test the effectiveness of the proposed technique. The experimentation has presented a promising result, where the reversing tools were not able to read the code. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intellectual%20property" title="intellectual property">intellectual property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obfuscation" title=" obfuscation"> obfuscation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20security" title=" software security"> software security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reverse%20engineering" title=" reverse engineering"> reverse engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116796/hybrid-obfuscation-technique-for-reverse-engineering-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116796.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> The Effect of Emotional Support towards Quality of Work Life on Balinese Working Women</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Ketut%20Yoga%20Adityawira">I. Ketut Yoga Adityawira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Putu%20Ayu%20Novia%20Viorica"> Putu Ayu Novia Viorica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Komang%20Rahayu%20Indrawati"> Komang Rahayu Indrawati </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In addition to work and take care of the family, Balinese women also have a role to participate in social activities in Bali. So this will have an impact on the quality of work life of Balinese women. One way to reduce the impact of the fulfillment of the role of Balinese women namely through emotional support. The aim of this research is to find out the effect of emotional support towards the quality of work life on Balinese working women. Data were retrieved by quasi-experimental method with pretest-posttest design. Data were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) through SPSS 17.0 for Windows. The number of subjects in this research is 30 people with the criteria: Balinese Women, aged 27 to 55 years old, have a minimum of two years experience of work and has been married. The analysis showed that there is no effect of emotional support towards the quality of work life on Balinese working women, with information there is no significant of probability value p = 0.304 (p > 0.05). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Balinese%20women" title="Balinese women">Balinese women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotional%20support" title=" emotional support"> emotional support</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20work%20life" title=" quality of work life"> quality of work life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=working%20women" title=" working women"> working women</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85368/the-effect-of-emotional-support-towards-quality-of-work-life-on-balinese-working-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">208</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Laying Hens' Feed Fortified with Pectin, Xanthan Gum and Guar Gum Aims to Reduce the Cholesterol in Muscle and Egg Yolk</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Novia%20Dwi%20Prabandari">Novia Dwi Prabandari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diah%20Ayu%20Asmarani"> Diah Ayu Asmarani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Soluble fiber can accelerate the metabolism of cholesterol. Pectin and gum has been used in the form of substance additive for material stabilizer and emulsifier. Pectin supplementation in laying hens can decimate the cholesterol content in egg yolk and muscle. Therefore, this laying hens’ feed is regular feed chickens enriched with soluble fiber (Pectin, Xanthan gum, and Guar gum) to produce eggs and muscle with lower cholesterol than usual.The ingredients are mixed in the ratio of concentrate 45%, corn flour 25%, soybean meal 20%, and extract of soluble fiber 10%. Once all the ingredients are mixed and then evaporated with temperature < 80 °C. Then put in the grinding machine resulting in a circular shape with holes 2-3 mm in diameter, after it dried up the water content in the feed is less than 14%. Eggs from laying hen with soluble fiber fortification feed intake will have lower cholesterol levels in eggs than regular feed. So even with the cholesterol content in the muscle, it is because chicken feed fortified with soluble fiber will accelerate the metabolism of cholesterol and cause cholesterol deposits in the chicken less. The use of this kind of laying hens feed is produce eggs with high protein content can be consumed more for people who have hypercholesterolemia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pectin" title="pectin">pectin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=xanthan%20gum" title=" xanthan gum"> xanthan gum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guar%20gum" title=" guar gum"> guar gum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laying%20hen" title=" laying hen"> laying hen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cholesterol" title=" cholesterol"> cholesterol</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29483/laying-hens-feed-fortified-with-pectin-xanthan-gum-and-guar-gum-aims-to-reduce-the-cholesterol-in-muscle-and-egg-yolk" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29483.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> A Case Study on English Camp in UNISSA: An Approach towards Interactive Learning Outside the Classroom</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liza%20Mariah%20Hj.%20Azahari">Liza Mariah Hj. Azahari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper will look at a case study on English Camp which was an activity coordinated at the Sultan Sharif Ali Islamic University in 2011. English Camp is a fun and motivation filled activity which brings students and teachers together outside of the classroom setting into a more diverse environment. It also enables teacher and students to gain proximate time together for a mutual purpose which is to explore the language in a more dynamic and relaxed way. First of all, the study will look into the background of English Camp, and how it was introduced and implemented from different contexts. Thereafter, it will explain the objectives of the English Camp coordinated at our university, UNISSA, and what types of activities were conducted. It will then evaluate the effectiveness of the camp as to what extent it managed to meet its motto, which was to foster dynamic interactive learning of English Language. To conclude, the paper presents a potential for further research on the topic as well as a guideline for educators who wish to coordinate the activity. Proposal for collaboration in this activity is further highlighted and encouraged within the paper for future implementation and endeavor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English%20camp" title="English camp">English camp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UNISSA" title=" UNISSA"> UNISSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interactive%20learning" title=" interactive learning"> interactive learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=outside" title=" outside"> outside</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19670/a-case-study-on-english-camp-in-unissa-an-approach-towards-interactive-learning-outside-the-classroom" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19670.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">569</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Cytotoxicity and Apoptosis Activity of Areca catechu Linn. Extract as Natural Anticancer Agent for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liza%20Meutia%20Sari">Liza Meutia Sari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gus%20Permana%20Subita"> Gus Permana Subita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elza%20Ibrahim%20Auerkari"> Elza Ibrahim Auerkari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Many herbs have been discovered to be potential sources of anticancer drugs. Biji Pinang or areca nut (Areca catechu Linn.) has a high content of phenolics and flavonoids, and which is related to antioxidant activity. However, data on its effects on oral squamous cell carcinoma is not available. Objectives: Identification of the cytotoxicity and apoptosis activity in HSC-2 and HSC-3. Methods: The areca nut was extracted by ethanol 96%, MTS assay and apoptosis activity with flow cytometry. Results: The extract of areca nut showed higher toxicity on HSC-3 cell compared to HSC-2. The IC₅₀ of HSC-3 was 164.06 μg/ml vs. 629.50 μg/ml in HSC-2. There was an increase in late apoptosis percentage after 24 and 48 hours in HSC-2. There was a significant increase in early apoptosis percentage after 24 hours and late in 48 hours in HSC-3. Conclusion: The antioxidant activity of the extract of areca nut might be associated with the selective cytotoxicity on HSC-2 and HSC-3. Apoptosis is the major cell death mechanism involved. The areca nut may play an important role in anticancer herb medicine. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=areca%20nut" title="areca nut">areca nut</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title=" apoptosis"> apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20carcinoma" title=" oral carcinoma"> oral carcinoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71234/cytotoxicity-and-apoptosis-activity-of-areca-catechu-linn-extract-as-natural-anticancer-agent-for-oral-squamous-cell-carcinoma" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Reliability of Social Support Measurement Modification of the BC-SSAS among Women with Breast Cancer Who Undergone Chemotherapy in Selected Hospital, Central Java, Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20R.%20Dewi%20Rahmawaty%20Aktyani%20Putri">R. R. Dewi Rahmawaty Aktyani Putri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Earmporn%20Thongkrajai"> Earmporn Thongkrajai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dedy%20Purwito"> Dedy Purwito</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There were many instruments have been developed to assess social support which has the different dimension in breast cancer patients. The Issue of measurement is a challenge to determining the component of dimensional concept, defining the unit of measurement, and establishing the validity and reliability of the measurement. However, the instruments where need to know how much support which obtained and perceived among women with breast cancer who undergone chemotherapy which it can help nurses to prevent of non-adherence in chemotherapy. This study aimed to measure the reliability of BC-SSAS instrument among 30 Indonesian women with breast cancer aged 18 years and above who undergone chemotherapy for six cycles in the oncological unit of Outpatient Department (OPD), Margono Soekardjo Hospital, Central Java, Indonesia. Data were collected during October to December 2015 by using modified the Breast Cancer Social Support Assessment (BC-SSAS). The Cronbach’s alpha analysis was carried out to measure internal consistency for reliability test of BC-SSAS instrument. This study used five experts for content validity index. The results showed that for content validity, I-CVI was 0.98 and S-CVI was 0.98; Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.971 and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the subscales were high, with 0.903 for emotional support, 0.865 for informational support, 0.901 for tangible support, 0.897 for appraisal support and 0.884 for positive interaction support. The results confirmed that the BC-SSAS instrument has high reliability. BC-SSAS instruments were reliable and can be used in health care services to measure the social support received and perceived among women with breast cancer who undergone chemotherapy so that preventive interventions can be developed and the quality of health services can be improved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BC-SSAS" title="BC-SSAS">BC-SSAS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%20with%20breast%20cancer" title=" women with breast cancer"> women with breast cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemotherapy" title=" chemotherapy"> chemotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesia" title=" Indonesia"> Indonesia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46949/reliability-of-social-support-measurement-modification-of-the-bc-ssas-among-women-with-breast-cancer-who-undergone-chemotherapy-in-selected-hospital-central-java-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46949.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Women Academics' Insecure Identity at Work: A Millennials Phenomenon</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emmanouil%20Papavasileiou">Emmanouil Papavasileiou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nikos%20Bozionelos"> Nikos Bozionelos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liza%20Howe-Walsh"> Liza Howe-Walsh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Turnbull"> Sarah Turnbull</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: The research focuses on women academics’ insecure identity at work and examines its link with generational identity. The aim is to enrich understanding of identities at work as a crucial attribute of managing academics in the context of the proliferation of managerialist controls of audit, accountability, monitoring, and performativity. Methodology: Positivist quantitative methodology was utilized. Data were collected from the Scientific Women's Academic Network (SWAN) Charter. Responses from 155 women academics based in the British Higher Education system were analysed. Findings: Analysis showed high prevalence of strong imposter feelings among participants, suggesting high insecurity at work among women academics in the United Kingdom. Generational identity was related to imposter feelings. In particular, Millennials scored significantly higher than the other generational groups. Research implications: The study shows that imposter feelings are variously manifested among the prevalent generations of women academics, while generational identity is a significant antecedent of such feelings. Research limitations: Caution should be exercised in generalizing the findings to national cultural contexts beyond the United Kingdom. Practical and social implications: Contrary to popular depictions of Millennials as self-centered, narcissistic, materialistic and demanding, women academics who are members of this generational group appear significantly more insecure than the preceding generations. Value: The study provides insightful understandings into women academics’ identity at work as a function of generational identity, and provides a fruitful avenue for further research within and beyond this gender group and profession. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academics" title="academics">academics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generational%20diversity" title=" generational diversity"> generational diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imposter%20feelings" title=" imposter feelings"> imposter feelings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=United%20Kingdom" title=" United Kingdom"> United Kingdom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women" title=" women"> women</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work%20identity" title=" work identity"> work identity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92961/women-academics-insecure-identity-at-work-a-millennials-phenomenon" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92961.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Risk Factors for High School Dropouts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Genesis%20F.%20Dela%20Cruz">Genesis F. Dela Cruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liza%20C.%20Costa"> Liza C. Costa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study is concerned with the Risk factors of dropping out among Grade VII students for SY 2012-2013. A total of 87 Grade VII Students-At-Risk-of-Dropping Out (SARDOs) were involved in this study. The descriptive survey method was used in this study. A 50-item questionnaire was used in data gathering. Expert validation was done to determine the validity and reliability of the instrument. The study used Chi Square, Kruskal Wallis Test and Mann Whitney Test in the statistical treatment of data. The study revealed that the respondents are within the standard age limit for Grade VII students in the Philippines which is 13 years old. Males more than females usually becomes SARDOs. SARDOs come from low economic status and complete families contrary to the common belief that they came from single-parent families. The study also showed that parent’s involvement in educating their children on family-related factors contributed to the very good perception on the family related factors. Based on age, there are no significant differences in their perception of the four major recognized risk factors for dropping out among all ages. There are no significant differences in their perception of the family, individual and community related factors for dropping out based on sex. However, females have a more favorable perception when it comes to school related factors. No significant differences in their perception of dropping out were also noted when they are classified according to distance of school from home. The respondents do not differ in their perception on family, individual and community related factors when they are classified according to type of family. When surveyed regarding the respondents’ reason for being absent, it was found out that laziness and being late are the two major reasons. Respondents also perceived remedial and tutorial classes as school-initiated intervention measure to prevent school disengagement or dropping out. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drop-out" title="drop-out">drop-out</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guidance%20and%20counseling" title=" guidance and counseling"> guidance and counseling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20initiated%20intervention" title=" school initiated intervention"> school initiated intervention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students%20at%20risk%20of%20dropping%20out" title=" students at risk of dropping out"> students at risk of dropping out</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37940/risk-factors-for-high-school-dropouts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37940.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Developing a DNN Model for the Production of Biogas From a Hybrid BO-TPE System in an Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hadjer%20Sadoune">Hadjer Sadoune</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liza%20Lamini"> Liza Lamini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Scherazade%20Krim"> Scherazade Krim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amel%20Djouadi"> Amel Djouadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachida%20Rihani"> Rachida Rihani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Deep neural networks are highly regarded for their accuracy in predicting intricate fermentation processes. Their ability to learn from a large amount of datasets through artificial intelligence makes them particularly effective models. The primary obstacle in improving the performance of these models is to carefully choose the suitable hyperparameters, including the neural network architecture (number of hidden layers and hidden units), activation function, optimizer, learning rate, and other relevant factors. This study predicts biogas production from real wastewater treatment plant data using a sophisticated approach: hybrid Bayesian optimization with a tree-structured Parzen estimator (BO-TPE) for an optimised deep neural network (DNN) model. The plant utilizes an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) digester that treats industrial wastewater from soft drinks and breweries. The digester has a working volume of 1574 m3 and a total volume of 1914 m3. Its internal diameter and height were 19 and 7.14 m, respectively. The data preprocessing was conducted with meticulous attention to preserving data quality while avoiding data reduction. Three normalization techniques were applied to the pre-processed data (MinMaxScaler, RobustScaler and StandardScaler) and compared with the Non-Normalized data. The RobustScaler approach has strong predictive ability for estimating the volume of biogas produced. The highest predicted biogas volume was 2236.105 Nm³/d, with coefficient of determination (R2), mean absolute error (MAE), and root mean square error (RMSE) values of 0.712, 164.610, and 223.429, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anaerobic%20digestion" title="anaerobic digestion">anaerobic digestion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biogas%20production" title=" biogas production"> biogas production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20neural%20network" title=" deep neural network"> deep neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20bo-tpe" title=" hybrid bo-tpe"> hybrid bo-tpe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperparameters%20tuning" title=" hyperparameters tuning"> hyperparameters tuning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185307/developing-a-dnn-model-for-the-production-of-biogas-from-a-hybrid-bo-tpe-system-in-an-anaerobic-wastewater-treatment-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">38</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Science and Mathematics Instructional Strategies, Teaching Performance and Academic Achievement in Selected Secondary Schools in Upland</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Belen%20C.%20Costa">Maria Belen C. Costa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liza%20C.%20Costa"> Liza C. Costa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Teachers have an important influence on students’ academic achievement. Teachers play a crucial role in educational attainment because they stand in the interface of the transmission of knowledge, values, and skills in the learning process through the instructional strategies they employ in the classroom. The level of achievement of students in school depends on the degree of effectiveness of instructional strategies used by the teacher. Thus, this study was conceptualized and conducted to examine the instructional strategies preferred and used by the Science and Mathematics teachers and the impact of those strategies in their teaching performance and students’ academic achievement in Science and Mathematics. The participants of the study comprised a total enumeration of 61 teachers who were chosen through total enumeration and 610 students who were selected using two-stage random sampling technique. The descriptive correlation design was used in this study with a self-made questionnaire as the main tool in the data gathering procedure. Relationship among variables was tested and analyzed using Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient and Wilcoxon Signed Rank statistics. The teacher participants under study mainly belonged to the age group of ‘young’ (35 years and below) and most were females having ‘very much experienced’ (16 years and above) in teaching. Teaching performance was found to be ‘very satisfactory’ while academic achievement in Science and Mathematics was found to be ‘satisfactory’. Demographic profile and teaching performance of teacher participants were found to be ‘not significant’ to their instructional strategy preferences. Results implied that age, sex, level of education and length of service of the teachers does not affect their preference on a particular instructional strategy. However, the teacher participants’ extent of use of the different instructional strategies was found to be ‘significant’ to their teaching performance. The instructional strategies being used by the teachers were found to have a direct effect on their teaching performance. Academic achievement of student participants was found to be ‘significant’ to the teacher participants’ instructional strategy preferences. The preference of the teachers on instructional strategies had a significant effect on the students’ academic performance. On the other hand, teacher participants’ extent of use of instructional strategies was showed to be ‘not significant’ to the academic achievement of students in Science and Mathematics. The instructional strategy being used by the teachers did not affect the level of performance of students in Science and Mathematics. The results of the study revealed that there was a significant difference between the teacher participants’ preference of instructional strategy and the student participants’ instructional strategy preference as well as between teacher participants’ extent of use and student participants’ perceived level of use of the different instructional strategies. Findings found a discrepancy between the teaching strategy preferences of students and strategies implemented by teachers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20achievement" title="academic achievement">academic achievement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extent%20of%20use" title=" extent of use"> extent of use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instructional%20strategy" title=" instructional strategy"> instructional strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preferences" title=" preferences"> preferences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38059/science-and-mathematics-instructional-strategies-teaching-performance-and-academic-achievement-in-selected-secondary-schools-in-upland" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38059.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Diplomacy in Times of Disaster: Management through Reputational Capital</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Liza%20Ireni-Saban">Liza Ireni-Saban</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The 6.6 magnitude quake event that occurred in 2003 (Bam, Iran) made it impossible for the Iranian government to handle disaster relief efforts domestically. In this extreme event, the Iranian government reached out to the international community, and this created a momentum that had to be carried out by trust-building efforts on all sides, often termed ‘Disaster Diplomacy’. Indeed, the circumstances were even more critical when one considers the increasing political and economic isolation of Iran within the international community. The potential for transformative political space to be opened by disaster has been recognized by dominant international political actors. Despite the fact that Bam 2003 post-disaster relief efforts did not catalyze any diplomatic activities on all sides, it is suggested that few international aid agencies have successfully used disaster recovery to enhance their popular legitimacy and reputation among the international community. In terms of disaster diplomacy, an actor’s reputational capital may affect his ability to build coalitions and alliances to achieve international political ends, to negotiate and build understanding and trust with foreign publics. This study suggests that the post-disaster setting may benefit from using the ecology of games framework to evaluate the role of bridging actors and mediators in facilitating collaborative governance networks. Recent developments in network theory and analysis provide means of structural embeddedness to explore how reputational capital can be built through brokerage roles of actors engaged in a disaster management network. This paper then aims to structure the relations among actors that participated in the post-disaster relief efforts in the 2003 Bam earthquake (Iran) in order to assess under which conditions actors may be strategically utilized to serve as mediating organizations for future disaster events experienced by isolated nations or nations in conflict. The results indicate the strategic use of reputational capital by the Iranian Ministry of Foreign Affairs as key broker to build a successful coordinative system for reducing disaster vulnerabilities. International aid agencies rarely played brokerage roles to coordinate peripheral actors. U.S. foreign assistance (USAID), despite coordination capacities, was prevented from serving brokerage roles in the system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coordination" title="coordination">coordination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster%20diplomacy" title=" disaster diplomacy"> disaster diplomacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20aid%20organizations" title=" international aid organizations"> international aid organizations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98750/diplomacy-in-times-of-disaster-management-through-reputational-capital" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98750.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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