Treatment of Substance Use Disorders | Overdose Prevention

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class="view-all" href="/overdose-prevention/site.html"> View All </a> </div> </div> </header> <main class="container cdc-main" role="main" aria-label="Main Content Area"> <section class="cdc-page-title-bar cdc-page-offset noindex"> <time class="cdc-page-title-bar__item cdc-page-title-bar__item--date" datetime="2024-04-25 04:00:00"> April 25, 2024 </time> </section> <div class="cdc-page-feature cdc-page-feature--ssi"></div> <div class="cdc-page-title cdc-page-offset syndicate"> <h1>Treatment of Substance Use Disorders</h1> </div> <div id="content" class="cdc-page-content cdc-page-offset syndicate container"> <div class="cdc-dfe-body "> <div class="cdc-dfe-body__top "> <div class="dfe-section dfe-section--page-summary summary-list" data-section="cdc_treatment_page_summary"> <div class="dfe-section__header"> <h2>Key points</h2> </div> <div class="dfe-section__content"> <ul class="nested-list"> <li class="level-1">Millions of Americans have a substance use disorder (SUD), and it remains an important health issue in our country.<ul> </ul> </li> <li class="level-1">In 2022, more than one in six Americans aged 12 or older reported experiencing a SUD.<ul> </ul> </li> <li class="level-1">With effective treatment, recovery is possible for everyone. There is strength in getting help.<ul> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="dfe-section__image" id="page-summary-image"> <figure class="dfe-image dfe-image__large"><div class="image-container calculated-ratio-16-9 aspect-ratio-16-9"><img src="https://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/media/images/Hugging-in-therapy.jpg" alt="A woman and man hugging in therapy."></div></figure> </div> <div id="nav-buttons"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cdc-dfe-body__center "> <div class="dfe-section" data-section="cdc_treatment_overview"> <a class="onThisPageAnchor" id="cdc_treatment_overview-what-is-an-sud" name="What%20is%20an%20SUD?" title="What is an SUD?"></a><h2>What is an SUD?</h2> <p>A substance use disorder (SUD) is a treatable, chronic disease characterized by a cluster of cognitive, behavioral, and physiological symptoms indicating that the individual continues using the substance despite significant substance-related problems.<span class="cdc-references-cite"><a class="cdc-references-cite__link" href="#cdcreference_1" aria-label="Reference link 1">1</a></span> In 2022, more than one in six Americans aged 12 or older reported experiencing a SUD.<span class="cdc-references-cite"><a class="cdc-references-cite__link" href="#cdcreference_2" aria-label="Reference link 2">2</a></span></p> <p>SUDs can lead to significant problems in all aspects of a person's life. Patterns of symptoms resulting from substance use (drugs or alcohol) can help a doctor diagnose a person with a SUD or SUDs and connect them to appropriate treatment. </p> <p>For certain drug types, some symptoms are less prominent, and in some cases, not all symptoms apply. For example, withdrawal symptoms are not specified for inhalant use. </p> <p>SUDs can range in severity from mild to severe and can affect people of any race, gender, income level, or social class. A SUD can be applied to the following types of drugs:<span class="cdc-references-cite"><a class="cdc-references-cite__link" href="#cdcreference_1" aria-label="Reference link 1">1</a></span></p> <ul class="nested-list"> <li class="level-1">Alcohol<ul> </ul> </li> <li class="level-1"><a href="/cannabis/health-effects/cannabis-use-disorder.html">Cannabis</a><ul> </ul> </li> <li class="level-1">Hallucinogens<ul> </ul> </li> <li class="level-1">Inhalants<ul> </ul> </li> <li class="level-1"><a href="/overdose-prevention/treatment/opioid-use-disorder.html">Opioids</a> (Prescription and Illegal)<ul> </ul> </li> <li class="level-1">Sedatives, hypnotics, or anxiolytics<ul> </ul> </li> <li class="level-1">Stimulants and Psychostimulants<ul> </ul> </li> <li class="level-1">Tobacco (nicotine)<ul> </ul> </li> <li class="level-1">Other (unknown) substance<ul> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="dfe-section" data-section="cdc_treatment_types"> <a class="onThisPageAnchor" id="cdc_treatment_types-treatment-and-recovery-options" name="Treatment%20and%20recovery%20options" title="Treatment and recovery options"></a><h2>Treatment and recovery options</h2> <p>Addiction is a disease, not a character flaw. People experiencing SUDs have trouble controlling their drug use even though they know drugs are harmful.</p> <p>Overcoming an SUD is not as simple as resisting the temptation to take drugs. Recovery may involve medication to help with cravings and withdrawal as well as different forms of therapy. It may even require checking into a rehabilitation facility.</p> <h3>Addiction is a treatable disease</h3> <p>Like many other chronic conditions, treatment is available for substance use disorders. While no single treatment method is right for everyone, recovery is possible, and help is available for patients with SUDs.</p> <p>Evidence-based guidelines can assist doctors with choosing the right treatment options. These guidelines help evaluate a patient's clinical needs and situation to match them with the right level of care, in the most appropriate available setting. For more information on evidence-based guidelines visit <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/hcp/toolkits/addiction-medicine.html">Addiction Medicine Primer</a>.</p> <h3>Recovery options</h3> <p>There are safe and effective ways to recover from SUDs. Finding the right treatment option can be the key to a successful recovery journey.</p> <h4>Outpatient counseling</h4> <p>Helps people understand addiction, their triggers, and their reasons for using drugs. This form of treatment can be done at a doctor’s office or via telehealth appointment.</p> <h4>Inpatient rehabilitation</h4> <p>A full-time facility provides a supportive environment to help people recover without distractions or temptations.</p> <h4>Behavioral health care</h4> <p>Trained providers who help with mental health concerns.</p> <h3>Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD)</h3> <p>Specific conditions like opioid use disorder may require medication as the first course of treatment. MOUD can help with cravings and withdrawal symptoms.<span class="cdc-references-cite"><a class="cdc-references-cite__link" href="#cdcreference_3" aria-label="Reference link 3">3</a></span> MOUD is effective in helping people reduce illegal opioid use, stay in treatment longer, and reduce the risk of opioid-involved overdose.<span class="cdc-references-cite"><a class="cdc-references-cite__link" href="#cdcreference_4" aria-label="Reference link 4">4</a></span></p> <p>MOUD medications approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA):</p> <ul class="nested-list"> <li class="level-1">Methadone<ul> </ul> </li> <li class="level-1">Buprenorphine<ul> </ul> </li> <li class="level-1">Naltrexone<ul> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>Research has demonstrated that MOUD is effective in helping people recover from their OUD.<span class="cdc-references-cite"><a class="cdc-references-cite__link" href="#cdcreference_5" aria-label="Reference link 5">5</a><a class="cdc-references-cite__link" href="#cdcreference_6" aria-label="Reference link 6">6</a><a class="cdc-references-cite__link" href="#cdcreference_7" aria-label="Reference link 7">7</a></span> It is important to find what works best each individual.</p> <div class="dfe-block dfe-callout dfe-callout--standard"><div class="dfe-callout__icon" role="presentation"></div> <h3>Resource&lrm;</h3> <div class="dfe-callout__body"><div class="callout-desc">To learn more specifically about opioid use disorder, visit <a href="/overdose-prevention/treatment/opioid-use-disorder.html">Treatment for Opioid Addiction</a>.</div> </div></div> </div> <div class="dfe-section" data-section="cdc_treatment_get_teatment"> <a class="onThisPageAnchor" id="cdc_treatment_get_teatment-reducing-stigma-is-important" name="Reducing%20stigma%20is%20important" title="Reducing stigma is important"></a><h2>Reducing stigma is important</h2> <h3>Addiction can happen to anyone</h3> <p>SUD is a treatable, chronic disease that can affect people of any race, gender, income level, or social class. No one driving factor leads to SUD. Some people may use drugs to help cope with stress and trauma or to help with mental health issues. Some may develop a SUD after taking opioids that are prescribed to them by doctors. In any case, using drugs over time may cause changes in a person's brain, leading to intense cravings and continued use.<span class="cdc-references-cite"><a class="cdc-references-cite__link" href="#cdcreference_8" aria-label="Reference link 8">8</a></span></p> <p>Some may view acknowledging and receiving treatment for an SUD as a sign of personal failure and weakness. The associated shame felt by patients and families can make it difficult to seek treatment. Finding a doctor who is comfortable discussing SUDs can help ensure long-term recovery.</p> <h3>Find treatment services</h3> <p>Use these resources to find services that fit your needs:</p> <div class="dfe-links-layout--list"><div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post><div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="https://www.hhs.gov/programs/topic-sites/mental-health-parity/mental-health-and-addiction-insurance-help/index.html" class="tp-link-policy" data-domain-ext="gov">Mental Health and Addiction Insurance Help (HHS)<span class="visually-hidden sr-only" aria-label=" external icon" role="img"></span><span class="cdc-icon-external cdc-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" alt="external icon"></span></a></p> </div></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post><div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="https://findahealthcenter.hrsa.gov/" class="tp-link-policy" data-domain-ext="gov">Health Center Locator (HRSA)<span class="visually-hidden sr-only" aria-label=" external icon" role="img"></span><span class="cdc-icon-external cdc-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" alt="external icon"></span></a></p> </div></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post><div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="https://findtreatment.samhsa.gov/" class="tp-link-policy" data-domain-ext="gov">Behavioral Health Treatment Services (SAMHSA)<span class="visually-hidden sr-only" aria-label=" external icon" role="img"></span><span class="cdc-icon-external cdc-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" alt="external icon"></span></a></p> </div></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post><div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="https://dpt2.samhsa.gov/treatment/directory.aspx" class="tp-link-policy" data-domain-ext="gov">Opioid Treatment Program Directory by State (SAMHSA)<span class="visually-hidden sr-only" aria-label=" external icon" role="img"></span><span class="cdc-icon-external cdc-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" alt="external icon"></span></a></p> </div></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post><div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="http://www.samhsa.gov/medication-assisted-treatment/physician-program-data/treatment-physician-locator" class="tp-link-policy" data-domain-ext="gov">Buprenorphine Providers Locator (SAMHSA)<span class="visually-hidden sr-only" aria-label=" external icon" role="img"></span><span class="cdc-icon-external cdc-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" alt="external icon"></span></a></p> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="dfe-section" data-section="cdc_treatment_recovery"> <a class="onThisPageAnchor" id="cdc_treatment_recovery-learn-more-about-recovery" name="Learn%20more%20about%20recovery" title="Learn more about recovery"></a><h2>Learn more about recovery</h2> <div class="dfe-links-layout--list"><div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post><div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="https://findtreatment.samhsa.gov/" class="tp-link-policy" data-domain-ext="gov">SAMHSA Behavioral Health Treatment Services Locator<span class="visually-hidden sr-only" aria-label=" external icon" role="img"></span><span class="cdc-icon-external cdc-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" alt="external icon"></span></a></p> </div></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post="1548_52"><div class="dfe-curated-link__image dfe-image list"><a href="/rx-awareness/stories/index.html" title="Rx Awareness: Real Stories"><img src="/rx-awareness/media/images/RxAwareness-RealStories.jpg" alt="Photo collage of Tele, David, Tessa, and Britton with text "If you're struggling with prescription opioids, there is hope. Recovery is possible."" title="RxAwareness-RealStories"></a></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="/rx-awareness/stories/index.html">Rx Awareness: Real Stories</a></p> <div class="dfe-curated-link__desc">Rx Awareness tells the stories of people whose lives were impacted by prescription opioids.</div> <time class="dfe-curated-link__date">Feb. 14, 2024</time></div></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post="1548_412"><div class="dfe-curated-link__image dfe-image list"><a href="/rx-awareness/treatment/index.html" title="Recovery is Possible: Know the Options"><img src="/rx-awareness/media/images/RxAwareness-Recovery.png" alt="Photo of Britton with his quote, "Recovery is amazing - you get to a place where you're proud of yourself again."" title="RxAwareness-Recovery"></a></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="/rx-awareness/treatment/index.html">Recovery is Possible: Know the Options</a></p> <div class="dfe-curated-link__desc">Prescription opioids can be dangerous, but recovery is possible. Learn about treatment options.</div> <time class="dfe-curated-link__date">Jan. 23, 2024</time></div></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post="1752_1895"><div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="/overdose-prevention/media/pdfs/What-to-look-for-Treatment-and-Recovery-Fact-Sheet.pdf" target="_blank">What You Need to Know About Treatment and Recovery<span aria-label=" pdf icon" role="img" class="sr-only"></span><span class="cdc-link-icon cdc-link-icon--pdf" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></p> <time class="dfe-curated-link__date">Feb. 28, 2024</time></div></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post="1752_849"><div class="dfe-curated-link__image dfe-image list"><a href="/overdose-prevention/manage-treat-pain/index.html" title="Opioid Therapy and Different Types of Pain"><img src="https://www.cdc.gov/overdose-prevention/media/images/OpioidTherapy_Image1.jpg" alt="A doctor touching the back of a patient." title="OverdosePrevention-OpioidTherapyAndDifferentPain"></a></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="/overdose-prevention/manage-treat-pain/index.html">Opioid Therapy and Different Types of Pain</a></p> <div class="dfe-curated-link__desc">The goal of any pain care strategy is to safely reduce pain and increase ability to do everyday acti...</div> <time class="dfe-curated-link__date">May 8, 2024</time></div></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post="1752_511"><div class="dfe-curated-link__image dfe-image list"><a href="/overdose-prevention/hcp/toolkits/addiction-medicine.html" title="Addiction Medicine Toolkit"><img src="/overdose-prevention/media/images/2024/04/female-doctor-and-patient-large.jpg" alt="Clinician and patient talking." title="Addiction Medicine Toolkit"></a></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="/overdose-prevention/hcp/toolkits/addiction-medicine.html">Addiction Medicine Toolkit</a></p> <div class="dfe-curated-link__desc">Overview of addiction medicine and strategies that can be implemented in your practice.</div> <time class="dfe-curated-link__date">Apr. 9, 2024</time></div></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post><div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="https://www.samhsa.gov/medication-assisted-treatment/treatment#medications-used-in-mat" class="tp-link-policy" data-domain-ext="gov">Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) | SAMHSA<span class="visually-hidden sr-only" aria-label=" external icon" role="img"></span><span class="cdc-icon-external cdc-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" alt="external icon"></span></a></p> </div></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post="1752_1894"><div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="/overdose-prevention/media/pdfs/Decisions-in-Recovery.pdf" target="_blank">Decisions in Recovery: Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder<span aria-label=" pdf icon" role="img" class="sr-only"></span><span class="cdc-link-icon cdc-link-icon--pdf" aria-hidden="true"></span></a></p> <time class="dfe-curated-link__date">Feb. 28, 2024</time></div></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post="1571_203"><div class="dfe-curated-link__image dfe-image list"><a href="/stop-overdose/stigma-reduction/index.html" title="Stigma Reduction"><img src="/stop-overdose/media/images/StopOverdose-EffectsOfStigma.jpg" alt='Purple background with text "The effects of stigma on substance use disorders"' title="StopOverdose-EffectsOfStigma"></a></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="/stop-overdose/stigma-reduction/index.html">Stigma Reduction</a></p> <div class="dfe-curated-link__desc">The effects of stigma on substance use disorders. </div> <time class="dfe-curated-link__date">Apr. 2, 2024</time></div></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post><div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="https://www.treatmentatlas.org/" class="tp-link-policy" data-domain-ext="org">Addiction Treatment Locator, Assessment, and Standards (ATLAS) Platform<span class="visually-hidden sr-only" aria-label=" external icon" role="img"></span><span class="cdc-icon-external cdc-link-icon" aria-hidden="true" alt="external icon"></span></a></p> </div></div></div> </div> <div class="dfe-section" data-section="cdc_treatment_res"> <a class="onThisPageAnchor" id="cdc_treatment_res-resources" name="Resources" title="Resources"></a><h2>Resources</h2> <div class="dfe-links-layout--list"><div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post="1752_813"><div class="dfe-curated-link__image dfe-image list"><a href="/overdose-prevention/hcp/clinical-guidance/linkage-to-care.html" title="Linking People with Opioid Use Disorder to Medication Treatment"><img src="/overdose-prevention/media/images/2024/04/GettyImages-1340929521.jpg" alt="A clinician writes on a notepad while meeting with a patient in an open clinic setting." title="clinician-assessing-patient-clinic"></a></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="/overdose-prevention/hcp/clinical-guidance/linkage-to-care.html">Linking People with Opioid Use Disorder to Medication Treatment</a></p> <div class="dfe-curated-link__desc">Learn about medication treatment for opioid use disorder.</div> <time class="dfe-curated-link__date">May 6, 2024</time></div></div> <div class="dfe-curated-link dfe-curated-link--list" data-post="1752_897"><div class="dfe-curated-link__content list"><p class="dfe-curated-link__title"><a href="/overdose-prevention/manage-treat-pain/manage-pain-with-doctor.html">Working Together With Your Doctor to Manage Your Pain</a></p> <div class="dfe-curated-link__desc">Key information and resources on how to work together with healthcare providers to manage pain.</div> <time class="dfe-curated-link__date">May 7, 2024</time></div></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="cdc-dfe-body__right page-right-rail"> <aside class="page-right-rail__static noindex" role="complementary"> <div class="on-this-page " data-sid=""> <h2 class="on-this-page__heading"> On This Page </h2> <div class="card-body"> <ul> <li><a href="#cdc_treatment_overview-what-is-an-sud">What is an SUD?</a></li> <li><a href="#cdc_treatment_types-treatment-and-recovery-options">Treatment and recovery options</a></li> <li><a href="#cdc_treatment_get_teatment-reducing-stigma-is-important">Reducing stigma is important</a></li> <li><a href="#cdc_treatment_recovery-learn-more-about-recovery">Learn more about recovery</a></li> <li><a href="#cdc_treatment_res-resources">Resources</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </aside> <aside class="page-right-rail__dynamic noindex" role="complementary"> <div data-related-nav></div> </aside> </div> </div> <div data-journey-next></div> <section class="container page-mobile-bar"> <time class="page-mobile-bar__item page-mobile-bar__item--date" datetime="2024-04-25 00:00:00"> April 25, 2024 </time> </section> <div class="page-content-sources noindex"> <div class="page-content-sources__header"> <a data-action="summary" class="collapsed" href="#content-sources" role="button" data-bs-toggle="collapse" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="content-sources" data-cs-toggle="">Sources</a> <a data-action="print" href="#print" class="d-none d-md-block" aria-label="print this page" onclick="window.print()">Print</a> <a data-action="share" href="#share" data-bs-toggle="dropdown" aria-label="share this page" aria-expanded="false">Share</a> <div class="dropdown-menu page-share-bar" 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class="callout callout-content-source" role="status"> <div class="callout-heading">Content Source:</div> <a class="cdc-block-link" href="/injury/">National Center for Injury Prevention and Control</a> </div> <div class="page-content-sources__section page-content-sources__section--references"><label for="page_references">References</label><ol id="page_references"><li id="cdcreference_1">American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. Arlington, VA, American Psychiatric Association, 2013.</li> <li id="cdcreference_2">Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (2023). Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (HHS Publication No. PEP23-07-01-006, NSDUH Series H-58). Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. <a href="https://www.samhsa.gov/data/report/2022-nsduh-annual-national-report" target="_blank">https://www.samhsa.gov/data/report/2022-nsduh-annual-national-report</a></li> <li id="cdcreference_3">SAMHSA. 2022, March 22. Medications, Counseling, and Related Conditions. Retrieved from<a href="https://www.samhsa.gov/medications-substance-use-disorders/medications-counseling-related-conditions"> https://www.samhsa.gov/medications-substance-use-disorders/medications-counseling-related-conditions</a></li> <li id="cdcreference_4"><a href="https://www.samhsa.gov/resource/ebp/tip-63-medications-opioid-use-disorder">TIP 63: Medications for Opioid Use Disorder - Full Document | SAMHSA</a></li> <li id="cdcreference_5">Mattick, R. P., Breen, C., Kimber, J., & Davoli, M. (2014). Buprenorphine maintenance versus placebo or methadone maintenance for opioid dependence. <em>The Cochrane database of systematic reviews</em>, <em>2014</em>(2), CD002207. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002207.pub4" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002207.pub4</a></li> <li id="cdcreference_6">Mattick, R. P., Breen, C., Kimber, J., & Davoli, M. (2003). Methadone maintenance therapy versus no opioid replacement therapy for opioid dependence. <em>The Cochrane database of systematic reviews</em>, (2), CD002209. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002209" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD002209</a></li> <li id="cdcreference_7">Fullerton, C. A., Kim, M., Thomas, C. P., Lyman, D. R., Montejano, L. B., Dougherty, R. H., Daniels, A. S., Ghose, S. S., & Delphin-Rittmon, M. E. (2014). 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