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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Internet services</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Internet_services-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Internet services subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Internet_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Access_technologies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Access_technologies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Access technologies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Access_technologies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_Internet_service_providers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_Internet_service_providers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Major Internet service providers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_Internet_service_providers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_networks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_networks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Social networks</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Social_networks-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Social networks subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Social_networks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Facebook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Facebook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Facebook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Facebook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twitter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twitter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Twitter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twitter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Instagram" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Instagram"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Instagram</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Instagram-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Telegram" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Telegram"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Telegram</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Telegram-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-VK" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" 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href="#Online_retail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Online retail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Online_retail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Online_ticketing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Online_ticketing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Online ticketing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Online_ticketing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Online_banking" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Online_banking"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Online banking</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Online_banking-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Starlink" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Starlink"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Starlink</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Starlink-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russian_Internet_takeover_in_occupied_territories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russian_Internet_takeover_in_occupied_territories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Russian Internet takeover in occupied territories</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russian_Internet_takeover_in_occupied_territories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div 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class="mw-page-title-main">Internet in Ukraine</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p><p>The <b>Internet in Ukraine</b> is well developed and steadily growing. </p><p>In April 2012 rapid growth was forecast for at least two more years.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2011<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Ukraine was ranked 9th in the "Top 10 Internet countries in Europe", with then 33.9% <a href="/wiki/Internet_usage" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet usage">Internet penetration</a> and 15.3 million users; growing to 36.8% in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-ain.ua_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ain.ua-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, as of January 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> about 30 million Ukrainians (85% of the country's population older than 15) were Internet users.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style 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.sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Internet_map_1024_-_transparent,_inverted.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Visualization of Internet routing paths"><img alt="Visualization of Internet routing paths" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Internet_map_1024_-_transparent%2C_inverted.png/150px-Internet_map_1024_-_transparent%2C_inverted.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Internet_map_1024_-_transparent%2C_inverted.png/225px-Internet_map_1024_-_transparent%2C_inverted.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Internet_map_1024_-_transparent%2C_inverted.png/300px-Internet_map_1024_-_transparent%2C_inverted.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption">An <a href="/wiki/Opte_Project" title="Opte Project">Opte Project</a> visualization of <a href="/wiki/Routing" title="Routing">routing paths</a> through a portion of the Internet</div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">General</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_access" title="Internet access">Access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_activism" title="Internet activism">Activism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship" title="Internet censorship">Censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_activism" title="Data activism">Data activism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-democracy" title="E-democracy">Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_divide" title="Digital divide">Digital divide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_rights" title="Digital rights">Digital rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_freedom" title="Internet freedom">Freedom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_information" title="Freedom of information">Freedom of information</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Internet_phenomena" title="List of Internet phenomena">Internet phenomena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Net_neutrality" title="Net neutrality">Net neutrality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_privacy" title="Internet privacy">Privacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_Internet_access" title="Right to Internet access">Right to Internet access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slacktivism" title="Slacktivism">Slacktivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_of_the_Internet" title="Sociology of the Internet">Sociology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Internet_usage" title="Global Internet usage">Usage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_vigilantism" title="Internet vigilantism">Vigilantism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_community" title="Virtual community">Virtual community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_volunteering" title="Virtual volunteering">Virtual volunteering</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Internet_governance" title="Internet governance">Governance</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Governance_Forum" title="Internet Governance Forum">IGF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Internet_registry#Number_Resource_Organization" title="Regional Internet registry">NRO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Assigned_Numbers_Authority" title="Internet Assigned Numbers Authority">IANA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICANN" title="ICANN">ICANN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Engineering_Task_Force" title="Internet Engineering Task Force">IETF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Society" title="Internet Society">ISOC</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Information_infrastructure" title="Information infrastructure">Information infrastructure</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domain_Name_System" title="Domain Name System">Domain Name System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypertext Transfer Protocol">Hypertext Transfer Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_exchange_point" title="Internet exchange point">Internet exchange point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_protocol_suite" title="Internet protocol suite">Internet protocol suite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol">Internet Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol">Transmission Control Protocol</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_service_provider" title="Internet service provider">Internet service provider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address">IP address</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Message_Access_Protocol" title="Internet Message Access Protocol">Internet Message Access Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol" title="Simple Mail Transfer Protocol">Simple Mail Transfer Protocol</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Services</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blog" title="Blog">Blogs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microblogging" title="Microblogging">Microblogging</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Email" title="Email">Email</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_fax" title="Internet fax">Fax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_sharing" title="File sharing">File sharing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_transfer" title="File transfer">File transfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_game" title="Online game">Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_messaging" title="Instant messaging">Instant messaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podcast" title="Podcast">Podcasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_shopping" title="Online shopping">Shopping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streaming_television" title="Streaming television">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_over_IP" title="Voice over IP">Voice over IP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Web_search_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Web search engine">search</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Internet" title="History of the Internet">History of the Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_oldest_currently_registered_Internet_domain_names" title="List of the oldest currently registered Internet domain names">Oldest domain names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Internet_pioneers" title="List of Internet pioneers">Pioneers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protocol_Wars" title="Protocol Wars">Protocol Wars</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Guides</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="List-Class article"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Internet-related_articles" title="Index of Internet-related articles">Index</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Internet" title="Outline of the Internet">Outline</a></b></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/16px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/24px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/32px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Internet" title="Portal:Internet">Internet portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Internet" title="Template:Internet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Internet" title="Template talk:Internet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Internet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Internet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In 2011, <a href="/wiki/Online_retailing" class="mw-redirect" title="Online retailing">online retailing</a> turnover in Ukraine exceeded US$2 bn. For 2012, it was expected to reach US$4 bn. <a href="/wiki/Online_payment" class="mw-redirect" title="Online payment">Online payments</a> in the country in 2011 where estimated at US$400 million, 200% growth compared to 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of September 2020<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Ukraine ranked 59th among the world's countries by the <a href="/wiki/Broadband" title="Broadband">fixed broadband</a> <a href="/wiki/Internet_access" title="Internet access">Internet access</a> <a href="/wiki/Data_signaling_rate" title="Data signaling rate">speed</a>, with an average download speed of 59.13 <a href="/wiki/Megabit_per_second" class="mw-redirect" title="Megabit per second">mbit/s</a>, and 80th by the <a href="/wiki/Mobile_network" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile network">mobile network</a> Internet access speed with 25.63 <a href="/wiki/Mbit/s" class="mw-redirect" title="Mbit/s">mbit/s</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Freedom_House" title="Freedom House">Freedom House</a> concluded that the Internet in Ukraine is "Partly Free" in 2019 and 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pravdaua7269911_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pravdaua7269911-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Research_%26_Branding_Group" title="Research & Branding Group">Research & Branding Group</a> February 2021 poll found that for the first time Ukrainians preferred the Internet as their primary news source instead of <a href="/wiki/Television_in_Ukraine" title="Television in Ukraine">television</a> (51% preferred the Internet and 41% TV).<sup id="cite_ref-11330729Inafirst_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11330729Inafirst-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, Internet <a href="/wiki/Starlink_satellite_services_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Starlink satellite services in Ukraine">was partly provided by the Starlink satellite service</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:103_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:103-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-elon-musk-b2024184_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elon-musk-b2024184-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Internet_audience">Internet audience</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Internet audience"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to GlobalLogic, 85% of Ukraine's population older than 15 have had access to Internet in January 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Data from database: World Development Indicators Last Updated: 10/14/2016 indicates the data below<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>Population </th> <th>Penetration </th> <th>Internet Users </th> <th>Change from previous year </th></tr> <tr> <td>2000 </td> <td>49,175,848 </td> <td>0.72% </td> <td>352,189 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001 </td> <td>48,683,865 </td> <td>1.24% </td> <td>603,076 </td> <td>71.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002 </td> <td>48,202,500 </td> <td>1.87% </td> <td>903,259 </td> <td>49.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003 </td> <td>47,812,950 </td> <td>3.15% </td> <td>1,505,213 </td> <td>66.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004 </td> <td>47,451,600 </td> <td>3.49% </td> <td>1,655,813 </td> <td>10.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005 </td> <td>47,105,150 </td> <td>3.75% </td> <td>1,766,332 </td> <td>6.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006 </td> <td>46,787,750 </td> <td>4.51% </td> <td>2,108,314 </td> <td>19.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007 </td> <td>46,509,350 </td> <td>6.55% </td> <td>3,046,362 </td> <td>44.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008 </td> <td>46,258,200 </td> <td>11.00% </td> <td>5,088,402 </td> <td>67.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009 </td> <td>46,053,300 </td> <td>17.90% </td> <td>8,243,541 </td> <td>62.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010 </td> <td>45,870,700 </td> <td>23.30% </td> <td>10,687,873 </td> <td>29.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011 </td> <td>45,706,100 </td> <td>28.71% </td> <td>13,121,427 </td> <td>22.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012 </td> <td>45,593,300 </td> <td>35.27% </td> <td>16,080,757 </td> <td>22.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013 </td> <td>45,489,600 </td> <td>40.95% </td> <td>18,629,869 </td> <td>15.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014 </td> <td>45,362,900 </td> <td>46.24% </td> <td>20,973,979 </td> <td>12.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015 </td> <td>45,198,200 </td> <td>49.26% </td> <td>22,264,633 </td> <td>6.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016 </td> <td>44,194,413 </td> <td>52.5% </td> <td>23,202,067 </td> <td>4.2% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Internet_services">Internet services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Internet services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2011, the number of subscribers to <a href="/wiki/Internet_service_provider" title="Internet service provider">Internet service providers</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Ukraine had increased compared to 2010 by 13.3% to 4,148,658.<sup id="cite_ref-UkPravInt15312_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UkPravInt15312-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the 3rd quarter of 2012, the number of broadband subscribers alone exceeded that figure, grown to 6,700,000.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2011 revenues from Internet service providing in Ukraine reached ₴4.75 billion (US$595 million).<sup id="cite_ref-UkPravInt15312_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UkPravInt15312-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is unclear whether these numbers include <a href="/wiki/Mobile_broadband" title="Mobile broadband">mobile Internet</a> services which are provided by all of Ukraine's <a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone" title="Mobile phone">mobile phone</a> operators. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Access_technologies">Access technologies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Access technologies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>All existing standards of Internet access are available in Ukraine, with <a href="/wiki/Broadband_Internet_access" class="mw-redirect" title="Broadband Internet access">broadband services</a> mostly limited to cities. </p><p><a href="/wiki/General_Packet_Radio_Service" title="General Packet Radio Service">Mobile GPRS access</a> is available in vast majority of Ukraine's territory, including all <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">urban areas</a> and airports, most roads and railway lines, many coastal waters. <a href="/wiki/3G" title="3G">3G mobile access market</a> is steadily developing. <a href="/wiki/Wireless_access_point" title="Wireless access point">Public Wi-Fi hotspots</a> are widespread throughout cities. There are plans and projects for providing mass <a href="/wiki/Wireless_broadband" title="Wireless broadband">wireless broadband access</a> in urban open spaces, on <a href="/wiki/Ukrzaliznytsia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrzaliznytsia">Ukrzaliznytsia</a> long-distance trains and in urban <a href="/wiki/Public_transport" title="Public transport">public transport vehicles</a>. According to Ericsson ConsumerLab, 36% of Ukraine's urban population access the Internet via mobile phone or <a href="/wiki/Smartphone" title="Smartphone">smartphone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the iKS-Consulting, there were 6 700 000 broadband subscribers in Ukraine as of 3Q 2012; 5.97 million of them were households, which amounts to 34% <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_number_of_broadband_Internet_subscriptions" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by number of broadband Internet subscriptions">broadband Internet penetration</a> of all country's households. The consultancy estimated broadband providing revenues in the 3rd quarter of 2012 at ₴1.36 billion (US$167 million), which is the growth 13.7% compared to 3Q 2011 results.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Thousands of national, regional and local ISP operate in Ukraine, with as much 14 ISPs competing for every household client in the capital city <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_Internet_service_providers">Major Internet service providers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Major Internet service providers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to Expert & Consulting (E&C), the top-10 Ukrainian fixed Broadband Internet service providers had about 3.36 million subscribers as of the 2nd quarter of 2012; as of the 3rd quarter, that figure rose to about 3,46 million subscribers.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to estimations of Expert & Consulting (E&C), there were 7,06 mln. subscribers of fixed Broadband Internet at the end of 1st half of 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ukrtelecom" title="Ukrtelecom">Ukrtelecom</a> is the largest Internet access provider (as well as <a href="/wiki/Public_switched_telephone_network" title="Public switched telephone network">fixed telephone provider</a>) and was the only <a href="/wiki/UMTS" title="UMTS">UMTS</a> <a href="/wiki/3G" title="3G">3G</a> provider in Ukraine until 2015, when all three major operators (Vodafone, Kyivstar and Lifecell) have gained the licensing and set up their own 3G networks. In particular, it was serving over 1.4 million <a href="/wiki/Digital_subscriber_line" title="Digital subscriber line">DSL</a>/<a href="/wiki/ISDN" title="ISDN">ISDN</a> fixed access clients in June 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second-largest provider <a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8F_(%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F)" class="extiw" title="uk:Воля (компанія)">Volia</a> is a major player specializing in <a href="/wiki/Cable_Internet_access" title="Cable Internet access">cable access combined with TV signal</a>. Both <a href="/wiki/MTS_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="MTS Ukraine">MTS</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Kyivstar" title="Kyivstar">Kyivstar</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Ukraine's largest <a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone" title="Mobile phone">mobile phone</a> operators) also offer fixed broadband access along with their mobile Internet services. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Social_networks">Social networks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Social networks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Facebook">Facebook</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Facebook"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There were 1,686,500 <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a> users in Ukraine in 2011 and over 3,000,000 in October 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-statUKRinternet_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-statUKRinternet-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Internet Association of Ukraine 13 million Ukrainians used Facebook in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-Facebook653664_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facebook653664-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2018, this number had increased by 3 million or 30%, and in the previous five years by 9.8 million or 306.2%.<sup id="cite_ref-Facebook653664_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facebook653664-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Internet Association of Ukraine claimed in November 2019 that Facebook was the most popular social network of Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-Facebook653664_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facebook653664-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twitter">Twitter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Twitter"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Google_Analytics" title="Google Analytics">Google Analytics</a>, in 2012 the number of daily <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> visitors from Ukraine reaches 120,000 while the "<a href="/wiki/Yandex" title="Yandex">Yandex</a>.Ukraine" estimated the number of Ukrainian users at 500,000, and <a href="/wiki/GfK_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="GfK Ukraine">GfK Ukraine</a>, a market research company, found that a quarter of Ukrainian Twitter users ignore their accounts completely, while 28 percent check them only occasionally.<sup id="cite_ref-TwitterSpring12Ukraine_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TwitterSpring12Ukraine-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_politician" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian politician">Ukrainian politician</a> <a href="/wiki/Yulia_Tymoshenko" title="Yulia Tymoshenko">Yulia Tymoshenko</a> was the most <i>followed</i> Twitter user in Ukraine as of early 2012, with 91,547 <i>followers</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-TwitterSpring12Ukraine_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TwitterSpring12Ukraine-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Research_%26_Branding_Group" title="Research & Branding Group">Research & Branding Group</a> February 2021 poll found 6% of Ukrainians used Twitter.<sup id="cite_ref-11330729Inafirst_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11330729Inafirst-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Instagram">Instagram</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Instagram"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to research by <a href="/w/index.php?title=PlusOne_Communications_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PlusOne Communications Group (page does not exist)">PlusOne Communications Group</a> in March 2019 Ukraine had 11 million <a href="/wiki/Instagram" title="Instagram">Instagram</a> users.<sup id="cite_ref-575624Uinsta2019_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-575624Uinsta2019-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ukrainians under the age of 30 used Instagram more than Facebook.<sup id="cite_ref-575624Uinsta2019_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-575624Uinsta2019-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Internet Association of Ukraine 3.8 million people used the network in 2017, in 2018 this had been 7.3 million people.<sup id="cite_ref-Facebook653664_26-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facebook653664-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Telegram">Telegram</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Telegram"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Research_%26_Branding_Group" title="Research & Branding Group">Research & Branding Group</a> February 2021 poll found 17% of Ukrainians used <a href="/wiki/Telegram_(software)" title="Telegram (software)">Telegram</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11330729Inafirst_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11330729Inafirst-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the pollster the number of its users in Ukraine had tripled since 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-11330729Inafirst_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11330729Inafirst-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="VK">VK</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: VK"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Alexa_Internet" title="Alexa Internet">Alexa Internet</a> ranking, in 2013 <a href="/wiki/VK_(social_network)" class="mw-redirect" title="VK (social network)">VK</a> was the most visited website in Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the company, in January 2012 VK had more than 20 million registered users from Ukraine (out of a total of 155 million users worldwide); 6.6 million of them visited the site daily.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of February 2013<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, VK's mean daily audience in Ukraine grew to 9.35 million (according to LiveInternet), which amounted to 20.2% of the network's mean daily global traffic.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 16 May 2017, <a href="/wiki/Petro_Poroshenko" title="Petro Poroshenko">President Poroshenko</a> signed a decree requiring providers to block access to VK, as it was claimed they participated in an information war against Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-luhn_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-luhn-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the Internet Association of Ukraine the share of Ukrainian Internet users who visit VK daily had fallen from 54% to 10% from September 2016 to September 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-Facebook653664_26-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facebook653664-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For 2019 VK appeared as the most visited social network in Ukraine according to <a href="/wiki/Alexa_Internet" title="Alexa Internet">Alexa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Internet Association of Ukraine claimed in November 2019 that Facebook was the most popular social network of Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-Facebook653664_26-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Facebook653664-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Research_%26_Branding_Group" title="Research & Branding Group">Research & Branding Group</a> February 2021 poll found 5% of Ukrainians continued to use VK.<sup id="cite_ref-11330729Inafirst_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11330729Inafirst-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Internet-based_commerce_and_trade">Internet-based commerce and trade</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Internet-based commerce and trade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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.mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2013</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Online_retail">Online retail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Online retail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the 2013 TEMAX index by the <a href="/wiki/GfK" title="GfK">GfK</a>, Ukraine's online <a href="/wiki/Small_appliance" title="Small appliance">house appliances</a> and <a href="/wiki/Consumer_electronics" title="Consumer electronics">consumer electronics</a> market is the second fastest-growing in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> (after the <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkish</a>), with estimated 2012 size of <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_hryvnia" title="Ukrainian hryvnia">₴</a>5,000,000,000. There were estimated 5,000–7,000 <a href="/wiki/Online_shopping" title="Online shopping">online shops</a> in operation across the country, with about 1,300 of them working in the house appliances and <a href="/wiki/Consumer_electronics" title="Consumer electronics">consumer electronics</a> sector.<sup id="cite_ref-Украинский_E-commerce_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Украинский_E-commerce-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Online_ticketing">Online ticketing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Online ticketing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Electronic_ticket" title="Electronic ticket">E-ticketing</a> is rapidly growing in Ukraine, being recently boosted by the <a href="/wiki/Ukrzaliznytsia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrzaliznytsia">Ukrzaliznytsia</a> national <a href="/wiki/Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway">railway</a> operator's implementation of its own <a href="/wiki/Computer_reservations_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer reservations system">online booking</a> system, available in <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a> and <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Online_reservation_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Online_reservation-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tickets for all regular <a href="/wiki/Airline" title="Airline">airline</a> flights and vast majority of the intercity <a href="/wiki/Bus" title="Bus">bus</a> services<sup id="cite_ref-Paspisanie_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Paspisanie-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are also available for booking or purchase through independent online service providers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Online_banking">Online banking</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Online banking"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The vast majority of Ukraine's <a href="/wiki/Bank" title="Bank">banks</a> offer <a href="/wiki/Online_banking" title="Online banking">online banking</a> (usually free of charge). Payments for vast and growing number of services are accepted online (both through the <a href="/wiki/ATM_card" title="ATM card">ATM card</a> payments systems and the independent <a href="/wiki/Electronic_money" class="mw-redirect" title="Electronic money">electronic money</a> facilitators); all possible payments from a person are typically accepted online in big cities.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Internet_censorship_and_surveillance">Internet censorship and surveillance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Internet censorship and surveillance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Internet_in_Ukraine" title="Special:EditPage/Internet in Ukraine">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press_in_Ukraine#Internet_censorship_and_surveillance" title="Freedom of the press in Ukraine">Freedom of the press in Ukraine § Internet censorship and surveillance</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Georgi_gongadse.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Georgi_gongadse.jpg/220px-Georgi_gongadse.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/Georgi_gongadse.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="263" data-file-height="294" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Georgiy_Gongadze" title="Georgiy Gongadze">Georgiy Gongadze</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukrainian</a> journalist, founder of a popular Internet newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/Ukrayinska_Pravda" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrayinska Pravda">Ukrayinska Pravda</a></i>, who was kidnapped and murdered in 2000.</figcaption></figure> <p>In December 2010 the <a href="/wiki/OpenNet_Initiative" title="OpenNet Initiative">OpenNet Initiative</a> found little evidence of Internet filtering in Ukraine in all four areas (political, social, conflict/security, and Internet tools) they tested.<sup id="cite_ref-ONI-UkraineProfile-Dec2010_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ONI-UkraineProfile-Dec2010-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In its <i>Freedom on the Net</i> report covering the period from May 2012 to April 2013, <a href="/wiki/Freedom_House" title="Freedom House">Freedom House</a> found the internet in Ukraine to be "largely unhindered" and rated the internet in Ukraine as "Free" with an overall score of 28, on a scale from 0 (most free) to 100 (least free). The report said that "there is no practice of institutionalized blocking or filtering, or a regulatory framework for censorship of content online", but "there have been attempts at creating legislation which could censor or limit content" and would "present indirect threats to freedom of information online."<sup id="cite_ref-FOTN-Ukraine-2013_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOTN-Ukraine-2013-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Access to the internet in Ukraine remains largely unfettered. Ukraine possesses relatively liberal legislation governing the Internet and access to information. The Law on Protection of Public Morals of 20 November 2003, prohibits the production and circulation of pornography; dissemination of products that propagandize war or spread national and religious intolerance; humiliation or insult to an individual or nation on the grounds of nationality, religion, or ignorance; and the propagation of "drug addiction, toxicology, alcoholism, smoking and other bad habits."<sup id="cite_ref-ONI-UkraineProfile-Dec2010_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ONI-UkraineProfile-Dec2010-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While there are no government restrictions on internet access, law enforcement bodies are known to using online monitoring, at times without permission. Bloggers and online publications have accused law enforcement agencies of interference.<sup id="cite_ref-USDOS-CRHRP-Ukraine-2012_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USDOS-CRHRP-Ukraine-2012-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The law provides for <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">freedom of speech</a> and <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press" title="Freedom of the press">press</a>. However, the Ukrainian government does not always respect these rights in practice. Individuals can criticize the government.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/wiki/Libel" class="mw-redirect" title="Libel">Libel</a> is considered a civil offence, and the law limits the level of damages that may be claimed in libel lawsuits. The press is free to criticize express opinions, and public officials have fewer legal protections from criticism than other citizens. However, local media observers have expressed concern over high monetary damages demanded and awarded for alleged libel. The constitution prohibits arbitrary interference of privacy, family, home, or correspondence, but authorities generally do not respect these prohibitions.<sup id="cite_ref-USDOS-CRHRP-Ukraine-2012_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USDOS-CRHRP-Ukraine-2012-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example: </p> <ul><li>On 17 August 2012, opposition politician <a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Turchynov" title="Oleksandr Turchynov">Oleksandr Turchynov</a> alleged that law enforcement officials monitored and tracked opposition activists without legal permission.</li> <li>On 20 August 2012, <a href="/wiki/Serhiy_Vlasenko" title="Serhiy Vlasenko">Serhiy Vlasenko</a>, a lawyer for former prime minister <a href="/wiki/Yulia_Tymoshenko" title="Yulia Tymoshenko">Yulia Tymoshenko</a>, alleged that authorities kept him under surveillance, tapped his telephones, and monitored his e-mail account.</li> <li>While, by law the <a href="/wiki/Security_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Security Service of Ukraine">Security Service of Ukraine</a> (SBU) may not conduct surveillance or searches without a court-issued warrant, and citizens have the legal right to examine any dossier concerning them in the possession of the SBU and to recover losses resulting from an investigation, authorities generally do not respect these rights because implementing legislation has not been enacted, and many citizens are not aware of their rights or that authorities have violated their privacy.</li></ul> <p>A report from the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) found around 300 instances of violent attacks on the media in Ukraine from November 2013 to May 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, amid increasing tensions with Russia, the Ukrainian government became more intolerant of the press. Under the impact of war and social polarization, the democratic credentials of the pro-European Kyiv government have been slipping as well. A crackdown on what authorities describe as “pro-separatist” points of view has triggered dismay among Western human rights monitors. For example, the September 11, 2014 shutdown of the independent Kyiv-based Vesti newspaper by the Ukrainian Security Service for “violating Ukraine's territorial integrity” brought condemnation from the international Committee to Protect Journalists and the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Ukrainian Security Service (SBU) broke into the office of a Kyiv-based digital newspaper “Vesti”, physically trapping reporters and ultimately shutting down the website. </p><p>Vesti News's editor-in-chief Igor Guzhva wrote on his Facebook page that the news outlet had been raided by SBU. The SBU reportedly took all servers, kept staffers in a "hot corridor" and shut down the website completely. Guzhva said that the purpose of the raid was "to block our work.". “Journalists are not being let into their office," Guzhva wrote. "Those who were already inside at the moment of the raid are being kept in the building and are not allowed to use cell phones.” </p><p>Guzhva said that this is the second time in just six months that the SBU has tried to "intimidate" its editors. He added that he is unsure of the reason for the raid, but suspects that it might have to do with a story the website published about the SBU chief's daughter.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 16 May 2017, <a href="/wiki/Petro_Poroshenko" title="Petro Poroshenko">President Poroshenko</a> signed a decree requiring providers to block access to a number of Russian websites, including four of the most popular websites in Ukraine: <a href="/wiki/VK_(social_networking)" class="mw-redirect" title="VK (social networking)">VKontakte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odnoklassniki" title="Odnoklassniki">Odnoklassniki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yandex" title="Yandex">Yandex</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mail.Ru" class="mw-redirect" title="Mail.Ru">Mail.Ru</a>. The president claimed they participated in an information war against Ukraine. Respondents in an online poll on the UNIAN site declared that 66% were “categorically against” the ban of Russian sites and another 11% said it would be easier to “ban the whole internet, like in North Korea”.<sup id="cite_ref-luhn_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-luhn-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The move was widely criticised as censorship, and <a href="/wiki/Reporters_Without_Borders" title="Reporters Without Borders">Reporters Without Borders</a> condemned the ban, calling it a "disproportionate measure that seriously undermines the Ukrainian people's right to information and freedom of expression."<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="During_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine">During the Russian invasion of Ukraine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: During the Russian invasion of Ukraine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Starlink">Starlink</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Starlink"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Starlink_satellite_services_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Starlink satellite services in Ukraine">Starlink satellite services in Ukraine</a></div> <p>Ukraine's military and government rapidly became dependent on <a href="/wiki/SpaceX" title="SpaceX">SpaceX</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Starlink_satellite_services_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Starlink satellite services in Ukraine">Starlink satellite services</a> during <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian's invasion of Ukraine in 2022</a>, as Russia attacked key infrastructures including telecommunication ones, and Ukraine was experiencing significant problems with Internet access.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:11_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While military and government use of the Starlink has been the most important aspect of opening Ukraine to low-altitude satellite internet services in early 2022, civilians are also heavily using the technology "to keep in touch with the outside world and tell loved ones that they are alive." During the war, Ukrainians can use Starlink terminals without paying the usual monthly subscription fee.<sup id="cite_ref-kyInd20220903_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kyInd20220903-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To pay for the cost of Starlink in Ukraine, SpaceX donated for an estimate of over $100 million,<sup id="cite_ref-:6_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while an unknown amount was secured by several European countries and the US government.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:10_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2023, <a href="/wiki/The_Pentagon" title="The Pentagon">The Pentagon</a> communicated that the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Defense" title="United States Department of Defense">Department of Defense</a> signed a contract with SpaceX's Starlink to buy those satellite services for Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-:102_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:102-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The use of Starlink in <a href="/wiki/Russian-occupied_territories_of_Ukraine" title="Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine">Russian-occupied territories in Ukraine</a> was however restricted by SpaceX, according to Ukrainian officials.<sup id="cite_ref-:112_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:112-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russian_Internet_takeover_in_occupied_territories">Russian Internet takeover in occupied territories</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Russian Internet takeover in occupied territories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Public Internet access networks in occupied areas including Luhansk, Donetsk and Crimea have been taken over by Russian-backed providers including the Crimea-based <a href="/wiki/Miranda_Media" title="Miranda Media">Miranda Media</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Access in the occupied territories is subject to Russian media restrictions and monitoring.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ukraine" title="Economy of Ukraine">Economy of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Ukraine" title="Telecommunications in Ukraine">Telecommunications in Ukraine</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 32em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ht.comments.ua/2012/04/09/332827/cherez-paru-let-uanet-zamedlit.html">Ukraine's Internet growth rates will stabilize in 2 or 3 years</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Ukrainian)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ain.ua-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ain.ua_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ain.ua/2013/02/12/112128">"Госстат считает, что в Украине 5 млн интернет-пользователей"</a>. <i>AIN</i>. 2013-02-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIN&rft.atitle=%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82+%D1%81%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%82%2C+%D1%87%D1%82%D0%BE+%D0%B2+%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5+5+%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%BD+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82-%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9&rft.date=2013-02-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fain.ua%2F2013%2F02%2F12%2F112128&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://focus.ua/uk/digital/491571-plyus-2-mln-koristuvachiv-chim-ukrajinci-zaymayutsya-v-interneti-u-2021-roci-infografika">"focus.ua"</a>. <i>www.focus.ua</i> (in Ukrainian). 31 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.focus.ua&rft.atitle=focus.ua&rft.date=2021-08-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffocus.ua%2Fuk%2Fdigital%2F491571-plyus-2-mln-koristuvachiv-chim-ukrajinci-zaymayutsya-v-interneti-u-2021-roci-infografika&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ht.comments.ua/2012/05/08/337655/oborot-torgovli-uanete-2012.html">"Оборот украинских интернет-магазинов в прошлом году составил более $2 млрд"</a>. <i>ht.comments.ua</i> (in Ukrainian).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ht.comments.ua&rft.atitle=%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82+%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82-%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%B2+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83+%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB+%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5+%242+%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%80%D0%B4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fht.comments.ua%2F2012%2F05%2F08%2F337655%2Foborot-torgovli-uanete-2012.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.speedtest.net/global-index">"Speedtest Global Index – Monthly comparisons of internet speeds from around the world"</a>. <i>Speedtest Global Index</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-09-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Speedtest+Global+Index&rft.atitle=Speedtest+Global+Index+%E2%80%93+Monthly+comparisons+of+internet+speeds+from+around+the+world&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.speedtest.net%2Fglobal-index&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-net/2019/crisis-social-media">"The Crisis of Social Media"</a>. <i>Freedom House</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-09-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Freedom+House&rft.atitle=The+Crisis+of+Social+Media&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffreedomhouse.org%2Freport%2Ffreedom-net%2F2019%2Fcrisis-social-media&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pravdaua7269911-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pravdaua7269911_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Ukrainian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2020/10/14/7269911/">There is no completely free internet in Ukraine - Freedom House</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukrayinska_Pravda" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrayinska Pravda">Ukrayinska Pravda</a> (14 October 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11330729Inafirst-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-11330729Inafirst_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-11330729Inafirst_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-11330729Inafirst_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-11330729Inafirst_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-11330729Inafirst_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unian.info/society/media-space-internet-bypasses-tv-as-main-news-source-for-ukrainians-11330729.html">In a first, internet bypasses TV as main news source for Ukrainians</a>, <a href="/wiki/UNIAN" class="mw-redirect" title="UNIAN">UNIAN</a> (23 February 2021)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:103-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:103_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStoneRoulette2023" class="citation news cs1">Stone, Mike; Roulette, Joey (2023-06-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/aerospace-defense/pentagon-buys-starlink-ukraine-statement-2023-06-01/">"SpaceX's Starlink wins Pentagon contract for satellite services to Ukraine"</a>. <i>Reuters</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-06-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=SpaceX%27s+Starlink+wins+Pentagon+contract+for+satellite+services+to+Ukraine&rft.date=2023-06-01&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft.au=Roulette%2C+Joey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fbusiness%2Faerospace-defense%2Fpentagon-buys-starlink-ukraine-statement-2023-06-01%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-elon-musk-b2024184-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-elon-musk-b2024184_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/starlink-service-ukraine-elon-musk-b2024184.html">Elon Musk says SpaceX's Starlink satellites active over Ukraine after request from embattled country's leaders</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a> (26 February 2022)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://focus.ua/uk/digital/491571-plyus-2-mln-koristuvachiv-chim-ukrajinci-zaymayutsya-v-interneti-u-2021-roci-infografika">Internet users growing to 20% in 2021</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Ukrainian)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://databank.worldbank.org/data/reports.aspx?source=2&series=IT.NET.USER.ZS&country=UKR">"World Development Indicator Ukraine"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Development+Indicator+Ukraine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatabank.worldbank.org%2Fdata%2Freports.aspx%3Fsource%3D2%26series%3DIT.NET.USER.ZS%26country%3DUKR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">which is significantly lesser that the number of individual Internet users</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UkPravInt15312-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UkPravInt15312_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UkPravInt15312_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Ukrainian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2012/03/15/6960641/">Більше половини українців не користуються інтернетом</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Ukrayinska_Pravda" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrayinska Pravda">Ukrayinska Pravda</a></i> <span class="languageicon">(in Ukrainian)</span> (2012-07-29)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140914184901/http://proit.com.ua/news/telecom/2012/12/13/181939.html"><bdi lang="uk">В третьем квартале интернет-провайдеры стали богаче на 1,36 млрд. грн.</bdi></a>. <i>proIT</i> (in Ukrainian). 2012-12-13. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://proit.com.ua/news/telecom/2012/12/13/181939.html">the original</a> on 2014-09-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-04-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=proIT&rft.atitle=%D0%92+%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BC+%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%B0+1%2C36+%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%80%D0%B4.+%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BD.&rft.date=2012-12-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fproit.com.ua%2Fnews%2Ftelecom%2F2012%2F12%2F13%2F181939.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140222101400/http://www.kyivstar.ua/kr/press_center_new/reporters/releases/?id=33065">"kyivstar" <bdi lang="uk">"Київстар" модернізує мережу у відповідь на зростання трафіку</bdi></a> (in Ukrainian). 2013-04-02. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivstar.ua/kr/press_center_new/reporters/releases/?id=33065">the original</a> on 2014-02-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=kyivstar+%22%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%97%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%22+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%94+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%83+%D1%83+%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0+%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F+%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%83&rft.date=2013-04-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kyivstar.ua%2Fkr%2Fpress_center_new%2Freporters%2Freleases%2F%3Fid%3D33065&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140914184901/http://proit.com.ua/news/telecom/2012/12/13/181939.html">"В третьем квартале интернет-провайдеры стали богаче на 1,36 млрд. грн"</a>. <i>proIT</i>. December 13, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://proit.com.ua/news/telecom/2012/12/13/181939.html">the original</a> on September 14, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 17,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=proIT&rft.atitle=%D0%92+%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BC+%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5+%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82-%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%B0+1%2C36+%D0%BC%D0%BB%D1%80%D0%B4.+%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%BD.&rft.date=2012-12-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fproit.com.ua%2Fnews%2Ftelecom%2F2012%2F12%2F13%2F181939.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span>]<span class="languageicon">(in Ukrainian)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unian.ua/news/455609-u-kievi-internet-mov-u-gollandiji-a-na-rivnenschini-yak-v-afganistani.html">У Києві інтернет - мов у Голландії, а на Рівненщині - як в Афганістані</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Ukrainian)</span> (2012-7-29 )</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encint.com/en/raitings/fshpd_ii_2012">"Fixed broadband operators rating in II'2012: changes in top-3 players"</a>. Encint.com. 2012-08-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-08-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fixed+broadband+operators+rating+in+II%272012%3A+changes+in+top-3+players&rft.pub=Encint.com&rft.date=2012-08-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encint.com%2Fen%2Fraitings%2Ffshpd_ii_2012&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encint.com/en/raitings/fshpd_iii_2012">"Fixed broadband operators rating in III'2012: market consolidation"</a>. Encint.com. 2012-10-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-08-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fixed+broadband+operators+rating+in+III%272012%3A+market+consolidation&rft.pub=Encint.com&rft.date=2012-10-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encint.com%2Fen%2Fraitings%2Ffshpd_iii_2012&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encint.com/en/ratings/ukraine_shpd_ii_2013">"Fixed broadband Ukrainian operators rating in II'2013: more than 7 mln. subs"</a>. Encint.com. 2013-08-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-08-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fixed+broadband+Ukrainian+operators+rating+in+II%272013%3A+more+than+7+mln.+subs&rft.pub=Encint.com&rft.date=2013-08-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encint.com%2Fen%2Fratings%2Fukraine_shpd_ii_2013&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ukrtelecom.ua/presscenter/pressrelease?id=114767">Укртелеком склав іспит на відмінно: УЄФА ЄВРО 2012 забезпечено телекомунікаціями найвищого рівня!</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120707044108/http://www.ukrtelecom.ua/presscenter/pressrelease?id=114767">Archived</a> 2012-07-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Ukrainian)</span>(2012-7-29)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mts.com.ua/ukr/connection_BIA.php">Підключення</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130405025829/http://www.mts.com.ua/ukr/connection_BIA.php">Archived</a> 2013-04-05 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Ukrainian)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivstar.ua/dp/home-internet/obsluzhivanie/about/technology/">Безлімітний Інтернет. Технологія</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130312114146/http://www.kyivstar.ua/dp/home-internet/obsluzhivanie/about/technology/">Archived</a> 2013-03-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Ukrainian)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-statUKRinternet-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-statUKRinternet_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://watcher.com.ua/2013/10/25/vzhe-3-milyony-ukrayintsiv-korystuyutsya-facebook/">"watcher.com.ua"</a>. watcher.com.ua. 2013-10-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-08-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=watcher.com.ua&rft.pub=watcher.com.ua&rft.date=2013-10-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwatcher.com.ua%2F2013%2F10%2F25%2Fvzhe-3-milyony-ukrayintsiv-korystuyutsya-facebook%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Facebook653664-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Facebook653664_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Facebook653664_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Facebook653664_26-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Facebook653664_26-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Facebook653664_26-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Facebook653664_26-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Ukrainian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.epravda.com.ua/publications/2019/11/14/653664/">Three years without VKontakte: what social networks do Ukrainians prefer</a>, Ukrayinska Pravda (14 November 2019)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TwitterSpring12Ukraine-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TwitterSpring12Ukraine_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TwitterSpring12Ukraine_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/guide/general/detail/125565/">Ukraine is not a tweeting nation yet, but give it time</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Post" title="Kyiv Post">Kyiv Post</a> (2012-4-5)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-575624Uinsta2019-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-575624Uinsta2019_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-575624Uinsta2019_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.pravda.com.ua/authors/savanevsky/5c9a3c80ded19/">Instagram - social network N1 for Ukrainian youth under the age of 30</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a> (26 March 2019)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150310043440/http://www.alexa.com/topsites/countries/UA">"Alexa - top sites in Ukraine"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alexa.com/topsites/countries/UA">the original</a> on 2015-03-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-05-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alexa+-+top+sites+in+Ukraine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alexa.com%2Ftopsites%2Fcountries%2FUA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ewdn.com/2012/01/25/vkontakte-ru-opens-representative-office-in-ukraine/">Vkontakte.ru opens representative office in Ukraine</a>, East-West Digital News (25 January 2012), translation from the <span class="languageicon">(in Ukrainian)</span> original: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ain.ua/2012/01/19/71108">"Социальная сеть ВКонтакте открывает представительство в Украине"</a>. <i>AIN</i>. 2012-01-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-11-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIN&rft.atitle=%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%92%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5+%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%82+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D0%B2+%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5&rft.date=2012-01-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fain.ua%2F2012%2F01%2F19%2F71108&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ain.ua/2013/03/04/115147"><bdi lang="uk">Почти 10 млн пользователей из Украины заходят во "ВКонтакте" каждые сутки</bdi></a>. <i>AIN</i> (in Ukrainian). March 4, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIN&rft.atitle=%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%82%D0%B8+10+%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%BD+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%B8%D0%B7+%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8F%D1%82+%D0%B2%D0%BE+%22%D0%92%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%22+%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D1%81%D1%83%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8&rft.date=2013-03-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fain.ua%2F2013%2F03%2F04%2F115147&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-luhn-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-luhn_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-luhn_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuhn2017" class="citation news cs1">Luhn, Alec (16 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/may/16/ukraine-blocks-popular-russian-websites-kremlin-role-war">"Ukraine blocks popular social networks as part of sanctions on Russia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Ukraine+blocks+popular+social+networks+as+part+of+sanctions+on+Russia&rft.date=2017-05-16&rft.aulast=Luhn&rft.aufirst=Alec&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2017%2Fmay%2F16%2Fukraine-blocks-popular-russian-websites-kremlin-role-war&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090403052252/https://www.alexa.com/topsites/countries/UA">"Alexa - top sites in Ukraine"</a>. Alexa.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alexa.com/topsites/countries/UA">the original</a> on 2009-04-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alexa+-+top+sites+in+Ukraine&rft.pub=Alexa.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alexa.com%2Ftopsites%2Fcountries%2FUA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Украинский_E-commerce-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Украинский_E-commerce_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ain.ua/2013/06/11/127628">"Украинский E-commerce входит в тройку быстрорастущих рынков Европы"</a> [Ukrainian E-commerce is among the three fastest-growing markets in Europe]. <i>AIN.ua</i> (in Ukrainian). 6 November 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AIN.ua&rft.atitle=%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9+E-commerce+%D0%B2%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82+%D0%B2+%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BA%D1%83+%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85+%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%95%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%8B&rft.date=2013-11-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fain.ua%2F2013%2F06%2F11%2F127628&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Online_reservation-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Online_reservation_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130921013608/http://booking.uz.gov.ua/en/">"Online reservation"</a> (in Ukrainian). <a href="/wiki/Ukrzaliznytsia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrzaliznytsia">Ukrzaliznytsia</a>. 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Full-Scale Invasion: Control and Resilience"</a>. <b>3</b> (1): 7. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.31389%2Flseppr.85">10.31389/lseppr.85</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Russia%E2%80%99s+Networked+Authoritarianism+in+Ukraine%E2%80%99s+Occupied+Territories+during+the+Full-Scale+Invasion%3A+Control+and+Resilience&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=7&rft.date=2023-09-08&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.31389%2Flseppr.85&rft.aulast=Lokot&rft.aufirst=Tetyana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fppr.lse.ac.uk%2Farticles%2F10.31389%2Flseppr.85&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet+in+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://korrespondent.net/business/web/1554153-glavnymi-trendami-uaneta-stanut-elektronnaya-kommerciya-mobilnye-prilozheniya-i-media-uchastniki-rynk">Главными трендами Уанета станут электронная коммерция, мобильные приложения и медиа - участники рынка</a> by <i><a href="/wiki/Korrespondent.net" title="Korrespondent.net">Korrespondent.net</a></i> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mediabusiness.com.ua/?option=com_content&task=view&id=33396&Itemid=126">Эксперты: в Украине домашний доступ в Интернет есть у 40% граждан, - rbc.ua</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Internet_in_Ukraine" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Internet in Ukraine">Internet in Ukraine</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.inau.org.ua/eng.phtml">Internet Association of Ukraine</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140228075443/http://inau.org.ua/eng.phtml">Archived</a> 2014-02-28 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://watcher.com.ua/">Watcher:</a></i> <span class="languageicon">(in Ukrainian)</span> - Ukrainian Internet business and marketing <a href="/wiki/Online_newspaper" title="Online newspaper">online newspaper</a></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://proit.com.ua/">ProIT</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130430011832/http://proit.com.ua/">Archived</a> 2013-04-30 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span> - Ukrainian IT industry online newspaper</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ain.ua/">AIN</a></i> <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span> - Ukrainian IT industry online newspaper</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Internet_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Internet_in_Europe" title="Template:Internet in Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Internet_in_Europe" title="Template talk:Internet in Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Internet_in_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Internet in Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Internet_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Europe">Internet in Europe</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Albania" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Andorra" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Azerbaijan" title="Internet in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Belarus" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Belgium" title="Internet in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Bulgaria" title="Internet in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Croatia" title="Internet in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Cyprus" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Internet in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Denmark" title="Internet in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Estonia" title="Internet in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Finland" title="Internet in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_France" title="Internet in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Georgia_(country)" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Germany" title="Internet in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Greece" title="Internet in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Iceland" title="Internet in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Internet in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Italy" title="Internet in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Kazakhstan" title="Internet in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Latvia" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Liechtenstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Lithuania" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Luxembourg" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Malta" title="Internet in Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Moldova" title="Internet in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Monaco" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_Netherlands" title="Internet in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_North_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Norway" title="Internet in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Poland" title="Internet in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Portugal" title="Internet in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Romania" title="Internet in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Russia" title="Internet in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_San_Marino" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Serbia" title="Internet in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Slovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Slovenia" title="Internet in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Spain" title="Internet in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Sweden" title="Internet in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Switzerland" title="Internet in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Turkey" title="Internet in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Internet in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internet in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Kosovo" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internet in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internet in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Transnistria" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_%C3%85land" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Åland">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_Faroe_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Gibraltar" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Guernsey" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_Isle_of_Man" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet in Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Svalbard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internet in Svalbard (page does not exist)">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Internet_in_the_European_Union" title="Internet in the European Union">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ukraine_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ukraine_topics" title="Template:Ukraine topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ukraine_topics" title="Template talk:Ukraine topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ukraine_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ukraine topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ukraine_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ukraine" title="History of Ukraine">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Chronology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scythians" title="Scythians">Scythians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarmatians" title="Sarmatians">Sarmatians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goths" title="Goths">Goths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Slavs" title="Early Slavs">Early Slavs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Slavs" title="East Slavs">East Slavs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuyaba" title="Kuyaba">Kuyaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kievan_Rus%27" title="Kievan Rus'">Kievan Rus'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Kiev" title="Principality of Kiev">Principality of Kiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Kievan_Rus%27" title="Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'">Mongol invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Galicia%E2%80%93Volhynia" title="Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia">Galicia–Volhynia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Lithuania" title="Grand Duchy of Lithuania">Grand Duchy of Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kiev_Voivodeship" title="Kiev Voivodeship">Kiev Voivodeship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporozhian_Cossacks" title="Zaporozhian Cossacks">Zaporozhian Cossacks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zaporozhian_Sich" title="Zaporozhian Sich">Sich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cossack_Hetmanate" title="Cossack Hetmanate">Hetmanate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pereiaslav_Agreement" title="Pereiaslav Agreement">Pereiaslav Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Eastern_Europe)" title="Galicia (Eastern Europe)">Galicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_War_of_Independence" title="Ukrainian War of Independence">Revolution and War of Independence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic" title="Ukrainian People's Republic">Ukrainian People's Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_State" title="Ukrainian State">Ukrainian State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic" title="West Ukrainian People's Republic">West Ukrainian People's Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makhnovshchina" title="Makhnovshchina">Makhnovshchina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichskommissariat_Ukraine" title="Reichskommissariat Ukraine">Reichskommissariat Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_National_Committee" title="Ukrainian National Committee">Ukrainian National Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukrainian SSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holodomor" title="Holodomor">Holodomor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">Eastern Front (World War II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacres_of_Poles_in_Volhynia_and_Eastern_Galicia" title="Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia">Volhynia massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernobyl_disaster" title="Chernobyl disaster">Chernobyl disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_of_Ukraine" title="Declaration of Independence of Ukraine">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Revolution" title="Orange Revolution">Orange Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euromaidan" title="Euromaidan">Euromaidan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_Dignity" title="Revolution of Dignity">Revolution of Dignity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Outline of the Russo-Ukrainian War">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_pro-Russian_unrest_in_Ukraine" title="2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine">2014 pro-Russian unrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Annexation of Crimea by Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas" title="War in Donbas">War in Donbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity_in_Ukraine" title="History of Christianity in Ukraine">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ukraine" title="Economy of Ukraine">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine" title="Armed Forces of Ukraine">Military</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Ukraine" title="Geography of Ukraine">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_parks_of_Ukraine" title="National parks of Ukraine">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Network_of_Biosphere_Reserves_in_Europe_and_North_America#Ukraine" title="World Network of Biosphere Reserves in Europe and North America">Biosphere reserves</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Natural_Wonders_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Seven Natural Wonders of Ukraine">Seven Natural Wonders of Ukraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nature_reserves_of_Ukraine" title="List of nature reserves of Ukraine">Nature reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Populated_places_in_Ukraine" title="Populated places in Ukraine">Populated places</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Ukraine" title="List of cities in Ukraine">Cities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_longest_rivers_of_Ukraine" title="List of longest rivers of Ukraine">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Ukraine" title="List of mountains in Ukraine">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_waterfalls_in_Ukraine" title="List of waterfalls in Ukraine">Waterfalls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Ukraine" title="List of islands of Ukraine">Islands and sandbars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Ukraine" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Ukraine">World Heritage Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Ukraine" title="Wildlife of Ukraine">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Ukraine" title="Politics of Ukraine">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Ukraine" title="Administrative divisions of Ukraine">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine" title="Constitution of Ukraine">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Ukraine" title="Flag of Ukraine">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Ukraine" title="President of Ukraine">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ukraine" title="Government of Ukraine">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Ukraine" title="Foreign relations of Ukraine">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine" title="Armed Forces of Ukraine">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_Ukraine" title="Political parties in Ukraine">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Ukraine" title="Elections in Ukraine">Elections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Ukraine" title="Judiciary of Ukraine">Judiciary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Ukraine" title="Law of Ukraine">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_(Ukraine)" title="Ministry of Internal Affairs (Ukraine)">Law enforcement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Ukraine–European Union relations">Ukraine–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Ukraine–NATO relations">Ukraine–NATO relations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ukraine" title="Economy of Ukraine">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_hryvnia" title="Ukrainian hryvnia"><i>Hryvnia</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Ukraine" title="Banking in Ukraine">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_exchanges_in_Ukraine" title="Stock exchanges in Ukraine">Stock exchanges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Ukraine" title="Energy in Ukraine">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Ukraine" title="Science and technology in Ukraine">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Ukraine" title="Telecommunications in Ukraine">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Ukraine" title="Tourism in Ukraine">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Ukraine" title="Transport in Ukraine">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Ukraine" title="Category:Society of Ukraine">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Ukraine" title="Education in Ukraine">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Ukraine" title="Corruption in Ukraine">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_inequality_in_Ukraine" title="Gender inequality in Ukraine">Gender inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Ukraine" title="Health in Ukraine">Health</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Ukraine" title="Abortion in Ukraine">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_in_Ukraine" title="HIV/AIDS in Ukraine">HIV/AIDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_swine_flu_pandemic" title="2009 swine flu pandemic">Swine flu pandemic</a> (2009-10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ukraine" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine">COVID-19 pandemic</a> and <a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Delta_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant">Delta</a><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant">cron</a> hybrid variant (2020-22)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Ukraine" title="Crime in Ukraine">Murder</a> and <a href="/wiki/Suicide_in_Ukraine" title="Suicide in Ukraine">suicide</a> problems</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Ukraine" title="Human rights in Ukraine">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press_in_Ukraine" title="Freedom of the press in Ukraine">Freedom of the press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Ukraine">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Ukraine" title="Human trafficking in Ukraine">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Ukraine" title="Languages of Ukraine">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minorities_in_Ukraine" title="Minorities in Ukraine">Minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Ukraine" title="Prostitution in Ukraine">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Ukraine" title="Religion in Ukraine">Religion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Ukraine" title="Culture of Ukraine">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ukrainian_animation" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Ukrainian animation">Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_architecture" title="Ukrainian architecture">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Kievan_Rus%27" title="Architecture of Kievan Rus'">Kievan Rus'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_baroque" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian baroque">Baroque</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_of_Ukraine" title="Arts of Ukraine">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Ukraine" title="Cinema of Ukraine">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_cuisine" title="Ukrainian cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_wine" title="Ukrainian wine">Wine</a></li></ul></li> <li>Cultural icons <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandura" title="Bandura">Bandura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borscht" title="Borscht">Borscht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_fairy_tale" title="Ukrainian fairy tale">Kazka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobzar" title="Kobzar">Kobzar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pysanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Pysanka">Pysanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rushnyk" title="Rushnyk">Rushnyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyshyvanka" title="Vyshyvanka">Vyshyvanka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_dance" title="Ukrainian dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_folklore" title="Ukrainian folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Ukraine" title="Public holidays in Ukraine">Holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_of_Ukraine" title="Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine">Intangible Cultural Heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_literature" title="Ukrainian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Ukraine" title="Mass media in Ukraine">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Ukraine" title="Music of Ukraine">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_in_Ukraine" title="Opera in Ukraine">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Ukraine" title="Sport in Ukraine">Sport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Ukraine" title="Demographics of Ukraine">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainian people</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rus%27_people" title="Rus' people">Rus' people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruthenians" title="Ruthenians">Ruthenians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_diaspora" title="Ukrainian diaspora">Diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_refugee_crisis_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian refugee crisis (2022–present)">Refugees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigration to Ukraine">Immigration to Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censuses_in_Ukraine" title="Censuses in Ukraine">Censuses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Ukraine" title="Women in Ukraine">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Ukraine" title="Outline of Ukraine">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ukraine" title="Category:Ukraine">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ukraine" title="Portal:Ukraine">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&oldid=1251858259">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Internet_in_Ukraine&oldid=1251858259</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" 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