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Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7" title="ماتشيكو هاسيجاوا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ماتشيكو هاسيجاوا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE" title="মাচিকো হাসেগাওয়া – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মাচিকো হাসেগাওয়া" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machiko_Hasegawa" title="Machiko Hasegawa – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Machiko Hasegawa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasegawa_Machiko" title="Hasegawa Machiko – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hasegawa Machiko" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machiko_Hasegawa" title="Machiko Hasegawa – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Machiko Hasegawa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hasega%C5%ADa_Ma%C4%89iko" title="Hasegaŭa Maĉiko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Hasegaŭa Maĉiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machiko_Hasegawa" title="Machiko Hasegawa – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Machiko Hasegawa" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%98%EC%84%B8%EA%B0%80%EC%99%80_%EB%A7%88%EC%B9%98%EC%BD%94" title="하세가와 마치코 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="하세가와 마치코" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machiko_Hasegawa" title="Machiko Hasegawa – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Machiko Hasegawa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7" title="ماتشيكو هاسيجاوا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ماتشيكو هاسيجاوا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machiko_Hasegawa" title="Machiko Hasegawa – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Machiko Hasegawa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machiko_Hasegawa" title="Machiko Hasegawa – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Machiko Hasegawa" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E8%B0%B7%E5%B7%9D%E7%94%BA%E5%AD%90" title="長谷川町子 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="長谷川町子" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machiko_Hasegawa" title="Machiko Hasegawa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Machiko Hasegawa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machiko_Hasegawa" title="Machiko Hasegawa – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Machiko Hasegawa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0,_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Хасэгава, Матико – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хасэгава, Матико" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machiko_Hasegawa" title="Machiko Hasegawa – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Machiko Hasegawa" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machiko_Hasegawa" title="Machiko Hasegawa – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Machiko Hasegawa" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E8%B0%B7%E5%B7%9D%E7%94%BA%E5%AD%90" title="长谷川町子 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="长谷川町子" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E8%B0%B7%E5%B7%9D%E7%94%BA%E5%AD%90" title="長谷川町子 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="長谷川町子" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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It reached national circulation via the <i><a href="/wiki/Asahi_Shimbun" class="mw-redirect" title="Asahi Shimbun">Asahi Shimbun</a></i> in 1949,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and ran daily until Hasegawa decided to retire in February 1974. All of her comics were printed in Japan in <a href="/wiki/Digest_size" title="Digest size">digest</a> comics; by the mid-1990s, Hasegawa's estate had sold over 60 million copies in Japan alone. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_and_career">Life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Machiko_Hasegawa&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Machiko Hasegawa was born January 30, 1920, in <a href="/wiki/Taku,_Saga" title="Taku, Saga">Taku</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saga_Prefecture" title="Saga Prefecture">Saga Prefecture</a>. When she was 15, her father died and the family moved to Tokyo, where she took up drawing cartoons.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She successfully published several in magazines and newspapers, such as <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Sazae-san</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">サザエさん</span></span>, 1946–1974)</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-Daijisen_Sazae-san_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Daijisen_Sazae-san-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Ijiwaru Bā-san</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">いじわるばあさん</span></span>, "Granny Mischief", 1966–1971)</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Epuron Oba-san</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">エプロンおばさん</span></span>, "Aunt Apron", 1957–1965)</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a few that only ran for a short while.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Her comics were the first to follow a consistent four-panel layout, which later became the standard. </p><p>Hasegawa never married, instead living with her older sister Mariko. Both were art collectors, and their collection is housed in the <a href="/wiki/Hasegawa_Machiko_Art_Museum" title="Hasegawa Machiko Art Museum">Hasegawa Machiko Art Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Japan_Times_-_27Dec2010_-_The_World_of_Red_and_White_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Japan_Times_-_27Dec2010_-_The_World_of_Red_and_White-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two started the Shimaisha Publishing Company, through which 20 million paperback copies of her comics have been published. Hasegawa died of heart failure on May 27, 1992, at the age of 72. Towards the end of her life she stopped appearing in public and on television, and her death was kept a secret for 35 days after her private funeral as requested in her will.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sazae-san"><i>Sazae-san</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Machiko_Hasegawa&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Sazae-san"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sazae-san" title="Sazae-san">Sazae-san</a></div> <p><i>Sazae-san</i> was a popular postwar comic strip depicting the life of Sazae-san, a fictional Japanese housewife.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The comic strip was turned into a dramatic radio series in 1955 and a weekly animated series in 1969, which is still running as of 2024. </p><p>Hasegawa was involved in a court case with a bus company's unapproved use of <i>Sazae-san</i> and its characters in promotional images, as well as the name of the business, "Sazae-san Tours". As a result of this case, new copyright laws were established that extended protection for fictional characters as individual identities, not just within their series of origin.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Selected comics were translated into English, under the title <i>The Wonderful World of Sazae-san</i>. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Machiko_Hasegawa&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hasegawa won the 8th <a href="/wiki/Bungeishunj%C5%AB_Manga_Award" title="Bungeishunjū Manga Award">Bungeishunjū Manga Award</a> for <i>Sazae-san</i> in 1962.<sup id="cite_ref-Asahi_Shimbun_Profile_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Asahi_Shimbun_Profile-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was the first female manga artist to receive Japan's <a href="/wiki/Medals_of_Honor_(Japan)#Purple_ribbon" title="Medals of Honor (Japan)">Medal of Honor with Purple Ribbon</a> in 1982.<sup id="cite_ref-Asahi_Shimbun_Profile_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Asahi_Shimbun_Profile-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She also received the 4th Tokyo Cultural Award in 1988;<sup id="cite_ref-Asahi_Shimbun_Profile_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Asahi_Shimbun_Profile-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Precious_Crown" title="Order of the Precious Crown">Order of the Precious Crown</a>, Fourth Class in 1990;<sup id="cite_ref-Asahi_Shimbun_Profile_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Asahi_Shimbun_Profile-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Minister of Education Award for <i>Sazae-san</i> at the 20th <a href="/wiki/Japan_Cartoonists_Association_Award" title="Japan Cartoonists Association Award">Japan Cartoonists Association Awards</a> in 1991;<sup id="cite_ref-Daijisen_Sazae-san_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Daijisen_Sazae-san-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the 10th <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Honor_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Honor Award">People's Honor Award</a> in 1992;<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Special Prize at the 24th <a href="/wiki/Tezuka_Osamu_Cultural_Prize" title="Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prize">Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prizes</a> in 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Machiko_Hasegawa&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hasegawa_Machiko_Art_Museum" title="Hasegawa Machiko Art Museum">Hasegawa Machiko Art Museum</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Machiko_Hasegawa&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSchodt1985" class="citation journal cs1">Schodt, Frederik L. (1985). "Reading the Comics". <i>The Wilson Quarterly</i>. <b>9</b> (3): 64. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40256891">40256891</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wilson+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Reading+the+Comics&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=64&rft.date=1985&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40256891%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Schodt&rft.aufirst=Frederik+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMachiko+Hasegawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100528163429/http://www.asahi.com/shimbun/history.html"><bdi lang="ja">沿革：朝日新聞社インフォメーション</bdi></a> (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/The_Asahi_Shimbun_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="The Asahi Shimbun Company">The Asahi Shimbun Company</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.asahi.com/shimbun/history.html">the original</a> on May 28, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 26,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%B2%BF%E9%9D%A9%EF%BC%9A%E6%9C%9D%E6%97%A5%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E7%A4%BE%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%A1%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3&rft.pub=The+Asahi+Shimbun+Company&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.asahi.com%2Fshimbun%2Fhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMachiko+Hasegawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKirkup1992" class="citation web cs1">Kirkup, James (July 13, 1992). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-hasegawa-machiko-1533204.html">"Obituary: Hasegawa Machiko"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Obituary%3A+Hasegawa+Machiko&rft.date=1992-07-13&rft.aulast=Kirkup&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpeople%2Fobituary-hasegawa-machiko-1533204.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMachiko+Hasegawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Daijisen_Sazae-san-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Daijisen_Sazae-san_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Daijisen_Sazae-san_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%82%B5%E3%82%B6%E3%82%A8%E3%81%95%E3%82%93-191309"><bdi lang="ja">サザエさん</bdi></a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daijisen" title="Daijisen">Digital Daijisen Plus</a></i> (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/Shogakukan" title="Shogakukan">Shogakukan</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2021</span> – via Kotobank.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%E3%82%B5%E3%82%B6%E3%82%A8%E3%81%95%E3%82%93&rft.btitle=Digital+Daijisen+Plus&rft.pub=Shogakukan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkotobank.jp%2Fword%2F%25E3%2582%25B5%25E3%2582%25B6%25E3%2582%25A8%25E3%2581%2595%25E3%2582%2593-191309&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMachiko+Hasegawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%81%84%E3%81%98%E3%82%8F%E3%82%8B%E3%81%B0%E3%81%82%E3%81%95%E3%82%93-694433"><bdi lang="ja">いじわるばあさん</bdi></a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daijisen" title="Daijisen">Digital Daijisen Plus</a></i> (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/Shogakukan" title="Shogakukan">Shogakukan</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2021</span> – via Kotobank.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%E3%81%84%E3%81%98%E3%82%8F%E3%82%8B%E3%81%B0%E3%81%82%E3%81%95%E3%82%93&rft.btitle=Digital+Daijisen+Plus&rft.pub=Shogakukan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkotobank.jp%2Fword%2F%25E3%2581%2584%25E3%2581%2598%25E3%2582%258F%25E3%2582%258B%25E3%2581%25B0%25E3%2581%2582%25E3%2581%2595%25E3%2582%2593-694433&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMachiko+Hasegawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kotobank.jp/word/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%81%8A%E3%81%B0%E3%81%95%E3%82%93-697920"><bdi lang="ja">エプロンおばさん</bdi></a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Daijisen" title="Daijisen">Digital Daijisen Plus</a></i> (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/Shogakukan" title="Shogakukan">Shogakukan</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2021</span> – via Kotobank.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%E3%82%A8%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B3%E3%81%8A%E3%81%B0%E3%81%95%E3%82%93&rft.btitle=Digital+Daijisen+Plus&rft.pub=Shogakukan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkotobank.jp%2Fword%2F%25E3%2582%25A8%25E3%2583%2597%25E3%2583%25AD%25E3%2583%25B3%25E3%2581%258A%25E3%2581%25B0%25E3%2581%2595%25E3%2582%2593-697920&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMachiko+Hasegawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Japan_Times_-_27Dec2010_-_The_World_of_Red_and_White-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Japan_Times_-_27Dec2010_-_The_World_of_Red_and_White_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWada2010" class="citation news cs1">Wada, Yuhei (December 27, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120603163851/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/fa20101224b1.html">"The World of Red and White"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Japan_Times" title="The Japan Times">The Japan Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/fa20101224b1.html">the original</a> on June 3, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 11,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Japan+Times&rft.atitle=The+World+of+Red+and+White&rft.date=2010-12-27&rft.aulast=Wada&rft.aufirst=Yuhei&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.japantimes.co.jp%2Ftext%2Ffa20101224b1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMachiko+Hasegawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGaron2000" class="citation journal cs1">Garon, Sheldon (2000). "Luxury is the Enemy: Mobilizing Savings and Popularizing Thrift in Wartime Japan". <i>Journal of Japanese Studies</i>. <b>26</b> (1): 71. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F133391">10.2307/133391</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/133391">133391</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Japanese+Studies&rft.atitle=Luxury+is+the+Enemy%3A+Mobilizing+Savings+and+Popularizing+Thrift+in+Wartime+Japan&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=71&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F133391&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F133391%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Garon&rft.aufirst=Sheldon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMachiko+Hasegawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPort1988" class="citation journal cs1">Port, Kenneth L. (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://open.mitchellhamline.edu/facsch/141">"Copyright Protection of Fictional Characters in Japan"</a>. <i>Wisconsin International Law Journal</i>. <b>205</b>: 214–219 – via Mitchell Hamline School of Law.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wisconsin+International+Law+Journal&rft.atitle=Copyright+Protection+of+Fictional+Characters+in+Japan&rft.volume=205&rft.pages=214-219&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Port&rft.aufirst=Kenneth+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fopen.mitchellhamline.edu%2Ffacsch%2F141&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMachiko+Hasegawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Asahi_Shimbun_Profile-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Asahi_Shimbun_Profile_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Asahi_Shimbun_Profile_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Asahi_Shimbun_Profile_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Asahi_Shimbun_Profile_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asahi.com/corporate/award/tezuka/13367842#menu04"><bdi lang="ja">第24回受賞作品：特別賞長谷川町子</bdi></a> (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/The_Asahi_Shimbun_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="The Asahi Shimbun Company">The Asahi Shimbun Company</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E7%AC%AC24%E5%9B%9E%E5%8F%97%E8%B3%9E%E4%BD%9C%E5%93%81%EF%BC%9A%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5%E8%B3%9E+%E9%95%B7%E8%B0%B7%E5%B7%9D%E7%94%BA%E5%AD%90&rft.pub=The+Asahi+Shimbun+Company&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asahi.com%2Fcorporate%2Faward%2Ftezuka%2F13367842%23menu04&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMachiko+Hasegawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRansom2012" class="citation web cs1">Ransom, Ko (April 27, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2012-04-27/hagio-is-1st-female-manga-creator-to-win-japan-purple-ribbon">"Hagio Is 1st <i>Shōjo</i> Manga Creator to Win Japan's Purple Ribbon (Updated)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Anime_News_Network" title="Anime News Network">Anime News Network</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2021</span>. <q>Machiko Hasegawa was the first female manga creator to receive the medal.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Anime+News+Network&rft.atitle=Hagio+Is+1st+Sh%C5%8Djo+Manga+Creator+to+Win+Japan%27s+Purple+Ribbon+%28Updated%29&rft.date=2012-04-27&rft.aulast=Ransom&rft.aufirst=Ko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.animenewsnetwork.com%2Fnews%2F2012-04-27%2Fhagio-is-1st-female-manga-creator-to-win-japan-purple-ribbon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMachiko+Hasegawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHahn" class="citation web cs1">Hahn, Joel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hahnlibrary.net/comics/awards/japancartoonist.php">"Japanese Cartoonists' Association Award"</a>. <i>Comic Book Awards Almanac</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Comic+Book+Awards+Almanac&rft.atitle=Japanese+Cartoonists%27+Association+Award&rft.aulast=Hahn&rft.aufirst=Joel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hahnlibrary.net%2Fcomics%2Fawards%2Fjapancartoonist.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMachiko+Hasegawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923200439/http://www.cao.go.jp/others/jinji/kokumineiyosho/index.html">"People's Honor Award"</a> (in Japanese). <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_Office_(Japan)" title="Cabinet Office (Japan)">Cabinet Office</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cao.go.jp/others/jinji/kokumineiyosho/index.html">the original</a> on September 23, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 25,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=People%27s+Honor+Award&rft.pub=Cabinet+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cao.go.jp%2Fothers%2Fjinji%2Fkokumineiyosho%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMachiko+Hasegawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nippon.com/en/features/h00027/">"People's Honor Award Recipients"</a>. <i>Nippon.com</i>. The Nippon Communications Foundation. June 22, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nippon.com&rft.atitle=People%27s+Honor+Award+Recipients&rft.date=2017-06-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nippon.com%2Fen%2Ffeatures%2Fh00027%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMachiko+Hasegawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPineda2020" class="citation web cs1">Pineda, Rafael Antonio (April 27, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2020-04-27/nyx-no-lantern-sazae-san-machiko-hasegawa-win-tezuka-osamu-cultural-prizes/.159053">"<i>Nyx no Lantern</i>, <i>Sazae-san</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'s</span> Machiko Hasegawa Win Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prizes"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Anime_News_Network" title="Anime News Network">Anime News Network</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Anime+News+Network&rft.atitle=Nyx+no+Lantern%2C+Sazae-san%27s+Machiko+Hasegawa+Win+Tezuka+Osamu+Cultural+Prizes&rft.date=2020-04-27&rft.aulast=Pineda&rft.aufirst=Rafael+Antonio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.animenewsnetwork.com%2Fnews%2F2020-04-27%2Fnyx-no-lantern-sazae-san-machiko-hasegawa-win-tezuka-osamu-cultural-prizes%2F.159053&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMachiko+Hasegawa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Machiko_Hasegawa&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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/></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Anime_and_manga" title="Portal:Anime and manga">Anime and manga portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hasegawamachiko.jp/#biography">Timeline of her life</a> at the Hasegawa Machiko Art Museum <span class="languageicon">(in Japanese)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/encyclopedia/people.php?id=13325">Machiko Hasegawa</a> at <a href="/wiki/Anime_News_Network" title="Anime News Network">Anime News Network</a>'s encyclopedia</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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