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材料科学 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书

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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">材料科学</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。71种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-71" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">71种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materiaalkunde" title="Materiaalkunde – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Materiaalkunde" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A8%E1%89%81%E1%88%B6%E1%89%BD_%E1%8C%A5%E1%8A%93%E1%89%B5_%E1%88%B3%E1%8B%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%88%B5_%E1%8B%88%E1%8B%AD%E1%88%9D_%E1%88%9D%E1%88%85%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%B5%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%93" title="የቁሶች ጥናት ሳይንስ ወይም ምህንድስና – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="የቁሶች ጥናት ሳይንስ ወይም ምህንድስና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="علم المواد – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="علم المواد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia_de_materiales" title="Ciencia de materiales – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ciencia de materiales" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Material%C5%9F%C3%BCnasl%C4%B1q" title="Materialşünaslıq – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Materialşünaslıq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D3%A9%D0%B9%D1%80%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%B5%D2%AF" title="Материалдар өйрәнеү – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Материалдар өйрәнеү" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Матэрыялазнаўства – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Матэрыялазнаўства" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Материалознание – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Материалознание" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="উপাদান বিজ্ঞান – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উপাদান বিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauka_o_materijalima" title="Nauka o materijalima – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nauka o materijalima" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%A8ncia_de_materials" title="Ciència de materials – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ciència de materials" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AF%DB%95" title="زانستی ماددە – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زانستی ماددە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materi%C3%A1lov%C3%A9_v%C4%9Bdy" title="Materiálové vědy – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Materiálové vědy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%BF%C4%95%D0%BB%C4%95%D0%B2%C4%95" title="Материал пĕлĕвĕ – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Материал пĕлĕвĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialevidenskab" title="Materialevidenskab – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Materialevidenskab" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialwissenschaft_und_Werkstofftechnik" title="Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materyal%C5%9F%C4%B1nasiye" title="Materyalşınasiye – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Materyalşınasiye" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B7_%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Επιστήμη υλικών – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Επιστήμη υλικών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materials_science" title="Materials science – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Materials science" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia_de_materiales" title="Ciencia de materiales – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ciencia de materiales" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materjaliteadus" title="Materjaliteadus – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Materjaliteadus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialen_zientzia" title="Materialen zientzia – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Materialen zientzia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="علم مواد – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="علم مواد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materiaalitiede" title="Materiaalitiede – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Materiaalitiede" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_des_mat%C3%A9riaux" title="Science des matériaux – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Science des matériaux" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eola%C3%ADocht_na_n-%C3%A1bhar" title="Eolaíocht na n-ábhar – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Eolaíocht na n-ábhar" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciencia_dos_materiais" title="Ciencia dos materiais – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ciencia dos materiais" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%A1%D7%AA_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D" title="הנדסת חומרים – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הנדסת חומרים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="पदार्थ विज्ञान – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पदार्थ विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Znanost_o_materijalima" title="Znanost o materijalima – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Znanost o materijalima" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Նյութագիտություն – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նյութագիտություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teknik_material" title="Teknik material – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Teknik material" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scienza_dei_materiali" title="Scienza dei materiali – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Scienza dei materiali" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%A6" title="材料工学 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="材料工学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83" title="Материалтану – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Материалтану" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%AC%EB%A3%8C%EA%B3%BC%ED%95%99" title="재료과학 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="재료과학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83" title="Материал таануу – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Материал таануу" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Med%C5%BEiagotyra" title="Medžiagotyra – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Medžiagotyra" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materi%C4%81lzin%C4%81tne" title="Materiālzinātne – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Materiālzinātne" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B6%D0%BB%D1%8D%D1%85_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Материалын шинжлэх ухаан – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Материалын шинжлэх ухаан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="पदार्थविज्ञान – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पदार्थविज्ञान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sains_bahan" title="Sains bahan – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sains bahan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xjenza_tal-materjali" title="Xjenza tal-materjali – 马耳他语" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Xjenza tal-materjali" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="马耳他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="पदार्थ विज्ञान – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पदार्थ विज्ञान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materiaalkunde" title="Materiaalkunde – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Materiaalkunde" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materiall%C3%A6re" title="Materiallære – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Materiallære" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialvitenskap" title="Materialvitenskap – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Materialvitenskap" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badania_materia%C5%82owe" title="Badania materiałowe – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Badania materiałowe" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="موادپوهنه – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="موادپوهنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ci%C3%AAncia_dos_materiais" title="Ciência dos materiais – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ciência dos materiais" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%98tiin%C8%9Ba_materialelor" title="Știința materialelor – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Știința materialelor" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Материаловедение – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Материаловедение" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materials_science" title="Materials science – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Materials science" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauka_o_materijalima" title="Nauka o materijalima – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nauka o materijalima" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BA_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80_%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8" title="ද්‍රව්‍යයමය විද්‍යාව හැදින්වීම – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ද්‍රව්‍යයමය විද්‍යාව හැදින්වීම" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materials_science" title="Materials science – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Materials science" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shkenca_e_materialeve" title="Shkenca e materialeve – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shkenca e materialeve" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauka_o_materijalima" title="Nauka o materijalima – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Nauka o materijalima" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89lmu_bahan" title="Élmu bahan – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Élmu bahan" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materialvetenskap" title="Materialvetenskap – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Materialvetenskap" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="பொருளறிவியல் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பொருளறிவியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="วัสดุศาสตร์ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วัสดุศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agham_ng_mga_materyal" title="Agham ng mga materyal – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Agham ng mga materyal" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malzeme_bilimi" title="Malzeme bilimi – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Malzeme bilimi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%90%D8%B1%D9%89%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%A6%D9%89%D9%84%D9%85%D9%89" title="ماتېرىيال ئىلمى – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ماتېرىيال ئىلمى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Матеріалознавство – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Матеріалознавство" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85" title="اموادی علم – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اموادی علم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khoa_h%E1%BB%8Dc_v%E1%BA%ADt_li%E1%BB%87u" title="Khoa học vật liệu – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khoa học vật liệu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syensya_hin_materyales" title="Syensya hin materyales – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Syensya hin materyales" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="材料科学 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="材料科学" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="材料科學 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="材料科學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q228736#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" 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.ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Expert_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目需要<b>精通或熟悉相关主题的编者</b>参与及协助编辑。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2020年4月22日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>請<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%B0%88%E5%AE%B6%E9%82%80%E8%AB%8B%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E5%B0%8F%E7%B5%84" title="Wikipedia:專家邀請工作小組">邀請</a>適合的人士<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit">改善本条目</a>。更多的細節與詳情請參见<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="Talk:材料科学">討論頁</a>。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Trivia plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>應避免有<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8A/%E7%91%A3%E7%A2%8E%E7%AB%A0%E7%AF%80" title="Wikipedia:格式手冊/瑣碎章節">陳列雜項、瑣碎資料</a>的部分。</b><span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2009年8月30日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>請<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit">協助</a>將有關資料重新編排成連貫性的文章,安置於適當章節或條目內。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stsheat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Stsheat.jpg/250px-Stsheat.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Stsheat.jpg/375px-Stsheat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Stsheat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E9%A3%9E%E6%9C%BA_(%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD)" title="航天飞机 (美国)">航天飞机</a>外殼是多種材料工程的產物,可以承受回返大氣層時1,500度的高溫。</figcaption></figure> <p><b>材料科學</b>(英語:<span lang="en">materials science</span>),涉及物質的性質及其在各個<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="科學">科學</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="工程學">工程學</a>領域的整合應用,是一個研究<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="材料">材料</a>的製備或加工工藝、材料的微觀結構與材料宏觀性能三者之間的相互關係的跨領域學科。涉及的理論包括<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E4%BD%93%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="固体物理学">固體物理學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="材料化学">材料化學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="应用物理">應用物理</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-disambig" title="應用化學">應用化學</a>,以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="化學工程">化學工程</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%9F%E6%A2%B0%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="機械工程">機械工程</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%A9%9F%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="電機工程">電機工程</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="电子工程">電子工程</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%9C%A8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="土木工程">土木工程</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="建筑工程">建築工程</a>。與<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%9F%E6%A2%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="機械">機械</a>結合則衍生出<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A9%9F%E6%A2%B0%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="機械材料(页面不存在)">機械材料</a>,與<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="電子">電子</a>結合則衍生出<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="电子材料">電子材料</a>,與土木建築結合則衍生出<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" class="mw-redirect" title="結構材料">結構材料</a>,與<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="生物學">生物學</a>結合則衍生出<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="生物材料(页面不存在)">生物材料</a>等等。隨著近年來媒體將注意力大量集中在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="纳米科学">纳米科學</a>上,材料科學在科學與工程學領域越來越廣為人知。它也是<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="法醫學">鑑識科學</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%85%E9%9A%9C%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90" title="故障分析">破壞分析</a>中的一個重要組成部分,以後者為例,它是分析各種飛航意外的關鍵。今日許多科技上的問題受限於材料能夠容許的極限,也因此,在此領域的突破在未來科技具有指標性的影響。材料科學有著廣泛的應用前景。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="簡史"><span id=".E7.B0.A1.E5.8F.B2"></span>簡史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="编辑章节:簡史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E5%8F%B2" title="材料科技史">材料科技史</a></div> <p>在各時代上材料的選擇往往決定了該時代的發展,像是<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" title="石器時代">石器時代</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%8A%85%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="青銅器時代">青銅器時代</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5%E5%99%A8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="鐵器時代">鐵器時代</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="工業革命">工業革命</a>就是明顯的例子。材料科學是最古老的應用科學及工程學之一,起初被引導來自陶瓷的加工和冶金學的延伸。現代材料科學演進來自於<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B6%E9%87%91%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="冶金學">冶金學</a>。在十九世紀晚期一位美國科學家<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%C2%B7%E5%90%89%E5%B8%83%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="约西亚·吉布斯">約西亞·吉布斯</a>發現材料在不同<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E6%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="相態">相態</a>之間的<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="熱力學">熱力學</a>性質,使得在理解材料性質上有重大性的突破。材料科學與其他領域的合作發展革命性科技,像是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%91%E8%86%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="塑膠">塑膠</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="半導體">半導體</a>和<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生物材料" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Biomaterial"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="生物材料(页面不存在)">生物材料</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomaterial" class="extiw" title="en:Biomaterial"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Biomaterial</span></a></span>)</span></span>。 </p><p>在1960年代前,許多材料科學系都被稱為礦冶系。1960後當時美國高等研究計劃署(Advanced Research Projects Agency),現為<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%98%B2%E9%AB%98%E7%AD%89%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83%E7%BD%B2" title="國防高等研究計劃署">國防高等研究計劃署</a>(Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency),為了材料科學的基礎研究以及訓練的國家計劃(“to expand the national program of basic research and training in the materials science”)在1960年代創立一系列大學實驗室,建立了材料科學。此領域包含<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B6%E7%93%B7" class="mw-disambig" title="陶瓷">陶瓷</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="聚合物">聚合物</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="半導體">半導體</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E6%80%A7%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" class="mw-redirect" title="磁性材料">磁性材料</a>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生物材料" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Biomaterial"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="生物材料(页面不存在)">生物材料</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomaterial" class="extiw" title="en:Biomaterial"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Biomaterial</span></a></span>)</span></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%88%E7%B1%B3%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" class="mw-redirect" title="奈米科技">奈米材料</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="材料科學理論"><span id=".E6.9D.90.E6.96.99.E7.A7.91.E5.AD.B8.E7.90.86.E8.AB.96"></span>材料科學理論</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="编辑章节:材料科學理論"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%86%B6%E9%87%91%E5%AD%A6" title="物理冶金学">物理冶金學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E5%AD%A6" title="晶体学">晶體學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E4%BD%93%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="固体物理学">固體物理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E4%BD%93%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="固体化学">材料化學(固體化學)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="材料應用力學(页面不存在)">材料應用力學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E9%9D%9C%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="材料靜力學(页面不存在)">材料靜力學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="材料動力學(页面不存在)">材料動力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="材料力學">材料力學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%86%B1%E6%B5%81%E5%AD%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="材料熱流學(页面不存在)">材料熱流學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="材料热力学">材料熱力學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="材料流體力學(页面不存在)">材料流體力學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="材料計算科學(页面不存在)">材料計算科學</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="材料的分類"><span id=".E6.9D.90.E6.96.99.E7.9A.84.E5.88.86.E9.A1.9E"></span>材料的分類</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="编辑章节:材料的分類"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>基本材料分类<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%9D%90" title="木材">木材</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" class="mw-redirect" title="金屬材料">金屬材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B6%E7%93%B7%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="陶瓷材料">陶瓷材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83" title="玻璃">玻璃材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="高分子材料">高分子材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A4%87%E5%90%88%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" class="mw-redirect" title="複合材料">複合材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="半导体材料">半導體材料</a></li></ul></li> <li>按化學狀態分類 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E6%9D%90" title="木材">木材</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" class="mw-redirect" title="金屬材料">金屬材料</a></li> <li>無極非金屬材料 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B6%E7%93%B7%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="陶瓷材料">陶瓷材料</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA" title="有機物質">有機材料</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="高分子材料">高分子材料</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>按物理性質分類 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E5%BC%B7%E5%BA%A6%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="高強度材料(页面不存在)">高強度材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%80%90%E9%AB%98%E6%B8%A9%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="耐高温材料(页面不存在)">耐高温材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E7%A1%AC%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="超硬材料">超硬材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%8E%E9%9B%BB%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="導電材料(页面不存在)">導電材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B5%95%E7%B7%A3%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="絕緣材料(页面不存在)">絕緣材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E6%80%A7%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" class="mw-redirect" title="磁性材料">磁性材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%8F%E5%85%89%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="透光材料(页面不存在)">透光材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="半导体材料">半導體材料</a></li></ul></li> <li>按狀態分類 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E6%99%B6%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" class="mw-redirect" title="单晶材料">單晶材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%9A%E6%99%B6%E8%B3%AA%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="多晶質材料(页面不存在)">多晶質材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9E%E6%99%B6%E6%85%8B%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="非晶態材料(页面不存在)">非晶態材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%86%E6%99%B6%E6%85%8B%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="准晶態材料(页面不存在)">准晶態材料</a></li></ul></li> <li>按物理效應分類 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%90%B5%E9%9B%BB%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="鐵電材料(页面不存在)">鐵電材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%8B%E7%94%B5%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" class="mw-redirect" title="压电材料">壓電材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E7%94%B5%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="热电材料">熱電材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="電磁材料(页面不存在)">電磁材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%B7%E5%B0%84%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="雷射材料(页面不存在)">雷射材料</a></li></ul></li> <li>按用途分類 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%9C%A8%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="土木材料">土木材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="建筑材料">建築材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" class="mw-redirect" title="結構材料">結構材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A0%94%E7%A3%A8%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="研磨材料(页面不存在)">研磨材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%90%E7%81%AB%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="耐火材料">耐火材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%80%90%E9%85%B8%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="耐酸材料(页面不存在)">耐酸材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E5%B7%A5%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="水工材料(页面不存在)">水工材料</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%8D%E7%AE%A1%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="配管材料(页面不存在)">配管材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A9%9F%E6%A2%B0%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="機械材料(页面不存在)">機械材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E6%A9%9F%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="電機材料(页面不存在)">電機材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="电子材料">電子材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E5%B7%A5%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="電工材料(页面不存在)">電工材料</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%85%8D%E7%B7%9A%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="配線材料(页面不存在)">配線材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%89%E5%AD%B8%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="光學材料(页面不存在)">光學材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%84%9F%E5%85%89%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="感光材料(页面不存在)">感光材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%85%E8%A3%9D%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="包裝材料(页面不存在)">包裝材料</a></li></ul></li> <li>按組成分類 <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%AE%E7%B5%84%E5%88%86%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="單組分材料(页面不存在)">單組分材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A4%87%E5%90%88%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" class="mw-redirect" title="複合材料">複合材料</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="材料工程技術"><span id=".E6.9D.90.E6.96.99.E5.B7.A5.E7.A8.8B.E6.8A.80.E8.A1.93"></span>材料工程技術</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="编辑章节:材料工程技術"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E6%88%90%E5%BD%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="金屬材料成形">金屬材料成形</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E6%A2%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5" title="机械加工">機械加工</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9E%E5%82%B3%E7%B5%B1%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="非傳統加工(页面不存在)">非傳統加工</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E8%99%95%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="熱處理">熱處理</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5" title="热加工">熱加工</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%B6%E7%93%B7%E5%86%B6%E9%87%91&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="陶瓷冶金(页面不存在)">陶瓷冶金</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B6%E7%93%B7%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="陶瓷工程">陶瓷工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%89%E6%9C%AB%E5%86%B6%E9%87%91" title="粉末冶金">粉末冶金</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%84%E8%86%9C%E7%94%9F%E9%95%B7%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" class="mw-redirect" title="薄膜生長技術">薄膜生長技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E8%99%95%E7%90%86%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" class="mw-redirect" title="表面處理技術">表面處理技術</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E6%94%B9%E6%80%A7%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" class="mw-redirect" title="表面改性技術">表面改性技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E5%A1%97%E8%A6%86%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" class="mw-redirect" title="表面塗覆技術">表面涂覆技術</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="材料的應用"><span id=".E6.9D.90.E6.96.99.E7.9A.84.E6.87.89.E7.94.A8"></span>材料的應用</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="编辑章节:材料的應用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" class="mw-redirect" title="結構材料">結構材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="資訊材料(页面不存在)">資訊材料</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%84%B2%E5%AD%98%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="儲存材料(页面不存在)">儲存材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="半导体材料">半導體材料</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A9%9F%E6%A2%B0%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="機械材料(页面不存在)">機械材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E6%A9%9F%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="電機材料(页面不存在)">電機材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="电子材料">電子材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%AA%E8%A1%8C%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="航行材料(页面不存在)">航行材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="航空材料(页面不存在)">航空材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%88%AA%E6%B5%B7%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="航海材料(页面不存在)">航海材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E6%9C%A8%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="土木材料">土木材料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="建筑材料">建築材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="能源材料(页面不存在)">能源材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="生物材料(页面不存在)">生物材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="環境材料(页面不存在)">環境材料</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%84%B2%E8%83%BD%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E5%92%8C%E5%90%AB%E8%83%BD%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="儲能材料和含能材料(页面不存在)">儲能材料和含能材料</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参見"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A6.8B"></span>参見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="编辑章节:参見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="纳米材料">纳米材料</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="编辑章节:参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">U.S. Department of Energy, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Materials Science and Technology Teachers Handbook, vol 2, pp.19-20, 2008</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output 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selflink">材料科学</a>分支</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">主要类别</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B6%E9%87%91%E5%AD%A6" title="冶金学">冶金学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B6%E7%93%B7%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="陶瓷工程">陶瓷工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="聚合物科學">聚合物科學</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="聚合物工程">聚合物工程</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">对材料的独立研究</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E5%BE%81_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="表征 (化学)">表征</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="计算材料科学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Computational materials science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="计算材料科学(页面不存在)">计算材料科学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computational_materials_science" class="extiw" title="en:Computational materials science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Computational materials science</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="材料信息学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Materials informatics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="材料信息学(页面不存在)">材料信息学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Materials_informatics" class="extiw" title="en:Materials informatics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Materials informatics</span></a></span>)</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">研究领域</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E5%AD%A6" title="晶体学">晶体学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="表面科学">表面科学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E6%93%A6%E5%AD%A6" title="摩擦学">摩擦学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%AD%A6" title="微电子学">微电子学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E9%99%85%E6%95%B4%E5%90%88" title="科际整合">科际整合</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學">化學</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E4%BD%93%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="固体化学">固体化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="高分子化学">高分子化学</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BF%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="矿物学">矿物学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BF%E4%B8%9A%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="矿业工程">矿业工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="核工程">核工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="物理学">物理学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%9D%E8%81%9A%E6%80%81%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="凝聚态物理学">凝聚态物理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="高分子物理学">高分子物理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8" title="软物质">软物质</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E4%BD%93%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="固体物理学">固体物理学</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="Category:材料科學">分类</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="共享资源页面"><img alt="共享资源页面" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2" title="波">波</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%BA_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86)" title="场 (物理)">场</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%95%E5%8A%9B" title="引力">引力</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E5%AD%A6" title="电磁学">电磁学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E5%85%B8%E7%94%B5%E7%A3%81%E5%AD%A6" title="经典电磁学">经典</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%9C%BA%E8%AE%BA" title="量子场论">量子场论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8%E5%AF%B9%E8%AE%BA" title="相对论">相对论</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%AD%E4%B9%89%E7%9B%B8%E5%AF%B9%E8%AE%BA" title="狭义相对论">狭义相对论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E7%BE%A9%E7%9B%B8%E5%B0%8D%E8%AB%96" title="廣義相對論">廣義相對論</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">按专业</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E7%A2%BC%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="數碼物理學">數碼物理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="计算物理学">计算物理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="粒子物理學">粒子物理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E6%A0%B8%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="原子核物理学">原子核物理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E4%B8%8E%E5%85%89%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="原子分子与光物理学">原子分子與光物理學</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="分子物理学">分子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="原子物理学">原子</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%89%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BD%93%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="等离子体物理学">等离子体</a></li> <li><a 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title="量子光学">量子</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="天体物理学">天体物理学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="核天体物理学">核</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%92%E6%98%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="恒星物理学">恒星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93%E7%B2%92%E5%AD%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="天体粒子物理学">天体粒子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="太阳物理学">太阳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E9%97%B4%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="空间物理学">空间</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">生命科学中的物理学</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="生物物理学">生物物理学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="生物力学">生物力学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="农业物理学">农业物理学</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86" title="醫學物理">醫學物理</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="激光医学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Laser medicine"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="激光医学(页面不存在)">激光医学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_medicine" class="extiw" title="en:Laser medicine"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Laser medicine</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="核医学">核医学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8%E5%BD%B1%E5%83%8F" title="醫學影像">醫學影像</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%83%E7%90%86%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="心理物理学">心理物理学</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E9%99%85%E6%95%B4%E5%90%88" title="科际整合">交叉学科</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="天体物理学">天体物理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%A6%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86" title="数学物理">数学物理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E7%BA%BF%E6%80%A7%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="非线性物理学">非线性物理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="經濟物理學">经济物理学</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">材料科学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="高分子物理学">高分子</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="物理化学">物理化学</a> / <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="化学物理学">化学物理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E5%AD%A6" title="物理宇宙学">物理宇宙学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="大气物理学">大气</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%91%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="云物理学">云</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="地球物理学">地球物理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%A3%A4%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="土壤物理學">土壤物理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="物理海洋学">物理海洋学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="量子信息科学">量子信息科学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">有关</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96" title="诺贝尔物理学奖">诺贝尔物理学奖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="物理教育">物理教育</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="Category:物理学">分类</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" 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title="Special:编辑页面/Template:化学分支"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="化學分支" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學">化學</a>分支</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="生物分子列表">生物分子列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%9C%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="无机化合物列表">无机化合物列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="有机化合物列表">有机化合物列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" title="元素周期表">元素周期表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="分析化学">分析化学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%AA%E5%99%A8%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90" title="仪器分析">仪器分析</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90" class="mw-redirect" title="电化学分析">电化学分析</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E8%B0%B1%E5%AD%A6" title="光谱学">光谱法</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%A4%96%E5%85%89%E8%B0%B1%E5%AD%A6" title="红外光谱学">IR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E6%9B%BC%E5%85%89%E8%AD%9C%E5%AD%B8" title="拉曼光譜學">Raman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E5%A4%96-%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%81%E5%88%86%E5%85%89%E5%85%89%E5%BA%A6%E6%B3%95" title="紫外-可见分光光度法">uv-vis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%A3%81%E5%85%B1%E6%8C%AF%E6%B3%A2%E8%B0%B1%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="核磁共振波谱法">NMR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%A8%E8%B0%B1%E6%B3%95" title="质谱法">质谱法</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E9%9B%BB%E9%9B%A2" title="電子電離">EI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E6%84%9F%E8%80%A6%E5%90%88%E7%AD%89%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BD%93%E8%B4%A8%E8%B0%B1%E6%B3%95" title="电感耦合等离子体质谱法">ICP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E8%B4%A8%E8%BE%85%E5%8A%A9%E6%BF%80%E5%85%89%E8%A7%A3%E5%90%B8/%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB" title="基质辅助激光解吸/电离">MALDI</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E8%B0%B1%E6%B3%95" title="色谱法">色谱法</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E7%9B%B8%E8%89%B2%E8%B0%B1%E6%B3%95" title="气相色谱法">GC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E6%95%88%E6%B6%B2%E7%9B%B8%E8%89%B2%E8%B0%B1%E6%B3%95" title="高效液相色谱法">HPLC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9E%E7%A7%92%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="飞秒化学">飞秒化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E5%AD%A6" title="晶体学">晶体学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E5%BE%81_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="表征 (化学)">表征</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="物理化学">物理化学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="电化学">电化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="热化学">热化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="化学热力学">化学热力学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%86%A0%E9%AB%94" title="膠體">胶体化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E9%9D%A2%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="表面科学">表面科学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E8%B0%B1%E5%AD%A6" title="光谱学">光谱学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="结构化学">结构化学</a> / <a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E5%AD%A6" title="晶体学">晶体学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="化学物理学">化学物理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="化学动力学">化学动力学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9E%E7%A7%92%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="飞秒化学">飞秒化学</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="量子化学">量子化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="光化学">光化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="核化学">核化学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%9C%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="无机化学">无机化学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%8D%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="配合物">配位化學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="磁化学">磁化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机金属化学">有机金属化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%97%A0%E6%9C%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="生物无机化学">生物无机化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="生物有機金屬化學">生物有機金屬化學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E7%B0%87%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="原子簇化學">原子簇化學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E5%AD%A6" title="晶体学">晶体学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E4%BD%93%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="固体化学">固体化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B6%E9%87%91%E5%AD%A6" title="冶金学">冶金学</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">材料科学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机化学">有机化学</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="生物化学">生物化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="生物有机化学">生物有机化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8" title="化學生物學">化學生物學</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%AD%A3%E4%BA%A4%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="生物正交化学">生物正交化学</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B4%E5%BA%8A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="临床化学">临床化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%B6%93%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="神經化學">神經化學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="生物物理化学">生物物理化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%A6" title="分子生物学">分子生物学</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E4%BD%93%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="立体化学">立体化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="物理有机化学">物理有机化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="有机反应">有机反应</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%86%E5%90%88%E6%88%90%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90" title="逆合成分析">逆合成分析</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%AF%B9%E7%A7%B0%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="不对称合成">不对称合成</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="全合成">全合成</a> / <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="半合成">半合成</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%AF%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="药物化学">药物化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E5%8B%92%E7%83%AF%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="富勒烯化学">富勒烯化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="高分子化学">高分子化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="石油化学">石油化学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他化學</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="核化学">核化学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%92%E7%B3%BB%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="錒系化學">錒系化學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="放射化学">放射化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%90%E5%B0%84%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="辐射化学">辐射化学</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%BD%93%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="天体化学">天体化学</a> / <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="宇宙化學">宇宙化學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="地球化学">地球化学</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="环境化学">环境化学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B0%94%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="大气化学">大气化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="海洋化學">海洋化學</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A4%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="煤化学">煤化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="石油化学">石油化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="食品化學">食品化學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="農業化學">農業化學</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="化学教育">化学教育</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="法化学">法化学</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="纳米化学">纳米化学</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="超分子化學">超分子化學</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="化学合成">化学合成</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%BF%E8%89%B2%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="绿色化学">绿色化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%82%B9%E5%87%BB%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="点击化学">点击化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%84%E5%90%88%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="组合化学">组合化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="生物合成">生物合成</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="计算化学">计算化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="理论化学">理论化学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%BF%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="湿化学">湿化学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">参阅</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%B2" title="化学史">化学史</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="化学年表">化学年表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E7%99%BC%E7%8F%BE%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="化學元素發現年表">元素发现史</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E8%B4%9D%E5%B0%94%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%A5%96" title="诺贝尔化学奖">诺贝尔化学奖</a></li> <li>“<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="中心科學">中心科學</a>”</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="化学反应">化学反应</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96" title="催化">催化</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="化學元素">化學元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="化合物">化合物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="分子">分子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" title="离子">离子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE" title="化学键">化学键</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><b><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="Category:化学">化學分類</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="Portal:化学">化學主題</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="共享资源页面"><img alt="共享资源页面" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Chemistry" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Chemistry">共享資源</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="专题"><img alt="专题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/WikiProject:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="WikiProject:化學">專題</a></b></li></ul> 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title="电子工程">电子工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="通信工程">通信工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%8F%8A%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="信息及通信技术">信息及通信技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E5%86%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="冷冻">冷凍</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E8%AA%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="空調">空調</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%A9%9F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="計算機科學">計算機科學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%A9%9F%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="計算機工程">計算機工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E4%BD%93%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="本体工程">本体工程</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AC%E9%AB%94%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="硬體工程(页面不存在)">硬體工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E5%8F%B7%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86" title="信号处理">信号處理</a></li> <li><a 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href="/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E9%9F%B3%E8%AF%86%E5%88%AB" title="语音识别">语音识别</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%95%B8%E6%93%9A" title="大數據">大數據</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BA%E5%9D%97%E9%93%BE" title="区块链">區塊鏈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E7%A2%BC%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="密碼學">密碼學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B2%E7%AB%AF%E9%81%8B%E7%AE%97" title="雲端運算">云计算</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%8A%E7%B7%A3%E9%81%8B%E7%AE%97" title="邊緣運算">邊緣運算</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%B8%83%E5%BC%8F%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97" class="mw-redirect" title="分布式計算">分布式計算</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" title="能源">能源</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="核工程">核工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="核技术">核技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%A8%E8%83%BD%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="储能技术">儲能技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="石油工程">石油工程</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="化学工程">化学工程</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="醫學">醫</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A5%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="藥理學">藥</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%B7%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="護理學">護理</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="化学工程">化学工程</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="化學技術(页面不存在)">化學技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AD%A6" title="化学信息学">化学信息学</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E6%AA%A2%E9%A9%97&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="化學檢驗(页面不存在)">化學檢驗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="生化工程">生化工程</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E5%8C%96%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="生化技術(页面不存在)">生化技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="生物化學">生物化學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="生物工程学">生物工程学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="生物工程学">生物工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="生物技术">生物技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AD%A6" title="生物信息学">生物信息学</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%AA%A2%E9%A9%97&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="生物檢驗(页面不存在)">生物檢驗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E7%99%82%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="醫療衛生科學">醫療衛生科學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="神经科学">神经科学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="纳米医学">纳米医学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="医学">医学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%AF%E5%AD%A6" title="药学">药学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%A4%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="护理学">护理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="基因工程">基因工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="组织工程学">组织工程学</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="物化工程(页面不存在)">物化工程</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="物化技術(页面不存在)">物化技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="物理化学">物理化學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="物理工程學(页面不存在)">物理工程學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="物理技術(页面不存在)">物理技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="材料化学">材料化學</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="農業">農業</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="農業工程">農業工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="食品化學">食品化學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="食品工程">食品工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="食品技术">食品技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E7%94%A2%E9%A4%8A%E6%AE%96" title="水產養殖">水產養殖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%81%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="漁業">水產學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%87%9F%E9%A4%8A%E5%AD%B8" title="營養學">營養學</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="食品微生物學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Food microbiology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="食品微生物學(页面不存在)">食品微生物學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_microbiology" class="extiw" title="en:Food microbiology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Food microbiology</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="遺傳利用限制技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Genetic use restriction technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%BA%E5%82%B3%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8%E9%99%90%E5%88%B6%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="遺傳利用限制技術(页面不存在)">遺傳利用限制技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_use_restriction_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Genetic use restriction technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Genetic use restriction technology</span></a></span>)</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="環境科技">環境科技</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%A0%E8%89%B2%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89" title="綠色建築">綠色建築</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" title="可再生能源">可再生能源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E7%BA%8C%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88" title="永續設計">永續設計</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="环境工程">環境工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="生態工程">生態工程</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="潔淨科技" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Clean technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BD%94%E6%B7%A8%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="潔淨科技(页面不存在)">潔淨科技</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Clean technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Clean technology</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生態技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ecotechnology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="生態技術(页面不存在)">生態技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecotechnology" class="extiw" title="en:Ecotechnology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ecotechnology</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="環境工程科學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Environmental engineering science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="環境工程科學(页面不存在)">環境工程科學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_engineering_science" class="extiw" title="en:Environmental engineering science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Environmental engineering science</span></a></span>)</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="教育科技">教育技術學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="教育科技">教育技術學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%9A%E4%B8%8A%E5%AD%B8%E7%BF%92" title="線上學習">線上學習</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="教育軟體" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Educational software"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="教育軟體(页面不存在)">教育軟體</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_software" class="extiw" title="en:Educational software"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Educational software</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="虛擬校園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Virtual campus"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%99%9B%E6%93%AC%E6%A0%A1%E5%9C%92&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="虛擬校園(页面不存在)">虛擬校園</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_campus" class="extiw" title="en:Virtual campus"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Virtual campus</span></a></span>)</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="應用科學">應用科學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="光学工程">光学工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="光學">光學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B2%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="聲學">聲學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="力學">力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="热学">熱學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%B8" title="電學">電學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81" title="磁">磁學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="電磁學">電磁學</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">材料科学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="纳米技术">纳米技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="微技术">微技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="半導體">半導體物理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="環境科學">環境科學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%83%E5%8F%A4%E5%AD%A6" title="考古学">考古学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B" title="軍事">軍事</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%B8%8E%E8%A3%85%E5%A4%87%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="军事技术与装备列表">軍事技術</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="軍事通信" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Military communications"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="軍事通信(页面不存在)">軍事通信</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_communications" class="extiw" title="en:Military communications"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Military communications</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%88%E8%97%A5" title="彈藥">彈藥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%82%B8%E5%BC%B9" title="炸弹">炸弹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%B0" title="電子作戰">電子作戰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E5%8F%AF%E5%81%B5%E6%B8%AC%E6%80%A7%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" title="低可偵測性技術">低可偵測性技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B5" title="工兵">工兵</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他領域</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8%E4%BA%BA%E5%AD%A6" title="机器人学">機器人學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E6%A2%B0%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%AD%A6" title="机械电子学">機械電子學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="系统工程">系统工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B3%AA%E7%B5%84%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="蛋白質組學">蛋白質組學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="聚合物工程">聚合物工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="系統分類學">系統分類學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="金融科技">金融科技</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%87%E7%9F%BF%E4%B8%9A" title="采矿业">采矿业</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">組件</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A4%8E%E8%A8%AD%E6%96%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="基礎設施">基礎設施</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E6%98%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="發明">發明</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E6%98%8E%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="发明年表">發明年表</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AD%98" class="mw-redirect" title="知識">知識</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%9F%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="機器">機器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E8%83%BD" title="技能">技能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E8%97%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="工藝">工藝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7" title="工具">工具</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%8F%B2" title="技术史">技术史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="史前技术纲要" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of prehistoric technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B2%E5%89%8D%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%BA%B2%E8%A6%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="史前技术纲要(页面不存在)">史前技术</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_prehistoric_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of prehistoric technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of prehistoric technology</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="新石器革命">新石器革命</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="古代技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ancient technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="古代技術(页面不存在)">古代技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Ancient technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ancient technology</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中世紀技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Medieval technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="中世紀技術(页面不存在)">中世紀技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Medieval technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Medieval technology</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="文藝復興技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Renaissance technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E8%97%9D%E5%BE%A9%E8%88%88%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="文藝復興技術(页面不存在)">文藝復興技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Renaissance technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Renaissance technology</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="第一次工业革命">第一次工业革命</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="噴氣時代" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jet Age"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%99%B4%E6%B0%A3%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="噴氣時代(页面不存在)">噴氣時代</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_Age" class="extiw" title="en:Jet Age"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jet Age</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="第二次工业革命">第二次工业革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E5%AD%97%E5%8C%96%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="數字化革命">第三次工業革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="信息时代">信息时代</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E6%AC%A1%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="第四次工業革命">第四次工業革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%AF%E7%B6%B2%E6%B3%A1%E6%B2%AB" title="互聯網泡沫">互聯網泡沫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B4%E5%A3%9E%E6%80%A7%E5%89%B5%E6%96%B0" title="破壞性創新">破壞性創新</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="共享經濟">共享經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BA%A4%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99" title="社交網路服務">社交網路服務</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E9%9B%B6%E5%94%AE" title="新零售">新零售</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O2O" title="O2O">O2O</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">信息技术教育</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%9A%E4%B8%8A%E5%AD%B8%E7%BF%92" title="線上學習">線上學習</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A7%84%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E5%9C%A8%E7%BA%BF%E8%AF%BE%E5%A0%82" title="大规模开放在线课堂">大规模开放在线课堂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E7%A7%91" title="理工科">STEM教育</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="Category:資訊科技教育">Category:資訊科技教育</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="技術理論" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Theories of technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="技術理論(页面不存在)">理論</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theories_of_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Theories of technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Theories of technology</span></a></span>)</span></span><br />和概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="技術倫理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ethics of technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E5%80%AB%E7%90%86&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="技術倫理(页面不存在)">技術倫理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethics_of_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Ethics of technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ethics of technology</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%BB%BA%E6%9E%84" title="技术的社会建构">技术的社会建构</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%BD%A2%E5%A1%91" title="技術的社會形塑">技術的社會形塑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%86%B3%E5%AE%9A%E8%AE%BA" title="技术决定论">技术决定论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%8E%9F%E5%89%87" title="技術中立原則">技術中立原則</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="超人类主义">超人类主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%97%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="技术接受模型">技术接受模型</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%93%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%9F%E6%B2%BB" title="专家统治">专家统治</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%A5%87%E7%82%B9" title="技术奇点">技术奇点</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%88%90%E7%86%9F%E5%BA%A6%E6%9B%B2%E7%BA%BF" title="技术成熟度曲线">技术成熟度曲线</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="技术类别" data-lang-code="d" data-lang-name="維基數據" data-foreign-title="Q112057532"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%B1%BB%E5%88%AB&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="技术类别(页面不存在)">技术类别</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">維基數據所列</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112057532" class="extiw" title="d:Q112057532"><span lang="d" dir="auto">Q112057532</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="軍民兩用技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dual-use technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BB%8D%E6%B0%91%E5%85%A9%E7%94%A8%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="軍民兩用技術(页面不存在)">軍民兩用技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-use_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Dual-use technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dual-use technology</span></a></span>)</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="高科技">高科技</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B4%E5%A3%9E%E6%80%A7%E5%89%B5%E6%96%B0" title="破壞性創新">破壞性創新</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%82%E7%94%A8%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="适用技术">适用技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="通用技术">通用技术</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="关键技术" data-lang-code="de" data-lang-name="德语" data-foreign-title="Schlüsseltechnologie"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%B3%E9%94%AE%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="关键技术(页面不存在)">关键技术</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">(<span class="ilh-lang">德语</span><span class="ilh-colon">:</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schl%C3%BCsseltechnologie" class="extiw" title="de:Schlüsseltechnologie"><span lang="de" dir="auto">Schlüsseltechnologie</span></a></span>)</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%85%B4%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="新兴技术">新兴技术</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%88%88%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="新興技術列表">列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%E8%BE%BE%E8%82%96%E5%A4%AB%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0" title="卡尔达肖夫指数">卡尔达肖夫指数</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="Category:各国科技">Category:各国科技</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="Category:科技公司">Category:科技公司</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%BC%A0%E6%92%AD%E8%80%85" title="技术传播者">技术传播者</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="技术新闻学">技术新闻学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="Category:技术">Category:技术</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="共享资源页面"><img alt="共享资源页面" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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aria-labelledby="-&amp;#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&amp;#125;--&amp;#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&amp;#125;-_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&amp;#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&amp;#125;--&amp;#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&amp;#125;-_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Science des matériaux"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11959440d">法国</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Science des matériaux"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11959440d">BnF data</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Werkstoffkunde"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4079184-1">德国</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007555768505171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Materials science"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85082094">美国</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="材料科学"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01202762">日本</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="nauka o materiálu"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&amp;local_base=aut&amp;ccl_term=ica=ph138392&amp;CON_LNG=ENG">捷克</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="재료 과학&#91;材料科學&#93;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KSH2002036100">韩国</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">学术</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300054496">AAT</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300251959">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esu.com.ua/search_articles.php?id=65994">现代乌克兰百科全书</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐cc877b49b‐fvn9d Cached time: 20241127121044 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.682 seconds Real time usage: 0.868 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2905/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 158638/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2653/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 25/100 Expensive parser function count: 37/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip 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