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Available in 12 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-12" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">12 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="هباكانت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هباكانت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hpakant" title="Hpakant – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Hpakant" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hpakant" title="Hpakant – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hpakant" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="هباكانت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هباكانت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%96%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%80%E1%80%94%E1%80%B7%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ဖားကန့်မြို့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဖားကန့်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hpakant" title="Hpakant – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hpakant" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hpakant" title="Hpakant – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hpakant" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phakant" title="Phakant – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Phakant" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%BD%E1%82%83%E1%81%B5%E1%81%A2%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89%E1%81%8A_%E1%80%9D%E1%80%B5%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ၽႃၵၢၼ်ႉ၊ ဝဵင်း – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ၽႃၵၢၼ်ႉ၊ ဝဵင်း" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99" title="พ่ากั่น – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ่ากั่น" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phakant" title="Phakant – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phakant" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%95%A2" title="帕敢 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="帕敢" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q15226232#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage 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class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Hpakant&params=25_36_46_N_96_18_41_E_region:MM_type:city(312278)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°36′46″N</span> <span class="longitude">96°18′41″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.61278°N 96.31139°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.61278; 96.31139</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Town in Kachin State, Myanmar</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Town in Kachin State, Myanmar</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Hpakant</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Burmese-language text"><span lang="my">ဖားကန့်</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category">Town</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hpakant_City_in_January_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Hpakant_City_in_January_2018.jpg/250px-Hpakant_City_in_January_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="375" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Hpakant_City_in_January_2018.jpg/375px-Hpakant_City_in_January_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Hpakant_City_in_January_2018.jpg/500px-Hpakant_City_in_January_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="6000" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Myanmar_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hpakant is located in Myanmar"><img alt="Hpakant is located in Myanmar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Myanmar_location_map.svg/250px-Myanmar_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="525" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Myanmar_location_map.svg/375px-Myanmar_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Myanmar_location_map.svg/500px-Myanmar_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="2520" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:16.936%;left:43.114%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Hpakant"><img alt="Hpakant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div>Hpakant</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Myanmar (Burma)</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Hpakant&params=25_36_46_N_96_18_41_E_region:MM_type:city(312278)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°36′46″N</span> <span class="longitude">96°18′41″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.61278°N 96.31139°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.61278; 96.31139</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Flag_of_Myanmar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Myanmar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Myanmar" title="Administrative divisions of Myanmar">Division</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Flag_of_Kachin_State.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kachin_State.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Flag_of_Kachin_State.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kachin_State.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Flag_of_Kachin_State.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kachin_State.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2250" data-file-height="1500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kachin_State" title="Kachin State">Kachin State</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Myanmar" title="Districts of Myanmar">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mohnyin_District" title="Mohnyin District">Mohnyin District</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Township</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hpakant_Township" title="Hpakant Township">Hpakant Township</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(<a href="/wiki/2014_Myanmar_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2014 Myanmar Census">2014</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-census-2014_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census-2014-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Town</div></th><td class="infobox-data">312,278</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">60,123</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Rural_area" title="Rural area">Rural</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">252,155</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Religions<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B6.30" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+6.30">UTC+6.30</a> (<a href="/wiki/Myanmar_Standard_Time" title="Myanmar Standard Time">MMT</a>)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Hpakant</b> (<a href="/wiki/Burmese_language" title="Burmese language">Burmese</a>: <span lang="my">ဖားကန့်</span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Burmese pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="my-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Burmese" title="Help:IPA/Burmese">[pʰá<span class="wrap"> </span>ga̰ɰ̃]</a></span>; Shan Language: ၽႃၵၢၼ်ႉ, also <b>Hpakan</b> and <b>Phakant</b>) is a town in <a href="/wiki/Hpakant_Township" title="Hpakant Township">Hpakant Township</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kachin_State" title="Kachin State">Kachin State</a> in the northernmost part of <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a> (Burma). It is located on the <a href="/wiki/Uyu_River" title="Uyu River">Uyu River</a> 350 km north of <a href="/wiki/Mandalay" title="Mandalay">Mandalay</a>. It is famous for its <a href="/wiki/Jade" title="Jade">jade</a> mines which <a href="/wiki/Jade_trade_in_Myanmar" title="Jade trade in Myanmar">produce</a> the world's best quality <a href="/wiki/Jadeite" title="Jadeite">jadeite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rs_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rs-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hpakant&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word Hpakant comes from the <a href="/wiki/Shan_language" title="Shan language">Shan language</a> words for rock fall. Hpakant was first established in 1832 as a village but shortly afterwards the village was destroyed in a <a href="/wiki/Landslide" title="Landslide">landslide</a>. Thereafter, Hpakant was established for the second time in 1836. </p><p>In 2011, fighting broke out between the <a href="/wiki/Kachin_Independence_Army" title="Kachin Independence Army">Kachin Independence Army</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Myanmar_Army" title="Myanmar Army">Myanmar Army</a> in the area around the Hpakant jade mines, <a href="/wiki/Internally_displaced_person" title="Internally displaced person">displacing</a> an estimated 90,000 people by September 2012 and killing hundreds of others.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_economy">Political economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hpakant&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Txu-pclmaps-oclc-22834566_h-10c.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Txu-pclmaps-oclc-22834566_h-10c.jpg/220px-Txu-pclmaps-oclc-22834566_h-10c.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Txu-pclmaps-oclc-22834566_h-10c.jpg/330px-Txu-pclmaps-oclc-22834566_h-10c.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Txu-pclmaps-oclc-22834566_h-10c.jpg/440px-Txu-pclmaps-oclc-22834566_h-10c.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9266" data-file-height="6816" /></a><figcaption>Map including the Hpakant area (<a href="/wiki/Defense_Mapping_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense Mapping Agency">DMA</a>, 1990)</figcaption></figure> <p>Since after the <a href="/wiki/Kachin_Independence_Army" title="Kachin Independence Army">Kachin Independence Army</a> (KIA) came into the area before negotiating a <a href="/wiki/Ceasefire" title="Ceasefire">ceasefire</a> agreement with Burma's military <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Myanmar" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Myanmar">government</a> in the early 1990s, <a href="/wiki/Heroin" title="Heroin">heroin</a> is no longer openly on sale on the streets of Hpakant. Both <a href="/wiki/Substance_dependence" title="Substance dependence">addicts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Drug_dealers" class="mw-redirect" title="Drug dealers">drug dealers</a> were rounded up, taken to the nearby <a href="/wiki/Uyu_River" title="Uyu River">Uru River</a>, shot and their bodies dumped in the river.<sup id="cite_ref-rs_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rs-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Concerns have been expressed regarding the encroachment on and destruction of the <a href="/wiki/Natural_environment" title="Natural environment">environment</a> from <a href="/wiki/Deforestation" title="Deforestation">deforestation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Landslides" class="mw-redirect" title="Landslides">landslides</a> resulting from mining activities and consequent flooding. The Uru River has also been affected by the dumping of soil. There have been instances of locals being forced to leave their homes when upland areas were bulldozed by the big mining companies.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The KIA however lost control of the jade mines once the ceasefire had been arranged, and firms from <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> started to operate in the area after winning concessions from the government.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More recently however the mining contracts went to the well known <a href="/wiki/Bamar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bamar">Burmese</a> <a href="/wiki/Tycoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Tycoon">tycoon</a> <a href="/wiki/Tay_Za" title="Tay Za">Tay Za</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Htoo_Group_of_Companies" title="Htoo Group of Companies">Htoo Group</a> and also to Myanmar Dagaung Co Ltd, a <a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">subsidiary</a> of the Hong Pang Group headed by <a href="/wiki/Wei_Hsueh-kang" title="Wei Hsueh-kang">Wei Hsueh-kang</a>, a former <a href="/wiki/Drug_trafficker" class="mw-redirect" title="Drug trafficker">drug trafficker</a> and leader of the <a href="/wiki/Wa_State" title="Wa State">Wa</a> <a href="/wiki/Insurgency" title="Insurgency">insurgent</a> group <a href="/wiki/United_Wa_State_Army" title="United Wa State Army">UWSA</a> turned entrepreneur after the cease-fire deal.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Maran_Brang_Seng" title="Maran Brang Seng">Maran Brang Seng</a>, former chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Kachin_Independence_Organisation" title="Kachin Independence Organisation">Kachin Independence Organisation</a> (KIO) from 1976 until he died in 1994, was born in Hpakant in 1930.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mining_hazards">Mining hazards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hpakant&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Mining hazards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One thousand miners apparently drowned in 2000 when flood waters of the Uru River rushed into the underground mines, but the news was hushed up by the authorities, according to the locals.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (July 2020)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Hpakant#Event_in_2000" title="Talk:Hpakant">discuss</a></i>]</sup> An explosion at Hpakant Gyi mine on New Year's Eve 2008 killed 2 miners and injured 7. It is owned by another one of the ethnic ceasefire groups, the <a href="/wiki/Pa-O" class="mw-redirect" title="Pa-O">Pa-O</a> National Army (PNA), headed by <a href="/wiki/Aung_Kham_Hti" title="Aung Kham Hti">Aung Kham Hti</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_large_company_Jade_Mine_in_Hpakant_2018_January_.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/A_large_company_Jade_Mine_in_Hpakant_2018_January_.jpg/220px-A_large_company_Jade_Mine_in_Hpakant_2018_January_.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/A_large_company_Jade_Mine_in_Hpakant_2018_January_.jpg/330px-A_large_company_Jade_Mine_in_Hpakant_2018_January_.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/A_large_company_Jade_Mine_in_Hpakant_2018_January_.jpg/440px-A_large_company_Jade_Mine_in_Hpakant_2018_January_.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>A large jade mine in Hpakant.</figcaption></figure> <p>More than 30 (and up to 70) people are believed to have been killed in a massive landslide near Hpakant in early July 2009; official figures are not available.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The flood waters swept away homes, blocked roads and cut communications.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The disaster is being blamed on jade mining, which creates large deposits of debris that block heavy rain from reaching natural rivers and drainage, including the Uru river.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>About 100 jade mining companies operate in the Hpakant area. The Kachin Environmental Organization, based on the Sino-Burmese border, says that people living in the Hpakant area had appealed to the companies not to dump waste near the Uru River and to avoid environmental damage. The companies enjoy government backing, however, and local complaints are regularly ignored.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over 100 people were killed in a landslide in the 22 November <a href="/wiki/2015_Hpakant_jade_mine_disaster" title="2015 Hpakant jade mine disaster">2015 Hpakant jade mine disaster</a>. Most of those killed were people living near the waste heap, who made their living scavenging through waste soil looking for jade remnants. At least 15 jade-seekers in a closed mine were killed and 45 injured by a landslide in July 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Six people were killed in the <a href="/wiki/April_2019_Hpakant_jade_mine_collapse" title="April 2019 Hpakant jade mine collapse">April 2019 Hpakant jade mine collapse</a>. More than 162 people were killed in a landslide in the 2 July <a href="/wiki/2020_Hpakant_jade_mine_disaster" title="2020 Hpakant jade mine disaster">2020 Hpakant jade mine disaster</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2021, <a href="/wiki/2021_Hpakant_jade_mine_disaster" title="2021 Hpakant jade mine disaster">landslide at a jade mine</a> killed 20 and swept up to 100 people into a lake.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 13 August 2023 a landslide killed 32 people in the <a href="/wiki/2023_Hpakant_jade_mine_disaster" title="2023 Hpakant jade mine disaster">2023 Hpakant jade mine disaster</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hpakant&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="Jade_mining_disasters_in_Hpakant,_Myanmar" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hpakant_jade_mining_disasters" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hpakant jade mining disasters"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Jade_mining_disasters_in_Hpakant,_Myanmar" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Jade mining disasters in <a href="/wiki/Hpakant_Township" title="Hpakant Township">Hpakant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Hpakant_jade_mine_disaster" title="2015 Hpakant jade mine disaster">November 2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2019_Hpakant_jade_mine_collapse" title="April 2019 Hpakant jade mine collapse">April 2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_2019_Hpakant_jade_mine_collapse" title="July 2019 Hpakant jade mine collapse">July 2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Hpakant_jade_mine_disaster" title="2020 Hpakant jade mine disaster">July 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Hpakant_jade_mine_disaster" title="2021 Hpakant jade mine disaster">December 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Hpakant_jade_mine_disaster" title="2023 Hpakant jade mine disaster">August 2023</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hpakant&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-census-2014-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-census-2014_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Te+Za+mines+jade+with+sophisticated+equipment+in+Phakant&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kachinnews.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D507%3Ate-za-mines-jade-with-sophisticated-equipment-in-phakant%26catid%3D1%3Alatest-news%26Itemid%3D50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHpakant" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kachinstate.com/history.html">"Kachin's Anti-Government Forces"</a>. Kachinstate.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110612030029/http://www.kachinstate.com/history.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kachin%27s+Anti-Government+Forces&rft.pub=Kachinstate.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kachinstate.com%2Fhistory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHpakant" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kachinnews.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=691:two-miners-killed-seven-injured-on-new-year-eve-explosion-in-hpakant-mine&catid=1:latest-news&Itemid=50">"Two miners killed, seven injured on New Year eve explosion in Hpakant mine"</a>. KachinNews.com, 7 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171221123513/http://www.kachinnews.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=691:two-miners-killed-seven-injured-on-new-year-eve-explosion-in-hpakant-mine&catid=1:latest-news&Itemid=50">Archived</a> from the original on 21 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Two+miners+killed%2C+seven+injured+on+New+Year+eve+explosion+in+Hpakant+mine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kachinnews.com%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D691%3Atwo-miners-killed-seven-injured-on-new-year-eve-explosion-in-hpakant-mine%26catid%3D1%3Alatest-news%26Itemid%3D50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHpakant" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100811204834/http://www.irrawaddy.org/article.php?art_id=16295">"Many Die as Landslide Sweeps through Jade-mining Area"</a>. 11 August 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.irrawaddy.org/article.php?art_id=16295">the original</a> on 11 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Many+Die+as+Landslide+Sweeps+through+Jade-mining+Area&rft.date=2010-08-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.irrawaddy.org%2Farticle.php%3Fart_id%3D16295&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHpakant" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://orf.at/#/stories/2447065/">Viele Tote bei Erdrutsch in stillgelegter Mine in Myanmar</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130420074603/http://orf.at/#/stories/2447065/">Archived</a> 20 April 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> orf.at, 16 July 2018, retrieved 16 July 2018 – German.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-53260834">"Myanmar jade mine landslide kills more than 100"</a>. BBC. 2 July 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200703025311/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-53260834">Archived</a> from the original on 3 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Myanmar+jade+mine+landslide+kills+more+than+100&rft.date=2020-07-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-asia-53260834&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHpakant" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/22/myanmar-dozens-feared-missing-after-landslide-at-jade-mine">"Myanmar: dozens feared missing after landslide at jade mine"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London. 22 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Myanmar%3A+dozens+feared+missing+after+landslide+at+jade+mine&rft.date=2021-12-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2021%2Fdec%2F22%2Fmyanmar-dozens-feared-missing-after-landslide-at-jade-mine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHpakant" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagramo2023" class="citation web cs1">Magramo, Su Chay, Sophie Jeong, Kathleen (16 August 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/2023/08/16/asia/myanmar-jade-mine-landslide-deaths-intl-hnk/index.html">"At least 32 dead after landslide at Myanmar jade mine"</a>. CNN<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=At+least+32+dead+after+landslide+at+Myanmar+jade+mine&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2023-08-16&rft.aulast=Magramo&rft.aufirst=Su+Chay%2C+Sophie+Jeong%2C+Kathleen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2023%2F08%2F16%2Fasia%2Fmyanmar-jade-mine-landslide-deaths-intl-hnk%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHpakant" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hpakant&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maplandia.com/burma/kachin/kamaing/hpakan/">Satellite map</a> <i>Maplandia.com</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100911000528/http://www.geohavens.com/articles.php?article_id=98">Sources of Jadeite Jade</a> <i>Geohavens</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.palagems.com/burma_jade.htm">Burmese Jade: The Inscrutable Gem</a> <i>Palagems.com</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3721/is_200409/ai_n9412465/pg_13">Journal of the Geological Society, Sep 2004</a> Morley, C K</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.seat61.com/Burma.htm#Mandalay%20-%20Myityina">Mandalay-Myitkyina train times</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kachin_State" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kachin_State" title="Template:Kachin State"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kachin_State" title="Template talk:Kachin State"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kachin_State" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kachin State"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kachin_State" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kachin_State" title="Kachin State">Kachin State</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b>Capital</b>: <a href="/wiki/Myitkyina" title="Myitkyina">Myitkyina</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bhamo_District" title="Bhamo District">Bhamo District</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhamo_Township" title="Bhamo Township">Bhamo Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansi_Township" title="Mansi Township">Mansi Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momauk_Township" title="Momauk Township">Momauk Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shwegu_Township" title="Shwegu Township">Shwegu Township</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Kachin_State.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Flag_of_Kachin_State.svg/80px-Flag_of_Kachin_State.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="53" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Flag_of_Kachin_State.svg/120px-Flag_of_Kachin_State.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Flag_of_Kachin_State.svg/160px-Flag_of_Kachin_State.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2250" data-file-height="1500" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Burma_Kachin_locator_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Burma_Kachin_locator_map.png/80px-Burma_Kachin_locator_map.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Burma_Kachin_locator_map.png/120px-Burma_Kachin_locator_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Burma_Kachin_locator_map.png/160px-Burma_Kachin_locator_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="2100" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mohnyin_District" title="Mohnyin District">Mohnyin District</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hpakant_Township" title="Hpakant Township">Hpakant Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mogaung_Township" title="Mogaung Township">Mogaung Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohnyin_Township" title="Mohnyin Township">Mohnyin Township</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Myitkyina_District" title="Myitkyina District">Myitkyina District</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chipwi_Township" title="Chipwi Township">Chipwi Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hsawlaw_Township" title="Hsawlaw Township">Hsawlaw Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injangyang_Township" title="Injangyang Township">Injangyang Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myitkyina_Township" title="Myitkyina Township">Myitkyina Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanai_Township" title="Tanai Township">Tanai Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waingmaw_Township" title="Waingmaw Township">Waingmaw Township</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Putao_District" title="Putao District">Putao District</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kawnglanghpu_Township" title="Kawnglanghpu Township">Kawnglanghpu Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machanbaw_Township" title="Machanbaw Township">Machanbaw Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nogmung_Township" title="Nogmung Township">Nogmung Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putao_Township" title="Putao Township">Putao Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumprabum_Township" title="Sumprabum Township">Sumprabum Township</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main cities and towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhamo" title="Bhamo">Bhamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipwi" title="Chipwi">Chipwi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hsawlaw" title="Hsawlaw">Hsawlaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hsinbo" title="Hsinbo">Hsinbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hopin">Hopin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hpakant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injangyang" title="Injangyang">Injangyang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamaing" title="Kamaing">Kamaing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawnglanghpu" title="Kawnglanghpu">Kawnglanghpu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lweje" title="Lweje">Lweje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machanbaw" title="Machanbaw">Machanbaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansi,_Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Mansi, Burma">Mansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mogaung" title="Mogaung">Mogaung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohnyin" title="Mohnyin">Mohnyin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Momauk" title="Momauk">Momauk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulashidi" title="Mulashidi">Mulashidi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myitkyina" title="Myitkyina">Myitkyina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putao,_Kachin_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Putao, Kachin State">Putao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shwegu" title="Shwegu">Shwegu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumprabum" title="Sumprabum">Sumprabum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanai,_Myanmar" title="Tanai, Myanmar">Tanai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nogmung" title="Nogmung">Nogmung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waingmaw" title="Waingmaw">Waingmaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ywathit,_Kachin_State" title="Ywathit, Kachin State">Ywathit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hpakant&oldid=1258224270">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hpakant&oldid=1258224270</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" 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