CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="ko" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>토라 - 위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )kowikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"ko", "wgMonthNames":["","1월","2월","3월","4월","5월","6월","7월","8월","9월","10월","11월","12월"],"wgRequestId":"d3055269-03d6-4664-b0e5-202619005973","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"토라","wgTitle":"토라","wgCurRevisionId":37914574,"wgRevisionId":37914574,"wgArticleId":108840,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["해결되지 않은 속성이 있는 문서","Harv 및 Sfn에 대상이 없는 오류가 있는 문서","위키데이터 속성 P18을 사용하는 문서","위키데이터 속성 P373을 사용하는 문서","위키데이터 속성 P227을 사용하는 문서","위키데이터 속성 P7314를 사용하는 문서","위키데이터 속성 P7859를 사용하는 문서","위키데이터 속성 P8189를 사용하는 문서","위키데이터 속성 P9984를 사용하는 문서","히브리어 표기를 포함한 문서", "VIAF 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서","CANTICN 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서","GND 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서","J9U 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서","TDVİA 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서","토라","히브리어 낱말","명수 5"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ko","wgPageContentLanguage":"ko","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"토라","wgRelevantArticleId":108840,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ko","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ko"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[], "wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q34990","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.SectionFont":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage" :"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.directcommons","ext.gadget.edittools","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.siteNotice","ext.gadget.scrollUpButton","ext.gadget.strikethroughTOC","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.Calculator","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ko&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ko&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ko&modules=ext.gadget.SectionFont&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ko&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Tora_JMW.jpg/1200px-Tora_JMW.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="819"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Tora_JMW.jpg/800px-Tora_JMW.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="546"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Tora_JMW.jpg/640px-Tora_JMW.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="437"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="토라 - 위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ko.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="편집" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="위키백과 (ko)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ko.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ko"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="위키백과 아톰 피드" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B5%9C%EA%B7%BC%EB%B0%94%EB%80%9C&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-토라 rootpage-토라 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">본문으로 이동</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="주 메뉴" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">주 메뉴</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">주 메뉴</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 둘러보기 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EB%8C%80%EB%AC%B8" title="대문으로 가기 [z]" accesskey="z"><span>대문</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B5%9C%EA%B7%BC%EB%B0%94%EB%80%9C" title="위키의 최근 바뀐 목록 [r]" accesskey="r"><span>최근 바뀜</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%ED%84%B8:%EC%9A%94%EC%A6%98_%ED%99%94%EC%A0%9C" title="최근의 소식 알아 보기"><span>요즘 화제</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%9E%84%EC%9D%98%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="무작위로 선택된 문서 불러오기 [x]" accesskey="x"><span>임의의 문서로</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-사용자_모임" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-사용자_모임" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 사용자 모임 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-projectchat" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%82%AC%EB%9E%91%EB%B0%A9"><span>사랑방</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90_%EB%AA%A8%EC%9E%84" title="위키백과 참여자를 위한 토론/대화 공간입니다."><span>사용자 모임</span></a></li><li id="n-request" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%9A%94%EC%B2%AD"><span>관리 요청</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-편집_안내" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-편집_안내" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 편집 안내 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-helpintro" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C"><span>소개</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90" title="도움말"><span>도움말</span></a></li><li id="n-policy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%A0%95%EC%B1%85%EA%B3%BC_%EC%A7%80%EC%B9%A8"><span>정책과 지침</span></a></li><li id="n-qna" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%A7%88%EB%AC%B8%EB%B0%A9"><span>질문방</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EB%8C%80%EB%AC%B8" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="위키백과" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ko.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.75em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ko.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B2%80%EC%83%89" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="위키백과 검색 [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>검색</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="위키백과 검색" aria-label="위키백과 검색" autocapitalize="sentences" title="위키백과 검색 [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="특수:검색"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">검색</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="개인 도구"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="보이기"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="문서의 글꼴 크기, 폭, 색의 모습을 변경합니다" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="보이기" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">보이기</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko" class=""><span>기부</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다" class=""><span>계정 만들기</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>로그인</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="더 많은 옵션" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="개인 도구" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">개인 도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="사용자 메뉴" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko"><span>기부</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>계정 만들기</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-연구" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#연구"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>연구</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-연구-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>연구 하위섹션 토글하기</span> </button> <ul id="toc-연구-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-모세_친저성에_대한_의심" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#모세_친저성에_대한_의심"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>모세 친저성에 대한 의심</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-모세_친저성에_대한_의심-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-연구사" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#연구사"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>연구사</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-연구사-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-토라_본문의_복합성에_대한_증거들" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#토라_본문의_복합성에_대한_증거들"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>토라 본문의 복합성에 대한 증거들</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-토라_본문의_복합성에_대한_증거들-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-내적_증거들" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#내적_증거들"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2.1</span> <span>내적 증거들</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-내적_증거들-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-외적_증거들" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#외적_증거들"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2.2</span> <span>외적 증거들</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-외적_증거들-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-율법서" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#율법서"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>율법서</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-율법서-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-모세오경과의_구분" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#모세오경과의_구분"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>모세오경과의 구분</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-모세오경과의_구분-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-같이_보기" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#같이_보기"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>같이 보기</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-같이_보기-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-주해" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#주해"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>주해</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-주해-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-각주" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#각주"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>각주</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-각주-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-참고_문헌" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#참고_문헌"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>참고 문헌</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-참고_문헌-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">토라</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 123개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-123" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">123개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 아프리칸스어" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="아프리칸스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 독일어(스위스)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="독일어(스위스)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A6%E1%88%AA%E1%89%B5" title="ኦሪት – 암하라어" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኦሪት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="암하라어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – 아라곤어" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="아라곤어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE" title="तोरा – 앙가어" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="तोरा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="앙가어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A9" title="التوراة – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="التوراة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%98%DC%AA%DC%9D%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܐܘܪܝܬܐ – 아람어" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܘܪܝܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="아람어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87" title="التوراه – 이집트 아랍어" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="التوراه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="이집트 아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%93%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4" title="তাওৰাত – 아삼어" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="তাওৰাত" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="아삼어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor%C3%A1" title="Torá – 아스투리아어" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Torá" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="아스투리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6vrat" title="Tövrat – 아제르바이잔어" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tövrat" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="아제르바이잔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="تورات – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="تورات" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Тора – 벨라루스어" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тора" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="벨라루스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Тора – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Тора" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torat" title="Torat – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Torat" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Тора – 불가리아어" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тора" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="불가리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9" title="তোরাহ – 벵골어" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তোরাহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="벵골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – 브르타뉴어" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="브르타뉴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 보스니아어" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="보스니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor%C3%A0_(llei_jueva)" title="Torà (llei jueva) – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Torà (llei jueva)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Товрат – 체첸어" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Товрат" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="체첸어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 세부아노어" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="세부아노어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="تەورات – 소라니 쿠르드어" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تەورات" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="소라니 쿠르드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B3ra" title="Tóra – 체코어" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tóra" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="체코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 웨일스어" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="웨일스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 덴마크어" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="덴마크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tewrate" title="Tewrate – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Tewrate" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC" title="Τορά – 그리스어" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τορά" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="그리스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C4%9Do_de_Moseo" title="Leĝo de Moseo – 에스페란토어" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Leĝo de Moseo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="에스페란토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor%C3%A1" title="Torá – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Torá" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toora" title="Toora – 에스토니아어" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Toora" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="에스토니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 바스크어" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="바스크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor%C3%A1" title="Torá – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Torá" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="تورات – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تورات" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toora" title="Toora – 핀란드어" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Toora" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="핀란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toora" title="Toora – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Toora" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 페로어" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="페로어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – 프리울리어" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="프리울리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – 서부 프리지아어" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="서부 프리지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Torah" title="An Torah – 아일랜드어" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Torah" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="아일랜드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanakh" title="Tanakh – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Tanakh" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 갈리시아어" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="갈리시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8C%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A4" title="તૌરાત – 구자라트어" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="તૌરાત" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="구자라트어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94" title="תורה – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תורה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4" title="तौरात – 힌디어" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तौरात" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="힌디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 크로아티아어" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B3ra" title="Tóra – 헝가리어" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tóra" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="헝가리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A1" title="Թորա – 아르메니아어" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թորա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="아르메니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – 인터링구아" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="인터링구아" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taurat" title="Taurat – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Taurat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – 아이슬란드어" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="아이슬란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C5%8Dr%C4%81h" title="Tōrāh – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tōrāh" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC" title="トーラー – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トーラー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor%C3%A8t" title="Torèt – 자바어" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Torèt" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="자바어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="თორა – 조지아어" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="თორა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="조지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tawrat" title="Tawrat – 커바일어" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tawrat" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="커바일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%99%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Тәурат – 카자흐어" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тәурат" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="카자흐어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="تورات – 카슈미르어" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="تورات" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="카슈미르어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tewrat" title="Tewrat – 쿠르드어" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Tewrat" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="쿠르드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thora" title="Thora – 라틴어" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Thora" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="라틴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor%C3%A1" title="Torá – 라디노어" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Torá" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="라디노어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 룩셈부르크어" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="룩셈부르크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Таврат – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Таврат" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 링구아 프랑카 노바" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="링구아 프랑카 노바" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kabbalah" title="Kabbalah – 라오어" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="Kabbalah" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="라오어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 리투아니아어" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="리투아니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 라트비아어" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="라트비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – 말라가시어" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="말라가시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taurat" title="Taurat – 미낭카바우어" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Taurat" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="미낭카바우어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9" title="तोराह – 마라티어" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तोराह" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="마라티어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taurat_(Tanakh)" title="Taurat (Tanakh) – 말레이어" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Taurat (Tanakh)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="말레이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="تورات – 마잔데라니어" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="تورات" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="마잔데라니어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9" title="तोराह – 네와르어" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="तोराह" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="네와르어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thora" title="Thora – 네덜란드어" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Thora" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="네덜란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor%C3%A1" title="Torá – 노르웨이어(니노르스크)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Torá" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(니노르스크)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – 오크어" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="오크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8C%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE" title="ਤੌਰਾ – 펀잡어" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤੌਰਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="펀잡어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 폴란드어" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="폴란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="توریت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="توریت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="تورات – 파슈토어" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="تورات" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="파슈토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tor%C3%A1" title="Torá – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Torá" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 로만시어" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="로만시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 루마니아어" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="루마니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Тора – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тора" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Тора – 야쿠트어" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Тора" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="야쿠트어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – 시칠리아어" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="시칠리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – 스코틀랜드어" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="스코틀랜드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="توريت – 신디어" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="توريت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="신디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 세르비아-크로아티아어" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="세르비아-크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B3ra" title="Tóra – 슬로바키아어" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Tóra" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="슬로바키아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tora" title="Tora – 슬로베니아어" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tora" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="슬로베니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toraa" title="Toraa – 쇼나어" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Toraa" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="쇼나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Towraad" title="Towraad – 소말리아어" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Towraad" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="소말리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teurati" title="Teurati – 알바니아어" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Teurati" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="알바니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Тора – 세르비아어" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тора" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="세르비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fieuw_Bouke_Mose" title="Fieuw Bouke Mose – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Fieuw Bouke Mose" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – 스웨덴어" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="스웨덴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torati" title="Torati – 스와힐리어" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Torati" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="스와힐리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE" title="தோரா – 타밀어" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தோரா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="타밀어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8B%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B9%E0%B1%8D" title="తోరాహ్ – 텔루구어" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="తోరాహ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="텔루구어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Таврот – 타지크어" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Таврот" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="타지크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C" title="โทราห์ – 태국어" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="โทราห์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="태국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B6wrat" title="Töwrat – 투르크멘어" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Töwrat" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="투르크멘어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – 타갈로그어" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="타갈로그어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tevrat" title="Tevrat – 터키어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tevrat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="터키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Тора – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тора" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="تورات – 우르두어" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تورات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="우르두어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tavrot" title="Tavrot – 우즈베크어" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Tavrot" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="우즈베크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – 베트남어" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="베트남어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah" title="Torah – 와라이어" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Torah" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="와라이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A6%A5%E6%8B%89" title="妥拉 – 우어" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="妥拉" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="우어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="თორა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="თორა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94" title="תורה – 이디시어" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="תורה" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="이디시어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A6%A5%E6%8B%89" title="妥拉 – 중국어" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="妥拉" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="중국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A6%A5%E6%8B%89" title="妥拉 – 광둥어" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="妥拉" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="광둥어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q34990#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="언어 간 링크 편집" class="wbc-editpage">링크 편집</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="이름공간"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC" title="본문 보기 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>문서</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC" rel="discussion" title="문서의 내용에 대한 토론 문서 [t]" accesskey="t"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="언어 변종 바꾸기" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">한국어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="보기"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC"><span>읽기</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit" title="이 문서의 원본 코드를 편집 [e]" accesskey="e"><span>편집</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=history" title="이 문서의 과거 편집 내역입니다. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>역사 보기</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="페이지 도구"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="도구" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">도구</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="더 많은 옵션" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 동작 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC"><span>읽기</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit" title="이 문서의 원본 코드를 편집 [e]" accesskey="e"><span>편집</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=history"><span>역사 보기</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 일반 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B0%80%EB%A6%AC%ED%82%A4%EB%8A%94%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C/%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC" title="여기를 가리키는 모든 위키 문서의 목록 [j]" accesskey="j"><span>여기를 가리키는 문서</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A7%81%ED%81%AC%EC%B5%9C%EA%B7%BC%EB%B0%94%EB%80%9C/%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC" rel="nofollow" title="이 문서에서 링크한 문서의 최근 바뀜 [k]" accesskey="k"><span>가리키는 글의 최근 바뀜</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/위키백과:파일_올리기" title="파일 올리기 [u]" accesskey="u"><span>파일 올리기</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="모든 특수 문서의 목록 [q]" accesskey="q"><span>특수 문서 목록</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&oldid=37914574" title="이 문서의 이 판에 대한 고유 링크"><span>고유 링크</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=info" title="이 문서에 대한 자세한 정보"><span>문서 정보</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%9D%B4%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%EC%9D%B8%EC%9A%A9&page=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&id=37914574&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="이 문서를 인용하는 방법에 대한 정보"><span>이 문서 인용하기</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fko.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25ED%2586%25A0%25EB%259D%25BC"><span>축약된 URL 얻기</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fko.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25ED%2586%25A0%25EB%259D%25BC"><span>QR 코드 다운로드</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 인쇄/내보내기 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC"><span>책 만들기</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:DownloadAsPdf&page=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF로 다운로드</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&printable=yes" title="이 문서의 인쇄용 판 [p]" accesskey="p"><span>인쇄용 판</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 다른 프로젝트 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Torah" hreflang="en"><span>위키미디어 공용</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q34990" title="데이터 저장소에 연결된 항목을 가리키는 링크 [g]" accesskey="g"><span>위키데이터 항목</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="페이지 도구"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="보이기"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">보이기</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ko" dir="ltr"><p><span class="nowrap"></span> </p> <div class="dablink hatnote"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EB%8F%99%EC%9D%8C%EC%9D%B4%EC%9D%98%EC%96%B4_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="위키백과:동음이의어 문서"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/23px-Disambig_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/35px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Disambig_grey.svg/46px-Disambig_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> 다른 뜻에 대해서는 <a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC_(%EB%8F%99%EC%9D%8C%EC%9D%B4%EC%9D%98)" class="mw-disambig" title="토라 (동음이의)">토라 (동음이의)</a> 문서를 참고하십시오.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480591">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li:after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li:after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li:after{content:", ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-slash dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-slash li:after{content:" / ";font-weight:normal}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311371">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:#f8f9fa;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:720px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist" style="width:250px;border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="font-size:175%;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90" title="유대교"><span style="color:#0000FF">유대교</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Menorah_blue.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Menorah_blue.svg/100px-Menorah_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Menorah_blue.svg/150px-Menorah_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Menorah_blue.svg/200px-Menorah_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="393" data-file-height="356" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EC%9D%B8" title="유대인">유대인</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90%EC%9D%98_%EA%B8%B0%EC%9B%90" title="유대교의 기원">유대교</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90_%EC%A2%85%ED%8C%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="유대교 종파 (없는 문서)">종파</a></span></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%ED%86%B5%ED%8C%8C_%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90" title="정통파 유대교">정통파</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%EC%88%98%ED%8C%8C_%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90" title="보수파 유대교">보수파</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%9C%ED%98%81%ED%8C%8C_%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90" title="개혁파 유대교">개혁파</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%A0%88%EB%94%94%ED%8C%8C" title="하레디파">하레디파</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%95%98%EC%8B%9C%EB%94%94%ED%8C%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="하시디파 (없는 문서)">하시디파</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%98%84%EB%8C%80_%EC%A0%84%ED%86%B5%ED%8C%8C_%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="현대 전통파 유대교 (없는 문서)">현대 전통파</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9E%AC%EA%B1%B4%ED%8C%8C_%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="재건파 유대교 (없는 문서)">재건파</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90_%EA%B0%B1%EC%8B%A0_%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="유대교 갱신 운동 (없는 문서)">갱신 운동</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%9E%8D%EB%B9%84_%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90" title="랍비 유대교">랍비 유대교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84%EB%8B%89_%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90" class="mw-redirect" title="메시아닉 유대교">메시아닉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%ED%85%8C_%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90" class="mw-redirect" title="카라이테 유대교">카라이테</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EA%B5%90" title="사마리아교">사마리아교</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90_%EC%B2%A0%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="유대교 철학">유대교 철학</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90_%EA%B5%90%EB%A6%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="유대교 교리 (없는 문서)">유대교 교리</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%AF%B8%EB%83%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="미냔 (없는 문서)">미냔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%B0%9C%EB%9D%BC" title="카발라">카발라</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%85%B8%EC%95%84%EC%9D%98_%EC%9D%BC%EA%B3%B1_%EA%B3%84%EB%AA%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="노아의 일곱 계명 (없는 문서)">노아의 율법</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90_%EC%8B%A0%EC%9D%98_%EB%AA%85%EC%B9%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="유대교 신의 명칭 (없는 문서)">신</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90_%EC%A2%85%EB%A7%90%EB%A1%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="유대교 종말론 (없는 문서)">종말론</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90%EC%9D%98_%EB%A9%94%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84_%EC%82%AC%EC%83%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="유대교의 메시아 사상 (없는 문서)">메시아</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EC%9D%B8%EC%9D%98_%EC%84%A0%EB%AF%BC%EC%82%AC%EC%83%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="유대인의 선민사상 (없는 문서)">선민사상</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%99%80%EB%A1%9C%EC%BD%94%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%EC%8B%A0%ED%95%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="홀로코스트 신학 (없는 문서)">홀로코스트 신학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%A0%EB%9D%BC%EC%B9%B4" title="할라카">할라카</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EC%8A%88%EB%A3%A8%ED%8A%B8" title="카슈루트">카슈루트</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%B2%B4%EB%8B%A4%EC%B9%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="체다카 (없는 문서)">체다카</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90_%EC%9C%A4%EB%A6%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="유대교 윤리 (없는 문서)">윤리</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%AC%B4%EC%82%AC%EB%A5%B4_%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="무사르 운동 (없는 문서)">무사르</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90_%EA%B2%BD%EC%A0%84" title="분류:유대교 경전">경전</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">토라</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%83%80%EB%82%98%ED%81%AC" title="타나크">타나크</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%83%88%EB%AC%B4%EB%93%9C" title="탈무드">탈무드</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EB%93%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%8A%88" class="mw-redirect" title="미드라슈">미드라슈</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EC%84%B8%ED%94%84%ED%83%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="토세프타 (없는 문서)">토세프타</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%9E%8D%EB%B9%84_%EB%AC%B8%ED%95%99" title="랍비 문학">랍비 문학</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%BF%A0%EC%9E%90%EB%A6%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="쿠자리 (없는 문서)">쿠자리</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%AF%B8%EC%8A%88%EB%84%A4_%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="미슈네 토라 (없는 문서)">미슈네 토라</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4%EB%B0%94_%ED%88%AC%EB%A6%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="아르바 투림 (없는 문서)">투르</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%88%A0%ED%95%9C_%EC%95%84%EB%A3%A8%ED%81%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="술한 아루크 (없는 문서)">술한 아루크</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%AF%B8%EC%8A%88%EB%82%98_%EB%B2%A0%EB%A3%A8%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="미슈나 베루라 (없는 문서)">미슈나 베루라</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%B6%94%EB%A7%88%EC%8B%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="추마시 (없는 문서)">추마시</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%8B%9C%EB%91%90%EB%A5%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="시두르 (없는 문서)">시두르</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%94%BC%EC%9C%A0%ED%8A%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="피유트 (없는 문서)">피유트</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4" title="조하르">조하르</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%83%80%EB%83%90" class="mw-disambig" title="타냐">타냐</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">성지</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EB%A3%A8%EC%82%B4%EB%A0%98" title="예루살렘">예루살렘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%ED%8C%8C%ED%8A%B8" title="제파트">제파트</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A4%EB%B8%8C%EB%A1%A0" title="헤브론">헤브론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%B0%EB%B2%A0%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EC%8A%A4" title="티베리아스">티베리아스</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">성경 중요 인물</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%ED%95%A8" title="아브라함">아브라함</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%95%85" title="이사악">이사악</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%BC%EA%B3%B1" title="야곱">야곱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%9D%BC" title="사라">사라</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EB%B2%A0%EC%B9%B4" class="mw-disambig" title="레베카">레베카</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%ED%97%AC" title="라헬">라헬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%95%84_(%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD_%EC%9D%B8%EB%AC%BC)" title="레아 (성경 인물)">레아</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%84%B8" title="모세">모세</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AC%ED%98%B8%EC%88%98%EC%95%84" title="여호수아">여호수아</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%93%9C%EB%B3%B4%EB%9D%BC" title="드보라">드보라</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%90%EA%B4%80%EA%B8%B0" title="판관기">판관들</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%AC%B4%EC%97%98" title="사무엘">사무엘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%BB%EA%B8%B0" title="룻기">룻</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EC%9C%97" title="다윗">다윗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%86%94%EB%A1%9C%EB%AA%AC" title="솔로몬">솔로몬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%98%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%BC" title="엘리야">엘리야</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%96%B8%EC%9E%90" title="예언자">예언자들</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">비성경 중요 인물</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%9E%90%EB%A0%90" class="mw-disambig" title="힐렐">힐렐</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%83%B4%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="샴마이 (없는 문서)">샴마이</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9C%A0%EB%8B%A4_%ED%95%98_%EB%82%98%EC%8B%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="유다 하 나시 (없는 문서)">유다 하 나시</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%82%AC%EB%94%94%EC%95%84_%EA%B0%80%EC%98%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="사디아 가온 (없는 문서)">사디아 가온</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EC%8B%9C_(%EB%9E%8D%EB%B9%84)" title="라시 (랍비)">라시</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9D%B4%EC%82%AD_%EC%95%8C%ED%8C%8C%EC%8B%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="이삭 알파시 (없는 문서)">이삭 알파시</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%95%84%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%ED%95%A8_%EC%9D%B4%EB%B8%90_%EC%97%90%EC%A6%88%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="아브라함 이븐 에즈라 (없는 문서)">이븐 에즈라</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EC%82%AC%ED%94%BC%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="토사피스트 (없는 문서)">토사피스트</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%AA%A8%EB%8B%88%EB%8D%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="마이모니데스">마이모니데스</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%82%98%ED%9D%90%EB%A7%88%EB%8B%88%EB%8D%B0%EC%8A%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="나흐마니데스 (없는 문서)">람반</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B2%8C%EB%A5%B4%EC%86%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="게르솜 (없는 문서)">게르솜</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9A%94%EC%84%B8%ED%94%84_%EC%95%8C%EB%B3%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="요세프 알보 (없는 문서)">요세프 알보</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9A%94%EC%84%B8%ED%94%84_%EC%B9%B4%EB%A1%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="요세프 카로 (없는 문서)">요세프 카로</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%95%84%EC%85%B0%EB%A5%B4_%EB%B2%A4_%EC%98%88%ED%9E%88%EC%97%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="아셰르 벤 예히엘 (없는 문서)">아셰르 벤 예히엘</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B0%94%EC%95%8C_%EC%86%80_%ED%86%A0%ED%94%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="바알 솀 토프 (없는 문서)">바알 솀 토프</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%8A%88%EB%84%A4%EC%9A%B0%EB%A5%B4_%EC%9E%98%EB%A7%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="슈네우르 잘만 (없는 문서)">슈네우르 잘만</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B9%8C%EB%82%98_%EA%B0%80%EC%98%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="빌나 가온 (없는 문서)">빌나 가온</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%B6%98%EC%B8%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="춘츠 (없는 문서)">춘츠</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4%EB%9D%BC%EC%97%98_%EC%95%BC%EA%B3%B1%EC%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="이스라엘 야곱슨 (없는 문서)">이스라엘 야곱슨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EC%9D%B4%EA%B1%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="가이거">가이거</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%98%A4%EB%B0%94%EB%94%94%EC%95%84_%EC%9A%94%EC%84%B8%ED%94%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="오바디아 요세프 (없는 문서)">오바디아 요세프</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%AA%A8%EC%85%B0_%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%B8%EC%8A%88%ED%83%80%EC%9D%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="모셰 파인슈타인 (없는 문서)">모셰 파인슈타인</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%97%98%EB%9D%BC%EC%9E%90%EB%A5%B4_%EC%83%A4%ED%9D%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="엘라자르 샤흐 (없는 문서)">엘라자르 샤흐</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A9%94%EB%82%98%EC%BC%90_%EC%8A%A4%EB%8B%88%EC%96%B4%EC%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="메나켐 스니어슨 (없는 문서)">루바비커 랍비</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">규율</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%9E%8D%EB%B9%84" title="랍비">랍비</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EB%B2%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="레베">레베</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%95%98%EC%9E%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="하잔 (없는 문서)">하잔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%BD%94%ED%97%A8" title="코헨">코헨</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A7%88%EC%89%AC%EA%B8%B0%EC%95%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="마쉬기악 (없는 문서)">마쉬기악</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B0%80%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="가바이 (없는 문서)">가바이</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A7%88%EA%B0%80%EB%94%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="마가딤 (없는 문서)">마가딤</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%AA%A8%ED%97%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="모헬 (없는 문서)">모헬</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%B2%A0%ED%8A%B8_%EB%94%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="베트 딘 (없는 문서)">베트 딘</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A1%9C%EC%8B%9C_%EC%98%88%EC%8B%9C%EB%B0%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="로시 예시바 (없는 문서)">로시 예시바</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">종교건축</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%82%98%EA%B3%A0%EA%B7%B8" title="시나고그">시나고그</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%ED%81%AC%EB%B0%94" title="미크바">미크바</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EB%A3%A8%EC%82%B4%EB%A0%98_%EC%84%B1%EC%A0%84" title="예루살렘 성전">성전</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EB%A7%89" title="성막">성막</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">종교물품</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%83%88%EB%A6%AC%ED%8A%B8" title="탈리트">탈리트</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%85%8C%ED%95%84%EB%A6%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="테필린 (없는 문서)">테필린</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%95%BC%EB%AC%BC%EC%BB%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="야물커 (없는 문서)">야물커</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%84%B8%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4_%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="세페르 토라 (없는 문서)">세페르 토라</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%98%EC%B9%98%ED%8A%B8" title="치치트">치치트</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EC%9D%B4%EC%A6%88%EC%9E%90" title="메이즈자">메이즈자</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EB%85%B8%EB%9D%BC" title="메노라">메노라</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%87%BC%ED%8D%BC_(%EB%8F%84%EA%B5%AC)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="쇼퍼 (도구) (없는 문서)">쇼퍼</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%84%A4_%EA%B0%80%EC%A7%80_%EC%8B%9D%EB%AC%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="네 가지 식물 (없는 문서)">네 가지 식물</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%82%A4%ED%85%94" class="mw-disambig" title="키텔">키텔</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EA%B0%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%85%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="가르텔 (없는 문서)">가르텔</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">의식</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90_%EC%9D%98%EC%8B%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="유대교 의식 (없는 문서)">유대교 의식</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%85%B0%EB%A7%88_%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4%EB%9D%BC%EC%97%98" title="셰마 이스라엘">셰마</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%AF%B8%EB%8B%A4" class="mw-disambig" title="아미다">아미다</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%88%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="알레이누 (없는 문서)">알레이누</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%BD%9C_%EB%8B%88%EB%93%9C%EB%A0%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="콜 니드레 (없는 문서)">콜 니드레</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%B9%B4%EB%94%94%EC%8B%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="카디시 (없는 문서)">카디시</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%A0%EB%A0%90" title="할렐">할렐</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A7%88_%ED%86%A0%EB%B8%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="마 토브 (없는 문서)">마 토브</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%95%98%EB%B8%8C%EB%8B%AC%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="하브달라 (없는 문서)">하브달라</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%BD%94%EB%A5%B4%EB%B0%98_%EC%98%AC%EB%9D%BC" title="코르반 올라">코르반 올라</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">관련 항목</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90_%EB%B9%84%ED%8C%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="유대교 비판 (없는 문서)">유대교 비판</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="반유대주의">반유대주의</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%B9%9C%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="친유대주의 (없는 문서)">친유대주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%8B%9C%EB%B0%94" title="예시바">예시바</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90%EC%9D%98_%EA%B8%B0%EC%9B%90" title="유대교의 기원">유대교의 기원</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%BC%ED%9B%BC%EA%B5%90" title="야훼교">야훼교</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="유대교의 역사 (없는 문서)">유대교의 역사</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%9B%94%EC%A0%88" title="유월절">유월절</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r34311309">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90" title="틀:유대교"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="틀토론:유대교 (없는 문서)"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90" title="특수:문서편집/틀:유대교"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Tora_JMW.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Tora_JMW.jpg/240px-Tora_JMW.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Tora_JMW.jpg/360px-Tora_JMW.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Tora_JMW.jpg/480px-Tora_JMW.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1473" data-file-height="1005" /></a><figcaption><span style="font-size: 9pt">1830년쯤 독일에서 발견된 토라</span></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311371"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist" style="width:250px"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="border: 1px solid #ccc; background: #DCDCDC;"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" title="기독교"><span style="color:#000000">기독교</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Christian_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/70px-Christian_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/105px-Christian_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/140px-Christian_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="564" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border: 1px solid #ccc; background: #DCDCDC;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%88%98" title="예수">예수</a> <a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%EB%8F%84" title="그리스도">그리스도</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%98%EB%85%80_%EC%9E%89%ED%83%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="처녀 잉태">탄생</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%88%98%EC%9D%98_%EC%8B%AD%EC%9E%90%EA%B0%80%ED%98%95" title="예수의 십자가형">죽음</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%88%98%EC%9D%98_%EB%B6%80%ED%99%9C" title="예수의 부활">부활</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%88%98%EC%9D%98_%EC%8A%B9%EC%B2%9C" title="예수의 승천">승천</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC%EC%A0%81_%EC%98%88%EC%88%98" title="역사적 예수">역사적 예수</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border: 1px solid #ccc; background: #DCDCDC;">기초</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="교회">교회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EC%95%BD%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD" title="신약성경">신약성경</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%8F%84" title="사도">사도</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%8A%90%EB%8B%98%EC%9D%98_%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="하느님의 나라">천국</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%9D%8C" title="복음">복음</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EC%97%B0%ED%91%9C" title="기독교 연표">연표</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%93%9C%EB%A1%9C" title="베드로">베드로</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9A%B8%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="파울로스">바울로</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border: 1px solid #ccc; background: #DCDCDC;">경전</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%95%BD%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD" title="구약성경">구약성경</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EC%95%BD%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD" title="신약성경">신약성경</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD_%EB%AA%A9%EB%A1%9D" title="성경 목록">성경 목록</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EA%B2%BD" class="mw-disambig" title="정경">정경</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%99%B8%EA%B2%BD" title="외경">외경</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EA%B2%BD#다양한_기독교의_정경" class="mw-disambig" title="정경">다양한 기독교의 정경</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border: 1px solid #ccc; background: #DCDCDC;"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EC%8B%A0%ED%95%99" title="기독교 신학">기독교 신학</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%9B%90" title="구원">구원</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EB%A1%80" title="세례">세례</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EC%B0%AC" title="성찬">성찬·성체성사</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%BC%EC%9C%84%EC%9D%BC%EC%B2%B4" title="삼위일체">삼위일체</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EB%B6%80" title="성부">성부</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EC%9E%90_(%EC%82%BC%EC%9C%84%EC%9D%BC%EC%B2%B4)" title="성자 (삼위일체)">성자</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EB%A0%B9" title="성령">성령</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%ED%8E%B8%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" class="mw-redirect" title="보편교회주의">보편교회주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%88%EA%B0%80%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="로마가톨릭">로마가톨릭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="기독론">기독론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C%EB%A1%A0" title="교회론">교회론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%EA%B0%84%EB%A1%A0" title="인간론">인간론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EC%9C%A4%EB%A6%AC" title="기독교 윤리">기독교 윤리</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84_(%EC%98%88%EC%88%98%EC%9D%98_%EC%96%B4%EB%A8%B8%EB%8B%88)" title="마리아 (예수의 어머니)">마리아론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EB%B3%80%EC%A6%9D%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="기독교 변증론">변증론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EC%A2%85%EB%A7%90%EB%A1%A0" title="기독교 종말론">종말론</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border: 1px solid #ccc; background: #DCDCDC;"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC" title="기독교의 역사">기독교의 역사</a>와 <a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EC%A0%84_(%EC%8B%A0%ED%95%99)" title="성전 (신학)">전통</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EA%B8%B0_%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" title="초기 기독교">초대교회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%BD%98%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%84%ED%8B%B0%EB%88%84%EC%8A%A4_1%EC%84%B8" title="콘스탄티누스 1세">콘스탄티누스</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EC%9D%98%ED%9A%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="공의회">공의회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%8F%84%EC%8B%A0%EA%B2%BD" title="사도신경">사도신경</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EC%A0%84_(%EC%8B%A0%ED%95%99)" title="성전 (신학)">성전</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%9D%8C_%EC%A0%84%EB%8F%84" title="복음 전도">전도</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EC%84%9C_%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C%EC%9D%98_%EB%B6%84%EC%97%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="동서 교회의 분열">동서 교회의 분열</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%AD%EC%9E%90%EA%B5%B0" title="십자군">십자군</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A2%85%EA%B5%90_%EA%B0%9C%ED%98%81" title="종교 개혁">종교 개혁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EC%A2%85%EA%B5%90_%EA%B0%9C%ED%98%81" class="mw-redirect" title="반종교 개혁">반종교 개혁</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border: 1px solid #ccc; background: #DCDCDC;"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90%EC%9D%98_%EA%B5%90%ED%8C%8C" title="기독교의 교파">교파</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AD%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="가톨릭교회">가톨릭교회</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%88_%EA%B0%80%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AD%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="로마 가톨릭교회">로마 가톨릭교회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EB%B0%A9_%EA%B0%80%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AD%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="동방 가톨릭교회">동방 가톨릭교회</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="정교회">정교회</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EB%B0%A9_%EC%A0%95%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="동방 정교회">동방 정교회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%94%ED%8A%B8_%EC%A0%95%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="오리엔트 정교회">오리엔트 정교회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%8B%9C%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84_%EB%8F%99%EB%B0%A9%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="아시리아 동방교회">아시리아 동방교회</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%9C%EC%8B%A0%EA%B5%90" title="개신교">개신교</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EA%B3%B5%ED%9A%8C" title="성공회">성공회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%ED%84%B0%ED%9A%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="루터회">루터회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%A8%EB%A1%80%ED%9A%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="침례회">침례회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%BC%EB%B1%85%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="칼뱅주의">칼뱅주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%90%EB%A6%AC%ED%9A%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="감리회">감리회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EC%88%9C%EC%A0%88%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99" class="mw-redirect" title="오순절운동">오순절운동</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%9D%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="복음주의">복음주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%AC%EB%A6%BC%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="재림주의">재림주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EC%82%AC%EB%8F%84%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99" class="mw-redirect" title="신사도운동">신사도운동</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD%EB%B3%B5%EA%B7%80%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99" class="mw-redirect" title="성경복귀운동">성경복귀운동</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%AC%EC%84%B8%EB%A1%80%ED%8C%8C" title="재세례파">재세례파</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%9B%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%8C%8C" title="후스파">후스파</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%8C%EB%A6%AC%EB%A8%B8%EC%8A%A4_%ED%98%95%EC%A0%9C%EB%8B%A8" title="플리머스 형제단">플리머스 형제단</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%80%98%EC%9D%B4%EC%BB%A4" title="퀘이커">퀘이커</a></li></ul></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%9A%8C%EB%B3%B5%EB%90%9C_%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" class="mw-redirect" title="회복된 기독교">회복 기독교</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%88%98_%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%EB%8F%84_%ED%9B%84%EA%B8%B0%EC%84%B1%EB%8F%84_%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="예수 그리스도 후기성도 교회">예수 그리스도 후기성도 교회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AC%ED%98%B8%EC%99%80%EC%9D%98_%EC%A6%9D%EC%9D%B8" title="여호와의 증인">여호와의 증인</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%A8%EC%9D%BC%EC%98%A4%EC%88%9C%EC%A0%88%EA%B5%90" title="단일오순절교">단일오순절교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8B%88%ED%85%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%96%B8%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="유니테리언주의">유니테리언주의</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border: 1px solid #ccc; background: #DCDCDC;">기독교 관련 <a href="/wiki/%EC%84%A4%ED%99%94" title="설화">설화</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B0%BD%EC%A1%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" class="mw-redirect" title="창조주의">창조주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EC%95%84%EC%9D%98_%EB%B0%A9%EC%A3%BC" title="노아의 방주">노아의 방주</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border: 1px solid #ccc; background: #DCDCDC;">기타 일반</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%A4%EA%B5%90" title="설교">강론·설교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%84" title="기도">기도</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EB%A1%80" title="전례">전례</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C%EB%A0%A5" title="교회력">교회력</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%BD%98" title="이콘">성화상</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EC%9D%8C%EC%95%85" title="기독교 음악">음악</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EB%AF%B8%EC%88%A0" title="기독교 미술">미술</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%ED%81%90%EB%A9%94%EB%8B%88%EC%A6%98" class="mw-redirect" title="에큐메니즘">에큐메니즘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%8B%A0%EC%A7%84%ED%99%94%EB%A1%A0" title="유신진화론">유신진화론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90%EC%99%80_%ED%83%80%EC%A2%85%EA%B5%90%EC%99%80%EC%9D%98_%EA%B4%80%EA%B3%84" class="mw-redirect" title="기독교와 타종교와의 관계">타종교 관계</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90%EC%97%90_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%9C_%EB%B9%84%ED%8C%90" title="기독교에 대한 비판">비판</a><br style="margin-bottom: 16px" /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/22px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/33px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/44px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <b><a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%ED%84%B8:%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" title="포털:기독교">기독교 포털</a></b></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311309"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" title="틀:기독교"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" title="틀토론:기독교"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" title="특수:문서편집/틀:기독교"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>토라</b>(<span style="font-size: smaller;"><a href="/wiki/%ED%9E%88%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%96%B4" title="히브리어">히브리어</a>: </span><span lang="he">תּוֹרָה</span> <small>토랗</small>, Torah)는 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%95%BD%EC%84%B1%EC%84%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="구약성서">구약성서</a>의 첫 다섯 편으로, 곧 <a href="/wiki/%EC%B0%BD%EC%84%B8%EA%B8%B0" title="창세기">창세기</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%B6%9C%EC%95%A0%EA%B5%BD%EA%B8%B0" title="출애굽기">출애굽기</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%9C%84%EA%B8%B0" title="레위기">레위기</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EC%88%98%EA%B8%B0" title="민수기">민수기</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EB%AA%85%EA%B8%B0" title="신명기">신명기</a>를 일컫는다. 흔히 <b><a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%84%B8%EC%98%A4%EA%B2%BD" title="모세오경">모세오경</a></b>(모세五經, תּוֹרַת־מֹשֶׁה)이나 모세율법이라고도 하며 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90" title="유대교">유대교</a>에서 가장 중요한 문서이다. 히브리어로 "가르침" 혹은 "법"을 뜻한다. 유다 전통에 따르면, 토라는 창조주가 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%84%B8" title="모세">모세</a>에게 계시하였다고 한다. 하지만 <a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EC%84%9C%EB%B9%84%ED%8F%89%ED%95%99" title="성서비평학">성서비평</a><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EC%84%9C%ED%95%99" title="성서학">학</a>자들은 모세오경(토라)이 Y(야훼계)-E(엘로힘계)-P(사제계)-D(신명기계) 문서, 곧 4문서로 이루어진 복수의 저자들의 산물이며 YEPD(또는 JEPD) 문서에 의해 전승된 이야기들을 그들의 사상에 알맞게 편집한 신학 작업의 산물로 보고 있다. 오늘날 <b>토라</b>를 경전으로 삼고 있는 종교는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EA%B5%90" title="유대교">유대교</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" title="기독교">그리스도교</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%AC%EB%9E%8C%EA%B5%90" title="이슬람교">이슬람교</a>이다. 그러나 이슬람교는 창조주가 모세에게 토라를 계시해주었지만 지금 우리가 갖고 있는 토라는 원본이 왜곡된 책이므로 신뢰할 수 없다고 주장한다. 신학에서 모세오경을 가리키는 율법이 아닌 또 다른 의미로 사용하는 율법이라는 용어는 매우 중요한데, <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4_%EB%A3%A8%ED%84%B0" title="마르틴 루터">루터</a>는 복음과 대비되는 개념으로 율법을 강조해 사용했다. 루터는 율법과 복음을 철저하게 구별하여 사용하였다. 그에게 있어서 율법은 하나님의 명령으로 행위적이며 하나님의 요구로 인간이 죄인인 것을 알게 하는 기능을 한다. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="연구"><span id=".EC.97.B0.EA.B5.AC"></span>연구</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 연구"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="모세_친저성에_대한_의심"><span id=".EB.AA.A8.EC.84.B8_.EC.B9.9C.EC.A0.80.EC.84.B1.EC.97.90_.EB.8C.80.ED.95.9C_.EC.9D.98.EC.8B.AC"></span>모세 친저성에 대한 의심</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 모세 친저성에 대한 의심"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="연구사"><span id=".EC.97.B0.EA.B5.AC.EC.82.AC"></span>연구사</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&section=3" title="부분 편집: 연구사"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%ED%83%88%EB%AC%B4%EB%93%9C" title="탈무드">탈무드</a>와 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EC%95%BD%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD" title="신약성경">신약성경</a>은 토라의 저자를 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%84%B8" title="모세">모세</a>로 간주한다. 완성된 토라는 스스로를 계시받은 모세 저작물로 간주한다 (예: 신명기 31-33). </p><p><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%81%EC%A7%80%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="영지주의">영지주의자들</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%82%A4%EC%98%A8%ED%8C%8C" title="마르키온파">마르키온주의자들</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%8B%88%EA%B5%90" title="마니교">마니교</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%BC%88%EC%88%98%EC%8A%A4" title="켈수스">켈수스</a>, <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%EB%A5%B4%ED%94%BC%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%A4%EC%8A%A4" title="포르피리오스">포르피리오스</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiwi_al-Balkhi" class="extiw" title="en:Hiwi al-Balkhi">히위 알발키 <small>(en)</small></a>, 및 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_Hazm" class="extiw" title="en:Ibn Hazm">이븐 하짐 <small>(en)</small></a>은 토라의 내용상 모순을 개진시켰다.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE쳉어2012155_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE쳉어2012155-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/%ED%9E%88%EC%97%90%EB%A1%9C%EB%8B%88%EB%AC%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="히에로니무스">히에로니무스</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_ibn_Ezra" class="extiw" title="en:Abraham ibn Ezra">아브라함 이븐 에즈라 <small>(en)</small></a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung1984115_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung1984115-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>와 개혁자 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4_%EB%A3%A8%ED%84%B0" title="마르틴 루터">마르틴 루터</a>는 오경의 일부가 <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AC%ED%98%B8%EC%88%98%EC%95%84" title="여호수아">여호수아</a>나 편집자에 의해 보충되었다고 주장했다.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGarrett1996387_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGarrett1996387-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 또 다른 개혁자였던 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%88%EB%93%9C%EB%A0%88%EC%95%84%EC%8A%A4_%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC%EC%8A%88%ED%83%80%ED%8A%B8" title="안드레아스 카를슈타트">안드레아스 카를슈타트</a>는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%A6%88%EB%9D%BC" title="에즈라">에즈라</a>가 모세의 다섯 책을 편집했다고 (에즈라 7:6-10<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) 주장했다. </p><p><a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A8%B8%EC%8A%A4_%ED%99%89%EC%8A%A4" title="토머스 홉스">토머스 홉스</a>는 신명기 11-27을 제외하고 토라의 대부분의 내용를 모세가 썼음을 의심했다. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_La_Peyr%C3%A8re" class="extiw" title="en:Isaac La Peyrère">이자크 라 페이레르 <small>(en)</small></a>는 아담 이전의 인류에 대한 가설을 통해 토라에서 모세가 쓰지 않은 부분을 설명하려고 했다. <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EB%A4%BC%ED%9D%90_%EC%8A%A4%ED%94%BC%EB%85%B8%EC%9E%90" title="바뤼흐 스피노자">바뤼흐 스피노자</a>는 모세의 저술을 포함한 다양한 자료를 에즈라가 종합-편집했다고 주장했다. 사제 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Simon_(priest)" class="extiw" title="en:Richard Simon (priest)">리하르트 시몬 <small>(en)</small></a>은 《역사적 비평》(프랑스어: <i>Histoire critique du Vieux Testament</i>)에서 토라 속 각각의 이야기와 법 간의 모순, 중복, 및 문체적-내용적 차이점을 설명하고 단일 저자가 아니라는 결론을 내렸다. 그는 모세가 자료를 수집하고, 독자적 단편들을 작성하고, 모세 사후로부터 에즈라가 완성하기까지 손질되었다고 추측했다.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE쳉어2012156-157_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE쳉어2012156-157-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="토라_본문의_복합성에_대한_증거들"><span id=".ED.86.A0.EB.9D.BC_.EB.B3.B8.EB.AC.B8.EC.9D.98_.EB.B3.B5.ED.95.A9.EC.84.B1.EC.97.90_.EB.8C.80.ED.95.9C_.EC.A6.9D.EA.B1.B0.EB.93.A4"></span>토라 본문의 복합성에 대한 증거들</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&section=4" title="부분 편집: 토라 본문의 복합성에 대한 증거들"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="내적_증거들"><span id=".EB.82.B4.EC.A0.81_.EC.A6.9D.EA.B1.B0.EB.93.A4"></span>내적 증거들</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&section=5" title="부분 편집: 내적 증거들"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>토라는 <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%82%98%EB%8B%98" title="하나님">아브라함의 하나님</a>을 각기 다양한 이름과 칭호로 지칭한다: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%BC%ED%9B%BC" title="야훼">야훼</a> (JHWH/YHWH; 여호와), <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%98%EB%A1%9C%ED%9E%98" title="엘로힘">엘로힘</a> (하나님), 엘, 하-엘로힘, 엘 엘리온 (지극히 높으신 하나님), 엘 샤다이 (전능하신 하나님), 엘 올람 (영원하신 하나님), 엘 베텔 (<a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A7%EC%97%98" title="벧엘">벧엘</a>의 하나님), 엘 압 (아버지 하나님), "이사악의 경외하는 이" (창세기 31:53<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), "야곱의 전능자" (창세기 49:24<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERösel2021_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERösel2021-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 하나님의 다양한 현현 방식—야훼의 사자(창세기 22:11,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 15<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)와 세 사람/야훼/야훼와 두 천사 (창세기 18-19). 출애굽기 6:2-3은 엘 샤다이와 야훼의 이름을 서로 구분한다:<blockquote><p>하나님이 모세에게 말씀하여 가라사대 나는 여호와로라 내가 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%ED%95%A8" title="아브라함">아브라함</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%95%85" title="이사악">이삭</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%BC%EA%B3%B1" title="야곱">야곱</a>에게 전능의 하나님(엘 샤다이)으로 나타났으나 나의 이름을 여호와(야훼)로는 그들에게 알리지 아니하였고<br />―출애굽기 6:2-3 (KRV)</p></blockquote>그러나 창세기 12:8; 13:18; 15:7; 22:14; 28:13에서 아브라함, 이사악, 야곱은 야훼와 마주하며 또 예배할 뿐 아니라, 출애굽기 3:13-15는 이미 모세에게 야훼의 이름을 소개했다는 관찰이 이루어진다.</li> <li>토라의 어떤 이야기들과 사건들은 반복되고 또 그 반복 안에서 서로 상충되고 긴장된다 (예: a. 창세기 1-2:4a와 2:4b-3:24, 두 창조의 차이; b. 창세기 12:10-20; 20:1-18; 26:1-11, 세 가지의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%9D%BC" title="사라">사라</a>나 <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EB%B8%8C%EA%B0%80" title="리브가">리브가</a> 구출; c. 창세기 28:10-22와 35:9-15, 두 가지 벧엘의 기원 이야기).</li> <li>한 이야기 안에 이미 여러 서술과 표상이 섞여 있기도 한다 (예: a. 홍수의 원인 (창세기 6:5/6:11-12), 방주 속의 짐승들 (7:2/6:19-20), 홍수의 기간 (7:4, 12/7:6; 8:14), 홍수의 유형 (7:6; 8:2-3/7:11; 8:1-2), 방주에서 나옴 (8:6-12/8:15-17) 등, 홍수 이야기 안에서 서로 대립되는 문체와 표상이 존재한다; b. 출애굽기 14-15에는 추격하는 이집트인들에 맞서 모세와 함께 도망치는 이스라엘 민족을 묘사하지만, 동시에 야훼와 그의 신적 존재들이 거짓 신들과 전투를 벌인다).</li> <li>출애굽기 20:2-17; 34:11-26; 신명기 5:6-21에 세 가지의 각기 다른 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%AD%EA%B3%84%EB%AA%85" title="십계명">십계명</a>이 묘사된다.</li> <li>출애굽기 20:22-23:33; 레위기 17-26; 신명기 12-26은 서로 유사한 구조를 가졌으나 내용상 서로 충돌한다 (예: 출애굽기 21:2-11; 레위기 25:39-55; 신명기 15:12-18은 서로 노예에 대해 각기 다른 규정을 가진다).</li> <li>토라에는 다양한 총체적 구상들과 신학적 표상들이 경쟁한다 (예: a. 창세기와 출애굽기-신명기 간의 그리고 창세기 내부에서의 하나님 관념의 차이; b. 창세기와 출애굽기-신명기 간의 그리고 출애굽기-신명기 내부에서의 이스라엘 관념의 차이; c. <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%82%98%EC%9D%B4%EC%82%B0" title="시나이산">시나이</a>에서의, 십계명이냐 성막이냐의 주요 사건에 대한 노선의 차이; d. 신명기 5-28과 29-30 간의 계약 신학의 차이; e. 하나님과 친밀한 모세와 죄 때문에 약속의 땅으로 가지 못하는 모세의 모습 간의 차이).</li> <li>토라는 본성상 세 가지 문학적 근본 문제를 가진다: a. 역사와 법의 관계가 비체계적이다; b. 서술 양식과 기법이 다채롭다; c. 약속의 땅으로의 진입을 자체적으로 가지지 않은, 미완의 책이다.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTE쳉어2012134-152_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE쳉어2012134-152-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="외적_증거들"><span id=".EC.99.B8.EC.A0.81_.EC.A6.9D.EA.B1.B0.EB.93.A4"></span>외적 증거들</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&section=6" title="부분 편집: 외적 증거들"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>기원전 5-4세기에 기록되어 유대인 식민지에 대해서도 기록된 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephantine_papyri_and_ostraca" class="extiw" title="en:Elephantine papyri and ostraca">엘레판티네 파피루스 <small>(en)</small></a>에는 토라와 관련된 내용이나 지식이 없으며,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECowley2005xxiii_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECowley2005xxiii-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (예루살렘 밖에서는 성전을 건축할 수 없다고 규정한 신명기에 반하여) <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%98%EB%A0%88%ED%8C%90%ED%8B%B0%EB%84%A4%EC%84%AC" title="엘레판티네섬">엘레판티네</a>에 작은 유대교 사원이 있었다고 기록되어 있다.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGmirkin200631_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGmirkin200631-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 또한 엘레판티네의 유대인들이 <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EB%A3%A8%EC%82%B4%EB%A0%98" title="예루살렘">예루살렘</a> 대제사장에게 성전 재건에 대한 지원을 요청하는 편지를 보낸 기록이 있으며, 이는 당시 예루살렘 성전의 제사장들이 신명기 율법을 시행하지 않았을 수도 있음을 시사한다.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECowley2005xx_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECowley2005xx-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>다양한 자료들이 토라의 기초가 되거나 영향을 주었다. 대표적으로 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atra-Hasis" class="extiw" title="en:Atra-Hasis">아트라하시스 (en)</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%88%84%EB%A7%88_%EC%97%98%EB%A6%AC%EC%8B%9C" title="에누마 엘리시">에누마 엘리시</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B8%EA%B0%80%EB%A9%94%EC%8B%9C_%EC%84%9C%EC%82%AC%EC%8B%9C" title="길가메시 서사시">길가메시 서사시</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sargon_of_Akkad#Origin_legends" class="extiw" title="en:Sargon of Akkad">사르곤의 전설 <small>(en)</small></a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baal_Cycle" class="extiw" title="en:Baal Cycle">바알 신화 <small>(en)</small></a>, <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%A8%EB%AC%B4%EB%9D%BC%EB%B9%84_%EB%B2%95%EC%A0%84" title="함무라비 법전">함무라비 법전</a>, 숩필룰리우마스와 아무루의 아지라스의 조약, 에살핫돈의 종주 조약 등이 있다.</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="율법서"><span id=".EC.9C.A8.EB.B2.95.EC.84.9C"></span>율법서</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&section=7" title="부분 편집: 율법서"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4%EB%9D%BC%EC%97%98" title="이스라엘">이스라엘</a>의 법제도는 이스라엘 민족이 주변 강대국들에 의해 삶의 터전에서 쫓겨나 각기 흩어지면서 궁극적으로는 사멸해갈 수밖에 없는 운명이었지만 정치적인 독립을 잃고 이스라엘 땅으로부터 실질적인 관계를 박탈당한 상황에서도 율법을 따르는 생활은 하루아침에 폐지되지 않았다. 전세계로 흩어졌음에도 그들 자신의 율법과 이를 시행할 법정이 여전히 존속했다. 이것이 바로 이스라엘의 율법서, 토라의 골격으로 발전되었다. </p><p>현재와서도 '<a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%95%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%8F%AC%EB%9D%BC" title="디아스포라">디아스포라</a>'가 ‘이산(離散) 유대인’ ‘이산의 땅’이라는 의미로도 사용되듯이 <a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%94%EB%A0%88%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%EC%9D%B8" title="팔레스타인">팔레스티나</a>(팔레스타인) 밖에 살면서 유대교적 종교규범과 생활관습을 유지하는 유대인 또는 그들의 거주지를 가리키는 말이다. 즉, <a href="/wiki/1948%EB%85%84" title="1948년">1948년</a>에 이스라엘 공화국이 건국된 이후, <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4%EB%9D%BC%EC%97%98" title="이스라엘">이스라엘</a> 밖에 사는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8C%80%EC%9D%B8" title="유대인">유대인</a>도 <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%95%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%8F%AC%EB%9D%BC" title="디아스포라">디아스포라</a>라고 하고 있다.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>하지만 <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%95%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%8F%AC%EB%9D%BC" title="디아스포라">디아스포라</a> 중에서도 유대 법체계는 발전을 거듭해갔다. 1세기 두 번째 성전(Temple)이 무너지기 전에 시행되었던 유대 율법의 일부가 법의 개념적인 기초를 제공해주었고, 바빌론 디아스포라 시절에 쓰인 바빌론 탈무드가 유대 율법을 발전시킨 주 요인 중의 하나가 되기도 했다. </p><p>이스라엘의 성전이 파괴된 이후에도 성결법과 성전에 관련된 율법 그리고 희생제물을 드리는 것과 관련된 율법은 정교하게 이론화되었다. 사람과 하나님과의 관계, 사람과 사람과의 관계 그리고 개인과 공동체와의 관계에 대한 유대 율법은 일상생활에서 실제적인 문제가 나타날 때마다 적용되곤 했다. </p><p>유대인 신앙의 원리에 따르면 모든 유대 율법의 뿌리가 되는 근거는 하나님의 계시이다. 인간과 하나님과의 관계를 다스려주는 계명은 일상생활을 이끌어주는 규범을 형성시켰는데, 기도와 관련된 율법, 안식일과 공휴일 그리고 규정식에 대한 율법 등이 그 내용들이다. 이런 내용은 이슬람 율법(샤리아)의 운용방식과 크게 다를 바가 없다. </p><p>유대교에서 비즈니스, 노동, 불법 행위와 범죄 등 사람들 간의 관계와 관련된 계명은 오히려 법적인 성격을 띠었다. 이같이 종교적이고 법적인 성격의 계명은 토라와 <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%A0%EB%9D%BC%EC%B9%B4" title="할라카">할라카</a>(Halakhah) 즉, 유대 법체계의 율법적 자료로서 반드시 구약에서 따온 것이 아닌 할라카에서 비롯되고 있다. 종교 의례에 관한 문제를 규정하는 할라카 법정은 계약, 임대, 매매 등을 포함한 민법사건들도 판결하고 있다.<sup id="cite_ref-토라_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-토라-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 즉, 이것으로 또 다른 율법의 할라카로 토라와의 구분을 만들고 있다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="모세오경과의_구분"><span id=".EB.AA.A8.EC.84.B8.EC.98.A4.EA.B2.BD.EA.B3.BC.EC.9D.98_.EA.B5.AC.EB.B6.84"></span>모세오경과의 구분</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&section=8" title="부분 편집: 모세오경과의 구분"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>히브리어 תּוֹרָה는 '가르침'이라는 뜻이므로 성경 전체를 포함할 수 있으나 일반적으로 '토라'는 율법서만 지칭한다. 토라가 성경 전체가 아닌 모세오경만을 가리키는 의미로 사용된 것은 유대인의 성경 분류 때문이다. 유대인은 구약성경을 율법서, 예언서, 성문서로 구분하며 이 가운데 율법서를 '토라'라고 부른다. 토라는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%84%B8" title="모세">모세</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%84%B8%EC%98%A4%EA%B2%BD" title="모세오경">오경</a>인 <a href="/wiki/%EC%B0%BD%EC%84%B8%EA%B8%B0" title="창세기">창세기</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%B6%9C%EC%95%A0%EA%B5%BD%EA%B8%B0" title="출애굽기">출애굽기</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%9C%84%EA%B8%B0" title="레위기">레위기</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EC%88%98%EA%B8%B0" title="민수기">민수기</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EB%AA%85%EA%B8%B0" title="신명기">신명기</a> 등 다섯 권의 책만 한정하여 일컫기는 하지만 좀 더 넓은 의미에서 성경 말씀 전체를 가리키기도 하는데 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%84%B8%EC%98%A4%EA%B2%BD" title="모세오경">모세오경</a>만을 토라로 지칭하는 것은 오해를 가져올 수도 있다. 유대인에게는 성경 전체는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EC%95%BD%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD" title="신약성경">신약성경</a>이 없는 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%95%BD%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD" title="구약성경">구약성경</a>만을 의미하며 토라는 율법서만 가리킨다. '히브리어의 토라'는 개념상 <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%84%B8%EC%98%A4%EA%B2%BD" title="모세오경">모세오경</a>만이 아닌 구약성경 전체를 가리킨다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="같이_보기"><span id=".EA.B0.99.EC.9D.B4_.EB.B3.B4.EA.B8.B0"></span>같이 보기</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&section=9" title="부분 편집: 같이 보기"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480479">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36480595">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%AF%B8%EB%94%94%EC%96%B4_%EA%B3%B5%EC%9A%A9" title="위키미디어 공용">위키미디어 공용</a></b>에 관련된<br />미디어 분류가 있습니다.<div style="padding-left:1em;"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Torah?uselang=ko">토라</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%AD%EA%B3%84%EB%AA%85" title="십계명">십계명</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A8%EB%B2%95%EA%B3%BC%EB%B3%B5%EC%9D%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="율법과복음">율법과복음</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%9D%8C" title="복음">복음</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD" title="성경">성경</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%BF%A0%EB%9E%80" title="쿠란">쿠란</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%83%80%EB%82%98%ED%81%AC" title="타나크">타나크</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="주해"><span id=".EC.A3.BC.ED.95.B4"></span>주해</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&section=10" title="부분 편집: 주해"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r35556958">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">에즈라 7:6-10 (KRV): 이 에스라가 바벨론에서 올라왔으니 저는 이스라엘 하나님 여호와께서 주신바 모세의 율법에 익숙한 학사로서 그 하나님 여호와의 도우심을 입으므로 왕에게 구하는 것은 다 받는 자더니 아닥사스다왕 칠년에 이스라엘 자손과 제사장들과 레위 사람들과 노래하는 자들과 문지기들과 느디님 사람들 중에 몇 사람이 예루살렘으로 올라올 때에 이 에스라가 올라왔으니 왕의 칠년 오월이라 정월 초하루에 바벨론에서 길을 떠났고 하나님의 선한 손의 도우심을 입어 오월 초하루에 예루살렘에 이르니라 에스라가 여호와의 율법을 연구하여 준행하며 율례와 규례를 이스라엘에게 가르치기로 결심하였었더라</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">창세기 31:53 (KRV): 아브라함의 하나님, 나홀의 하나님, 그들의 조상의 하나님은 우리 사이에 판단하옵소서 하매 야곱이 그 아비 이삭의 경외하는 이를 가리켜 맹세하고</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">창세기 49:24 (KRV): 요셉의 활이 도리어 견강하며 그의 팔이 힘이 있으니 야곱의 전능자의 손을 힘입음이라 그로부터 이스라엘의 반석인 목자가 나도다</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">창세기 22:11 (KRV): 여호와의 사자가 하늘에서부터 그를 불러 가라사대 아브라함아 아브라함아 하시는지라 아브라함이 가로되 내가 여기 있나이다 하매</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">창세기 22:15 (KRV): 여호와의 사자가 하늘에서부터 두번째 아브라함을 불러</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="각주"><span id=".EA.B0.81.EC.A3.BC"></span>각주</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&section=11" title="부분 편집: 각주"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r35556958"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE쳉어2012155-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE쳉어2012155_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF쳉어2012">쳉어 2012</a>, 155쪽.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: 대상 없음: CITEREF쳉어2012 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoung1984115-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoung1984115_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYoung1984">Young 1984</a>, 115쪽.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: 대상 없음: CITEREFYoung1984 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGarrett1996387-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGarrett1996387_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGarrett1996">Garrett 1996</a>, 387쪽.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: 대상 없음: CITEREFGarrett1996 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE쳉어2012156-157-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE쳉어2012156-157_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF쳉어2012">쳉어 2012</a>, 156-157쪽.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: 대상 없음: CITEREF쳉어2012 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERösel2021-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERösel2021_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRösel2021">Rösel 2021</a>.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: 대상 없음: CITEREFRösel2021 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTE쳉어2012134-152-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE쳉어2012134-152_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREF쳉어2012">쳉어 2012</a>, 134-152쪽.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: 대상 없음: CITEREF쳉어2012 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECowley2005xxiii-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECowley2005xxiii_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCowley2005">Cowley 2005</a>, xxiii쪽, "이 본문에서 알 수 있듯이 모세는 존재하지 않았을 수도 있고, 이집트에서의 종살이도, 출애굽도, 군주제도, 선지자도 없었을 수도 있다. 다른 지파에 대한 언급도 없고 유다 땅의 어떤 유산에 대한 주장도 없다. 수많은 식민지 주민의 이름 중 후대에 흔한 아브라함, 야곱, 요셉, 모세, 사무엘, 다윗은 물론이고 오경과 초기 문헌에 기록된 과거 역사에서 유래한 다른 이름도 (느헤미야기에도) 전혀 등장하지 않는다. 거의 믿기지 않지만 사실이다."<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: 대상 없음: CITEREFCowley2005 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGmirkin200631-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGmirkin200631_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGmirkin2006">Gmirkin 2006</a>, 31쪽.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: 대상 없음: CITEREFGmirkin2006 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECowley2005xx-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECowley2005xx_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCowley2005">Cowley 2005</a>, xx쪽, "탄원서에는 [엘레판티네] 성전이 이단으로 간주될 수 있다는 의심의 여지가 전혀 없으며, 만일 그들에게 의심의 여지가 있었다면 예루살렘의 대제사장에게 호소하지 않았을 것이 분명하다. 오히려 그들은 자신들만의 성전을 소유한 것을 자랑스러워하고, 야우 야훼(청원서에 다른 신은 언급되지 않음)의 경건한 신봉자로서 성전 파괴로 인한 종교적 활동의 상실에 대해 심각하게 괴로워하는 듯한 인상을 주었다."<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> harv error: 대상 없음: CITEREFCowley2005 (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">《종교학대사전》, 디아스포라(Diaspora) 한국사전연구사(1998년)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-토라-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-토라_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">《토라와 정경》, 제임스 A. 샌더스 저, 박원일, 유연희 역, 한국기독교연구소(2013년)</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="참고_문헌"><span id=".EC.B0.B8.EA.B3.A0_.EB.AC.B8.ED.97.8C"></span>참고 문헌</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&action=edit&section=12" title="부분 편집: 참고 문헌"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFCowley2005" class="citation">Cowley, Arthur (2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=T3FLAwAAQBAJ">《<span></span><i>Aramaic Papyri of the Fifth Century B.C.</i><span></span>》</a>, Eugene, OR: Wipf & Stock Publishers, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/1597523631" title="특수:책찾기/1597523631"><bdi>1597523631</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Aramaic+Papyri+of+the+Fifth+Century+B.C.&rft.pub=Eugene%2C+OR%3A+Wipf+%26+Stock+Publishers&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1597523631&rft.aulast=Cowley&rft.aufirst=Arthur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DT3FLAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDon1996" class="citation">Don, Garrett (1996), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i6Ut7EAUgFEC&pg=PA387">《<span></span><i>The Cambridge Companion to Spinoza</i><span></span>》</a>, Cambridge University Press, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/9780521398657" title="특수:책찾기/9780521398657"><bdi>9780521398657</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+Spinoza&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9780521398657&rft.aulast=Don&rft.aufirst=Garrett&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Di6Ut7EAUgFEC%26pg%3DPA387&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFGmirkin2006" class="citation">Gmirkin, Russell (2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CKuoAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA32">《<span></span><i>Berossus and Genesis, Manetho and Exodus</i><span></span>》</a>, Bloomsbury, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/9780567134394" title="특수:책찾기/9780567134394"><bdi>9780567134394</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Berossus+and+Genesis%2C+Manetho+and+Exodus&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780567134394&rft.aulast=Gmirkin&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCKuoAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFRösel2021" class="citation web">Rösel, Martin (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bibelwissenschaft.de/ressourcen/bibelkunde/themenkapitel-at/name-gottes-2">“Der Name Gottes”</a>. 《<span></span><i>Bibelkunde des Alten Testaments</i><span></span>》.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%27%27Bibelkunde+des+Alten+Testaments%27%27&rft.atitle=Der+Name+Gottes&rft.date=2021&rft.aulast=R%C3%B6sel&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bibelwissenschaft.de%2Fressourcen%2Fbibelkunde%2Fthemenkapitel-at%2Fname-gottes-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFYoung1984" class="citation">Young, Edward J. (1984), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=R5XMn9YZ50wC&pg=PA115">《<span></span><i>An Introduction to the Old Testament</i><span></span>》</a>, Eerdmans, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/9780802803399" title="특수:책찾기/9780802803399"><bdi>9780802803399</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+Introduction+to+the+Old+Testament&rft.pub=Eerdmans&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=9780802803399&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=Edward+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DR5XMn9YZ50wC%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREF비비아노2022" class="citation">비비아노, 폴린 A. (2022), 〈자료비평〉, 매킨지, 스티븐 L.; 헤인즈, 스티븐, 《성서비평 방법론과 그 적용》, 한국기독교연구소, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/9788997339969" title="특수:책찾기/9788997339969"><bdi>9788997339969</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%EC%9E%90%EB%A3%8C%EB%B9%84%ED%8F%89&rft.btitle=%EC%84%B1%EC%84%9C%EB%B9%84%ED%8F%89+%EB%B0%A9%EB%B2%95%EB%A1%A0%EA%B3%BC+%EA%B7%B8+%EC%A0%81%EC%9A%A9&rft.pub=%ED%95%9C%EA%B5%AD%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90%EC%97%B0%EA%B5%AC%EC%86%8C&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=9788997339969&rft.aulast=%EB%B9%84%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84%EB%85%B8&rft.aufirst=%ED%8F%B4%EB%A6%B0+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREF쳉어2012" class="citation">쳉어, 에리히, 편집. (2012), 《구약성경 개론》, 신학 텍스트 총서, 분도출판사, <a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EC%A0%9C_%ED%91%9C%EC%A4%80_%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%ED%98%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="국제 표준 도서 번호">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EC%B1%85%EC%B0%BE%EA%B8%B0/9788941912057" title="특수:책찾기/9788941912057"><bdi>9788941912057</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%EA%B5%AC%EC%95%BD%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD+%EA%B0%9C%EB%A1%A0&rft.series=%EC%8B%A0%ED%95%99+%ED%85%8D%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8+%EC%B4%9D%EC%84%9C&rft.pub=%EB%B6%84%EB%8F%84%EC%B6%9C%ED%8C%90%EC%82%AC&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9788941912057&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fko.wikipedia.org%3A%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li>「모세오경」, 명칭과 의미, 김정훈 저, 바오로딸(2006년, 21~29p)</li> <li>「참행복의 삶을 위하여」, 성서란 무엇인가?, 김왕기 저, 전남대학교출판부(2007년, 91~118p)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r36429174">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="타나크" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311309"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%ED%83%80%EB%82%98%ED%81%AC_%EB%91%98%EB%9F%AC%EB%B3%B4%EA%B8%B0" title="틀:타나크 둘러보기"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%ED%83%80%EB%82%98%ED%81%AC_%EB%91%98%EB%9F%AC%EB%B3%B4%EA%B8%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="틀토론:타나크 둘러보기 (없는 문서)"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%ED%83%80%EB%82%98%ED%81%AC_%EB%91%98%EB%9F%AC%EB%B3%B4%EA%B8%B0" title="특수:문서편집/틀:타나크 둘러보기"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="타나크" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%ED%83%80%EB%82%98%ED%81%AC" title="타나크">타나크</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">토라 (율법서)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(1)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%B0%BD%EC%84%B8%EA%B8%B0" title="창세기">창세기</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(2)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%B6%9C%EC%95%A0%EA%B5%BD%EA%B8%B0" title="출애굽기">출애굽기·탈출기</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(3)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%9C%84%EA%B8%B0" title="레위기">레위기</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(4)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EC%88%98%EA%B8%B0" title="민수기">민수기</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(5)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EB%AA%85%EA%B8%B0" title="신명기">신명기</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%84%A4%EB%B9%84%EC%9E%84" title="네비임">네비임 (예언서)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 7em;"><a href="/wiki/%EB%84%A4%EB%B9%84%EC%9E%84" title="네비임">전기 예언서</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(6)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AC%ED%98%B8%EC%88%98%EC%95%84" title="여호수아">여호수아</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(7)</span> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%90%EA%B4%80%EA%B8%B0" title="판관기">사사기·판관기</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(8)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%AC%B4%EC%97%98_%EC%83%81" class="mw-redirect" title="사무엘 상">사무엘기</a>(<a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%AC%B4%EC%97%98_%EC%83%81" class="mw-redirect" title="사무엘 상">상</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%AC%B4%EC%97%98_%ED%95%98" class="mw-redirect" title="사무엘 하">하</a>)</li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(9)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%99%95%EA%B8%B0_%EC%83%81" class="mw-redirect" title="열왕기 상">열왕기</a>(<a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%99%95%EA%B8%B0_%EC%83%81" class="mw-redirect" title="열왕기 상">상</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%99%95%EA%B8%B0_%ED%95%98" class="mw-redirect" title="열왕기 하">하</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 7em;"><a href="/wiki/%EB%84%A4%EB%B9%84%EC%9E%84" title="네비임">후기 예언서</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(10)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%95%BC%EC%84%9C" title="이사야서">이사야 서</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(11)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EB%A0%88%EB%AF%B8%EC%95%BC%EC%84%9C" title="예레미야서">예레미야 서</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(12)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%A0%9C%ED%82%A4%EC%97%98%EC%84%9C" title="에제키엘서">에스겔·에제키엘 서</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(13)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EC%98%88%EC%96%B8%EC%84%9C" title="소예언서">소예언서</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 7em;"><a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EC%98%88%EC%96%B8%EC%84%9C" title="소예언서">소예언서</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>① <a href="/wiki/%ED%98%B8%EC%84%B8%EC%95%84%EC%84%9C" title="호세아서">호세아 서</a></li> <li>② <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%EC%97%98%EC%84%9C" title="요엘서">요엘 서</a></li> <li>③ <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%AA%A8%EC%8A%A4%EC%84%9C" title="아모스서">아모스 서</a></li> <li>④ <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%B0%94%EB%93%9C%EC%95%BC%EC%84%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="오바드야서">오바드야·오바디아 서</a></li> <li>⑤ <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%EB%82%98%EC%84%9C" title="요나서">요나 서</a></li> <li>⑥ <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B0%80%EC%84%9C" title="미가서">미가·미카 서</a></li> <li>⑦ <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%98%ED%9B%94%EC%84%9C" title="나훔서">나훔 서</a></li> <li>⑧ <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%B0%94%EA%BE%B9%EC%84%9C" title="하바꾹서">하박국·하바꾹 서</a></li> <li>⑨ <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EB%B0%94%EB%8B%88%EC%95%BC%EC%84%9C" title="스바니야서">스바냐·스바니야 서</a></li> <li>⑩ <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EA%B9%A8%EC%84%9C" title="하깨서">학개·하깨 서</a></li> <li>⑪ <a href="/wiki/%EC%A6%88%EA%B0%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%BC%EC%84%9C" title="즈가리야서">스가랴·즈가리아 서</a></li> <li>⑫ <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%90%EB%9D%BC%EA%B8%B0%EC%84%9C" title="말라기서">말라기·말라키 서</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%BC%80%ED%88%AC%EB%B9%94" title="케투빔">케투빔 (성문서)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 7em;">시서</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(14)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%ED%8E%B8" title="시편">시편</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(15)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%A0%EC%96%B8" title="잠언">잠언</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(16)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%A5%EA%B8%B0" title="욥기">욥기</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 7em;">지혜서</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(17)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EA%B0%80" title="아가">아가</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(18)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%BB%EA%B8%B0" title="룻기">룻기</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(19)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%A0%EA%B0%80" title="애가">예레미야 애가·애가</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(20)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C" title="전도서">전도서·코헬렛</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(21)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%8A%A4%EB%8D%B8%EA%B8%B0" title="에스델기">에스더·에스테르 기</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 7em;">기타 · 사서</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(22)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EB%8B%88%EC%97%98%EC%84%9C" title="다니엘서">다니엘</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(23)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%A6%88%EB%9D%BC%EA%B8%B0" title="에즈라기">에스라·에즈라 기</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EB%8A%90%ED%97%A4%EB%AF%B8%EC%95%BC%EA%B8%B0" title="느헤미야기">느헤미야기</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(24)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AD%EB%8C%80%EA%B8%B0" title="역대기">역대기</a>(<a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AD%EB%8C%80%EA%B8%B0" title="역대기">상</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AD%EB%8C%80%EA%B8%B0" title="역대기">하</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="구약성경·구약성서(로마_가톨릭교회)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311309"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EA%B5%AC%EC%95%BD%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD_%EB%91%98%EB%9F%AC%EB%B3%B4%EA%B8%B0(%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%88_%EA%B0%80%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AD%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C)" title="틀:구약성경 둘러보기(로마 가톨릭교회)"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EA%B5%AC%EC%95%BD%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD_%EB%91%98%EB%9F%AC%EB%B3%B4%EA%B8%B0(%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%88_%EA%B0%80%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AD%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C)" title="틀토론:구약성경 둘러보기(로마 가톨릭교회)"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EA%B5%AC%EC%95%BD%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD_%EB%91%98%EB%9F%AC%EB%B3%B4%EA%B8%B0(%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%88_%EA%B0%80%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AD%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C)" title="특수:문서편집/틀:구약성경 둘러보기(로마 가톨릭교회)"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="구약성경·구약성서(로마_가톨릭교회)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%95%BD%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD" title="구약성경">구약성경</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%95%BD%EC%84%B1%EC%84%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="구약성서">구약성서</a>(<a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%88_%EA%B0%80%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AD%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="로마 가톨릭교회">로마 가톨릭교회</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-size: 9pt;"><div>"·"으로 구분된 경우 앞의 것은 <a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EC%84%9C_%EB%B2%88%EC%97%AD#성경_(2005년)" class="mw-redirect" title="성서 번역">가톨릭 성경판</a>의 책 이름이고 뒤의 것은 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EB%8F%99%EB%B2%88%EC%97%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="공동번역">공동번역판</a>의 책 이름이다.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size: 9pt;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%84%B8%EC%98%A4%EA%B2%BD" title="모세오경">오경</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size: 9pt;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(1)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%B0%BD%EC%84%B8%EA%B8%B0" title="창세기">창세기</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(2)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%B6%9C%EC%95%A0%EA%B5%BD%EA%B8%B0" title="출애굽기">탈출기</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%B6%9C%EC%95%A0%EA%B5%BD%EA%B8%B0" title="출애굽기">출애굽기</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(3)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EC%9C%84%EA%B8%B0" title="레위기">레위기</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(4)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EC%88%98%EA%B8%B0" title="민수기">민수기</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(5)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EB%AA%85%EA%B8%B0" title="신명기">신명기</a> </span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size: 9pt;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC%EC%84%9C" title="역사서">역사서</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size: 9pt;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(6)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AC%ED%98%B8%EC%88%98%EC%95%84%EA%B8%B0" title="여호수아기">여호수아기</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AC%ED%98%B8%EC%88%98%EC%95%84%EA%B8%B0" title="여호수아기">여호수아</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(7)</span> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%90%EA%B4%80%EA%B8%B0" title="판관기">판관기</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(8)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%BB%EA%B8%B0" title="룻기">룻기</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(9)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%AC%B4%EC%97%98_%EC%83%81%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="사무엘 상권">사무엘기 상권</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%AC%B4%EC%97%98_%EC%83%81%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="사무엘 상권">사무엘상</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(10)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%AC%B4%EC%97%98_%ED%95%98%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="사무엘 하권">사무엘기 하권</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%AC%B4%EC%97%98_%ED%95%98%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="사무엘 하권">사무엘하</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(11)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%99%95%EA%B8%B0_%EC%83%81%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="열왕기 상권">열왕기 상권</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%99%95%EA%B8%B0_%EC%83%81%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="열왕기 상권">열왕기상</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(12)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%99%95%EA%B8%B0_%ED%95%98%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="열왕기 하권">열왕기 하권</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%99%95%EA%B8%B0_%ED%95%98%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="열왕기 하권">열왕기하</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(13)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AD%EB%8C%80%EA%B8%B0_%EC%83%81%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="역대기 상권">역대기 상권</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AD%EB%8C%80%EA%B8%B0_%EC%83%81%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="역대기 상권">역대기상</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(14)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AD%EB%8C%80%EA%B8%B0_%ED%95%98%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="역대기 하권">역대기 하권</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AD%EB%8C%80%EA%B8%B0_%ED%95%98%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="역대기 하권">역대기하</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(15)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%A6%88%EB%9D%BC%EA%B8%B0" title="에즈라기">에즈라기</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%A6%88%EB%9D%BC%EA%B8%B0" title="에즈라기">에즈라</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(16)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%8A%90%ED%97%A4%EB%AF%B8%EC%95%BC%EA%B8%B0" title="느헤미야기">느헤미야기</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EB%8A%90%ED%97%A4%EB%AF%B8%EC%95%BC%EA%B8%B0" title="느헤미야기">느헤미야</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(17)</span> <a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%B9%97%EA%B8%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="토빗기">토빗기</a>·<a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%B9%97%EA%B8%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="토빗기">토비트</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(18)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%94%A7%EA%B8%B0" title="유딧기">유딧기</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%94%A7%EA%B8%B0" title="유딧기">유딧</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(19)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%8A%A4%EB%8D%B8%EA%B8%B0" title="에스델기">에스테르기</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%8A%A4%EB%8D%B8%EA%B8%B0" title="에스델기">에스델</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(20)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%B9%B4%EB%B2%A0%EC%98%A4%EA%B8%B0_%EC%83%81%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="마카베오기 상권">마카베오기 상권</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%B9%B4%EB%B2%A0%EC%98%A4%EA%B8%B0_%EC%83%81%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="마카베오기 상권">마카베오상</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(21)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%B9%B4%EB%B2%A0%EC%98%A4%EA%B8%B0_%ED%95%98%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="마카베오기 하권">마카베오기 하권</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%B9%B4%EB%B2%A0%EC%98%A4%EA%B8%B0_%ED%95%98%EA%B6%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="마카베오기 하권">마카베오하</a> </span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size: 9pt;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%8B%9C%EC%84%9C%EC%99%80_%EC%A7%80%ED%98%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="시서와 지혜 (없는 문서)">시서와 지혜</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size: 9pt;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(22)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%A5%EA%B8%B0" title="욥기">욥기</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(23)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%ED%8E%B8" title="시편">시편</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(24)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%A0%EC%96%B8" title="잠언">잠언</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(25)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%BD%94%ED%97%AC%EB%A0%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="코헬렛">코헬렛</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C" title="전도서">전도서</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(26)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EA%B0%80" title="아가">아가</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(27)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%80%ED%98%9C%EC%84%9C" title="지혜서">지혜서</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(28)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%91%ED%9A%8C%EC%84%9C" title="집회서">집회서</a> </span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-size: 9pt;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%96%B8%EC%84%9C" title="예언서">예언서</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size: 9pt;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><span class="nowrap"><span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(29)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%95%BC%EC%84%9C" title="이사야서">이사야서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%95%BC%EC%84%9C" title="이사야서">이사야</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(30)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EB%A0%88%EB%AF%B8%EC%95%BC%EC%84%9C" title="예레미야서">예레미야서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EB%A0%88%EB%AF%B8%EC%95%BC%EC%84%9C" title="예레미야서">예레미야</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(31)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%A0%EA%B0%80" title="애가">애가</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(32)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EB%A3%A9%EC%84%9C" title="바룩서">바룩서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EB%A3%A9%EC%84%9C" title="바룩서">바룩</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(33)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%A0%9C%ED%82%A4%EC%97%98%EC%84%9C" title="에제키엘서">에제키엘서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%A0%9C%ED%82%A4%EC%97%98%EC%84%9C" title="에제키엘서">에제키엘</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(34)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EB%8B%88%EC%97%98%EC%84%9C" title="다니엘서">다니엘서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EB%8B%88%EC%97%98%EC%84%9C" title="다니엘서">다니엘</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(35)</span> <a href="/wiki/%ED%98%B8%EC%84%B8%EC%95%84%EC%84%9C" title="호세아서">호세아서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%ED%98%B8%EC%84%B8%EC%95%84%EC%84%9C" title="호세아서">호세아</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(36)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%EC%97%98%EC%84%9C" title="요엘서">요엘서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%EC%97%98%EC%84%9C" title="요엘서">요엘</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(37)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%AA%A8%EC%8A%A4%EC%84%9C" title="아모스서">아모스서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%AA%A8%EC%8A%A4%EC%84%9C" title="아모스서">아모스</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(38)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%B0%94%EB%93%9C%EC%95%BC%EC%84%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="오바드야서">오바드야서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%B0%94%EB%93%9C%EC%95%BC%EC%84%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="오바드야서">오바디야</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(39)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%EB%82%98%EC%84%9C" title="요나서">요나서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%EB%82%98%EC%84%9C" title="요나서">요나</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(40)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B0%80%EC%84%9C" title="미가서">미카서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B0%80%EC%84%9C" title="미가서">미가</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(41)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%98%ED%9B%94%EC%84%9C" title="나훔서">나훔서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EB%82%98%ED%9B%94%EC%84%9C" title="나훔서">나훔</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(42)</span> <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%B0%94%EA%BE%B9%EC%84%9C" title="하바꾹서">하바쿡서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%B0%94%EA%BE%B9%EC%84%9C" title="하바꾹서">하바꾹</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(43)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EB%B0%94%EB%8B%88%EC%95%BC%EC%84%9C" title="스바니야서">스바니야서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EB%B0%94%EB%8B%88%EC%95%BC%EC%84%9C" title="스바니야서">스바니야</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(44)</span> <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EA%B9%A8%EC%84%9C" title="하깨서">하까이서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EA%B9%A8%EC%84%9C" title="하깨서">하깨</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(45)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EC%A6%88%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%EC%95%BC%EC%84%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="즈카르야서">즈카르야서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EC%A6%88%EA%B0%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%BC%EC%84%9C" title="즈가리야서">즈가리야</a> <b>·</b></span> <span class="nowrap"> <span style="position: relative; top: -1px; font-size: 8pt;">(46)</span> <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%90%EB%9D%BC%EA%B8%B0%EC%84%9C" title="말라기서">말라키서</a>·<a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%90%EB%9D%BC%EA%B8%B0%EC%84%9C" title="말라기서">말라기</a> </span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="기독교" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311309"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EB%91%98%EB%9F%AC%EB%B3%B4%EA%B8%B0" title="틀:기독교 둘러보기"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EB%91%98%EB%9F%AC%EB%B3%B4%EA%B8%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="틀토론:기독교 둘러보기 (없는 문서)"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-편집"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C%ED%8E%B8%EC%A7%91/%ED%8B%80:%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EB%91%98%EB%9F%AC%EB%B3%B4%EA%B8%B0" title="특수:문서편집/틀:기독교 둘러보기"><abbr title="이 틀을 편집하기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="기독교" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" title="기독교">기독교</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%88%98" title="예수">예수</a> <a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%EB%8F%84" title="그리스도">그리스도</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EC%A0%95%EB%85%80_%ED%83%84%EC%83%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="동정녀 탄생">탄생</a>《<a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%ED%98%84%EC%84%A4" title="가현설">가현설</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%95%EC%83%9D" title="강생">강생</a> <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%ED%98%84%EC%A0%88" title="주현절">주현절</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%88%98%EC%9D%98_%EC%84%B8%EB%A1%80" title="예수의 세례">세례</a>《<a href="/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%ED%98%84%EC%A0%88" title="주현절">주현절</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%88%98%EC%9D%98_%EC%8B%AD%EC%9E%90%EA%B0%80%ED%98%95" title="예수의 십자가형">죽음</a>《<a href="/wiki/%EC%86%8D%EC%A3%84" title="속죄">대속<b>·</b>속죄</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%88%98%EC%9D%98_%EB%B6%80%ED%99%9C" title="예수의 부활">부활</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%88%98%EC%9D%98_%EC%8A%B9%EC%B2%9C" title="예수의 승천">승천</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC%EC%A0%81_%EC%98%88%EC%88%98" title="역사적 예수">기독교의 예수관</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:P_christianity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/100px-P_christianity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/150px-P_christianity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/P_christianity.svg/200px-P_christianity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">기초</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="교회">교회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EC%95%BD%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD" title="신약성경">신약성경</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%8F%84" title="사도">사도</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%8A%90%EB%8B%98%EC%9D%98_%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="하느님의 나라">하느님의 나라</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%9D%8C" title="복음">복음</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EC%97%B0%ED%91%9C" title="기독교 연표">연표</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%98%ED%8A%B8%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4" title="페트로스">베드로</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9A%B8%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="파울로스">바울로</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%90%EB%B6%80" title="교부">교부</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD" title="성경">경전</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%95%BD%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD" title="구약성경">구약성경</a> 《<a class="mw-selflink selflink">모세오경</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC%EC%84%9C" title="역사서">역사서</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%96%B8%EC%84%9C" title="예언서">예언서</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%A0%EC%8B%AD%EC%9D%B8%EC%97%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="칠십인역">칠십인역</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EC%95%BD%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD" title="신약성경">신약성경</a> 《<a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%B3%B5%EC%9D%8C%EC%84%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="사복음서">사복음서</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9A%B8%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%A4_%EC%84%9C%EC%8B%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="파울로스 서신">바울로 서간</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD_%EB%AA%A9%EB%A1%9D" title="성경 목록">성경 목록</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EA%B2%BD" class="mw-disambig" title="정경">정경</a>《<a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EA%B2%BD#다양한_기독교의_정경" class="mw-disambig" title="정경">기독교의 정경</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%99%B8%EA%B2%BD" title="외경">외경</a> 《<a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EC%95%BD%EC%99%B8%EA%B2%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="신약외경">신약외경</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EC%84%9C%EB%B9%84%ED%8F%89%ED%95%99" title="성서비평학">성서비평학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EC%84%9C%EC%A0%95%EA%B3%BC" title="성서정과">성서정과</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EC%8B%A0%ED%95%99" title="기독교 신학">신학</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>신학의 3갈래《<a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC%EC%8B%A0%ED%95%99" title="역사신학">역사신학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EC%84%9C%EC%8B%A0%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="성서신학">성서신학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%81%EC%8B%A0%ED%95%99" title="조직신학">조직신학</a>》</li> <li>신학의 2갈래《<a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0%EC%8B%A0%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="이론신학">이론신학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A4%EC%B2%9C%EC%8B%A0%ED%95%99" title="실천신학">실천신학</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A3%84" title="죄">죄</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%9D%8C" title="복음">복음</a> 《<a href="/wiki/%EC%82%B0%EC%83%81_%EC%84%A4%EA%B5%90" class="mw-redirect" title="산상 설교">산상 설교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%B3%B5%EC%9D%8C%EC%84%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="사복음서">사복음서</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%9A%8C%EA%B0%9C" title="회개">회개</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%BF%EC%9D%8C" title="믿음">믿음</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%80%EC%B4%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="은총">은총</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EC%9B%90" title="구원">구원</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%8A%90%EB%8B%98%EC%9D%98_%EB%82%98%EB%9D%BC" title="하느님의 나라">천국·하느님의 나라</a>《<a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%8D%B4_%EB%8F%99%EC%82%B0" title="에덴 동산">에덴 동산</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%BD%EC%86%8D%EC%9D%98_%EB%95%85" title="약속의 땅">약속의 땅</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%BC%EC%9C%84%EC%9D%BC%EC%B2%B4" title="삼위일체">삼위일체</a> 《<a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EB%B6%80" title="성부">성부</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EC%9E%90_(%EC%82%BC%EC%9C%84%EC%9D%BC%EC%B2%B4)" title="성자 (삼위일체)">성자</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EB%A0%B9" title="성령">성령</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="교회">교회</a> 《<a href="/wiki/%EA%B3%B5%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" class="mw-redirect" title="공교회주의">공교회주의</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EB%A1%80" title="전례">전례</a> 《<a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EC%82%AC" title="미사">미사</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EC%B0%AC%EC%98%88%EB%B0%B0" title="성찬예배">성찬예배</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%9C%EC%8B%A0%EA%B5%90%EC%9D%98_%EC%98%88%EB%B0%B0" title="개신교의 예배">개신교 예배</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EC%82%AC" title="성사">성례전·성사</a> 《<a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EB%A1%80" title="세례">세례</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EC%B0%AC" title="성찬">성찬·성체성사</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%88_%EA%B0%80%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AD%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="로마 가톨릭교회">교회론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%EB%8F%84%EB%A1%A0" title="그리스도론">그리스도론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EB%A1%A0" title="마리아론">마리아론</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">율법</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EB%B3%80%EC%A6%9D%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="기독교 변증론">변증론</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A2%85%EB%A7%90%EB%A1%A0" title="종말론">종말론</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC" title="기독교의 역사">역사</a> <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EC%A0%84%ED%86%B5" title="기독교 전통">전통</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%88%EA%B8%B0_%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" title="초기 기독교">초대교회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%8F%84" title="사도">사도</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%90%EB%B6%80" title="교부">교부</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%90%ED%99%A9" title="교황">교황</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B4%9D%EB%8C%80%EC%A3%BC%EA%B5%90" title="총대주교">총대주교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84_%EA%B3%B5%EC%9D%98%ED%9A%8C" title="세계 공의회">세계 공의회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EC%84%9C_%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C%EC%9D%98_%EB%B6%84%EC%97%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="동서 교회의 분열">동서 교회의 분열</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%AD%EC%9E%90%EA%B5%B0" title="십자군">십자군</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%88_%EA%B0%80%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AD%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C_%EB%8C%80%EB%B6%84%EC%97%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="로마 가톨릭교회 대분열">로마 가톨릭교회 대분열</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A2%85%EA%B5%90_%EA%B0%9C%ED%98%81" title="종교 개혁">종교 개혁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%98%EC%A2%85%EA%B5%90_%EA%B0%9C%ED%98%81" class="mw-redirect" title="반종교 개혁">반종교 개혁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018%EB%85%84_%EC%BD%98%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%84%ED%8B%B0%EB%85%B8%ED%8F%B4%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4-%EB%AA%A8%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%EB%B0%94_%EB%B6%84%EC%97%B4" title="2018년 콘스탄티노폴리스-모스크바 분열">2018년 콘스탄티노폴리스-모스크바 분열</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90%EC%9D%98_%EA%B5%90%ED%8C%8C" title="기독교의 교파">교파</a>와 <a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99" class="mw-redirect" title="기독교 운동">운동</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%9C%EB%B0%A9_%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" title="서방 기독교">서방 기독교</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%88_%EA%B0%80%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AD%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="로마 가톨릭교회">가톨릭교회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%9C%EC%8B%A0%EA%B5%90" title="개신교">개신교</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EA%B3%B5%ED%9A%8C" title="성공회">성공회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%ED%84%B0%EA%B5%90" class="mw-redirect" title="루터교">루터교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%A5%EB%A1%9C%EA%B5%90" title="장로교">장로교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%A8%EB%A1%80%EA%B5%90" title="침례교">침례교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%BC%EB%B1%85%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="칼뱅주의">칼뱅주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%90%EB%A6%AC%EA%B5%90" class="mw-redirect" title="감리교">감리교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EC%88%9C%EC%A0%88%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="오순절주의">오순절운동</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%9D%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="복음주의">복음주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EC%B9%A0%EC%9D%BC%EC%95%88%EC%8B%9D%EC%9D%BC%EC%98%88%EC%88%98%EC%9E%AC%EB%A6%BC%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="제칠일안식일예수재림교회">재림주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EC%82%AC%EB%8F%84%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99" class="mw-redirect" title="신사도운동">신사도운동</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B1%EA%B2%BD%EB%B3%B5%EA%B7%80%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99" class="mw-redirect" title="성경복귀운동">성경복귀운동</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%AC%EC%84%B8%EB%A1%80%ED%8C%8C" title="재세례파">재세례파</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%9B%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%8C%8C" title="후스파">후스파</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%8C%EB%A6%AC%EB%A8%B8%EC%8A%A4_%ED%98%95%EC%A0%9C%EB%8B%A8" title="플리머스 형제단">플리머스 형제단</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%80%98%EC%9D%B4%EC%BB%A4" title="퀘이커">퀘이커</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EB%B0%A9_%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" title="동방 기독교">동방 기독교</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EB%B0%A9_%EC%A0%95%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="동방 정교회">동방 정교회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%94%ED%8A%B8_%EC%A0%95%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="오리엔트 정교회">오리엔트 정교회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%8B%9C%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84_%EB%8F%99%EB%B0%A9%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="아시리아 동방교회">아시리아 동방교회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%99%EB%B0%A9_%EA%B0%80%ED%86%A8%EB%A6%AD%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="동방 가톨릭교회">동방 가톨릭교회</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%ED%9A%8C%EB%B3%B5%EB%90%9C_%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" class="mw-redirect" title="회복된 기독교">회복된 기독교</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EC%88%98_%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%EB%8F%84_%ED%9B%84%EA%B8%B0_%EC%84%B1%EB%8F%84_%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C" title="예수 그리스도 후기 성도 교회">예수 그리스도 후기 성도 교회</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%AC%ED%98%B8%EC%99%80%EC%9D%98_%EC%A6%9D%EC%9D%B8" title="여호와의 증인">여호와의 증인</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%A8%EC%9D%BC%EC%98%A4%EC%88%9C%EC%A0%88%EA%B5%90" title="단일오순절교">단일오순절교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%8B%88%ED%85%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%96%B8%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="유니테리언주의">유니테리언주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%EB%8F%84%EC%95%84%EB%8D%B8%ED%94%BC%EC%95%88" title="그리스도아델피안">그리스도아델피안</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99" class="mw-redirect" title="기독교 운동">기독교 운동</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%AD%EA%B5%90%EB%8F%84_%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99" class="mw-redirect" title="청교도 운동">청교도 운동</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%9C%ED%98%81%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" class="mw-disambig" title="개혁주의">개혁주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B2%BD%EA%B1%B4%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="경건주의">경건주의 운동</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A5%EC%8A%A4%ED%8D%BC%EB%93%9C_%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99" title="옥스퍼드 운동">옥스퍼드 운동</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C_%EC%9D%BC%EC%B9%98_%EC%9A%B4%EB%8F%99" title="교회 일치 운동">교회 일치 운동</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EA%B7%BC%EB%B3%B8%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="기독교 근본주의">기독교 근본주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B5%EC%9D%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="복음주의">복음주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%9C%A0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98_%EC%8B%A0%ED%95%99" title="자유주의 신학">자유주의 신학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EC%A0%95%ED%86%B5%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="신정통주의">신정통주의</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EC%86%8D%EC%8B%A0%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="세속신학">세속신학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EB%B0%A9%EC%8B%A0%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="해방신학">해방신학</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EB%B3%B5%EC%9D%8C%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="신복음주의">신복음주의</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">기타 일반</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%84%A4%EA%B5%90" title="설교">강론·설교</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%84" title="기도">기도</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B5%90%ED%9A%8C%EB%A0%A5" title="교회력">교회력</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%BD%98" title="이콘">성화상</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EC%9D%8C%EC%95%85" title="기독교 음악">음악</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EB%AF%B8%EC%88%A0" title="기독교 미술">미술</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90%EC%99%80_%ED%83%80%EC%A2%85%EA%B5%90%EC%99%80%EC%9D%98_%EA%B4%80%EA%B3%84" class="mw-redirect" title="기독교와 타종교와의 관계">타종교 관계</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90_%EB%B9%84%ED%8C%90" class="mw-redirect" title="기독교 비판">비판</a>《<a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%ED%99%94%EC%A0%81_%EC%98%88%EC%88%98%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="신화적 예수론">신화적 예수</a>》</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="분류"><img alt="분류" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/16px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/24px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg/32px-Folder_Hexagonal_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="31" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" title="분류:기독교">분류</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Christian_cross.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Portal icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/11px-Christian_cross.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/17px-Christian_cross.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Christian_cross.svg/23px-Christian_cross.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="564" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%ED%84%B8:%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90" title="포털:기독교">기독교 포털</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="전거_통제_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=위키데이터에서_편집하기&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34990#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;위키데이터에서_편집하기" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="전거_통제_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=위키데이터에서_편집하기&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34990#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;위키데이터에서_편집하기" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%A0%84%EA%B1%B0_%ED%86%B5%EC%A0%9C" title="위키백과:전거 통제">전거 통제</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34990#identifiers" title="위키데이터에서 편집하기"><img alt="위키데이터에서 편집하기" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">국제</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/177804671">VIAF</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">국가</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058512480806706">카탈루냐</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4226122-3">독일</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007287481705171">이스라엘</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">기타</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/tevrat">이슬람 백과사전</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">원본 주소 "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=토라&oldid=37914574">https://ko.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=토라&oldid=37914574</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98" title="특수:분류">분류</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC" title="분류:토라">토라</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%ED%9E%88%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%96%B4_%EB%82%B1%EB%A7%90" title="분류:히브리어 낱말">히브리어 낱말</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EB%AA%85%EC%88%98_5" title="분류:명수 5">명수 5</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">숨은 분류: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%ED%95%B4%EA%B2%B0%EB%90%98%EC%A7%80_%EC%95%8A%EC%9D%80_%EC%86%8D%EC%84%B1%EC%9D%B4_%EC%9E%88%EB%8A%94_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:해결되지 않은 속성이 있는 문서">해결되지 않은 속성이 있는 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:Harv_%EB%B0%8F_Sfn%EC%97%90_%EB%8C%80%EC%83%81%EC%9D%B4_%EC%97%86%EB%8A%94_%EC%98%A4%EB%A5%98%EA%B0%80_%EC%9E%88%EB%8A%94_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:Harv 및 Sfn에 대상이 없는 오류가 있는 문서">Harv 및 Sfn에 대상이 없는 오류가 있는 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0_%EC%86%8D%EC%84%B1_P18%EC%9D%84_%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%ED%95%98%EB%8A%94_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:위키데이터 속성 P18을 사용하는 문서">위키데이터 속성 P18을 사용하는 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0_%EC%86%8D%EC%84%B1_P373%EC%9D%84_%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%ED%95%98%EB%8A%94_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:위키데이터 속성 P373을 사용하는 문서">위키데이터 속성 P373을 사용하는 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0_%EC%86%8D%EC%84%B1_P227%EC%9D%84_%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%ED%95%98%EB%8A%94_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:위키데이터 속성 P227을 사용하는 문서">위키데이터 속성 P227을 사용하는 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0_%EC%86%8D%EC%84%B1_P7314%EB%A5%BC_%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%ED%95%98%EB%8A%94_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:위키데이터 속성 P7314를 사용하는 문서">위키데이터 속성 P7314를 사용하는 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0_%EC%86%8D%EC%84%B1_P7859%EB%A5%BC_%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%ED%95%98%EB%8A%94_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:위키데이터 속성 P7859를 사용하는 문서">위키데이터 속성 P7859를 사용하는 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0_%EC%86%8D%EC%84%B1_P8189%EB%A5%BC_%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%ED%95%98%EB%8A%94_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:위키데이터 속성 P8189를 사용하는 문서">위키데이터 속성 P8189를 사용하는 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0_%EC%86%8D%EC%84%B1_P9984%EB%A5%BC_%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%ED%95%98%EB%8A%94_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:위키데이터 속성 P9984를 사용하는 문서">위키데이터 속성 P9984를 사용하는 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:%ED%9E%88%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%96%B4_%ED%91%9C%EA%B8%B0%EB%A5%BC_%ED%8F%AC%ED%95%A8%ED%95%9C_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:히브리어 표기를 포함한 문서">히브리어 표기를 포함한 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:VIAF_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90%EB%A5%BC_%ED%8F%AC%ED%95%A8%ED%95%9C_%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:VIAF 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서">VIAF 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:CANTICN_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90%EB%A5%BC_%ED%8F%AC%ED%95%A8%ED%95%9C_%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:CANTICN 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서">CANTICN 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:GND_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90%EB%A5%BC_%ED%8F%AC%ED%95%A8%ED%95%9C_%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:GND 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서">GND 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:J9U_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90%EB%A5%BC_%ED%8F%AC%ED%95%A8%ED%95%9C_%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:J9U 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서">J9U 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%EB%B6%84%EB%A5%98:TDV%C4%B0A_%EC%8B%9D%EB%B3%84%EC%9E%90%EB%A5%BC_%ED%8F%AC%ED%95%A8%ED%95%9C_%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC_%EB%AC%B8%EC%84%9C" title="분류:TDVİA 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서">TDVİA 식별자를 포함한 위키백과 문서</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> 이 문서는 2024년 9월 28일 (토) 15:33에 마지막으로 편집되었습니다.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">모든 문서는 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ko">크리에이티브 커먼즈 저작자표시-동일조건변경허락 4.0</a>에 따라 사용할 수 있으며, 추가적인 조건이 적용될 수 있습니다. 자세한 내용은 <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use/ko">이용 약관</a>을 참고하십시오.<br />Wikipedia®는 미국 및 다른 국가에 등록되어 있는 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikimediafoundation.org">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a> 소유의 등록 상표입니다.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">개인정보처리방침</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C">위키백과 소개</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EB%A9%B4%EC%B1%85_%EC%A1%B0%ED%95%AD">면책 조항</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">행동 강령</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">개발자</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ko.wikipedia.org">통계</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">쿠키 정책</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ko.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">모바일 보기</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-c8f7t","wgBackendResponseTime":170,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.552","walltime":"0.821","ppvisitednodes":{"value":2520,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":147607,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2223,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":13,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":6,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":62057,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 647.721 1 -total"," 22.30% 144.469 1 틀:위키데이터_속성_추적"," 20.07% 130.025 2 틀:접이식_사이드바"," 19.70% 127.581 1 틀:유대교"," 14.34% 92.862 6 틀:인용"," 12.53% 81.156 6 틀:둘러보기_상자"," 11.45% 74.140 1 틀:위키공용분류"," 11.02% 71.403 1 틀:Sister"," 10.75% 69.629 1 틀:사이드_박스"," 6.71% 43.484 1 틀:If_then_show"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.251","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6319426,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Efn\"] = 5,\n [\"Llang\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 9,\n [\"각주\"] = 1,\n [\"구약성경 둘러보기(로마 가톨릭교회)\"] = 1,\n [\"기독교\"] = 1,\n [\"기독교 둘러보기\"] = 1,\n [\"다른 뜻\"] = 1,\n [\"웹 인용\"] = 1,\n [\"위키공용분류\"] = 1,\n [\"위키데이터 속성 추적\"] = 1,\n [\"유대교\"] = 1,\n [\"인용\"] = 6,\n [\"전거 통제\"] = 1,\n [\"타나크 둘러보기\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-664bdf464b-c57xd","timestamp":"20241128150622","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\ud1a0\ub77c","url":"https:\/\/ko.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%ED%86%A0%EB%9D%BC","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q34990","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q34990","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\uc704\ud0a4\ubbf8\ub514\uc5b4 \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8 \uae30\uc5ec\uc790"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-04-04T14:33:47Z","dateModified":"2024-09-28T06:33:59Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/5\/56\/Tora_JMW.jpg","headline":"\uad6c\uc57d\uc131\uc11c\uc758 \uccab \ub2e4\uc12f \ud3b8"}</script> </body> </html>