CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Geography of Libya - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"5e6197b3-3f07-4657-a51a-a7a0ef6451c2","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Geography_of_Libya","wgTitle":"Geography of Libya","wgCurRevisionId":1258814738,"wgRevisionId":1258814738,"wgArticleId":17802,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Webarchive template wayback links","CS1 German-language sources (de)","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles needing additional references from April 2019","All articles needing additional references","Source attribution","Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the World Factbook","Geography of Libya"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName": "Geography_of_Libya","wgRelevantArticleId":17802,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q30645","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile", "model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher", "ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/LocationLibya.svg/1200px-LocationLibya.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="600"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/LocationLibya.svg/800px-LocationLibya.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="400"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/LocationLibya.svg/640px-LocationLibya.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="320"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Geography of Libya - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Libya"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Libya"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Geography_of_Libya rootpage-Geography_of_Libya skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Geography+of+Libya" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Geography+of+Libya" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Geography+of+Libya" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Geography+of+Libya" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Geographical_summary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geographical_summary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Geographical summary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geographical_summary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Area_and_boundaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Area_and_boundaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Area and boundaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Area_and_boundaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate_and_hydrology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate_and_hydrology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Climate and hydrology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate_and_hydrology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Terrain_and_land_use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terrain_and_land_use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Terrain and land use</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terrain_and_land_use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Environmental issues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environmental_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Extreme_points" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Extreme_points"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Extreme points</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Extreme_points-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Geography of Libya</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 22 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="جغرافيا ليبيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جغرافيا ليبيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xeograf%C3%ADa_de_Libia" title="Xeografía de Libia – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xeografía de Libia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="География на Либия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="География на Либия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%89%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9B%CE%B9%CE%B2%CF%8D%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Γεωγραφία της Λιβύης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γεωγραφία της Λιβύης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geograf%C3%ADa_de_Libia" title="Geografía de Libia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Geografía de Libia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="جغرافیای لیبی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جغرافیای لیبی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9ographie_de_la_Libye" title="Géographie de la Libye – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Géographie de la Libye" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%8Cn%E1%BB%8Dd%E1%BB%A5_ala_nke_Libya" title="Ọnọdụ ala nke Libya – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ọnọdụ ala nke Libya" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geografia_della_Libia" title="Geografia della Libia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Geografia della Libia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ლიბიის გეოგრაფია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლიბიის გეოგრაფია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libijos_geografija" title="Libijos geografija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Libijos geografija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geografi_Libya" title="Geografi Libya – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Geografi Libya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libyas_geografi" title="Libyas geografi – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Libyas geografi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geografia_Libii" title="Geografia Libii – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Geografia Libii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geografia_da_L%C3%ADbia" title="Geografia da Líbia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Geografia da Líbia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="География Ливии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="География Ливии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjeografia_e_Libis%C3%AB" title="Gjeografia e Libisë – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjeografia e Libisë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Географија Либије – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Географија Либије" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%97" title="Географія Лівії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Географія Лівії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giografia_de_la_Libia" title="Giografia de la Libia – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Giografia de la Libia" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%E1%BA%B9%CC%81%E1%BB%8D%CC%81gr%C3%A1f%C3%AC_il%E1%BA%B9%CC%80_L%C3%ADby%C3%A0" title="Jẹ́ọ́gráfì ilẹ̀ Líbyà – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Jẹ́ọ́gráfì ilẹ̀ Líbyà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86" title="利比亞地理 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="利比亞地理" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q30645#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Libya" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Geography_of_Libya" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Libya"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Libya"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Geography_of_Libya" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Geography_of_Libya" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&oldid=1258814738" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Geography_of_Libya&id=1258814738&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FGeography_of_Libya"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FGeography_of_Libya"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Geography_of_Libya&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Geography_of_Libya" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q30645" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Geography_of_Libya" title="Special:EditPage/Geography of Libya">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Geography+of+Libya%22">"Geography of Libya"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Geography+of+Libya%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Geography+of+Libya%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Geography+of+Libya%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Geography+of+Libya%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Geography+of+Libya%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LocationLibya.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/LocationLibya.svg/350px-LocationLibya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/LocationLibya.svg/525px-LocationLibya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/LocationLibya.svg/700px-LocationLibya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Libya's location.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> is the fourth largest country in <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a> and the sixteenth largest country in the world. It is on the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean">Mediterranean</a> with <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> to the east, <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> to the northwest, <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> to the west, <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a> to the south, and <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> to the southeast. Although the <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">oil</a> discoveries of the 1960s have brought immense wealth, at the time of its independence it was an extremely poor desert state whose only important physical asset appeared to be its strategic location at the midpoint of Africa's northern rim. </p><p>Libya lay within easy reach of the major European nations and linked the <a href="/wiki/Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab">Arab</a> countries of <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a> with those of the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>, facts that throughout history had made its urban centres bustling crossroads rather than isolated backwaters without external social influences. Consequently, an immense social gap developed between the cities, cosmopolitan and peopled largely by foreigners, and the desert hinterland, where tribal chieftains ruled in isolation and where social change was minimal. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geographical_summary">Geographical summary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geographical summary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Libya_Topography.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Libya_Topography.png/350px-Libya_Topography.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="318" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Libya_Topography.png/525px-Libya_Topography.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Libya_Topography.png/700px-Libya_Topography.png 2x" data-file-width="1180" data-file-height="1071" /></a><figcaption>Libya's topography.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Mediterranean coast and the <a href="/wiki/Sahara_Desert" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahara Desert">Sahara Desert</a> are the country's most prominent natural features. There are several highlands but no true mountain ranges except in the largely empty southern desert near the Chadian border, where the <a href="/wiki/Tibesti_Massif" class="mw-redirect" title="Tibesti Massif">Tibesti Massif</a> rises to over 2,200 metres. A relatively narrow coastal strip and highland steppes immediately south of it are the most productive agricultural regions. Still farther south a pastoral zone of sparse grassland gives way to the vast <a href="/wiki/Sahara_Desert" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahara Desert">Sahara Desert</a>, a barren wasteland of rocky plateaus and sand. It supports minimal human habitation, and <a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">agriculture</a> is possible only in a few scattered <a href="/wiki/Oasis" title="Oasis">oases</a>. </p><p>The Sahara desert is connected to the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Sidra" title="Gulf of Sidra">Gulf of Sidra</a> on the coast by a barren zone, known as the Sirtica, which has great historical significance. </p><p>Along the shore of Tripolitania for more than 300 km, coastal oases alternate with sandy areas and lagoons. Inland from these lies the Jifarah Plain, a triangular area of some 15,000 square km. About 120 km inland the plain terminates in an escarpment that rises to form the <a href="/wiki/Nafusa_Mountains" title="Nafusa Mountains">Nafusa Mountains</a>, with elevations of up to 1,000 metres, which is the northern edge of the Tripolitanian Plateau.<sup id="cite_ref-BarichGarcea2015_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarichGarcea2015-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Cyrenaica there are fewer coastal oases, and the Marj Plain – the lowland area corresponding to the Jifarah Plain of Tripolitania – covers a much smaller area. The lowlands form a crescent about 210 km long between <a href="/wiki/Benghazi" title="Benghazi">Benghazi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Derna,_Libya" title="Derna, Libya">Derna</a> and extend inland a maximum of 50 km. Elsewhere along the Cyrenaican coast, the precipice of an arid plateau reaches to the sea. Behind the Marj Plain, the terrain rises abruptly to form <a href="/wiki/Jebel_Akhdar_(Libya)" title="Jebel Akhdar (Libya)">Jabal al Akhdar</a> (Green Mountain), so called because of its leafy cover of <a href="/wiki/Pine" title="Pine">pine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juniper" title="Juniper">juniper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cypress" title="Cypress">cypress</a>, and wild <a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">olive</a>. It is a <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> plateau with maximum altitudes of about 900 metres. </p><p>From Jabal al Akhdar, Cyrenaica extends southward across a barren grazing belt that gives way to the Sahara Desert, which extends still farther southwest across the Chadian frontier. Unlike Cyrenaica, Tripolitania does not extend southward into the desert. The southwestern desert region, known as Fezzan, was administered separately during both the Italian regime and the federal period of the Libyan monarchy. The large dune seas known as <a href="/wiki/Erg_(landform)" title="Erg (landform)">ergs</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Idehan_Ubari" title="Idehan Ubari">Idehan Ubari</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Idehan_Murzuq" class="mw-redirect" title="Idehan Murzuq">Idehan Murzuq</a> cover much of the land of Fezzan. </p><p>In 1969 the revolutionary government officially changed the regional designation of Tripolitania to Western Libya, of Cyrenaica to Eastern Libya, and of Fezzan to Southern Libya; however, the old names were intimately associated with the history of the area, and during the 1970s they continued to be used frequently. Cyrenaica comprises 51%, Fezzan 33%, and Tripolitania 16% of the country's area. </p><p>Before Libya achieved independence, its name was seldom used other than as a somewhat imprecise geographical expression. The people preferred to be referred to as natives of one of the three constituent regions. The separateness of the regions is much more than simply geographical and political, for they have evolved largely as different socioeconomic entities – each with a culture, social structure, and values different from the others. Cyrenaica became Arabized at a somewhat earlier date than Tripolitania, and Beduin tribes dominated it. The residual strain of the indigenous Berber inhabitants, however, still remains in Tripolitania. Fezzan has remained a kind of North African outback, its oases peopled largely by minority ethnic groups. </p><p>The border between Tripolitania and Tunisia is subject to countless crossings by legal and illegal migrants. No natural frontier marks the border, and the ethnic composition, language, value systems, and traditions of the two peoples are nearly identical. The Cyrenaica region is contiguous with Egypt, and here, too, the border is not naturally defined; illegal as well as legal crossings are frequent. In contrast, Fezzan's borders with Algeria, Niger, and Chad are seldom crossed because of the almost total emptiness of the desert countryside. </p><p>Other factors, too, such as the traditional forms of land tenure, have varied in the different regions. In the 1980s their degrees of separation were still sufficiently pronounced to represent a significant obstacle to efforts toward achieving a fully unified Libya. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Area_and_boundaries">Area and boundaries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Area and boundaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dust_storm_over_Libya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Dust_storm_over_Libya.jpg/300px-Dust_storm_over_Libya.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Dust_storm_over_Libya.jpg/450px-Dust_storm_over_Libya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Dust_storm_over_Libya.jpg/600px-Dust_storm_over_Libya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1556" /></a><figcaption>A dust storm over the <a href="/wiki/Tripolitania" title="Tripolitania">Tripolitania</a> region of Libya. Over 90% of Libya is desert.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Area:</b> <br /><i>Total:</i> 1 759 540 km<sup>2</sup> <br /><i>Land:</i> 1 759 540 km<sup>2</sup> <br /><i>Water:</i> 0 km<sup>2</sup> </p><p><b>Area - comparative:</b> Libya is the fourth largest country in Africa, seven times the size of the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, and slightly larger than <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a>. </p><p><b>Land boundaries:</b> <br /><i>Total:</i> 4 348 km <br /><i>Border countries:</i> <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> 982 km, <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a> 1,055 km, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> 1,115 km, <a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a> 354 km, <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> 383 km, <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> 459 km </p><p><b>Coastline:</b> 1,770 km </p><p><b>Maritime claims:</b> <br /><i>Territorial sea:</i> 12 <a href="/wiki/Nautical_mile" title="Nautical mile">nmi</a> (22.2 km; 13.8 mi) <br /><i>note:</i> <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Sidra" title="Gulf of Sidra">Gulf of Sidra</a> closing line – 32 degrees, 30 minutes north. <br /><i><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone" title="Exclusive economic zone">Exclusive economic zone</a>:</i> 351,589 km<sup>2</sup> (135,749.3 sq mi) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate_and_hydrology">Climate and hydrology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Climate and hydrology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_the_Middle_East_and_North_Africa" title="Climate change in the Middle East and North Africa">Climate change in the Middle East and North Africa</a></div><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Koppen-Geiger_Map_LBY_present.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Koppen-Geiger_Map_LBY_present.svg/300px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_LBY_present.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Koppen-Geiger_Map_LBY_present.svg/450px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_LBY_present.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Koppen-Geiger_Map_LBY_present.svg/600px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_LBY_present.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1396" data-file-height="850" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a> types in Libya.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Libya_5210_Wan_Caza_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Libya_5210_Wan_Caza_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpg/300px-Libya_5210_Wan_Caza_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Libya_5210_Wan_Caza_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpg/450px-Libya_5210_Wan_Caza_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Libya_5210_Wan_Caza_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpg/600px-Libya_5210_Wan_Caza_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption>Wan Caza sand dunes in the Sahara Desert region of <a href="/wiki/Fezzan" title="Fezzan">Fezzan</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jabal_Al_Akdhar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Jabal_Al_Akdhar.jpg/300px-Jabal_Al_Akdhar.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Jabal_Al_Akdhar.jpg/450px-Jabal_Al_Akdhar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Jabal_Al_Akdhar.jpg/600px-Jabal_Al_Akdhar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="605" data-file-height="454" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Jebel_Akhdar,_Libya" class="mw-redirect" title="Jebel Akhdar, Libya">Jabal Al Akdhar</a> area. Annual rainfall averages at between 400 and 600 millimetres (15.7 and 23.6 in).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bayda-Snow.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Bayda-Snow.jpg/300px-Bayda-Snow.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Bayda-Snow.jpg/450px-Bayda-Snow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Bayda-Snow.jpg/600px-Bayda-Snow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="448" /></a><figcaption>Snow in <a href="/wiki/Bayda,_Libya" title="Bayda, Libya">Bayda</a>, Libya's Fourth largest city</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Benghazi_coast.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Benghazi_coast.jpg/300px-Benghazi_coast.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Benghazi_coast.jpg/450px-Benghazi_coast.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Benghazi_coast.jpg 2x" data-file-width="584" data-file-height="438" /></a><figcaption>The coastline of <a href="/wiki/Benghazi" title="Benghazi">Benghazi</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Cyrenaica" title="Cyrenaica">Cyrenaica</a>, Libya's east. Libya has the longest <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean">Mediterranean</a> <a href="/wiki/Coastline" class="mw-redirect" title="Coastline">coastline</a> among African nations.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Water_Stress,_Top_Countries_(2020).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Water_Stress%2C_Top_Countries_%282020%29.svg/220px-Water_Stress%2C_Top_Countries_%282020%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Water_Stress%2C_Top_Countries_%282020%29.svg/330px-Water_Stress%2C_Top_Countries_%282020%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Water_Stress%2C_Top_Countries_%282020%29.svg/440px-Water_Stress%2C_Top_Countries_%282020%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="265" /></a><figcaption>Libya is the fourth most water stressed country in the world.</figcaption></figure> <p>Within Libya as many as five different climatic zones have been recognized, but the dominant climates are the <a href="/wiki/Hot-summer_Mediterranean_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot-summer Mediterranean climate">hot-summer Mediterranean climate</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Hot_desert_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot desert climate">hot desert climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a> <i>Csa</i> and <i>BWh</i>). In most of the coastal lowland, the climate is Mediterranean, with hot or very hot summers and extremely mild winters. Rainfall is scant expect in Highlands of northeast Libya . </p><p>The weather is cooler in the highlands, and frosts occur at maximum elevations. In the desert interior, despite the relatively high elevation, the climate has long, extremely hot summers and high diurnal temperature ranges due to the permanence of cloudless skies and excessively dry atmosphere. The highest purported temperature ever recorded was on 13 September 1922 at <a href="/wiki/%27Aziziya" class="mw-redirect" title="'Aziziya">'Aziziya</a>, Libya,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but in 2012 the <a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization" title="World Meteorological Organization">World Meteorological Organization</a> <a href="/wiki/%27Aziziya#Geography_and_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="'Aziziya">discredited the dubious reading</a> and stated that <a href="/wiki/Furnace_Creek,_California" title="Furnace Creek, California">Furnace Creek</a> in <a href="/wiki/Death_Valley" title="Death Valley">Death Valley</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> had recorded the real highest temperature in the world at 56.7 °C (134.1 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-newRecord_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newRecord-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Less than 2% of the national territory receives enough rainfall for settled agriculture, the heaviest precipitation occurring in the Jabal al Akhdar zone of Cyrenaica, where annual rainfall of 400 to 600 mm (15.7 to 23.6 in) is recorded. All other areas of the country receive less than 400 mm (15.7 in), and in the Sahara Desert 50 mm (1.97 in) or less occurs. Rainfall is often erratic, and a pronounced <a href="/wiki/Drought" title="Drought">drought</a> may extend over two seasons. For example, epic floods in 1945 left Tripoli underwater for several days, but two years later an unprecedentedly severe drought caused the loss of thousands of head of cattle. </p><p>The small number of rivers and streams are freshwater and found uncommon and mostly found in northeast range and a small perennial river - lake is occuring in northwest and the approximately twenty perennial lakes are brackish or salty. in Tibesti mountains near Chad borders , there's as many as five flowing rivers into southern Libya . In 1987 these circumstances severely limited the country's agricultural potential as a basis for the sound and varied economy <a href="/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi">Gaddafi</a> sought to establish. The allocation of limited water is considered of sufficient importance to warrant the existence of the Secretariat of Dams and Water Resources, and damaging a source of water can be punished by a heavy fine or imprisonment. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Libya_Topography.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Libya_Topography.png/220px-Libya_Topography.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Libya_Topography.png/330px-Libya_Topography.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Libya_Topography.png/440px-Libya_Topography.png 2x" data-file-width="1180" data-file-height="1071" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>The government has constructed a network of <a href="/wiki/Dam" title="Dam">dams</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wadi" title="Wadi">wadis</a>, dry watercourses that become torrents after heavy rains. These dams are used both as water reservoirs and for flood and erosion control. The wadis are heavily settled because soil in their bottoms is often suitable for agriculture, and the high water table in their vicinity makes them logical locations for digging wells. In many wadis, however, the water table is declining at an alarming rate, particularly in areas of <a href="/wiki/Intensive_agriculture" class="mw-redirect" title="Intensive agriculture">intensive agriculture</a> and near urban centers. The government has expressed concern over this problem and because of it has diverted water development projects, particularly around Tripoli, to localities where the demand on underground water resources is less intense. It has also undertaken extensive reforestation projects. </p><p>There are also numerous <a href="/wiki/Spring_(hydrosphere)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spring (hydrosphere)">springs</a>, those best suited for future development occurring along the scarp faces of the Jabal Nafusah and the Jabal al Akhdar. The most talked-about of the water resources, however, are the great subterranean aquifers of the desert. The best known of these lies beneath Kufra Oasis in southeastern Cyrenaica. An aquifer with even greater reputed capacity is located near the oasis community of Sabha in the southwestern desert. </p><p>In the late 1970s, wells were drilled at Kufra and at Sabha as part of a major agricultural development effort. An even larger undertaking is the so-called Great Manmade River, initiated in 1984. It is intended to tap the tremendous aquifers of the Kufra, Sarir, and Sabha oases and to carry the resulting water to the Mediterranean coast for use in irrigation and industrial projects. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Tripoli,_Libya" title="Tripoli, Libya">Tripoli</a> (1961–1990, extremes 1944–1993) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.2<br />(90.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.3<br />(95.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF0A00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.0<br />(104.0) </td> <td style="background: #F50000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.2<br />(108.0) </td> <td style="background: #C60000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45.6<br />(114.1) </td> <td style="background: #A80000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">47.8<br />(118.0) </td> <td style="background: #A10000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">48.3<br />(118.9) </td> <td style="background: #A10000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">48.3<br />(118.9) </td> <td style="background: #B00000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">47.2<br />(117.0) </td> <td style="background: #F50000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.2<br />(108.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.2<br />(99.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.1<br />(88.0) </td> <td style="background: #A10000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">48.3<br />(118.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9A35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.1<br />(66.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8F1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.7<br />(69.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.7<br />(74.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.1<br />(80.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.4<br />(86.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.7<br />(89.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF3D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.6<br />(90.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.0<br />(87.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.7<br />(81.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.3<br />(73.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">25.4<br />(77.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFC184; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.4<br />(56.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0<br />(60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.7<br />(65.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9<br />(71.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.3<br />(77.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.7<br />(80.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.7<br />(81.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.2<br />(79.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9<br />(73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4<br />(65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.6<br />(58.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">20.5<br />(68.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFE0C2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9<br />(48.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFDCBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5<br />(49.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD0A2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2<br />(52.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.7<br />(56.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7<br />(62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9327; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1<br />(68.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br />(71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7<br />(72.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.4<br />(70.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA144; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.0<br />(64.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC184; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.4<br />(56.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.6<br />(30.9) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.6<br />(30.9) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6<br />(33.1) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.8<br />(37.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2<br />(54.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.9<br />(57.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.8<br />(53.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF0E2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.6<br />(43.9) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(34.0) </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.3<br />(29.7) </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−1.3<br />(29.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #A2FFA2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.1<br />(2.44) </td> <td style="background: #CAFFCA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.2<br />(1.27) </td> <td style="background: #D2FFD2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.6<br />(1.17) </td> <td style="background: #E8FFE8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(0.56) </td> <td style="background: #F8FFF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6<br />(0.18) </td> <td style="background: #FCFFFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3<br />(0.05) </td> <td style="background: #FDFFFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.7<br />(0.03) </td> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(0.00) </td> <td style="background: #E5FFE5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7<br />(0.66) </td> <td style="background: #B9FFB9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46.6<br />(1.83) </td> <td style="background: #A5FFA5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.2<br />(2.29) </td> <td style="background: #9AFF9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.5<br />(2.66) </td> <td style="background: #D4FFD4; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">333.9<br />(13.15) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #8B8BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4 </td> <td style="background: #B7B7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8 </td> <td style="background: #D4D4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3 </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.5 </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.3 </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8 </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9 </td> <td style="background: #8E8EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1 </td> <td style="background: #C2C2FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">57.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0202FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66 </td> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #2121FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">58 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">55 </td> <td style="background: #3434FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">53 </td> <td style="background: #4343FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">49 </td> <td style="background: #4343FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">49 </td> <td style="background: #3B3BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">51 </td> <td style="background: #2424FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">57 </td> <td style="background: #1919FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">60 </td> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65 </td> <td style="background: #2424FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">57 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #CDCD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">170.5 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">189.3 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">226.3 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">255.0 </td> <td style="background: #F0F00F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">306.9 </td> <td style="background: #F0F00F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">297.0 </td> <td style="background: #FBFB2A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">356.5 </td> <td style="background: #F7F720; color:#000000;" class="notheme">337.9 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">258.0 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">226.3 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">186.0 </td> <td style="background: #CACA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">164.3 </td> <td style="background: #E3E300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,974 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #CECE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.7 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5 </td> <td style="background: #F1F111; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9 </td> <td style="background: #F1F111; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9 </td> <td style="background: #FCFC2D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5 </td> <td style="background: #F8F823; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.6 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2 </td> <td style="background: #CBCB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3 </td> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">8.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization" title="World Meteorological Organization">World Meteorological Organization</a><sup id="cite_ref-tripoliwmo_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tripoliwmo-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a href="/wiki/Deutscher_Wetterdienst" title="Deutscher Wetterdienst">Deutscher Wetterdienst</a> (extremes and humidity),<sup id="cite_ref-tripoliDWD_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tripoliDWD-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arab Meteorology Book (sun only)<sup id="cite_ref-Tripoliclimate_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tripoliclimate-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Benghazi (<a href="/wiki/Benina_International_Airport" title="Benina International Airport">Benina International Airport</a>) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.3<br />(79.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.7<br />(89.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.0<br />(102.2) </td> <td style="background: #D10000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">44.8<br />(112.6) </td> <td style="background: #C60000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45.6<br />(114.1) </td> <td style="background: #F20000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.4<br />(108.3) </td> <td style="background: #DD0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">43.9<br />(111.0) </td> <td style="background: #F60000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.1<br />(107.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.3<br />(100.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF1D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.2<br />(99.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.0<br />(86.0) </td> <td style="background: #C60000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">45.6<br />(114.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7<br />(62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA144; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.0<br />(64.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9225; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.3<br />(68.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.7<br />(76.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.9<br />(84.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.8<br />(89.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.7<br />(89.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF3F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.3<br />(90.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.8<br />(87.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.8<br />(82.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.2<br />(73.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4<br />(65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">25.4<br />(77.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFC790; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.5<br />(54.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFC387; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.2<br />(55.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9<br />(58.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.7<br />(65.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.9<br />(78.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.5<br />(79.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.1<br />(77.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.1<br />(71.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2<br />(64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.1<br />(57.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF942A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">19.9<br />(67.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3<br />(46.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4C9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4<br />(47.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFDCBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5<br />(49.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.8<br />(55.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0<br />(60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.2<br />(66.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9226; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.2<br />(68.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.8<br />(69.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4<br />(66.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5<br />(61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.5<br />(58.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7<br />(35.1) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7<br />(35.1) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7<br />(35.1) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1<br />(43.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8<br />(58.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.4<br />(57.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8<br />(51.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF7EF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.6<br />(42.1) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1.7<br />(35.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #9BFF9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67<br />(2.6) </td> <td style="background: #BAFFBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42<br />(1.7) </td> <td style="background: #D3FFD3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29<br />(1.1) </td> <td style="background: #F1FFF1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9<br />(0.4) </td> <td style="background: #F9FFF9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4<br />(0.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #F8FFF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4<br />(0.2) </td> <td style="background: #E4FFE4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18<br />(0.7) </td> <td style="background: #D0FFD0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30<br />(1.2) </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65<br />(2.6) </td> <td style="background: #DCFFDC; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">270<br />(10.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #5E5EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13 </td> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #B2B2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6 </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12 </td> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">55 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #2121FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">58 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">55 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">55 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0606FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65 </td> <td style="background: #0A0AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64 </td> <td style="background: #0000F2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70 </td> <td style="background: #0000E2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74 </td> <td style="background: #0202FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">66 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">201.5 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">220.4 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">244.9 </td> <td style="background: #E8E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">264.0 </td> <td style="background: #F4F419; color:#000000;" class="notheme">325.5 </td> <td style="background: #F9F925; color:#000000;" class="notheme">336.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF3D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">390.6 </td> <td style="background: #FDFD2F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">365.8 </td> <td style="background: #EEEE0B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">291.0 </td> <td style="background: #E2E200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">248.0 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">222.0 </td> <td style="background: #CDCD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">170.5 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">3,280.2 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5 </td> <td style="background: #E2E200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8 </td> <td style="background: #E2E200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.9 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 </td> <td style="background: #F5F51C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5 </td> <td style="background: #FAFA28; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6 </td> <td style="background: #FEFE32; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.8 </td> <td style="background: #EFEF0E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7 </td> <td style="background: #E3E300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4 </td> <td style="background: #CECE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5 </td> <td style="background: #EAEA02; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/Deutscher_Wetterdienst" title="Deutscher Wetterdienst">Deutscher Wetterdienst</a><sup id="cite_ref-BenghaziDWD_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BenghaziDWD-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: Arab Meteorology Book (sun only)<sup id="cite_ref-Benghaziclimate_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Benghaziclimate-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Sabha,_Libya" title="Sabha, Libya">Sabha</a> (1962–1990) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.9<br />(66.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.0<br />(71.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.1<br />(79.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.8<br />(89.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF2700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.7<br />(96.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF0F00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.2<br />(102.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.3<br />(100.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF1900; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">37.8<br />(100.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.9<br />(96.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.3<br />(88.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.9<br />(76.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">30.2<br />(86.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFCD9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7<br />(53.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.4<br />(57.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4<br />(65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.9<br />(82.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.4<br />(88.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.7<br />(87.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.4<br />(86.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.6<br />(83.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1<br />(75.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA347; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.8<br />(64.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.9<br />(55.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">22.7<br />(72.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5<br />(40.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8<br />(44.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4AA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6<br />(51.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB061; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.9<br />(60.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9327; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1<br />(68.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.6<br />(74.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9<br />(73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA954; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.9<br />(62.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4A9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7<br />(51.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6EE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.7<br />(42.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.2<br />(59.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #FDFFFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(0.04) </td> <td style="background: #FDFFFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8<br />(0.03) </td> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5<br />(0.02) </td> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5<br />(0.02) </td> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3<br />(0.01) </td> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5<br />(0.02) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4<br />(0.02) </td> <td style="background: #FBFFFB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.1<br />(0.08) </td> <td style="background: #FDFFFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9<br />(0.04) </td> <td style="background: #FDFFFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(0.04) </td> <td style="background: #FDFFFD; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">8.2<br />(0.32) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2.9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #5E5EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42 </td> <td style="background: #7171FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37 </td> <td style="background: #8888FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31 </td> <td style="background: #AAAAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22 </td> <td style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27 </td> <td style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27 </td> <td style="background: #8484FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32 </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30 </td> <td style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27 </td> <td style="background: #9090FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29 </td> <td style="background: #6D6DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38 </td> <td style="background: #6666FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40 </td> <td style="background: #8484FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">32 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">260 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">252 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">269 </td> <td style="background: #EAEA02; color:#000000;" class="notheme">275 </td> <td style="background: #EFEF0D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">304 </td> <td style="background: #FAFA28; color:#000000;" class="notheme">341 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF34; color:#000000;" class="notheme">375 </td> <td style="background: #FCFC2C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">361 </td> <td style="background: #EFEF0E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">295 </td> <td style="background: #EAEA02; color:#000000;" class="notheme">284 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">258 </td> <td style="background: #E3E300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">252 </td> <td style="background: #EEEE0B; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">3,526 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization" title="World Meteorological Organization">World Meteorological Organization</a><sup id="cite_ref-SabhaWMO_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SabhaWMO-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a href="/wiki/Deutscher_Wetterdienst" title="Deutscher Wetterdienst">Deutscher Wetterdienst</a> (humidity and sun 1961–1990)<sup id="cite_ref-DWDsabha_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DWDsabha-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DWDsun_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DWDsun-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Kufra" title="Kufra">Kufra</a> (Altitude: 435 m or 1,427 ft) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.0<br />(69.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.0<br />(82.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.0<br />(91.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.0<br />(98.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.0<br />(102.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.0<br />(95.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.0<br />(89.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.0<br />(80.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.0<br />(71.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4700; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">31.1<br />(88.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.0<br />(55.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.0<br />(75.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.5<br />(83.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.5<br />(86.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.5<br />(86.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.5<br />(86.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.5<br />(81.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.5<br />(76.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.0<br />(57.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0<br />(44.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0<br />(51.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.0<br />(71.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.0<br />(62.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0<br />(51.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0<br />(42.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FDFFFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1<br />(0.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days </th> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">0 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #5252FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45 </td> <td style="background: #6D6DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38 </td> <td style="background: #8080FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33 </td> <td style="background: #9393FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28 </td> <td style="background: #A3A3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24 </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23 </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23 </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23 </td> <td style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27 </td> <td style="background: #8888FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31 </td> <td style="background: #5E5EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42 </td> <td style="background: #4747FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">48 </td> <td style="background: #8484FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">32 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">279 </td> <td style="background: #EBEB04; color:#000000;" class="notheme">262 </td> <td style="background: #EDED08; color:#000000;" class="notheme">294 </td> <td style="background: #EDED09; color:#000000;" class="notheme">286 </td> <td style="background: #EFEF0E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">306 </td> <td style="background: #FAFA28; color:#000000;" class="notheme">342 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">384 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF34; color:#000000;" class="notheme">374 </td> <td style="background: #F1F111; color:#000000;" class="notheme">301 </td> <td style="background: #EEEE0A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">298 </td> <td style="background: #EEEE0C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">292 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">266 </td> <td style="background: #F1F112; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">3,689 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Percent <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">possible sunshine</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFFFBD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFB9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFAD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFC1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFE2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFE6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFC1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFBD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFD6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFBD; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">84 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <b>Climatemps.com</b><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Bayda,_Libya" title="Bayda, Libya">Bayda</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFCC9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.8<br />(53.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.9<br />(55.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF962E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.6<br />(67.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.4<br />(74.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.2<br />(81.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.9<br />(80.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.7<br />(80.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.7<br />(74.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5<br />(58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9021; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">20.6<br />(69.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFE7D0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.9<br />(46.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4C9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4<br />(47.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4AA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6<br />(51.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.7<br />(56.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA851; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.1<br />(62.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9021; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.6<br />(69.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.4<br />(70.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.4<br />(70.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.2<br />(57.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7AF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.3<br />(50.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.3<br />(59.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0<br />(39.2) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0<br />(39.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF7EF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.6<br />(42.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8<br />(46.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8<br />(51.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.0<br />(57.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0<br />(60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.1<br />(61.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5<br />(58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC78F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.6<br />(54.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0<br />(48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1<br />(41.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">10.0<br />(49.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #4AFF4A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">121<br />(4.8) </td> <td style="background: #53FF53; color:#000000;" class="notheme">105<br />(4.1) </td> <td style="background: #A8FFA8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58<br />(2.3) </td> <td style="background: #D8FFD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25<br />(1.0) </td> <td style="background: #F1FFF1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9<br />(0.4) </td> <td style="background: #FBFFFB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2<br />(0.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #F5FFF5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6<br />(0.2) </td> <td style="background: #C6FFC6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38<br />(1.5) </td> <td style="background: #AAFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55<br />(2.2) </td> <td style="background: #4AFF4A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">121<br />(4.8) </td> <td style="background: #BAFFBA; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">540<br />(21.4) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Climate-data.org<sup id="cite_ref-Baydaclimatecd_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Baydaclimatecd-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Terrain_and_land_use">Terrain and land use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Terrain and land use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Terrain:</b> mostly barren, flat to undulating plains, plateaus, depressions </p><p><b>Elevation extremes:</b> <br /><i>lowest point:</i> <a href="/wiki/Sabkhat_Ghuzayyil" title="Sabkhat Ghuzayyil">Sabkhat Ghuzayyil</a> -47 m <br /><i>highest point:</i> <a href="/wiki/Bikku_Bitti" title="Bikku Bitti">Bikku Bitti</a> 2,267 m<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pb_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pb-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Natural resources:</b> <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gypsum" title="Gypsum">gypsum</a> </p><p><b>Land use:</b> <br /><i>arable land:</i> 0.99% <br /><i>permanent crops:</i> 0.19% <br /><i>other:</i> 98.82% (2011) </p><p><b>Irrigated land:</b> 4,700 km<sup>2</sup> (2003) </p><p><b>Total renewable water resources:</b> 0.7 0.7 km<sup>3</sup> (0.17 cu mi) (2011) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environmental_issues">Environmental issues</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Environmental issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Libya" title="Environmental issues in Libya">Environmental issues in Libya</a></div> <p><b>Natural hazards:</b> hot, dry, dust-laden <a href="/wiki/Ghibli_(wind)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghibli (wind)">ghibli</a> is a southern wind lasting one to four days in spring and fall; dust storms, sandstorms </p><p><b>Environment - current issues:</b> <a href="/wiki/Desertification" title="Desertification">desertification</a>; very limited natural fresh water resources; the <a href="/wiki/Great_Manmade_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Manmade River">Great Manmade River</a> Project, the largest water development scheme in the world, is being built to bring water from large aquifers under the <a href="/wiki/Sahara" title="Sahara">Sahara</a> to coastal cities </p><p><b>Environment - international agreements:</b> <br /><i>party to:</i> <a href="/wiki/Biodiversity" title="Biodiversity">Biodiversity</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Framework_Convention_on_Climate_Change" title="United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change">Climate Change</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Protocol" title="Kyoto Protocol">Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol</a> <a href="/wiki/Desertification" title="Desertification">Desertification</a>, <a href="/wiki/Endangered_Species" class="mw-redirect" title="Endangered Species">Endangered Species</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hazardous_Wastes" class="mw-redirect" title="Hazardous Wastes">Hazardous Wastes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marine_Dumping" class="mw-redirect" title="Marine Dumping">Marine Dumping</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ozone_Layer_Protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Ozone Layer Protection">Ozone Layer Protection</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ship_Pollution" class="mw-redirect" title="Ship Pollution">Ship Pollution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wetlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Wetlands">Wetlands</a> <br /><i>signed, but not ratified:</i> <a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_Sea" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of the Sea">Law of the Sea</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Extreme_points">Extreme points</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Extreme points"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This is a list of the extreme points of <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a>, the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location. </p> <ul><li>Northernmost point – <a href="/wiki/Ras_Ajdir" title="Ras Ajdir">Ras Ajdir</a> at the point where the border with <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> enters the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nuqat_al_Khams" title="Nuqat al Khams">Nuqat al Khams District</a></li> <li>Easternmost point – Marsa er Ramla at the point where the border with Egypt enters the Mediterranean Sea, <a href="/wiki/Butnan_District" title="Butnan District">Butnan District</a></li> <li>Southernmost point - the <a href="/wiki/Tripoint" title="Tripoint">tripoint</a> with <a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kufra_District" title="Kufra District">Kufra District</a></li> <li>Westernmost point - unnamed point on the border with <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> immediately east of <a href="/wiki/Ghadames" title="Ghadames">Ghadames</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nalut_District" title="Nalut District">Nalut District</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyrenaica" title="Cyrenaica">Cyrenaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fezzan" title="Fezzan">Fezzan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Libya" title="List of cities in Libya">List of cities in Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripolitania" title="Tripolitania">Tripolitania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transliteration_of_Libyan_placenames" title="Transliteration of Libyan placenames">Transliteration of Libyan placenames</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171017195318/ftp://ftp-cdc.dwd.de/pub/CDC/help/stations_list_CLIMAT_data.txt">Station ID for Sebha is 62124</a> Use this station ID to locate the sunshine duration</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BarichGarcea2015-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BarichGarcea2015_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBarichGarceaGiraudi2015" class="citation journal cs1">Barich, Barbara E.; Garcea, Elena A.A.; Giraudi, Carlo (2015). "Between the Mediterranean and the Sahara: geoarchaeological reconnaissance in the Jebel Gharbi, Libya". <i>Antiquity</i>. <b>80</b> (309): 567–582. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0003598X00094047">10.1017/S0003598X00094047</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0003-598X">0003-598X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Antiquity&rft.atitle=Between+the+Mediterranean+and+the+Sahara%3A+geoarchaeological+reconnaissance+in+the+Jebel+Gharbi%2C+Libya&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=309&rft.pages=567-582&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0003598X00094047&rft.issn=0003-598X&rft.aulast=Barich&rft.aufirst=Barbara+E.&rft.au=Garcea%2C+Elena+A.A.&rft.au=Giraudi%2C+Carlo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Libya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress, (1987), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+ly0046)"><u>"Climate & Hydrology of "</u></a>, <i>U.S. Library of Congress</i>. Retrieved July 15, 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gsfc.nasa.gov/scienceques2001/20020524.htm">NASA</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060517193522/http://www.gsfc.nasa.gov/scienceques2001/20020524.htm">Archived</a> 2006-05-17 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-newRecord-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-newRecord_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEl_Fadli2012" class="citation journal cs1">El Fadli, Khalid Ibrahim; et al. (September 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1175%2FBAMS-D-12-00093.1">"World Meteorological Organization Assessment of the Purported World Record 58°C Temperature Extreme at El Azizia, Libya (13 September 1922)"</a>. <i>Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society</i>. <b>94</b> (2): 199–204. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2013BAMS...94..199E">2013BAMS...94..199E</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1175%2FBAMS-D-12-00093.1">10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00093.1</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+American+Meteorological+Society&rft.atitle=World+Meteorological+Organization+Assessment+of+the+Purported+World+Record+58%C2%B0C+Temperature+Extreme+at+El+Azizia%2C+Libya+%2813+September+1922%29&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=199-204&rft.date=2012-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1175%2FBAMS-D-12-00093.1&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2013BAMS...94..199E&rft.aulast=El+Fadli&rft.aufirst=Khalid+Ibrahim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1175%252FBAMS-D-12-00093.1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Libya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tripoliwmo-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tripoliwmo_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldweather.wmo.int/157/c01179.htm">"World Weather Information Service – Tripoli"</a>. World Meteorological Organization. May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Weather+Information+Service+%E2%80%93+Tripoli&rft.pub=World+Meteorological+Organization&rft.date=2011-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldweather.wmo.int%2F157%2Fc01179.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Libya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tripoliDWD-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tripoliDWD_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_620100_kt.pdf">"Klimatafel von Tripolis (Flugh.) / Libyen"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world</i> (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseline+climate+means+%281961-1990%29+from+stations+all+over+the+world&rft.atitle=Klimatafel+von+Tripolis+%28Flugh.%29+%2F+Libyen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dwd.de%2FDWD%2Fklima%2Fberatung%2Fak%2Fak_620100_kt.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Libya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tripoliclimate-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tripoliclimate_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304072830/http://extras.springer.com/2007/978-1-4020-4577-6/Book_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf">"Appendix I: Meteorological Data"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Springer. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://extras.springer.com/2007/978-1-4020-4577-6/Book_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Appendix+I%3A+Meteorological+Data&rft.pub=Springer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fextras.springer.com%2F2007%2F978-1-4020-4577-6%2FBook_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Libya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BenghaziDWD-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BenghaziDWD_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_620530_kt.pdf">"Klimatafel von Benina (Bengasi-Flugh.) / Libyen"</a> [Climate table of Benina (Benghazi Airport), Libya] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Klimatafel+von+Benina+%28Bengasi-Flugh.%29+%2F+Libyen&rft.pub=Deutscher+Wetterdienst&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dwd.de%2FDWD%2Fklima%2Fberatung%2Fak%2Fak_620530_kt.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Libya" class="Z3988"></span> Temperatures and precipitation days 1945–1977, precipitation 1961–1990, humidity 1973–1993</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Benghaziclimate-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Benghaziclimate_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304072830/http://extras.springer.com/2007/978-1-4020-4577-6/Book_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf">"Appendix I: Meteorological Data"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Springer. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://extras.springer.com/2007/978-1-4020-4577-6/Book_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Appendix+I%3A+Meteorological+Data&rft.pub=Springer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fextras.springer.com%2F2007%2F978-1-4020-4577-6%2FBook_Shahin_ISBN_9781402045776_Appendix.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Libya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SabhaWMO-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SabhaWMO_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldweather.wmo.int/en/city.html?cityId=1195">"World Weather Information Service–Sebha"</a>. World Meteorological Organization. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160321111310/http://worldweather.wmo.int/en/city.html?cityId=1195">Archived</a> from the original on 21 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Weather+Information+Service%E2%80%93Sebha&rft.pub=World+Meteorological+Organization&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldweather.wmo.int%2Fen%2Fcity.html%3FcityId%3D1195&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Libya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DWDsabha-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DWDsabha_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_621240_kt.pdf">"Klimatafel von Sebha / Libyen"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Baseline climate means (1961–1990) from stations all over the world</i> (in German). Deutscher Wetterdienst<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Baseline+climate+means+%281961%E2%80%931990%29+from+stations+all+over+the+world&rft.atitle=Klimatafel+von+Sebha+%2F+Libyen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dwd.de%2FDWD%2Fklima%2Fberatung%2Fak%2Fak_621240_kt.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Libya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DWDsun-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DWDsun_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171017195327/ftp://ftp-cdc.dwd.de/pub/CDC/observations_global/CLIMAT/multi_annual/sunshine_duration/1961_1990.txt">"Station 62124 Sebha"</a>. <i>Global station data 1961–1990—Sunshine Duration</i>. Deutscher Wetterdienst. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp-cdc.dwd.de/pub/CDC/observations_global/CLIMAT/multi_annual/sunshine_duration/1961_1990.txt">the original</a> on 2017-10-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Global+station+data+1961%E2%80%931990%E2%80%94Sunshine+Duration&rft.atitle=Station+62124+Sebha&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp-cdc.dwd.de%2Fpub%2FCDC%2Fobservations_global%2FCLIMAT%2Fmulti_annual%2Fsunshine_duration%2F1961_1990.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Libya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kufra.climatemps.com/">"Kufra Climate & Temperature"</a>. Climatemps.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kufra+Climate+%26+Temperature&rft.pub=Climatemps.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kufra.climatemps.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Libya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Baydaclimatecd-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Baydaclimatecd_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.climate-data.org/location/3564/">"Climate: Bayda"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climate%3A+Bayda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.climate-data.org%2Flocation%2F3564%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Libya" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://peakery.com/bikku-bitti/">"Bikku-bitti" on Peakery</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120331044608/http://peakery.com/bikku-bitti/">Archived</a> 2012-03-31 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved 28 September 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pb-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pb_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=11064">"Pic Bette, Libya" on Peakbagger</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110807102658/http://www.peakbagger.com/peak.aspx?pid=11064">Archived</a> 2011-08-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Retrieved 28 September 2011</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.gdc/cntrystd.ly"><i>Libya: A Country Study</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Federal_Research_Division" title="Federal Research Division">Federal Research Division</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Libya%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.pub=Federal+Research+Division&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdl.loc.gov%2Floc.gdc%2Fcntrystd.ly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Libya" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/about/copyright-and-contributors/">public domain material</a> from <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/"><i>The World Factbook</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.pub=CIA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeography+of+Libya" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070420175934/http://www.libyaconnected.com/Tourism.html">About Libya | Libya Connected</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Libya" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Libya_topics" title="Template:Libya topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Libya_topics" title="Template talk:Libya topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Libya_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Libya topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Libya" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Libya" title="History of Libya">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Libya" title="Ancient Libya">Ancient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya_in_the_Roman_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Libya in the Roman era">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Tripolitania_and_Cyrenaica" title="Islamic Tripolitania and Cyrenaica">Islamic Tripolitania and Cyrenaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Tripoli" title="Spanish Tripoli">Spanish Tripoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospitaller_Tripoli" title="Hospitaller Tripoli">Hospitaller Tripoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Tripolitania" title="Ottoman Tripolitania">Ottoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_colonization_of_Libya" title="Italian colonization of Libya">Italian colonization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Tripolitania" title="Italian Tripolitania">Italian Tripolitania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Cyrenaica" title="Italian Cyrenaica">Italian Cyrenaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Libya" title="Italian Libya">Italian Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_genocide" title="Libyan genocide">Libyan genocide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Libya" title="The Holocaust in Libya">The Holocaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied_administration_of_Libya" title="Allied administration of Libya">Allied occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Libya" title="Kingdom of Libya">Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Libya_under_Muammar_Gaddafi" title="History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi">Libya under Gaddafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">State of Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Crisis_(2011%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Libyan Crisis (2011–present)">Libyan Crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_civil_war_(2011)" title="Libyan civil war (2011)">2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%932020)" title="Libyan civil war (2014–2020)">2014–2020</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;background:#f8f8f8;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_traditional_provinces_of_Libye-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Map_of_traditional_provinces_of_Libye-en.svg/80px-Map_of_traditional_provinces_of_Libye-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Map_of_traditional_provinces_of_Libye-en.svg/120px-Map_of_traditional_provinces_of_Libye-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Map_of_traditional_provinces_of_Libye-en.svg/160px-Map_of_traditional_provinces_of_Libye-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="969" data-file-height="929" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Borders_of_Libya" title="Template:Borders of Libya">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Libya" title="List of cities in Libya">Cities</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Climate_and_hydrology">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Libya" title="Districts of Libya">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ecoregions_in_Libya" title="List of ecoregions in Libya">Ecoregions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Desert" title="Libyan Desert">Libyan Desert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baladiyat_of_Libya" title="Baladiyat of Libya">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Libya" title="Subdivisions of Libya">Subdivisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Libya" title="Wildlife of Libya">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Libya" title="Politics of Libya">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_interim_Constitutional_Declaration" title="Libyan interim Constitutional Declaration">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Libya" title="Elections in Libya">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Libya" title="Foreign relations of Libya">Foreign relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Libya_under_Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Foreign relations of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi">Foreign relations under Gaddafi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_National_Accord" title="Government of National Accord">Government of National Accord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_National_Unity_(Libya)" title="Government of National Unity (Libya)">Government of National Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Council_(Libya)" title="Presidential Council (Libya)">Presidential Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Libya" title="List of heads of state of Libya">Head of state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Libya" title="List of heads of government of Libya">Head of government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Council_of_State_(Libya)" title="High Council of State (Libya)">High Council of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Libya)" title="House of Representatives (Libya)">House of Representatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Armed_Forces" title="Libyan Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Libya" title="Human rights in Libya">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Libya" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Libya">LGBT</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Libya" title="Economy of Libya">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Libya" title="Agriculture in Libya">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Libya" title="Central Bank of Libya">Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications_in_Libya" class="mw-redirect" title="Communications in Libya">Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Libya" title="List of companies of Libya">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_dinar" title="Libyan dinar">Dinar <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Libya" title="Energy in Libya">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Man-Made_River" title="Great Man-Made River">Great Man-Made River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Oil_Corporation" title="National Oil Corporation">National Oil Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_reserves_in_Libya" title="Oil reserves in Libya">Oil reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Libya" title="Tourism in Libya">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Libya" title="Transport in Libya">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Libya" title="Culture of Libya">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Libya" title="Demographics of Libya">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Libya" title="Education in Libya">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Libya" title="Health in Libya">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Arabic" title="Libyan Arabic">Libyan Arabic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_literature" title="Libyan literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Libya" title="Media of Libya">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Libya" title="Music of Libya">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Libya" title="Public holidays in Libya">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Libya" title="Religion in Libya">Religion</a></li> <li>Sports <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Football_in_Libya" title="Football in Libya">Football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya_at_the_Olympics" title="Libya at the Olympics">Olympics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Libya" title="Women in Libya">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Libya" title="Outline of Libya">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Libya-related_articles" title="Index of Libya-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Libya" title="Category:Libya">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Libya" title="Portal:Libya">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Geography_of_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Geography_of_Africa" title="Template:Geography of Africa"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Geography_of_Africa" title="Template talk:Geography of Africa"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Geography_of_Africa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Geography of Africa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Geography_of_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Africa" title="Geography of Africa">Geography of Africa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Algeria" title="Geography of Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Angola" title="Geography of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Benin" title="Geography of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Botswana" title="Geography of Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Burkina_Faso" title="Geography of Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Burundi" title="Geography of Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Cameroon" title="Geography of Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Cape_Verde" title="Geography of Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Geography of the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Chad" title="Geography of Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Comoros" title="Geography of the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Geography of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Geography of the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Djibouti" title="Geography of Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Egypt" title="Geography of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Geography of Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Eritrea" title="Geography of Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Eswatini" title="Geography of Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Ethiopia" title="Geography of Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Gabon" title="Geography of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Gambia" title="Geography of the Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Ghana" title="Geography of Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Guinea" title="Geography of Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Guinea-Bissau" title="Geography of Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Ivory_Coast" title="Geography of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Kenya" title="Geography of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Lesotho" title="Geography of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Liberia" title="Geography of Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Madagascar" title="Geography of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Malawi" title="Geography of Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Mali" title="Geography of Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Mauritania" title="Geography of Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Mauritius" title="Geography of Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Morocco" title="Geography of Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Mozambique" title="Geography of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Namibia" title="Geography of Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Niger" title="Geography of Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Nigeria" title="Geography of Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Rwanda" title="Geography of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Geography of São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Senegal" title="Geography of Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Seychelles" title="Geography of Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Sierra_Leone" title="Geography of Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Somalia" title="Geography of Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_South_Africa" title="Geography of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_South_Sudan" title="Geography of South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Sudan" title="Geography of Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Tanzania" title="Geography of Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Togo" title="Geography of Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Tunisia" title="Geography of Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Uganda" title="Geography of Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Zambia" title="Geography of Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Zimbabwe" title="Geography of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">States with limited<br />recognition</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Somaliland" title="Geography of Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Dependencies and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_the_Canary_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of the Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a> / <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Ceuta" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of Ceuta">Ceuta</a> / <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Melilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of Melilla">Melilla</a>  <span style="font-size:85%;">(Spain)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Madeira" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of Madeira">Madeira</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Portugal)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Mayotte" title="Geography of Mayotte">Mayotte</a> / <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_R%C3%A9union" title="Geography of Réunion">Réunion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(France)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Saint_Helena" title="Geography of Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a> / <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Ascension_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a> / <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Geography of Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(United Kingdom)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Western_Sahara" title="Geography of Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Climate_of_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Africa_topic" title="Template:Africa topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Africa_topic" title="Template talk:Africa topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Africa_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Africa topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Climate_of_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Africa" title="Climate of Africa">Climate of Africa </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Algeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Angola" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Benin" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Burkina_Faso" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Burundi" title="Climate of Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Cameroon" title="Climate of Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Cape_Verde" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Chad" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Comoros" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Djibouti" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Egypt" title="Climate of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Equatorial_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Eritrea" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Eswatini" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Ethiopia" title="Climate of Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Gabon" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Ghana" title="Climate of Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Guinea-Bissau" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Ivory_Coast" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Kenya" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Lesotho" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Liberia" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Libya" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Madagascar" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Malawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Mali" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Mauritania" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Mauritius" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Morocco" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Mozambique" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Namibia" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Niger" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Nigeria" title="Climate of Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Rwanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Senegal" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Seychelles" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Sierra_Leone" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Somalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_South_Africa" title="Climate of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_South_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Tanzania" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Togo" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Tunisia" title="Climate of Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Uganda" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Zambia" title="Climate of Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Zimbabwe" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">States with limited<br />recognition</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Somaliland" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Dependencies and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Canary_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a> / <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Ceuta" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Ceuta">Ceuta</a> / <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Melilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Melilla">Melilla</a>  <span style="font-size:85%;">(Spain)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Madeira" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Madeira">Madeira</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Portugal)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Mayotte" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Mayotte">Mayotte</a> / <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_R%C3%A9union" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Réunion">Réunion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(France)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Saint_Helena" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a> / <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Ascension_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a> / <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Tristan_da_Cunha" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(United Kingdom)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Western_Sahara" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&oldid=1258814738">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&oldid=1258814738</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Geography_of_Libya" title="Category:Geography of Libya">Geography of Libya</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_April_2019" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from April 2019">Articles needing additional references from April 2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Source_attribution" title="Category:Source attribution">Source attribution</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_incorporating_text_from_the_World_Factbook" title="Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the World Factbook">Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the World Factbook</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 21 November 2024, at 19:47<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Geography_of_Libya&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-qr4c8","wgBackendResponseTime":129,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.710","walltime":"0.976","ppvisitednodes":{"value":7347,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":197620,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":8642,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":28,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":78055,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 772.707 1 -total"," 22.73% 175.631 1 Template:Libya_topics"," 22.09% 170.681 1 Template:Country_topics"," 12.39% 95.772 1 Template:Short_description"," 12.21% 94.358 2 Template:Cite_journal"," 11.38% 87.922 5 Template:Weather_box"," 10.13% 78.264 1 Template:More_citations_needed"," 9.47% 73.173 1 Template:Ambox"," 5.62% 43.459 2 Template:Pagetype"," 5.00% 38.645 10 Template:Cite_web"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.376","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":9486142,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.codfw.main-7556f8b5dd-pm8w5","timestamp":"20241122194909","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Geography of Libya","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Geography_of_Libya","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q30645","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q30645","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-05-18T01:42:00Z","dateModified":"2024-11-21T19:47:42Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/c\/c6\/LocationLibya.svg","headline":"nature of the topology of a country"}</script> </body> </html>