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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terbaru</span></a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik"><span>Artikel pilihan</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini"><span>Peristiwa terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru"><span>Halaman baru</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Halaman sembarang</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi"><span>Warung Kopi</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu"><span>Portal komunitas</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan."><span>Bantuan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar"><span>Pancapilar</span></a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman"><span>Kebijakan</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir"><span>Bak pasir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; 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meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Shangdi" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Shangdi" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Shangdi" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sejarah</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Sejarah</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dinasti_Shang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dinasti_Shang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Dinasti Shang</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dinasti_Shang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dinasti_Zhou" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dinasti_Zhou"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Dinasti Zhou</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dinasti_Zhou-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dinasti-Dinasti_Selanjutnya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dinasti-Dinasti_Selanjutnya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Dinasti-Dinasti Selanjutnya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dinasti-Dinasti_Selanjutnya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kultus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kultus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Kultus</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kultus-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Kultus</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kultus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ritual_Raja_dan_Rakyat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ritual_Raja_dan_Rakyat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Ritual Raja dan Rakyat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ritual_Raja_dan_Rakyat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ritual_Kuno_Kekaisaran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ritual_Kuno_Kekaisaran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Ritual Kuno Kekaisaran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ritual_Kuno_Kekaisaran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shangdi_dan_Para_Dewata" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shangdi_dan_Para_Dewata"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Shangdi dan Para Dewata</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shangdi_dan_Para_Dewata-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agama_Kristen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agama_Kristen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Agama Kristen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agama_Kristen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_Juga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_Juga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Lihat Juga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_Juga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Catatan_Kaki" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catatan_Kaki"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Catatan Kaki</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catatan_Kaki-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Daftar Isi" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Shangdi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 25 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-25" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">25 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shangdi" title="Shangdi – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Shangdi" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96" title="Шандзі – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Шандзі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shangdi" title="Shangdi – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Shangdi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shangdi" title="Shangdi – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Shangdi" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shangdi" title="Shangdi – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Shangdi" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%AF%DB%8C" title="شانگدی – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شانگدی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_Di" title="Shang Di – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Shang Di" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sang-ti" title="Sang-ti – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sang-ti" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_Di" title="Shang Di – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Shang Di" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%B8%9D" title="天帝 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="天帝" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%81%EC%A0%9C" title="상제 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="상제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shangdi" title="Shangdi – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Shangdi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shangdi" title="Shangdi – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Shangdi" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shangdi" title="Shangdi – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Shangdi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shangdi" title="Shangdi – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Shangdi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shangdi" title="Shangdi – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Shangdi" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shangdi" title="Shangdi – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Shangdi" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_Di" title="Shang Di – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Shang Di" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shangdi" title="Shangdi – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Shangdi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%B4%D1%96" title="Шан-ді – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шан-ді" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_%C4%91%E1%BA%BF" title="Thượng đế – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thượng đế" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%9D" title="上帝 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="上帝" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%9D" title="上帝 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="上帝" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%9D" title="上帝 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="上帝" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%9D_(%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF)" title="上帝 (中華) – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="上帝 (中華)" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2714875#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Shangdi" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Shangdi" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Shangdi"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Shangdi"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Shangdi" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Shangdi" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&oldid=18929319" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Shangdi&id=18929319&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FShangdi"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FShangdi"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Shangdi"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Shangdi&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:God_in_monotheistic_religions" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2714875" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel ini adalah mengenai Dewata Tionghoa <i>(上帝)</i>. Untuk Dewa lain yang berhubungan, lihat <a href="/wiki/Tian" title="Tian">Tian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Giok" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaisar Giok">Kaisar Giok</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Tai_Di" title="Tai Di">Tai Di</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Temple_of_Heaven_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Temple_of_Heaven_2.jpg/220px-Temple_of_Heaven_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Temple_of_Heaven_2.jpg/330px-Temple_of_Heaven_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Temple_of_Heaven_2.jpg/440px-Temple_of_Heaven_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Kuil Langit (<i>Tian Tan</i>)</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26333518">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse hlist" style="width:17.0em;border: 4px single #A12F25;border-spacing:0.2em 0;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background: #B1151D;"><span style="color:white">Bagian dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kategori:Kepercayaan_tradisional_Tionghoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kategori:Kepercayaan tradisional Tionghoa (halaman belum tersedia)"> <span style="color:White;">seri</span></a> tentang</span></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background: #B1151D;;font-size:150%; color:#FFFFF"><a href="/wiki/Kepercayaan_tradisional_Tionghoa" title="Kepercayaan tradisional Tionghoa"><span style="color:White;">Kepercayaan tradisional Tionghoa <span style="font-size:85%;">华人民间信仰</span></span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:%E7%A6%84_l%C3%B9_or_%E5%AD%90_zi_symbol---red.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Penyesuaian gaya dari grafem 禄 lù atau 子 zi, masing-masing berarti "kemakmuran", "memajukan", "kesejahteraan" dan "anak", "keturunan". 字 zì, berarti "kata" dan "simbol", adalah kata yang asalnya sama dari 子 zi dan menggambarkan seorang "anak" yang dinaungi di bawah sebuah "atap". Simbol ini pada akhirnya merupakan representasi kutub langit utara (Běijí 北极) dan konstelasi berputarnya, dan oleh karenanya setara dengan simbol Eurasia swastika, 卍 wàn."><img alt="Penyesuaian gaya dari grafem 禄 lù atau 子 zi, masing-masing berarti "kemakmuran", "memajukan", "kesejahteraan" dan "anak", "keturunan". 字 zì, berarti "kata" dan "simbol", adalah kata yang asalnya sama dari 子 zi dan menggambarkan seorang "anak" yang dinaungi di bawah sebuah "atap". Simbol ini pada akhirnya merupakan representasi kutub langit utara (Běijí 北极) dan konstelasi berputarnya, dan oleh karenanya setara dengan simbol Eurasia swastika, 卍 wàn." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/%E7%A6%84_l%C3%B9_or_%E5%AD%90_zi_symbol---red.svg/75px-%E7%A6%84_l%C3%B9_or_%E5%AD%90_zi_symbol---red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/%E7%A6%84_l%C3%B9_or_%E5%AD%90_zi_symbol---red.svg/113px-%E7%A6%84_l%C3%B9_or_%E5%AD%90_zi_symbol---red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/%E7%A6%84_l%C3%B9_or_%E5%AD%90_zi_symbol---red.svg/150px-%E7%A6%84_l%C3%B9_or_%E5%AD%90_zi_symbol---red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="194" data-file-height="194" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #B1151D;;background-color:#f8e0e0;">Konsep</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tai_Di" title="Tai Di">Tàidì 太帝</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tian" title="Tian">Tiān 天</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shàngdì 上帝</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qi" title="Qi">Qì 气</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shen" title="Shen">Shén 神</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ling_(agama)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ling (agama) (halaman belum tersedia)">Líng 灵</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xian_ling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xian ling (halaman belum tersedia)">Xiǎnlíng 显灵</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yin_dan_yang" title="Yin dan yang">Yīnyáng 阴阳</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hundun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hundun (halaman belum tersedia)">Hundun</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ming_yun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ming yun (halaman belum tersedia)">Mìngyùn 命运</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yuanfen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yuanfen (halaman belum tersedia)">Yuánfèn 缘分</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bao_ying&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bao ying (halaman belum tersedia)">Bàoyìng 报应</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_(agama)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wu (agama) (halaman belum tersedia)">Wù 悟</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naga_(Tionghoa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naga (Tionghoa) (halaman belum tersedia)">Lóng 龙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenghuang" title="Fenghuang">Fènghuáng 凤凰</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #B1151D;;background-color:#f8e0e0;">Teori</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ketuhanan_dalam_kepercayaan_Tionghoa" title="Ketuhanan dalam kepercayaan Tionghoa">Ketuhanan Tionghoa</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dewa-dewi_Tionghoa" title="Dewa-dewi Tionghoa">Dewa-dewi Tionghoa</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pangu" title="Pangu">Pángǔ 盘古</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuxi" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuxi">Fúxī 伏羲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCwa" title="Nüwa">Nǚwā 女娲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Wang" title="Long Wang">Lóngwáng 龙王</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shennong" title="Shennong">Shénnóng 神农</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huang_Di" title="Huang Di">Huángdì 黃帝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dewa_Kekayaan" title="Dewa Kekayaan">Guānyǔ 關羽</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cai_Shen" class="mw-redirect" title="Cai Shen">Cáishén 财神</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tian_Shang_Sheng_Mu" title="Tian Shang Sheng Mu">Māzǔ 妈祖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Dewa-Dewi_Taoisme" title="Kategori:Dewa-Dewi Taoisme">Dewa-dewi Taoisme</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitologi_Tionghoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitologi Tionghoa">Mitologi Tionghoa</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astrologi_Tionghoa" title="Astrologi Tionghoa">Astrologi Tionghoa</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shio" title="Shio">Shio Tionghoa</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitos_penciptaan_Tionghoa" title="Mitos penciptaan Tionghoa">Mitos penciptaan Tionghoa</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Konsep_dunia_spiritual_Tionghoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Konsep dunia spiritual Tionghoa (halaman belum tersedia)">Konsep dunia spiritual Tionghoa</a></li></ul> <p><b>Model kemanusiaan:</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xian_(Taoisme)" title="Xian (Taoisme)">Xiān 仙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhenren" title="Zhenren">Zhēnrén 真人</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wen_dan_wu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wen dan wu (halaman belum tersedia)">Wénwǔ 文武</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #B1151D;;background-color:#f8e0e0;">Praktik</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fenxiang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fenxiang (halaman belum tersedia)">Fēnxiāng 分香</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jingxiang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jingxiang (halaman belum tersedia)">Jìngxiāng 敬香</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penghormatan_leluhur_dalam_budaya_Tionghoa" title="Penghormatan leluhur dalam budaya Tionghoa">Jìngzǔ 敬祖</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fengsui" title="Fengsui">Fēngshuǐ 风水</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miaohui&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miaohui (halaman belum tersedia)">Miàohuì 庙会</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_(shaman)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wu (shaman) (halaman belum tersedia)">Shamanisme Wū 巫</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tongji_(cenayang)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tongji (cenayang) (halaman belum tersedia)">Jītóng 乩童</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baojuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baojuan (halaman belum tersedia)">Bǎojuàn 宝卷</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #B1151D;;background-color:#f8e0e0;">Institusi dan kuil</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xinghaode&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xinghaode (halaman belum tersedia)">Xínghǎode 行好的</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kekerabatan_Tionghoa" title="Kekerabatan Tionghoa">Zōngzú Shèhuì 宗族社会</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kelenteng" title="Kelenteng">Kelenteng 廟</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kuil_leluhur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kuil leluhur (halaman belum tersedia)">Cítáng 祠堂</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asosiasi_Pengelola_Kuil_Rakyat_Tionghoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asosiasi Pengelola Kuil Rakyat Tionghoa (halaman belum tersedia)">Asosiasi Kuil Rakyat Tionghoa<br />中国民间寺庙文化管理协会</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #B1151D;;background-color:#f8e0e0;">Festival</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tahun_Baru_Imlek" title="Tahun Baru Imlek">Nián 年</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_Qingming" title="Festival Qingming">Qīngmíng 清明</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_Hantu" title="Festival Hantu">Zhōngyuán 中元</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sutra_Ullambana" title="Sutra Ullambana">Yúlánpén 盂蘭盆</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_Pertengahan_Musim_Gugur" title="Festival Pertengahan Musim Gugur">Zhōngqiū 中秋</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Festival_Sembilan_Dewa_Kaisar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Festival Sembilan Dewa Kaisar (halaman belum tersedia)">Jiǔhuángyé 九皇爷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_Qixi" title="Festival Qixi">Qīxī 七夕</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peh_Cun" title="Peh Cun">Duānwǔ 端午</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #B1151D;;background-color:#f8e0e0;">Budaya dan tradisi</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"><b>Wujud budaya:</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Penghormatan_leluhur_dalam_budaya_Tionghoa" title="Penghormatan leluhur dalam budaya Tionghoa">Kepercayaan pemujaan leluhur</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepercayaan_dewa_komunal_Tionghoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepercayaan dewa komunal Tionghoa (halaman belum tersedia)">Kepercayaan dewa komunal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terapi_makanan_Tionghoa" title="Terapi makanan Tionghoa">Shíliáo 食疗</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fengsui" title="Fengsui">Fēngshuǐ 风水</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dewa_mitologi_Tiongkok" class="mw-redirect" title="Dewa mitologi Tiongkok">Pemujaan Lǎomǔ 老母</a></li></ul> <ul><li>(<a href="/wiki/Wusheng_Laomu" title="Wusheng Laomu">Wúshēng Lǎomǔ 無生老母</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepercayaan_tradisional_Tiongkok_Timur_Laut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepercayaan tradisional Tiongkok Timur Laut (halaman belum tersedia)">Kepercayaan Tiongkok Timur Laut</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pengobatan_tradisional_Tionghoa" title="Pengobatan tradisional Tionghoa">Pengobatan tradisional 中医</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qigong" title="Qigong">Qìgōng 气功</a></li></ul> <p><b>Tradisi ritual:</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fajiao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fajiao (halaman belum tersedia)">Fǎjiào 法教</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tongji_(cenayang)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tongji (cenayang) (halaman belum tersedia)">Jītóng 乩童</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepercayaan_tradisional_Nuo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepercayaan tradisional Nuo (halaman belum tersedia)">Nuó 傩</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shamanisme_Tionghoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shamanisme Tionghoa (halaman belum tersedia)">Wūjiào 巫教</a></li></ul> <p><b>Tradisi bakti:</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tian_Shang_Sheng_Mu#Kultus" title="Tian Shang Sheng Mu">Mazuisme 妈祖信俗</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ong_Yah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ong Yah (halaman belum tersedia)">Pemujaan Wángyé 王爷</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #B1151D;;background-color:#f8e0e0;">Pemikiran utama</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konfusianisme" title="Konfusianisme">Konghucu 儒教</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lijiao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lijiao (halaman belum tersedia)">Lǐjiào 礼教</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taoisme" title="Taoisme">Taoisme 道教</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Filsafat_Tionghoa" title="Filsafat Tionghoa">Aliran pemikiran lainnya</a></li></ul> <p><b>Sekte dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Majelis_Konghucu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majelis Konghucu (halaman belum tersedia)">majelis Konghucu</a>:</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Majelis_Konghucu_Suci&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majelis Konghucu Suci (halaman belum tersedia)">Kǒngshènghuì 孔圣会</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Majelis_Tinggi_Agama_Konghucu_Indonesia" title="Majelis Tinggi Agama Konghucu Indonesia">Majelis Konghucu Indonesia</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shanrendao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shanrendao (halaman belum tersedia)">Dàodéhuì 道德会</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruzong_shenjiao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ruzong shenjiao (halaman belum tersedia)">Rúzōng shénjiào 儒宗神教</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xuanyuanisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xuanyuanisme (halaman belum tersedia)">Xuānyuándào 軒轅道</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aliran_Taigu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aliran Taigu (halaman belum tersedia)">Tàigǔ 太谷</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #B1151D;;background-color:#f8e0e0;"><a href="/wiki/Agama_keselamatan_Tionghoa" title="Agama keselamatan Tionghoa">Agama keselamatan</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Zhenkong-Wusheng_Laomu_red.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Zhenkong, "Kekosongan Kebenaran"."><img alt="Zhenkong, "Kekosongan Kebenaran"." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Zhenkong-Wusheng_Laomu_red.svg/50px-Zhenkong-Wusheng_Laomu_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Zhenkong-Wusheng_Laomu_red.svg/75px-Zhenkong-Wusheng_Laomu_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Zhenkong-Wusheng_Laomu_red.svg/100px-Zhenkong-Wusheng_Laomu_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="145" data-file-height="143" /></a><figcaption>Zhenkong, "Kekosongan Kebenaran".</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajaran_De&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ajaran De (halaman belum tersedia)">Déjiào 德教</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jiugongdao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jiugongdao (halaman belum tersedia)">Jiǔgōngdào 九宫道</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luoisme" title="Luoisme">Luójiào 罗教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maitreyanisme" title="Maitreyanisme">Mílèjiào 弥勒教</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiandiisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tiandiisme (halaman belum tersedia)">Tiāndìjiào 天帝教</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tianxian_Miaodao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tianxian Miaodao (halaman belum tersedia)">Tiānxiān Miàodào 天仙庙道</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanyiisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanyiisme (halaman belum tersedia)">Sānyījiào 三一教</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xiantiandao" title="Xiantiandao">Xiāntiāndào 先天道</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ikuanisme" title="Ikuanisme">Yīguàndào 一贯道</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mile_Dadao" title="Mile Dadao">Mílè Dàdào 弥勒大道</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zailiisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zailiisme (halaman belum tersedia)">Zàilǐjiào 在理教</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #B1151D;;background-color:#f8e0e0;">Kepercayaan terkait</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benzhuisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benzhuisme (halaman belum tersedia)">Běnzhǔjiào 本主教</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bimoisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bimoisme (halaman belum tersedia)">Bìmójiào 毕摩教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bon" title="Bon">Bon</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhisme_Han" title="Buddhisme Han">Buddhisme Han 汉传佛教</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dongba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dongba (halaman belum tersedia)">Dōngbā 东巴</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepercayaan_tradisional_Miao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepercayaan tradisional Miao (halaman belum tersedia)">Kepercayaan tradisional Miao</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepercayaan_tradisional_Vietnam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepercayaan tradisional Vietnam (halaman belum tersedia)">Kepercayaan tradisional Vietnam</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepercayaan_tradisional_Qiang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepercayaan tradisional Qiang (halaman belum tersedia)">Kepercayaan tradisional Qiang</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepercayaan_tradisional_Yao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepercayaan tradisional Yao (halaman belum tersedia)">Kepercayaan tradisional Yao</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kepercayaan_tradisional_Zhuang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kepercayaan tradisional Zhuang (halaman belum tersedia)">Kepercayaan tradisional Zhuang</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:P_religion_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/16px-P_religion_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/24px-P_religion_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/P_religion_world.svg/32px-P_religion_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Agama" title="Portal:Agama">Portal Agama</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18590415">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Kepercayaan_tradisional_Tionghoa" title="Templat:Kepercayaan tradisional Tionghoa"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Kepercayaan_tradisional_Tionghoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Kepercayaan tradisional Tionghoa (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Kepercayaan_tradisional_Tionghoa&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23035139">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right noprint selfref" style="width: 22em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782729">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Zhongwen.svg/40px-Zhongwen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Zhongwen.svg/60px-Zhongwen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Zhongwen.svg/80px-Zhongwen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="30" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist" style="vertical-align:middle; font-size:95%;"><b>Artikel ini memuat Teks <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Tionghoa" title="Bahasa Tionghoa">Tionghoa</a>.</b> Tanpa <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Multilingual_support_(East_Asian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantuan:Multilingual support (East Asian)">bantuan render</a> yang baik, anda mungkin akan melihat <a href="/wiki/Replacement_character" class="mw-redirect" title="Replacement character"> tanda tanya, kotak-kotak, atau simbol lainnya</a> bukannya <a href="/wiki/Karakter_Tionghoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Karakter Tionghoa">Karakter Tionghoa</a>.</div></div> </div> <p><b>Shangdi</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hanzi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanzi">Hanzi</a>: 上帝; <a href="/wiki/Hanyu_pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu pinyin">hanyu pinyin</a>: <i>Shàngdì</i>; <a href="/wiki/Wade-Giles" class="mw-redirect" title="Wade-Giles">Wade-Giles</a>: <i>Shang-ti</i>), juga secara sederhana ditulis sebagai <b>Di</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hanzi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanzi">Hanzi</a>: 帝), adalah Dewa Langit tertinggi dalam <a href="/wiki/Tridharma" title="Tridharma">agama tradisional Tionghoa</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimologi">Etimologi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Etimologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Etimologi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nama tersebut merupakan hasil <a href="/wiki/Romanisasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanisasi">romanisasi</a> dua karakter (huruf) mandarin. Huruf pertama 上 memiliki arti "di atas"; huruf kedua 帝 adalah huruf yang sama yang digunakan dalam nama <a href="/wiki/Huangdi" class="mw-redirect" title="Huangdi">Huangdi</a>, sang Kaisar Kuning, dan gelar <i>huangdi</i>, <a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Tiongkok" title="Kaisar Tiongkok">Kaisar Tiongkok</a>. Nama tersebut sering diterjemahkan sebagai "<b>Kaisar Surga</b>", meskipun sebenarnya sang Dewa terlebih dahulu menggunakan huruf dan gelar tersebut, sementara para kaisar mendapatkan gelar sesudahnya berhubungan dengan fungsi mereka sebagai <i>Tianzi</i>, Putra Langit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dinasti_Shang">Dinasti Shang</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Dinasti Shang" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dinasti Shang"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Shang-Orakelknochen_excerpt_adjusted_for_contrast.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Shang-Orakelknochen_excerpt_adjusted_for_contrast.jpg/133px-Shang-Orakelknochen_excerpt_adjusted_for_contrast.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Shang-Orakelknochen_excerpt_adjusted_for_contrast.jpg/200px-Shang-Orakelknochen_excerpt_adjusted_for_contrast.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Shang-Orakelknochen_excerpt_adjusted_for_contrast.jpg 2x" data-file-width="266" data-file-height="478" /></a><figcaption>Naskah Tulang Orakel, bentuk <a href="/wiki/Aksara_Tionghoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Aksara Tionghoa">aksara Tionghoa</a> paling pertama yang diketahui.</figcaption></figure> <p>Referensi paling awal untuk Shangdi ditemukan dalam inskripsi <b>tulang orakel</b> dari <a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Shang" title="Dinasti Shang">Dinasti Shang</a> pada millennium kedua SM, meskipun karya selanjutnya <a href="/wiki/Wu_Jing" class="mw-redirect" title="Wu Jing">Kitab Hikayat</a> menegaskan bahwa <b>Kaisar Shun</b> memberikan persembahan tahunan kepadanya, bahkan sebelum <a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Xia" title="Dinasti Xia">Dinasti Xia</a>. </p><p>Shangdi dipuja sebagai kekuatan spiritual tertinggi oleh suku <i>Huaxia</i> yang memimpin <a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Shang" title="Dinasti Shang">Dinasti Shang</a>: dia dipercaya mengatur kemenangan dalam perang, keberhasilan dan kegagalan panen, kondisi cuaca seperti banjir pada <a href="/wiki/Sungai_Kuning" title="Sungai Kuning">Sungai Kuning</a>, dan nasib kerajaan. Shangdi tampaknya menjadi memimpin <a href="/wiki/Dewa-Dewi_Taoisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Dewa-Dewi Taoisme">hierarki para Dewata</a> yang mengontrol alam, dan juga para <a href="/w/index.php?title=Penghormatan_leluhur_di_dalam_budaya_Tionghoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penghormatan leluhur di dalam budaya Tionghoa (halaman belum tersedia)">arwah leluhur</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Zhao,_Yanxia_2010._p._154_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zhao,_Yanxia_2010._p._154-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Aspek tersebut selanjutnya diserap oleh <a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Giok" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaisar Giok">Kaisar Giok</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Birokrasi_Surga" title="Birokrasi Surga">Birokrasi Surganya</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Taoisme" title="Taoisme">Taoisme</a>.) </p><p>Shangdi mungkin lebih bersifat <a href="/wiki/Transenden" title="Transenden">transenden</a> daripada <a href="/wiki/Imanen" title="Imanen">imanen</a>, hanya bekerja melalui Dewa-Dewi yang lebih rendah tingkatnya.<sup id="cite_ref-Zhao,_Yanxia_2010._p._154_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zhao,_Yanxia_2010._p._154-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shangdi dianggap terlalu tinggi untuk dipuja secara langsung oleh manusia biasa. Sebaliknya, raja-raja Shang menyatakan bahwa Shangdi membuat dirinya dapat dihubungi melalui jiwa-jiwa para raja yang telah meninggal,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> baik raja-raja dalam masa legenda maupun generasi raja-raja yang memerintah saat itu. Para raja selanjutnya dapat memohon kepada Shangdi secara langsung.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Banyak tulisan tulang orakel yang mencatat petisi-petisi semacam ini, biasanya berdoa untuk hujan<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> tetapi juga memohon persetujuan Shangdi untuk tindakan yang dilakukan negara. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dinasti_Zhou">Dinasti Zhou</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Dinasti Zhou" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dinasti Zhou"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pada masa <a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Shang" title="Dinasti Shang">Dinasti Shang</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Zhou" title="Dinasti Zhou">Zhou</a> selanjutnya, Shangdi secara bertahap digantikan atau <a href="/wiki/Sinkretisme" title="Sinkretisme">disinkretiskan</a> dengan <b><a href="/wiki/Tian" title="Tian">Surga</a></b> (天, <i>Tiān</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-b220211_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b220211-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Raja_Wu_dari_Zhou" title="Raja Wu dari Zhou">Adipati Zhou</a> membenarkan perebutan kekuasaannya melalui konsep <b><a href="/wiki/Mandat_Langit" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandat Langit">Mandat Langit</a></b>, yang menyatakan bahwa perlindungan dari Shangdi tidak berhubungan dengan suku tertentu tetapi dari pemerintahan yang adil. Shangdi tidak lagi merupakan dewata suku melainkan kekuatan moralitas, yang menggunakan kekuasaannya berdasarkan standar yang tegas.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mandat dari Surga dapat menjadi hilang dan <i>diwarisi</i> oleh dinasti yang baru, sehingga merekalah yang menjadi berhak untuk melakukan ritual yang pantas bagi Shangdi. </p><p>Meskipun demikian, beberapa ritual berhubungan dengan klan Shang (marga Zi) sehingga para bangsawan Shang masih terus memimpin beberapa lokasi serta bekerja sebagai penasihat kerajaan dan pendeta. <a href="/wiki/Raja_Wu_dari_Zhou" title="Raja Wu dari Zhou">Raja Wu dari Zhou</a> bahkan membangun sebuah <a href="/wiki/Luoyang" title="Luoyang">kota untuk seremonial</a> yang berlandaskan prinsip kosmologikal yang ketat sebagai rumah para aristokrasi Shang dan <b>Sembilan Ketel Berkaki Tiga</b> yang melambangkan kekuasaan Huaxia; klan Shang ditugaskan melakukan <b>Ritual Zhou</b>. Sebagaimana klan Shang, klan ksatria <b>Shi</b> memperlajari ajaran Konfusius yang mengajarkan etiket dalam pertemuan dan upacara kepada para pemimpin Zhou.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Wu_Jing" class="mw-redirect" title="Wu Jing">Untaian Lima Sutra Konfusius</a> dipelajari dan membentuk tradisi awal, termasuk pemujaan terhadap Shangdi. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> Kemunculan nama Shangdi dalam <a href="/wiki/Wu_Jing" class="mw-redirect" title="Wu Jing">Untaian Lima Sutra</a> </caption> <tbody><tr><th> Hanzi </th><th> Pinyin </th><th> Nama Inggris </th><th> Kemunculan</th></tr> <tr><td> 書經 </td><td> <i><a href="/wiki/Shu_Jing" title="Shu Jing">Shu Jing</a></i> </td><td> Classic of History </td><td> 32 kali </td></tr> <tr><td> 詩經 </td><td> <i><a href="/wiki/Shi_Jing" class="mw-redirect" title="Shi Jing">Shi Jing</a></i> </td><td> Classic of Poetry </td><td> 24 kali </td></tr> <tr><td> 禮記 </td><td> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li_Ji&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Li Ji (halaman belum tersedia)">Li Ji</a></i> </td><td> Classic of Rites </td><td> 20 kali </td></tr> <tr><td> 春秋 </td><td> <i><a href="/wiki/Chun_Qiu" title="Chun Qiu">Chun Qiu</a></i> </td><td> Spring and Autumn Annals </td><td> 8 kali </td></tr> <tr><td> 易經 </td><td> <i><a href="/wiki/I-Ching" class="mw-redirect" title="I-Ching">Yi Jing</a></i> </td><td> Classic of Changes </td><td> 2 kali </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>Kumpulan naskah <b>Empat Buku</b> yang merangkum ajaran Konfusius juga menyebut Shangdi. Karena merupakan hasil rangkuman yang lebih baru, penyebutannya jauh lebih jarang dan abstrak. Shangdi disebut lebih banyak pada karya rangkuman yang lebih awal: pola ini mungkin menggambarkan meningkatnya rasionalisasi terhadap Shangdi seiring berjalannya waktu, perubahan dari dewa suatu klan menuju konsep yang lebih abstrak dan filosofikal,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> atau disebabkan proses penggabungan dengan, atau diserap oleh dewata lain. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dinasti-Dinasti_Selanjutnya">Dinasti-Dinasti Selanjutnya</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Dinasti-Dinasti Selanjutnya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Dinasti-Dinasti Selanjutnya"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pada masa <a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Han" title="Dinasti Han">Dinasti Han</a>, pelajar <a href="/wiki/Agama_Khonghucu" class="mw-redirect" title="Agama Khonghucu">Konfusian</a> bernama <b>Zheng Xuan</b> memberi keterangan: "<i>Shangdi</i> adalah nama lain dari <a href="/wiki/Tian" title="Tian">Tian</a>". <b>Dong Zhongshu</b> berkata: "Surga adalah otoritas tertinggi, raja para dewata yang wajib dikagumi oleh kaisar ".<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada zaman-zaman selanjutnya, ia biasa disebut sebagai <b>Kaisar Langit Surgawi nan Agung</b> (皇天上帝, <i>Huángtiān Shàngdì</i>) dan, dalam hal ini, dia digabungkan dengan <a href="/wiki/Kaisar_Giok" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaisar Giok">Kaisar Giok</a> Taoisme. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kultus">Kultus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Kultus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Kultus"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ritual_Raja_dan_Rakyat">Ritual Raja dan Rakyat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Ritual Raja dan Rakyat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ritual Raja dan Rakyat"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pada zaman dulu di Tiongkok, pemujaan terhadap Shang Di 上帝 (atau <a href="/wiki/Tian" title="Tian">Tian Gong</a> pada masa yang lebih baru) hanya boleh dilakukan oleh kaisar dan keluarganya saja, karena beranggapan bahwa Shang Di adalah leluhur mereka dan memberikan mandat kepada mereka untuk memerintah di bumi ini. Rakyat biasa tidak diperbolehkan memuja Shangdi, karena dengan berbuat begitu dapat dianggap menyamakan dirinya sebagai keluarga Kaisar, suatu pelanggaran yang diancam dengan hukuman mati. Jadi upacara sembahyang kepada Shang Di hanya boleh dilakukan oleh keluarga kerajaan dan dipimpin oleh Kaisar sendiri sebagai Pemimpin Upacara, dengan dibantu oleh anggota keluarganya dan para petinggi kerajaan yang lain.<sup id="cite_ref-Jindeyuan_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jindeyuan-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sedangkan rakyat biasa mengadakan sembahyang di rumah masing-masing, di depan pintu, atau di tepi jalan, tanpa upacara macam-macam; cukup dengan menyalakan sepasang lilin dan sebatang atau tiga batang <a href="/wiki/Dupa" title="Dupa">dupa</a> yang disojakan (diayunkan) ke arah langit. Setelah zaman Dinasti Song [960 – 1280 M], Kaisar-Kaisar yang bertahta kemudian tidak begitu ketat lagi dalam memberlakukan larangan pemujaan Shang Di oleh rakyat. Sehingga, orang pada umumnya berkata bahwa mereka mengadakan sembahyang sederhana kepada Shang Di, pada waktu menyalakan dupa dan lilin. Padahal ia tidak berhak berbuat begitu, walaupun sangat menghormati Shang Di.<sup id="cite_ref-Jindeyuan_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jindeyuan-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ritual_Kuno_Kekaisaran">Ritual Kuno Kekaisaran</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Ritual Kuno Kekaisaran" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ritual Kuno Kekaisaran"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:CircularMound.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/CircularMound.jpg/220px-CircularMound.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/CircularMound.jpg/330px-CircularMound.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/CircularMound.jpg/440px-CircularMound.jpg 2x" data-file-width="769" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Altar Suci pada Kuil Langit</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Official_at_Yuan_Shikai%27s_1913_visit_to_the_Temple_of_Heaven.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Official_at_Yuan_Shikai%27s_1913_visit_to_the_Temple_of_Heaven.jpg/220px-Official_at_Yuan_Shikai%27s_1913_visit_to_the_Temple_of_Heaven.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="413" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Official_at_Yuan_Shikai%27s_1913_visit_to_the_Temple_of_Heaven.jpg/330px-Official_at_Yuan_Shikai%27s_1913_visit_to_the_Temple_of_Heaven.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Official_at_Yuan_Shikai%27s_1913_visit_to_the_Temple_of_Heaven.jpg/440px-Official_at_Yuan_Shikai%27s_1913_visit_to_the_Temple_of_Heaven.jpg 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="1037" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yuan_Shikai" title="Yuan Shikai">Yuan Shikai</a> bersembahyang di Kuil Langit pada Tahun 1913</figcaption></figure> <p>Sebagaimana disebutkan di atas, sejarah tradisional Tiongkok menegaskan bahwa para raja memberikan persembahan kepada Shangdi dimulai semenjak sebelum Dinasti Xia. <a href="/wiki/Tulang_orakel" class="mw-redirect" title="Tulang orakel">Catatan arkeologikal yang selamat</a> menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat Shang menggunakan <a href="/wiki/Tulang_belikat" title="Tulang belikat">tulang belikat</a> sapi jantan kurban untuk mengirimkan pertanyaan atau komunikasi melalui api dan asap ke alam dewata, praktik tersebut dinamakan <i>scapulimancy</i>. Panas api menyebabkan tulang menjadi retak dan ahli nujum istana akan menginterpretasikan retakan sebagai jawaban Shangdi kepada raja. Inskripsi yang digunakan untuk meramal selanjutnya dikubur dalam lubang khusus, sementara yang digunakan untuk praktik atau catatan dikubur pada lubang pembuangan biasa setelah digunakan.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shangdi atau <a href="/wiki/Tian" title="Tian">Tian</a> menerima persembahan dari para raja dari setiap dinasti setiap tahunnya pada <a href="/wiki/Tian_Tan" title="Tian Tan">Kuil Langit</a> Tian Tan (<a href="/wiki/Hanzi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanzi">Hanzi</a>: 天壇) yang berlokasi di ibu kota kerajaan. Menurut prinsip <a href="/wiki/Fengshui" class="mw-redirect" title="Fengshui">fengshui</a>, kuil tersebut selalu dilokasikan pada sisi selatan kota.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saat ritual, seekor sapi jantan yang sempurna disembelih dan dipersembahkan sebagai hewan kurban bagi Shangdi.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Li_Jing" title="Li Jing">Kitab Kesusilaan</a> menyebutkan bahwa upacara kurban sebaiknya dilakukan pada hari terpanjang saat titik balik matahari di musim panas, pada sebuah altar berbentuk gundukan-bundar. Altar tersebut memiliki tiga tingkatan; yang tertinggi untuk Shangdi dan Putra Surga; yang kedua untuk matahari dan bulan; dan yang terendah untuk para dewata alam seperti bintang-bintang, awan, hujan, angin, dan petir. </p><p>Ke sepuluh tahapan ritual adalah:<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ol><li>Menyambut dewa-dewa</li> <li>Mempersembahkan giok dan sutra</li> <li>Mempersembahkan makanan</li> <li>Mempersembahkan arak pertama</li> <li>Mempersembahkan arak kedua</li> <li>Mempersembahkan arak terakhir</li> <li>Memundurkan para penari sipil dan memasukkan para penari militer</li> <li>Pertunjukan tarian militer</li> <li>Mengantar para dewata</li> <li>Membakar barang-barang persembahan</li></ol> <p>Penting untuk dicatat bahwa Shangdi tidak pernah ditampilkan baik dengan lukisan maupun patung. Melainkan, di tengah bangunan Kuil Langit, pada bagian yang dinamakan "Kubah Imperial Surga", sebuah "<a href="/wiki/Papan_Roh" class="mw-redirect" title="Papan Roh">papan roh</a>" (神位, atau shénwèi) bertuliskan nama Shangdi diletakkan di atas tahta, <i>Huangtian Shangdi</i> (皇天上帝). Setiap upacara kurban tahunan, raja akan membawa papan ini menuju sisi utara Kuil Langit, pada suatu ruangan bernama "Aula Doa untuk Panen Baik ", kemudian meletakkannya di atas tahta di sana.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Huruf Huang Tian Shang Di ini sampai sekarang masih tercantum di bagian atas Tian Tan di Beijing (北京).<sup id="cite_ref-Jindeyuan_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jindeyuan-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shangdi_dan_Para_Dewata">Shangdi dan Para Dewata</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Shangdi dan Para Dewata" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Shangdi dan Para Dewata"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bidang Litbang PTITD/ Matrisia Jawa Tengah<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> menjelaskan hubungan Shangdi dengan para Dewata lainnya seperti di bawah ini. </p> <ul><li>Bila disamakan dengan kaisar, maka Shangdi bertahta di langit bergelar <a href="/wiki/Yu_Huang_Da_Di" title="Yu Huang Da Di">Yu-huang Shang-di</a> dengan permaisuri <a href="/wiki/Xi_Wangmu" title="Xi Wangmu">Xi Wangmu</a>.</li> <li>Dilihat dari sudut <a href="/wiki/Yin_dan_Yang" class="mw-redirect" title="Yin dan Yang">Yinyang</a> atau "Langit-Bumi", dia adalah Pancatunggal <i>Wu-lao Tian-jun</i>:</li></ul> <dl><dd>(1) <i>Qing-di</i> (Kaisar Hijau) yang menguasai timur, musim semi, dan elemen kayu, berlambang naga hijau.</dd> <dd>(2) <i>Chi-di</i> (Kaisar Merah) menguasai selatan, musim panas, elemen api, berlambang burung merah.</dd> <dd>(3) <i>Bai-di</i> (Kaisar Putih) menguasai barat, musim gugur, elemen logam, berlambang macan putih.</dd> <dd>(4) <i>Hei-di</i> (Kaisar Hitam) menguasai utara, musim dingin, elemen air, berlambang kura-kura dan ular.</dd> <dd>(5) <i>Huang-di</i> (Kaisar Kuning) adalah sang koordinator, berada di pusat, menguasai elemen tanah dan berlambang kilin.</dd></dl> <ul><li>Dipandang dari aspek <i>Sancai</i>, dia adalah Tritunggal <i>San-guan Da-di</i>, yaitu:</li></ul> <dl><dd>(1) <i>Tian-guan Da-di</i> yaitu pengelola langit, dikenal luas sebagai <i>Fu Xing</i> (Bintang Bahagia), salah satu dari Tiga Dewa Bintang <i>Fu Lu Shou</i>.</dd> <dd>(2) <i>Di-guan Da-di</i> yang mengelola bumi, tak lain adalah <a href="/wiki/Fu_De_Zheng_Shen" title="Fu De Zheng Shen">Fu De Zheng Shen</a> atau <i>Fu Shen</i>.</dd> <dd>(3) <i>Shui-guan Da-di</i> yang mengelola air.</dd></dl> <ul><li>Ditinjau dari pembagian kuasa, dialah Caturtunggal <i>Si-yu</i> (Empat Baginda) 四御:</li></ul> <dl><dd>(1) <a href="/wiki/Yu_Huang_Da_Di" title="Yu Huang Da Di">Yu Huang Da Di</a> sebagai koordinator.</dd> <dd>(2) <i>Tai Huang Da Di</i> (Bei Ji Da Di) sebagai pengurus lika-liku keadaan di langit dan bumi, mengatur pergantian cuaca dan empat musim.</dd> <dd>(3) <i>Tian Huang Da Di</i> sebagai penguasa kutub utara-selatan, keserasian <i>Sancai</i>, bintang-bintang, dan urusan militer di dunia.</dd> <dd>(4) <i>Houtu Huang Diqi</i> (<a href="/wiki/Hou_Tu" title="Hou Tu">Hou Tu</a>) sebagai Dewi yang mengatur perkembangbiakan segala makhluk hidup dan estetika (keindahan) di bumi. Dia adalah <i>Dimu</i>.</dd></dl> <ul><li>Dari aspek <i>Empat Penjuru</i>, dialah sang Caturtunggal <i>Si Ji</i> (Empat Kutub):</li></ul> <dl><dd>(1) <i>Bei Ji Da Di</i> (Kutub Utara). Pernah membagi diri dan menitis sebagai manusia, kemudian diangkat menjadi <a href="/wiki/Xuan_Tian_Shang_Di" title="Xuan Tian Shang Di">Xuan Tian Shang Di</a> (Hian Thian Siang Tee) dan menguasai alam semesta utara (<i>Xuan Tian</i>).</dd> <dd>(2) <i>Nan Ji Chang Shou Da Di</i> (Kutub Selatan) atau <i>Nan Ji Xian Weng</i>. Dia adalah <i>Shou Xing</i> (Bintang Panjang Umur) dari tiga serangkai <i>Fu Lu Shou</i>.</dd> <dd>(3) <i>Tai Ji</i> (Kutub Barat).</dd> <dd>(4) <i>Dong Ji</i> (Kutub Timur).</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Agama_Kristen">Agama Kristen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Agama Kristen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Agama Kristen"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Lihat pula: <a href="/wiki/Pertikaian_ritus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pertikaian ritus">Pertikaian ritus</a></div> <p>Nama "Shangdi" juga digunakan untuk menerjemahkan <a href="/wiki/Allah_Bapa" title="Allah Bapa">Allah Bapa</a> ke dalam bahasa Tionghoa oleh beberapa misionaris Kristen. Hal tersebut menimbulkan perdebatan, dimana sebagian lebih memilih "Shangdi" dan yang lain "Shen" (神 "dewa").<sup id="cite_ref-sg282211_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sg282211-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Misionaris Inggris dan beberapa dari Katolik lebih memilih Shangdi untuk berhubungan dengan kepercayaan asli yang kuno dan primitif yang diduga berupa <a href="/wiki/Monoteisme" title="Monoteisme">monoteisme</a>, sementara misionaris Amerika dan Katolik yang lain memilih untuk menghindarinya karena nama yang sama ditakutkan akan menyebabkan Tuhan dalam Kekristenan terjebak ke dalam politeisme di Tiongkok.<sup id="cite_ref-sg282211_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sg282211-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_Juga">Lihat Juga</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat Juga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat Juga"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23035139"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782729"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/37px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="37" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/55px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Wiktionary-logo-en.svg/73px-Wiktionary-logo-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1089" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Lihat entri <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%B8%9D" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:上帝">上帝</a></b></i> di kamus bebas Wiktionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yuanshi_Tianzun" title="Yuanshi Tianzun">Yuanshi Tianzun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taoisme" title="Taoisme">Taoisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tridharma" title="Tridharma">Tridharma</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Catatan_Kaki">Catatan Kaki</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Catatan Kaki" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Catatan Kaki"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Zhao,_Yanxia_2010._p._154-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Zhao,_Yanxia_2010._p._154_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Zhao,_Yanxia_2010._p._154_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Zhao, Yanxia. 2010. <i>Chinese Religion: A Contextual Approach</i>, hal. 154</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jeaneane D. Fowler, Merv Fowler. 2008. <i>Chinese religions: beliefs and practices</i>, Sussex Academic Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wu, 8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wu, 173</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-b220211-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-b220211_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation">"Shangdi", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/538488/Shangdi"><i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a>, 2011</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Shangdi&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F538488%2FShangdi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AShangdi" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Shu_Jing" title="Shu Jing">Shu Jing</a></i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Chinese Philosophy". China Renmin Univ., 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <a href="/wiki/Shu_Jing" title="Shu Jing">Shu Jing</a> menyebutkan: "Surga yang Besar tidak memiliki perasaan yang berat sebelah: Ia hanya mendukung kebajkan ".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The <i><a href="/wiki/Zuo_Zhuan" class="mw-redirect" title="Zuo Zhuan">Zuo Zhuan</a></i> berkata: "Kecuali seseorang bajik, masyarakat tidak akan berada dalam keharmonisan dan roh-roh tidak akan menerima persembahannya. Apa yang membuat roh-roh tertarik adalah kebajikan seseorang ".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dong Zhongshu. <i>Chunqiu Fanlu</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jindeyuan-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jindeyuan_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jindeyuan_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jindeyuan_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jindeyuan.org. 15 Desember 2011. Unduh=8 Maret 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jindeyuan.org/tag/kaisar-giok">Giok Hong Tay Te – Maha Dewa Pelaksana Pemerintahan Alam Semesta</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304212200/http://jindeyuan.org/tag/kaisar-giok">Diarsipkan</a> 2016-03-04 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Xu Yahui. Caltonhill, Mark & al., trans. <i>Ancient Chinese Writing: Oracle Bone Inscriptions from the Ruins of Yin.</i> Academia Sinica. Nat'l Palace Museum (Taipei), 2002. Govt. Publ. No. 1009100250.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Contohnya, Kitab Hikayat mencatat bahwa Adipati Zhou membangun kuil langit yang baru pada sisi barat Luo.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Meskipun <a href="/wiki/Raja_Wu_dari_Zhou" title="Raja Wu dari Zhou">Raja Wu dari Zhou</a> diceritakan mengurbankan dua ekor</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lam, Joseph S.C. 1998. <i>State Sacrifices and Music in Ming China: Orthodoxy, Creativity, and Expressiveness</i>. Albany, NY: Sate University of New York Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051214105152/http://www.jsdj.com/luyou/tp2/BJTT12.jpg">"JSDJ"</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jsdj.com/luyou/tp2/BJTT12.jpg">versi asli</a> tanggal 2005-12-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2013-03-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=JSDJ&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jsdj.com%2Fluyou%2Ftp2%2FBJTT12.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AShangdi" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bidang Litbang PTITD/ Matrisia Jawa Tengah. Juli 2007. "Pengetahuan Umum Tentang Tri Dharma", Ediri Pertama. Semarang: Benih Bersemi.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sg282211-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sg282211_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sg282211_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">= Archie CC Lee. Oktober 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sbl-site.org/Article.aspx?ArticleID=456}}">God's Asian Names: Rendering the Biblical God in Chinese</a> Penerbit: SBL Forum</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Creel, Herrlee G. The Origins of Statecraft in China. <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0226120430" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-226-12043-0</a></li> <li>Wu, K. C. 1982. <i>The Chinese Heritage</i>. New York: Crown Publishers. <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/051754475X" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-517-54475X</a>.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diperoleh dari "<a dir="ltr" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&oldid=18929319">https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shangdi&oldid=18929319</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Daftar_kategori" title="Istimewa:Daftar kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Dewa-Dewi_Taoisme" title="Kategori:Dewa-Dewi Taoisme">Dewa-Dewi Taoisme</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Kata_dan_frasa_Tionghoa" title="Kategori:Kata dan frasa Tionghoa">Kata dan frasa Tionghoa</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Templat_webarchive_tautan_wayback" title="Kategori:Templat webarchive tautan wayback">Templat webarchive tautan wayback</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_yang_menggunakan_pranala_magis_ISBN" title="Kategori:Halaman yang menggunakan pranala magis ISBN">Halaman yang menggunakan pranala magis ISBN</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Halaman ini terakhir diubah pada 6 Agustus 2021, pukul 07.40.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teks tersedia di bawah <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Lisensi Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa Creative Commons</a>; ketentuan tambahan mungkin berlaku. 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