CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="zh" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>劫 (時間) - 维基百科，自由的百科全书</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )zhwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"zh", "wgMonthNames":["","1月","2月","3月","4月","5月","6月","7月","8月","9月","10月","11月","12月"],"wgRequestId":"6210918f-a842-425a-800a-991bac119847","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"劫_(時間)","wgTitle":"劫 (時間)","wgCurRevisionId":82940311,"wgRevisionId":82940311,"wgArticleId":1861336,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["含有日語的條目","含有梵語的條目","自2023年10月有未列明来源语句的条目","佛教術語","时间单位","梵语词汇"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"劫_(時間)","wgRelevantArticleId":1861336,"wgUserVariant":"zh","wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true, "wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"zh","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":["zh-hans","zh-hant","zh-cn","zh-tw","zh-hk","zh-sg","zh-mo","zh-my"]},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q864326","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.large-font":"ready", "ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.edit0","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.UnihanTooltips","ext.gadget.Difflink","ext.gadget.pseudonamespace-UI","ext.gadget.SpecialWikitext","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.VariantAlly","ext.gadget.AdvancedSiteNotices","ext.gadget.hideConversionTab", "ext.gadget.internalLinkHelper-altcolor","ext.gadget.noteTA","ext.gadget.NavFrame","ext.gadget.collapsibleTables","ext.gadget.scrollUpButton","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=ext.gadget.large-font&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.6"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/1200px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/800px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/640px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="640"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="劫 (時間) - 维基百科，自由的百科全书"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="编辑本页" href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (zh)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//zh.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-my/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-sg/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hant/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-mo/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia的Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-劫_時間 rootpage-劫_時間 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">跳转到内容</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="主菜单" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">主菜单</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">主菜单</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 导航 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="访问首页[z]" accesskey="z"><span>首页</span></a></li><li id="n-indexpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95" title="以分类索引搜寻中文维基百科"><span>分类索引</span></a></li><li id="n-Featured_content" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%89%B9%E8%89%B2%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="查看中文维基百科的特色内容"><span>特色内容</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B" title="提供当前新闻事件的背景资料"><span>新闻动态</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9" title="列出维基百科中的最近修改[r]" accesskey="r"><span>最近更改</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="随机载入一个页面[x]" accesskey="x"><span>随机条目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-help" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-help" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 帮助 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95" title="寻求帮助"><span>帮助</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="关于本计划、你可以做什么、应该如何做"><span>维基社群</span></a></li><li id="n-policy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%96%B9%E9%87%9D%E8%88%87%E6%8C%87%E5%BC%95" title="查看维基百科的方针和指引"><span>方针与指引</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%BA%92%E5%8A%A9%E5%AE%A2%E6%A0%88" title="参与维基百科社群的讨论"><span>互助客栈</span></a></li><li id="n-Information_desk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E9%97%AE%E7%AD%94" title="解答任何与维基百科无关的问题的地方"><span>知识问答</span></a></li><li id="n-conversion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%AD%97%E8%AF%8D%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2" title="提出字词转换请求"><span>字词转换</span></a></li><li id="n-IRC" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC%E8%81%8A%E5%A4%A9%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93"><span>IRC即时聊天</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E8%81%94%E7%BB%9C%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC" title="如何联络维基百科"><span>联络我们</span></a></li><li id="n-about" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E" title="查看维基百科的简介"><span>关于维基百科</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="维基百科" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-zh.svg" style="width: 6.5625em; height: 1.375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="自由的百科全书" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-zh.svg" width="103" height="14" style="width: 6.4375em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>搜索</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="搜索维基百科" aria-label="搜索维基百科" autocapitalize="sentences" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:搜索"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">搜索</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="个人工具"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="更改页面字体大小、宽度和颜色的外观" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="外观" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">外观</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%8A%AB+%28%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%29" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%8A%AB+%28%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%29" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%8A%AB+%28%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%29" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%8A%AB+%28%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%29" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-劫的種類" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#劫的種類"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>劫的種類</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-劫的種類-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关劫的種類子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-劫的種類-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-印度教" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#印度教"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>印度教</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-印度教-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-佛教" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#佛教"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>佛教</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-佛教-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-劫数的算法" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#劫数的算法"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>劫数的算法</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-劫数的算法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-大劫大灾" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#大劫大灾"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>大劫大灾</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-大劫大灾-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-四劫" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#四劫"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>四劫</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-四劫-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-增減劫" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#增減劫"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.4</span> <span>增減劫</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-增減劫-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-三災" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#三災"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.5</span> <span>三災</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-三災-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-道教" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#道教"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>道教</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-道教-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-五劫" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#五劫"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>五劫</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-五劫-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-派生" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#派生"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>派生</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-派生-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">劫 (時間)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。37种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa" title="Kalpa – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kalpa" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7_(%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A9)" title="كالبا (فترة) – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كالبا (فترة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA_(%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC)" title="কল্প (সময়) – 阿萨姆语" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কল্প (সময়)" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿萨姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA" title="কল্প – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কল্প" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa" title="Kalpa – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Kalpa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa" title="Kalpa – 克里米亚鞑靼语" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Kalpa" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="克里米亚鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa_(Mythologie)" title="Kalpa (Mythologie) – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kalpa (Mythologie)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa_(time)" title="Kalpa (time) – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Kalpa (time)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpo" title="Kalpo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kalpo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa" title="Kalpa – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Kalpa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa_(ajanjakso)" title="Kalpa (ajanjakso) – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kalpa (ajanjakso)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa_(temps)" title="Kalpa (temps) – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Kalpa (temps)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA" title="कल्प – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कल्प" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa_(eon)" title="Kalpa (eon) – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kalpa (eon)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa_(satuan_waktu)" title="Kalpa (satuan waktu) – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kalpa (satuan waktu)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa" title="Kalpa – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Kalpa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%AB" title="劫 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="劫" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%94" title="កប្ប – 高棉语" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="កប្ប" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B3%E0%B3%81" title="ಕಲ್ಪಗಳು – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಲ್ಪಗಳು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%BC%ED%8C%8C" title="칼파 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="칼파" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa" title="Kalpa – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kalpa" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%82" title="കല്പം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കല്പം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA" title="ကပ် – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကပ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA" title="कल्प – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कल्प" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eon_(boeddhisme)" title="Eon (boeddhisme) – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Eon (boeddhisme)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa" title="Kalpa – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kalpa" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa" title="Kalpa – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kalpa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa_(tempo)" title="Kalpa (tempo) – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Kalpa (tempo)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Кальпа – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кальпа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B4" title="කල්ප – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කල්ප" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa_(budizem)" title="Kalpa (budizem) – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kalpa (budizem)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalpa_(tidsenhet)" title="Kalpa (tidsenhet) – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kalpa (tidsenhet)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="கல்பகாலம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கல்பகாலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81_(%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%82)" title="కల్పము (కాలమానం) – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కల్పము (కాలమానం)" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9B" title="กัป – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กัป" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Кальпа – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кальпа" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Кальпа – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кальпа" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q864326#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&oldid=82940311" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E5%8A%AB_%28%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%29&id=82940311&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%258A%25AB_%28%25E6%2599%2582%25E9%2596%2593%29"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrKodu&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E5%258A%25AB_%28%25E6%2599%2582%25E9%2596%2593%29"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E5%8A%AB_%28%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%29&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q864326" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li::after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li::after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li::after{content:"、";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:"（"counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li::after{content:"，"}.mw-parser-output .sslist li::after{content:"；"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child::after{content:none}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84913072">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.2em;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%;border-collapse:collapse;display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:table!important;float:right!important;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em!important}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-subgroup{width:100%;margin:0;border-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-none{float:none;clear:both;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-outer-title{padding:0 0.4em 0.2em;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-image{padding:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-top-caption,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:100%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-subgroup,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-subgroup,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist nounderlines skin-invert" style="float: right; clear: both; border: 2px solid #af4630; background: #ffffe8; text-align:center;width:200px;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dharma_Wheel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/120px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/180px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Dharma_Wheel.svg/240px-Dharma_Wheel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;">基本教義</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E8%B0%9B" title="四谛">四圣谛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E8%81%96%E9%81%93%E5%88%86" title="八聖道分">八正道</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E5%9B%A0%E7%BC%98" title="十二因缘">十二因缘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%8A" title="蘊">五蘊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%A3%E8%B5%B7" title="緣起">緣起</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="空 (佛教)">空性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%A0%E6%9E%9C%E8%AE%BA_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="因果论 (佛教)">因果</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%AD_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="業 (佛教)">業</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%88%92%E5%BE%8B" title="佛教戒律">戒律</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%97%E5%A5%88%E8%80%B6" title="毗奈耶">毗奈耶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%B8%E7%BE%85" title="尸羅">尸羅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%88%92" title="五戒">五戒</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%AA%E9%82%A3" title="禪那">禪那</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9A%E5%A4%84" title="业处">业处</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AE%E5%9B%9E" title="轮回">轮回</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E5%AF%86" title="波羅密">波羅密</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E6%A7%83" title="涅槃">涅槃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E5%A6%82_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="真如 (佛教)">真如</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%80%A7" title="佛性">佛性</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%88%E4%BE%9D" title="皈依">皈依</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%AE%9D_(%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99)" title="三宝 (佛教)">三寶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B3%95%E5%8D%B0" title="三法印">三法印</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%B8%8E%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E5%9F%BA%E6%9C%AC%E5%85%B1%E8%AF%86" title="上座部佛教与大乘佛教的基本共识">佛教共識宣言</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%9C%E4%BD%8D" title="果位">修行成就/果位</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B" title="佛">佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8" title="菩萨">菩萨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9F%E6%94%AF%E4%BD%9B" title="辟支佛">辟支佛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%90%91%E5%9B%9B%E6%9E%9C" title="四向四果">四向四果</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%BD%97%E6%B1%89" title="阿罗汉">阿罗汉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%82%A3%E5%90%AB" title="阿那含">阿那含</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E9%99%80%E5%90%AB" title="斯陀含">斯陀含</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%88%E9%99%80%E6%B4%B9" title="須陀洹">須陀洹</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教人物列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List_of_Buddhists"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教人物列表（页面不存在）">人物</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Buddhists" class="extiw" title="en:List of Buddhists"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List_of_Buddhists</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8A%E8%BF%A6%E7%89%9F%E5%B0%BC" title="释迦牟尼">释迦牟尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%A4%A7%E5%BC%9F%E5%AD%90" title="十大弟子">十大弟子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E5%A4%9A%E8%A1%8D%E5%B0%BC%E5%AD%90" title="迦多衍尼子">迦多衍尼子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E9%B3%B4" title="馬鳴">馬鳴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%8D%E6%A8%B9" title="龍樹">龍樹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E5%A9%86_(%E4%BA%BA%E5%90%8D)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="提婆 (人名)">提婆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E8%91%97" title="无著">无著</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E4%BA%B2" title="世亲">世亲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A6%BA%E9%9F%B3" title="覺音">覺音</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B8%A0%E6%91%A9%E7%BD%97%E4%BB%80" title="鸠摩罗什">鸠摩罗什</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%A7%E9%81%A0" title="慧遠">慧遠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%A9%E6%8F%90%E8%BE%BE%E6%91%A9" title="菩提达摩">菩提达摩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%BA%E9%A1%97" title="智顗">智顗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%84%E5%A5%98" title="玄奘">玄奘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E8%83%BD" title="惠能">惠能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%AE%E8%8A%B1%E7%94%9F" title="蓮花生">蓮花生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E5%96%80%E5%B7%B4" title="宗喀巴">宗喀巴</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%B4%BE%E5%88%AB" title="佛教派别">宗派</a>、國家和地區</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E6%B4%BE%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="部派佛教">部派</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="大乘佛教">大乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%AE%97" title="密宗">金剛乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="上座部佛教">上座部</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E4%B9%98" title="三乘">三乘</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="大乘佛教">大乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9F%E6%94%AF%E4%BD%9B" title="辟支佛">中乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E4%B9%98%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="小乘佛教">小乘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E4%BD%9B%E4%B9%98" title="一佛乘">一佛乘</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E4%BC%A0%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="汉传佛教">漢傳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="藏傳佛教">藏傳</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="藏傳佛教史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of Tibetan Buddhism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%97%8F%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="藏傳佛教史（页面不存在）">藏傳佛教史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Tibetan_Buddhism" class="extiw" title="en:History of Tibetan Buddhism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of Tibetan Buddhism</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="印度佛教">印度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E9%87%8C%E5%85%B0%E5%8D%A1%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="斯里兰卡佛教">斯里蘭卡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%AC%E7%94%B8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="緬甸佛教">緬甸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9C%8B%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="泰國佛教">泰國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="中国佛教">中國大陸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="台灣佛教">台灣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="日本佛教">日本</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="新加坡佛教">新加坡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="马来西亚佛教">马来西亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9C%8B%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="蒙古國佛教">蒙古國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">歐美</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="佛教历史">歷史</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="佛教历史">佛教历史</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="佛教時間線">佛教時間線</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E9%9B%86" title="结集">结集</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%A7%8B%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6" title="原始佛教研究">原始佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9D%E6%9C%9F%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="初期佛教">初期佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B9%E6%9C%AC%E5%88%86%E8%A3%82" title="根本分裂">根本分裂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A8%E6%B4%BE%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="部派佛教">部派佛教</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%9C%BE%E9%83%A8" title="大眾部">大眾部</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8" title="上座部">上座部</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%82%B2%E7%8E%8B" title="阿育王">阿育王</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8A%E5%BA%A7%E9%83%A8%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="上座部佛教">南傳佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%82%B3%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="北傳佛教">北傳佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%9C%A8%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%9A%84%E8%A1%B0%E8%90%BD" title="佛教在印度的衰落">於印度衰落</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E9%9B%A3" title="法難">法難</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%8E%B0%E4%BB%A3%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="佛教现代主义">佛教现代主义</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%96%93%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="人間佛教">人間佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A5%E4%B8%96%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="入世佛教">左翼佛教</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E7%BB%8F" title="佛经">經籍</a>舉要</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E7%BB%8F" title="大藏经">大藏经</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%88%A9%E4%B8%89%E8%97%8F" title="巴利三藏">巴利大藏經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E7%BB%8F" title="大藏经">漢文大藏經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8F%E6%96%87%E5%A4%A7%E8%97%8F%E7%BB%8F" title="藏文大藏经">藏文大藏经</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%90%AB%E7%B6%93" title="阿含經">阿含經</a> <ul><li>南传<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%9F%AF%E8%80%B6" title="尼柯耶">尼柯耶</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%8F%A5%E7%B6%93" title="法句經">法句經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%88%AC%E8%8B%A5%E7%BB%8F" title="大般若经">大般若经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AC%E8%8B%A5%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E8%9C%9C%E5%A4%9A%E5%BF%83%E7%B6%93" title="般若波羅蜜多心經">心經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%89%9B%E7%B6%93" title="金剛經">金剛經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A6%99%E6%B3%95%E8%8E%B2%E5%8D%8E%E7%BB%8F" title="妙法莲华经">法華經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%B7%B1%E5%AF%86%E7%B6%93" title="解深密經">解深密經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E5%9A%B4%E7%B6%93" title="華嚴經">華嚴經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E6%91%A9%E8%A9%B0%E6%89%80%E8%AA%AA%E7%B6%93" title="維摩詰所說經">維摩經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%85%E6%A7%83%E7%B6%93" class="mw-disambig" title="涅槃經">涅槃經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9E%E4%BC%BD%E7%B6%93" title="楞伽經">楞伽經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%82%B2%E5%92%92" title="大悲咒">大悲咒</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%9E%E5%9A%B4%E7%B6%93" title="楞嚴經">楞嚴經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%86%E8%A7%89%E7%BB%8F" title="圆觉经">圆觉经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A5%E5%B8%AB%E7%90%89%E7%92%83%E5%85%89%E5%A6%82%E4%BE%86%E6%9C%AC%E9%A1%98%E5%8A%9F%E5%BE%B7%E7%B6%93" title="藥師琉璃光如來本願功德經">藥師經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E8%97%8F%E8%8F%A9%E8%90%A8%E6%9C%AC%E6%84%BF%E7%BB%8F" title="地藏菩萨本愿经">地藏經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%BD%8C%E9%99%80%E7%B6%93" title="阿彌陀經">阿彌陀經</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E7%A5%96%E5%9D%9B%E7%BB%8F" title="六祖坛经">坛经</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9C%E4%BC%BD%E5%B8%AB%E5%9C%B0%E8%AB%96" title="瑜伽師地論">瑜伽論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%99%BA%E5%BA%A6%E8%AB%96" title="大智度論">大智度論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%AF%97%E8%BE%BE%E7%A3%A8%E4%BF%B1%E8%88%8D%E8%AE%BA" title="阿毗达磨俱舍论">俱舍論</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%81%96%E5%9C%B0" title="佛教聖地">聖地</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%AF%BA" title="佛寺">佛寺</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E8%88%8D" title="精舍">精舍</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%A3%E5%9C%B0" title="八大圣地">八圣地</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E5%A4%A7%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%90%8D%E5%B1%B1" title="四大佛教名山">四道場</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E6%97%8F%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD%E9%87%8D%E7%82%B9%E5%AF%BA%E9%99%A2" title="汉族地区佛教全国重点寺院">汉地寺院</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%A1%94%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古塔列表（页面不存在）">佛塔列表</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background: #ffeec2;text-align: center;">相關主題</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align: left;"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93" title="佛教藝術">艺术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%BF%AE%E8%A1%8C%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="佛教修行制度">修学制度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="Category:佛教組織">組織</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9" title="Category:佛教人物">人物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF" title="Category:佛教模板">佛教模板</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E4%B8%BB%E9%A2%98" title="Template:佛教主题">佛教主題</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:TheravadaBuddhism" title="Template:TheravadaBuddhism">上座部佛教</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:PaliCanon" title="Template:PaliCanon">巴利聖典</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B9%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E5%88%A4" title="对佛教的批判">批評</a></li> <li>論諍 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%B9%98%E9%9D%9E%E4%BD%9B%E8%AA%AA%E8%AB%96%E8%AB%8D" title="大乘非佛說論諍">大乘非佛說</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E6%96%B9%E8%AB%B8%E4%BD%9B%E8%AB%8D%E8%AB%96" title="十方諸佛諍論">十方諸佛</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist"> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="佛教大綱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of Buddhism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E5%A4%A7%E7%B6%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="佛教大綱（页面不存在）">佛教大綱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_Buddhism" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of Buddhism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of Buddhism</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dharma_Wheel.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/18px-Dharma_Wheel.gif" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/27px-Dharma_Wheel.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Dharma_Wheel.gif/36px-Dharma_Wheel.gif 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Portal:佛教">佛教主題</a> <a href="/wiki/WikiProject:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="WikiProject:佛教">佛教专题</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Template:佛教"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Template talk:佛教"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:佛教"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>劫數</b>，又稱<b>劫波</b>或<b>劫簸</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="梵語">梵語</a>：<span lang="sa">कल्प</span>，kalpa），簡稱“劫”，是印度教及<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%83%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="大千世界">佛教宇宙觀</a>術語，原是古印度人用以计算时间单位的通称。意思是一段對人類來說極長或极短的时间，长可以长到无限长，短也可以短到一刹那<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。首次提到這個概念的是《<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E8%A8%B6%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E5%A4%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="摩訶婆羅多">摩訶婆羅多</a>》。西方有時會將「劫」譯成「aeon」。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="劫的種類"><span id=".E5.8A.AB.E7.9A.84.E7.A8.AE.E9.A1.9E"></span>劫的種類</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：劫的種類"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="印度教"><span id=".E5.8D.B0.E5.BA.A6.E6.95.99"></span>印度教</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：印度教"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99" title="印度教">印度教</a>中，根據《<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%80%E4%B8%96%E4%B9%A6" title="往世书">往世書</a>》（特別是<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Vishnu Purana" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Vishnu Purana"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vishnu_Purana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vishnu Purana（页面不存在）">Vishnu Purana</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vishnu_Purana" class="extiw" title="en:Vishnu Purana"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Vishnu Purana</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>和<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Bhagavata Purana" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bhagavata Purana"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bhagavata_Purana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bhagavata Purana（页面不存在）">Bhagavata Purana</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana" class="extiw" title="en:Bhagavata Purana"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bhagavata Purana</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>），1摩诃宇迦分为4宇迦： </p> <ul><li>1圆满时（Krita Yuga）= 4,800天年 = 1,728,000年</li> <li>1三分时（Treta Yuga）= 3,600天年 = 1,296,000年</li> <li>1二分时（Dvapara Yuga）= 2,400天年 = 864,000年</li> <li>1争斗时（Kali Yuga）= 1,200天年 = 432,000年</li></ul> <p>1摩诃宇迦 = 12000天年 = 4,320,000<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9E%E5%BD%92%E5%B9%B4" title="回归年">太陽年</a>。 </p><p>每劫有14个摩奴期，每个摩奴期分为71个摩诃宇迦，加上每个摩奴期前后过渡是1个圆满时的时长，每劫总时长共1000个摩诃宇迦。 </p><p>1劫之后是等长的瓦解期，共同构成了梵天的一昼和一夜，也就是梵天日。梵天月包含30个梵天日，也就是2592亿年。 </p><p>根据《摩诃婆罗多》，12个梵天月构成了梵天年，100梵天年被称为大劫，1大劫（36,000劫+36,000瓦解期）= 311.04万亿年。 </p><p>梵天的五十年已经过去了，现在是在祂五十一岁的第一天。在劫末，世界将被火焚灭。根据《摩蹉往世书》当前劫名为<i><b>Śveta。</b></i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="佛教"><span id=".E4.BD.9B.E6.95.99"></span>佛教</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：佛教"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="劫数的算法"><span id=".E5.8A.AB.E6.95.B0.E7.9A.84.E7.AE.97.E6.B3.95"></span>劫数的算法</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：劫数的算法"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a>也有劫的概念，分為三等：小劫、中劫、大劫，且劫数自有其算法：《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%99%BA%E5%BA%A6%E8%AB%96" title="大智度論">大智度論</a>》（？）<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83946278">.mw-parser-output .template-facttext{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color:inherit;margin:-.3em 0;padding:.3em 0}</style><mark class="template-facttext" title="需要提供文献来源">自壽自十歲，百年增一至八萬四千歲為止，然後再百年減一至十歲為止，如是一增一減，為一小劫在《阿毘達磨大毘婆沙論》卷135說到：「劫有三種。一中間劫。二成壞劫。三大劫。中間劫復有三種。一減劫。二增劫。三增減劫。減者從人壽無量。歲減至十歲。增者從人壽十歲增至八萬歲。增減者從人壽十歲增至八萬歲。復從八萬歲減至十歲。此中一減一增十八增減。有二十中間劫經二十中劫世間成。二十中劫成已住。此合名成劫。經二十中劫世間壞。二十中劫壞已空。此合名壞劫。總八十中劫合名大劫。 </mark></p><p>一小劫 n=1∑839n=2839×(839+1)=352,020 T=84000+100×352020=35,208,400年X2 =70,416,800)，二十小劫為一中劫(70,416,800年 X 20 = 14億833萬6000年)，四中劫為一大劫(14億833萬6000年 X 4=56億3334萬4000年。三大阿僧祇劫為56億3334萬4000年X3=169億3萬2000年。<sup class="noprint Template-Fact"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="来源请求开始于2023年10月24日。">[來源請求]</span></a></sup> </p><p>當今世界所處的劫是<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%A2%E5%8A%AB" title="賢劫">賢劫</a>，故賢劫也稱「現在劫」。 </p><p>二十小劫為一中刧見於《三藏法數》 ﹝出佛祖統紀﹞: </p><p>劫，梵語具云劫波，華言分別時節。謂人壽八萬四千歲時，歷過百年，則壽減一歲；如是減至人壽十歲則止。復過百年，則增一歲，如是增至八萬四千歲。此一增一減，名為一小劫。如是二十增減，名為一中劫。總成、住、壞、空四中劫，名為一大劫。 </p><p>一、成劫。成劫者，謂世界初成立也。有二十小劫。第一小劫，因過去劫壞空之後，第二禪光音天空中布金色雲，注大洪雨，積風輪上，結為水輪；有大風起，吹水生沫，而成須彌等山。時一切有情皆集光音天中。天眾既多，居處迫窄。其福減者，下生世間。最初有一天子從光音天沒，來生大梵天中，是為梵王，其壽六十小劫。第二小劫，光音諸天來生初禪梵世天中，為梵輔天，其壽四十小劫。第三小劫，光音諸天復有來生梵世天中，為梵眾天，其壽二十小劫。如是漸漸下生欲界天中。時光音諸天，有福盡者，化生為人，飛行自在，無有男女之相；地涌甘泉，味如酥蜜，因試嘗之，遂生味著，失其神通，及以身光。世間大暗，黑風吹海，漂出日月，置須彌山腹，照四天下，乃有晝夜。彼時眾生由耽地味，顏色麤悴；復食自然粳稻，殘穢在身，為欲蠲除，便生二道，成男女根。宿習力故，便生淫欲，夫妻共住。光音諸天後來生者，入母胎中，遂有胎生。時自然粳稻，朝刈暮熟，刈復隨生，米長四寸。後因人多，貪取漸生，糠刈已不生。第四小劫，乃至第二十小劫，皆悉一增一減，名為成劫。 </p><p>二、住劫。住劫者，謂世界安住也。有二十小劫。第九小劫，人壽減至五萬歲時，第一拘留孫佛出世；減至四萬歲時，第二拘那含牟尼佛出世；減至二萬歲時，第三迦葉佛出世；減至一百歲時，第四釋迦牟尼佛出世。第十小劫，人壽減至八萬歲時，第五彌勒佛出世；第十五小劫，於減劫中，第六師子佛乃至欲樂佛，凡九百九十四佛相繼出興，說法度人。第二十小劫，於增劫中，樓至佛出世，滿足一千也。已上二十小劫，皆悉一增一減，名為住劫。    </p><p>三、壞劫。壞劫者，謂世界壞減也。有二十小劫。如火災起時，壞至初禪天。始從地獄，終至梵天，有情眾生，經十九增減劫，次第壞盡。唯器世間空曠而住，乃至一切有情都盡，最後一增減劫，方壞器世間。有七日從海底出，大海盡竭，須彌崩壞，風吹猛燄，燒上梵天，悉成灰燼；乃至三千世界一時燒盡，名為壞劫。（器世間者，世界如器故也。梵天，即初禪天也。三千世界者，小千、中千、大千也。) </p><p>四、空劫。空劫者，謂世界空虛也。有二十小劫。壞劫之後，自初禪梵世已下，世界空虛，猶如墨穴，無晝夜日月，唯大黑暗，名為空劫。 </p><p>佛教认为凡人所身处的人間正处于上述的「成、住、坏、空」四大阶段，每一阶段的时间过程均为二十个中劫，在这四大阶段中，唯有「住」的阶段，可以供凡人生存。初「成」的阶段是由气体变化至液体，再由液体而凝固成固体，如此循环往复的一种环境，所以不适宜凡人的生活。到了「坏」的阶段，人間正处于剧烈的破坏之中，也不适合凡人生存；据<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E5%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="佛典">佛典</a>记载, 人間是经过四十九次大火灾、七次大水灾、一次大风灾后才衰壞的。「坏」劫终了，「空」劫便随之开始，在空无一物的状态中再经过二十中劫，另一全新状态下的人間便又逐渐形成，进而进入另一期的「成」的阶段。佛教把这“成、住、坏、空”四大阶段，分别称为成劫、住劫、坏劫、空劫<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>在《俱舍论记》卷第十二：经二十中劫世间‘成’，二十中劫成已‘住’，此合名成劫。经二十中劫世间‘坏，二十中劫坏已‘空’，此合名坏劫。总八十中劫合名“大劫”。朱芾煌《法相辞典》中解释一大劫：《瑜伽二卷六页云：又此世间，二十中劫坏，二十中劫坏已空，二十中劫空已成，二十中劫成已住。如是八十中劫，假立为一大劫数。》因此，一大劫相当于268.768亿年。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>也有以佛與<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9F%E6%94%AF%E4%BD%9B" title="辟支佛">辟支佛</a>出世與否來計算的，分為「大劫」（mahākalpa）和「中劫」（antarakalpa）兩種，「小劫」同「中劫」。這種算法的「劫」沒有固定長度，但80中劫即等於1大劫，若按以上算法推度，此一大劫為268億7680萬年。<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="大劫大灾"><span id=".E5.A4.A7.E5.8A.AB.E5.A4.A7.E7.81.BE"></span>大劫大灾</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：大劫大灾"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>现在大劫为<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%A2%E5%8A%AB" title="賢劫"><b>贤劫</b></a>，上一大劫为<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%8A%E5%9A%B4%E5%8A%AB" title="莊嚴劫"><b>庄严劫</b></a>，下一大劫为<b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%98%9F%E5%AE%BF%E5%8A%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="星宿劫（页面不存在）">星宿劫</a></b> </p><p>每大劫必终于一灾，或火灾，或水灾，或风灾；其规律是：七大劫终结于<b>火灾</b>，第八大劫终结于<b>水灾</b>，第六十四大劫终结于<b>风灾</b>，三大灾总共六十四大劫组成一个循环。 </p><p><b>火灾</b>烧至初禅天 </p><p><b>水灾</b>淹至二禅天 </p><p><b>风灾</b>吹至三禅天 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="四劫"><span id=".E5.9B.9B.E5.8A.AB"></span>四劫</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：四劫"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>每大劫有<b>成</b>、<b>住</b>、<b>坏</b>、<b>空</b>各二十小劫 </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%90%E5%8A%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="成劫（页面不存在）">成劫</a>：四中劫第一劫。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%8F%E5%8A%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="住劫（页面不存在）">住劫</a>：四中劫第二劫。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A3%9E%E5%8A%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="壞劫（页面不存在）">壞劫</a>：四中劫第三劫。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%BA%E5%8A%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="空劫（页面不存在）">空劫</a>：四中劫第四劫。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="增減劫"><span id=".E5.A2.9E.E6.B8.9B.E5.8A.AB"></span>增減劫</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：增減劫"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>一個小劫由一個減劫和一個增劫所構成。 </p> <ul><li>減劫：從人壽八萬四千歲時開始，每一個百年減壽一歲起算，遞減至人壽十歲便死，這段期間稱為減劫。一個減劫是半個<b>小劫</b>（84000－10）x 100 = 839万9000年。在減劫存續期間，世人道德水平不断下降，起初聖賢仍然在世的時候，<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E5%A9%86_(%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1)" title="提婆 (印度神話)">提婆</a>與凡人能夠直接交流，世人遵循<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95_(%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8)" title="法 (印度哲學)">恆法</a>、抑惡揚善，但後來凡人逐漸忽視恆法、遠離提婆，雖然凡人仍然以人倫為<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%90%86_(%E5%84%92%E5%AE%B6)" title="天理 (儒家)">天理</a>，制定禮節以維持社會秩序，但是到了後來人性逐漸敗壞，当人壽減至十歲時，人性接近泯滅，世間災難頻生，<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%84%E4%BC%BD%E6%A2%B5" title="薄伽梵">薄伽梵</a>哀愍众生也无法扭转众生自感的果报，世間充滿末劫的殘酷景象。</li></ul> <ul><li>增劫：從人壽十歲開始，每一個一百年增壽一歲起算，漸增至人壽八萬四千歲，這段期間稱為增劫。一個增劫即是半個<b>小劫</b>（84000－10）x 100 = 839万9000年。在減劫即將結束、人壽只剩十歲時，世人開始察覺到自己的罪業，為此棄惡行善、遵循<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%81%93" class="mw-disambig" title="天道">天道</a>，人壽因而增加，增劫就此開始。若有佛陀前來弘法，世人便會努力修持<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="佛法">佛法</a>，使得天下太平。例如在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%91%E5%A9%86%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C" title="娑婆世界">娑婆世界</a> 目前此一小劫中的增劫開始時，世人起初遵循<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%B5" title="梵">梵法</a>、努力行善，使得世間苦難減少，但這始終並非解脫之道，只能令世人得享和平，根本不能出離世間。直到人壽增至八萬歲時，<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%8C%E5%8B%92%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" title="彌勒菩薩">彌勒菩薩</a>应世救度眾生，佛法因而復興，眾生得度者無可計量。在往後的數千年間，世間風調雨順、一片祥和，至人壽八萬四千歲時，增劫便會結束。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="三災"><span id=".E4.B8.89.E7.81.BD"></span>三災</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：三災"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%80%E5%85%B5%E5%8A%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="刀兵劫（页面不存在）">刀兵劫</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="戰爭">戰爭</a>。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%96%BE%E7%96%AB%E5%8A%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="疾疫劫（页面不存在）">疾疫劫</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E7%98%9F%E7%96%AB" title="瘟疫">瘟疫</a>。</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A5%91%E9%A5%89%E5%8A%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="饑饉劫（页面不存在）">饑饉劫</a>：<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%A2%E8%8D%92" class="mw-redirect" title="飢荒">飢荒</a>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="道教"><span id=".E9.81.93.E6.95.99"></span>道教</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：道教"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="五劫"><span id=".E4.BA.94.E5.8A.AB"></span>五劫</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：五劫"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%93%E6%95%99" title="道教">道教</a>指天地初分及化生万物的五大劫，万物演化的五个时期。 </p><p>《隋书·经籍志四》：“道经者，云有元始天尊，生于太元之先，禀自然之气，冲虚凝远，莫知其极。所以说天地沦坏，劫数终尽，略与佛经同。以为天尊之体，常存不灭。每至天地初开，或在玉京之上，或在穷桑之野，授以秘道，谓道教谓元始天尊年号之一。又为五劫之开劫度人。然其开劫，非一度矣，故有延康、赤明、龙汉、开皇，是其年号。其间相去经四十一亿万载。” </p><p>《双槐岁钞·皇极观物》：老氏之书曰：天地之数有五劫。东方起自子，曰<b>龙汉</b>，为<b>始劫</b>。南方起自寅，曰<b>赤明</b>，为<b>成劫</b>。中央起自卯，曰<b>上皇</b>，北方起自午，曰<b>开皇</b>，俱为<b>住劫</b>。西方起自酉终於戌，曰<b>延康</b>，为<b>坏劫</b>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="派生"><span id=".E6.B4.BE.E7.94.9F"></span>派生</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：派生"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>「劫」的本意是一段極長的時間，一劫過後宇宙毁滅並重新開始。 </p><p>現代<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="漢語">漢語</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="日語">日語</a>均有很多詞彙與「劫」有關。「劫」自取災難的意思時有「劫難」、「劫火」、「在劫難逃」等詞；取極長乃至無限的時間的意義時則有「億劫」、「永劫」等詞，無災難的意義。現代中文裏一般借指天災人禍<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，而日文更多的是保留了時間的概念<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8D%E6%A3%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="圍棋">圍棋</a>術語「<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%AB_(%E5%9B%B4%E6%A3%8B)" title="劫 (围棋)">劫</a>」借自佛教的「劫」，指爭奪某一從屬未定的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%8B%E7%9C%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="棋眼">棋眼</a>，因在填回前可無限次提對方的子而得名（故規定一方提子後另一方不得立即回提）。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%BF%81" title="五濁">五濁</a>：劫濁、見濁、煩惱濁、眾生濁、命濁</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9B%E6%82%89%E5%A3%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="四悉壇（页面不存在）">四悉壇</a>：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%82%89%E5%A3%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="世界悉壇（页面不存在）">世界悉壇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E9%96%93" title="世間">世間</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E7%89%B9%E5%A1%94%E7%BE%85%E7%89%8C#托特系統與偉特對照表" title="托特塔羅牌">新紀元</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%96%E5%9A%B4%E6%B3%95%E5%B8%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="聖嚴法師">圣严法师</a>.《正信的佛教》:P99</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">圣严法师.《正信的佛教》之<108自在语（第一集）>：P99.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shengyen.org.tw">圣严教育基金会</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20190906045005/http://www.shengyen.org.tw/">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221109080726/https://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4ccb7c3f0102wyin.html">劫，是一个时间单位。劫有大劫、中劫和小劫</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4ccb7c3f0102wyin.html">原始内容</a>存档于2022-11-09）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8A%AB+%28%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%29&rft.btitle=%E5%8A%AB%EF%BC%8C%E6%98%AF%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AA%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D%E3%80%82%E5%8A%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%A4%A7%E5%8A%AB%E3%80%81%E4%B8%AD%E5%8A%AB%E5%92%8C%E5%B0%8F%E5%8A%AB&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.sina.com.cn%2Fs%2Fblog_4ccb7c3f0102wyin.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《增壹阿含經》卷48〈50 禮三寶品〉：「然劫有二種：大劫、小劫。若於劫中無佛出世，爾時復有<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9F%E6%94%AF%E4%BD%9B" title="辟支佛">辟支佛</a>出世，此名為小劫。若如來於劫中出世，爾時彼劫中無有辟支佛出現於世，此名為大劫。比丘！當以此方便，知劫數長遠，不可稱計。是故，比丘！當憶此劫數之義。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zdic.net/z/16/xs/52AB.htm">汉典“劫”字的详细解释</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2014-05-11</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190429060410/http://www.zdic.net/z/16/xs/52AB.htm">存档</a>于2019-04-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8A%AB+%28%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%29&rft.btitle=%E6%B1%89%E5%85%B8%E2%80%9C%E5%8A%AB%E2%80%9D%E5%AD%97%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%A6%E7%BB%86%E8%A7%A3%E9%87%8A&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdic.net%2Fz%2F16%2Fxs%2F52AB.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="ja"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weblio.jp/content/%E5%8A%AB">劫とは - 世界宗教用語 Weblio辞書</a></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tripitaka.cbeta.org/T02n0125">《增壹阿含經》出自《大正新脩大藏經》，大藏出版株式會社</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220406063228/http://tripitaka.cbeta.org/T02n0125">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>） </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf;position:relative}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="宗教和神话中的时间" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#dd9;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E5%92%8C%E7%A5%9E%E8%AF%9D%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4" title="Template:宗教和神话中的时间"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E5%92%8C%E7%A5%9E%E8%AF%9D%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4" title="Template talk:宗教和神话中的时间"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E5%92%8C%E7%A5%9E%E8%AF%9D%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:宗教和神话中的时间"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="宗教和神话中的时间" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">宗教和神话中的时间</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cc9;">主条目</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4" title="时间">时间</a></b> — <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E5%AE%99%E5%AD%A6" title="宇宙学">宇宙学</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99" title="宗教">宗教</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E8%AF%9D" title="神话">神话</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%86" title="永恆">永恒</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B8%E6%81%92%E7%9A%84%E8%AF%81%E6%8D%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="永恒的证据（页面不存在）">永恒的证据</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E7%94%9F%E4%B8%8D%E8%80%81" title="长生不老">长生不老</a><br /> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/%E5%91%BD%E8%BF%90" class="mw-redirect" title="命运">命运</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BF%E5%91%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="宿命">宿命</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%97%E6%95%99%E4%B8%AD%E5%AE%BF%E5%91%BD%E7%9A%84%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宗教中宿命的类型（页面不存在）">宗教宿命论</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%84%E8%A8%80" title="预言">预言</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%88%E7%9F%A5" title="先知">先知</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A0%E5%8D%9C" title="占卜">占卜</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E4%B8%96%E8%AE%BA" title="末世论">末世论</a></dd></dl></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Heh.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Heh.svg/76px-Heh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="76" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Heh.svg/114px-Heh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Heh.svg/152px-Heh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="720" /></a></span><br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal:Time"><img alt="Portal:Time" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/16px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/24px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/32px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:Time&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:Time（页面不存在）">Time Portal</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cc9;">古代的<br /><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E8%88%87%E5%91%BD%E9%81%8B%E4%B9%8B%E7%A5%9E" title="Category:時間與命運之神">時間與命運之神</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><i><b>埃及</b></i> — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hemsut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hemsut（页面不存在）">Hemsut</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Huh_(god)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huh (god)（页面不存在）">Huh</a><br /> <p><i><b>古代近东</b></i> — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ashima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ashima（页面不存在）">Ashima</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E7%B5%B2%E5%A1%94" title="伊絲塔">伊絲塔</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mamitu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mamitu（页面不存在）">Mamitu</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mammetun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mammetun（页面不存在）">Mammetun</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Manah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manah（页面不存在）">Manah</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Manu_the_Great&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manu the Great（页面不存在）">Manu the Great</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meni（页面不存在）">Meni</a><br /> <i><b>希腊</b></i> — <b>命運三女神: <a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E4%BC%8A%E8%B5%96" title="摩伊赖">摩伊賴</a></b> — <a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%89%B9%E7%BD%97%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF" title="阿特罗波斯">阿特羅波斯</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%B4%9B%E6%89%98" title="克洛托">克洛托</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E5%88%BB%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF" title="拉刻西斯">拉刻西斯</a> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%8D%97%E5%88%BB" title="阿南刻">阿南刻</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Geras" class="mw-redirect" title="Geras">Geras</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E8%B3%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="荷賴">荷賴</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E7%BE%85%E8%AB%BE%E6%96%AF" title="柯羅諾斯">柯羅諾斯</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8F%90%E5%88%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="提刻（页面不存在）">提刻</a></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><i><b>罗马</b></i> — <b>因果论: <a href="/wiki/Parcae" class="mw-redirect" title="Parcae">Parcae</a></b> — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Decima_(mythology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Decima (mythology)（页面不存在）">Decima</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Morta_(mythology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Morta (mythology)（页面不存在）">Morta</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nona_(%E7%A5%9E%E8%AF%9D)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nona (神话)（页面不存在）">Nona</a> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><dl><dd><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camenae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Camenae（页面不存在）">Camenae</a>：</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antevorte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antevorte（页面不存在）">Antevorte</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Porrima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Porrima（页面不存在）">Porrima</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Carmenta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carmenta（页面不存在）">Carmenta</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Egeria_(mythology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Egeria (mythology)（页面不存在）">Egeria</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Postverta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Postverta（页面不存在）">Postverta</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aeternitas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aeternitas（页面不存在）">Aeternitas</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anna_Perenna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anna Perenna（页面不存在）">Anna Perenna</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E7%BE%85%E8%AB%BE%E6%96%AF" title="柯羅諾斯">柯羅諾斯</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%B0%94%E5%9B%BE%E5%A8%9C" title="福尔图娜">Fortuna</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vertumnus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vertumnus（页面不存在）">Vertumnus</a></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><b>伊特拉斯坎</b> — <a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E5%B0%94%E6%8F%90%E4%BA%9A" title="诺尔提亚">诺尔提亚</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%90%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" title="提尼亞">提尼亞</a><br /> <b>挪威</b> — 命運：<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E6%81%A9%E4%B8%89%E5%A5%B3%E7%A5%9E" title="諾恩三女神">諾恩三女神</a> — <a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%A9%E5%AF%87%E8%92%82" class="mw-redirect" title="詩寇蒂">詩寇蒂</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%96%87%E5%85%92%E4%B8%B9%E8%92%82" title="薇兒丹蒂">薇兒丹蒂</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%80%E5%85%92%E5%BE%B7" title="兀兒德">兀兒德</a><br /> </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd>日：（<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%94%E5%8F%A4" title="達古">達古</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E6%B3%95%E5%85%8B%E8%A5%BF%E5%92%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA%E6%B3%95%E5%85%8B%E8%A5%BF" title="赫利姆法克西和斯基法克西">斯基法克西</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> 夜：（<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E7%89%B9_(%E5%8C%97%E6%AD%90%E7%A5%9E%E8%A9%B1)" title="諾特 (北歐神話)">諾特</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%88%A9%E5%A7%86%E6%B3%95%E5%85%8B%E8%A5%BF%E5%92%8C%E6%96%AF%E5%9F%BA%E6%B3%95%E5%85%8B%E8%A5%BF" title="赫利姆法克西和斯基法克西">赫利姆法克西</a>）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> 季節：（Sumarr and Vetr）<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> 老年：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E9%87%8C" title="伊里">伊里</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> <p><i><b>巴伐利亚</b> — Fates: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beten_(mythology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beten (mythology)（页面不存在）">Beten</a><br /></i> <b>波罗地海</b> — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dalia_(mythology)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dalia (mythology)（页面不存在）">Dalia</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lauma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lauma（页面不存在）">Lauma</a><br /> <b>波兰</b> — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sudz（页面不存在）">Sudz</a><br /> <b>罗马尼亚</b> — Fates: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursitoare&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursitoare（页面不存在）">Ursitoare</a><br /> <b>其它欧洲国家</b> — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matres（页面不存在）">Matres</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="時間老人" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Father Time"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%99%82%E9%96%93%E8%80%81%E4%BA%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="時間老人（页面不存在）">時間老人</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Father_Time" class="extiw" title="en:Father Time"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Father Time</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span><br /> </p> <b>菲律宾</b> — <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kan-Laon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kan-Laon（页面不存在）">Kan-Laon</a><br /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cc9;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%95%99" title="印度教">印度教</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">劫</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="摩奴期" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Manvantara"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%91%A9%E5%A5%B4%E6%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="摩奴期（页面不存在）">摩奴期</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manvantara" class="extiw" title="en:Manvantara"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Manvantara</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%87%E8%BF%A6" title="宇迦">宇迦</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89_(%E6%A2%B5%E6%96%87)" class="mw-redirect" title="卡拉 (梵文)">卡拉</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%9B%86" class="mw-redirect" title="印度曆">印度曆</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%99%82%E6%AF%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="時母">時母</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cc9;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99" title="佛教">佛教</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%B6%E8%BD%AE" title="时轮">時輪</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%8C%E5%8B%92%E8%8F%A9%E8%96%A9" title="彌勒菩薩">彌勒菩薩</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E8%96%A9" title="布薩">布薩</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cc9;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E6%95%99" title="犹太教">犹太教</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ancient_of_Days&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ancient of Days（页面不存在）">Ancient of Days</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ein_Sof&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ein Sof（页面不存在）">Ein Sof</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E4%BC%AF%E6%9D%A5%E5%8E%86%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="希伯来历法">希伯来历法</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Missing_years_(Hebrew_calendar)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Missing years (Hebrew calendar)（页面不存在）">Missing years</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%B9%E5%A4%AA%E8%8A%82%E6%97%A5" title="犹太节日">犹太节日</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%80%BE%E8%B6%8A%E7%AF%80" title="逾越節">逾越節</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> Shabbaton<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%81%AF%E6%97%A5" title="安息日">安息日</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%81%AF%E5%B9%B4" title="安息年">安息年</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cc9;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99" title="基督教">基督教</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%8E%86" title="公历">公历</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%99%E4%BC%9A%E5%8E%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="教会历（页面不存在）">教会历</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99%E5%AE%89%E6%81%AF%E6%97%A5" title="基督教安息日">基督教安息日</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%A9%E6%B4%BB%E7%AF%80" title="復活節">復活節</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%A9%E6%B4%BB%E7%AF%80%E7%9A%84%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97" title="復活節的計算">復活節的計算</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Moveable_feast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Moveable feast（页面不存在）">Moveable feast</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%A9%E6%B4%BB%E7%AF%80%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%9F%E7%88%AD%E8%AB%96" title="復活節日期爭論">復活節日期爭論</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Quartodecimanism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quartodecimanism（页面不存在）">Quartodecimanism</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%8D%E6%B4%BB%E8%8A%82%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%9F%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="复活节日期改革（页面不存在）">复活节日期改革</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cc9;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E6%95%99" title="伊斯兰教">伊斯兰教</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%8E%86" title="伊斯兰历">伊斯兰历</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E7%AF%80%E6%97%A5" title="伊斯蘭教節日">伊斯蘭教節日</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E6%95%99%E5%AE%BF%E5%91%BD%E8%AB%96" title="伊斯蘭教宿命論">伊斯蘭教宿命論</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cc9;">其它传统</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dreamtime&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dreamtime（页面不存在）">Dreamtime</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dreaming_(story)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dreaming (story)（页面不存在）">The Dreaming</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oracle_bone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oracle bone（页面不存在）">Oracle bone</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E9%9B%85%E6%9B%86" title="瑪雅曆">瑪雅曆</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#cc9;">相关条目</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E6%9C%9F%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E6%97%A5%E5%AD%90" title="星期中的日子">星期中的日子</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=劫_(時間)&oldid=82940311">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=劫_(時間)&oldid=82940311</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E4%BD%9B%E6%95%99%E8%A1%93%E8%AA%9E" title="Category:佛教術語">佛教術語</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%97%B6%E9%97%B4%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" title="Category:时间单位">时间单位</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%A2%B5%E8%AF%AD%E8%AF%8D%E6%B1%87" title="Category:梵语词汇">梵语词汇</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">隐藏分类：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E6%97%A5%E8%AA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有日語的條目">含有日語的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E6%A2%B5%E8%AA%9E%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:含有梵語的條目">含有梵語的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA2023%E5%B9%B410%E6%9C%88%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%AA%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90%E8%AF%AD%E5%8F%A5%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:自2023年10月有未列明来源语句的条目">自2023年10月有未列明来源语句的条目</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> 本页面最后修订于2024年6月6日 (星期四) 09:43。</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">本站的全部文字在<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh">知识共享署名-相同方式共享 4.0协议</a>之条款下提供，附加条款亦可能应用。（请参阅<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">使用条款</a>）<br /> Wikipedia®和维基百科标志是<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/zh">维基媒体基金会</a>的注册商标；维基™是维基媒体基金会的商标。<br /> 维基媒体基金会是按美国国內稅收法501(c)(3)登记的<a class="external text" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tax_deductibility">非营利慈善机构</a>。<br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">隐私政策</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E">关于维基百科</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%8D%E8%B4%A3%E5%A3%B0%E6%98%8E">免责声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">行为准则</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">开发者</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/zh.wikipedia.org">统计</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">手机版视图</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-746fb5b8df-qg5rt","wgBackendResponseTime":164,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.356","walltime":"0.482","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1401,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":87595,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":9850,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":27,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":8,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":58752,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 370.729 1 -total"," 34.43% 127.629 1 Template:佛教"," 33.82% 125.394 1 Template:Sidebar_with_collapsible_lists"," 27.28% 101.152 1 Template:Lang-sa"," 20.95% 77.685 1 Template:Reflist"," 11.46% 42.500 2 Template:Cite_web"," 10.62% 39.386 1 Template:宗教和神话中的时间"," 9.66% 35.798 1 Template:Navbox"," 7.63% 28.304 1 Template:Lang"," 7.44% 27.588 8 Template:Flatlist"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.186","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":15145135,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-56cb5d5667-bbw8w","timestamp":"20241213134418","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u52ab (\u6642\u9593)","url":"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E5%8A%AB_(%E6%99%82%E9%96%93)","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q864326","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q864326","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u9879\u76ee\u8d21\u732e\u8005"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2012-03-05T20:56:27Z","dateModified":"2024-06-06T09:43:31Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/d\/df\/Dharma_Wheel.svg"}</script> </body> </html>