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Berurah</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mishn%C3%A1_Berur%C3%A1" title="Mishná Berurá – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mishná Berurá" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michna_Beroura" title="Michna Beroura – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Michna Beroura" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mishnah_Berurah" title="Mishnah Berurah – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mishnah Berurah" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94" title="משנה ברורה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="משנה ברורה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miszna_Berura" title="Miszna Berura – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Miszna Berura" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mishn%C3%A1_Brur%C3%A1" title="Mishná Brurá – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mishná Brurá" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Мишна брура – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мишна брура" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C5%A1na_Berura" title="Mišna Berura – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mišna Berura" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C5%9Fna_Berurah" title="Mişna Berurah – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mişna Berurah" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%; font-style:italic; padding-bottom:0.2em;">Mishnah Berurah <span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mishnah+Berurah&rft.author=Rabbi+%5B%5BYisrael+Meir+Kagan%5D%5D"></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94.jpg/220px-%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94.jpg/330px-%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94.jpg/440px-%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94.jpg 2x" data-file-width="539" data-file-height="660" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Author</th><td class="infobox-data">Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Yisrael_Meir_Kagan" title="Yisrael Meir Kagan">Yisrael Meir Kagan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Original title</th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Hebrew-language text"><i lang="he"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049405">.mw-parser-output .noitalic{font-style:normal}</style><span class="noitalic"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1241449095">.mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"Ezra SIL SR","Ezra SIL","SBL Hebrew","Taamey Frank CLM","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Frank Ruehl CLM","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}</style><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">משנה ברורה</span>‎</span></i></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Medieval_Hebrew" title="Medieval Hebrew">Hebrew</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Original text</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/he:%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94" class="extiw" title="s:he:משנה ברורה"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886049405"><span class="noitalic"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">משנה ברורה</span>‎</span></a></span></span> at Hebrew <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <i><b>Mishnah Berurah</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">משנה ברורה</span> "Clear Teaching") is a work of <i><a href="/wiki/Halakha" title="Halakha">halakha</a></i> (Jewish law) by <a href="/wiki/Rabbi" title="Rabbi">Rabbi</a> <a href="/wiki/Yisrael_Meir_Kagan" title="Yisrael Meir Kagan">Yisrael Meir Kagan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, 1838–1933, also known as <i>Chofetz Chaim</i>). It is a commentary on <i><a href="/wiki/Orach_Chayim" title="Orach Chayim">Orach Chayim</a></i>, the first section of the <i><a href="/wiki/Shulchan_Aruch" title="Shulchan Aruch">Shulchan Aruch</a></i> which deals with laws of prayer, <a href="/wiki/Synagogue" title="Synagogue">synagogue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shabbat" title="Shabbat">Shabbat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jewish_holidays" title="Jewish holidays">holidays</a>, summarizing the opinions of the <i><a href="/wiki/Acharonim" title="Acharonim">Acharonim</a></i> (post-Medieval rabbinic authorities) on that work.<sup id="cite_ref-JVL_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JVL-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The title comes from <a href="/wiki/Talmud_Bavli" class="mw-redirect" title="Talmud Bavli">Talmud Bavli</a> Masechet <a href="/wiki/Shabbat_(Talmud)" title="Shabbat (Talmud)">Shabbat</a> 138b-139a, "They will rove, seeking the word of the LORD, but they will not find it (<a href="/wiki/Book_of_Amos" title="Book of Amos">Amos</a> 8:12) -- they will not find clear teaching and clear law in one place." </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contents">Contents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mishnah_Berurah&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Contents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mishnah_Berurah_Tiferet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Mishnah_Berurah_Tiferet.jpg/220px-Mishnah_Berurah_Tiferet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="321" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Mishnah_Berurah_Tiferet.jpg/330px-Mishnah_Berurah_Tiferet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Mishnah_Berurah_Tiferet.jpg/440px-Mishnah_Berurah_Tiferet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1095" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption><i>Mishnah Berurah Tiferet</i>, published by Mifal Arzei Levanon, where <a href="/wiki/Sephardic_law_and_customs" title="Sephardic law and customs">Sephardic law and customs</a> are included printed</figcaption></figure> <p>The <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> is traditionally printed in 6 volumes alongside selected other commentaries. The work provides simple and contemporary explanatory remarks and citations to daily aspects of <i>halakha</i>. It is widely used as a reference and has mostly supplanted the <a href="/wiki/Chayei_Adam" title="Chayei Adam">Chayei Adam</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Aruch_HaShulchan" title="Aruch HaShulchan">Aruch HaShulchan</a> as the primary authority on Jewish daily living among <a href="/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jews" title="Ashkenazi Jews">Ashkenazi Jews</a>, particularly those closely associated with <i><a href="/wiki/Haredi" class="mw-redirect" title="Haredi">haredi</a></i> <i><a href="/wiki/Yeshiva" title="Yeshiva">yeshivas</a></i>. The <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> is accompanied by additional in-depth glosses called <i>Be'ur Halakha</i>, a reference section called <i>Sha'ar Hatziyun</i> (these two were also written by the <i>Chofetz Chaim</i>), and additional commentaries called <i>Be'er Hagolah</i>, <i>Be'er Heitev</i>, and <i>Sha'arei Teshuvah</i>. </p><p>The Mishnah Berurah's "literary style can be described as follows: In relation to a given law of the <i>Shulhan Aruch</i>, he raises a particular case with certain peculiarities that may change the law; then, he enumerates the opinions of the <i>Ahronim</i> (the later authorities, of the 16th century and on) on that case, from the most lenient to the most stringent ; and finally, he decides between them.... Having displayed what we may call the "leniency-stringency spectrum", [he] actually offers the reader an array of conduct options from which he may <i>pick</i> the one that seems right for him. This choice is not altogether free, since [he] shows a clear inclination to one side of the spectrum - the stringent - and encourages the reader to follow it, but still, the soft language of the ruling suggests that if one follows the other side of the spectrum, the lenient, he will not sin, since there are trustworthy authorities that may back his choice."<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Not all of the Mishnah Brurah was written by Kagan: some parts were instead written by his son or various students, which accounts for the existence of several contradictions between different rulings in the text.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Impact">Impact</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mishnah_Berurah&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Impact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Mishnah Berurah</i> has come to play a significant role in the study and practice of contemporary Ashkenazi Orthodox Jews. According to some, it is the "posek acharon" whose rulings are the last word on halachic issues it addresses.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As such, the "<a href="/wiki/Yeshivish" title="Yeshivish">yeshivish</a>" community tends to follow its rulings almost exclusively.<sup id="cite_ref-enkin_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-enkin-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, R' <a href="/wiki/Yosef_Eliyahu_Henkin" title="Yosef Eliyahu Henkin">Yosef Eliyahu Henkin</a> ruled that the <a href="/wiki/Aruch_haShulchan" class="mw-redirect" title="Aruch haShulchan">Aruch haShulchan</a> should be regarded as more authoritative for a number of reasons: it is the later of the two codes; it covers the entire Shulchan Aruch and not just Orach Chaim; it takes Jewish custom into account; it was written by a practicing rabbi who thus had more experience with halachic dilemmas.<sup id="cite_ref-enkin_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-enkin-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> R' <a href="/wiki/Moshe_Feinstein" title="Moshe Feinstein">Moshe Feinstein</a> also preferred the <i>Aruch Hashulchan</i>, for the last of these reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-enkin_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-enkin-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indeed, on a number of key issues, common Orthodox practice does not follow the Mishnah Berurah's stringencies.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"Mishnah Berurah Yomit" is a daily study programme initiated by <i>Vaad Daas Halacha</i> and the <a href="/wiki/Chofetz_Chaim_Heritage_Foundation" title="Chofetz Chaim Heritage Foundation">Chofetz Chaim Heritage Foundation</a>. The study program proceeds either on a 2½-year cycle ("<a href="/wiki/Daf_Yomi" title="Daf Yomi">Daf</a> a Day") or a 5-year cycle ("Amud a Day") and includes a focus on each <i><a href="/wiki/Jewish_holidays" title="Jewish holidays">Yom Tov</a></i> (festival) in the 30 preceding days. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mishnah_Berurah&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chayei_Adam" title="Chayei Adam">Chayei Adam</a></i>, a similar, earlier work</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aruch_HaShulchan" title="Aruch HaShulchan">Aruch HaShulchan</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Yechiel_Michel_Epstein" title="Yechiel Michel Epstein">Yechiel Michel Epstein</a> - a contemporaneous work tracing the development of each halakha from the <a href="/wiki/Talmud" title="Talmud">Talmud</a> through the <i><a href="/wiki/Rishonim" title="Rishonim">Rishonim</a></i> and arriving at a <i><a href="/wiki/Posek" title="Posek">psak</a></i> supported by the <i><a href="/wiki/Acharonim" title="Acharonim">Acharonim</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yaakov_Chaim_Sofer" title="Yaakov Chaim Sofer">Kaf Hachayim</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Yaakov_Chaim_Sofer" title="Yaakov Chaim Sofer">Yaakov Chaim Sofer</a> - a contemporaneous <a href="/wiki/Sephardic_Judaism" class="mw-redirect" title="Sephardic Judaism">Sephardi</a> work discussing <a href="/wiki/Orach_Chayim" title="Orach Chayim">Orach Chayim</a> and some of <a href="/wiki/Yoreh_De%27ah" title="Yoreh De'ah">Yoreh De'ah</a> in light of the <i><a href="/wiki/Rishonim" title="Rishonim">Rishonim</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Acharonim" title="Acharonim">Acharonim</a></i>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kitzur_Shulchan_Aruch_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kitzur Shulchan Aruch (book)">Kitzur Shulchan Aruch</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Shlomo_Ganzfried" title="Shlomo Ganzfried">Shlomo Ganzfried</a></li> <li>Other study cycles under <a href="/wiki/Torah_study#Study_cycles" title="Torah study">Torah study#Study cycles</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mishnah_Berurah&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For example: it is common to make tea from tea bags on <a href="/wiki/Shabbat" title="Shabbat">Shabbat</a>, to consume <i>chalav stam</i>, and say "yitgadal veyitkadash" in <a href="/wiki/Kaddish" title="Kaddish">Kaddish</a> (all of which <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> rules against); and Mishnah Berurah's ruling that girls must fully follow <a href="/wiki/Tzniut" title="Tzniut">tzniut</a> guidelines from age 3 is not universally followed.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mishnah_Berurah&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-JVL-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JVL_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/biography/chofetz.html">"The Chofetz Chaim - Rabbi Yisroel Meir HaKohen"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-10-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Chofetz+Chaim+-+Rabbi+Yisroel+Meir+HaKohen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jewishvirtuallibrary.org%2Fjsource%2Fbiography%2Fchofetz.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMishnah+Berurah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Benjamin Brown, "'Soft Stringency' in the Mishnah Vrurah: Jurisprudential, Social, and ideological Aspects of a Halachic Formulation," <i>Contemporary Jewry</i> 27 (2007), 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Kol Kitvei Chafetz Chaim</i> 3:43; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yivoencyclopedia.org/article.aspx/Yisrael_Meir_ha-Kohen">YIVO Encyclopedia: Yisra’el Me’ir ha-Kohen</a>; <i>Shemirat Shabbat ke-Hilkheta</i> (first edition, 1965, page 263, note 203); Jacob J. Schacter, “Facing the Truths of History,” footnote 114.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Rabbi Yair Hoffman, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161216132125/http://www.5tjt.com/the-chazzan-and-the-eggplant/">THE CHAZZAN AND THE EGGPLANT</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-enkin-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-enkin_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-enkin_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-enkin_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rabbi Ari Enkin, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.torahmusings.com/2012/02/mishna-berura-vs-aruch-hashulchan/">Mishna Berura vs. Aruch Hashulchan</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mishnah_Berurah&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFishbane1991" class="citation book cs1">Fishbane, Simcha (1991). <i>The Method and Meaning of the Mishnah Berurah</i>. Ktav Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0881253603" title="Special:BookSources/978-0881253603"><bdi>978-0881253603</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Method+and+Meaning+of+the+Mishnah+Berurah&rft.pub=Ktav+Publishing&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0881253603&rft.aulast=Fishbane&rft.aufirst=Simcha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMishnah+Berurah" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Broyde, Michael J. & <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBedzow2014" class="citation book cs1">Bedzow, Ira (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academicstudiespress.com/out-of-series/the-codification-of-jewish-law-and-an-introduction-to-the-jurisprudence-of-the-mishna-berura"><i>The Codification of Jewish Law and an Introduction to the Jurisprudence of the Mishna Berura</i></a>. Academic Studies Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1618112781" title="Special:BookSources/978-1618112781"><bdi>978-1618112781</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Codification+of+Jewish+Law+and+an+Introduction+to+the+Jurisprudence+of+the+Mishna+Berura&rft.pub=Academic+Studies+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1618112781&rft.aulast=Bedzow&rft.aufirst=Ira&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academicstudiespress.com%2Fout-of-series%2Fthe-codification-of-jewish-law-and-an-introduction-to-the-jurisprudence-of-the-mishna-berura&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMishnah+Berurah" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mishnah_Berurah&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/he:%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94" class="extiw" title="s:he:משנה ברורה">Mishna Berura at Hebrew Wikitext</a> (Hebrew text)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mishnaberura.eu5.org/">Mishna Berura</a> with easy navigation (Hebrew text)</li> <li>PDF scans of the 1991 edition, from hebrewbooks.org, with additional clickable table of contents sidebar.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/Boruch-Baum/Mishna_Berura_PDF-TOC/blob/main/Mishna_Berura_v1.pdf?raw=true">v1</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/Boruch-Baum/Mishna_Berura_PDF-TOC/blob/main/Mishna_Berura_v2.pdf?raw=true">v2</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/Boruch-Baum/Mishna_Berura_PDF-TOC/blob/main/Mishna_Berura_v3.pdf?raw=true">v3</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/Boruch-Baum/Mishna_Berura_PDF-TOC/blob/main/Mishna_Berura_v4.pdf?raw=true">v4</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/Boruch-Baum/Mishna_Berura_PDF-TOC/blob/main/Mishna_Berura_v5.pdf?raw=true">v5</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/Boruch-Baum/Mishna_Berura_PDF-TOC/blob/main/Mishna_Berura_v6.pdf?raw=true">v6</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/en:Mishna_Berura/Orach_Chaim" class="extiw" title="s:en:Mishna Berura/Orach Chaim">Wikisource translation</a> (incomplete, in progress)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://torah.org/series/mishna-berura/">Torah.org translation</a> (incomplete, in progress)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mishnaberurayomi.org/archive.php">Mishnah Berurah Yomi archives</a> (incomplete, in progress). This website distributes daily MP3 lectures and PDF digests. The PDF digests translate Orach Chayim and summarize the applicable Mishnah Berurah commentary. The website opened in late 2010 and plans to complete the cycle in late 2015.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/4966640/_Soft_Stringency_in_the_Mishnah_Brurah_Jurisprudential_Social_and_Ideological_Aspects_of_a_Halakhic_Formulation">Benjamin Brown, '"Soft Stringency" in the Mishnah Brurah: Jurisprudential, Social and Ideological Aspects of a Halakhic Formulation'</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output 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