CINXE.COM
Glossary
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Glossary</title> <meta name="description" content="OMA is a method and database for the inference of orthologs among complete genomes. Since 2004 it has been continuesly maintained and improved. We provide browsable orthology predictions, APIs, flat file downloads and a standalone version of the inference algorithm."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta name="keywords" content="orthology,evolutionary gene relations,evolution,paralogy,inference"> <!-- Matomo --> <script> var _paq = window._paq = window._paq || []; /* tracker methods like "setCustomDimension" should be called before "trackPageView" */ _paq.push(["setCookieDomain", "*.omabrowser.org"]); _paq.push(['trackPageView']); _paq.push(['enableLinkTracking']); (function() { var u="https://matomo.sib.swiss/"; _paq.push(['setTrackerUrl', u+'matomo.php']); _paq.push(['setSiteId', '6']); var d=document, g=d.createElement('script'), s=d.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; g.async=true; g.src=u+'matomo.js'; s.parentNode.insertBefore(g,s); })(); </script> <noscript><p><img src="https://matomo.sib.swiss/matomo.php?idsite=6&rec=1" style="border:0;" alt="" /></p></noscript> <!-- End Matomo Code --> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/static/image/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"> <!-- css includes --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@4.6.2/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Dosis:400,800%7CNoto+Sans:400,700%7CRopa+Sans%7CMaterial+Icons"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Symbols+Outlined:opsz,wght,FILL,GRAD@48,400,0,0"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/4.1.3/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha256-eSi1q2PG6J7g7ib17yAaWMcrr5GrtohYChqibrV7PBE=" crossorigin="anonymous"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/css/oma_styles.css"> <!-- js includes --> <script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js" integrity="sha256-FgpCb/KJQlLNfOu91ta32o/NMZxltwRo8QtmkMRdAu8=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/4.1.3/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" integrity="sha256-E/V4cWE4qvAeO5MOhjtGtqDzPndRO1LBk8lJ/PR7CA4=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <script>const static_root = "/static/";</script> <!-- AA: not sure which of those libs will still be needed. I suspect autocomplete.min.js for sure, rest probably not --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.11.2/css/all.css"> <script src="/static/js/jquery.autocomplete.min.js"></script> <script id="release_char-data" type="application/json">"E"</script> </head> <body class=""> <nav class="navbar fixed-top navbar-expand-xl bg-light navbar-light topnav"> <div class="logos-navbar mr-auto"> <a href="https://www.sib.swiss/"><img src="/static/image/logo-SIB.png" alt="Logo SIB"/></a> <a href="/oma/home/"><img src="/static/image/logo-oma-mobile.svg" alt="Logo OMA small"/></a> </div> <span class="oma-main-search-header"> <script src="/static/js/vue.js"></script> <style> .button_search { cursor:pointer; align-self: center; height: 100%; background-color: transparent; border: none; margin-right: 4px; margin-left: auto; order: 2; } .button_search:disabled { cursor:not-allowed; } .help_icon { align-self: center; font-size: 1.5em; margin: 4px; cursor: pointer; } .prefix-dropdown { border: none; background-color: transparent; } .vl { border-left: 2px solid grey; margin-left: 4px; margin-right: 4px; } #search_nav_input_part { display: flex; border: 1px solid #eee; font-size: 0.9em; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0 0 0 4px; border-radius: 500px; } .ml-input{} .sl-input{height: 50px;} .token-input__tag { height: 30px; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px; background-color: #eee; margin-top: 10px; line-height: 30px; padding: 0 5px; border-radius: 5px; } .token-input__tag > span { cursor: pointer; opacity: 0.75; } .token-input__text { border: none; outline: none; font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 50px; flex-grow: 1; background: transparent; } .token-delete { margin-left: 4px; color: red; } #token-container_search_nav{ overflow: scroll; display: inline; } .ml-token-con{margin-bottom: 8px;} .sl-token-con{white-space: nowrap;} </style> <script type="module"> const {createApp} = Vue window.search_token_vue_search_nav = createApp({ data() { return { tokens: [], //{query: 'HUMAN', single_term: true, prefix: "Species", type: "Taxon"} prefixes: { 'Protein': ['proteinid','xref','go','ec','description','domain','sequence'], 'Taxon': ['species','taxid', 'taxon'], 'HOG': ['hog','sequence'], 'OMA_Group': ['og', 'fingerprint','sequence'], }, default_prefix : 'description', show_error: false, error_message : " Error.", post_query_search_nav: '', multiline: false, wild_card: 'sequence', placeholder: ' "Blue-light photoreceptor" | proteinid:P53_RAT | species:"Drosophila melanogaster" ', //'P53_RAT | Insulin | species:HUMAN | "auxin response factor"', placeholder_default: 'proteinid:P53_RAT | "Blue-light photoreceptor" | species:"Drosophila melanogaster" ' //'P53_RAT | Insulin | species:HUMAN | "auxin response factor"', } }, compilerOptions: { delimiters: ["$[", "]$"] }, methods: { get_list_prefixes(lowercase=false){ let lp = [].concat(...Object.values(this.prefixes)); if (lowercase){ lp = lp.map(element => {return element.toLowerCase();}); } return lp }, get_prefix_used(){ return this.tokens.map(x => this.get_type_prefix(x.prefix)); }, get_type_prefix(prefix){ for (var key in this.prefixes) { if (this.prefixes.hasOwnProperty(key)) { if (this.prefixes[key].includes(prefix.toLowerCase())){ return key } } } return null }, addToken(event) { event.preventDefault() let val = event.target.value.trim(); if (val.length === 0 && this.tokens.length > 0){ this.collect_token() // wanted to auto search if press and empty + token but post request miss post_query data } else { var sinle_term = val[0] !== '"'; var multi_term_closed = (val.length > 1 && val[val.length - 1] === '"') var has_prefix = val.includes(':') var prefix_end = val[val.length - 1] === ':' var p = has_prefix ? val.split(':')[0].toLowerCase() : this.default_prefix; // If prefix but not valid if (has_prefix && !this.get_list_prefixes(true).includes(p.toLowerCase())) { this.show_error = true; this.error_message = "Error: Incorrect prefix." return; } else { this.show_error = false; } // If something typed if (val.length > 0) { // Multiple word query if (!sinle_term) { // STOP if multiple not closed if (!multi_term_closed) { if (event.code === "Space") { event.target.value = val + ' ' } return } } // STOP if the prefix is fine and we are at : if (prefix_end) { return } // has a prefix if (has_prefix) { var tmp = val.split(':')[1].trim() sinle_term = tmp[0] !== '"'; multi_term_closed = (val.length > 1 && tmp[tmp.length - 1] === '"') // multiple term if (!sinle_term) { // STOP if not closed if (!multi_term_closed) { if (event.code === "Space") { event.target.value = val + ' ' } return } } val = tmp } if (this.validate_token(val.replaceAll('"', ''), sinle_term, p)) { val = val.replaceAll('"', '') this.tokens.push({ query: val, single_term: sinle_term, prefix: p, type: this.get_type_prefix(p) }); event.target.value = ''; } } } document.getElementById("token-container_search_nav").scrollLeft += 200000; }, addToken_and_search(event){ this.addToken(event); if (this.tokens.length > 0){ this.collect_token() this.$refs.submit_button.click(); } }, removeToken(index) { this.tokens.splice(index, 1) }, removeLastToken(event) { if (event.target.value.length === 0) { this.removeToken(this.tokens.length - 1) } }, enter_from_input(event) { if (event.target.value.trim().length > 0) {this.addToken(event)} else{ event.target.nextElementSibling.focus().click() } }, collect_token(){ this.post_query_search_nav = JSON.stringify(this.tokens) }, detokenize(index){ var token = this.tokens.splice(index, 1)[0]; var input_token_search = document.getElementById('input_token_search_search_nav'); var token_str = token.prefix + ': ' token_str += token.single_term ? '' : '"' token_str += token.query token_str += token.single_term ? '' : '"' input_token_search.value = token_str }, on_change_prefix(target, t){ var prefix = target.value if (this.validate_token(t.query, t.single_term,prefix, true)){ t.prefix = prefix.toLowerCase() } else { target.value = t.prefix; } }, validate_token(val, sinle_term, p , OnChange=false){ if (this.wild_card.includes(p)){ return true } // todo Validate type val is valid for p // validate prefix not in conflict with other prefix var pu = this.get_prefix_used(); var current_prefix_type = this.get_type_prefix(p) if (current_prefix_type !== 'Taxon'){ var no_taxon = pu.filter(x => x !== 'Taxon'); if (no_taxon.length == 0){return true} else if (OnChange && no_taxon.length == 1){return true} else if (no_taxon.length > 0 && no_taxon.includes(current_prefix_type) ){return true} else if (no_taxon.length > 0 && !no_taxon.includes(current_prefix_type)) { this.show_error = true; this.error_message = "Warning: You are searching for " + no_taxon[0] + "; you can't add a token for " + current_prefix_type return false } } return true }, preload_token(tokens){ this.tokens = [] for (var i in tokens) { var token = tokens[i] if (this.validate_token(token.query, token.sinle_term, token.prefix )){ this.tokens.push({query: token.query, single_term: token.sinle_term, prefix: token.prefix, type:token.type}); } } this.placeholder = ''; this.$refs.input_handle.focus(); }, is_empty(){return this.tokens.length === 0}, modal_clicked(){ $('#exampleModal_search_nav').modal('show') }, format_token_string(str){ if (str.length < 20){return str} return str.slice(0, 20) + '...' } }, }).mount('#search_nav') var autocomplete_opts = { paramName: 'search', serviceUrl: '/api/xref/', minChars: 3, triggerSelectOnValidInput: false, deferRequestBy: 200, transformResult: function (response) { var json = JSON.parse(response); var xref_source_order = ['UniProtKB/SwissProt', 'UniProtKB/TrEMBL', 'Ensembl Protein', 'Ensembl Gene', 'Ensembl Transcript', 'RefSeq', 'EntrezGene', 'FlyBase', 'WormBase', 'EnsemblGenomes', 'NCBI', 'EMBL', 'SourceID', 'SourceAC', 'HGNC', 'Gene Name', 'Synonym', 'Protein Name', 'ORF Name', 'Ordered Locus Name', 'PDB', 'Swiss Model', 'STRING', 'neXtProt', 'Bgee', 'EPD', 'ChEMBL', 'GlyConnect', 'SwissPalm', 'DisGeNET', 'WikiGene', 'IPI', 'GI', 'n/a']; json.sort(function (a, b){ const idx_a = xref_source_order.indexOf(a.source), idx_b = xref_source_order.indexOf(b.source); if (idx_a === idx_b){ return a.xref > b.xref ? 1 : -1; } return idx_a - idx_b; }); return { suggestions: $.map(json, function (dataItem) { return {value: dataItem.xref, data: dataItem}; }) }; }, groupBy: 'source', formatResult: function(suggestion, currentValue) { // Do not replace anything if there current value is empty if (!currentValue) { return suggestion.value; } // escape any special char var pattern = '(' + currentValue.replace(/[|\\{}()[\]^$+*?.]/g, "\\$&") + ')'; var highlight_and_escape = function(val){ return val.replace(new RegExp(pattern, 'gi'), '<strong>$1<\/strong>') .replace(/&/g, '&') .replace(/</g, '<') .replace(/>/g, '>') .replace(/"/g, '"') .replace(/<(\/?strong)>/g, '<$1>'); }; return '<span class="auto-xref">' + highlight_and_escape(suggestion.data.xref) + '</span> ' + '<span class="auto-omaid">' + suggestion.data.omaid + '</span>' + '<span class="auto-species">' + highlight_and_escape(suggestion.data.genome.species) + '</span>'; }, onSelect: function(item){ window.location.href = "/oma/vps/" + item.data.entry_nr; return false; }, response: function( event, ui ) {console.log('HOG')} }; $('#input_token_search_search_nav').autocomplete(autocomplete_opts); </script> <!-- Modal --> <div class="modal fade" data-backdrop="false" id="exampleModal_search_nav" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabelsearch_nav" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg modal-dialog-centered" > <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h4 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabelsearch_nav">How to use the search in OMA Browser ?</h4> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body" style="text-align: justify"> <strong>How does the search work?</strong> <p>Input a query in the search field. Everytime you press Space or Enter after a word, a <b>token</b> will be created. The token is composed of a <b>prefix</b> describing how the query should be treated and the actual <b>query</b> itself.</p> <strong>What are the different types of tokens?</strong> <p>Each token represents either a Gene, HOG, OMA group, or Taxon. Prefixes are used to specify which category to associate with the query term. </p> <table class="table table-bordered"> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">Category</th> <th scope="col">Prefixes</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row">Genes</th> <td>id, go, ec, description, domain, sequence</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">HOGs</th> <td>hog, sequence</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">OMA Groups</th> <td>omagroup, fingerprint, sequence</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Taxon</th> <td>species, taxid, taxon</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <small>For example, the token [go:4225] will search for genes in the OMA database annotated with the GO:0004225 gene ontology term. </small> <br> <strong>How to search for a multi-word query?</strong> <p>If your query term is composed of multiple words (e.g homo sapiens), use " " to encapsulate it. </p> <strong>How many tokens can I have?</strong> <p>There is no limit on the number of tokens. It is not possible to enter multiple tokens of different categories, except taxon, which can be combined with other categories. For example, you can search for 'hog:60627 species:HUMAN' to return human genes found in HOG:606207. </p> <strong>How to edit/delete a token?</strong> <p>To edit a query, click on it to modify the input field. To edit a prefix, click on the dropdown icon to select another one. To remove a token, click on the x to delete it.</p> <strong>Autosuggest</strong> <p>Typing a query without hitting enter or space will prompt an autosuggestion for the identifier after a few seconds.</p> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <form method="POST" id='form_' action="/oma/search-token/" > <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="dSA8akIaXDAz9tq9RVAtBozZhMAVTUctqfR0ZBYAV84zMV1M4ZRhCdjqgsUGjOse"> <div id="search_nav"> <div id="search_nav_input_part" :class="multiline ? 'ml-input' : 'sl-input'"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined help_icon" @click="modal_clicked"> help </span> <div id="token-container_search_nav" :class="multiline ? 'ml-token-con' : 'sl-token-con'" > <span v-for="token, index in tokens" :key="token" class="token-input__tag"> <select class="prefix-dropdown" @change="on_change_prefix($event.target, token)"> <template v-for="(prefixes_list, prefix_type) in prefixes"> <optgroup :label="prefix_type" > <option v-for="prefix in prefixes_list" :key="prefix" :selected="prefix == token.prefix"> $[ prefix ]$ </option> </optgroup> </template> </select> <span class="vl"></span> <p style="display: inline" @click='detokenize(index)'> $[ format_token_string(token.query) ]$ </p> <span @click='removeToken(index)' class="token-delete">X</span> </select> </span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="hidden_query" :value="post_query_search_nav"> <input type='text' :placeholder='placeholder' ref="input_handle" class='token-input__text' id="input_token_search_search_nav" @keydown.enter='enter_from_input' @keydown.space='addToken' @keydown.delete='removeLastToken' /> <button class=" button_search float-right" id="button_submit" ref="submit_button" :disabled="is_empty()" @click='collect_token()' type="submit"> <img style='width: 24px;' src="/static/image/logo-oma-o.svg" alt="Logo OMA icon"/> </button> </div> <div style="display: flex" v-show="show_error"> <small style="color: red; margin-right: auto;" > $[this.error_message]$ </small> </div> </div> </form> </span> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggler ml-auto collapsed" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1"> <span></span> <span></span> <span></span> </button> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1"> <div class="navbar-nav ml-auto"> <div class="search"> <h3>Search</h3> <script src="/static/js/vue.js"></script> <style> .button_search { cursor:pointer; align-self: center; height: 100%; background-color: transparent; border: none; margin-right: 4px; margin-left: auto; order: 2; } .button_search:disabled { cursor:not-allowed; } .help_icon { align-self: center; font-size: 1.5em; margin: 4px; cursor: pointer; } .prefix-dropdown { border: none; background-color: transparent; } .vl { border-left: 2px solid grey; margin-left: 4px; margin-right: 4px; } #search_min_input_part { display: flex; border: 1px solid #eee; font-size: 0.9em; box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0 0 0 4px; border-radius: 500px; } .ml-input{} .sl-input{height: 50px;} .token-input__tag { height: 30px; display: inline-block; margin-right: 10px; background-color: #eee; margin-top: 10px; line-height: 30px; padding: 0 5px; border-radius: 5px; } .token-input__tag > span { cursor: pointer; opacity: 0.75; } .token-input__text { border: none; outline: none; font-size: 0.9em; line-height: 50px; flex-grow: 1; background: transparent; } .token-delete { margin-left: 4px; color: red; } #token-container_search_min{ overflow: scroll; display: inline; } .ml-token-con{margin-bottom: 8px;} .sl-token-con{white-space: nowrap;} </style> <script type="module"> const {createApp} = Vue window.search_token_vue_search_min = createApp({ data() { return { tokens: [], //{query: 'HUMAN', single_term: true, prefix: "Species", type: "Taxon"} prefixes: { 'Protein': ['proteinid','xref','go','ec','description','domain','sequence'], 'Taxon': ['species','taxid', 'taxon'], 'HOG': ['hog','sequence'], 'OMA_Group': ['og', 'fingerprint','sequence'], }, default_prefix : 'description', show_error: false, error_message : " Error.", post_query_search_min: '', multiline: false, wild_card: 'sequence', placeholder: ' "Blue-light photoreceptor" | proteinid:P53_RAT | species:"Drosophila melanogaster" ', //'P53_RAT | Insulin | species:HUMAN | "auxin response factor"', placeholder_default: 'proteinid:P53_RAT | "Blue-light photoreceptor" | species:"Drosophila melanogaster" ' //'P53_RAT | Insulin | species:HUMAN | "auxin response factor"', } }, compilerOptions: { delimiters: ["$[", "]$"] }, methods: { get_list_prefixes(lowercase=false){ let lp = [].concat(...Object.values(this.prefixes)); if (lowercase){ lp = lp.map(element => {return element.toLowerCase();}); } return lp }, get_prefix_used(){ return this.tokens.map(x => this.get_type_prefix(x.prefix)); }, get_type_prefix(prefix){ for (var key in this.prefixes) { if (this.prefixes.hasOwnProperty(key)) { if (this.prefixes[key].includes(prefix.toLowerCase())){ return key } } } return null }, addToken(event) { event.preventDefault() let val = event.target.value.trim(); if (val.length === 0 && this.tokens.length > 0){ this.collect_token() // wanted to auto search if press and empty + token but post request miss post_query data } else { var sinle_term = val[0] !== '"'; var multi_term_closed = (val.length > 1 && val[val.length - 1] === '"') var has_prefix = val.includes(':') var prefix_end = val[val.length - 1] === ':' var p = has_prefix ? val.split(':')[0].toLowerCase() : this.default_prefix; // If prefix but not valid if (has_prefix && !this.get_list_prefixes(true).includes(p.toLowerCase())) { this.show_error = true; this.error_message = "Error: Incorrect prefix." return; } else { this.show_error = false; } // If something typed if (val.length > 0) { // Multiple word query if (!sinle_term) { // STOP if multiple not closed if (!multi_term_closed) { if (event.code === "Space") { event.target.value = val + ' ' } return } } // STOP if the prefix is fine and we are at : if (prefix_end) { return } // has a prefix if (has_prefix) { var tmp = val.split(':')[1].trim() sinle_term = tmp[0] !== '"'; multi_term_closed = (val.length > 1 && tmp[tmp.length - 1] === '"') // multiple term if (!sinle_term) { // STOP if not closed if (!multi_term_closed) { if (event.code === "Space") { event.target.value = val + ' ' } return } } val = tmp } if (this.validate_token(val.replaceAll('"', ''), sinle_term, p)) { val = val.replaceAll('"', '') this.tokens.push({ query: val, single_term: sinle_term, prefix: p, type: this.get_type_prefix(p) }); event.target.value = ''; } } } document.getElementById("token-container_search_nav").scrollLeft += 200000; }, addToken_and_search(event){ this.addToken(event); if (this.tokens.length > 0){ this.collect_token() this.$refs.submit_button.click(); } }, removeToken(index) { this.tokens.splice(index, 1) }, removeLastToken(event) { if (event.target.value.length === 0) { this.removeToken(this.tokens.length - 1) } }, enter_from_input(event) { if (event.target.value.trim().length > 0) {this.addToken(event)} else{ event.target.nextElementSibling.focus().click() } }, collect_token(){ this.post_query_search_min = JSON.stringify(this.tokens) }, detokenize(index){ var token = this.tokens.splice(index, 1)[0]; var input_token_search = document.getElementById('input_token_search_search_min'); var token_str = token.prefix + ': ' token_str += token.single_term ? '' : '"' token_str += token.query token_str += token.single_term ? '' : '"' input_token_search.value = token_str }, on_change_prefix(target, t){ var prefix = target.value if (this.validate_token(t.query, t.single_term,prefix, true)){ t.prefix = prefix.toLowerCase() } else { target.value = t.prefix; } }, validate_token(val, sinle_term, p , OnChange=false){ if (this.wild_card.includes(p)){ return true } // todo Validate type val is valid for p // validate prefix not in conflict with other prefix var pu = this.get_prefix_used(); var current_prefix_type = this.get_type_prefix(p) if (current_prefix_type !== 'Taxon'){ var no_taxon = pu.filter(x => x !== 'Taxon'); if (no_taxon.length == 0){return true} else if (OnChange && no_taxon.length == 1){return true} else if (no_taxon.length > 0 && no_taxon.includes(current_prefix_type) ){return true} else if (no_taxon.length > 0 && !no_taxon.includes(current_prefix_type)) { this.show_error = true; this.error_message = "Warning: You are searching for " + no_taxon[0] + "; you can't add a token for " + current_prefix_type return false } } return true }, preload_token(tokens){ this.tokens = [] for (var i in tokens) { var token = tokens[i] if (this.validate_token(token.query, token.sinle_term, token.prefix )){ this.tokens.push({query: token.query, single_term: token.sinle_term, prefix: token.prefix, type:token.type}); } } this.placeholder = ''; this.$refs.input_handle.focus(); }, is_empty(){return this.tokens.length === 0}, modal_clicked(){ $('#exampleModal_search_min').modal('show') }, format_token_string(str){ if (str.length < 20){return str} return str.slice(0, 20) + '...' } }, }).mount('#search_min') var autocomplete_opts = { paramName: 'search', serviceUrl: '/api/xref/', minChars: 3, triggerSelectOnValidInput: false, deferRequestBy: 200, transformResult: function (response) { var json = JSON.parse(response); var xref_source_order = ['UniProtKB/SwissProt', 'UniProtKB/TrEMBL', 'Ensembl Protein', 'Ensembl Gene', 'Ensembl Transcript', 'RefSeq', 'EntrezGene', 'FlyBase', 'WormBase', 'EnsemblGenomes', 'NCBI', 'EMBL', 'SourceID', 'SourceAC', 'HGNC', 'Gene Name', 'Synonym', 'Protein Name', 'ORF Name', 'Ordered Locus Name', 'PDB', 'Swiss Model', 'STRING', 'neXtProt', 'Bgee', 'EPD', 'ChEMBL', 'GlyConnect', 'SwissPalm', 'DisGeNET', 'WikiGene', 'IPI', 'GI', 'n/a']; json.sort(function (a, b){ const idx_a = xref_source_order.indexOf(a.source), idx_b = xref_source_order.indexOf(b.source); if (idx_a === idx_b){ return a.xref > b.xref ? 1 : -1; } return idx_a - idx_b; }); return { suggestions: $.map(json, function (dataItem) { return {value: dataItem.xref, data: dataItem}; }) }; }, groupBy: 'source', formatResult: function(suggestion, currentValue) { // Do not replace anything if there current value is empty if (!currentValue) { return suggestion.value; } // escape any special char var pattern = '(' + currentValue.replace(/[|\\{}()[\]^$+*?.]/g, "\\$&") + ')'; var highlight_and_escape = function(val){ return val.replace(new RegExp(pattern, 'gi'), '<strong>$1<\/strong>') .replace(/&/g, '&') .replace(/</g, '<') .replace(/>/g, '>') .replace(/"/g, '"') .replace(/<(\/?strong)>/g, '<$1>'); }; return '<span class="auto-xref">' + highlight_and_escape(suggestion.data.xref) + '</span> ' + '<span class="auto-omaid">' + suggestion.data.omaid + '</span>' + '<span class="auto-species">' + highlight_and_escape(suggestion.data.genome.species) + '</span>'; }, onSelect: function(item){ window.location.href = "/oma/vps/" + item.data.entry_nr; return false; }, response: function( event, ui ) {console.log('HOG')} }; $('#input_token_search_search_min').autocomplete(autocomplete_opts); </script> <!-- Modal --> <div class="modal fade" data-backdrop="false" id="exampleModal_search_min" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabelsearch_min" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg modal-dialog-centered" > <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <h4 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabelsearch_min">How to use the search in OMA Browser ?</h4> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">×</span> </button> </div> <div class="modal-body" style="text-align: justify"> <strong>How does the search work?</strong> <p>Input a query in the search field. Everytime you press Space or Enter after a word, a <b>token</b> will be created. The token is composed of a <b>prefix</b> describing how the query should be treated and the actual <b>query</b> itself.</p> <strong>What are the different types of tokens?</strong> <p>Each token represents either a Gene, HOG, OMA group, or Taxon. Prefixes are used to specify which category to associate with the query term. </p> <table class="table table-bordered"> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">Category</th> <th scope="col">Prefixes</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row">Genes</th> <td>id, go, ec, description, domain, sequence</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">HOGs</th> <td>hog, sequence</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">OMA Groups</th> <td>omagroup, fingerprint, sequence</td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Taxon</th> <td>species, taxid, taxon</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <small>For example, the token [go:4225] will search for genes in the OMA database annotated with the GO:0004225 gene ontology term. </small> <br> <strong>How to search for a multi-word query?</strong> <p>If your query term is composed of multiple words (e.g homo sapiens), use " " to encapsulate it. </p> <strong>How many tokens can I have?</strong> <p>There is no limit on the number of tokens. It is not possible to enter multiple tokens of different categories, except taxon, which can be combined with other categories. For example, you can search for 'hog:60627 species:HUMAN' to return human genes found in HOG:606207. </p> <strong>How to edit/delete a token?</strong> <p>To edit a query, click on it to modify the input field. To edit a prefix, click on the dropdown icon to select another one. To remove a token, click on the x to delete it.</p> <strong>Autosuggest</strong> <p>Typing a query without hitting enter or space will prompt an autosuggestion for the identifier after a few seconds.</p> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> <form method="POST" id='form_' action="/oma/search-token/" > <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="dSA8akIaXDAz9tq9RVAtBozZhMAVTUctqfR0ZBYAV84zMV1M4ZRhCdjqgsUGjOse"> <div id="search_min"> <div id="search_min_input_part" :class="multiline ? 'ml-input' : 'sl-input'"> <span class="material-symbols-outlined help_icon" @click="modal_clicked"> help </span> <div id="token-container_search_min" :class="multiline ? 'ml-token-con' : 'sl-token-con'" > <span v-for="token, index in tokens" :key="token" class="token-input__tag"> <select class="prefix-dropdown" @change="on_change_prefix($event.target, token)"> <template v-for="(prefixes_list, prefix_type) in prefixes"> <optgroup :label="prefix_type" > <option v-for="prefix in prefixes_list" :key="prefix" :selected="prefix == token.prefix"> $[ prefix ]$ </option> </optgroup> </template> </select> <span class="vl"></span> <p style="display: inline" @click='detokenize(index)'> $[ format_token_string(token.query) ]$ </p> <span @click='removeToken(index)' class="token-delete">X</span> </select> </span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="hidden_query" :value="post_query_search_min"> <input type='text' :placeholder='placeholder' ref="input_handle" class='token-input__text' id="input_token_search_search_min" @keydown.enter='enter_from_input' @keydown.space='addToken' @keydown.delete='removeLastToken' /> <button class=" button_search float-right" id="button_submit" ref="submit_button" :disabled="is_empty()" @click='collect_token()' type="submit"> <img style='width: 24px;' src="/static/image/logo-oma-o.svg" alt="Logo OMA icon"/> </button> </div> <div style="display: flex" v-show="show_error"> <small style="color: red; margin-right: auto;" > $[this.error_message]$ </small> </div> </div> </form> </div> <ul class="navbar-nav"> <!-- explore dropdown --> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle text-nowrap" href="#" id="navbarDropdown" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Explore <span class="caret"></span></a> <div class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/release/">Species/release information</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/phylostratigraphy/">Phylostratigraphy</a> <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> <div role="presentation" class="dropdown-header">Quick access to</div> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/genome/">Extant and Ancestral genomes</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/landOMA/">OMA groups</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/hogs/">Hierarchical orthologous groups (HOGs)</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/landAnnotation/">Functional annotations</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/synteny/">Local synteny</a> </div> </li> <!-- compute dropdown --> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a href="#" class="nav-link dropdown-toggle text-nowrap" data-toggle="dropdown">Tools <span class="caret"></span></a> <div class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <div role="presentation" class="dropdown-header">Online tools</div> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/fastmapping/">Fast mapping</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/functions/">Functional prediction</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/dotplot/">Synteny dotplot</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/genomePW/">Genome pair orthology</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/go_enrichment/">GO enrichment analysis</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/omamo/search/">OMA-MO: Find model organism</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://omark.omabrowser.org">OMArk: Assess proteome quality</a> <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> <div role="presentation" class="dropdown-header">Software</div> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://omabrowser.org/standalone/">OMA StandAlone</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://github.com/dessimozlab/read2tree">read2tree</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://github.com/dessimozlab/FastOMA">FastOMA</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://github.com/dessimozlab/pyham">pyHam</a> <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> <div role="presentation" class="dropdown-header">Visualisation tools</div> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://phylo.io/">Phylo.io</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://github.com/dessimozlab/iham">IHam</a> <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> <a class="dropdown-item text-center" href="/oma/tools/"><b> <i class="fas fa-toolbox"></i> See all OMA tools</b></a> </div> </li> <!-- Download dropdown --> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a href="#" class="nav-link dropdown-toggle text-nowrap" data-toggle="dropdown">Download <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu" role="menu"> <div role="presentation" class="dropdown-header">OMA database files</div> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/current/">Current release</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/export/">Export All/All</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/export_markers">Export marker genes</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/archives/">Archives</a> <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> <div role="presentation" class="dropdown-header">API</div> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/api/docs">OMA API</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/APISOAP/">SOAP</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/OmaDB.html">R API binding</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://github.com/DessimozLab/pyomadb">Python API binding</a> <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> <div role="presentation" class="dropdown-header">Semantic web</div> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://sparql.omabrowser.org/">SPARQL endpoint</a> <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> <a class="dropdown-item text-center" href="/oma/uses/"><b> <i class="fas fa-keyboard"></i> Access the OMA data</b></a> </ul> </li> <!-- Help dropdown --> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a href="#" class="nav-link dropdown-toggle text-nowrap" data-toggle="dropdown">Help <span class="caret"></span></a> <ul class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right" role="menu"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/about/">Introduction</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/type/">Orthology Basics</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/homologs/">Type of homologs</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/uses/">Access the OMA data</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/tools/">Catalog of tools</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/suggestion/genome/">Suggesting a genome</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/FAQ/">FAQ</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://www.biostars.org/tag/oma/">Q&A on BioStars</a> <a class="dropdown-item " href="/oma/glossary/"> Glossary</a> <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> <a class="dropdown-item text-center" href="/oma/academy/"><b> <i class="fas fa-book"></i> OMA Academy</b></a> </ul> </li> <!-- about dropdown --> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle text-nowrap" href="#" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">About <span class="caret"></span></a> <div class="dropdown-menu dropdown-menu-right" role="menu"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/about/">OMA</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/team/">Team</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/sab/">SAB</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/funding/">Funding</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/oma/terms_of_use/">Terms of use</a> <div class="dropdown-divider"></div> <a class="dropdown-item" href="mailto:contact@omabrowser.org"><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-envelope"></span> Contact</a> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="oma-generic-container"> <div class="container"> <div class="jumbotron"> <h1>Glossary <span> <small class="text-center text-muted h3 d-block">Web based database interface for orthology prediction </small></span></h1> <div class="oma-seperator"> <span class="colour1"></span> <span class="colour2"></span> <span class="colour3"></span> </div> <div class="card card-header-oma border-0"> <div class="card-body"> <table class="table table-hover"> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">Term</th> <th scope="col">Definition</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <th scope="row">5-letter species code</th> <td> Organism code based on <a href="https://www.uniprot.org/docs/speclist">UniProt species codes</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-allall"> all-against-all </th> <td> The part of the OMA algorithm where all the protein sequences are compared to all of the other protein sequences by Smith Waterman </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-agene"> ancestral gene </th> <td> A gene in the common ancestor at the taxonomic level comprising all the species of interest. HOGs at a particular taxonomic level can be considered as one gene in the common ancestral species. </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="ancestralspe"> ancestral genome </th> <td> As HOGs are by definition all genes that descended from an ancestral gene, ancestral genomes are all HOGs at a given taxonomic level </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-xref"> cross reference </th> <td> An alternative identifier for a gene, assigned by the annotation source or database </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-domain"> domain of life </th> <td> Eukaryote, Prokaryote, Archaea </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> domain architecture </th> <td> In OMA, domain architecture refers to the 2D visualization (boxes on a string representation) of the annotated protein sequence domains </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> entry </th> <td> Synonymous with gene </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-evod"> evolutionary distance </th> <td> The amount of divergence between two protein sequences </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-extant"> extant species </th> <td> Species which are still living today; the leaves of a species tree </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> gene </th> <td> The unit of evolution used in OMA for orthology inference. However, only protein sequences are used for sequence comparison in the homology inference process. </td> </tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> gene ontology </th> <td> Controlled vocabulary and hierarchy on the biological functions of genes. See <a href="http://geneontology.org/">http://geneontology.org/</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">genome </th> <td> The collection of all the genes in an ancestral or extant organism. In OMA, the genomes of species are represented by 1 protein sequence per locus. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> group </th> <td> A cluster or group of orthologous or paralogous genes in OMA. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-hog">HOG </th> <td> Hierarchical groups contain genes that descend from a single common ancestral gene within a given taxonomic range. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> HOG-induced ortholog </th> <td> All genes which started diverging at the last common ancestor of the two species in question </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-homoe">homoeolog </th> <td> Genes of an allopolyploid which started diverging by a speciation event, and were brought back to the same genome via a hybridization event. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">member genes </th> <td> All the genes which comprise a group </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-omadb"> OMA database </th> <td> All the data associated with a given OMA release, including: genes, sequences, locus information, groups and more. Can be accessed through the browser or programmatically </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-og">OMA Group </th> <td> OMA groups contain sets of genes which are all orthologous to one another within group. This implies that there is at most one entry from each species in a group. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">OMA Group-induced ortholog </th> <td> The pairwise combinations of all the genes in a given OMA Group </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-omaid">OMA identifier </th> <td> Consists of the five-letter UniProtKB species code and a unique 5-digit number </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-orthoxml">OrthoXML </th> <td> Standard output format for orthology data. See <a href="http://www.orthoxml.org/xml/Main.html">http://www.orthoxml.org/xml/Main.html</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-op">pairwise ortholog </th> <td> Orthologs in OMA inferred by comparing two genomes. After the all-against-all phase, and two sequences which are the best bidirectional hits within a confidence interval (to allow for more than one hit, i.e. duplications), AND pass the witness of non-orthology test </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> PAM unit</th> <td> Point accepted mutation. A measure of evolutionary distance; the amount of amino acid substitutions per 100 amino acids of a protein sequence. One PAM unit means that 1% of the amino acids were replaced since the divergence of the two protein sequences. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-para"> paralog</th> <td> Genes which started diverging by duplication. In OMA they inferred as </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-phyloxml">PhyloXML </th> <td> A standard format for phylogenetic trees and their associated information. See <a href="http://www.phyloxml.org/">http://www.phyloxml.org/</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-protid">protein ID </th> <td> The identifier for a gene in OMA </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-reltype">relation type </th> <td> Reflects the level of co-orthology, or the degree of duplications which one or both of the orthologs in a pair has undergone. One-to-one (1:1) pairwise orthology means that both genes in the pair have only one ortholog in the other species. A one-to-many relationship (1:m) means that the gene of interest has more than one ortholog in the other species. This implies that the gene was duplicated in an ancestor of the other species, but after the speciation event. A many-to-many (m:m) relationship means both orthologs underwent lineage-specific duplications. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-roothog">root HOG </th> <td> The deepest taxonomic level which relates all the species of a HOG. The root HOG can be thought of as the gene family for the species in OMA. The root HOG is comprised of sub-HOGs </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">subHOGs </th> <td> Nested HOGs (or sub-families) within the root HOG. The subHOGs arise due to duplication events at a given taxonomic level. </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" id="g-taxon">taxon</th> <td> Synonym for species or genome in the OMA database</td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"> UniProt ID</th> <td> The stable and unique identifier for a gene from UniProt</td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Witness of non-orthology </th> <td> The final step in the OMA algorithm for inferring pairwise orthologs. In cases where an ortholog is missing, we seek to avoid erroneous classification of paralogs as orthologs by verifying stable pairs with sequences in a third genome that can act as witness of evolution. </td></tr> </tbody> </table> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </html>