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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="inventory holding cost"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7035</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: inventory holding cost</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7005</span> Determining Inventory Replenishment Policy for Major Component in Assembly-to-Order of Cooling System Manufacturing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tippawan%20Nasawan">Tippawan Nasawan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to find the replenishment policy in Assembly-to-Order manufacturing (ATO) which some of the major components have lead-time longer than customer lead-time. The variety of products, independent component demand, and long component lead-time are the difficulty that has resulted in the overstock problem. In addition, the ordering cost is trivial when compared to the cost of material of the major component. A conceptual design of the Decision Supporting System (DSS) has introduced to assist the replenishment policy. Component replenishment by using the variable which calls Available to Promise (ATP) for making the decision is one of the keys. The Poisson distribution is adopted to realize demand patterns in order to calculate Safety Stock (SS) at the specified Customer Service Level (CSL). When distribution cannot identify, nonparametric will be applied instead. The test result after comparing the ending inventory between the new policy and the old policy, the overstock has significantly reduced by 46.9 percent or about 469,891.51 US-Dollars for the cost of the major component (material cost only). Besides, the number of the major component inventory is also reduced by about 41 percent which helps to mitigate the chance of damage and keeping stock. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Assembly-to-Order" title="Assembly-to-Order">Assembly-to-Order</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Decision%20Supporting%20System" title=" Decision Supporting System"> Decision Supporting System</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Component%20replenishment" title=" Component replenishment "> Component replenishment </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poisson%20distribution" title=" Poisson distribution "> Poisson distribution </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120812/determining-inventory-replenishment-policy-for-major-component-in-assembly-to-order-of-cooling-system-manufacturing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120812.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7004</span> A Silicon Controlled Rectifier-Based ESD Protection Circuit with High Holding Voltage and High Robustness Characteristics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoung-il%20Do">Kyoung-il Do</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byung-seok%20Lee"> Byung-seok Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee-guk%20Chae"> Hee-guk Chae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeong-yun%20Seo%20Yong-seo%20Koo"> Jeong-yun Seo Yong-seo Koo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR)-based Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) protection circuit with high holding voltage and high robustness characteristics is proposed. Unlike conventional SCR, the proposed circuit has low trigger voltage and high holding voltage and provides effective ESD protection with latch-up immunity. In addition, the TCAD simulation results show that the proposed circuit has better electrical characteristics than the conventional SCR. A stack technology was used for voltage-specific applications. Consequentially, the proposed circuit has a trigger voltage of 17.60 V and a holding voltage of 3.64 V. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESD" title="ESD">ESD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCR" title=" SCR"> SCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latch-up" title=" latch-up"> latch-up</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20clamp" title=" power clamp"> power clamp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=holding%20voltage" title=" holding voltage"> holding voltage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89519/a-silicon-controlled-rectifier-based-esd-protection-circuit-with-high-holding-voltage-and-high-robustness-characteristics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89519.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7003</span> Ranking of Inventory Policies Using Distance Based Approach Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gupta%20Amit">Gupta Amit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kumar%20Ramesh"> Kumar Ramesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20C.%20Tewari"> P. C. Tewari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Globalization is putting enormous pressure on the business organizations specially manufacturing one to rethink the supply chain in innovative manners. Inventory consumes major portion of total sale revenue. Effective and efficient inventory management plays a vital role for the successful functioning of any organization. Selection of inventory policy is one of the important purchasing activities. This paper focuses on selection and ranking of alternative inventory policies. A deterministic quantitative model-based on Distance Based Approach (DBA) method has been developed for evaluation and ranking of inventory policies. We have employed this concept first time for this type of the selection problem. Four inventory policies Economic Order Quantity (EOQ), Just in Time (JIT), Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) and monthly policy are considered. Improper selection could affect a company’s competitiveness in terms of the productivity of its facilities and quality of its products. The ranking of inventory policies is a multi-criteria problem. There is a need to first identify the selection criteria and then processes the information with reference to relative importance of attributes for comparison. Criteria values for each inventory policy can be obtained either analytically or by using a simulation technique or they are linguistic subjective judgments defined by fuzzy sets, like, for example, the values of criteria. A methodology is developed and applied to rank the inventory policies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20policy" title="inventory policy">inventory policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ranking" title=" ranking"> ranking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DBA" title=" DBA"> DBA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=selection%20criteria" title=" selection criteria"> selection criteria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1726/ranking-of-inventory-policies-using-distance-based-approach-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1726.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7002</span> Analysis of a Discrete-time Geo/G/1 Queue Integrated with (s, Q) Inventory Policy at a Service Facility</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akash%20Verma">Akash Verma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sujit%20Kumar%20Samanta"> Sujit Kumar Samanta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines a discrete-time Geo/G/1 queueing-inventory system attached with (s, Q) inventory policy. Assume that the customers follow the Bernoulli process on arrival. Each customer demands a single item with arbitrarily distributed service time. The inventory is replenished by an outside supplier, and the lead time for the replenishment is determined by a geometric distribution. There is a single server and infinite waiting space in this facility. Demands must wait in the specified waiting area during a stock-out period. The customers are served on a first-come-first-served basis. With the help of the embedded Markov chain technique, we determine the joint probability distributions of the number of customers in the system and the number of items in stock at the post-departure epoch using the Matrix Analytic approach. We relate the system length distribution at post-departure and outside observer's epochs to determine the joint probability distribution at the outside observer's epoch. We use probability distributions at random epochs to determine the waiting time distribution. We obtain the performance measures to construct the cost function. The optimum values of the order quantity and reordering point are found numerically for the variety of model parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete-time%20queueing%20inventory%20model" title="discrete-time queueing inventory model">discrete-time queueing inventory model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix%20analytic%20method" title=" matrix analytic method"> matrix analytic method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=waiting-time%20analysis" title=" waiting-time analysis"> waiting-time analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cost%20optimization" title=" cost optimization"> cost optimization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186892/analysis-of-a-discrete-time-geog1-queue-integrated-with-s-q-inventory-policy-at-a-service-facility" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186892.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">42</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7001</span> Improving Sales through Inventory Reduction: A Retail Chain Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20G.%20Mattos">M. G. Mattos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20E.%20P%C3%A9cora%20Jr"> J. E. Pécora Jr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20A.%20Briso"> T. A. Briso</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today's challenging business environment, with unpredictable demand and volatility, requires a supply chain strategy that handles uncertainty and risks in the right way. Even though inventory models have been previously explored, this paper seeks to apply these concepts on a practical situation. This study involves the inventory replenishment problem, applying techniques that are mainly based on mathematical assumptions and modeling. The primary goal is to improve the retailer’s supply chain processes taking store differences when setting the various target stock levels. Through inventory review policy, picking piece implementation and minimum exposure definition, we were able not only to promote the inventory reduction as well as improve sales results. The inventory management theory from literature review was then tested on a single case study regarding a particular department in one of the largest Latam retail chains. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory" title="inventory">inventory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution" title=" distribution"> distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retail" title=" retail"> retail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20stock" title=" safety stock"> safety stock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sales" title=" sales"> sales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty" title=" uncertainty"> uncertainty</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78978/improving-sales-through-inventory-reduction-a-retail-chain-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/78978.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7000</span> Analysis of SCR-Based ESD Protection Circuit on Holding Voltage Characteristics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Seo%20Koo">Yong Seo Koo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong%20Ho%20Nam"> Jong Ho Nam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Nam%20Choi"> Yong Nam Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dae%20Yeol%20Yoo"> Dae Yeol Yoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung%20Woo%20Han"> Jung Woo Han</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a silicon controller rectifier (SCR) based ESD protection circuit for IC. The proposed ESD protection circuit has low trigger voltage and high holding voltage compared with conventional SCR ESD protection circuit. Electrical characteristics of the proposed ESD protection circuit are simulated and analyzed using TCAD simulator. The proposed ESD protection circuit verified effective low voltage ESD characteristics with low trigger voltage and high holding voltage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electro-static%20discharge%20%28ESD%29" title="electro-static discharge (ESD)">electro-static discharge (ESD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon%20controlled%20rectifier%20%28SCR%29" title=" silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)"> silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=holding%20voltage" title=" holding voltage"> holding voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protection%20circuit" title=" protection circuit"> protection circuit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9524/analysis-of-scr-based-esd-protection-circuit-on-holding-voltage-characteristics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6999</span> Pricing, Production and Inventory Policies Manufacturing under Stochastic Demand and Continuous Prices</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masoud%20Rabbani">Masoud Rabbani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majede%20Smizadeh"> Majede Smizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Farrokhi-Asl"> Hamed Farrokhi-Asl</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We study jointly determining prices and production in a multiple period horizon under a general non-stationary stochastic demand with continuous prices. In some periods we need to increase capacity of production to satisfy demand. This paper presents a model to aid multi-period production capacity planning by quantifying the trade-off between product quality and production cost. The product quality is estimated as the statistical variation from the target performances obtained from the output tolerances of the production machines that manufacture the components. We consider different tolerance for different machines that use to increase capacity. The production cost is estimated as the total cost of owning and operating a production facility during the planning horizon.so capacity planning has cost that impact on price. Pricing products often turns out to be difficult to measure them because customers have a reservation price to pay that impact on price and demand. We decide to determine prices and production for periods after enhance capacity and consider reservation price to determine price. First we use an algorithm base on fuzzy set of the optimal objective function values to determine capacity planning by determine maximize interval from upper bound in minimum objectives and define weight for objectives. Then we try to determine inventory and pricing policies. We can use a lemma to solve a problem in MATLAB and find exact answer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=price%20policy" title="price policy">price policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20policy" title=" inventory policy"> inventory policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacity%20planning" title=" capacity planning"> capacity planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=product%20quality" title=" product quality"> product quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epsilon%20-constraint" title=" epsilon -constraint"> epsilon -constraint</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30981/pricing-production-and-inventory-policies-manufacturing-under-stochastic-demand-and-continuous-prices" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30981.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">569</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6998</span> Production Planning for Animal Food Industry under Demand Uncertainty</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pirom%20Thangchitpianpol">Pirom Thangchitpianpol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suttipong%20Jumroonrut"> Suttipong Jumroonrut</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research investigates the distribution of food demand for animal food and the optimum amount of that food production at minimum cost. The data consist of customer purchase orders for the food of laying hens, price of food for laying hens, cost per unit for the food inventory, cost related to food of laying hens in which the food is out of stock, such as fine, overtime, urgent purchase for material. They were collected from January, 1990 to December, 2013 from a factory in Nakhonratchasima province. The collected data are analyzed in order to explore the distribution of the monthly food demand for the laying hens and to see the rate of inventory per unit. The results are used in a stochastic linear programming model for aggregate planning in which the optimum production or minimum cost could be obtained. Programming algorithms in MATLAB and tools in Linprog software are used to get the solution. The distribution of the food demand for laying hens and the random numbers are used in the model. The study shows that the distribution of monthly food demand for laying has a normal distribution, the monthly average amount (unit: 30 kg) of production from January to December. The minimum total cost average for 12 months is Baht 62,329,181.77. Therefore, the production planning can reduce the cost by 14.64% from real cost. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20food" title="animal food">animal food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20linear%20programming" title=" stochastic linear programming"> stochastic linear programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aggregate%20planning" title=" aggregate planning"> aggregate planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20planning" title=" production planning"> production planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demand%20uncertainty" title=" demand uncertainty"> demand uncertainty</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10194/production-planning-for-animal-food-industry-under-demand-uncertainty" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10194.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6997</span> Multiple-Material Flow Control in Construction Supply Chain with External Storage Site</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatmah%20Almathkour">Fatmah Almathkour</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Managing and controlling the construction supply chain (CSC) are very important components of effective construction project execution. The goals of managing the CSC are to reduce uncertainty and optimize the performance of a construction project by improving efficiency and reducing project costs. The heart of much SC activity is addressing risk, and the CSC is no different. The delivery and consumption of construction materials is highly variable due to the complexity of construction operations, rapidly changing demand for certain components, lead time variability from suppliers, transportation time variability, and disruptions at the job site. Current notions of managing and controlling CSC, involve focusing on one project at a time with a push-based material ordering system based on the initial construction schedule and, then, holding a tremendous amount of inventory. A two-stage methodology was proposed to coordinate the feed-forward control of advanced order placement with a supplier to a feedback local control in the form of adding the ability to transship materials between projects to improve efficiency and reduce costs. It focused on the single supplier integrated production and transshipment problem with multiple products. The methodology is used as a design tool for the CSC because it includes an external storage site not associated with one of the projects. The idea is to add this feature to a highly constrained environment to explore its effectiveness in buffering the impact of variability and maintaining project schedule at low cost. The methodology uses deterministic optimization models with objectives that minimizing the total cost of the CSC. To illustrate how this methodology can be used in practice and the types of information that can be gleaned, it is tested on a number of cases based on the real example of multiple construction projects in Kuwait. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20supply%20chain" title="construction supply chain">construction supply chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20control%20supply%20chain" title=" inventory control supply chain"> inventory control supply chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transshipment" title=" transshipment"> transshipment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95527/multiple-material-flow-control-in-construction-supply-chain-with-external-storage-site" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95527.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6996</span> Easy Way of Optimal Process-Storage Network Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gyeongbeom%20Yi">Gyeongbeom Yi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to introduce the analytic solution for determining the optimal capacity (lot-size) of a multiproduct, multistage production and inventory system to meet the finished product demand. Reasonable decision-making about the capacity of processes and storage units is an important subject for industry. The industrial solution for this subject is to use the classical economic lot sizing method, EOQ/EPQ (Economic Order Quantity/Economic Production Quantity) model, incorporated with practical experience. However, the unrealistic material flow assumption of the EOQ/EPQ model is not suitable for chemical plant design with highly interlinked processes and storage units. This study overcomes the limitation of the classical lot sizing method developed on the basis of the single product and single stage assumption. The superstructure of the plant considered consists of a network of serially and/or parallelly interlinked processes and storage units. The processes involve chemical reactions with multiple feedstock materials and multiple products as well as mixing, splitting or transportation of materials. The objective function for optimization is minimizing the total cost composed of setup and inventory holding costs as well as the capital costs of constructing processes and storage units. A novel production and inventory analysis method, PSW (Periodic Square Wave) model, is applied. The advantage of the PSW model comes from the fact that the model provides a set of simple analytic solutions in spite of a realistic description of the material flow between processes and storage units. The resulting simple analytic solution can greatly enhance the proper and quick investment decision for plant design and operation problem confronted in diverse economic situations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytic%20solution" title="analytic solution">analytic solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20design" title=" optimal design"> optimal design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process-storage%20network" title=" process-storage network"> process-storage network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13279/easy-way-of-optimal-process-storage-network-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13279.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6995</span> Sensitive Analysis of the ZF Model for ABC Multi Criteria Inventory Classification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Makram%20Ben%20Jeddou">Makram Ben Jeddou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ABC classification is widely used by managers for inventory control. The classical ABC classification is based on the Pareto principle and according to the criterion of the annual use value only. Single criterion classification is often insufficient for a closely inventory control. Multi-criteria inventory classification models have been proposed by researchers in order to take into account other important criteria. From these models, we will consider the ZF model in order to make a sensitive analysis on the composite score calculated for each item. In fact, this score based on a normalized average between a good and a bad optimized index can affect the ABC items classification. We will then focus on the weights assigned to each index and propose a classification compromise. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ABC%20classification" title="ABC classification">ABC classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi%20criteria%20inventory%20%20classification%20models" title=" multi criteria inventory classification models"> multi criteria inventory classification models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZF-model" title=" ZF-model"> ZF-model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22613/sensitive-analysis-of-the-zf-model-for-abc-multi-criteria-inventory-classification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22613.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">508</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6994</span> On the End-of-Life Inventory Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hans%20Frenk">Hans Frenk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonya%20Javadi"> Sonya Javadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Semih%20Onur%20Sezer"> Semih Onur Sezer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We consider the so-called end of life inventory problem for the supplier of a product in its final phase of the service life cycle. This phase starts when the production of the items stops and continues until the warranty of the last sold item expires. At the beginning of this phase, the supplier places a final order for spare parts to serve customers coming with defective items. At any time during the final phase, the supplier may also decide to switch to an alternative and more cost-effective policy. This alternative policy may be in the form of replacing a defective item with a substitutable product or offering discounts / rebates on new generation products. In this setup, the objective is to find a final order quantity and also a switching time which will minimize the total expected discounted cost. We study this problem under a general cost structure in a continuous-time framework where arrivals of defective items are given by a non-homogeneous Poisson process. We consider four formulations which differ by the nature of the switching time. These formulations are studied in detail and properties of the objective function are derived in each case. Using these properties, we provide exact algorithms for efficient numerical implementations. Numerical examples are provided illustrating the application of these algorithms. In these examples, we also compare the costs associated with these different formulations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=End-of-life%20inventory%20control" title="End-of-life inventory control">End-of-life inventory control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=martingales" title=" martingales"> martingales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20parts" title=" service parts"> service parts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71462/on-the-end-of-life-inventory-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71462.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6993</span> Admission Control Policy for Remanufacturing Activities with Quality Variation of Returns</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajjad%20Farahani">Sajjad Farahani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wilkistar%20Otieno"> Wilkistar Otieno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaohang%20Yue"> Xiaohang Yue</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper develops a model for the optimal disposition decision for product returns in a remanufacturing system with limited recoverable inventory capacity. In this model, a constant demand is satisfied by remanufacturing returned products which are up to the minimum required quality grade. The quality grade of returned products is uncertain and remanufacturing cost increases as the quality level decreases, and remanufacturer wishes to determine which returned product to accept to be remanufactured for reselling, and any unaccepted returns may be salvaged at a value that increases with their quality level. Accepted returns can be stocked for remanufacturing upon demand requests, but incur a holding cost. A Markov decision problem is formulated in order to evaluate various performance measures for this system and obtain the optimal remanufacturing policy. A detailed numerical study reveals that our approach to the disposition problem outperforms the current industrial practice ignoring quality grade of returned products. In addition, we identify conditions under which this improvement is the highest. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20supply%20chain%20management" title="green supply chain management">green supply chain management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=matrix%20geometric%20method" title=" matrix geometric method"> matrix geometric method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20recovery" title=" production recovery"> production recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reverse%20supply%20chains" title=" reverse supply chains"> reverse supply chains</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52851/admission-control-policy-for-remanufacturing-activities-with-quality-variation-of-returns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52851.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">309</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6992</span> The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Spare Parts Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Andria%20Gad%20Shehata">Amir Andria Gad Shehata</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Minimizing the inventory cost, optimizing the inventory quantities, and increasing system operational availability are the main motivations to enhance forecasting demand of spare parts in a major power utility company in Medina. This paper reports in an effort made to optimize the orders quantities of spare parts by improving the method of forecasting the demand. The study focuses on equipment that has frequent spare parts purchase orders with uncertain demand. The pattern of the demand considers a lumpy pattern which makes conventional forecasting methods less effective. A comparison was made by benchmarking various methods of forecasting based on experts’ criteria to select the most suitable method for the case study. Three actual data sets were used to make the forecast in this case study. Two neural networks (NN) approaches were utilized and compared, namely long short-term memory (LSTM) and multilayer perceptron (MLP). The results as expected, showed that the NN models gave better results than traditional forecasting method (judgmental method). In addition, the LSTM model had a higher predictive accuracy than the MLP model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spare%20part" title="spare part">spare part</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spare%20part%20inventory" title=" spare part inventory"> spare part inventory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20model" title=" inventory model"> inventory model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maintenanceneural%20network" title=" maintenanceneural network"> maintenanceneural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LSTM" title=" LSTM"> LSTM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MLP" title=" MLP"> MLP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forecasting%20demand" title=" forecasting demand"> forecasting demand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20management" title=" inventory management"> inventory management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184674/the-impact-of-artificial-intelligence-on-spare-parts-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184674.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">63</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6991</span> Analysis of Stacked SCR-Based ESD Protection Circuit with Low Trigger Voltage and Latch-Up Immunity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun-Geol%20Park">Jun-Geol Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoung-Il%20Do"> Kyoung-Il Do</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Min-Ju%20Kwon"> Min-Ju Kwon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyung-Hyun%20Park"> Kyung-Hyun Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong-Seo%20Koo"> Yong-Seo Koo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we proposed the SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier)-based ESD (Electrostatic Discharge) protection circuit for latch-up immunity. The proposed circuit has a lower trigger voltage and a higher holding voltage characteristic by using the zener diode structure. These characteristics prevent latch-up problem in normal operating conditions. The proposed circuit was analyzed to figure out the electrical characteristics by the variations of design parameters D1, D2 and stack technology to obtain the n-fold electrical characteristics. The simulations are accomplished by using the Synopsys TCAD simulator. When using the stack technology, 2-stack has the holding voltage of 6.9V and 3-stack has the holding voltage of 10.9V. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESD" title="ESD">ESD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCR" title=" SCR"> SCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trigger%20voltage" title=" trigger voltage"> trigger voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=holding%20voltage" title=" holding voltage"> holding voltage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56482/analysis-of-stacked-scr-based-esd-protection-circuit-with-low-trigger-voltage-and-latch-up-immunity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56482.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">524</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6990</span> Low Trigger Voltage Silicon Controlled Rectifier Stacking Structure with High Holding Voltage for High Voltage Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoung-Il%20Do">Kyoung-Il Do</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun-Geol%20Park"> Jun-Geol Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee-Guk%20Chae"> Hee-Guk Chae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeong-Yun%20Seo"> Jeong-Yun Seo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong-Seo%20Koo"> Yong-Seo Koo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A SCR stacking structure is proposed to have improved Latch-up immunity. In comparison with conventional SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier), the proposed Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) protection circuit has a lower trigger characteristic by using the LVTSCR (Low Voltage Trigger) structure. Also the proposed ESD protection circuit has improved Holding Voltage Characteristic by using N-stack technique. These characteristics enable to have latch-up immunity in operating conditions. The simulations are accomplished by using the Synopsys TCAD. It has a trigger voltage of 8.9V and a holding voltage of 1.8V in a single structure. And when applying the stack technique, 2-stack has the holding voltage of 3.8V and 3-stack has the holding voltage of 5.1 V. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20discharge%20%28ESD%29" title="electrostatic discharge (ESD)">electrostatic discharge (ESD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20voltage%20trigger%20silicon%20controlled%20rectifier%20%28LVTSCR%29" title=" low voltage trigger silicon controlled rectifier (LVTSCR)"> low voltage trigger silicon controlled rectifier (LVTSCR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MVTSCR" title=" MVTSCR"> MVTSCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20clamp" title=" power clamp"> power clamp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon%20controlled%20rectifier%20%28SCR%29" title=" silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)"> silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latch-up" title=" latch-up"> latch-up</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73702/low-trigger-voltage-silicon-controlled-rectifier-stacking-structure-with-high-holding-voltage-for-high-voltage-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">458</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6989</span> Estimation of PM2.5 Emissions and Source Apportionment Using Receptor and Dispersion Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swetha%20Priya%20Darshini%20Thammadi">Swetha Priya Darshini Thammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sateesh%20Kumar%20Pisini"> Sateesh Kumar Pisini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sanjay%20Kumar%20Shukla"> Sanjay Kumar Shukla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Source apportionment using Dispersion model depends primarily on the quality of Emission Inventory. In the present study, a CMB receptor model has been used to identify the sources of PM<sub>2.5</sub>, while the AERMOD dispersion model has been used to account for missing sources of PM<sub>2.5 </sub>in the Emission Inventory. A statistical approach has been developed to quantify the missing sources not considered in the Emission Inventory. The inventory of each grid was improved by adjusting emissions based on road lengths and deficit in measured and modelled concentrations. The results showed that in CMB analyses, fugitive sources - soil and road dust - contribute significantly to ambient PM<sub>2.5</sub> pollution. As a result, AERMOD significantly underestimated the ambient air concentration at most locations. The revised Emission Inventory showed a significant improvement in AERMOD performance which is evident through statistical tests. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CMB" title="CMB">CMB</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GIS" title=" GIS"> GIS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AERMOD" title=" AERMOD"> AERMOD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PM%E2%82%82.%E2%82%85" title=" PM₂.₅"> PM₂.₅</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fugitive" title=" fugitive"> fugitive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emission%20inventory" title=" emission inventory"> emission inventory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95921/estimation-of-pm25-emissions-and-source-apportionment-using-receptor-and-dispersion-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95921.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6988</span> Analysis of Economic Order Quantity, Safety Stock, Maximum Inventory Control, Lot Size and Reorder Point for Engro Polymers and Chemicals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Akber%20Jaffri">Ali Akber Jaffri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asad%20Naseem"> Asad Naseem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javeria%20Khan"> Javeria Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zubair%20Hamza"> Zubair Hamza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ishtiaq"> Ishtiaq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to determine safety stock, maximum inventory level, reordering point, and reordering quantity by rearranging lot sizes for supplier and customer in MRO (maintenance repair operations) warehouse of Engro Polymers & Chemicals. To achieve the aim, physical analysis method and excel commands were carried out to elicit the customer and supplier data provided by the company. Initially, we rearranged the current lot sizes and MOUs (measure of units) in SAP software. Due to change in lot sizes, we have to determine the new quantities for safety stock, maximum inventory, reordering point and reordering quantity as per company's demand. By proposed system, we saved extra cost in terms of reducing time of receiving from vendor and in issuance to customer, ease of material handling in MRO warehouse and also reduce human efforts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maintenance%20repair%20operation" title="maintenance repair operation">maintenance repair operation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20inventory" title=" maximum inventory"> maximum inventory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reorder%20quantity" title=" reorder quantity"> reorder quantity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety%20stock" title=" safety stock"> safety stock</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47482/analysis-of-economic-order-quantity-safety-stock-maximum-inventory-control-lot-size-and-reorder-point-for-engro-polymers-and-chemicals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47482.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6987</span> Simulating Economic Order Quantity and Reorder Point Policy for a Repairable Items Inventory System </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mojahid%20F.%20Saeed%20Osman">Mojahid F. Saeed Osman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Repairable items inventory system is a management tool used to incorporate all information concerning inventory levels and movements for repaired and new items. This paper presents development of an effective simulation model for managing the inventory of repairable items for a production system where production lines send their faulty items to a repair shop considering the stochastic failure behavior and repair times. The developed model imitates the process of handling the on-hand inventory of repaired items and the replenishment of the inventory of new items using Economic Order Quantity and Reorder Point ordering policy in a flexible and risk-free environment. We demonstrate the appropriateness and effectiveness of the proposed simulation model using an illustrative case problem. The developed simulation model can be used as a reliable tool for estimating a healthy on-hand inventory of new and repaired items, backordered items, and downtime due to unavailability of repaired items, and validating and examining Economic Order Quantity and Reorder Point ordering policy, which would further be compared with other ordering strategies as future work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20system" title="inventory system">inventory system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=repairable%20items" title=" repairable items"> repairable items</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maintenance" title=" maintenance"> maintenance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20order%20quantity" title=" economic order quantity"> economic order quantity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reorder%20point" title=" reorder point"> reorder point</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122752/simulating-economic-order-quantity-and-reorder-point-policy-for-a-repairable-items-inventory-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">144</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6986</span> Regular or Irregular: An Investigation of Medicine Consumption Pattern with Poisson Mixture Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lichung%20Jen">Lichung Jen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi%20Chun%20Liu"> Yi Chun Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuan-Wei%20Lee"> Kuan-Wei Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fruitful data has been accumulated in database nowadays and is commonly used as support for decision-making. In the healthcare industry, hospital, for instance, ordering pharmacy inventory is one of the key decision. With large drug inventory, the current cost increases and its expiration dates might lead to future issue, such as drug disposal and recycle. In contrast, underestimating demand of the pharmacy inventory, particularly standing drugs, affects the medical treatment and possibly hospital reputation. Prescription behaviour of hospital physicians is one of the critical factor influencing this decision, particularly irregular prescription behaviour. If a drug’s usage amount in the month is irregular and less than the regular usage, it may cause the trend of subsequent stockpiling. On the contrary, if a drug has been prescribed often than expected, it may result in insufficient inventory. We proposed a hierarchical Bayesian mixture model with two components to identify physicians’ regular/irregular prescription patterns with probabilities. Heterogeneity of hospital is considered in our proposed hierarchical Bayes model. The result suggested that modeling the prescription patterns of physician is beneficial for estimating the order quantity of medication and pharmacy inventory management of the hospital. Managerial implication and future research are discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchical%20Bayesian%20model" title="hierarchical Bayesian model">hierarchical Bayesian model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poission%20mixture%20model" title=" poission mixture model"> poission mixture model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicines%20prescription%20behavior" title=" medicines prescription behavior"> medicines prescription behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irregular%20behavior" title=" irregular behavior"> irregular behavior</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106808/regular-or-irregular-an-investigation-of-medicine-consumption-pattern-with-poisson-mixture-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/106808.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6985</span> Applying (1, T) Ordering Policy in a Multi-Vendor-Single-Buyer Inventory System with Lost Sales and Poisson Demand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adel%20Nikfarjam">Adel Nikfarjam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamed%20Tayebi"> Hamed Tayebi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadoullah%20Ebrahimnejad"> Sadoullah Ebrahimnejad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper considers a two-echelon inventory system with a number of warehouses and a single retailer. The retailer replenishes its required items from warehouses, and assembles them into a single final product. We assume that each warehouse supplies only one kind of the raw material for the retailer. The demand process of the final product is assumed to be Poissson, and unsatisfied demand of the final product will be lost. The retailer applies one-for-one-period ordering policy which is also known as (1, T) ordering policy. In this policy the retailer orders to each warehouse a fixed quantity of each item at fixed time intervals, which the fixed quantity is equal to the utilization of the item in the final product. Since, this policy eliminates all demand uncertainties at the upstream echelon, the standard lot sizing model can be applied at all warehouses. In this paper, we calculate the total cost function of the inventory system. Then, based on this function, we present a procedure to obtain the optimal time interval between two consecutive order placements from retailer to the warehouses, and the optimal order quantities of warehouses (assuming that there are positive ordering costs at warehouses). Finally, we present some numerical examples, and conduct numerical sensitivity analysis for cost parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-echelon%20supply%20chain" title="two-echelon supply chain">two-echelon supply chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-vendor-single-buyer%20inventory%20system" title=" multi-vendor-single-buyer inventory system"> multi-vendor-single-buyer inventory system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lost%20sales" title=" lost sales"> lost sales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Poisson%20demand" title=" Poisson demand"> Poisson demand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=one-for-one-period%20policy" title=" one-for-one-period policy"> one-for-one-period policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lot%20sizing%20model" title=" lot sizing model"> lot sizing model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68995/applying-1-t-ordering-policy-in-a-multi-vendor-single-buyer-inventory-system-with-lost-sales-and-poisson-demand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68995.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6984</span> Spare Part Inventory Optimization Policy: A Study Literature</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zukhrof%20Romadhon">Zukhrof Romadhon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nani%20Kurniati"> Nani Kurniati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Availability of Spare parts is critical to support maintenance tasks and the production system. Managing spare part inventory deals with some parameters and objective functions, as well as the tradeoff between inventory costs and spare parts availability. Several mathematical models and methods have been developed to optimize the spare part policy. Many researchers who proposed optimization models need to be considered to identify other potential models. This work presents a review of several pertinent literature on spare part inventory optimization and analyzes the gaps for future research. Initial investigation on scholars and many journal database systems under specific keywords related to spare parts found about 17K papers. Filtering was conducted based on five main aspects, i.e., replenishment policy, objective function, echelon network, lead time, model solving, and additional aspects of part classification. Future topics could be identified based on the number of papers that haven’t addressed specific aspects, including joint optimization of spare part inventory and maintenance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spare%20part" title="spare part">spare part</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spare%20part%20inventory" title=" spare part inventory"> spare part inventory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20model" title=" inventory model"> inventory model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization" title=" optimization"> optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maintenance" title=" maintenance"> maintenance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181509/spare-part-inventory-optimization-policy-a-study-literature" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/181509.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6983</span> Multi-Criteria Inventory Classification Process Based on Logical Analysis of Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diana%20L%C3%B3pez-Soto">Diana López-Soto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soumaya%20Yacout"> Soumaya Yacout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francisco%20%C3%81ngel-Bello"> Francisco Ángel-Bello</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although inventories are considered as stocks of money sitting on shelve, they are needed in order to secure a constant and continuous production. Therefore, companies need to have control over the amount of inventory in order to find the balance between excessive and shortage of inventory. The classification of items according to certain criteria such as the price, the usage rate and the lead time before arrival allows any company to concentrate its investment in inventory according to certain ranking or priority of items. This makes the decision making process for inventory management easier and more justifiable. The purpose of this paper is to present a new approach for the classification of new items based on the already existing criteria. This approach is called the Logical Analysis of Data (LAD). It is used in this paper to assist the process of ABC items classification based on multiple criteria. LAD is a data mining technique based on Boolean theory that is used for pattern recognition. This technique has been tested in medicine, industry, credit risk analysis, and engineering with remarkable results. An application on ABC inventory classification is presented for the first time, and the results are compared with those obtained when using the well-known AHP technique and the ANN technique. The results show that LAD presented very good classification accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ABC%20multi-criteria%20inventory%20classification" title="ABC multi-criteria inventory classification">ABC multi-criteria inventory classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20management" title=" inventory management"> inventory management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-class%20LAD%20model" title=" multi-class LAD model"> multi-class LAD model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-criteria%20classification" title=" multi-criteria classification"> multi-criteria classification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29498/multi-criteria-inventory-classification-process-based-on-logical-analysis-of-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29498.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">881</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6982</span> Reducing Inventory Costs by Reducing Inventory Levels: Kuwait Flour Mills and Bakeries Company</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dana%20Al-Qattan">Dana Al-Qattan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faiza%20Goodarzi"> Faiza Goodarzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heba%20Al-Resheedan"> Heba Al-Resheedan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kawther%20Shehab"> Kawther Shehab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shoug%20Al-Ansari"> Shoug Al-Ansari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This project involves working with different types of forecasting methods and facility planning tools to help the company we have chosen to improve and reduce its inventory, increase its sales, and decrease its wastes and losses. The methods that have been used by the company have shown no improvement in decreasing the annual losses. The research made in the company has shown that no interest has been made in exploring different techniques to help the company. In this report, we introduce several methods and techniques that will help the company make more accurate forecasts and use of the available space efficiently. We expect our approach to reduce costs without affecting the quality of the product, and hence making production more viable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=production%20planning" title="production planning">production planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20management" title=" inventory management"> inventory management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20control" title=" inventory control"> inventory control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facility%20planning%20and%20design" title=" facility planning and design"> facility planning and design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering%20economy%20and%20costs" title=" engineering economy and costs"> engineering economy and costs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9187/reducing-inventory-costs-by-reducing-inventory-levels-kuwait-flour-mills-and-bakeries-company" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9187.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">570</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6981</span> Inventory Control for Purchased Part under Long Lead Time and Uncertain Demand: MRP vs Demand-Driven MRP Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20J.%20Shofa">M. J. Shofa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Hidayatno"> A. Hidayatno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20M.%20Armand"> O. M. Armand</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> MRP as a production control system is appropriate for the deterministic environment. Unfortunately, most production systems such as customer demands are stochastic. Demand-Driven MRP (DDMRP) is a new approach for inventory control system, and it deals with demand uncertainty. The objective of this paper is to compare the MRP and DDMRP work for a long lead time and uncertain demand in terms of on-hand inventory levels. The evaluation is conducted through a discrete event simulation using purchased part data from an automotive company. The result is MRP gives 50,759 pcs / day while DDMRP gives 34,835 pcs / day (reduce 32%), it means DDMRP is more effective inventory control than MRP in terms of on-hand inventory levels. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Demand-Driven%20MRP" title="Demand-Driven MRP">Demand-Driven MRP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long%20lead%20time" title=" long lead time"> long lead time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MRP" title=" MRP"> MRP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertain%20demand" title=" uncertain demand"> uncertain demand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71415/inventory-control-for-purchased-part-under-long-lead-time-and-uncertain-demand-mrp-vs-demand-driven-mrp-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71415.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">301</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6980</span> Chronolgy and Developments in Inventory Control Best Practices for FMCG Sector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roopa%20Singh">Roopa Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anurag%20Singh"> Anurag Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajay"> Ajay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Agriculture contributes a major share in the national economy of India. A major portion of Indian economy (about 70%) depends upon agriculture as it forms the main source of income. About 43% of India’s geographical area is used for agricultural activity which involves 65-75% of total population of India. The given work deals with the Fast moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) industries and their inventories which use agricultural produce as their raw material or input for their final product. Since the beginning of inventory practices, many developments took place which can be categorised into three phases, based on the review of various works. The first phase is related with development and utilization of Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model and methods for optimizing costs and profits. Second phase deals with inventory optimization method, with the purpose of balancing capital investment constraints and service level goals. The third and recent phase has merged inventory control with electrical control theory. Maintenance of inventory is considered negative, as a large amount of capital is blocked especially in mechanical and electrical industries. But the case is different in food processing and agro-based industries and their inventories due to cyclic variation in the cost of raw materials of such industries which is the reason for selection of these industries in the mentioned work. The application of electrical control theory in inventory control makes the decision-making highly instantaneous for FMCG industries without loss in their proposed profits, which happened earlier during first and second phases, mainly due to late implementation of decision. The work also replaces various inventories and work-in-progress (WIP) related errors with their monetary values, so that the decision-making is fully target-oriented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20theory" title="control theory">control theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20control" title=" inventory control"> inventory control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manufacturing%20sector" title=" manufacturing sector"> manufacturing sector</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EOQ" title=" EOQ"> EOQ</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feedback" title=" feedback"> feedback</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FMCG%20sector" title=" FMCG sector"> FMCG sector</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38001/chronolgy-and-developments-in-inventory-control-best-practices-for-fmcg-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38001.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">353</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6979</span> SCR-Based Advanced ESD Protection Device for Low Voltage Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bo%20Bae%20Song">Bo Bae Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byung%20Seok%20Lee"> Byung Seok Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyun%20young%20Kim"> Hyun young Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chung%20Kwang%20Lee"> Chung Kwang Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Seo%20Koo"> Yong Seo Koo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposed a silicon controller rectifier (SCR) based ESD protection device to protect low voltage ESD for integrated circuit. The proposed ESD protection device has low trigger voltage and high holding voltage compared with conventional SCR-based ESD protection devices. The proposed ESD protection circuit is verified and compared by TCAD simulation. This paper verified effective low voltage ESD characteristics with low trigger voltage of 5.79V and high holding voltage of 3.5V through optimization depending on design variables (D1, D2, D3, and D4). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESD" title="ESD">ESD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCR" title=" SCR"> SCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=holding%20voltage" title=" holding voltage"> holding voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latch-up" title=" latch-up"> latch-up</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21774/scr-based-advanced-esd-protection-device-for-low-voltage-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21774.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">575</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6978</span> Learning Curve Effect on Materials Procurement Schedule of Multiple Sister Ships</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vijaya%20Dixit%20Aasheesh%20Dixit">Vijaya Dixit Aasheesh Dixit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Shipbuilding industry operates in Engineer Procure Construct (EPC) context. Product mix of a shipyard comprises of various types of ships like bulk carriers, tankers, barges, coast guard vessels, sub-marines etc. Each order is unique based on the type of ship and customized requirements, which are engineered into the product right from design stage. Thus, to execute every new project, a shipyard needs to upgrade its production expertise. As a result, over the long run, holistic learning occurs across different types of projects which contributes to the knowledge base of the shipyard. Simultaneously, in the short term, during execution of a project comprising of multiple sister ships, repetition of similar tasks leads to learning at activity level. This research aims to capture above learnings of a shipyard and incorporate learning curve effect in project scheduling and materials procurement to improve project performance. Extant literature provides support for the existence of such learnings in an organization. In shipbuilding, there are sequences of similar activities which are expected to exhibit learning curve behavior. For example, the nearly identical structural sub-blocks which are successively fabricated, erected, and outfitted with piping and electrical systems. Learning curve representation can model not only a decrease in mean completion time of an activity, but also a decrease in uncertainty of activity duration. Sister ships have similar material requirements. The same supplier base supplies materials for all the sister ships within a project. On one hand, this provides an opportunity to reduce transportation cost by batching the order quantities of multiple ships. On the other hand, it increases the inventory holding cost at shipyard and the risk of obsolescence. Further, due to learning curve effect the production scheduled of each consequent ship gets compressed. Thus, the material requirement schedule of every next ship differs from its previous ship. As more and more ships get constructed, compressed production schedules increase the possibility of batching the orders of sister ships. This work aims at integrating materials management with project scheduling of long duration projects for manufacturing of multiple sister ships. It incorporates the learning curve effect on progressively compressing material requirement schedules and addresses the above trade-off of transportation cost and inventory holding and shortage costs while satisfying budget constraints of various stages of the project. The activity durations and lead time of items are not crisp and are available in the form of probabilistic distribution. A Stochastic Mixed Integer Programming (SMIP) model is formulated which is solved using evolutionary algorithm. Its output provides ordering dates of items and degree of order batching for all types of items. Sensitivity analysis determines the threshold number of sister ships required in a project to leverage the advantage of learning curve effect in materials management decisions. This analysis will help materials managers to gain insights about the scenarios: when and to what degree is it beneficial to treat a multiple ship project as an integrated one by batching the order quantities and when and to what degree to practice distinctive procurement for individual ship. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20curve" title="learning curve">learning curve</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=materials%20management" title=" materials management"> materials management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shipbuilding" title=" shipbuilding"> shipbuilding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sister%20ships" title=" sister ships"> sister ships</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38671/learning-curve-effect-on-materials-procurement-schedule-of-multiple-sister-ships" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38671.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6977</span> An Inventory Management Model to Manage the Stock Level for Irregular Demand Items</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riccardo%20Patriarca">Riccardo Patriarca</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giulio%20Di%20Gravio"> Giulio Di Gravio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francesco%20Costantino"> Francesco Costantino</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Massimo%20Tronci"> Massimo Tronci</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An accurate inventory management policy acquires a crucial role in the several high-availability sectors. In these sectors, due to the high-cost of spares and backorders, an (S-1, S) replenishment policy is necessary for high-availability items. The policy enables the shipment of a substitute efficient item anytime the inventory size decreases by one. This policy can be modelled following the Multi-Echelon Technique for Recoverable Item Control (METRIC). The METRIC is a system-based technique that allows defining the optimum stock level in a multi-echelon network, adopting measures in line with the decision-maker’s perspective. The METRIC defines an availability-cost function with inventory costs and required service levels, using as inputs data about the demand trend, the supplying and maintenance characteristics of the network and the budget/availability constraints. The traditional METRIC relies on the hypothesis that a Poisson distribution well represents the demand distribution in case of items with a low failure rate. However, in this research, we will explore the effects of using a Poisson distribution to model the demand of low failure rate items characterized by an irregular demand trend. This characteristic of a demand is not included in the traditional METRIC formulation leading to the need of revising its traditional formulation. Using the CV (Coefficient of Variation) and ADI (Average inter-Demand Interval) classification, we will define the inherent flaws of Poisson-based METRIC for irregular demand items, defining an innovative ad hoc distribution which can better fit the irregular demands. This distribution will allow defining proper stock levels to reduce stocking and backorder costs due to the high irregularities in the demand trend. A case study in the aviation domain will clarify the benefits of this innovative METRIC approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=METRIC" title="METRIC">METRIC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20management" title=" inventory management"> inventory management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irregular%20demand" title=" irregular demand"> irregular demand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spare%20parts" title=" spare parts"> spare parts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73000/an-inventory-management-model-to-manage-the-stock-level-for-irregular-demand-items" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73000.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6976</span> Optimal Emergency Shipment Policy for a Single-Echelon Periodic Review Inventory System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saeed%20Poormoaied">Saeed Poormoaied</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zumbul%20Atan"> Zumbul Atan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Emergency shipments provide a powerful mechanism to alleviate the risk of imminent stock-outs and can result in substantial benefits in an inventory system. Customer satisfaction and high service level are immediate consequences of utilizing emergency shipments. In this paper, we consider a single-echelon periodic review inventory system consisting of a single local warehouse, being replenished from a central warehouse with ample capacity in an infinite horizon setting. Since the structure of the optimal policy appears to be complicated, we analyze this problem under an order-up-to-S inventory control policy framework, the (S, T) policy, with the emergency shipment consideration. In each period of the periodic review policy, there is a single opportunity at any point of time for the emergency shipment so that in case of stock-outs, an emergency shipment is requested. The goal is to determine the timing and amount of the emergency shipment during a period (emergency shipment policy) as well as the base stock periodic review policy parameters (replenishment policy). We show that how taking advantage of having an emergency shipment during periods improves the performance of the classical (S, T) policy, especially when fixed and unit emergency shipment costs are small. Investigating the structure of the objective function, we develop an exact algorithm for finding the optimal solution. We also provide a heuristic and an approximation algorithm for the periodic review inventory system problem. The experimental analyses indicate that the heuristic algorithm is computationally more efficient than the approximation algorithm, but in terms of the solution efficiency, the approximation algorithm performs very well. We achieve up to 13% cost savings in the (S, T) policy if we apply the proposed emergency shipment policy. Moreover, our computational results reveal that the approximated solution is often within 0.21% of the globally optimal solution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emergency%20shipment" title="emergency shipment">emergency shipment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory" title=" inventory"> inventory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=periodic%20review%20policy" title=" periodic review policy"> periodic review policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=approximation%20algorithm." title=" approximation algorithm."> approximation algorithm.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105991/optimal-emergency-shipment-policy-for-a-single-echelon-periodic-review-inventory-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105991.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20holding%20cost&page=1" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20holding%20cost&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">2</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20holding%20cost&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20holding%20cost&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inventory%20holding%20cost&page=5">5</a></li> 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