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class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Composition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Composition_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Combat_chronicle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Combat_chronicle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Combat chronicle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Combat_chronicle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ruhr_pocket" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ruhr_pocket"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.1</span> <span>Ruhr pocket</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ruhr_pocket-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flossenbürg_concentration_camp" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flossenbürg_concentration_camp"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.2</span> <span>Flossenbürg concentration camp</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flossenbürg_concentration_camp-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Czechoslovakia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Czechoslovakia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4.3</span> <span>Czechoslovakia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Czechoslovakia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assignments_in_the_ETO" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assignments_in_the_ETO"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Assignments in the ETO</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assignments_in_the_ETO-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Command_posts_in_the_ETO" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Command_posts_in_the_ETO"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Command posts in the ETO</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Command_posts_in_the_ETO-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-war_duties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-war_duties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Post-war duties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-war_duties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Command_posts_in_Japan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Command_posts_in_Japan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Command posts in Japan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Command_posts_in_Japan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cold_War_to_present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" 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References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown 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href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%93%D7%99%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%96%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94-97_(%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA)" title="הדיוויזיה ה-97 (ארצות הברית) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הדיוויזיה ה-97 (ארצות הברית)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/97._pehotna_divizija_(ZDA)" title="97. pehotna divizija (ZDA) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="97. pehotna divizija (ZDA)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_97_(%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90)" title="กองพลทหารราบที่ 97 (สหรัฐ) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กองพลทหารราบที่ 97 (สหรัฐ)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4646179#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">97th Infantry Division</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:97THID.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/97THID.svg/150px-97THID.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/97THID.svg/225px-97THID.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/97THID.svg/300px-97THID.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="879" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">97th Infantry Division shoulder sleeve insignia</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">5 September – 20 November 1918<br />25 February 1943 – 31 March 1946</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/43px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6336" data-file-height="4992" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Infantry" title="Infantry">Infantry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Size</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Division_(military)" title="Division (military)">Division</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Nickname(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Trident</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Engagements</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Allied_invasion_of_Germany" title="Western Allied invasion of Germany">Central Europe</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p>The <b>97th Infantry Division</b> was a unit of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. Nicknamed the "Trident division" because of its <a href="/wiki/Division_insignia_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Division insignia of the United States Army">shoulder patch</a>, a vertical <a href="/wiki/Trident" title="Trident">trident</a> in white on a blue background, it was originally trained in <a href="/wiki/Amphibious_warfare" title="Amphibious warfare">amphibious assaults</a> as preparation for deployment in the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean_theater_of_World_War_II" title="Pacific Ocean theater of World War II">Pacific Theater</a>. It was deployed to Europe in 1944 when casualties from the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bulge" title="Battle of the Bulge">Battle of the Bulge</a> needed to be replaced.<sup id="cite_ref-Hecht_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hecht-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="World_War_I">World War I</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: World War I"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 97th Division was one of the divisions planned to be activated in late 1918 and deployed to France in 1919 to reinforce the <a href="/wiki/American_Expeditionary_Forces" title="American Expeditionary Forces">American Expeditionary Force</a>. The division was organized at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Cody_(military_camp)" class="mw-redirect" title="Camp Cody (military camp)">Camp Cody</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deming,_New_Mexico" title="Deming, New Mexico">Deming, New Mexico</a> and activated on 5 September 1918. It included the 193rd and 194th Infantry Brigades, and the 172nd Field Artillery Brigade. The 194th was to be organized and trained at Camp Cody, the 172nd at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Jackson,_South_Carolina" class="mw-redirect" title="Camp Jackson, South Carolina">Camp Jackson, South Carolina</a>, and the 193rd was to be organized in France with the AEF. The division's cadre consisted of over 1,000 trained officers and enlisted men, and Colonel Carl A. Martin became its first commander on 26 September.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHirshauer19917_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHirshauer19917-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The division was intended to be composed of <a href="/wiki/National_Army_(USA)#World_War_I" class="mw-redirect" title="National Army (USA)">National Army</a> draftees mainly from <a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vermont" title="Vermont">Vermont</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire" title="New Hampshire">New Hampshire</a>, but in October, over 5,000 draftees, mainly from Oklahoma and Minnesota, were sent to the division at Camp Cody. Initial instruction at Camp Cody went relatively well, but the 172nd Brigade's training at Camp Jackson was delayed by a lack of personnel. Its regiments were at less than half-strength as late as the beginning of November.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHirshauer19917_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHirshauer19917-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In late October, the 97th was struck by the <a href="/wiki/1918_flu_pandemic" class="mw-redirect" title="1918 flu pandemic">1918 flu pandemic</a>, which sickened over 500 soldiers and killed more than 100. On 25 October, Brigadier General James R. Lindsay became division commander as Martin became its chief of staff. The war ended with the <a href="/wiki/Armistice_of_11_November_1918" title="Armistice of 11 November 1918">Armistice of 11 November</a>, and the 97th was ordered to be demobilized on 20 November. At the time, it was only partially organized and consisted of 402 officers and 7,889 men. The demobilization was completed on 22 December/<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHirshauer19918_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHirshauer19918-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Neptune_(mythology)" title="Neptune (mythology)">Neptune</a>'s trident was originally adopted as the division's symbol, to represent the coastal states of Maine, Vermont and New Hampshire, from which the first recruits were drawn in 1918. The three prongs of the trident represent the three states, the blue symbolizes the states' numerous fresh water lakes, and the white of the border and trident represents the snow that covers these states' mountains. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Composition">Composition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Division Headquarters</li> <li>387th Infantry Regiment</li> <li>388th Infantry Regiment</li> <li>622nd Field Signal Battalion</li> <li>366th Machine Gun Battalion</li> <li>322nd Train Headquarters and Military Police</li> <li>322nd Sanitary Train</li></ul> <p><b>172nd Field Artillery Brigade</b> </p><p>The brigade was organized at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Jackson_(South_Carolina)" title="Fort Jackson (South Carolina)">Camp Jackson, South Carolina</a>, under the command of Brigadier General <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Hadley_Currie" title="Dennis Hadley Currie">Dennis H. Currie</a>. </p> <ul><li>61st Field Artillery Regiment</li> <li>62nd Field Artillery Regiment</li> <li>63rd Field Artillery Regiment</li> <li>21st Trench Mortar Battery</li> <li>322nd Ammunition Train</li></ul> <p><b>Commanders</b> </p> <ul><li>Colonel Carl A. Martin - 26 September 1918 to 19 October 1918;</li> <li>Brigadier General <a href="/wiki/James_R._Lindsay" title="James R. Lindsay">James R. Lindsay</a> - 19 October 1918 until demobilization on 20 November 1918.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Interwar_period">Interwar period</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Interwar period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 97th Division was reconstituted in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Reserve" title="United States Army Reserve">Organized Reserve</a> on 24 June 1921, allotted to the First <a href="/wiki/Corps_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Corps Area">Corps Area</a>, and assigned to the <a href="/wiki/XI_Corps_(United_States)" title="XI Corps (United States)">XI Corps</a>. The division was further allotted to the states of New Hampshire, Maine, and Vermont as its home area. The headquarters was organized in December 1921 initially at <a href="/wiki/Augusta,_Maine" title="Augusta, Maine">Augusta, Maine</a>, then relocated in September 1922 to the Bell Building at 922 Elm Street in <a href="/wiki/Manchester,_New_Hampshire" title="Manchester, New Hampshire">Manchester, New Hampshire</a>. The headquarters was again relocated in August 1923 to the Federal Building in Manchester. In late 1937, the headquarters was transferred to the new Post Office Building in Portland, and remained there until activated for World War II. The 373rd-375th Infantry Regiments, part of the provisional 94th Division in World War I which was intended to be composed of Puerto Rican soldiers, were allotted to <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a>'s 211th Infantry Brigade as part of a hypothetical division which was never organized, and the unorganized 376th Infantry was assigned to the <a href="/wiki/94th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="94th Infantry Division (United States)">94th Division</a>, which was allotted to <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>. To flesh out the rest of the 94th Division's infantry, the 301st and 302nd Infantry Regiments (part of the <a href="/wiki/76th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="76th Infantry Division (United States)">76th Division</a> in World War I) were assigned, along with the newly-constituted 419th Infantry. The 76th Division retained only its World War I-era 304th Infantry, taking the 385th Infantry from the 97th Division and adding the newly-constituted 417th and 418th Infantry Regiments, while the 97th Division took the 76th Division's 303rd Infantry and retained the 386th-388th Infantry Regiments.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After its organization, the 97th Division rapidly built its strength. Although the division area had virtually no major population centers and possessed a poor highway network, the division was above 90 percent complete by November 1923. Due to the poor road network and because the division’s officers tended to be concentrated in the larger towns, the division’s personnel, less those in the infantry regiments, tended to hold their inactive training meetings as “group” meetings (i.e., without respect to unit assignment) rather than unit meetings. To maintain communications with the officers of the division, the division staff published a newsletter titled the “97th Division Bulletin.” The newsletter informed the division’s members of such things as when and where the inactive training sessions were to be held, what the division’s summer training quotas were, where the camps were to be held, and which units would be assigned to help conduct the <a href="/wiki/Citizens_Military_Training_Camps" class="mw-redirect" title="Citizens Military Training Camps">Citizens Military Training Camps</a> (CMTC). </p><p>The mobilization and training station for the division was <a href="/wiki/Fort_Devens" title="Fort Devens">Camp Devens</a>, Massachusetts, the location where much of the 97th’s training activities occurred over the next 20 years. For the few summers when the division headquarters was called to duty for training as a unit, the 97th Division trained with the staff of the <a href="/wiki/9th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="9th Infantry Division (United States)">9th Division</a>'s 18th Infantry Brigade at Camp Devens, and occasionally with the staff of the <a href="/wiki/5th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="5th Infantry Regiment (United States)">5th Infantry Regiment</a> at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Williams" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Williams">Fort Williams</a>, Maine. The summer training for the personnel assigned to the division headquarters was varied and included staff training, branch-specific training, and division-level <a href="/wiki/Military_exercise" title="Military exercise">command post exercises</a> (CPXs). For several summers, however, the division conducted a “Special Officers Camp” at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Ethan_Allen" title="Fort Ethan Allen">Fort Ethan Allen</a>, Vermont, which consisted of training for unassigned officers, officers who could not attend training with their assigned units, and basic officer training for recent ROTC and CMTC commissionees. The division also held periodic contact camps during the inactive training period, usually at <a href="/wiki/Poland_Spring,_Maine" class="mw-redirect" title="Poland Spring, Maine">Poland Spring, Maine</a>. </p><p>The division’s subordinate units trained all over the First Corps Area. Divisional infantry regiments, for example, held their summer training primarily with the units of the 18th Infantry Brigade at Camp Devens; Fort Ethan Allen; <a href="/wiki/Fort_Adams" title="Fort Adams">Fort Adams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Fort_McKinley_(Maine)" title="Fort McKinley (Maine)">Forts McKinley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fort_Williams_(Maine)" title="Fort Williams (Maine)">Williams</a>, Maine. Other units, such as the special troops, artillery, engineers, aviation, medical, and quartermaster, trained at various posts in the First, Second, and Third Corps Areas with Regular Army units of the same branch. For example, the 322nd Engineer Regiment usually trained with elements of the <a href="/wiki/1st_Engineer_Battalion_(United_States)" title="1st Engineer Battalion (United States)">1st Engineer Regiment</a> at <a href="/wiki/Fort_DuPont" title="Fort DuPont">Fort DuPont</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delaware" title="Delaware">Delaware</a>; the 322nd Medical Regiment trained with the <a href="/wiki/1st_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)" title="1st Medical Brigade (United States)">1st Medical Regiment</a> at <a href="/wiki/Carlisle_Barracks" title="Carlisle Barracks">Carlisle Barracks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>; and the 322nd Observation Squadron trained with the <a href="/wiki/5th_Reconnaissance_Squadron" title="5th Reconnaissance Squadron">5th Observation Squadron</a> at <a href="/wiki/Mitchel_Field" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitchel Field">Mitchel Field</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(U.S._state)" class="mw-redirect" title="New York (U.S. state)">New York</a>. In addition to the unit training camps, the infantry regiments of the division rotated responsibility to conduct the CMTC held at Camp Devens, Fort McKinley, and Fort Ethan Allen each year. </p><p>On a number of occasions, the division participated in First Corps Area and First Army CPXs in conjunction with other Regular Army, National Guard, and Organized Reserve units. These training events gave division staff officers’ opportunities to practice the roles they would be expected to perform in the event the division was mobilized. Unlike the Regular and Guard units in the First Corps Area, the 97th Division did not participate in the various First Corps Area maneuvers and the <a href="/wiki/First_Army_(United_States)" title="First Army (United States)">First Army</a> maneuvers of 1935, 1939, and 1940 as an organized unit due to lack of enlisted personnel and equipment. Instead, the officers and a few enlisted reservists were assigned to Regular and Guard units to fill vacant slots and bring the units up to full peace strength for the exercises. Additionally, some officers were assigned duties as umpires or as support personnel.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="World_War_II">World War II</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:97th_Infantry_Division_in_Cologne,_Germany,_March_18,_1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/97th_Infantry_Division_in_Cologne%2C_Germany%2C_March_18%2C_1945.jpg/220px-97th_Infantry_Division_in_Cologne%2C_Germany%2C_March_18%2C_1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/97th_Infantry_Division_in_Cologne%2C_Germany%2C_March_18%2C_1945.jpg/330px-97th_Infantry_Division_in_Cologne%2C_Germany%2C_March_18%2C_1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/97th_Infantry_Division_in_Cologne%2C_Germany%2C_March_18%2C_1945.jpg/440px-97th_Infantry_Division_in_Cologne%2C_Germany%2C_March_18%2C_1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1166" data-file-height="786" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/G.I." title="G.I.">G.I.</a>'s of the 97th Infantry Division in Cologne, Germany, March 18, 1945</figcaption></figure> <p>The 97th Infantry Division was ordered into active military service during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> on 25 February 1943 at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Swift" class="mw-redirect" title="Camp Swift">Camp Swift</a>, Texas, the last of the Organized Reserve infantry divisions to enter active duty. Before Organized Reserve infantry divisions were ordered into active military service, they were reorganized on paper as "triangular" divisions under the 1940 tables of organization. The headquarters companies of the two infantry brigades were consolidated into the division's cavalry reconnaissance troop, and one infantry regiment was removed by inactivation. The field artillery brigade headquarters and headquarters battery became the headquarters and headquarters battery of the division artillery. Its three field artillery regiments were reorganized into four battalions; one battalion was taken from each of the two 75 mm gun regiments to form two 105 mm howitzer battalions, the brigade's ammunition train was reorganized as the third 105 mm howitzer battalion, and the 155 mm howitzer battalion was formed from the 155 mm howitzer regiment. The engineer, medical, and quartermaster regiments were reorganized into battalions. In 1942, divisional quartermaster battalions were split into ordnance light maintenance companies and quartermaster companies, and the division's headquarters and military police company, which had previously been a combined unit, was split.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because the activation rate of Army units in late 1942 was proceeding faster than the expected induction rate of new soldiers and there was an urgent need for personnel to participate in the <a href="/wiki/Operation_Torch" title="Operation Torch">Operation Torch</a> landings in North Africa planned for November 1942, the reorganization of the 97th was deferred until early 1943 and three partially-trained divisions were stripped to less than 50 percent strength. Most of the cadre for the 97th came from the <a href="/wiki/95th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="95th Infantry Division (United States)">95th Infantry Division</a> stationed at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Sam_Houston" title="Fort Sam Houston">Fort Sam Houston</a>, Texas. In February 1944 the division was moved to <a href="/wiki/Fort_Leonard_Wood,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri">Fort Leonard Wood</a>, Missouri, for additional training. During 1944, approximately 5,000 soldiers were stripped from the division and sent as replacements to other units in Europe. Division strength was eventually restored when the <a href="/wiki/Army_Specialized_Training_Program" title="Army Specialized Training Program">Army Specialized Training Program</a> and aviation cadet training program were sharply reduced or terminated and many of their personnel were reassigned to <a href="/wiki/Army_Ground_Forces" title="Army Ground Forces">Army Ground Forces</a> for retraining as infantry.<sup id="cite_ref-Hecht_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hecht-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 1944 the division relocated to <a href="/wiki/Camp_San_Luis_Obispo" title="Camp San Luis Obispo">Camp San Luis Obispo</a>, California. Under the supervision of the Navy and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">Marine Corps</a>, the division began amphibious training and exercises at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Callan" title="Camp Callan">Camp Callan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coronado_Strand" class="mw-redirect" title="Coronado Strand">Coronado Strand</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Clemente_Island" title="San Clemente Island">San Clemente Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Nicolas_Island" title="San Nicolas Island">San Nicolas Island</a> and <a href="/wiki/Camp_Pendleton" class="mw-redirect" title="Camp Pendleton">Camp Pendleton</a>. In September 1944 the 97th was transferred to <a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandenberg Air Force Base">Camp Cooke</a>, California, for further amphibious training.<sup id="cite_ref-97th_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97th-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early January 1945, General <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Allied_Commander" title="Supreme Allied Commander">Supreme Commander</a> of <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allied forces</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Western Front (World War I)">Western Front</a>, was alarmed over the swift progress the Germans had made during the waning <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bulge" title="Battle of the Bulge">Battle of the Bulge</a> and was concerned that the Germans could move additional reinforcements to the west from the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">Eastern Front</a>. He requested additional divisions over and above those already earmarked for the European theater. The <a href="/wiki/86th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="86th Infantry Division (United States)">86th</a> and 97th Infantry Divisions, allocated for service in the Pacific, were ordered to the <a href="/wiki/European_Theater_of_Operations,_United_States_Army" title="European Theater of Operations, United States Army">European Theater of Operations</a> (ETO) instead for the <a href="/wiki/Western_Allied_invasion_of_Germany" title="Western Allied invasion of Germany">final assault on Germany</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The strength of the division upon deployment in Europe was 600 officers and 14,000 men.<sup id="cite_ref-97th_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97th-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Overseas: 19 February 1945 for the ETO;</li> <li>Returned to U.S.: 16 June 1945, from the ETO</li> <li>Overseas: 28 August 1945, for the Pacific Theater, arriving 25 September 1945 in <a href="/wiki/Yokohama,_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Yokohama, Japan">Yokohama, Japan</a><sup id="cite_ref-Hecht_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hecht-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Campaigns: <a href="/wiki/Central_Europe_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Europe Campaign">Central Europe</a></li> <li>Days of combat: 41 (ETO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Prisoners of war">Prisoners of war</a> taken in the ETO: 48,796</li> <li>Inactivated: 31 March 1946 in Japan<sup id="cite_ref-USFET_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USFET-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Casualties">Casualties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Casualties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>Total battle casualties:</b> 979<sup id="cite_ref-Nonbattle_Deaths_1953_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nonbattle_Deaths_1953-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Killed in action:</b> 188<sup id="cite_ref-Nonbattle_Deaths_1953_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nonbattle_Deaths_1953-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Wounded in action:</b> 721<sup id="cite_ref-Nonbattle_Deaths_1953_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nonbattle_Deaths_1953-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Missing in action:</b> 9<sup id="cite_ref-Nonbattle_Deaths_1953_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nonbattle_Deaths_1953-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Prisoner of war:</b> 61<sup id="cite_ref-Nonbattle_Deaths_1953_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nonbattle_Deaths_1953-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Awards">Awards</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Honor" title="Medal of Honor">Medal of Honor</a> - 1 (<a href="/wiki/Joe_R._Hastings" title="Joe R. Hastings">Joe R. Hastings</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Hastings_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hastings-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Cross_(United_States)" title="Distinguished Service Cross (United States)">Distinguished Service Cross</a> - 4</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Medal_(U.S._Army)" title="Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)">Distinguished Service Medal</a> - 1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_Star" title="Silver Star">Silver Star</a> - 61</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Merit" title="Legion of Merit">Legion of Merit</a> - 2 (A. James Faulkner<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Robie_Macauley" title="Robie Macauley">Robie Macauley</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soldier%27s_Medal" title="Soldier's Medal">Soldier's Medal</a> - 3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronze_Star_Medal" title="Bronze Star Medal">Bronze Star</a> − 206</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Composition_2">Composition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Headquarters, 97th Infantry Division</li> <li>303rd Infantry Regiment</li> <li>386th Infantry Regiment</li> <li>387th Infantry Regiment<sup id="cite_ref-McCaffrey_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCaffrey-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Buckley_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Buckley-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 97th Infantry Division Artillery<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>303rd Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm)</li> <li>365th Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm)</li> <li>922nd Field Artillery Battalion (105 mm)</li> <li>389th Field Artillery Battalion (155 mm)</li></ul></li> <li>322nd Engineer Combat Battalion</li> <li>322nd Medical Battalion</li> <li><a href="/wiki/193rd_Infantry_Brigade_(United_States)" title="193rd Infantry Brigade (United States)">97th Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized)</a></li> <li>Headquarters, Special Troops, 97th Infantry Division <ul><li>Headquarters Company, 97th Infantry Division</li> <li>797th Ordnance Light Maintenance Company</li> <li>97th Quartermaster Company</li> <li>597th Signal Company</li> <li>97th Military Police Platoon</li> <li>97th Infantry Division Band</li></ul></li> <li>97th Counterintelligence Corps Detachment</li></ul> <p><b>Commanders</b> </p> <ul><li>Major General <a href="/wiki/Louis_A._Craig" title="Louis A. Craig">Louis A. Craig</a>, 4 February 1943 – 19 January 1944</li> <li>Brigadier General <a href="/wiki/Milton_B._Halsey" title="Milton B. Halsey">Milton B. Halsey</a>, 20 January 1944 – 24 September 1945</li> <li>Major General <a href="/wiki/Herman_F._Kramer" title="Herman F. Kramer">Herman F. Kramer</a>, 24 September 1945 – inactivation on 31 March 1946.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Combat_chronicle">Combat chronicle</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Combat chronicle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After assembly and training at <a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandenberg Air Force Base">Camp Cooke</a> in California, the 97th Infantry Division was transported by train to <a href="/wiki/Camp_Kilmer" title="Camp Kilmer">Camp Kilmer</a>, New Jersey. The division embarked on <a href="/wiki/Troopship" title="Troopship">troopships</a> in New York and landed at <a href="/wiki/Le_Havre,_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Havre, France">Le Havre, France</a> on 2 March 1945, then moved to Camp Lucky Strike. After crossing France by troop train, the division passed through <a href="/wiki/Maastricht" title="Maastricht">Maastricht</a> and crossed the German border west of <a href="/wiki/Aachen" title="Aachen">Aachen</a> on 28 March, taking up a defensive position along the west bank of the <a href="/wiki/Rhine_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhine River">Rhine River</a> opposite <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf" title="Düsseldorf">Düsseldorf</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-97th_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97th-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As all bridges over the Rhine had been destroyed and the city was well-defended, the 97th was ordered to move south along the west bank of the Rhine, crossing over it near <a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonn</a> on 3 April and taking up a position on the southern bank of the <a href="/wiki/Sieg_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Sieg River">Sieg River</a> at <a href="/wiki/Hennef" class="mw-redirect" title="Hennef">Hennef</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ruhr_pocket">Ruhr pocket</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Ruhr pocket"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The division then entered the battle of the <a href="/wiki/Ruhr_pocket" title="Ruhr pocket">Ruhr pocket</a>, crossing the Sieg River on 7 April, battling German <a href="/wiki/Wehrmacht" title="Wehrmacht">Wehrmacht</a> troops defending <a href="/wiki/Schloss_Allner" title="Schloss Allner">Schloss Allner</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-McCaffrey_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCaffrey-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <a href="/wiki/After_action_report" title="After action report">after action report</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-McCaffrey_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McCaffrey-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd>"Machine-gun fire was <a href="/wiki/Strafing" title="Strafing">strafing</a> the crossing area from castle near ALLNER where it had a clear field of fire and from a wooded spur at a bend in the river W of the crossing, firing upriver toward the boats. Artillery fire, <a href="/wiki/Tank_destroyer" title="Tank destroyer">TD's</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heavy_machine_gun" title="Heavy machine gun">heavy MG</a> fire and <a href="/wiki/Mortar_(weapon)" title="Mortar (weapon)">mortars</a> were all brought to bear on this castle but although it crumbled, the MG fire continued. Fire was also coming from the high ground N of the river."</dd></dl> <p>In two days the 922nd Field Artillery Battalion fired over three thousand rounds at the area around the castle.<sup id="cite_ref-922nd_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-922nd-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Private_first_class" title="Private first class">Pfc</a> John Hedrick seized an abandoned <a href="/wiki/Assault_boat" title="Assault boat">assault boat</a> while under heavy enemy fire and used the craft to help ferry troops across the river. He was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Silver_Star" title="Silver Star">Silver Star</a>. After crossing the river, elements of the 387th Infantry Regiment assaulted the castle: </p> <dl><dd>"The 2d Battalion hit very stiff resistance at the ALLNER Castle and on the ridge in the loop of the river. <a href="/wiki/Anti-tank_warfare" title="Anti-tank warfare">Anti-tank</a> company and the TD's blasted the castle from the S bank of the SIEG River and G Company was able to clear it out."</dd></dl> <p>Entering <a href="/wiki/Siegburg" title="Siegburg">Siegburg</a> on 10 April, troops again encountered heavy resistance at the Glockner works.<sup id="cite_ref-USFET_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USFET-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 12 April Pfc <a href="/wiki/Joe_R._Hastings" title="Joe R. Hastings">Joe R. Hastings</a> of Company C, 386th Infantry Regiment, distinguished himself in action at <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drabenderh%C3%B6he" class="extiw" title="de:Drabenderhöhe">Drabenderhöhe</a>, Germany while attacking an enemy position.<sup id="cite_ref-Hastings_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hastings-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to his citation: </p> <dl><dd>"[Hastings] rushed forward over 350 yards of open, rolling fields to reach a position from which he could fire on the enemy troops. From this vantage point he killed the crews of a <a href="/wiki/Oerlikon_20_mm_cannon" title="Oerlikon 20 mm cannon">20mm gun</a> and a machine gun, drove several enemy riflemen from their positions, and so successfully shielded the 1st Platoon that it had time to reorganize and remove its wounded to safety. Observing that the 3d Platoon to his right was being met by very heavy <a href="/wiki/Bofors_40_mm_Automatic_Gun_L/60" class="mw-redirect" title="Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/60">40mm</a> and machine gun fire, he ran 150 yards with his gun to the leading elements of that unit, where he killed the crew of the 40mm gun...[He then] advanced, firing his gun held at hip height, disregarding the bullets that whipped past him, until the assault had carried 175 yards to the objective...He was killed 4 days later while again supporting the 3d Platoon."<sup id="cite_ref-Hastings_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hastings-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>He received the <a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Honor" title="Medal of Honor">Medal of Honor</a> posthumously for his actions. </p><p>On 14 April, intelligence officers from the 97th Division liberated approximately 800 <a href="/wiki/Prisoners_of_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Prisoners of war">prisoners of war</a>, including 177 Americans, being held at a <a href="/wiki/POW_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="POW camp">POW camp</a> in Hoffnungstal, near <a href="/wiki/Much,_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Much, Germany">Much, Germany</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Korf_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Korf-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pushing on toward Düsseldorf through difficult terrain and heavy resistance in densely wooded areas, the division captured <a href="/wiki/Solingen" title="Solingen">Solingen</a> on 17 April.<sup id="cite_ref-97th_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97th-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Düsseldorf fell without much fighting the next day, after the <a href="/wiki/German_resistance_to_Nazism" title="German resistance to Nazism">German Resistance</a> launched <a href="/wiki/Aktion_Rheinland" title="Aktion Rheinland">Aktion Rheinland</a>, and the Ruhr pocket was eliminated by 21 April.<sup id="cite_ref-USFET_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USFET-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Flossenbürg_concentration_camp"><span id="Flossenb.C3.BCrg_concentration_camp"></span>Flossenbürg concentration camp</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Flossenbürg concentration camp"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 23 April elements of the 97th, together with members of the <a href="/wiki/90th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="90th Infantry Division (United States)">90th Infantry Division</a>, liberated <a href="/wiki/Flossenb%C3%BCrg_concentration_camp" title="Flossenbürg concentration camp">Flossenbürg concentration camp</a> near <a href="/wiki/Flo%C3%9F" title="Floß">Floß</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Military_police" title="Military police">military police</a> patrol from the 303rd Infantry Regiment may have been the first U.S. Army unit to reach the camp, although the <a href="/wiki/2nd_Cavalry_Group,_Mechanized" class="mw-redirect" title="2nd Cavalry Group, Mechanized">2nd Cavalry Group, Mechanized</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a colonel from the <a href="/wiki/90th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="90th Infantry Division (United States)">90th Infantry Division</a> later took credit for liberating the camp.<sup id="cite_ref-Korf_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Korf-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Members of the 97th Division treated sick and dying prisoners and buried the several hundred corpses discovered in the camp. Brigadier General Milton B. Halsey inspected the camp as did General Sherman V. Hasbrouck, the commanding officer of the division artillery.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Members of the <a href="/wiki/Counter_Intelligence_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter Intelligence Corps">Counter Intelligence Corps</a>, which included <a href="/wiki/Robie_Macauley" title="Robie Macauley">Robie Macauley</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ib_Melchior" title="Ib Melchior">Ib Melchior</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Hecht" title="Anthony Hecht">Anthony Hecht</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> interviewed former prisoners and gathered evidence for trials of former camp officers and guards.<sup id="cite_ref-Hecht_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hecht-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 97th also liberated <a href="/wiki/Helmbrechts_concentration_camp" title="Helmbrechts concentration camp">Helmbrechts concentration camp</a>, a sub-camp of Flossenbürg for female prisoners.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The following day a unit of the 97th CIC Detachment led by Captain Oscar M. Grimes captured about two hundred <a href="/wiki/Gestapo" title="Gestapo">Gestapo</a> officers and men in hiding near <a href="/wiki/Hof,_Bavaria" title="Hof, Bavaria">Hof, Bavaria</a>. They were in possession of American uniforms and equipment, but had evidently made the decision to surrender.<sup id="cite_ref-Korf_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Korf-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Czechoslovakia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 25 April the division entered Czechoslovakia, moving to protect the left flank of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Third_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Third Army">Third Army</a> on its southern drive. The 97th took <a href="/wiki/Cheb,_Czechoslovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheb, Czechoslovakia">Cheb, Czechoslovakia</a>, on 25 April 1945 and attacked the Czechoslovak pocket near <a href="/wiki/Weiden_in_der_Oberpfalz" title="Weiden in der Oberpfalz">Weiden, Germany</a> on 29 April.<sup id="cite_ref-97th_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97th-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It had advanced to <a href="/wiki/Konstantinovy_L%C3%A1zn%C4%9B" title="Konstantinovy Lázně">Konstantinovy Lázně</a>, Czechoslovakia, when it received the <a href="/wiki/Ceasefire" title="Ceasefire">ceasefire</a> order on 7 May.<sup id="cite_ref-Buckley_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Buckley-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Part of the division was in <a href="/wiki/Tepl%C3%A1" title="Teplá">Teplá</a> where the German 2nd Panzer Division had surrendered. The troops used the monastery there as a <a href="/wiki/POW_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="POW camp">POW camp</a> for the Germans.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 97th Infantry Division was credited with firing the last official shot in the <a href="/wiki/European_Theatre_of_Operations" class="mw-redirect" title="European Theatre of Operations">European Theatre of Operations</a> during World War II. This shot was fired by <a href="/wiki/Private_First_Class" class="mw-redirect" title="Private First Class">Pfc.</a> Domenic Mozzetta (1925-2001) of Company B, 387th Infantry Regiment, 97th Infantry Division, at a German sniper near Klenovice, Czechoslovakia shortly before midnight, 7 May 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-97th_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97th-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Assignments_in_the_ETO">Assignments in the ETO</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Assignments in the ETO"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>30 January 1945: <a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_United_States_Army" title="Fifteenth United States Army">Fifteenth Army</a>, <a href="/wiki/Twelfth_United_States_Army_Group" title="Twelfth United States Army Group">12th Army Group</a></li> <li>28 March 1945: <a href="/wiki/XXII_Corps_(United_States)" title="XXII Corps (United States)">XXII Corps</a></li> <li>1 April 1945: <a href="/wiki/First_United_States_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="First United States Army">First Army</a>, 12th Army Group</li> <li>10 April 1945: <a href="/wiki/XVIII_Airborne_Corps_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="XVIII Airborne Corps (United States)">XVIII (Abn) Corps</a></li> <li>19 April 1945: Third Army, 12th Army Group</li> <li>22 April 1945: XII Corps<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>28 April 1945: First Army, 12th Army Group</li> <li>30 April 1945: <a href="/wiki/V_Corps_(United_States)" title="V Corps (United States)">V Corps</a></li> <li>6 May 1945: Third Army, 12th Army Group</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Command_posts_in_the_ETO">Command posts in the ETO</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Command posts in the ETO"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>2 Mar 45 - <a href="/wiki/Cigarette_Camp" title="Cigarette Camp">Camp Lucky Strike</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seine-Inferieure" class="mw-redirect" title="Seine-Inferieure">Seine-Inferieure</a>, France</li> <li>28 Mar 45 - <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6venich" class="extiw" title="de:Lövenich">Lövenich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhineland" title="Rhineland">Rhineland</a>, Germany</li> <li>31 Mar 45 - <a href="/wiki/Mechernich" title="Mechernich">Glehn</a>, Rhineland, Germany</li> <li>4 Apr 45 - <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oberpleis" class="extiw" title="de:Oberpleis">Oberpleis</a>, Rhineland, Germany</li> <li>12 Apr 45 - <a href="/wiki/Siegburg" title="Siegburg">Siegburg</a>, Rhineland, Germany</li> <li>14 Apr 45 - <a href="/wiki/Rosrath" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosrath">Rosrath</a>, Rhineland, Germany</li> <li>15 Apr 45 - <a href="/wiki/Bergisch_Gladbach" title="Bergisch Gladbach">Bergisch Gladbach</a>, Rhineland, Germany</li> <li>17 Apr 45 - <a href="/wiki/Solingen" title="Solingen">Solingen</a>, Rhineland, Germany</li> <li>21 Apr 45 - <a href="/wiki/Hof,_Bavaria" title="Hof, Bavaria">Hof</a>, Bavaria, Germany</li> <li>23 Apr 45 - <a href="/wiki/Wunsiedel" title="Wunsiedel">Wunsiedel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, Germany</li> <li>29 Apr 45 - <a href="/wiki/Weiden_in_der_Oberpfalz" title="Weiden in der Oberpfalz">Weiden in der Oberpfalz</a>, Bavaria, Germany</li> <li>5 May 45 - <a href="/wiki/Tachov" title="Tachov">Tachov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemia</a>, Czechoslovakia</li> <li>7 May 45 - <a href="/wiki/Konstantinovy_L%C3%A1zn%C4%9B" title="Konstantinovy Lázně">Konstantinovy Lázně</a>, Bohemia, Czechoslovakia</li> <li>9 May 45 - <a href="/wiki/Tachov" title="Tachov">Tachov</a>, Bohemia, Czechoslovakia</li> <li>15 May 45 - <a href="/wiki/Memmelsdorf" title="Memmelsdorf">Memmelsdorf</a>, Bavaria, Germany</li> <li>1 Jun 45 - <a href="/wiki/Cigarette_Camp" title="Cigarette Camp">Camp Old Gold</a>, Seine-Inferieure, France</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-war_duties">Post-war duties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Post-war duties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The division left <a href="/wiki/Le_Havre" title="Le Havre">Le Havre</a> on 16 June 1945 aboard the <a href="/wiki/SS_Brazil_(1928)" title="SS Brazil (1928)">SS <i>Brazil</i></a>, arriving at <a href="/wiki/Camp_Shanks" title="Camp Shanks">Camp Shanks</a> on 24 June.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After a 30-day leave, the division reassembled at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Bragg" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Bragg">Fort Bragg</a>, crossed the US by troop train and on 1 September embarked aboard the <a href="/wiki/USS_Grundy" title="USS Grundy">USS <i>Grundy</i></a> for redeployment to the Pacific, arriving at <a href="/wiki/Cebu" title="Cebu">Cebu</a>, Philippine Islands on 16 September and then sailing to Japan for <a href="/wiki/Occupied_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Occupied Japan">occupation duty</a>, the first unit previously stationed in Europe to arrive in Japan after the end of the war. Arriving at <a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a> on 25 September 1945, the division relieved the <a href="/wiki/43rd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="43rd Infantry Division (United States)">43rd Infantry Division</a><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and established its headquarters at Mitsugahara Airfield in <a href="/wiki/Kumagaya,_Saitama" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumagaya, Saitama">Kumagaya</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hecht_Japan_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hecht_Japan-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By December the 97th had reached its maximum deployment through six prefectures: <a href="/wiki/Saitama_Prefecture" title="Saitama Prefecture">Saitama</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gunma_Prefecture" title="Gunma Prefecture">Gunma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nagano_Prefecture" title="Nagano Prefecture">Nagano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niigata_Prefecture" title="Niigata Prefecture">Niigata</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fukushima_Prefecture" title="Fukushima Prefecture">Fukushima</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tochigi_Prefecture" title="Tochigi Prefecture">Tochigi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-inactive_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inactive-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Confiscating and disposing of Japanese military property proved to be the Division's prime task. The 97th returned 198,142,046 pounds of foodstuffs, 670,226 gallons of gasoline, 8,568,857 yards of cloth and 480,343 pairs of boots and shoes to the Japanese government for distribution to civilians.<sup id="cite_ref-inactive_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inactive-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 26 October counter-intelligence officers from the 97th Division located $2.5 million worth of stolen <a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">radium</a> in the German consulate in <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a>, and another $3 million in <a href="/wiki/Silver_bullion" class="mw-redirect" title="Silver bullion">silver bullion</a> in a warehouse in <a href="/wiki/Iida,_Nagano" title="Iida, Nagano">Iida, Nagano</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 31 October, <a href="/wiki/Special_Agent" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Agent">Special Agent</a> <a href="/wiki/Robie_Macauley" title="Robie Macauley">Robie Macauley</a> of the division's counter-intelligence unit arrested 26 prominent Nazis who were in hiding in <a href="/wiki/Karuizawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Karuizawa">Karuizawa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The division was inactivated on 31 March 1946 in Yokohama.<sup id="cite_ref-97th_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97th-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-inactive_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inactive-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Command_posts_in_Japan">Command posts in Japan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Command posts in Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>25 Sep 45 - Mitsugahara Airfield in <a href="/wiki/Kumagaya,_Saitama" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumagaya, Saitama">Kumagaya, Saitama</a>, Japan</li> <li>7 Oct 45 - <a href="/wiki/Ueda,_Nagano" title="Ueda, Nagano">Ueda, Nagano</a>, Japan<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cold_War_to_present">Cold War to present</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Cold War to present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 15 July 1962, the division's 97th Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop was converted and redesignated, less the 3rd Platoon, as the Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 193rd Infantry Brigade, and relieved from assignment to the 97th Infantry Division. Concurrently, it was withdrawn from the Army Reserve and allotted to the Regular Army. </p><p>The 3rd Platoon, 97th Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop was concurrently converted and redesignated as the Headquarters and Headquarters Company, 194th Infantry Brigade - hereafter separate lineage).<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The unit was reactivated shortly thereafter on 8 August 1962 in the <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_Zone" title="Panama Canal Zone">Panama Canal Zone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 December 1967, the 97th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Reserve_Command" title="United States Army Reserve Command">Army Reserve Command</a> was activated at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Meade,_Maryland" title="Fort Meade, Maryland">Fort Meade, Maryland</a>. While the 97th ARCOM was allowed to wear the shoulder sleeve insignia of the 97th Infantry Division and use its number, Department of the Army policy does not allow for the lineage of Table of Organization and Equipment (TOE) units, such as infantry divisions, to be perpetuated by Table of Distribution (TDA) units, such as ARCOMs. </p><p>Three medical units of the 97th were mobilized and deployed to <a href="/wiki/South_Vietnam" title="South Vietnam">South Vietnam</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/United_States_invasion_of_Panama" title="United States invasion of Panama">U.S. military Operations in Panama</a> to oust dictator <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Noriega" title="Manuel Noriega">Manuel Noriega</a> in 1989, the 97th deployed troops to neutralize key <a href="/wiki/Panamanian_Defense_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Panamanian Defense Forces">Panamanian Defense Forces</a> positions on the Pacific side of the Canal Zone; <a href="/wiki/Civil_affairs" title="Civil affairs">civil affairs</a> soldiers from the 97th later assisted in rebuilding the new <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Panama" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of Panama">Government of Panama</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During operations <a href="/wiki/Desert_Shield" class="mw-redirect" title="Desert Shield">Desert Shield</a> and <a href="/wiki/Desert_Storm" class="mw-redirect" title="Desert Storm">Desert Storm</a>, more than 3,000 division troops deployed to missions in the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a>. </p><p>In 1996, as part of the overall force reduction following the end of the Cold War, the 97th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Reserve" title="United States Army Reserve">Army Reserve Command</a> was inactivated and its units were absorbed into the 99th Regional Readiness Command.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Years later the lineage of the 97th Infantry Division was reactivated as the 97th Training Brigade, a subordinate unit of the <a href="/wiki/100th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="100th Infantry Division (United States)">100th Training Division</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100107155714/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/cbtchron/cc/097id.htm"><i>The Army Almanac: A Book of Facts Concerning the Army of the United States</i> U.S. Government Printing Office, 1950.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/documents/ETO-OB/97ID-ETO.htm">Command structure, statistics and other details about the 97th Inf Div</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160616025020/http://www.history.army.mil/documents/eto-ob/97ID-ETO.htm">Archived</a> 16 June 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.97thdivision.com/historyp1.html">The 97th Infantry Division During World War II</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Hecht-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hecht_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hecht_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hecht_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hecht_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLindsay2008" class="citation journal cs1">Lindsay, Geoffrey (2008). "Anthony Hecht, Private First Class". <i>The Yale Review</i>. <b>96</b> (3): 1–26. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1467-9736.2008.00410.x">10.1111/j.1467-9736.2008.00410.x</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Yale+Review&rft.atitle=Anthony+Hecht%2C+Private+First+Class&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=1-26&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1467-9736.2008.00410.x&rft.aulast=Lindsay&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A97th+Infantry+Division+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHirshauer19917-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHirshauer19917_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHirshauer19917_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHirshauer1991">Hirshauer 1991</a>, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHirshauer19918-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHirshauer19918_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHirshauer1991">Hirshauer 1991</a>, p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClay2010" class="citation book cs1">Clay, Steven E. (2010). <i>U.S. Army Order of Battle, 1919-1941, Volume 1. The Arms: Major Commands and Infantry Organizations</i>. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: Combat Studies Institute Press. pp. 242–243, 268–269, 272–273, 289–290, 348.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=U.S.+Army+Order+of+Battle%2C+1919-1941%2C+Volume+1.+The+Arms%3A+Major+Commands+and+Infantry+Organizations&rft.place=Fort+Leavenworth%2C+Kansas&rft.pages=242-243%2C+268-269%2C+272-273%2C+289-290%2C+348&rft.pub=Combat+Studies+Institute+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Clay&rft.aufirst=Steven+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A97th+Infantry+Division+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClay2010" class="citation book cs1">Clay, Steven E. (2010). <i>U.S. Army Order of Battle, 1919-1941, Volume 1. The Arms: Major Commands and Infantry Organizations</i>. Fort Leavenworth, Kansas: Combat Studies Institute Press. pp. 272–273.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=U.S.+Army+Order+of+Battle%2C+1919-1941%2C+Volume+1.+The+Arms%3A+Major+Commands+and+Infantry+Organizations&rft.place=Fort+Leavenworth%2C+Kansas&rft.pages=272-273&rft.pub=Combat+Studies+Institute+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Clay&rft.aufirst=Steven+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A97th+Infantry+Division+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson1998" class="citation book cs1">Wilson, John B. (1998). <i>Maneuver and Firepower: The Evolution of Divisions and Separate Brigades</i>. Washington, D.C.: Center of Military History, U.S. Army. p. 161, 169-70.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Maneuver+and+Firepower%3A+The+Evolution+of+Divisions+and+Separate+Brigades&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=161%2C+169-70&rft.pub=Center+of+Military+History%2C+U.S.+Army&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=John+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A97th+Infantry+Division+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97th-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-97th_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-97th_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-97th_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-97th_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-97th_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-97th_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-97th_7-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.97thdivision.com/historyp1.html">The 97th Infantry Division During World War II</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRuppenthal1959" class="citation book cs1">Ruppenthal, Roland G. (1959). <i>U.S. Army in World War II, European Theater of Operations, Logistical Support of the Armies: September 1944-May 1945</i>. Washington, D.C.: Office of the Chief of Military History, Department of the Army. p. 286.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=U.S.+Army+in+World+War+II%2C+European+Theater+of+Operations%2C+Logistical+Support+of+the+Armies%3A+September+1944-May+1945&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=286&rft.pub=Office+of+the+Chief+of+Military+History%2C+Department+of+the+Army&rft.date=1959&rft.aulast=Ruppenthal&rft.aufirst=Roland+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A97th+Infantry+Division+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USFET-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USFET_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USFET_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USFET_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genealogycenter.info/military/wwii/search_97infantry.php">The Story of the 97th Infantry Division, Orientation Branch. Information and Education Division, HQ, USFET</a>. Also reproduced <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lonesentry.com/gi_stories_booklets/97thinfantry/index.html">at Lonesentry.com</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genealogycenter.info/military/wwii/search_97infantry.php">Original document with photos</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nonbattle_Deaths_1953-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Nonbattle_Deaths_1953_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nonbattle_Deaths_1953_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nonbattle_Deaths_1953_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nonbattle_Deaths_1953_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Nonbattle_Deaths_1953_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Army Battle Casualties and Nonbattle Deaths, Final Report (Statistical and Accounting Branch, Office of the Adjutant General, 1 June 1953)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hastings-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hastings_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hastings_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hastings_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181227230653/https://history.army.mil/html/moh/wwII-g-l.html#HASTINGS">"US Army Center of Military History, World War II, Medal of Honor Recipients G-L"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.army.mil/html/moh/wwII-g-l.html#HASTINGS">the original</a> on 27 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=US+Army+Center+of+Military+History%2C+World+War+II%2C+Medal+of+Honor+Recipients+G-L&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fmoh%2FwwII-g-l.html%23HASTINGS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A97th+Infantry+Division+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unews.utah.edu/old/p/103006-1.html">"Veterans' Day Commemoration Honors Military Service in World War II, the Korean War, and Vietnam," 30 October 2006</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Susan Hobson, "New Creative Writers: 17 Novelists Whose First Work Appears This Season," <i>Library Journal,</i> 1 October 1952, p. 1642.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McCaffrey-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McCaffrey_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCaffrey_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCaffrey_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.97thdivision.com/viewersubmit/ray/ruhr.pdf">"Elimination of the Ruhr Pocket; XVIII Airborne Corps (First U. S. Army) 387th Infantry Regt, 97th Infantry Division." Interview with Capt. Milton Ponitz and First Lt. Robert McCaffrey.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Buckley-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Buckley_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Buckley_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.docstoc.com/docs/109934419/HEADQUARTERS-387TH-INFANTRY">Captain Eugene A. Buckley Jr., "After Battle Report, Participation of the 387th Inf Regt in the Battle of Germany, 21 April - 8 May, 1945."</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/site/97thfieldartillery/field-artillery-battalions/">97th Field Artillery Website</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-922nd-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-922nd_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.97thdivision.com/viewersubmit/ray/b_hist.pdf">'B' Battery, 922nd F.A., 97th Infantry Division</a>, WWII History.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Korf-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Korf_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Korf_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Korf_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kurt Frank Korf, quoted in Patricia Kollander, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FX0Ip-n-Tc0C&q"><i>I Must be a Part of this War: A German American's Fight against Hitler and Nazism,</i></a> Fordham University Press, 2005. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8232-2528-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8232-2528-3">0-8232-2528-3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fold3.com/page/286020964_flossenbrg_germany/">Flossenburg</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210511035612/http://www.97thdivision.com/flossenberg4.html">"Robert W. Hacker, "Knocking the Lock Off the Gate at the Flossenbürg Concentration Camp; 23 April 1945," excerpted from Robert W. Hacker: Flossenbürg Concentration Camp, Phoenix 2000, unpublished manuscript. Flossenbürg memorial archive"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.97thdivision.com/flossenberg4.html">the original</a> on 11 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Robert+W.+Hacker%2C+%22Knocking+the+Lock+Off+the+Gate+at+the+Flossenb%C3%BCrg+Concentration+Camp%3B+23+April+1945%2C%22+excerpted+from+Robert+W.+Hacker%3A+Flossenb%C3%BCrg+Concentration+Camp%2C+Phoenix+2000%2C+unpublished+manuscript.+Flossenb%C3%BCrg+memorial+archive.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.97thdivision.com%2Fflossenberg4.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A97th+Infantry+Division+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Macauley R. "Who Should Mourn?" The New York Times, Letters to the Editor, 8 August 1976.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ib Melchior, <i>Case by Case: A U.S. Army Counterintelligence Agent in World War II,</i> IUniverse (14 June 2000) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-595-00393-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-595-00393-1">0-595-00393-1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070213180012/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/obituaries/article498996.ece">"Anthony Hecht: Poet who expressed the horrors of the 20th century in verse of formal rigour and cultured gravity."</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fold3.com/page/286022322_helmbrechts_concentration_camp/">Helmbrechts Concentration Camp</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140222065429/http://archives.explorebaltimorecounty.com/community/6003301/obituary-notices/">"Obituary: Oscar M. "Mel" Grimes Jr., 80, <i>Catonsville Times,</i> 14 May 2001"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archives.explorebaltimorecounty.com/community/6003301/obituary-notices/">the original</a> on 22 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Obituary%3A+Oscar+M.+%22Mel%22+Grimes+Jr.%2C+80%2C+Catonsville+Times%2C+14+May+2001.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchives.explorebaltimorecounty.com%2Fcommunity%2F6003301%2Fobituary-notices%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A97th+Infantry+Division+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/newspage/13096335/">"Bemedaled Ex-Nazi Youth Home from Europe Wars,"</a> <i>The Salt Lake Tribune,</i> 16 July 1945, p. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.militaryhistoryonline.com/wwii/articles/liberation1945.aspx">Bryan J. Dickerson, "The Liberation of Western Czechoslovakia 1945," <i>Military History Online,</i> 3 June 2006.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.90thdivisionassoc.org/afteractionreports/PDF/XIICorpsHist.pdf">George Dyer, <i>XII Corps: Spearhead of Patton's Third Army</i>, XII Corps History Association, 1947; Chapter 16, section 4.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029202910/http://www.90thdivisionassoc.org/afteractionreports/PDF/XIICorpsHist.pdf">Archived</a> 29 October 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1,463 of the 97th Steam Up Hudson: First Units of Second Combat Division Land Four Miles from Camp Shanks," <i>New York Times</i>; 24 June 1945; p. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"European Veterans Arrive: U.S. 97th Division Landing at Yokohama--43d Coming Home," <i>The New York Times</i>; 26 Sep 1945; p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hecht_Japan-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hecht_Japan_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/sewanee_review/v119/119.4.lindsay.pdf">Geoffrey Lindsay, "Anthony Hecht in Occupied Japan." <i>Sewanee Review,</i> 2011, 119 (4). pp. 641–655.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Job in Japan Irks GIs, But It Could Be Worse," <i>The Washington Post,</i> 4 November 1945; pg. B2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-inactive-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-inactive_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inactive_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inactive_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/site/97thfieldartillery/chronology-of-events/de-activation-of-the-97th">"97th Division to be inactivated on March 31," Public Relations Office Press Release, 22 March 1946</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fultonhistory.com/Newspaper%2011/North%20Tonawanda%20NY%20Evening%20News/North%20Tonawanda%20NY%20Evening%20News%201945%20%20Grayscale/North%20Tonawanda%20NY%20Evening%20News%201945%20%20Grayscale%20-%202385.pdf">Ralph Teatsworth, "Nazis Looted Czech Hospital of Radium, Stored It in Osaka," United Press International; printed in the <i>Tonawanda Evening News,</i> 26 Oct 1945, p. 1.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/12150437">"Nazi Agents in Japan Rounded Up," <i>The Argus</i> (Melbourne, Vic. : 1848-1954), Thursday 1 November 1945, page 2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Job in Japan Irks GIs, But It Could Be Worse," <i>The Washington Post,</i> 4 November 1945; p. B2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100608031008/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/div/193infbde.htm">"Headquarters 193d Infantry Brigade"</a>. <i>www.history.army.mil</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/div/193infbde.htm">the original</a> on 8 June 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.history.army.mil&rft.atitle=Headquarters+193d+Infantry+Brigade&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fforcestruc%2Flineages%2Fbranches%2Fdiv%2F193infbde.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A97th+Infantry+Division+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140728084511/http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/div/193infbde.htm">"The 193rd Infantry Brigade"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/html/forcestruc/lineages/branches/div/193infbde.htm">the original</a> on 28 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+193rd+Infantry+Brigade&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fhtml%2Fforcestruc%2Flineages%2Fbranches%2Fdiv%2F193infbde.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A97th+Infantry+Division+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181212093718/https://usacac.army.mil/cac2/cgsc/carl/download/csipubs/Brigade-AHistory.pdf">"The Brigade: A History, Its Organization and Employment in the US Army"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://usacac.army.mil/cac2/cgsc/carl/download/csipubs/Brigade-AHistory.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 12 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Brigade%3A+A+History%2C+Its+Organization+and+Employment+in+the+US+Army&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fusacac.army.mil%2Fcac2%2Fcgsc%2Fcarl%2Fdownload%2Fcsipubs%2FBrigade-AHistory.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A97th+Infantry+Division+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ronald H. Cole, <i>Operation Just Cause: The Planning and Execution of Joint Operations in Panama, February 1988-January 1990,</i> DIANE Publishing, 1996. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0788135570" title="Special:BookSources/0788135570">0788135570</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usmilitariaforum.com/forums/index.php?/topic/197-97th-infantry-division/">Ninety-Seventh Infantry Division</a>, US Militaria Forum.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHirshauer1991" class="citation book cs1">Hirshauer, V. Bruce (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.goldentornadosports.net/library/tridentheritage.pdf"><i>The Trident Heritage: A Brief History of the 97th Infantry Division and the 97th U.S. Army Reserve Command</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Fort George G. Meade, Maryland: 97th U.S. Army Reserve Command. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/37843621">37843621</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Trident+Heritage%3A+A+Brief+History+of+the+97th+Infantry+Division+and+the+97th+U.S.+Army+Reserve+Command&rft.place=Fort+George+G.+Meade%2C+Maryland&rft.pub=97th+U.S.+Army+Reserve+Command&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F37843621&rft.aulast=Hirshauer&rft.aufirst=V.+Bruce&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.goldentornadosports.net%2Flibrary%2Ftridentheritage.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A97th+Infantry+Division+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Army_Divisions_(United_States)" title="Template:Army Divisions (United States)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Army_Divisions_(United_States)" title="Template talk:Army Divisions (United States)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Army_Divisions_(United_States)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Army Divisions (United States)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Divisions_of_the_United_States_Army" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Division_(military)" title="Division (military)">Divisions</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Airborne</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/11th_Airborne_Division" title="11th Airborne Division">11th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Airborne_Division_(United_States)" title="13th Airborne Division (United States)">13th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17th_Airborne_Division_(United_States)" title="17th Airborne Division (United States)">17th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/80th_Division_(United_States)" title="80th Division (United States)">80th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/82nd_Airborne_Division" title="82nd Airborne Division">82nd</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/101st_Airborne_Division" title="101st Airborne Division">101st</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/108th_Training_Command_(Initial_Entry_Training)" title="108th Training Command (Initial Entry Training)">108th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Armored</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1st_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="1st Armored Division (United States)">1st</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="2nd Armored Division (United States)">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="3rd Armored Division (United States)">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="4th Armored Division (United States)">4th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="5th Armored Division (United States)">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="6th Armored Division (United States)">6th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="7th Armored Division (United States)">7th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="8th Armored Division (United States)">8th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="9th Armored Division (United States)">9th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="10th Armored Division (United States)">10th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="11th Armored Division (United States)">11th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="12th Armored Division (United States)">12th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="13th Armored Division (United States)">13th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="14th Armored Division (United States)">14th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="16th Armored Division (United States)">16th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="19th Armored Division (United States)">19th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="20th Armored Division (United States)">20th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22nd_Armored_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="22nd Armored Division">22nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="25th Armored Division (United States)">25th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/27th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="27th Armored Division (United States)">27th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="30th Armored Division (United States)">30th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="40th Armored Division (United States)">40th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/48th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="48th Armored Division (United States)">48th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/49th_Armored_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="49th Armored Division">49th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/50th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="50th Armored Division (United States)">50th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cavalry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1st_Cavalry_Division_(United_States)" title="1st Cavalry Division (United States)">1st</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_Cavalry_Division_(United_States)" title="2nd Cavalry Division (United States)">2nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Cavalry_Division_(United_States)" title="3rd Cavalry Division (United States)">3rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15th_Cavalry_Division_(United_States)" title="15th Cavalry Division (United States)">15th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st_Cavalry_Division_(United_States)" title="21st Cavalry Division (United States)">21st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22nd_Cavalry_Division_(United_States)" title="22nd Cavalry Division (United States)">22nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/23rd_Cavalry_Division_(United_States)" title="23rd Cavalry Division (United States)">23rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24th_Cavalry_Division_(United_States)" title="24th Cavalry Division (United States)">24th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/61st_Cavalry_Division_(United_States)" title="61st Cavalry Division (United States)">61st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/62nd_Cavalry_Division_(United_States)" title="62nd Cavalry Division (United States)">62nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/63rd_Cavalry_Division_(United_States)" title="63rd Cavalry Division (United States)">63rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/64th_Cavalry_Division_(United_States)" title="64th Cavalry Division (United States)">64th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/65th_Cavalry_Division_(United_States)" title="65th Cavalry Division (United States)">65th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/66th_Cavalry_Division_(United_States)" title="66th Cavalry Division (United States)">66th</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Infantry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1st_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="1st Infantry Division (United States)">1st</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2nd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="2nd Infantry Division (United States)">2nd</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/3rd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="3rd Infantry Division (United States)">3rd</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/4th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="4th Infantry Division (United States)">4th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="5th Infantry Division (United States)">5th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="6th Infantry Division (United States)">6th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/7th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="7th Infantry Division (United States)">7th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="8th Infantry Division (United States)">8th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/9th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="9th Infantry Division (United States)">9th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="11th Infantry Division (United States)">11th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/12th_Division_(United_States)" title="12th Division (United States)">12th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Division_(United_States)" title="13th Division (United States)">13th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="17th Infantry Division (United States)">17th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/19th_Division_(United_States)" title="19th Division (United States)">19th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americal_Division" title="Americal Division">23rd (Americal)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="24th Infantry Division (United States)">24th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/25th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="25th Infantry Division (United States)">25th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/26th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="26th Infantry Division (United States)">26th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/27th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="27th Infantry Division (United States)">27th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/28th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="28th Infantry Division (United States)">28th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/29th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="29th Infantry Division (United States)">29th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="30th Infantry Division (United States)">30th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/31st_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="31st Infantry Division (United States)">31st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/32nd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="32nd Infantry Division (United States)">32nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/33rd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="33rd Infantry Division (United States)">33rd</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/34th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="34th Infantry Division (United States)">34th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/35th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="35th Infantry Division (United States)">35th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/36th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="36th Infantry Division (United States)">36th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/37th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="37th Infantry Division (United States)">37th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/38th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="38th Infantry Division (United States)">38th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/39th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="39th Infantry Division (United States)">39th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/40th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="40th Infantry Division (United States)">40th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/41st_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="41st Infantry Division (United States)">41st</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/42nd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="42nd Infantry Division (United States)">42nd</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/43rd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="43rd Infantry Division (United States)">43rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/44th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="44th Infantry Division (United States)">44th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/45th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="45th Infantry Division (United States)">45th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/46th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="46th Infantry Division (United States)">46th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/47th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="47th Infantry Division (United States)">47th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/48th_Armored_Division_(United_States)" title="48th Armored Division (United States)">48th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/49th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="49th Infantry Division (United States)">49th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/51st_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="51st Infantry Division (United States)">51st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/63rd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="63rd Infantry Division (United States)">63rd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/65th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="65th Infantry Division (United States)">65th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/66th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="66th Infantry Division (United States)">66th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/69th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="69th Infantry Division (United States)">69th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/70th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="70th Infantry Division (United States)">70th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/71st_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="71st Infantry Division (United States)">71st</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/75th_Innovation_Command" title="75th Innovation Command">75th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/76th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="76th Infantry Division (United States)">76th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/77th_Sustainment_Brigade" title="77th Sustainment Brigade">77th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/78th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="78th Infantry Division (United States)">78th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/79th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="79th Infantry Division (United States)">79th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/80th_Division_(United_States)" title="80th Division (United States)">80th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/81st_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="81st Infantry Division (United States)">81st</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/83rd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="83rd Infantry Division (United States)">83rd</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/84th_Division_(United_States)" title="84th Division (United States)">84th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/85th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="85th Infantry Division (United States)">85th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/86th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="86th Infantry Division (United States)">86th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/87th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="87th Infantry Division (United States)">87th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/88th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="88th Infantry Division (United States)">88th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/89th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="89th Infantry Division (United States)">89th</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/90th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="90th Infantry Division (United States)">90th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/91st_Division_(United_States)" title="91st Division (United States)">91st</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/92nd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="92nd Infantry Division (United States)">92nd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/93rd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="93rd Infantry Division (United States)">93rd</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/94th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="94th Infantry Division (United States)">94th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/95th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="95th Infantry Division (United States)">95th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/96th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="96th Infantry Division (United States)">96th</a></b></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">97th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/98th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="98th Infantry Division (United States)">98th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/99th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="99th Infantry Division (United States)">99th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/100th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="100th Infantry Division (United States)">100th</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/102nd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="102nd Infantry Division (United States)">102nd</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/103rd_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="103rd Infantry Division (United States)">103rd</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/104th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="104th Infantry Division (United States)">104th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/106th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)" title="106th Infantry Division (United States)">106th</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/108th_Training_Command_(Initial_Entry_Training)" title="108th Training Command (Initial Entry Training)">108th</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawaiian_Division" title="Hawaiian Division">Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal_Division" title="Panama Canal Division">Panama Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Division_(United_States)" title="Philippine Division (United States)">Philippine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mountain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/10th_Mountain_Division_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="10th Mountain Division (United States)">10th</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a 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Army. Infantry Division, 97th"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=pna2014806040&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&oldid=1247927824">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=97th_Infantry_Division_(United_States)&oldid=1247927824</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Infantry_divisions_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Category:Infantry divisions of the United States Army">Infantry divisions of the United States Army</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Army_divisions_during_World_War_II" title="Category:United States Army divisions during World War II">United States Army divisions during World War II</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_units_and_formations_established_in_1918" title="Category:Military units and formations established in 1918">Military units and formations established in 1918</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Army_divisions_of_World_War_I" title="Category:United States Army divisions of World War I">United States Army divisions of World War I</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Infantry_divisions_of_the_United_States_Army_in_World_War_II" title="Category:Infantry divisions of the United States Army in World War II">Infantry divisions of the United States Army in World War II</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1918_establishments_in_New_Mexico" title="Category:1918 establishments in New Mexico">1918 establishments in New Mexico</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_units_and_formations_disestablished_in_1946" title="Category:Military units and formations disestablished in 1946">Military units and formations disestablished in 1946</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Source_attribution" title="Category:Source attribution">Source attribution</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_American_English_from_November_2015" title="Category:Use American English from November 2015">Use American English from November 2015</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_American_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English">All Wikipedia articles written in American English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_June_2020" title="Category:Use dmy dates from June 2020">Use dmy dates from June 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_May_2018" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from May 2018">Articles with unsourced statements from May 2018</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 26 September 2024, at 19:47<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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