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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio_broadcasting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Radio broadcasting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio_broadcasting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Satellite_broadcasting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Satellite_broadcasting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Satellite broadcasting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Satellite_broadcasting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Digital_television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Digital_television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Digital television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Digital_television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Studies_of_Broadcasting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Studies_of_Broadcasting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span><i>Studies of Broadcasting</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Studies_of_Broadcasting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Organization</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organization-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Organization subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Subsidiaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subsidiaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Subsidiaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subsidiaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Former_subsidiaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Former_subsidiaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Former subsidiaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Former_subsidiaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Services</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Services-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Services subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Radio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Radio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-License_fee" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#License_fee"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>License fee</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-License_fee-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-TV_programming" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#TV_programming"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>TV programming</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-TV_programming-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle TV programming subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-TV_programming-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-News" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#News"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>News</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-News-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emergency_reporting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emergency_reporting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Emergency reporting</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emergency_reporting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Drama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Drama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Children" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Children"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>Children</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Children-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Employee_and_internal_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Employee_and_internal_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Employee and internal issues</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Employee_and_internal_issues-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Employee and internal issues subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Employee_and_internal_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Insider_trading_ban" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Insider_trading_ban"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Insider trading ban</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Insider_trading_ban-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Overwork_death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overwork_death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Overwork death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Overwork_death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-On-air_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#On-air_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>On-air issues</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-On-air_issues-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle On-air issues subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-On-air_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Criticism_over_comments_about_Japanese_wartime_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism_over_comments_about_Japanese_wartime_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Criticism over comments about Japanese wartime history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism_over_comments_about_Japanese_wartime_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Black_Lives_Matter_video" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Black_Lives_Matter_video"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Black Lives Matter video</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Black_Lives_Matter_video-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Olympics_documentary_claims" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Olympics_documentary_claims"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Olympics documentary claims</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Olympics_documentary_claims-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-COVID-19" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#COVID-19"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>COVID-19</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-COVID-19-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Logo_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Logo_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Logo history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Logo_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Explanatory_notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Explanatory_notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Explanatory notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Explanatory_notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>General sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">NHK</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 57 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">57 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="هيئة الإذاعة اليابانية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هيئة الإذاعة اليابانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87" title="এনএইচকে – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এনএইচকে" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji%CC%8Dt-p%C3%BAn_H%C3%B2ng-s%C3%A0ng_Hia%CC%8Dp-h%C5%8De" title="Ji̍t-pún Hòng-sàng Hia̍p-hōe – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ji̍t-pún Hòng-sàng Hia̍p-hōe" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nippon_H%C5%8Ds%C5%8D_Ky%C5%8Dkai" title="Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%DA%86%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="ان‌اچ‌کی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ان‌اچ‌کی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B3%B8%EB%B0%A9%EC%86%A1%ED%98%91%ED%9A%8C" title="일본방송협회 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="일본방송협회" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87" title="एनएचके – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एनएचके" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%84" title="ເອັນເອຊເຄ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເອັນເອຊເຄ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%95%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AF%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%B6%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BD%E1%80%BE%E1%80%84%E1%80%B7%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%80%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ဂျပန် ရုပ်သံလွှင့် ကော်ပိုရေးရှင်း – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂျပန် ရုပ်သံလွှင့် ကော်ပိုရေးရှင်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nippon_Hoso_Kyokai" title="Nippon Hoso Kyokai – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nippon Hoso Kyokai" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%94%BE%E9%80%81%E5%8D%94%E4%BC%9A" title="日本放送協会 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="日本放送協会" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK_(kringkaster)" title="NHK (kringkaster) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="NHK (kringkaster)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%91%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%91%E0%B6%A0%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%9A" title="එන්එච්කේ – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="එන්එච්කේ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8E%D9%86_%D8%A6%DB%8E%DA%86_%DA%A9%DB%95%DB%8C" title="ئێن ئێچ کەی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئێن ئێچ کەی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84" title="เอ็นเอชเค – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เอ็นเอชเค" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/NHK" title="NHK – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="NHK" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%94%BE%E9%80%81%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83" title="日本放送協會 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="日本放送協會" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E5%8D%8F%E4%BC%9A" title="日本广播协会 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="日本广播协会" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%94%BE%E9%80%81%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83" title="日本放送協會 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="日本放送協會" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%B9%BF%E6%92%AD%E5%8D%8F%E4%BC%9A" title="日本广播协会 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="日本广播协会" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div 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searchaux" style="display:none">Japanese broadcasting company</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Japanese broadcaster. 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A model attribution edit summary is <code>Content in this edit is translated from the existing Japanese Wikipedia article at [[:ja:日本放送協会]]; see its history for attribution.</code></li> <li>You may also add the template <code>{{Translated|ja|日本放送協会}}</code> to the <a href="/wiki/Talk:NHK" title="Talk:NHK">talk page</a>.</li> <li>For more guidance, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation" title="Wikipedia:Translation">Wikipedia:Translation</a>.</li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Japan Broadcasting Corporation</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NHK_logo_2020.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/NHK_logo_2020.svg/200px-NHK_logo_2020.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/NHK_logo_2020.svg/300px-NHK_logo_2020.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/NHK_logo_2020.svg/400px-NHK_logo_2020.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1230" data-file-height="354" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:NHK_Broadcasting_Center_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/NHK_Broadcasting_Center_2016.jpg/220px-NHK_Broadcasting_Center_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/NHK_Broadcasting_Center_2016.jpg/330px-NHK_Broadcasting_Center_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/NHK_Broadcasting_Center_2016.jpg/440px-NHK_Broadcasting_Center_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1686" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/NHK_Broadcasting_Center" title="NHK Broadcasting Center">NHK Broadcasting Center</a> (headquarters)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Trade_name" title="Trade name">Trade name</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">NHK</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Native name</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">日本放送協会</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Romanization" title="Romanization">Romanized</a> name</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formerly</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Tokyo/Osaka/Nagoya Broadcasting Station (1925–1926)<br />Broadcasting Corporation of Japan (English name 1926–1950)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Statutory_corporation" title="Statutory corporation">Statutory corporation</a> chartered under the Broadcasting Act of 1950</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_television" title="Terrestrial television">Broadcast</a> <a href="/wiki/Radio" title="Radio">radio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Television" title="Television">television</a> and <a href="/wiki/Website" title="Website">online</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data">Tokyo Broadcasting Station</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">August 6, 1926<span class="noprint">; 98 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1926-08-06</span>)</span> (original incarnation)<br /> June 1, 1950<span class="noprint">; 74 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1950-06-01</span>)</span> (current incarnation)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/NHK_Broadcasting_Center" title="NHK Broadcasting Center">NHK Broadcasting Center</a>, <div class="ib-company-locality locality"><a href="/wiki/Shibuya" title="Shibuya">Shibuya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a></div>, <div class="ib-company-country country-name">Japan</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Key people</div></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Nobuo Inaba (president)</li><li>Tatsuhiko Inoue (executive vice president)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Japan" title="Government of Japan">Government of Japan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">10,333 (2019) <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212128?uselang=en#P1128" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Subsidiary" title="Subsidiary">Subsidiaries</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>NHK Media Holdings</li> <li>Japan International Broadcasting</li> <li>NHK Publishing</li> <li>NHK Technologies</li> <li>NHK Culture Center</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhk.or.jp">nhk.or.jp</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><b>Footnotes / references</b><br /><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Japan Broadcasting Corporation</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>: <span lang="ja">日本放送協会</span>, <a href="/wiki/Hepburn_romanization" title="Hepburn romanization">Hepburn</a>: <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Nippon Hōsō Kyōkai</i></span><span style="margin-left:.09em">)</span></span>, also known by its <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Japanese" title="Romanization of Japanese">romanized</a> initialism <b>NHK</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a Japanese <a href="/wiki/Public_broadcasting" title="Public broadcasting">public broadcaster</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-s67_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s67-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a <a href="/wiki/Statutory_corporation" title="Statutory corporation">statutory corporation</a> funded by viewers' payments of a <a href="/wiki/Television_licence" title="Television licence">television license fee</a>. </p><p>NHK operates two <a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_television" title="Terrestrial television">terrestrial television</a> channels (<a href="/wiki/NHK_General_TV" title="NHK General TV">NHK General TV</a> and <a href="/wiki/NHK_Educational_TV" title="NHK Educational TV">NHK Educational TV</a>), three <a href="/wiki/Satellite_television" title="Satellite television">satellite television</a> channels (NHK BS; as well as two <a href="/wiki/Ultra-high-definition_television" title="Ultra-high-definition television">ultra-high-definition television</a> channels, NHK BS Premium 4K and <a href="/wiki/NHK_BS8K" title="NHK BS8K">NHK BS8K</a>), and three radio networks (<a href="/wiki/NHK_Radio_1" title="NHK Radio 1">NHK Radio 1</a>, <a href="/wiki/NHK_Radio_2" title="NHK Radio 2">NHK Radio 2</a>, and <a href="/wiki/NHK_FM_Broadcast" title="NHK FM Broadcast">NHK FM</a>). </p><p>NHK also provides an international broadcasting service, known as <a href="/wiki/NHK_World-Japan" title="NHK World-Japan">NHK World-Japan</a>. NHK World-Japan is composed of <a href="/wiki/NHK_World_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="NHK World TV">NHK World TV</a>, <a href="/wiki/NHK_World_Premium" title="NHK World Premium">NHK World Premium</a>, and the shortwave radio service <a href="/wiki/NHK_World#Radio_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="NHK World">Radio Japan</a> (RJ). World Radio Japan also makes some of its programs available on the Internet. </p><p>NHK was the first broadcaster in the world to broadcast in high-definition (using <a href="/wiki/Multiple_sub-Nyquist_sampling_encoding" title="Multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding">multiple sub-Nyquist sampling encoding</a>, also known as Hi-Vision) and in <a href="/wiki/8K_resolution" title="8K resolution">8K</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In regards to NHK's relationship with Johnny & Associates, they have stated that NHK acknowledges that sexual abuse allegations related to Johnny & Associates had repeatedly been reported for many years, but NHK also stated that they lacked awareness of the issue at that time and chose not to follow up or cover the issue entirely. In addition, they stated that they failed in their role as a news media organization, and simply sat idle as many minors became sexual abuse victims. On 8 September, 2023, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">NHK</a>, said in a statement that they took the matter seriously, and that they would "work harder to ensure that human rights are more respected in the broadcasting industry" when it comes to using performers who best fit program content and production. The public broadcaster added that it did not fully acknowledge the sexual abuse matter despite various weekly magazine articles about the allegations and a <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_High_Court" title="Tokyo High Court">Tokyo High Court</a> ruling in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A few weeks later, NHK announced that it would suspend new contracts with Johnny's performers–including for their annual <a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cmisoka" title="Ōmisoka">New Year's Eve</a> <a href="/wiki/Television_special" title="Television special">television special</a> <i><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dhaku_Uta_Gassen" title="Kōhaku Uta Gassen">Kōhaku Uta Gassen</a></i>–until the company has implemented compensation and recurrence prevention measures.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2024, the company announced a strict policy of terminating the appearance of talents formerly affiliated with Johnny & Associates on its programs and not allowing them to appear on new programs after FY2024.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2024, NHK Chairman Nobuo Inaba announced at a regular press conference that, he had confirmed efforts of <a href="/wiki/Smile-Up" class="mw-redirect" title="Smile-Up">Smile-Up</a> to compensate victims and prevent recurrence and the separation of management from <a href="/wiki/Starto_Entertainment" title="Starto Entertainment">Starto Entertainment</a> is steadily progressing, and that requests to perform–including Kōhaku Uta Gassen for current Starto celebrities would resume. Commercial broadcasters had already announced on the resumption of new appointments to celebrities belonging to Starto.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NHK's earliest forerunner was the Tokyo Broadcasting Station<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">東京放送局</span></span>)</span>, founded in 1924 under the leadership of Count <a href="/wiki/Got%C5%8D_Shinpei" title="Gotō Shinpei">Gotō Shinpei</a>. Tokyo Broadcasting Station, along with separate organizations in <a href="/wiki/Osaka" title="Osaka">Osaka</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nagoya" title="Nagoya">Nagoya</a>, began radio broadcasts in 1925. The three stations merged under the first incarnation of NHK in August 1926.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NHK was modelled on the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-s67_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s67-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the merger and reorganisation was carried out under the auspices of the pre-war <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Communications_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Communications (Japan)">Ministry of Communications</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NHK's second radio network began in 1931, and the third radio network (FM) began in 1937. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio_broadcasting">Radio broadcasting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Radio broadcasting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NHK began <a href="/wiki/Shortwave_radio" title="Shortwave radio">shortwave</a> broadcasting on an experimental basis in the 1930s, and began regular English- and Japanese-language shortwave broadcasts in 1935 under the name <b><a href="/wiki/NHK_World-Japan#Radio_Japan" title="NHK World-Japan">Radio Japan</a></b>, initially aimed at ethnic Japanese listeners in <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> and the west coast of <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>. By the late 1930s, NHK's overseas broadcasts were known as <b>Radio Tokyo</b>, which became an official name in 1941.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In November 1941, the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army" title="Imperial Japanese Army">Imperial Japanese Army</a> nationalised all public news agencies and coordinated their efforts via the Information Liaison Confidential Committee.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> All published and broadcast news reports became official announcements of the Imperial Army General Headquarters in Tokyo for the duration of <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. The famous <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Rose" title="Tokyo Rose">Tokyo Rose</a> wartime programs were broadcast by NHK.<sup id="cite_ref-s67_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s67-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NHK also recorded and broadcast the <i><a href="/wiki/Hirohito_surrender_broadcast" title="Hirohito surrender broadcast">Gyokuon-hōsō</a></i>, the surrender speech made by Emperor <a href="/wiki/Hirohito" title="Hirohito">Hirohito</a>, in August 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the war, in September 1945, the Allied occupation administration under General <a href="/wiki/Douglas_MacArthur" title="Douglas MacArthur">Douglas MacArthur</a> banned all international broadcasting by NHK, and repurposed several NHK facilities and frequencies for use by the <a href="/wiki/Far_East_Network" title="Far East Network">Far East Network</a> (now <a href="/wiki/American_Forces_Network" title="American Forces Network">American Forces Network</a>). Japanese-American radio broadcaster <a href="/wiki/Frank_Shozo_Baba" title="Frank Shozo Baba">Frank Shozo Baba</a> joined NHK during this time and led an early post-war revamp of its programming. Radio Japan resumed overseas broadcasts in 1952.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>A new <a href="/w/index.php?title=Broadcasting_Act_(Japan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Broadcasting Act (Japan) (page does not exist)">Broadcasting Act</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E9%80%81%E6%B3%95" class="extiw" title="ja:放送法">ja</a>]</span> was enacted in 1950, which made NHK a listener-supported independent corporation and simultaneously opened the market for <a href="/wiki/Commercial_broadcasting" title="Commercial broadcasting">commercial broadcasting</a> in Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NHK started <a href="/wiki/Television" title="Television">television</a> broadcasting in 1953, followed by its educational TV channel in 1959 and color television broadcasts in 1960. </p><p>NHK opened the first stage of <a href="/wiki/NHK_Broadcasting_Center" title="NHK Broadcasting Center">its current headquarters</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Japan's capital city</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Special_wards_of_Tokyo" title="Special wards of Tokyo">special ward</a> <a href="/wiki/Shibuya" title="Shibuya">Shibuya</a> as an international broadcasting center for the <a href="/wiki/1964_Summer_Olympics" title="1964 Summer Olympics">1964 Summer Olympics</a>, the first widely televised Olympic Games. The complex was gradually expanded through 1973 when it became the headquarters for NHK. The previous headquarters adjacent to <a href="/wiki/Hibiya_Park" title="Hibiya Park">Hibiya Park</a> was redeveloped as the Hibiya City high-rise complex. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Satellite_broadcasting">Satellite broadcasting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Satellite broadcasting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NHK began experimental satellite broadcasting with the NHK BS 1 channel in 1984, followed by NHK BS 2 in 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both channels began regular broadcasts in 1989. In April 2011, BS 1 was rebranded while BS 2 channel ceased broadcasting and was replaced by "BS Premium" which broadcasts on the channel formerly used by BShi. </p><p>International satellite broadcasts to North America and Europe began in 1995, which led to the launch of <a href="/wiki/NHK_World" class="mw-redirect" title="NHK World">NHK World</a> in 1998. It became <a href="/wiki/Free-to-air" title="Free-to-air">free-to-air</a> over the <a href="/wiki/Astra_19.2%C2%B0E" title="Astra 19.2°E">Astra 19.2°E</a> (<a href="/wiki/Astra_1L" title="Astra 1L">Astra 1L</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Eurobird" title="Eurobird">Eurobird</a> satellites in Europe in 2008. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Digital_television">Digital television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Digital television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Digital_television_transition_in_Japan" title="Digital television transition in Japan">Digital television transition in Japan</a></div> <p>NHK began <a href="/wiki/Digital_television" title="Digital television">digital television</a> broadcasting in December 2000 through BS Digital, followed by terrestrial digital TV broadcasts in three major metropolitan areas in 2003. NHK's digital television coverage gradually expanded to cover almost all of Japan by 24 July 2011, when analog transmissions were discontinued & ended (except in three prefectures that were heavily affected by the <a href="/wiki/2011_T%C5%8Dhoku_earthquake_and_tsunami" title="2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami">2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami</a> – <a href="/wiki/Iwate_Prefecture" title="Iwate Prefecture">Iwate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miyagi_Prefecture" title="Miyagi Prefecture">Miyagi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fukushima_Prefecture" title="Fukushima Prefecture">Fukushima</a> – where it was discontinued on 31 March 2012). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Studies_of_Broadcasting"><i>Studies of Broadcasting</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Studies of Broadcasting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="infobox-journal-search" style="display:none;"></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox hproduct"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%;"><i><span class="fn">Studies of Broadcasting</span></i><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.jtitle=Studies+of+Broadcasting&rft.stitle=Stud.+Broadcast.&rft.issn=0585-7325&rft_id=info:oclcnum/474034025"></span></caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_academic_disciplines" title="Outline of academic disciplines">Discipline</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;">Broadcasting science</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;">English</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;">Publication details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">History</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;">1963–1999</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;">Standard abbreviations<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=Studies_of_Broadcasting">ISO 4</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/">alt</a>) <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Academic_Journals/Bluebook_journals" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Academic Journals/Bluebook journals">Bluebook</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/">alt</a>)<br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=0585-7325%5BISSN%5D">NLM</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=Studies+of+Broadcasting%5BJournal%5D">alt</a>) <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf">MathSciNet</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=0585-7325&Submit=Search">alt</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Paid subscription required"><img alt="Paid subscription required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/14px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/18px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="597" data-file-height="947" /></span></span>)</span></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_4" title="ISO 4">ISO 4</a></th><td class="infobox-data identifier" style="text-align:left;"><i>Stud. Broadcast.</i></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;">Indexing<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=0585-7325">CODEN</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=issns&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=">alt</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cassi.cas.org/searching.jsp?searchIn=titles&c=WIy460-R_DY&searchFor=NHK">alt2</a>) <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/journals/05857325">JSTOR</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/showJournals?browseType=title">alt</a>) <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=0585-7325&argType1=all&searchCode1=KNUM&searchType=2">LCCN</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.loc.gov/vwebv/search?searchArg1=Studies+of+Broadcasting&argType1=all&searchCode1=KTIL&searchType=2">alt</a>)<br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://miar.ub.edu/issn/0585-7325">MIAR</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=0585-7325%5BISSN%5D">NLM</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=Studies+of+Broadcasting%5BJournal%5D">alt</a>) <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scopus.com/sources?sortField=citescore&sortDirection=desc&isHiddenField=false&field=issn&issn=0585-7325">Scopus</a></span></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="type"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;"><span class="value"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0585-7325">0585-7325</a></span><br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="type"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> no.</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/474034025">474034025</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>From 1963 to 1999, NHK published the journal <i>Studies of broadcasting: an international annual of broadcasting science</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NHK is a dependent corporation chartered by the Japanese <a href="/w/index.php?title=Broadcasting_Act_(Japan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Broadcasting Act (Japan) (page does not exist)">Broadcasting Act</a> and primarily funded by license fees. NHK World broadcasting (for overseas viewers/listeners) is funded by the Japanese government.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="There are no clear official budget statement that says they are getting money from the government for NHK World (March 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The annual budget of NHK is subject to review and approval by the <a href="/wiki/National_Diet" title="National Diet">Diet of Japan</a>. The Diet also appoints the twelve-member board of governors (経営委員会 <i>keiei iinkai</i>) that oversees NHK. </p><p>NHK is managed on a full-time basis by an executive board<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">理事会</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">rijikai</i></span><span style="margin-left:.09em">)</span></span> consisting of a president, executive vice president and seven to ten managing directors who oversee the areas of NHK operations. The executive board reports to the board of governors. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subsidiaries">Subsidiaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Subsidiaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>NHK Enterprises, Inc. (NHKエンタープライズ, abbreviated NEP): Established on 1 April 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>NHK Educational Corporation (株式会社 NHKエデュケーショナル): Established on 30 May 1989.</li> <li>NHK ART, Inc. (株式会社NHKアート): Established on 10 July 1961.</li> <li>NHK Publishing, Inc. (NHK出版): Established on 1 April 1931.</li> <li>Japan International Broadcasting Inc. (株式会社日本国際放送)/JIB: Established on 4 April 2008.</li> <li>NHK International, Inc. (一般財団法人NHKインターナショナル): Established on 1 July 1980.</li> <li>NHK Global Media Services, Inc. (株式会社NHKグローバルメディアサービス): Established on 1 April 2009, by merging <a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Joho_Network,_Inc.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Joho Network, Inc. (page does not exist)">NHK Joho Network, Inc.</a> ((株)NHK情報ネットワーク) (established on 1 January 1989) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan_Teletex_Co._Ltd.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan Teletex Co. Ltd. (page does not exist)">Japan Teletex Co. Ltd.</a> (日本文字放送) (established in 1985).<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>NHK Cosmomedia America, Inc.: Created by merging <a href="/w/index.php?title=Japan_Network_Group&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Japan Network Group (page does not exist)">Japan Network Group</a> (Media International Corporation) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Enterprises_America,_Inc.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Enterprises America, Inc. (page does not exist)">NHK Enterprises America, Inc.</a> on 1 April 2010,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but its licence was granted on 12 November 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company's logo was filed on 23 March 2010 and registered on 13 December 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>NHK Cosmomedia (Europe) Limited: Created by merging <a href="/wiki/JSTV" title="JSTV">JSTV</a> (company founded on 8 November 1989)<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and NHK Enterprises Europe in April 2010.</li> <li>NHK Technologies, Inc. (株式会社NHKテクノロジーズ): Established on 1 April 2019, by merging NHK Integrated Technology Inc. (株式会社NHKアイテック) and NHK Media Technology, Inc. (株式会社NHKメディアテクノロジー).<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Broadcasting Satellite System Corporation (株式会社放送衛星システム)/B-SAT: Established on 13 April 1993.</li> <li>NHK Engineering System, Inc. (一般財団法人NHKエンジニアリングシステム): Established on 22 December 1981.</li> <li>NHK GAKUEN (学校法人 NHK学園): Established in 1962-10-01 (学校法人日本放送協会学園). It was renamed to its current name on 1 April 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Symphony_Orchestra" title="NHK Symphony Orchestra">NHK Symphony Orchestra</a>, Tokyo (公益財団法人 NHK交響楽団): Established on 27 April 1942, as Japan Symphony Orchestra (財団法人日本交響楽団). On 1 August 1951, it was renamed to NHK Symphony Orchestra (財団法人NHK交響楽団). It became a public interest-incorporated foundation and was renamed to its current name on 1 April 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>NHK Public Welfare Organization/NHK HEARTS (社会福祉法人NHK厚生文化事業団): Established on 31 August 1960.</li> <li>NHK Promotions Inc. (株式会社NHKプロモーション)/(株式会社エヌエイチケイプロモーション): Established on 1 October 1977, as NHK Promote Service Inc. (株式会社NHKプロモートサービス). It was renamed to its current name in October 1989.</li> <li>NHK CULTURE CENTER (株式会社エヌエイチケイ文化センター)/(NHKカルチャー): Established on 1 December 1978.</li> <li>NHK SERVICE CENTER, INC. (一般財団法人 NHK サービスセンター): Established on 28 February 1951.</li> <li>NHK BUSINESS SERVICES INC. (NHK営業サービス株式会社): Established on 17 January 1990.</li> <li>BS Conditional Access Systems Co., Ltd. (株式会社ビーエス・コンディショナルアクセスシステムズ)/<a href="/wiki/B-CAS" title="B-CAS">B-CAS</a> (ビーキャス): Established on 22 February 2000.</li> <li>NHK Business Create Inc. (株式会社 NHKビジネスクリエイト): Established on 1 April 2009, by merger (株式会社NHKオフィス企画), (株式会社NHK共同サービス).<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>NHK-Communications Training Institute (一般財団法人NHK放送研修センター): Established on 8 August 1985.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Former_subsidiaries">Former subsidiaries</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Former subsidiaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>NHK Integrated Technology Inc. (株式会社NHKアイテック): Established on 23 July 1969, as NHK Integrated Technology Inc. (全日本テレビサービス株式会社). It was merged into NHK Technologies, Inc. on 1 April 2019.</li> <li>NHK Media Technology, Inc. (株式会社NHKメディアテクノロジー): Established in April 2008 by merging NHK Technical Service (株式会社NHKテクニカルサービス) (established 9 October 1984) and NHK Computer Service (株式会社NHKコンピューターサービス). It was merged into NHK Technologies, Inc. on 1 April 2019.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Services">Services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio">Radio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It maintains three radio stations available nationwide: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Radio_1" title="NHK Radio 1">NHK Radio 1</a> – Organized mainly on news, information, drama, and entertainment programs. Simultaneous broadcasting with <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a> and <a href="/wiki/LRA_Radio_Nacional" title="LRA Radio Nacional">LRA Radio Nacional</a> is also conducted (24-hour broadcast).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Radio_2" title="NHK Radio 2">NHK Radio 2</a> – Organized mainly on educational and liberal arts programs. Weather forecasts, stock market conditions, news in foreign languages, etc. are also broadcast (broadcast from 6:00 a.m. to late at night. Broadcast end times vary by day).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_FM_Broadcast" title="NHK FM Broadcast">NHK-FM Broadcasting</a> – Organizes various music programs, but mainly classical music. Simultaneous broadcasting with Radio 1 is also conducted (24-hour broadcasting).</li></ul> <p>All of them can also be tuned through the Internet, within the national territory. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It manages two open signal channels through digital terrestrial television. Since Japan has a television network system, it schedules territorial disconnections in each of its centers. However, the NHK brand is common for the whole country. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHK_General_TV" title="NHK General TV">NHK General TV</a> (NHK-G) – Pioneer of television in Japan, it began its broadcasts on 1 February 1953. Its offer is general and public service.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Educational_TV" title="NHK Educational TV">NHK Educational TV</a> (NHK-E) – Educational and cultural channel, designed especially for children. It has been broadcasting since 10 January 1959.</li></ul> <p>All of them can also be tuned through the Internet, within the national territory. It also has one exclusive satellite channel, as well as two in ultra-high definition. </p> <ul><li>NHK BS (previously as NHK BS 1 and NHK BS Premium) – Specialized in information, international documentaries, sports broadcasts, cultural and entertainment programming. It was founded on 12 May 1984. Renamed as NHK BS on 1 December 2023.</li> <li>NHK BS Premium 4K (previously as NHK BS Premium and NHK BS4K) – Cultural and entertainment programming in 4K. It was founded on 1 April 2011 and relaunched on 1 December 2023 (merger with NHK BS4K).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_BS8K" title="NHK BS8K">NHK BS8K</a> – 8K programming, launched on 1 December 2018.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="License_fee">License fee</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: License fee"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NHK is funded by reception fees<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">受信料</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">jushinryō</i></span>)</span>, a system analogous to the <a href="/wiki/Television_licence" title="Television licence">license fee</a> used in some English-speaking countries. The Broadcasting Act which governs NHK's funding stipulates anyone with equipment able to receive NHK must pay. The fee is standardized,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with discounts for office workers and students who commute, as well a discount for residents of <a href="/wiki/Okinawa_prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Okinawa prefecture">Okinawa prefecture</a>. For viewers making annual payments by credit card with no special discounts, the reception fee is 13,600 yen per year for terrestrial reception only, and 24,090 yen per year for both terrestrial and broadcast satellite reception.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Broadcasting_Act_(Japan)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Broadcasting Act (Japan) (page does not exist)">Broadcasting Act</a> specifies no punitive actions for nonpayment; as a result, after a rash of NHK-related <a href="/wiki/Scandal" title="Scandal">scandals</a> including an <a href="/wiki/Accounting_scandals" title="Accounting scandals">accounting one</a>, the number of people who had not paid the license fee surpassed one million watchers. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> This incident sparked debate over the fairness of the fee system.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006, the NHK opted to take <a href="/wiki/Legal_action" class="mw-redirect" title="Legal action">legal action</a> against those most flagrantly in violation of the law.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This fee and how it is charged is unpopular with some citizens. This led to the formation of the <a href="/wiki/NHK_Party" title="NHK Party">NHK Party</a><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">NHK党</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">NHK tō</i></span>)</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> also known as N-Koku<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">N国</span></span>)</span>,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/Single-issue_political_party" class="mw-redirect" title="Single-issue political party">single-issue political party</a>, which has protested this fee with representatives in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Councillors_(Japan)" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Councillors (Japan)">upper house</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="TV_programming">TV programming</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: TV programming"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_anime_broadcast_by_NHK" title="List of anime broadcast by NHK">List of anime broadcast by NHK</a></div> <p>NHK broadcasts a variety of programming. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="News">News</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: News"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NHK offers local, national, and world news reports. <i><a href="/wiki/NHK_News_7" title="NHK News 7">NHK News 7</a></i> airs daily and is broadcast bilingually with both Japanese and English audio tracks on NHK General TV and NHK's international channels TV Japan and <a href="/wiki/NHK_World_Premium" title="NHK World Premium">NHK World Premium</a>. The flagship news program <i><a href="/wiki/News_Watch_9" title="News Watch 9">News Watch 9</a></i> is also bilingual and airs on NHK General TV and the international channels and NHK World Premium. <i>World News</i>, a program which airs bulletins from international broadcasters interpreted in Japanese, is aired on NHK BS1 with <i>Catch! Sekai no Top News</i> in the morning and <i>International News Report</i> at night, with the latter also airing on NHK World Premium. News on NHK BS1 is aired at 50 minutes past the hour except during live sports events. </p><p>NHK also offers news for the deaf (which airs on NHK Educational TV), regional news (which airs on NHK General TV) and children's news. <i><a href="/wiki/NHK_Newsline" title="NHK Newsline">Newsline</a></i> is an English-language newscast designed for foreign viewers and airs on <a href="/wiki/NHK_World-Japan" title="NHK World-Japan">NHK World</a>. </p><p>In his book <i>Broadcasting Politics in Japan: NHK and Television News</i>, Ellis S. Krauss states: 'In the 1960s and 1970s, external critics of NHK news were complaining about the strict neutrality, the lack of criticism of the government, and the 'self-regulation in covering events'. Krauss claims that little had changed by the 1980s and 1990s.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/Fukushima_nuclear_disaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Fukushima nuclear disaster">Fukushima nuclear disaster</a> in 2011, NHK was criticised for underplaying the dangers from <a href="/wiki/Radioactive_contamination" title="Radioactive contamination">radioactive contamination</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (September 2023)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Emergency_reporting">Emergency reporting</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Emergency reporting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the Broadcasting Act, NHK is under the obligation to broadcast early warning emergency reporting in times of natural disasters such as earthquakes and <a href="/wiki/Tsunami" title="Tsunami">tsunamis</a>. Their national network of seismometers in cooperation with the <a href="/wiki/Japan_Meteorological_Agency" title="Japan Meteorological Agency">Japan Meteorological Agency</a> makes NHK capable of delivering <a href="/wiki/Earthquake_Early_Warning_(Japan)" title="Earthquake Early Warning (Japan)">earthquake early warnings</a> seconds after detection, as well as a more detailed report with <a href="/wiki/Japan_Meteorological_Agency_seismic_intensity_scale" title="Japan Meteorological Agency seismic intensity scale">Shindo</a> intensity measurements within two-to-three minutes after the quake. They also broadcast air attack warnings in the event of war, using the <a href="/wiki/J-Alert" title="J-Alert">J-Alert</a> system.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All warnings are broadcast in Japanese, with tsunami warnings also delivered in four foreign languages: English, Mandarin Chinese, Korean and Portuguese (Japan has small <a href="/wiki/Chinese_people_in_Japan" title="Chinese people in Japan">Chinese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Koreans_in_Japan" title="Koreans in Japan">Korean</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brazilians_in_Japan" title="Brazilians in Japan">Brazilian</a> populations). The warnings were broadcast in these languages during the <a href="/wiki/2011_T%C5%8Dhoku_earthquake_and_tsunami" title="2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami">2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NHK broadcasts <a href="/wiki/Sumo" title="Sumo">sumo wrestling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">baseball</a> games, <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Games" title="Olympic Games">Olympic Games</a>, <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">soccer</a> games, and a range of other sports. Their broadcast of the last two days of October 1952's autumn <a href="/wiki/Honbasho" title="Honbasho">sumo tournament</a> became the first ever televised sports broadcast in Japan.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/NHK_Symphony_Orchestra" title="NHK Symphony Orchestra">NHK Symphony Orchestra</a>, financially sponsored by NHK, was formerly (until 1951) the Japanese Symphony Orchestra. Its website details the orchestra's history and ongoing concert programme.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 1953, NHK has broadcast the <i><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dhaku_Uta_Gassen" title="Kōhaku Uta Gassen">Kōhaku Uta Gassen</a></i> song contest on New Year's Eve, ending shortly before midnight in <a href="/wiki/PIX_System" title="PIX System">PIX System</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Drama">Drama</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Drama"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Asadora" title="Asadora">sentimental morning show</a>, a weekly <a href="/wiki/Jidaigeki" title="Jidaigeki">jidaigeki</a> and a year-long show, the <i><a href="/wiki/Taiga_drama" title="Taiga drama">Taiga drama</a></i>, spearhead the network's fiction offerings. </p><p>NHK is also making efforts at broadcasting dramas made in foreign countries as <i>overseas drama</i><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">海外ドラマ</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn"><i>Kaigai Dorama</i></i></span>)</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Children">Children</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Children"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The longest running children's show in Japan, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Okaasan_to_Issho" title="Okaasan to Issho">Okaasan to Issho</a></i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">おかあさんといっしょ</span></span>, <i>With Mother</i>)</span>, started broadcasting in 1959<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and still airs to this day Monday to Friday at 17:36–18:00 <a href="/wiki/Japan_Standard_Time" title="Japan Standard Time">JST</a>, Sunday at 17:30–17:54 JST, with rebroadcasts Tuesday to Sunday at 5:00–5:24 JST on NHK World Premium.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Employee_and_internal_issues">Employee and internal issues</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Employee and internal issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Insider_trading_ban">Insider trading ban</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Insider trading ban"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2007, three employees of NHK were fined and fired for <a href="/wiki/Insider_trading" title="Insider trading">insider trading</a>. They had profited by trading shares based on exclusive NHK knowledge.<sup id="cite_ref-JapanCorp_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JapanCorp-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 11 July 2008, NHK introduced a ban prohibiting stock trading by employees, numbering around 5,700, who had access to its internal news information management system. The employees were required to pledge in writing that they would not trade in stocks, and were required to gain approval from senior staff to sell shares they already held. NHK banned short-term stock trading completed in periods of six months or less for all other employees.<sup id="cite_ref-JapanTimes_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JapanTimes-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ban did not extend to employees' families, nor did NHK request any reports on their transactions.<sup id="cite_ref-JapanCorp_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JapanCorp-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Overwork_death">Overwork death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Overwork death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 24 July 2013, a reporter at NHK Metropolitan Broadcasting Center died of <a href="/wiki/Congestive_heart_failure" class="mw-redirect" title="Congestive heart failure">congestive heart failure</a>. In May 2014, the Shibuya Labor Standards Inspection Office of the Tokyo Labor Bureau certified it as a <i><a href="/wiki/Kar%C5%8Dshi" class="mw-redirect" title="Karōshi">karōshi</a></i> (overwork death). Although NHK did not report on this matter, it was announced in October 2017. Ryōichi Ueda, the chairman of NHK, visited the reporter's parents' home and apologized to them.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="On-air_issues">On-air issues</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: On-air issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Criticism_over_comments_about_Japanese_wartime_history">Criticism over comments about Japanese wartime history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Criticism over comments about Japanese wartime history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>NHK has occasionally faced various criticisms for its treatment of Japan's wartime history.<sup id="cite_ref-JPRI_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JPRI-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Katsuto_Momii" title="Katsuto Momii">Katsuto Momii</a><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">籾井勝人</span></span>)</span>, the 21st Director-General of NHK, caused controversy<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by discussing Japan's actions in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> at his first press conference after being appointed on 20 December 2013. It was reported that Momii said NHK should support the Japanese government in its territorial dispute with China and South Korea.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also caused controversy by what some describe as the playing down of the <a href="/wiki/Comfort_women" title="Comfort women">comfort women</a> issue in World War II, according to the <i>Taipei Times</i>, stating, "[South] Korea's statements that Japan is the only nation that forced this are puzzling. 'Give us money, compensate us', they say, but since all of this was resolved by the Japan–Korea peace treaty, why are they reviving this issue? It's strange."<sup id="cite_ref-Taipei_Times_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Taipei_Times-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was subsequently reported by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Japan_Times" title="The Japan Times">The Japan Times</a></i> that on his first day at NHK Momii asked members of the executive team to hand in their resignation on the grounds they had all been appointed by his predecessor.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A number of civil society groups protested against Momii's continued tenure as Director-General of NHK.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 27 January 2014,<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Viewers' Community to Observe and Encourage NHK<span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">NHKを監視・激励する視聴者コミュニティ</span></span>)</span> issued a public letter calling for Momii's resignation on the grounds that the remarks he made at his inaugural press conference were explosive. The letter stated that if Momii did not resign by the end of April, its members would freeze their licence fee payments for half a year.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Momii did not resign, he was not reappointed and retired after serving only one term of three years.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 17 October 2014, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i> claimed to have received internal NHK documents which banned any reference to the <a href="/wiki/Nanjing_Massacre" title="Nanjing Massacre">Nanjing Massacre</a>, to Japan's use of wartime sex slaves during World War II, and to its territorial dispute with China in its English-language broadcasting.<sup id="cite_ref-TimesUK_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TimesUK-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Black_Lives_Matter_video">Black Lives Matter video</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Black Lives Matter video"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 10 June 2020, NHK apologized and took down an 80-second video about the <a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter movement</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Floyd_protests" title="George Floyd protests">George Floyd protests</a> that was criticized for its "crude" animation of protesters and its focus on economic inequality rather than police brutality.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An official statement signed by Yuichi Tabata, head of NHK's International News Division, was released through NHK's official website.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Olympics_documentary_claims">Olympics documentary claims</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Olympics documentary claims"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 9 January 2022, NHK issued an apology over false allegations made in Director <a href="/wiki/Naomi_Kawase" title="Naomi Kawase">Naomi Kawase</a>'s Tokyo Olympics documentary. Kawase was selected by the <a href="/wiki/IOC" class="mw-redirect" title="IOC">IOC</a> in 2018 to cover Japanese reactions to the event and later during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a>. Footage and captions in the documentary alleged that protesters were being paid money to attend anti-Olympics rallies. One of the men interviewed later stated he was "unsure" if he had actually attended any anti-Olympics rallies. NHK Osaka cited "editorial oversights" and "deficiencies in research", issuing an apology. Some anti-Olympic activists demanded that the documentary should be removed. Some activists were concerned that the misinformation was spread by NHK to silence those who opposed the Tokyo Olympics during the pandemic.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NHK denied that the footage was deliberately fabricated to mislead the public.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 13 January 2022, the NHK Osaka director <a href="/wiki/Terunobu_Maeda" title="Terunobu Maeda">Terunobu Maeda</a> apologized during a press conference, admitting that the captions "should not have been included". Once again, he denied that the incident was a fabrication.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="COVID-19">COVID-19</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: COVID-19"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In December 2023, Japan's <a href="/w/index.php?title=Broadcasting_Ethics_and_Program_Improvement_Organization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Broadcasting Ethics and Program Improvement Organization (page does not exist)">Broadcasting Ethics and Program Improvement Organization</a> (BPO) concluded that NHK had breached broadcasting ethics in its "News Watch 9" program, where people believed to have died from <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a> <a href="/wiki/Vaccine_injury" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaccine injury">vaccine injury</a> were treated as if they had died from COVID-19. Regarding the incident as an inappropriate way of reporting, NHK stated that it would take measures to avoid the repetition of the misconduct.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Logo_history">Logo history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Logo history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NHK.png" class="mw-file-description" title="1926–1962"><img alt="1926–1962" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/NHK.png" decoding="async" width="145" height="120" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="136" data-file-height="113" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1926–1962</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NHK_logo_(pre-1995).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="1962–1995"><img alt="1962–1995" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/NHK_logo_%28pre-1995%29.svg/180px-NHK_logo_%28pre-1995%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/NHK_logo_%28pre-1995%29.svg/270px-NHK_logo_%28pre-1995%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/NHK_logo_%28pre-1995%29.svg/360px-NHK_logo_%28pre-1995%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="478" data-file-height="106" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1962–1995</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NHK_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="1995–2020 (original)"><img alt="1995–2020 (original)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/NHK_logo.svg/180px-NHK_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/NHK_logo.svg/270px-NHK_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/NHK_logo.svg/360px-NHK_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="191" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1995–2020 (original)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NHK_Logo_2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="1995–2020 (alternate)"><img alt="1995–2020 (alternate)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/NHK_Logo_2.svg/180px-NHK_Logo_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/NHK_Logo_2.svg/270px-NHK_Logo_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/NHK_Logo_2.svg/360px-NHK_Logo_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="98" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1995–2020 (alternate)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NHK_logo_2020.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="2020–present (original)"><img alt="2020–present (original)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/NHK_logo_2020.svg/180px-NHK_logo_2020.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/NHK_logo_2020.svg/270px-NHK_logo_2020.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/NHK_logo_2020.svg/360px-NHK_logo_2020.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1230" data-file-height="354" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">2020–present (original)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_NHK.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="2020–present (alternate)"><img alt="2020–present (alternate)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Flag_of_NHK.svg/180px-Flag_of_NHK.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Flag_of_NHK.svg/270px-Flag_of_NHK.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Flag_of_NHK.svg/360px-Flag_of_NHK.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">2020–present (alternate)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domo_(NHK)" title="Domo (NHK)">Domo</a>, the mascot of the NHK since 1998</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hobankyo" title="Hobankyo">Hobankyo</a> – Organization based in Japan that enforces Fuji Television copyright issues</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISDB" title="ISDB">ISDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Prize_Contest_(NHK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Japan Prize Contest (NHK)">Japan Prize Contest (NHK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_television_programs" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese television programs">Japanese television programs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Japan">Media of Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Science_%26_Technology_Research_Laboratories" title="NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories">NHK Science & Technology Research Laboratories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Spring_Company" title="NHK Spring Company">NHK Spring Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takashi_Tachibana" title="Takashi Tachibana">Takashi Tachibana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnny_%26_Associates" title="Johnny & Associates">Johnny & Associates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Japan" title="Television in Japan">Television in Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV_Japan" title="TV Japan">TV Japan</a> – a former mixed Japanese/English-language cable network partially owned by NHK airing in the United States</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra-high-definition_television" title="Ultra-high-definition television">Ultra-high-definition television</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pronounced in Japanese as <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Enueichikei</i></span><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">エヌエイチケイ</span></span>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhk.or.jp/pr/keiei/gyoumu/h17/pdf/gyoumu.pdf">"日本放送協会平成17年度業務報告書]"</a> [NHK Business Report 2005] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. p. 42. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061114230652/https://www.nhk.or.jp/pr/keiei/gyoumu/h17/pdf/gyoumu.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 14 November 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%94%BE%E9%80%81%E5%8D%94%E4%BC%9A%E5%B9%B3%E6%88%9017%E5%B9%B4%E5%BA%A6%E6%A5%AD%E5%8B%99%E5%A0%B1%E5%91%8A%E6%9B%B8%5D&rft.pages=42&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhk.or.jp%2Fpr%2Fkeiei%2Fgyoumu%2Fh17%2Fpdf%2Fgyoumu.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANHK" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nhk.or.jp/info/about/summary.html">NHKの概要</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080514035550/http://www.nhk.or.jp/pr/english/profile/pforile.html">"NHK: Profile"</a>. NHK. 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NHK. 24 June 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nhk.or.jp/program/sekaima/sekainoima0607.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 15 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NHK+apologizes+after+airing+report+on+the+official+film+of+Tokyo+Olympics&rft.pub=Arab+News+Japan&rft.date=2022-01-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.arabnews.jp%2Fen%2Fjapan%2Farticle_63238%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANHK" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mainichi.jp/articles/20220109/k00/00m/040/127000c">"NHKの河瀬直美さんの五輪番組、字幕に不確かな内容 21年放送"</a></span>. <i>Mainichi Shimbun</i> (in Japanese). 9 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Asahi+Shimbun&rft.atitle=NHK%E3%80%81%E4%BA%8B%E5%AE%9F%E7%A2%BA%E8%AA%8D%E3%81%9B%E3%81%9A%E4%B8%8D%E9%81%A9%E5%88%87%E5%AD%97%E5%B9%95%E3%80%8C%E9%87%91%E3%82%82%E3%82%89%E3%81%A3%E3%81%A6%E3%80%8D%E3%80%8C%E4%BA%94%E8%BC%AA%E5%8F%8D%E5%AF%BE%E3%83%87%E3%83%A2%E5%8F%82%E5%8A%A0%E3%80%8D&rft.date=2022-01-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asahi.com%2Farticles%2FASQ196WCCQ19PTFC004.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANHK" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mainichi.jp/articles/20220113/k00/00m/040/149000c">"NHK字幕問題大阪放送局長陳謝「入れるべきではなかった」"</a></span>. <i>Mainichi Shimbun</i> (in Japanese). 13 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mainichi+Shimbun&rft.atitle=NHK%E5%AD%97%E5%B9%95%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C+%E5%A4%A7%E9%98%AA%E6%94%BE%E9%80%81%E5%B1%80%E9%95%B7%E9%99%B3%E8%AC%9D%E3%80%8C%E5%85%A5%E3%82%8C%E3%82%8B%E3%81%B9%E3%81%8D%E3%81%A7%E3%81%AF%E3%81%AA%E3%81%8B%E3%81%A3%E3%81%9F%E3%80%8D&rft.date=2022-01-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmainichi.jp%2Farticles%2F20220113%2Fk00%2F00m%2F040%2F149000c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANHK" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2023/12/06/japan/media/nhk-program-broadcasting-ethics-breach/">"NHK found to have breached ethics with COVID vaccine news segment"</a>. <i>The Japan Times</i>. Jiji Press. 6 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Japan+Times&rft.atitle=NHK+found+to+have+breached+ethics+with+COVID+vaccine+news+segment&rft.date=2023-12-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.japantimes.co.jp%2Fnews%2F2023%2F12%2F06%2Fjapan%2Fmedia%2Fnhk-program-broadcasting-ethics-breach%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANHK" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_sources">General sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: General sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Johnston, Eric (7 July 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2009/07/07/reference/nhk-a-fount-of-info-a-lot-of-it-from-the-government/">"NHK a fount of info, a lot of it from the government"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Japan_Times" title="The Japan Times">The Japan Times</a></i>, p. 3.</li> <li>Seidensticker, Edward (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5wsOAQAAMAAJ"><i>Tokyo Rising: The City Since the Great Earthquake</i></a>. New York: Knopf. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-394-54360-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-394-54360-2">0-394-54360-2</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 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.navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="NHK" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NHK" title="Template:NHK"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:NHK&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:NHK (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NHK" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NHK"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="NHK" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">NHK</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organization</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Managing_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Managing Committee (page does not exist)">Managing Committee</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nobuyuki_Koga" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobuyuki Koga">Nobuyuki Koga</a> (president)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kazuo_Sakakibara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kazuo Sakakibara (page does not exist)">Kazuo Sakakibara</a>（interim president）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobuko_Akashi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobuko Akashi (page does not exist)">Nobuko Akashi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seiji_Isoyama&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seiji Isoyama (page does not exist)">Seiji Isoyama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toru_Okusa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toru Okusa (page does not exist)">Toru Okusa</a> (fulltime)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yutaka_Ozaki_(executive)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yutaka Ozaki (executive) (page does not exist)">Yutaka Ozaki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yuyoshi_Sakamoto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yuyoshi Sakamoto (page does not exist)">Yuyoshi Sakamoto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoshihiro_Iki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yoshihiro Iki (page does not exist)">Yoshihiro Iki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fuwa_Yasu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fuwa Yasu (page does not exist)">Fuwa Yasu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaori_Maeda_(executive)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaori Maeda (executive) (page does not exist)">Kaori Maeda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eri_Misuo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eri Misuo (page does not exist)">Eri Misuo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akitsugu_Murata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akitsugu Murata (page does not exist)">Akitsugu Murata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former presidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kenzo_Iwahara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kenzo Iwahara (page does not exist)">Kenzo Iwahara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shichiro_Komori&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shichiro Komori (page does not exist)">Shichiro Komori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Shimomura" title="Hiroshi Shimomura">Hiroshi Shimomura</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hachiro_Ohashi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hachiro Ohashi (page does not exist)">Hachiro Ohashi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iwasaburo_Takano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iwasaburo Takano (page does not exist)">Iwasaburo Takano</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetsuo_Furugaki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tetsuo Furugaki (page does not exist)">Tetsuo Furugaki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kiyoshi_Nagata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kiyoshi Nagata (page does not exist)">Kiyoshi Nagata</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hideo_Nomura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hideo Nomura (page does not exist)">Hideo Nomura</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shinosuke_Abe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shinosuke Abe (page does not exist)">Shinosuke Abe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoshinori_Maeda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yoshinori Maeda (page does not exist)">Yoshinori Maeda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoshiro_Ono&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yoshiro Ono (page does not exist)">Yoshiro Ono</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Choichi_Sakamoto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Choichi Sakamoto (page does not exist)">Choichi Sakamoto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masato_Kawahara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masato Kawahara (page does not exist)">Masato Kawahara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoshizo_Ikeda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yoshizo Ikeda (page does not exist)">Yoshizo Ikeda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keiji_Shima&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Keiji Shima (page does not exist)">Keiji Shima</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mikio_Kawaguchi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mikio Kawaguchi (page does not exist)">Mikio Kawaguchi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katsuji_Ebisawa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katsuji Ebisawa (page does not exist)">Katsuji Ebisawa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Genichi_Hashimoto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Genichi Hashimoto (page does not exist)">Genichi Hashimoto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeo_Fukuchi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shigeo Fukuchi (page does not exist)">Shigeo Fukuchi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masayuki_Matsumoto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masayuki Matsumoto (page does not exist)">Masayuki Matsumoto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Katsuhito_Momii&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Katsuhito Momii (page does not exist)">Katsuhito Momii</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ryoichi_Ueda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ryoichi Ueda (page does not exist)">Ryoichi Ueda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akinori_Maeda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akinori Maeda (page does not exist)">Akinori Maeda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobuo_Inaba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobuo Inaba (page does not exist)">Nobuo Inaba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former vice-presidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taeko_Nagai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taeko Nagai (page does not exist)">Taeko Nagai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoshinori_Imai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yoshinori Imai (page does not exist)">Yoshinori Imai</a></li> <li>Naomichi Ono</li> <li>Hikaru Domoto</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television channels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHK_General_TV" title="NHK General TV">General TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Educational_TV" title="NHK Educational TV">Educational TV</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_BS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK BS (page does not exist)">BS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_BS_Premium_4K" class="mw-redirect" title="NHK BS Premium 4K">BSP4K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_BS8K" title="NHK BS8K">BS8K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_World-Japan#Television" title="NHK World-Japan">NHK World TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_World_Premium" title="NHK World Premium">NHK World Premium (partially unscrambled)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Radio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Radio_1" title="NHK Radio 1">Radio 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Radio_2" title="NHK Radio 2">Radio 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_FM_Broadcast" title="NHK FM Broadcast">FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_World-Japan#Radio" title="NHK World-Japan">NHK World-Japan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK%2B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK+ (page does not exist)">NHK+</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Net_Radio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Net Radio (page does not exist)">NHK Net Radio Rajiru★Rajiru</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Hybridcast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Hybridcast (page does not exist)">NHK Hybridcast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Data_Online&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Data Online (page does not exist)">Data Online</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_UHF_TV_Experimental_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK UHF TV Experimental Station (page does not exist)">UHF TV Experimental Station</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hi-Vision_Test_Service&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hi-Vision Test Service (page does not exist)">Hi-Vision Test Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_BS2" class="mw-redirect" title="NHK BS2">BS2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_BShi" class="mw-redirect" title="NHK BShi">BShi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Digital_Radio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Digital Radio (page does not exist)">Digital Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_BS8K" title="NHK BS8K">8K Test Service</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Oneseg_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Oneseg 2 (page does not exist)">Oneseg 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_BS1" class="mw-redirect" title="NHK BS1">BS1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_BS_Premium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK BS Premium (page does not exist)">BS Premium</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_BS4K&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK BS4K (page does not exist)">BS4K</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_broadcasting_format&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK broadcasting format (page does not exist)">NHK broadcasting format</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_World-Japan" title="NHK World-Japan">NHK World-Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK-BS&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK-BS (page does not exist)">NHK-BS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_News&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK News (page does not exist)">NHK News</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Online&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Online (page does not exist)">NHK Online</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_On_Demand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK On Demand (page does not exist)">NHK On Demand</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Netclub&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Netclub (page does not exist)">NHK Netclub</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Archives_Portal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Archives Portal (page does not exist)">NHK Archives Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Huayu_Shijie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Huayu Shijie (page does not exist)">NHK Huayu Shijie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_NHK_broadcasting_stations" title="List of NHK broadcasting stations">Regional broadcasting stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hokkaido" title="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Sapporo_Broadcasting_Station" title="NHK Sapporo Broadcasting Station">Sapporo</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Muroran_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Muroran Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Muroran</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Hakodate_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Hakodate Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Hakodate</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Asahikawa_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Asahikawa Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Asahikawa</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Kitami_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Kitami Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Kitami</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Obihiro_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Obihiro Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Obihiro</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Kushiro_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Kushiro Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Kushiro</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tohoku" class="mw-redirect" title="Tohoku">Tohoku</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Sendai_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Sendai Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Sendai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Akita_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Akita Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Akita</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Yamagata_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Yamagata Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Yamagata</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Tsuruoka_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Tsuruoka Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Tsuruoka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Morioka_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Morioka Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Morioka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Fukushima_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Fukushima Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Fukushima</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Koriyama_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Koriyama Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Koriyama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_IwakiBroadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK IwakiBroadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Iwaki</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Aomori_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Aomori Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Aomori</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Hirosaki_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Hirosaki Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Hirosaki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Hachinohe_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Hachinohe Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Hachinohe</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kant%C5%8D_region" title="Kantō region">Kanto</a>-<a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dshin%27etsu_region" title="Kōshin'etsu region">Koshinetsu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Broadcasting_Center" title="NHK Broadcasting Center">Broadcasting Center (metropolitan area)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Nagano_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Nagano Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Nagano</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Matsumoto_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Matsumoto Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Matsumoto</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Niigata_Broadcasting_Station" title="NHK Niigata Broadcasting Station">Niigata</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Kofu_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Kofu Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Kofu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Yokohama_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Yokohama Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Yokohama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Maebashi_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Maebashi Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Maebashi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Mito_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Mito Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Mito</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Chiba_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Chiba Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Chiba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Utsunomiya_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Utsunomiya Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Utsunomiya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Saitama_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Saitama Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Saitama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chubu" class="mw-redirect" title="Chubu">Chubu</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Nagoya_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Nagoya Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Nagoya</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Toyohashi_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Toyohashi Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Toyohashi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Kanazawa_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Kanazawa Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Kanazawa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Shizuoka_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Shizuoka Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Shizuoka</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Hamamatsu_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Hamamatsu Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Hamamatsu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Fukui_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Fukui Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Fukui</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Toyama_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Toyama Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Toyama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Tsu_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Tsu Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Tsu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Gifu_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Gifu Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Gifu</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Takayama_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Takayama Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Takayama</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kansai_region" title="Kansai region">Kinki</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Osaka_Broadcasting_Station" title="NHK Osaka Broadcasting Station">Osaka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Kyoto_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Kyoto Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Kyoto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Kobe_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Kobe Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Kobe</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Himeji_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Himeji Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Himeji</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Wakayama_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Wakayama Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Wakayama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Nara_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Nara Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Nara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Otsu_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Otsu Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Otsu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chugoku" class="mw-redirect" title="Chugoku">Chugoku</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Hiroshima_Broadcasting_Station" title="NHK Hiroshima Broadcasting Station">Hiroshima</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Fukuyama_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Fukuyama Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Fukuyama</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Okayama_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Okayama Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Okayama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Matsue_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Matsue Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Matsue</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Tottori_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Tottori Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Tottori</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Yonago_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Yonago Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Yonago</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Yamaguchi_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Yamaguchi Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Yamaguchi</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Shimonoseki_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Shimonoseki Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Shimonoseki</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shikoku" title="Shikoku">Shikoku</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Matsuyama_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Matsuyama Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Matsuyama</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Kochi_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Kochi Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Kochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Tokushima_Broadcasting_Station" title="NHK Tokushima Broadcasting Station">Tokushima</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Takamatsu_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Takamatsu Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Takamatsu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kyushu" title="Kyushu">Kyushu</a>-<a href="/wiki/Okinawa_Islands" title="Okinawa Islands">Okinawa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Fukuoka_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Fukuoka Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Fukuoka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Kitakyushu_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Kitakyushu Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Kitakyushu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Kumamoto_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Kumamoto Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Kumamoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Nagasaki_Broadcasting_Station" title="NHK Nagasaki Broadcasting Station">Nagasaki</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Sasebo_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Sasebo Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Sasebo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Kagoshima_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Kagoshima Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Kagoshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Miyazaki_Broadcasting_Station" title="NHK Miyazaki Broadcasting Station">Miyazaki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Oita_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Oita Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Oita</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NHK_Saga_Broadcasting_Station&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NHK Saga Broadcasting Station (page does not exist)">Saga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Okinawa_Broadcasting_Station" title="NHK Okinawa Broadcasting Station">Okinawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Terrestrial_television_networks_in_Japan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Japanese_television_networks" title="Template:Japanese television networks"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Japanese_television_networks" title="Template talk:Japanese television networks"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese_television_networks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese television networks"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Terrestrial_television_networks_in_Japan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Japan#National_networks" title="Television in Japan">Terrestrial television networks in Japan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commercial television</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-Nippon_News_Network" title="All-Nippon News Network">ANN</a> (<a href="/wiki/TV_Asahi" title="TV Asahi">TV Asahi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuji_News_Network" title="Fuji News Network">FNN</a>/<a href="/wiki/Fuji_Network_System" title="Fuji Network System">FNS</a> (<a href="/wiki/Fuji_Television" title="Fuji Television">Fuji TV</a>; <a href="/wiki/List_of_FNN_and_FNS_affiliates" title="List of FNN and FNS affiliates">List of affiliates</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_News_Network" title="Japan News Network">JNN</a> (<a href="/wiki/TBS_Television_(Japan)" title="TBS Television (Japan)">TBS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nippon_News_Network" title="Nippon News Network">NNN</a>/<a href="/wiki/Nippon_Television_Network_System" title="Nippon Television Network System">NNS</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nippon_Television" title="Nippon Television">Nippon TV</a>; <a href="/wiki/List_of_NNN_and_NNS_affiliates" title="List of NNN and NNS affiliates">List of affiliates</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TX_Network" title="TX Network">TXN</a> (<a href="/wiki/TV_Tokyo" title="TV Tokyo">TV Tokyo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/JAITS" title="JAITS">Independent stations (JAITS)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public television (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">NHK</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHK_General_TV" title="NHK General TV">NHK General TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Educational_TV" title="NHK Educational TV">NHK Educational TV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Broadcast_radio_networks_in_Japan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Japan_radio_networks" title="Template:Japan radio networks"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Japan_radio_networks" title="Template talk:Japan radio networks"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Japan_radio_networks" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Japan radio networks"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Broadcast_radio_networks_in_Japan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrestrial radio">Broadcast radio</a> <a href="/wiki/Radio_network" title="Radio network">networks</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Japan" title="List of radio stations in Japan">in Japan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commercial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><a href="/wiki/AM_broadcasting" title="AM broadcasting">AM</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Radio_Network" title="Japan Radio Network">JRN</a> (Japan Radio Network)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Radio_Network_(Japan)" title="National Radio Network (Japan)">NRN</a> (National Radio Network)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><a href="/wiki/FM_broadcasting" title="FM broadcasting">FM</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japan_FM_Network" title="Japan FM Network">JFN</a> (Japan FM Network)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_FM_League" title="Japan FM League">JFL</a> (Japan FM League)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MegaNet" title="MegaNet">MegaNet</a> (Megalopolis Radio Network)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em"><a href="/wiki/Shortwave" class="mw-redirect" title="Shortwave">Shortwave</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Nikkei" title="Radio Nikkei">Radio Nikkei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">NHK</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">AM</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Radio_1" title="NHK Radio 1">Radio 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHK_Radio_2" title="NHK Radio 2">Radio 2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">FM</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NHK_FM_Broadcast" title="NHK FM Broadcast">NHK-FM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_European_Broadcasting_Union" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_Broadcasting_Union_members" title="Template:European Broadcasting Union members"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_Broadcasting_Union_members" title="Template talk:European Broadcasting Union members"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_Broadcasting_Union_members" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European Broadcasting Union members"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_European_Broadcasting_Union" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Members of the <a href="/wiki/European_Broadcasting_Union" title="European Broadcasting Union">European Broadcasting Union</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active<br />members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ARD_(broadcaster)" title="ARD (broadcaster)">ARD</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bayerischer_Rundfunk" title="Bayerischer Rundfunk">BR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutschlandradio" title="Deutschlandradio">DLR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Welle" title="Deutsche Welle">DW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hessischer_Rundfunk" title="Hessischer Rundfunk">HR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitteldeutscher_Rundfunk" title="Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk">MDR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norddeutscher_Rundfunk" title="Norddeutscher Rundfunk">NDR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Bremen" title="Radio Bremen">RB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rundfunk_Berlin-Brandenburg" title="Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg">RBB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saarl%C3%A4ndischer_Rundfunk" title="Saarländischer Rundfunk">SR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCdwestrundfunk" title="Südwestrundfunk">SWR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westdeutscher_Rundfunk" title="Westdeutscher Rundfunk">WDR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Radio_of_Armenia" title="Public Radio of Armenia">ARMR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Television_Company_of_Armenia" title="Public Television Company of Armenia">ARMTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_and_Television_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Radio and Television of Bosnia and Herzegovina">BHRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_National_Radio" title="Bulgarian National Radio">BNR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_National_Television" title="Bulgarian National Television">BNT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Radio" title="Czech Radio">ČRo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Television" title="Czech Television">ČT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation">CyBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DR_(broadcaster)" title="DR (broadcaster)">DR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Algeria" title="Radio Algeria">ENRS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Establishment_of_Television" title="Public Establishment of Television">EPTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eesti_Rahvusringh%C3%A4%C3%A4ling" title="Eesti Rahvusringhääling">ERR</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eesti_Raadio" title="Eesti Raadio">ER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eesti_Televisioon" title="Eesti Televisioon">ETV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_100,7" title="Radio 100,7">ERSL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation">ERT</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Radio" title="Hellenic Radio">ERA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Public_Broadcaster" title="Georgian Public Broadcaster">GPB</a></li> <li>GRF <ul><li><a href="/wiki/France_M%C3%A9dias_Monde" title="France Médias Monde">FMM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France_T%C3%A9l%C3%A9visions" title="France Télévisions">FTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_France" title="Radio France">RF</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Radiotelevision" title="Croatian Radiotelevision">HRT</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_Radio" title="Croatian Radio">HR</a></li></ul></li> <li>İCTI <ul><li>İR</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ctimai_Television" title="İctimai Television">İTV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_Radio_and_Television_Corporation" title="Jordan Radio and Television Corporation">JRTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Public_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Israeli Public Broadcasting Corporation">KAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya_National_Channel" title="Libya National Channel">LNC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_National_Radio_and_Television" title="Lithuanian National Radio and Television">LRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_of_Latvia" title="Public Broadcasting of Latvia">LSM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latvijas_Radio" title="Latvijas Radio">LR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Television" title="Latvian Television">LTV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monaco_Media_Diffusion" title="Monaco Media Diffusion">MMD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Radio_Television" title="Macedonian Radio Television">MRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTVA_(Hungary)" class="mw-redirect" title="MTVA (Hungary)">MTVA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duna_M%C3%A9dia" title="Duna Média">Duna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nederlandse_Publieke_Omroep_(organisation)" title="Nederlandse Publieke Omroep (organisation)">NPO</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AVROTROS" title="AVROTROS">AVROTROS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BNNVARA" title="BNNVARA">BNNVARA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangelische_Omroep" title="Evangelische Omroep">EO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanistische_Omroep" title="Humanistische Omroep">HUMAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KRO-NCRV" title="KRO-NCRV">KRO-NCRV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omroep_MAX" title="Omroep MAX">MAX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nederlandse_Omroep_Stichting" title="Nederlandse Omroep Stichting">NOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omroep_NTR" title="Omroep NTR">NTR</a></li> <li>ON</li> <li><a href="/wiki/PowNed" title="PowNed">PowNed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stichting_Ether_Reclame" class="mw-redirect" title="Stichting Ether Reclame">Ster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VPRO" title="VPRO">VPRO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNL_(broadcaster)" title="WNL (broadcaster)">WNL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omroep_Zwart" title="Omroep Zwart">Zwart</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NRK" title="NRK">NRK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Media_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="National Media Authority">NTU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ORF_(broadcaster)" title="ORF (broadcaster)">ORF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Services" title="Public Broadcasting Services">PBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polskie_Radio" title="Polskie Radio">PR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAI" title="RAI">RAI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Radio_Broadcasting_Company" title="Romanian Radio Broadcasting Company">ROR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTBF" title="RTBF">RTBF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_and_Television_of_Montenegro" title="Radio and Television of Montenegro">RTCG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89" title="RTÉ">RTÉ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTL_Group" title="RTL Group">RTL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A1dio_e_Televis%C3%A3o_de_Portugal" title="Rádio e Televisão de Portugal">RTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Television_of_Serbia" title="Radio Television of Serbia">RTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTSH" title="RTSH">RTSH</a></li> <li>RTT <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Tunisienne" title="Radio Tunisienne">RT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9vision_Tunisienne" title="Télévision Tunisienne">TT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_and_Television_of_Andorra" title="Radio and Television of Andorra">RTVA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTVE" title="RTVE">RTVE</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Radio Nacional de España">RNE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Televisi%C3%B3n_Espa%C3%B1ola" title="Televisión Española">TVE</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiotelevizija_Slovenija" title="Radiotelevizija Slovenija">RTVSLO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%9AV" title="RÚV">RÚV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Marino_RTV" title="San Marino RTV">SMRTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNRT" title="SNRT">SNRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Swiss Broadcasting Corporation">SRG SSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_Management_for_SR,_SVT,_and_UR" title="Foundation Management for SR, SVT, and UR">SRT</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sveriges_Radio" title="Sveriges Radio">SR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sveriges_Television" title="Sveriges Television">SVT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_Educational_Broadcasting_Company" title="Swedish Educational Broadcasting Company">UR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Television_and_Radio" title="Slovak Television and Radio">STVR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspilne" title="Suspilne">SU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9diffusion_d%27Alg%C3%A9rie" title="Télédiffusion d'Algérie">TDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TG4" title="TG4">TG4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9_Liban" title="Télé Liban">TL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teleradio-Moldova" title="Teleradio-Moldova">TRM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Radio_and_Television_Corporation" title="Turkish Radio and Television Corporation">TRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TVMonaco" title="TVMonaco">TVM</a> <i><abbr title="Monaco">(MC)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV_2_(Denmark)" class="mw-redirect" title="TV 2 (Denmark)">TV 2</a> <i><abbr title="Denmark">(DK)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV_2_Group" title="TV 2 Group">TV 2</a> <i><abbr title="Norway">(NO)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telewizja_Polska" title="Telewizja Polska">TVP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TVR_(TV_network)" title="TVR (TV network)">TVR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Independent_Broadcasting" title="United Kingdom Independent Broadcasting">UKIB</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Channel_Four_Television_Corporation" title="Channel Four Television Corporation">C4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITV_plc" title="ITV plc">ITV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S4C_Authority" title="S4C Authority">S4C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STV_Group" title="STV Group">STV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vatican_Radio" title="Vatican Radio">VR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VRT_(broadcaster)" title="VRT (broadcaster)">VRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yle" title="Yle">Yle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZDF" title="ZDF">ZDF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Suspended</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belteleradio" title="Belteleradio">BTRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channel_One_Russia" title="Channel One Russia">C1R</a></li> <li>RDO <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Mayak" title="Radio Mayak">MK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Orpheus" title="Radio Orpheus">OP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-Russia_State_Television_and_Radio_Broadcasting_Company" title="All-Russia State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company">VGTRK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antena_3_Radio" title="Antena 3 Radio">A3R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canal%2B_(French_TV_channel)" title="Canal+ (French TV channel)">C+</a></li> <li>C1O</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadena_COPE" title="Cadena COPE">COPE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiocentre" title="Radiocentre">CRCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Television#1953–1992:_Czechoslovak_Television" title="Czech Television">ČST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe_1" title="Europe 1">E1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ERTT" title="ERTT">ERTT</a></li> <li>GRMC <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RMC_(France)" title="RMC (France)">RMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TMC_(TV_channel)" title="TMC (TV channel)">TMC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Broadcasting_Authority" title="Independent Broadcasting Authority">IBA</a> <i><abbr title="United Kingdom">(GB)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Broadcasting_Authority" title="Israel Broadcasting Authority">IBA</a> <i><abbr title="Israel">(IL)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Television_Authority" title="Independent Television Authority">ITA</a></li> <li>ITCA</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Radio_Television" title="Yugoslav Radio Television">JRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Jamahiriya_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Libyan Jamahiriya Broadcasting Corporation">LJBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Malta" title="Television in Malta">MBA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magyar_R%C3%A1di%C3%B3" title="Magyar Rádió">MR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTV3" title="MTV3">MTV</a> <i><abbr title="Finland">(FI)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magyar_Telev%C3%ADzi%C3%B3" title="Magyar Televízió">MTV</a> <i><abbr title="Hungary">(HU)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hellenic_Radio,_Internet_and_Television" title="New Hellenic Radio, Internet and Television">NERIT</a></li> <li>OFRT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_de_Radiodiffusion_T%C3%A9l%C3%A9vision_Fran%C3%A7aise" title="Office de Radiodiffusion Télévision Française">ORTF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiodiffusion-T%C3%A9l%C3%A9vision_Fran%C3%A7aise" title="Radiodiffusion-Télévision Française">RTF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_and_Television_of_Slovakia" title="Radio and Television of Slovakia">RTVS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadena_SER" title="Cadena SER">SER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovensk%C3%BD_rozhlas" title="Slovenský rozhlas">SRo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovensk%C3%A1_telev%C3%ADzia" title="Slovenská televízia">STV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TDF_Group" title="TDF Group">TDF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TF1" title="TF1">TF1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La7" title="La7">TMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV4_(Swedish_TV_channel)" title="TV4 (Swedish TV channel)">TV4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udru%C5%BEenje_javnih_radija_i_televizija" title="Udruženje javnih radija i televizija">UJRT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associate<br /> members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Australian Broadcasting Corporation">ABC</a> <i><abbr title="Australia">(AU)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a> <i><abbr title="United States">(US)</abbr></i></li> <li>ACORAB</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Public_Media" title="American Public Media">APM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canal_13_(Chilean_TV_network)" title="Canal 13 (Chilean TV network)">C13</a> <i><abbr title="Chile">(CL)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Canadian Broadcasting Corporation">CBC/SRC</a> <i><abbr title="Canada">(CA)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Media_Group" title="China Media Group">CMG</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Central_Television" title="China Central Television">CCTV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China_Global_Television_Network" title="China Global Television Network">CGTN</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Radio" title="China National Radio">CNR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_Radio_International" title="China Radio International">CRI</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funda%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Padre_Anchieta" title="Fundação Padre Anchieta">FPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreeTV_Australia" title="FreeTV Australia">Free</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Institute_of_Radio_and_Television" title="Cuban Institute of Radio and Television">ICRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Republic_of_Iran_Broadcasting" title="Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting">IRIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khabar_Agency" title="Khabar Agency">KA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Broadcasting_System" title="Korean Broadcasting System">KBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritius_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Mauritius Broadcasting Corporation">MBC</a> <i><abbr title="Mauritius">(MU)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_Television" title="Bangladesh Television">NBAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a> <i><abbr title="United States">(US)</abbr></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">NHK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NPR" title="NPR">NPR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Organization_of_Radio_and_TV_(Syria)" title="General Organization of Radio and TV (Syria)">ORTAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Oman_Television" title="Sultanate of Oman Television">PART</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustavi_2" title="Rustavi 2">RB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_New_Zealand" title="Radio New Zealand">RNZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RTHK" title="RTHK">RTHK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Televisyen_Malaysia" title="Radio Televisyen Malaysia">RTM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Broadcasting_Service" title="Special Broadcasting Service">SBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Media_Group" title="Shanghai Media Group">SMG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TBS_Holdings" title="TBS Holdings">TBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imedi_Media_Holding" title="Imedi Media Holding">TEME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TVNZ" title="TVNZ">TVNZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WFMT" title="WFMT">WFMT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teleamazonas" title="Teleamazonas">4TA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABERT" title="ABERT">ABERT</a></li> <li>AFMN</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Radio" title="All India Radio">AIR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rica_Televisi%C3%B3n" title="América Televisión">AMÉRICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV_Asahi" title="TV Asahi">ANB</a></li> <li>ATEC</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asia_Television" title="Asia Television">ATV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZNS-TV" title="ZNS-TV">BCB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Televisi%C3%B3n_P%C3%BAblica" title="Televisión Pública">C7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teledoce" title="Teledoce">C12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Trece" title="El Trece">C13</a> <i><abbr title="Argentina">(AR)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Caribbean Broadcasting Corporation">CBC</a> <i><abbr title="Barbados">(BB)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation">CBC</a> <i><abbr title="Sri Lanka">(LK)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azteca_Uno" title="Azteca Uno">CMRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporation_for_Public_Broadcasting" title="Corporation for Public Broadcasting">CPB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CTV_Television_Network" title="CTV Television Network">CTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Di%C3%A1rios_Associados" title="Diários Associados">DA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WNET" title="WNET">EBC</a></li> <li>EMI</li> <li>EURT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuji_Television" title="Fuji Television">FTN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Ghana Broadcasting Corporation">GBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Communications_Network,_Guyana" title="National Communications Network, Guyana">GBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV_Globo" title="TV Globo">GLOBO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambia_Radio_%26_Television_Service" title="Gambia Radio & Television Service">GRTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Broadcasting_Bureau" title="International Broadcasting Bureau">IBB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inravisi%C3%B3n" title="Inravisión">IRV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaica_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Jamaica Broadcasting Corporation">JBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeem_TV" title="Jeem TV">JCC</a></li> <li>IBTE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait_Television" title="Kuwait Television">KBTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaallit_Nunaata_Radioa" title="Kalaallit Nunaata Radioa">KNR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberia_Broadcasting_System" title="Liberia Broadcasting System">LBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawi_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Malawi Broadcasting Corporation">MBC</a> <i><abbr title="Malawi">(MW)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munhwa_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Munhwa Broadcasting Corporation">MBC</a> <i><abbr title="South Korea">(KR)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainichi_Broadcasting_System" title="Mainichi Broadcasting System">MBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Public_Radio" title="Minnesota Public Radio">MPR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Consortium" title="Japan Consortium">NACB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Educational_Broadcasters" title="National Association of Educational Broadcasters">NAEB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Radio_Corporation_of_Nigeria" title="Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria">NBC</a> <i><abbr title="Nigeria">(NG)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Broadcasting_Corporation_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="National Broadcasting Corporation of Papua New Guinea">NBC</a> <i><abbr title="Papua New Guinea">(PNG)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Educational_Television" title="National Educational Television">NET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nippon_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="Nippon TV">NTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_Television" title="Nepal Television">NTVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Radio" title="New York Public Radio">NYPR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Radio_and_Television_of_Niger" title="Office of Radio and Television of Niger">ORTN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panamericana_Televisi%C3%B3n" title="Panamericana Televisión">PANTEL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation">PBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Television_Corporation" title="Pakistan Television Corporation">PTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar_Radio" title="Qatar Radio">QR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar_Television" title="Qatar Television">QTBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Caracas_Radio" title="Radio Caracas Radio">RCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RCTV" title="RCTV">RCTV</a></li> <li>RD</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rede_de_Emissoras_Independentes" title="Rede de Emissoras Independentes">REI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A1dio_Nacional" title="Rádio Nacional">RN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiodiffusion_Nationale_Tchadienne" title="Radiodiffusion Nationale Tchadienne">RNT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Pakistan" title="Radio Pakistan">RP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Republik_Indonesia" title="Radio Republik Indonesia">RRI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiodiffusion_T%C3%A9l%C3%A9vision_Congolaise" title="Radiodiffusion Télévision Congolaise">RTC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_T%C3%A9l%C3%A9vision_Gabonaise" title="Radio Télévision Gabonaise">RTG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiodiffusion_Television_Ivoirienne" title="Radiodiffusion Television Ivoirienne">RTI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%A9l%C3%A9vision_Malagasy" title="Télévision Malagasy">RTM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiodiffusion_T%C3%A9l%C3%A9vision_S%C3%A9n%C3%A9galaise" title="Radiodiffusion Télévision Sénégalaise">RTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_T%C3%A9l%C3%A9vision_du_Burkina" title="Radio Télévision du Burkina">RTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SABC" title="SABC">SABC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Broadcasting_Authority" title="Saudi Broadcasting Authority">SABTVS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Sri Lanka Broadcasting Corporation">SLBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan_TV" title="Sudan TV">STS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latina_Televisi%C3%B3n" title="Latina Televisión">T2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Tanzania Broadcasting Corporation">TBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Televisi%C3%B3n_Independiente_de_M%C3%A9xico#1968-70:_Telecadena_Mexicana" title="Televisión Independiente de México">TCM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokyo_FM" title="Tokyo FM">TFM/JOAU-FM</a></li> <li>TH</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Televisi%C3%B3n_Independiente_de_M%C3%A9xico" title="Televisión Independiente de México">TIM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_Life_Television" title="Time Life Television">TIME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telesistema_Mexicano" title="Telesistema Mexicano">TSM</a></li> <li>TSN</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Televisa" title="Televisa">TVA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TVB" title="TVB">TVB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_of_Mauritania" title="Television of Mauritania">TVM</a> <i><abbr title="Mauritania">(MR)</abbr></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Televisi%C3%B3n_Nacional_de_Chile" title="Televisión Nacional de Chile">TVN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TVRI" title="TVRI">TVRI</a></li> <li>UAERTVD</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Information_Agency" title="United States Information Agency">USIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Kenya Broadcasting Corporation">VK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venezolana_de_Televisi%C3%B3n" title="Venezolana de Televisión">VV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio-T%C3%A9l%C3%A9vision_nationale_congolaise" title="Radio-Télévision nationale congolaise">VZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WGBH_Educational_Foundation" title="WGBH Educational Foundation">WGBH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation">ZBC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Approved<br />participants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arte" title="Arte">Arte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalunya_R%C3%A0dio" title="Catalunya Ràdio">CAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cellnex" title="Cellnex">Cellnex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euronews" title="Euronews">Euronews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_de_l%27audiovisuel" title="Institut national de l'audiovisuel">INA</a></li> <li>JPMRD</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Television_of_Vojvodina" title="Radio Television of Vojvodina">RTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TV5Monde" title="TV5Monde">TV5Monde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abertis" title="Abertis">Abertis</a></li> <li>AH</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_Educational_Television" title="Israeli Educational Television">IETV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBC_Group" title="MBC Group">MEBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retevisi%C3%B3n" title="Retevisión">RETE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Television_and_Radio_Broadcasting_Network" title="Russian Television and Radio Broadcasting Network">RTRN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentech" title="Sentech">SNTC</a></li> <li>URTI</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Busan_International_Film_Festival_for_Asian_Filmmaker_of_the_Year" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Asian_Filmmaker_of_the_Year" title="Template:Asian Filmmaker of the Year"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Asian_Filmmaker_of_the_Year" title="Template talk:Asian Filmmaker of the Year"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Asian_Filmmaker_of_the_Year" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Asian Filmmaker of the Year"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Busan_International_Film_Festival_for_Asian_Filmmaker_of_the_Year" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Busan_International_Film_Festival#The_Asian_Filmmaker_of_the_Year" title="Busan International Film Festival">Busan International Film Festival for Asian Filmmaker of the Year</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mohsen_Makhmalbaf" title="Mohsen Makhmalbaf">Mohsen Makhmalbaf</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hou_Hsiao-hsien" title="Hou Hsiao-hsien">Hou Hsiao-hsien</a> (2004)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">NHK</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Lau" title="Andy Lau">Andy Lau</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Yang" title="Edward Yang">Edward Yang</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulnara_Sarsenova" title="Gulnara Sarsenova">Gulnara Sarsenova</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yash_Chopra" title="Yash Chopra">Yash Chopra</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsai_Ming-liang" title="Tsai Ming-liang">Tsai Ming-liang</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsui_Hark" title="Tsui Hark">Tsui Hark</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dji_Wakamatsu" title="Kōji Wakamatsu">Kōji Wakamatsu</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rithy_Panh" title="Rithy Panh">Rithy Panh</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Hui" title="Ann Hui">Ann Hui</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studio_Ghibli" title="Studio Ghibli">Studio Ghibli</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbas_Kiarostami" title="Abbas Kiarostami">Abbas Kiarostami</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seijun_Suzuki" title="Seijun Suzuki">Seijun Suzuki</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryuichi_Sakamoto" title="Ryuichi Sakamoto">Ryuichi Sakamoto</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirokazu_Kore-eda" title="Hirokazu Kore-eda">Hirokazu Kore-eda</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Im_Kwon-taek" title="Im Kwon-taek">Im Kwon-taek</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Leung_Chiu-wai" title="Tony Leung Chiu-wai">Tony Leung Chiu-wai</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chow_Yun-fat" title="Chow Yun-fat">Chow Yun-fat</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiyoshi_Kurosawa" title="Kiyoshi Kurosawa">Kiyoshi Kurosawa</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212128#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212128#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212128#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121463010">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/312737759">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/43787-6">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50064664">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb131878636">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb131878636">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00257035">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36269787">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Nihon Hōsō Kyōkai"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2006325265&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Ōsaka Hōsōkyoku"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2006325266&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Tōkyō Hōsōkyoku"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2006325267&CON_LNG=ENG">3</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Nagoya Hōsōkyoku"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2006325268&CON_LNG=ENG">4</a></span></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX213908">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/96007817">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000231592&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAB201802333">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810554772405606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007300741905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00136170?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/035412461">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/institutions/30004439">RISM</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=NHK&oldid=1258331098">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=NHK&oldid=1258331098</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:NHK" title="Category:NHK">NHK</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1924_establishments_in_Japan" title="Category:1924 establishments in Japan">1924 establishments in Japan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commercial-free_television_networks" 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