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cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">电离能</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。68种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-68" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">68种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionisasie-energie" title="Ionisasie-energie – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ionisasie-energie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enerch%C3%ADa_d%27ionizaci%C3%B3n" title="Enerchía d'ionización – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Enerchía d'ionización" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%A3%D9%8A%D9%86" title="طاقة تأين – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طاقة تأين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enerx%C3%ADa_d%27ionizaci%C3%B3n" title="Enerxía d'ionización – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Enerxía d'ionización" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Энергія іанізацыі – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Энергія іанізацыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Йонизационна енергия – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Йонизационна енергия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A3_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="আয়নিকরণ শক্তি – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আয়নিকরণ শক্তি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energija_ionizacije" title="Energija ionizacije – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Energija ionizacije" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energia_d%27ionitzaci%C3%B3" title="Energia d'ionització – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Energia d'ionització" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioniza%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_potenci%C3%A1l" title="Ionizační potenciál – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ionizační potenciál" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95" title="Ионизаци энергийĕ – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ионизаци энергийĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egni_%C3%AFoneiddiad" title="Egni ïoneiddiad – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Egni ïoneiddiad" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioniseringsenergi" title="Ioniseringsenergi – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ioniseringsenergi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionisierungsenergie" title="Ionisierungsenergie – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ionisierungsenergie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BD%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%8D" title="Ενέργεια ιονισμού – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ενέργεια ιονισμού" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionization_energy" title="Ionization energy – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ionization energy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joniga_energio" title="Joniga energio – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Joniga energio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energ%C3%ADa_de_ionizaci%C3%B3n" title="Energía de ionización – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Energía de ionización" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionisatsioonienergia" title="Ionisatsioonienergia – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ionisatsioonienergia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizazio-potentzial" title="Ionizazio-potentzial – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ionizazio-potentzial" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B1%DA%98%DB%8C_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B4" title="انرژی یونش – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انرژی یونش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionisoitumisenergia" title="Ionisoitumisenergia – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ionisoitumisenergia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89nergie_d%27ionisation" title="Énergie d'ionisation – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Énergie d'ionisation" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuinneamh_ian%C3%BAch%C3%A1in" title="Fuinneamh ianúcháin – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Fuinneamh ianúcháin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enerx%C3%ADa_de_ionizaci%C3%B3n" title="Enerxía de ionización – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Enerxía de ionización" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%8A%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE" title="आयनन ऊर्जा – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आयनन ऊर्जा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energija_ionizacije" title="Energija ionizacije – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Energija ionizacije" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/En%C3%A8ji_iyonizasyon" title="Enèji iyonizasyon – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Enèji iyonizasyon" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioniz%C3%A1ci%C3%B3s_energia" title="Ionizációs energia – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ionizációs energia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A7%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Իոնացման էներգիա – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իոնացման էներգիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energi_ionisasi" title="Energi ionisasi – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Energi ionisasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energia_di_ionizzazione" title="Energia di ionizzazione – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Energia di ionizzazione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AA%E3%83%B3%E5%8C%96%E3%82%A8%E3%83%8D%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AE%E3%83%BC" title="イオン化エネルギー – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イオン化エネルギー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="იონიზაციის ენერგია – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იონიზაციის ენერგია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Иондалу потенциалы – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Иондалу потенциалы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%98%A8%ED%99%94_%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80" title="이온화 에너지 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이온화 에너지" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionis%C3%A9ierungsenergie" title="Ioniséierungsenergie – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Ioniséierungsenergie" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joniz%C4%81cijas_potenci%C4%81ls" title="Jonizācijas potenciāls – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jonizācijas potenciāls" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%98%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Енергија на јонизација – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Енергија на јонизација" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A3_%E0%B4%8A%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%82" title="അയോണീകരണ ഊർജം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അയോണീകരണ ഊർജം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Иончлолын энерги – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Иончлолын энерги" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenaga_pengionan" title="Tenaga pengionan – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tenaga pengionan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionisatschoonsenergie" title="Ionisatschoonsenergie – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Ionisatschoonsenergie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionisatiepotentiaal" title="Ionisatiepotentiaal – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ionisatiepotentiaal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioniseringsenergi" title="Ioniseringsenergi – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ioniseringsenergi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potencial_d%27ionizacion_dels_elements" title="Potencial d'ionizacion dels elements – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Potencial d'ionizacion dels elements" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energia_jonizacji" title="Energia jonizacji – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Energia jonizacji" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potencial_de_ioniza%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Potencial de ionização – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Potencial de ionização" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energie_de_ionizare" title="Energie de ionizare – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Energie de ionizare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Энергия ионизации – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Энергия ионизации" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energija_jonizacije" title="Energija jonizacije – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Energija jonizacije" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AB_%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA" title="අයනීකරණ ශක්තිය – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අයනීකරණ ශක්තිය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionization_energy" title="Ionization energy – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ionization energy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioniza%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_energia" title="Ionizačná energia – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ionizačná energia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionizacijska_energija" title="Ionizacijska energija – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ionizacijska energija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energjia_e_jonizuar" title="Energjia e jonizuar – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Energjia e jonizuar" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D1%98%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Енергија јонизације – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Енергија јонизације" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jonisationspotential" title="Jonisationspotential – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jonisationspotential" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="மின்மமாக்கும் ஆற்றல் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மின்மமாக்கும் ஆற்றல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="พลังงานไอออไนเซชัน – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พลังงานไอออไนเซชัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baglany%C5%9Fyk_energi%C3%BDasy" title="Baglanyşyk energiýasy – 土库曼语" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Baglanyşyk energiýasy" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土库曼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0yonla%C5%9Fma_enerjisi" title="İyonlaşma enerjisi – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İyonlaşma enerjisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97" title="Енергія іонізації – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Енергія іонізації" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="تائین توانائی – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تائین توانائی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ionlanish_energiyasi" title="Ionlanish energiyasi – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ionlanish energiyasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%83ng_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_ion_h%C3%B3a" title="Năng lượng ion hóa – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Năng lượng ion hóa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB%E8%83%BD" title="电离能 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="电离能" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E9%9B%A2%E8%83%BD" title="電離能 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="電離能" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q483769#sitelinks-wikipedia" 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class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="noteTA-f683ec12" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Chemistry"></div></div></div> <p><b>電離能</b>（Ionization energy），或稱<b>游离能</b>、<b>电离焓</b>，常簡記為<b>E<sub>I</sub></b>，指的是將一個<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="電子">電子</a>自一個孤立的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A2%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="離子">離子</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="分子">分子</a>移至無限遠處所需的能量。更廣義的用法，第一电离能定义为<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E6%80%81" class="mw-redirect" title="气态">气态</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90" title="原子">原子</a>失去一个<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" title="电子">电子</a>成为一价气态正<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%BB%E5%AD%90" title="离子">离子</a>所需的最低<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E9%87%8F" title="能量">能量</a>，记作I<sub>1</sub>；气态一价正离子失去一个电子成为气态二价正离子所需的能量称为第二电离能，记作I<sub>2</sub>。依此类推。 </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:First_Ionization_Energy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/First_Ionization_Energy.svg/langzh-400px-First_Ionization_Energy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/First_Ionization_Energy.svg/langzh-600px-First_Ionization_Energy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/First_Ionization_Energy.svg/langzh-800px-First_Ionization_Energy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="205" /></a><figcaption>第一電離能</figcaption></figure> <p>电离能的数值和原子的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%95%88%E6%A0%B8%E7%94%B5%E8%8D%B7" title="有效核电荷">有效核电荷</a>密切相关，也和<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%A4%A7%E5%B0%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="原子大小（页面不存在）">原子大小</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E8%BD%A8%E9%81%93" title="原子轨道">原子轨道</a>中电子间的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8E%A8%E6%96%A5%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="推斥作用（页面不存在）">推斥作用</a>等因素有关。 </p><p>电离能是原子的重要性质之一。 </p><p>游離能不像<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E4%BA%B2%E5%90%88%E8%83%BD" title="电子亲合能">電子親合能</a>有正值跟負值，游離能一定是正值（吸熱）。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="半导体"><span id=".E5.8D.8A.E5.AF.BC.E4.BD.93"></span>半导体</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB%E8%83%BD&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：半导体"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>对于<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93" title="半导体">半导体</a>来说，电离能即为将<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" title="电子">电子</a>从价带顶移到真空能级所需的最小能量 </p><p><i>I</i> = χ<sub>s</sub>+<i>E</i><sub>g</sub> </p><p>其中<i>I</i> 为电离能，χ<sub>s</sub>为<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E4%BA%B2%E5%90%88%E8%83%BD" title="电子亲合能">电子亲合能</a>，<i>E</i><sub>g</sub>为价带顶到导带底的能量差。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参見"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A6.8B"></span>参見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB%E8%83%BD&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：参見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB" title="电离">电离</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB%E5%BA%A6" title="电离度">电离度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB%E5%B8%B8%E6%95%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="电离常数">电离常数</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB%E8%83%BD%E8%A1%A8" title="电离能表">电离能表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%AD%A3%E5%BA%A6" title="電正度">電正度</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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