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class="vector-toc-text"> 1.1 Árpád Age </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Árpád_Age-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anjou_Age" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anjou_Age"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 Anjou Age </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anjou_Age-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_Age" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_Age"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 Modern Age </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_Age-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-war_Hungarian_communism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-war_Hungarian_communism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.4 Post-war Hungarian communism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-war_Hungarian_communism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transition_to_a_market_economy_(1990-1995)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transition_to_a_market_economy_(1990-1995)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5 Transition to a market economy (1990-1995) </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transition_to_a_market_economy_(1990-1995)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Privatization_in_Hungary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Privatization_in_Hungary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.6 Privatization in Hungary </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Privatization_in_Hungary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hungary's_economy_since_1995" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hungary's_economy_since_1995"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.7 Hungary's economy since 1995 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hungary's_economy_since_1995-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Great_Recession" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Great_Recession"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.8 Great Recession </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Great_Recession-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post_2008_recession_Hungarian_economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post_2008_recession_Hungarian_economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.9 Post 2008 recession Hungarian economy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post_2008_recession_Hungarian_economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hungarian_economy_during_and_after_the_covid_pandemic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hungarian_economy_during_and_after_the_covid_pandemic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.10 Hungarian economy during and after the covid pandemic </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hungarian_economy_during_and_after_the_covid_pandemic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Physical_properties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physical_properties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Physical properties </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Physical_properties-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Physical properties subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Physical_properties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Natural_resources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_resources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Natural resources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natural_resources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Infrastructure </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.1 Transport </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_utilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_utilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2.2 Public utilities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_utilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sectors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sectors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Sectors </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sectors-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Sectors subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Sectors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Agriculture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agriculture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Agriculture </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agriculture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Health care </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Industry </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Automobile_production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Automobile_production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3.1 Automobile production </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Automobile_production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 Services </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4.1 Tourism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Currency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Currency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Currency </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Currency-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Currency subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Currency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_fulfillment_of_the_Maastricht_criteria" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_fulfillment_of_the_Maastricht_criteria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 The fulfillment of the Maastricht criteria </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_fulfillment_of_the_Maastricht_criteria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Socioeconomic_characteristics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Socioeconomic_characteristics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Socioeconomic characteristics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Socioeconomic_characteristics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Socioeconomic characteristics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Socioeconomic_characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Human_capital" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human_capital"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Human capital </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Human_capital-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brain_drain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brain_drain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Brain drain </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brain_drain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_stratification" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_stratification"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Social stratification </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_stratification-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Institutional_quality" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Institutional_quality"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Institutional quality </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Institutional_quality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Unemployment_in_Hungary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unemployment_in_Hungary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Unemployment in Hungary </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unemployment_in_Hungary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_participation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_participation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 State participation </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-State_participation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle State participation subsection </button> <ul id="toc-State_participation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Monetary_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monetary_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 Monetary policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monetary_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fiscal_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fiscal_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 Fiscal policy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fiscal_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tax_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tax_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Tax system </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tax_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Miscellaneous_data" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Miscellaneous_data"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Miscellaneous data </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Miscellaneous_data-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 External relations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Economy of Hungary</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 33 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" > 33 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B1" title="اقتصاد المجر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اقتصاد المجر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Econom%C3%ADa_d%27Hungr%C3%ADa" title="Economía d'Hungría – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Economía d'Hungría" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Эканоміка Венгрыі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Эканоміка Венгрыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%92%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%88%D1%87%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Эканоміка Вугоршчыны – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Эканоміка Вугоршчыны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Стопанство на Унгария – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Стопанство на Унгария" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economia_d%27Hongria" title="Economia d'Hongria – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Economia d'Hongria" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekonomika_Ma%C4%8Farska" title="Ekonomika Maďarska – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ekonomika Maďarska" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirtschaft_Ungarns" title="Wirtschaft Ungarns – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wirtschaft Ungarns" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%B3%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Οικονομία της Ουγγαρίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Οικονομία της Ουγγαρίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Econom%C3%ADa_de_Hungr%C3%ADa" title="Economía de Hungría – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Economía de Hungría" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="اقتصاد مجارستان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اقتصاد مجارستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89conomie_de_la_Hongrie" title="Économie de la Hongrie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Économie de la Hongrie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Econom%C3%ADa_de_Hungr%C3%ADa" title="Economía de Hungría – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Economía de Hungría" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%9D%EA%B0%80%EB%A6%AC%EC%9D%98_%EA%B2%BD%EC%A0%9C" title="헝가리의 경제 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="헝가리의 경제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%BF%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Հունգարիայի տնտեսություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հունգարիայի տնտեսություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospodarstvo_Ma%C4%91arske" title="Gospodarstvo Mađarske – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gospodarstvo Mađarske" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekonomio_di_Hungaria" title="Ekonomio di Hungaria – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ekonomio di Hungaria" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekonomi_Hungaria" title="Ekonomi Hungaria – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ekonomi Hungaria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economia_dell%27Ungheria" title="Economia dell'Ungheria – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Economia dell'Ungheria" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekonomi_Hungary" title="Ekonomi Hungary – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ekonomi Hungary" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economia_da_Hungria" title="Economia da Hungria – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Economia da Hungria" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economia_Ungariei" title="Economia Ungariei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Economia Ungariei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Экономика Венгрии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Экономика Венгрии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekonomia_e_Hungaris%C3%AB" title="Ekonomia e Hungarisë – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ekonomia e Hungarisë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%92%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Привреда Мађарске – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Привреда Мађарске" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unkarin_talous" title="Unkarin talous – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Unkarin talous" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Economic_history_of_Hungary&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Economic history of Hungary">Economic history of Hungary</a>)</div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:26.0em;padding:0;"><caption class="infobox-title adr">Economy of Hungary</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed-hover" style="margin:0;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 123.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:ING-Bank-szekhaz-P2030395-lev-1000.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="NN headquarters in Budapest"><img alt="NN headquarters in Budapest" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/ING-Bank-szekhaz-P2030395-lev-1000.jpg/185px-ING-Bank-szekhaz-P2030395-lev-1000.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/ING-Bank-szekhaz-P2030395-lev-1000.jpg/278px-ING-Bank-szekhaz-P2030395-lev-1000.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/ING-Bank-szekhaz-P2030395-lev-1000.jpg/369px-ING-Bank-szekhaz-P2030395-lev-1000.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="753" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 104px"><div class="gallerytext">NN headquarters in Budapest</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 123.33333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Budapest_-_Business_district.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Danube towers in Budapest'S CBD"><img alt="Danube towers in Budapest'S CBD" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Budapest_-_Business_district.JPG/185px-Budapest_-_Business_district.JPG" decoding="async" width="124" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Budapest_-_Business_district.JPG/279px-Budapest_-_Business_district.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Budapest_-_Business_district.JPG/371px-Budapest_-_Business_district.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 104px"><div class="gallerytext">Danube towers in Budapest'S CBD</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 132.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 130.66666666667px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Richter-Gedeon-Nyrt-P5010610.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gedeon Richter R&D centre"><img alt="Gedeon Richter R&D centre" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Richter-Gedeon-Nyrt-P5010610.jpg/196px-Richter-Gedeon-Nyrt-P5010610.jpg" decoding="async" width="131" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Richter-Gedeon-Nyrt-P5010610.jpg/294px-Richter-Gedeon-Nyrt-P5010610.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Richter-Gedeon-Nyrt-P5010610.jpg/391px-Richter-Gedeon-Nyrt-P5010610.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="711" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 111px"><div class="gallerytext">Gedeon Richter R&D centre</div> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 71.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 69.333333333333px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Budapest_Szabadsag-ter_Bank_Center_0853.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Budapest Stock Exchange"><img alt="Budapest Stock Exchange" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Budapest_Szabadsag-ter_Bank_Center_0853.jpg/104px-Budapest_Szabadsag-ter_Bank_Center_0853.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Budapest_Szabadsag-ter_Bank_Center_0853.jpg/157px-Budapest_Szabadsag-ter_Bank_Center_0853.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Budapest_Szabadsag-ter_Bank_Center_0853.jpg/208px-Budapest_Szabadsag-ter_Bank_Center_0853.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="1000" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytextwrapper" style="width: 50px"><div class="gallerytext">Budapest Stock Exchange</div> </div> </li> </ul><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>, the <a href="/wiki/R%26D" class="mw-redirect" title="R&D">R&D</a> and <a href="/wiki/Financial_center" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial center">financial center</a> of Hungary</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_forint" title="Hungarian forint">Hungarian forint</a> (HUF)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Fiscal_year" title="Fiscal year">Fiscal year</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">Calendar year</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Trade organisations</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>, <a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development">OECD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asian_Infrastructure_Investment_Bank" title="Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank">AIIB</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">WTO</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Country group</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Developing_country" title="Developing country">Developing country</a><a href="#cite_note-devgroup-1">[1]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Bank_high-income_economy" title="World Bank high-income economy">High-income economy</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightblue;">Statistics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">9,994,993 (2024)<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> $223 billion (nominal, 2024)<a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOHU-4">[4]</a></li> <li><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> $438 billion (<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_Power_Parity" class="mw-redirect" title="Purchasing Power Parity">PPP</a>, 2024)<a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOHU-4">[4]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">GDP rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">56th (nominal, 2024)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">53rd (PPP, 2024)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">GDP growth</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>4.6% (2022)</li> <li>−0.9% (2023)</li> <li>2.2% (2024)<a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOHU-4">[4]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">GDP per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> $23,319 (nominal, 2024)<a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOHU-4">[4]</a></li> <li><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> $45,692 (PPP, 2024)<a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOHU-4">[4]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">GDP per capita rank</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">48th (nominal, 2024)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">43rd (PPP, 2024)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">GDP by sector</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Primary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Primary sector of the economy">agriculture</a>: 3.9%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Secondary sector of the economy">industry</a>: 31.3%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertiary_sector_of_the_economy" title="Tertiary sector of the economy">services</a>: 64.8%</li> <li>(2017)<a href="#cite_note-CIAHU-5">[5]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.2em"><a href="/wiki/Inflation" title="Inflation">Inflation</a> (<a href="/wiki/Consumer_price_index" title="Consumer price index">CPI</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>17.1% (2023)<a href="#cite_note-IMFWEOHU-4">[4]</a></li> <li>5.20% (2024)<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Bank_rate" title="Bank rate">Base borrowing rate</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">0.90%<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Population below <a href="/wiki/Poverty_threshold" title="Poverty threshold">poverty line</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>12.3% in poverty (2018)<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></li> <li>19.7% at risk of poverty or social exclusion (AROPE 2023)<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Gini_coefficient" title="Gini coefficient">Gini coefficient</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">29.0 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style>low (2023)<a href="#cite_note-eurogini-10">[10]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">Human Development Index</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 0.851 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494">very high (2022)<a href="#cite_note-huhdi-11">[11]</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of countries by Human Development Index">47th</a>)</li> <li><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 0.800 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494">very high <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_inequality-adjusted_HDI" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by inequality-adjusted HDI">IHDI (36th)</a> (2022)<a href="#cite_note-huhdi-11">[11]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Corruption_Perceptions_Index" title="Corruption Perceptions Index">Corruption Perceptions Index</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 42 out of 100 points (2023)<a href="#cite_note-ti_2023-12">[12]</a> (<a href="/wiki/Corruption_Perceptions_Index#Ranking_over_Time" title="Corruption Perceptions Index">76th</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Labour force</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>4,715,000 (2020)<a href="#cite_note-:0-13">[13]</a></li> <li><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 80.7% employment rate (2023)<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Labour force by occupation</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Services: 64.8%</li> <li>Industry: 21.4%</li> <li>Construction: 6.5%</li> <li>Agriculture: 4.8%</li> <li>Other: 2.7%</li> <li>(2016)<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Unemployment</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>7.8% (September 2021)<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></li> <li>15.0% youth unemployment (15 to 24 year-olds; September 2021)<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Average gross salary</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_countries_by_average_wage" title="List of European countries by average wage">€1,456</a> per month</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Net_income" title="Net income">Average net salary</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_countries_by_average_wage" title="List of European countries by average wage">€1,002</a> per month</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Main industries</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mining" title="Mining">mining</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metallurgy" title="Metallurgy">metallurgy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Construction_materials" class="mw-redirect" title="Construction materials">construction materials</a>, <a href="/wiki/Food_processing" title="Food processing">food processing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electronics" title="Electronics">electronics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Textiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Textiles">textiles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chemicals" class="mw-redirect" title="Chemicals">chemicals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pharmaceuticals" class="mw-redirect" title="Pharmaceuticals">pharmaceuticals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Motor_vehicle" title="Motor vehicle">motor vehicles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">information technology</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightblue;">External</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Exports</th><td class="infobox-data">$125.75 billion (2017)<a href="#cite_note-auto-18">[18]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Export goods</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>machinery and equipment: 53.5%</li> <li>other manufactures: 31.2%</li> <li>food products: 8.7%</li> <li>fuels and electricity: 3.9%</li> <li>raw materials: 3.4%</li> <li>(2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Main export partners</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Germany 27.7%</li> <li>Romania 5.4%</li> <li>Italy 5.1%</li> <li>Austria 5%</li> <li>Slovakia 4.8%</li> <li>France 4.4%</li> <li>Czech Republic 4.4%</li> <li>Poland 4.3%</li> <li>(2017)<a href="#cite_note-CIAHU-5">[5]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Imports</th><td class="infobox-data">$115.63 billion (2017)<a href="#cite_note-auto-18">[18]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Import goods</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>machinery and equipment: 45.4%</li> <li>other manufactures: 34.3%</li> <li>fuels and electricity: 12.6%</li> <li>food products: 5.3%</li> <li>raw materials: 2.5%</li> <li>(2012)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Main import partners</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Germany 26.2%</li> <li>Austria 6.3%</li> <li>China 5.9%</li> <li>Poland 5.5%</li> <li>Slovakia 5.3%</li> <li>Netherlands 5%</li> <li>Czech Republic 4.8%</li> <li>Italy 4.7%</li> <li>France 4%</li> <li>(2017)<a href="#cite_note-CIAHU-5">[5]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment" title="Foreign direct investment">FDI</a> stock</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>$290 billion (31 December 2017 est.)<a href="#cite_note-CIAHU-5">[5]</a></li> <li>Abroad: $212 billion (31 December 2017 est.)<a href="#cite_note-CIAHU-5">[5]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Current_account_(balance_of_payments)" title="Current account (balance of payments)">Current account</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">$4.39 billion (2017 est.)<a href="#cite_note-CIAHU-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Gross <a href="/wiki/External_debt" title="External debt">external debt</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">$138.1 billion (31 December 2017 est.)<a href="#cite_note-CIAHU-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:lightblue;">Public finances</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_government_debt" title="List of countries by government debt">Government debt</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>66.3% of GDP (2019)<a href="#cite_note-1st_Notif-19">[19]</a></li> <li>HUF 31.040 trillion (2019)<a href="#cite_note-1st_Notif-19">[19]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Government_budget_balance" title="Government budget balance">Budget balance</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>HUF 958.1 billion deficit (2019)<a href="#cite_note-1st_Notif-19">[19]</a></li> <li>−2.0% of GDP (2019)<a href="#cite_note-1st_Notif-19">[19]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenues</th><td class="infobox-data">44.0% of GDP (2019)<a href="#cite_note-1st_Notif-19">[19]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Expenses</th><td class="infobox-data">46.1% of GDP (2019)<a href="#cite_note-1st_Notif-19">[19]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Economic aid</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>€25.3 billion from <a href="/wiki/Regional_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Regional policy of the European Union">European Structural and Investment Funds</a> (2007–2013)<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></li> <li>€25 billion from <a href="/wiki/Regional_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Regional policy of the European Union">European Structural and Investment Funds</a> (2014–2020)<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_credit_rating" title="List of countries by credit rating">Credit rating</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Standard_%26_Poor%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard & Poor's">Standard & Poor's</a>:<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></li> <li>BBB</li> <li>Outlook: Stable</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moody%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Moody's">Moody's</a>:<a href="#cite_note-moodys-23">[23]</a></li> <li>Baa3</li> <li>Outlook: Stable</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitch_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Fitch Group">Fitch</a>:<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></li> <li>BBB</li> <li>Outlook: Stable</li> <li>Scope:<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></li> <li>BBB</li> <li>Outlook: Stable</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_exchange_reserves" title="Foreign exchange reserves">Foreign reserves</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">$28 billion (31 December 2017 est.)<a href="#cite_note-CIAHU-5">[5]</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="background:lightblue;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0; line-height:1.25em;padding:0.2em;"> All values, unless otherwise stated, are in <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US dollars</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> The economy of Hungary is a <a href="/wiki/Developing_country" title="Developing country">developing</a>,<a href="#cite_note-devgroup-1">[1]</a> <a href="/wiki/High-income_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="High-income economy">high-income</a> <a href="/wiki/Mixed_economy" title="Mixed economy">mixed economy</a> that is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">53rd-largest economy in the world</a> (out of 188 countries measured by <a href="/wiki/IMF" class="mw-redirect" title="IMF">IMF</a>) with $265.037 billion annual output,<a href="#cite_note-imf2-26">[26]</a> and ranks <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">41st in the world in terms of GDP per capita</a> measured by <a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">purchasing power parity</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> has a <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of countries by Human Development Index">very high human development index</a> and a skilled <a href="/wiki/Labour_force" class="mw-redirect" title="Labour force">labour force</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_income_equality" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by income equality">22nd lowest income inequality by Gini index</a> in the world. Hungary has an export-oriented <a href="/wiki/Market_economy" title="Market economy">market economy</a> with a heavy emphasis on <a href="/wiki/Foreign_trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign trade">foreign trade</a>; thus the country is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_exports" title="List of countries by exports">35th largest export economy</a> in the world. The country had more than $100 billion of exports in 2015, with a high <a href="/wiki/Balance_of_trade" title="Balance of trade">trade surplus</a> of $9.003 billion, of which 79% went to the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> (EU) and 21% was extra-EU trade.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> Hungary's productive capacity is more than 80% <a href="/wiki/Private_sector" title="Private sector">privately owned</a>, with <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_tax_revenue_as_percentage_of_GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by tax revenue as percentage of GDP">39.1% overall taxation</a>, which funds the country's <a href="/wiki/Welfare_state" title="Welfare state">welfare economy</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] On the expenditure side, <a href="/wiki/Household_consumption" class="mw-redirect" title="Household consumption">household consumption</a> is the main component of <a href="/wiki/GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="GDP">GDP</a> and accounts for 50% of its total, followed by gross fixed <a href="/wiki/Capital_formation" title="Capital formation">capital formation</a> with 22% and <a href="/wiki/Government_expenditure" class="mw-redirect" title="Government expenditure">government expenditure</a> with 20%.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> In 2015 Hungary attracted $119.8 billion in <a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment" title="Foreign direct investment">FDI</a> and invested more than $50 billion abroad.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> As of 2015, the key trading partners of Hungary were Germany, Austria, Romania, Slovakia, France, Italy, Poland and the Czech Republic.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> Major industries include food processing, pharmaceuticals, motor vehicles, information technology, chemicals, metallurgy, machinery, electrical goods, and tourism (in 2014 Hungary received 12.1 million international tourists).<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> Hungary is the largest electronics producer in <a href="/wiki/Central_and_Eastern_Europe" title="Central and Eastern Europe">Central and Eastern Europe</a>. <a href="/wiki/Electronics" title="Electronics">Electronics</a> manufacturing and research are among the main drivers of <a href="/wiki/Innovation" title="Innovation">innovation</a> and economic growth in the country. In the past 20 years Hungary has also grown into a major center for <a href="/wiki/Mobile_technology" title="Mobile technology">mobile technology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Information_security" title="Information security">information security</a>, and related hardware research.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Employment_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Employment rate">employment rate</a> in the economy was 68.7% in January 2017,<a href="#cite_note-ksh.hu-33">[33]</a> while the employment structure shows the characteristics of <a href="/wiki/Post-industrial_society" title="Post-industrial society">post-industrial economies</a>. An estimated 63.2% of the employed workforce work in the service sector, industry contributed by 29.7%, while agriculture employed 7.1%. The unemployment rate was 3.8% in September–November 2017,<a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-34">[34]</a> down from 11% during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Recession" title="Great Recession">Great Recession</a>. Hungary is part of the <a href="/wiki/European_Single_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="European Single Market">European Single Market</a> which represents more than 448 million consumers. Several domestic commercial policies are determined by agreements among European Union members and by EU legislation. Large <a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Hungary" title="List of companies of Hungary">Hungarian companies</a> are included in the <a href="/wiki/BUX" title="BUX">BUX</a>, the Hungarian stock market index listed on <a href="/wiki/Budapest_Stock_Exchange" title="Budapest Stock Exchange">Budapest Stock Exchange</a>. Well-known companies include <a href="/wiki/Graphisoft" title="Graphisoft">Graphisoft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magyar_Telekom" title="Magyar Telekom">Magyar Telekom</a>, <a href="/wiki/MKB_Bank" title="MKB Bank">MKB Bank</a>, <a href="/wiki/MOL_(company)" title="MOL (company)">MOL Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Opus_Global" title="Opus Global">Opus Global</a>, <a href="/wiki/OTP_Bank" title="OTP Bank">OTP Bank</a>, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A1ba_(company)" title="Rába (company)">RÁBA Automotive Group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gedeon_Richter_(company)" title="Gedeon Richter (company)">Gedeon Richter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zwack" title="Zwack">Zwack Unicum</a>. Hungary also has a large number of specialised <a href="/wiki/Small_and_medium_enterprise" class="mw-redirect" title="Small and medium enterprise">small and medium enterprises</a>, for example many automotive industry suppliers and technology <a href="/wiki/Startup_company" title="Startup company">start ups</a>.<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a> is the financial and business capital of Hungary. The capital is a significant economic hub, classified as an Alpha- <a href="/wiki/World_city" class="mw-redirect" title="World city">world city</a> in the study by the <a href="/wiki/Globalization_and_World_Cities_Research_Network" title="Globalization and World Cities Research Network">Globalization and World Cities Research Network</a> and it is the second fastest-developing <a href="/wiki/Urban_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban economy">urban economy</a> in Europe. The per capita GDP in the city increased by 2.4% and employment by 4.7% compared to the previous year, 2014.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> On the national level, Budapest is the <a href="/wiki/Primate_city" title="Primate city">primary city</a> of Hungary for business, accounting for 39% of the national income. The city had a <a href="/wiki/Gross_metropolitan_product" title="Gross metropolitan product">gross metropolitan product</a> of more than $100 billion in 2015, making it one of the largest regional economies in the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a>.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Budapest is also among the Top 100 GDP performing cities in the world, as measured by <a href="/wiki/PricewaterhouseCoopers" class="mw-redirect" title="PricewaterhouseCoopers">PricewaterhouseCoopers</a>. In a global city competitiveness ranking by the <a href="/wiki/Economist_Intelligence_Unit" title="Economist Intelligence Unit">Economist Intelligence Unit</a>, Budapest is ranked above <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Johannesburg" title="Johannesburg">Johannesburg</a>, among others.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> Hungary maintains its own currency, the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_forint" title="Hungarian forint">Hungarian forint</a> (HUF), although the economy fulfills the <a href="/wiki/Maastricht_criteria" class="mw-redirect" title="Maastricht criteria">Maastricht criteria</a> with the exception of public debt. The ratio of public debt to GDP is <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_public_debt" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by public debt">significantly below the EU average</a> at 66.4% in 2019. The <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_National_Bank" title="Hungarian National Bank">Hungarian National Bank</a> was founded in 1924, after the dissolution of the <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a>. It is currently focusing on price stability, with an inflation target of 3%.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_of_the_Hungarian_economy">History of the Hungarian economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History of the Hungarian economy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GPD_per_capita_development_of_Hungary.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/GPD_per_capita_development_of_Hungary.jpg/305px-GPD_per_capita_development_of_Hungary.jpg" decoding="async" width="305" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/GPD_per_capita_development_of_Hungary.jpg/458px-GPD_per_capita_development_of_Hungary.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/GPD_per_capita_development_of_Hungary.jpg/610px-GPD_per_capita_development_of_Hungary.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1019" data-file-height="647" /></a><figcaption>Real GDP per capita development of Hungary</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Árpád_Age">Árpád Age</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Árpád Age">edit</a>]</div> In the age of <a href="/wiki/Feudalism" title="Feudalism">feudalism</a> the key economic factor was land. The new economic and social orders created private ownership of land. There are three forms of existence[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>]: the royal, ecclesiastical and secular private estate. The royal estate of the <a href="/wiki/%C3%81rp%C3%A1d_dynasty" title="Árpád dynasty">Árpád dynasty</a> had evolved from the tribal lands.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>] The origin of the secular private holdings dates back to the conquest tribal common estates[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>], which are increasingly in charge of the society and grows over private ownership of the becoming leaders. However, from the founding of the state the royal gift also entered the multiplying factors secular private property line. This organization developed a feudal estate, which had two elements: the ancient estate and the possessions which were awarded by <a href="/wiki/Saint_Stephen_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Stephen I">Saint Stephen I</a>, and then the royal donations. <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_III_of_Hungary" title="Béla III of Hungary">Béla III</a> was the wealthiest European monarch of his time, according to <a href="/wiki/Income_register_of_B%C3%A9la_III_of_Hungary" title="Income register of Béla III of Hungary">a list of his revenues</a>, but the reliability of the list is questioned. Over the holder unrestricted right granted by the latter lineal heir almost returned to the king. In the Order of the laws changed in 1351, which abolished the nobility's possessions for free disposal. It forbidden the nobility to sale their inherited land. The <a href="/wiki/Carpathian_Basin" class="mw-redirect" title="Carpathian Basin">Carpathian Basin</a> was more suitable for agriculture than large livestock grazing, and therefore increased steadily in the former weight. In the 11th and 12th centuries natural farming and soil changer tillage systems met: grazing the animals, and they used the fertilized land until depletion. The most important tools for the agriculture were the plow and the ox. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anjou_Age">Anjou Age</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Anjou Age">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_Age">Modern Age</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Modern Age">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Berthold_Weiss_Canned_Foods.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Berthold_Weiss_Canned_Foods.jpg/250px-Berthold_Weiss_Canned_Foods.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Berthold_Weiss_Canned_Foods.jpg/375px-Berthold_Weiss_Canned_Foods.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Berthold_Weiss_Canned_Foods.jpg/500px-Berthold_Weiss_Canned_Foods.jpg 2x" data-file-width="936" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption>The Berthold and <a href="/wiki/Manfred_Weiss_Canned_Food_Factory" class="mw-redirect" title="Manfred Weiss Canned Food Factory">Manfred Weiss Canned Food Factory</a> (1880)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BKIK_%C3%A9p%C3%BClete.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/BKIK_%C3%A9p%C3%BClete.jpg/250px-BKIK_%C3%A9p%C3%BClete.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/BKIK_%C3%A9p%C3%BClete.jpg/375px-BKIK_%C3%A9p%C3%BClete.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/BKIK_%C3%A9p%C3%BClete.jpg/500px-BKIK_%C3%A9p%C3%BClete.jpg 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="421" /></a><figcaption>Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Budapest, beginning of the 20th century</figcaption></figure> The Hungarian economy prior to <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> was primarily oriented toward agriculture and small-scale manufacturing. Hungary's strategic position in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and its relative high lack of natural resources also have dictated a traditional reliance on foreign trade. For instance, its largest car manufacturer, <a href="/wiki/Magomobil" class="mw-redirect" title="Magomobil">Magomobil</a> (maker of the Magosix), produced a total of a few thousand units.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> In the early 1920s the textile industry began to expand rapidly, by 1928 it became the most important industry in the foreign trade of Hungary exporting textile goods worth more than 60 million pengős in that year. Companies like <a href="/wiki/M%C3%81VAG" title="MÁVAG">MÁVAG</a> exported locomotives to <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> and <a href="/wiki/South-America" class="mw-redirect" title="South-America">South-America</a>, its <a href="/wiki/M%C3%81V_Class_601" title="MÁV Class 601">locomotive no. 601</a> was the largest and most powerful in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> at the time. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-war_Hungarian_communism">Post-war Hungarian communism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Post-war Hungarian communism">edit</a>]</div> From the late 1940s, the <a href="/wiki/Communist" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist">Communist</a> government started to nationalize the industry. At first, only factories with more than 100 workers were nationalized; later, this limit was reduced to only 10. In the agriculture, the government started a successful program of <a href="/wiki/Collectivization_in_Hungary" title="Collectivization in Hungary">collectivization</a>. From the early 1950s, more and more new factories were built. This rapid and forced industrialization followed the standard <a href="/wiki/Stalinist" class="mw-redirect" title="Stalinist">Stalinist</a> pattern in an effort to encourage a more self-sufficient economy. Most economic activity was conducted by state-owned enterprises or cooperatives and state farms. In 1968, <a href="/wiki/Stalinist" class="mw-redirect" title="Stalinist">Stalinist</a> self-sufficiency was replaced by the "<a href="/wiki/New_Economic_Mechanism" title="New Economic Mechanism">New Economic Mechanism</a>", which reopened Hungary to foreign trade, gave limited freedom to the workings of the market, and allowed a limited number of small businesses to operate in the services sector. Although Hungary enjoyed one of the most liberal and economically advanced economies of the former <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a>, both agriculture and industry began to suffer from a lack of investment in the 1970s, and Hungary's net foreign debt rose significantly—from $1 billion in 1973 to $15 billion in 1993—due largely to consumer subsidies and unprofitable state enterprises. In the face of economic stagnation, Hungary opted to liberalize further by passing a joint venture law, instating an income tax, and joining the <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> (<a href="/wiki/IMF" class="mw-redirect" title="IMF">IMF</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a>. By 1988, Hungary had developed a <a href="/wiki/Two-tier_banking_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Two-tier banking system">two-tier banking system</a>, and had enacted significant corporate legislation that paved the way for the ambitious market-oriented reforms of the post-communist years. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transition_to_a_market_economy_(1990-1995)">Transition to a market economy (1990-1995)</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Transition to a market economy (1990-1995)">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ING-Bank-szekhaz-P2030395-lev-1000.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/ING-Bank-szekhaz-P2030395-lev-1000.jpg/220px-ING-Bank-szekhaz-P2030395-lev-1000.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/ING-Bank-szekhaz-P2030395-lev-1000.jpg/330px-ING-Bank-szekhaz-P2030395-lev-1000.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/ING-Bank-szekhaz-P2030395-lev-1000.jpg/440px-ING-Bank-szekhaz-P2030395-lev-1000.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="753" /></a><figcaption>ING headquarters in Budapest</figcaption></figure> After the fall of communism, the former Eastern Bloc had to transition from a one-party, centrally <a href="/wiki/Planned_economy" title="Planned economy">planned economy</a> to a market economy with a <a href="/wiki/Multi-party_system" title="Multi-party system">multi-party political system</a>. With the <a href="/wiki/Collapse_of_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Collapse of the Soviet Union">collapse of the Soviet Union</a>, the Eastern Bloc countries suffered a significant loss in both markets for goods, and subsidizing from the Soviet Union.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Hungary, for example, "lost nearly 70% of its export markets in Eastern and Central Europe." The loss of external markets in Hungary left "800,000 unemployed people because all the unprofitable and unsalvageable factories had been closed."<a href="#cite_note-es-45">[45]</a> Another form of Soviet subsidizing that greatly affected Hungary after the fall of communism was the loss of social welfare programs. Because of the lack of subsidies and a need to reduce expenditures, many social programs in Hungary had to be cut in an attempt to lower spending. As a result, many people in Hungary suffered incredible hardships during the transition to a market economy. Following <a href="/wiki/Privatization" title="Privatization">privatization</a> and tax reductions on Hungarian businesses, unemployment suddenly rose to 12% in 1991 (it was 1.7% in 1990 ), gradually decreasing until 2001. Economic growth, after a fall in 1991 to −11.9%, gradually grew until the end of the 1990s at an average annual rate of 4.2%. With the stabilization of the new market economy Hungary experienced growth in <a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment" title="Foreign direct investment">foreign investment</a>,<a href="#cite_note-megginson01-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-mihalyi01-47">[47]</a> with a "cumulative foreign direct investment totaling more than $60 billion since 1989."<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> The <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3zsef_Antall" title="József Antall">Antall</a> government of 1990–94 began market reforms with price and trade liberation measures, a revamped tax system, and a nascent market-based banking system. By 1994, however, the costs of government overspending and hesitant privatization had become clearly visible. Cuts in consumer subsidies led to increases in the price of food, medicine, transportation services, and energy. Reduced exports to the former Soviet bloc and shrinking industrial output contributed to a sharp decline in GDP. Unemployment rose rapidly to about 12% in 1993. The external debt burden, one of the highest in Europe, reached 250% of annual export earnings, while the budget and current account deficits approached 10% of GDP. The <a href="/wiki/Devaluation" title="Devaluation">devaluation</a> of the currency (in order to support exports), without effective stabilization measures, such as <a href="/wiki/Indexation" title="Indexation">indexation</a> of wages, provoked an extremely high inflation rate, that in 1991 reached 35% and slightly decreased until 1994, growing again in 1995. In March 1995, the government of Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Gyula_Horn" title="Gyula Horn">Gyula Horn</a> implemented an austerity program, coupled with aggressive privatization of state-owned enterprises and an export-promoting exchange raw regime, to reduce indebtedness, cut the current account deficit, and shrink public spending. By the end of 1997 the consolidated public sector deficit decreased to 4.6% of GDP—with public sector spending falling from 62% of GDP to below 50%—the current account deficit was reduced to 2% of GDP, and government debt was paid down to 94% of annual export earnings.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Megyeri_h%C3%ADd.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Megyeri_h%C3%ADd.jpg/220px-Megyeri_h%C3%ADd.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Megyeri_h%C3%ADd.jpg/330px-Megyeri_h%C3%ADd.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Megyeri_h%C3%ADd.jpg/440px-Megyeri_h%C3%ADd.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3471" data-file-height="2311" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Megyeri_Bridge" title="Megyeri Bridge">Megyeri Bridge</a></figcaption></figure> The Government of Hungary no longer requires IMF financial assistance and has repaid all of its debt to the fund. Consequently, Hungary enjoys favorable borrowing terms. Hungary's sovereign foreign currency debt issuance carries investment-grade ratings from all major credit-rating agencies, although recently the country was downgraded by Moody's, S&P and remains on negative outlook at Fitch. In 1995 Hungary's currency, the Forint (HUF), became convertible for all current account transactions, and subsequent to <a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</a> membership in 1996, for almost all capital account transactions as well. Since 1995, Hungary has pegged the forint against a basket of currencies (in which the U.S. dollar is 30%), and the central rate against the basket is devalued at a preannounced rate, originally set at 0.8% per month, the Forint is now an entirely free-floating currency. The government privatization program ended on schedule in 1998: 80% of GDP is now produced by the private sector,<a href="#cite_note-:0-13">[13]</a> and foreign owners control 70% of financial institutions, 66% of industry, 90% of telecommunications, and 50% of the trading sector.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:K%C5%91r%C3%B6shegy_l%C3%A9gifot%C3%B3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/K%C5%91r%C3%B6shegy_l%C3%A9gifot%C3%B3.jpg/220px-K%C5%91r%C3%B6shegy_l%C3%A9gifot%C3%B3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/K%C5%91r%C3%B6shegy_l%C3%A9gifot%C3%B3.jpg/330px-K%C5%91r%C3%B6shegy_l%C3%A9gifot%C3%B3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/K%C5%91r%C3%B6shegy_l%C3%A9gifot%C3%B3.jpg/440px-K%C5%91r%C3%B6shegy_l%C3%A9gifot%C3%B3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="322" /></a><figcaption>Kőröshegy Viaduct</figcaption></figure> After Hungary's GDP declined about 18% from 1990 to 1993 and grew only 1%–1.5% up to 1996, strong <a href="/wiki/Export_performance" title="Export performance">export performance</a> propelled GDP growth to 4.4% in 1997, with other macroeconomic indicators similarly improving. These successes allowed the government to concentrate in 1996 and 1997 on major structural reforms such as the implementation of a fully funded pension system (partly modelled after <a href="/wiki/Chile_pension_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Chile pension system">Chile's pension system</a> with major modifications), reform of higher education, and the creation of a national treasury. Remaining economic challenges include reducing fiscal deficits and inflation, maintaining stable external balances, and completing structural reforms of the tax system, health care, and local government financing. Recently, the overriding goal of Hungarian economic policy has been to prepare the country for entry into the European Union, which it joined in late 2004. Prior to the change of regime in 1989, 65% of Hungary's trade was with <a href="/wiki/Comecon" title="Comecon">Comecon</a> countries. By the end of 1997, Hungary had shifted much of its trade to the West. Trade with EU countries now comprises 80% of the total.<a href="#cite_note-:1-49">[49]</a> Germany is Hungary's single most important trading partner. The US has become Hungary's sixth-largest export market, while Hungary is ranked as the 72nd largest export market for the U.S. Bilateral trade between the two countries increased 46% in 1997 to more than $1 billion. The U.S. has extended to Hungary most-favored-nation status, the Generalized System of Preferences, Overseas Private Investment Corporation insurance, and access to the <a href="/wiki/Export-Import_Bank_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Export-Import Bank of the United States">Export-Import Bank</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] With about $18 billion in foreign direct investment (FDI) since 1989, Hungary has attracted over one-third of all FDI in central and eastern Europe, including the former Soviet Union. Of this, about $6 billion came from American companies. Foreign capital is attracted by skilled and relatively inexpensive labor, tax incentives, modern infrastructure, and a good telecommunications system.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] By 2006 Hungary's economic outlook had deteriorated. Wage growth had kept up with other nations in the region; however, this growth has largely been driven by increased government spending. This resulted in the budget deficit ballooning to over 10% of GDP and inflation rates predicted to exceed 6%. <a href="/wiki/Roubini" class="mw-redirect" title="Roubini">Nouriel Roubini</a>, an economist in the Clinton administration, said that "Hungary is an accident waiting to happen."<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Privatization_in_Hungary">Privatization in Hungary</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Privatization in Hungary">edit</a>]</div> In January 1990, the State Privatization Agency (SPA, Állami Vagyonügynökség) was established to manage the first steps of <a href="/wiki/Privatization" title="Privatization">privatization</a>. Because of Hungary's $21.2 billion <a href="/wiki/Foreign_debt" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign debt">foreign debt</a>, the government decided to sell state property instead of distributing it to the people for free.<a href="#cite_note-3541privatization_in_hun-51">[51]</a> The SPA was attacked by populist groups because several companies' management had the right to find buyers and discuss sale terms with them thus "stealing" the company. Another reason for discontent was that the state offered large tax subsidies and environmental investments, which sometimes cost more than the selling price of the company. Along with the acquisition of companies, foreign investors launched many "greenfield investments".<a href="#cite_note-3541privatization_in_hun-51">[51]</a> The center-right <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Democratic_Forum" title="Hungarian Democratic Forum">Hungarian Democratic Forum</a> government of 1990–1994 decided to abolish agricultural co-operatives by splitting them up and giving machinery and land to their former members.<a href="#cite_note-3458strucutural_problems-52">[52]</a> The government also introduced a Recompensation Law which offered vouchers to people who had owned land before it was nationalized in 1948. These people (or their descendants) could exchange their vouchers for land previously owned by agricultural co-operatives, who were forced to give up some of their land for this purpose.<a href="#cite_note-3458strucutural_problems-52">[52]</a> Small stores and retail businesses were privatized between 1990 and 1994, however, <a href="/wiki/Greenfield_investment" class="mw-redirect" title="Greenfield investment">greenfield investments</a> by foreign retail companies like <a href="/wiki/Tesco" title="Tesco">Tesco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cora_(hypermarket)" title="Cora (hypermarket)">Cora</a> and <a href="/wiki/IKEA" title="IKEA">IKEA</a> had a much bigger economic impact.<a href="#cite_note-3541privatization_in_hun-51">[51]</a> Many public utilities, including the national telecommunications company <a href="/wiki/Magyar_Telekom" title="Magyar Telekom">Matáv</a>, the national oil and gas conglomerate <a href="/wiki/MOL_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="MOL Group">MOL Group</a>, and electricity supply and production company <a href="/wiki/MVM_Group" title="MVM Group">MVM Group</a> were privatized as well.<a href="#cite_note-4991privatisation_in_hun-53">[53]</a> Though most banks were sold to foreign investors, the largest bank, <a href="/wiki/OTP_Bank" title="OTP Bank">National Savings Bank (OTP)</a>, remained Hungarian-owned. 20%–20% of the shares were sold to foreign institutional investors and given to the Social Security organizations, 5% were bought by employees, and 8% was offered at the <a href="/wiki/Budapest_Stock_Exchange" title="Budapest Stock Exchange">Budapest Stock Exchange</a>.<a href="#cite_note-5955political_economy_of-54">[54]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hungary's_economy_since_1995">Hungary's economy since 1995</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Hungary's economy since 1995">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Last update: GDP charts only go to 2010 (July 2022)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gdp_inflation_activepopulation_hungary.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Chart showing GDP growth, inflation, and active population in Hungary 1990–2010." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gdp_inflation_activepopulation_hungary.png/180px-Gdp_inflation_activepopulation_hungary.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gdp_inflation_activepopulation_hungary.png/270px-Gdp_inflation_activepopulation_hungary.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Gdp_inflation_activepopulation_hungary.png/360px-Gdp_inflation_activepopulation_hungary.png 2x" data-file-width="603" data-file-height="353" /></a><figcaption>GDP growth, inflation, and active population in Hungary 1990–2010</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gdppercapita_hungary.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Chart showing GDP per capita in USD at 2000 market prices in Hungary 1991–2010." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Gdppercapita_hungary.png/180px-Gdppercapita_hungary.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Gdppercapita_hungary.png/270px-Gdppercapita_hungary.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Gdppercapita_hungary.png/360px-Gdppercapita_hungary.png 2x" data-file-width="603" data-file-height="353" /></a><figcaption>GDP per capita in USD at 2000 market prices in Hungary 1991–2010</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EXCEL_2020-09-14_20-16-50.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="General government gross debt in the Czech Republic, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Slovakia, EU27, and the Euro zone." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/EXCEL_2020-09-14_20-16-50.png/180px-EXCEL_2020-09-14_20-16-50.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/EXCEL_2020-09-14_20-16-50.png/270px-EXCEL_2020-09-14_20-16-50.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/EXCEL_2020-09-14_20-16-50.png/360px-EXCEL_2020-09-14_20-16-50.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="736" /></a><figcaption>General government gross debt in Hungary amongst other countries and the EU</figcaption></figure> Reaching 1995, Hungary's fiscal indices deteriorated: foreign investment fell as well as judgement of foreign analysts on economic outlook.<a href="#cite_note-bokrosinterview-55">[55]</a> Due to high demand in import goods, Hungary also had a high trade deficit<a href="#cite_note-exttrade-56">[56]</a> and budget gap, and it could not reach an agreement with the <a href="/wiki/IMF" class="mw-redirect" title="IMF">IMF</a>, either.<a href="#cite_note-bokrosinterview-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-vg_hu-57">[57]</a> After not having a <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_finance" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of finance">minister of finance</a> for more than a month, prime minister <a href="/wiki/Gyula_Horn" title="Gyula Horn">Gyula Horn</a> appointed <a href="/wiki/Lajos_Bokros" title="Lajos Bokros">Lajos Bokros</a> as Finance Minister on 1 March 1995. He introduced a string of austerity measures (the "<a href="/wiki/Bokros_package" title="Bokros package">Bokros Package</a>") on 12 March 1995 which had the following key points: one-time 9% devaluation of the forint, introducing a constant sliding devaluation, 8% additional customs duty on all goods except for energy sources, limitation of growth of wages in the public sector, simplified and accelerated privatization. The package also included welfare cutbacks, including abolition of free higher education and dental service; reduced family allowances, child-care benefits, and maternity payments depending on income and wealth; lowering subsidies of pharmaceuticals, and raising retirement age. These reforms not only increased investor confidence,<a href="#cite_note-usgovcikk-58">[58]</a> but they were also supported by the IMF and the World Bank,<a href="#cite_note-konyv-59">[59]</a> however, they were not welcome widely by the Hungarians; Bokros broke the negative record of popularity: 9% of the population wanted to see him in an "important political position"<a href="#cite_note-median_bokros-60">[60]</a> and only 4% were convinced that the reforms would "improve the country's finances in a big way"<a href="#cite_note-bokrosinterview-55">[55]</a> In 1996, the Ministry of Finance introduced a new pension system instead of the fully state-backed one: private pension savings accounts were introduced, which were 50% social security based and 50% funded.<a href="#cite_note-konyv-59">[59]</a> In 2006 Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Ferenc_Gyurcs%C3%A1ny" title="Ferenc Gyurcsány">Ferenc Gyurcsány</a> was reelected on a platform promising economic "reform without austerity". However, after the elections in April 2006, the Socialist coalition under Gyurcsány unveiled a package of austerity measures which were designed to reduce the budget deficit to 3% of GDP by 2008.<a href="#cite_note-:2-61">[61]</a> Because of the austerity program, the economy of Hungary slowed down in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-:2-61">[61]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Great_Recession">Great Recession</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Great Recession">edit</a>]</div> Declining exports, reduced domestic consumption and fixed asset accumulation affected Hungary during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Recession" title="Great Recession">Great Recession</a>, making the country enter a severe recession of −6.4%, one of the worst economic contractions in its history. On 27 October 2008, Hungary reached an agreement with the <a href="/wiki/IMF" class="mw-redirect" title="IMF">IMF</a> and <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">EU</a> for a rescue package of US$25 billion, aiming to restore financial stability and investors' confidence.<a href="#cite_note-8078hungary_receives_res-62">[62]</a> Because of the uncertainty of the crisis, banks gave less loans which led to a decrease in investment. This along with price-awareness and fear of bankruptcy led to a fallback in consumption which then increased job losses and decreased consumption even further. Inflation did not rise significantly, but real wages decreased.<a href="#cite_note-7679economy_and_society_-63">[63]</a> The fact that the euro and the Swiss franc are worth a lot more in forints than they were before affected a lot of people. According to The Daily Telegraph, "statistics show that more than 60 percent of Hungarian mortgages and car loans are denominated in foreign currencies".<a href="#cite_note-9940global_financial_cri-64">[64]</a> After the election in 2010 of the new <a href="/wiki/Fidesz" title="Fidesz">Fidesz</a>-party government of Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Viktor Orbán</a>, Hungarian banks were forced to allow the conversion of foreign-currency mortgages to the forint.<a href="#cite_note-bloomberg-20111230-65">[65]</a> The new government also nationalized $13 billion of private pension-fund assets, which could then be used to support the government debt position.<a href="#cite_note-bloomberg-20111222-66">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post_2008_recession_Hungarian_economy">Post 2008 recession Hungarian economy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Post 2008 recession Hungarian economy">edit</a>]</div> The economy showed signs of recovery in 2011 with decreasing tax rates and a moderate 1.7 percent GDP growth.<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> From November 2011 to January 2012, all three major <a href="/wiki/Credit_rating_agency" title="Credit rating agency">credit rating agencies</a> downgraded Hungarian debt to a non-investment speculative grade, commonly called "junk status".<a href="#cite_note-bbc-20111222-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-guardian-20111225-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc-20120106-70">[70]</a> In part this is because of political changes creating doubts about the independence of the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_National_Bank" title="Hungarian National Bank">Hungarian National Bank</a>.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-bbc-20111222-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-guardian-20111225-69">[69]</a> European Commission President <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Barroso" title="José Manuel Barroso">José Manuel Barroso</a> wrote to Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Viktor Orbán</a> stating that new central bank regulations, allowing political intervention, "seriously harm" Hungary's interests, postponing talks on a financial aid package. Orbán responded "If we don't reach an agreement, we'll still stand on our own feet."<a href="#cite_note-bloomberg-20111230-65">[65]</a> The <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> launched legal proceedings against Hungary on 17 January 2012. The procedures concern Hungary's <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_National_Bank" title="Hungarian National Bank">central bank law</a>, the retirement age for judges and prosecutors and the independence of the data protection office, respectively.<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> One day later Orbán indicated in a letter his willingness to find solutions to the problems raised in the infringement proceedings.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> On 18 January he participated in plenary session of the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> which also dealt with the Hungarian case. He said "Hungary has been renewed and reorganised under European principles". He also said that the problems raised by the European Union can be resolved "easily, simply and very quickly". He added that none of the EC's objections affected Hungary's new constitution.<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> Following the mild recession of 2012, the GDP picked up again from 2014, and based on the commission's Winter 2015 forecast it was projected to have accelerated to 3.3%. The more dynamic economic performance attributed to a moderately growing domestic demand and supported the growth of gross fixed capital formation. The surge (3.8% in the first half of 2014), however was only achieved via temporary measures and factors, such as the stepped-up absorption of EU-funds and the central bank's Funding for Growth Scheme, which subsidised loans for small-and medium-sized enterprises.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> The fundaments of growth didn't considerably change in 2015 as well – the government supported EU-fund transfers along with the moderately successful central bank loans of economic revitalization – fueled the fair GDP growth. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hungarian_economy_during_and_after_the_covid_pandemic">Hungarian economy during and after the covid pandemic</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Hungarian economy during and after the covid pandemic">edit</a>]</div> The Hungarian GDP, GDP per capita, living standards and wages have been steadily rising until the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, when just like the rest of Europe, the stats above tanked. GDP fell to $155 Billion, GDP PPP has fallen to $322 Billion, GDP per capita to $15,855, inflation slightly rose to 4.54%. National debt rose considerably, to around 80% Debt-to-GDP from the previous 60–65%. The country was hard hit, unemployment was also higher than average until 2021 when after the lockdowns have stopped. The GDP, GDP per capita, GDP PPP, unemployment and national debt have all recovered to and beyond their pre-covid values.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] On the other hand, <a href="/wiki/Inflation" title="Inflation">inflation</a> has risen to the record levels, reaching 24.5% in December 2022, being the highest in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Physical_properties">Physical properties</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Physical properties">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natural_resources">Natural resources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Natural resources">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Hungary" title="Geography of Hungary">Geography of Hungary</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hungary_topographic_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Hungary_topographic_map.jpg/220px-Hungary_topographic_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Hungary_topographic_map.jpg/330px-Hungary_topographic_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Hungary_topographic_map.jpg/440px-Hungary_topographic_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="912" data-file-height="626" /></a><figcaption>Topographic map of Hungary</figcaption></figure> Hungary's total land area is 93,030 km2 along with 690 km2 of water surface area which altogether makes up 1% of Europe's area. Nearly 75% of Hungary's landscape consists of flat plains. Additional 20% of the country's area consists of foothills whose altitude is 400 m at the most; higher hills and water surface makes up the remaining 5%. The two flat plains that take up three-quarters of Hungary's area are the <a href="/wiki/Great_Hungarian_Plain" title="Great Hungarian Plain">Great Hungarian Plain</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Little_Hungarian_Plain" title="Little Hungarian Plain">Little Hungarian Plain</a>. Hungary's most significant natural resource is arable land. About 83% of the country's total territory is suitable for cultivation;<a href="#cite_note-6601the_hungarian_agricu-79">[79]</a> of this portion, 75% (around 50% of the country's area) is covered by arable land, which is an outstanding ratio compared to other EU countries.<a href="#cite_note-6601the_hungarian_agricu-79">[79]</a> Hungary lacks extensive domestic sources of energy and raw materials needed for further industrial development. 19% of the country is covered by forests. These are located mainly in the foothills such as the <a href="/wiki/North_Hungarian_Mountains" title="North Hungarian Mountains">North Hungarian</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Transdanubian_Mountains" title="Transdanubian Mountains">Transdanubian Mountains</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Alpokalja" title="Alpokalja">Alpokalja</a>. The composition of forests is various; mostly oak or beech, but the rest include fir, willow, acacia and plane. <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Medicinal_Bath_H%C3%A9v%C3%ADz_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Medicinal_Bath_H%C3%A9v%C3%ADz_01.jpg/180px-Medicinal_Bath_H%C3%A9v%C3%ADz_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Medicinal_Bath_H%C3%A9v%C3%ADz_01.jpg/270px-Medicinal_Bath_H%C3%A9v%C3%ADz_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Medicinal_Bath_H%C3%A9v%C3%ADz_01.jpg/360px-Medicinal_Bath_H%C3%A9v%C3%ADz_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1006" data-file-height="728" /></a><figcaption>Medicinal bath in <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9v%C3%ADz" title="Hévíz">Hévíz</a></figcaption></figure> In European terms, Hungary's underground water reserve is one of the largest. Hence the country is rich in brooks and hot springs as well as medicinal springs and spas; as of 2003, there are 1250 springs that provide water warmer than 30 °C.<a href="#cite_note-6827a_h_v_zfelt_r_s_te-80">[80]</a> 90% of Hungary's drinking water is mostly retrieved from such sources.<a href="#cite_note-6435magyarorsz_g_term_sz-81">[81]</a> The major rivers of Hungary are the <a href="/wiki/Danube" title="Danube">Danube</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Tisza" title="Tisza">Tisza</a>. The Danube also flows through parts of <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a>. It is navigable within Hungary for 418 km. The Tisza River is navigable for 444 km in the country. Hungary has three major lakes. <a href="/wiki/Lake_Balaton" title="Lake Balaton">Lake Balaton</a>, the largest, is 78 km long and from 3 to 14 km wide, with an area of 592 km2. Lake Balaton is Central Europe's largest lake and a prosperous tourist spot and recreation area. Its shallow waters offer summer bathing and during the winter its frozen surface provides facilities for winter sports. Smaller bodies of water include <a href="/wiki/Lake_Velence" title="Lake Velence">Lake Velence</a> (26 km2) in Fejér County and <a href="/wiki/Lake_Fert%C5%91" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Fertő">Lake Fertő</a> (82 km2 within Hungary). The waters of the country are in danger, since more water is going out of the county than in. In 2022, a severe drought which has impacted all of Europe is endangering among others, Lake Velence, Lake Balaton, the Danube and Tisza rivers. The flow of the aforementioned rivers have been modified in the late 19th century, and while it prevented larger floods and helped water transport, it has its downsides, such as the inability to support large-scale watering of crops, worsening the drought of 2022. Large-scale reforms and rebuilding of the Alföld water system is needed, but no such plans are being announced by the government as of 2022. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Infrastructure">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Transport">Transport</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Transport">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hungarian_motorway_constructions.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Hungarian_motorway_constructions.png/180px-Hungarian_motorway_constructions.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Hungarian_motorway_constructions.png/270px-Hungarian_motorway_constructions.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Hungarian_motorway_constructions.png/360px-Hungarian_motorway_constructions.png 2x" data-file-width="582" data-file-height="353" /></a><figcaption>Total length of <a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Motorways in Hungary">motorways in Hungary</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Hungary" title="Transport in Hungary">Transport in Hungary</a></div> Hungary has 31,058 km of roads and <a href="/wiki/Motorways_in_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Motorways in Hungary">motorways</a> of 1,118 km. The total length of motorways has doubled in the last ten years with the most (106) kilometers built in 2006. Budapest is directly connected to the <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austrian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romanian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbian</a> borders via motorways. Due to its location and geographical features, several transport corridors cross Hungary. <a href="/wiki/Pan-European_corridors" title="Pan-European corridors">Pan-European corridors</a> no. IV, V, and <a href="/wiki/Pan-European_Corridor_X" title="Pan-European Corridor X">X</a>, and European routes no. <a href="/wiki/European_route_E60" title="European route E60">E60</a>, <a href="/wiki/European_route_E71" title="European route E71">E71</a>, <a href="/wiki/European_route_E73" title="European route E73">E73</a>, <a href="/wiki/European_route_E75" title="European route E75">E75</a>, and <a href="/wiki/European_route_E77" title="European route E77">E77</a> go through Hungary. Thanks to its radial road system, all of these routes touch <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Budapest_Ferihegy_2A_LHBP.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Budapest_Ferihegy_2A_LHBP.JPG/220px-Budapest_Ferihegy_2A_LHBP.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Budapest_Ferihegy_2A_LHBP.JPG/330px-Budapest_Ferihegy_2A_LHBP.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Budapest_Ferihegy_2A_LHBP.JPG/440px-Budapest_Ferihegy_2A_LHBP.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Ferenc Liszt Airport</figcaption></figure> There are five international, four domestic, four military and several non-public <a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_Hungary" title="List of airports in Hungary">airports in Hungary</a>. The largest airport is the <a href="/wiki/Budapest_Ferihegy_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Budapest Ferihegy International Airport">Budapest Ferihegy International Airport</a> (BUD) located at the southeastern border of Budapest. In 2008, the airport had 3,866,452 arriving and 3,970,951 departing passengers.<a href="#cite_note-2474traffic_of_budapest_-82">[82]</a> In 2006, the Hungarian railroad system was 7,685 km long, 2,791 km of it electrified. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Public_utilities">Public utilities</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Public utilities">edit</a>]</div> Electricity is available in every settlement in Hungary. <a href="/wiki/Pipeline_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipeline transport">Piped gas</a> is available in 2873 settlements, 91.1% of all of them.<a href="#cite_note-4993t_bb_villamosenergi_-83">[83]</a> To avoid gas shortages due to <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukrainian</a> pipeline shutdowns like the one in January 2009,<a href="#cite_note-2986hungary_receives_no_-84">[84]</a> Hungary participates both in the <a href="/wiki/Nabucco_pipeline" title="Nabucco pipeline">Nabucco</a> and the <a href="/wiki/South_Stream" title="South Stream">South Stream</a> gas pipeline projects. Hungary also has strategical gas reserves: the latest reserve of 1.2 billion cubic meters was opened in October 2009.<a href="#cite_note-2699_tadt_k_a_biztons_gi-85">[85]</a> In 2008, 94.9% of households had running water.<a href="#cite_note-1756settlements_and_dwel-86">[86]</a> Though it is the responsibility of municipal governments to provide people with healthy water supply,<a href="#cite_note-6312hungarian_national_w-87">[87]</a> the Hungarian government and the European Union offer subsidies to those who wish to develop <a href="/wiki/Water_supply" title="Water supply">water supplies</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sewage_collection_and_disposal" class="mw-redirect" title="Sewage collection and disposal">sewage systems</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8547hungary_water_was-88">[88]</a> Partly because of these subsidies, 71.3% of all dwellings are connected to the sewage system, up from 50,1% in 2000.<a href="#cite_note-9132settlements_and_dwel-89">[89]</a> Internet penetration has been rising significantly over the past few years: the ratio of households having an internet connection has risen from 22.1% (49% of which was broadband) in 2005 to 48.4% (87.3% of which was broadband) in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-2830ict_usage_in_househo-90">[90]</a> The Ministry of Economy and Transport introduced the eHungary program in 2004 aiming to provide every person in Hungary with internet access by setting up "eHungary points" in public spaces like libraries, schools and cultural centers.<a href="#cite_note-9054ehungary_program_-91">[91]</a> The program also includes "the introduction of the eCounsellor network – a service through which professionals provide assistance for citizens in the effective usage of electronic information, services and knowledge".<a href="#cite_note-7428ehungary-92">[92]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sectors">Sectors</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Sectors">edit</a>]</div> In 2022, the sector with the highest number of companies registered in Hungary is Services with 273,851 companies followed by Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate and Retail Trade with 113,153 and 87,237 companies respectively.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agriculture">Agriculture</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Agriculture">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tokaj_vineyard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Tokaj_vineyard.jpg/180px-Tokaj_vineyard.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Tokaj_vineyard.jpg/270px-Tokaj_vineyard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Tokaj_vineyard.jpg/360px-Tokaj_vineyard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3488" data-file-height="2616" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tokaj-Hegyalja" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokaj-Hegyalja">Tokaj</a> vineyard with ripening grapes</figcaption></figure> Agriculture accounted for 4.3% of GDP in 2008<a href="#cite_note-1404value_and_distributi-94">[94]</a> and along with the food industry occupied roughly 7.7% of the labor force.<a href="#cite_note-7495number_of_employed_p-95">[95]</a> These two figures represent only the primary agricultural production: along with related businesses, agriculture makes up about 13% of the GDP.<a href="#cite_note-6601the_hungarian_agricu-79">[79]</a> Hungarian agriculture is virtually self-sufficient and due to traditional reasons export-oriented:<a href="#cite_note-6601the_hungarian_agricu-79">[79]</a> exports related to agriculture make up 20–25% of the total. About half of Hungary's total land area is agricultural area under cultivation; this ratio is prominent among other EU members.<a href="#cite_note-6601the_hungarian_agricu-79">[79]</a> This is due to the country's favorable conditions including <a href="/wiki/Continental_climate" title="Continental climate">continental climate</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Great_Hungarian_Plain" title="Great Hungarian Plain">plains</a> that make up about half of Hungary's landscape. The most important crops are wheat, corn, sunflower, potato, sugar beet, canola and a wide variety of fruits (notably apple, peach, pear, grape, watermelon, plum etc.). Hungary has <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_wine" title="Hungarian wine">several wine regions</a> producing among others the worldwide famous white dessert wine <a href="/wiki/Tokaji" title="Tokaji">Tokaji</a> and the red <a href="/wiki/Bulls_Blood" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulls Blood">Bull's Blood</a>. Another traditional world-famous alcoholic drink is the fruit brandy <a href="/wiki/Palinka" class="mw-redirect" title="Palinka">pálinka</a>. Mainly cattle, pigs, poultry and sheep are raised in the country. The livestock includes the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Grey_Cattle" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Grey Cattle">Hungarian Grey Cattle</a> which is a major tourist attraction in the <a href="/wiki/Hortob%C3%A1gy_National_Park" title="Hortobágy National Park">Hortobágy National Park</a>. An important component of the country's gastronomic heritage is <a href="/wiki/Foie_gras" title="Foie gras">foie gras</a> with about 33,000 farmers engaged in the industry. Hungary is the second largest world producer and the biggest exporter of foie gras (exporting mainly to <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>). Another symbol of Hungarian agriculture and cuisine is the <a href="/wiki/Paprika" title="Paprika">paprika</a> (both sweet and hot types). The country is one of the leading paprika producers of the world with <a href="/wiki/Szeged" title="Szeged">Szeged</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kalocsa" title="Kalocsa">Kalocsa</a> being the centres of production. Hungary produced, in 2018, 7.9 million tons of <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">maize</a> (15th largest producer in the world); 5.2 million tons of <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a>; 1.8 million tons of <a href="/wiki/Sunflower_seed" title="Sunflower seed">sunflower seed</a> (8th largest producer in the world); 1.1 million tons of <a href="/wiki/Barley" title="Barley">barley</a>; 1 million tons of <a href="/wiki/Rapeseed" title="Rapeseed">rapeseed</a> (14th largest producer in the world); 941 thousand tons of <a href="/wiki/Sugar_beet" title="Sugar beet">sugar beet</a>, which is used to produce <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">ethanol</a>; 674 thousand tons of <a href="/wiki/Apple" title="Apple">apple</a>; 539 thousand tons of <a href="/wiki/Grape" title="Grape">grape</a>; 330 thousand tons of <a href="/wiki/Potato" title="Potato">potato</a>; 330 thousand tons of <a href="/wiki/Triticale" title="Triticale">triticale</a>; in addition to smaller productions of other agricultural products.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_care">Health care</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Health care">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Hungary" title="Healthcare in Hungary">Healthcare in Hungary</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Total_health_expenditure_as_a_Percentage_of_GDP_(2005-2008).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Total_health_expenditure_as_a_Percentage_of_GDP_%282005-2008%29.JPG/350px-Total_health_expenditure_as_a_Percentage_of_GDP_%282005-2008%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="350" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Total_health_expenditure_as_a_Percentage_of_GDP_%282005-2008%29.JPG/525px-Total_health_expenditure_as_a_Percentage_of_GDP_%282005-2008%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6f/Total_health_expenditure_as_a_Percentage_of_GDP_%282005-2008%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="566" data-file-height="376" /></a><figcaption>Total health spending as a percentage of GDP for Hungary compared amongst various other first world nations from 2005 to 2008</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> has a tax-funded <a href="/wiki/Universal_health_care" title="Universal health care">universal healthcare system</a>, organized by the state-owned National Healthcare Fund (<a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian</a>: Országos Egészségbiztosítási Pénztár (OEP)). Health insurance is not directly paid for by children, mothers or fathers with baby, students, <a href="/wiki/Pensioner" title="Pensioner">pensioners</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poverty" title="Poverty">people with socially poor background</a>, <a href="/wiki/Disability" title="Disability">handicapped people</a> (including physical and mental disorders),<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> <a href="/wiki/Priest" title="Priest">priests</a> and other church employees.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> Health in Hungary can be described with a rapidly growing <a href="/wiki/Life_expectancy" title="Life expectancy">life expectancy</a> and a very low <a href="/wiki/Infant_mortality_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Infant mortality rate">infant mortality rate</a> (4.9 per 1,000 <a href="/wiki/Live_birth_(human)" title="Live birth (human)">live births</a> in 2012).<a href="#cite_note-KSH-99">[99]</a> Hungary spent 7.4% of the GDP on health care in 2009 (it was 7.0% in 2000), lower than the average of the <a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">OECD</a>. Total health expenditure was 1,511 US$ per capita in 2009, 1,053 US$ governmental-fund (69.7%) and 458 US$ private-fund (30.3%)<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> but has now risen to 2047 US$ per capita (as per 2018 data), roughly a 33% increase total, with the government funding 1439 US$ (70.3%) of the total versus the private funding 608 US$ (29.7%).<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> This amount totals to 6.6% of the country's total GDP, roughly a percent decrease overall.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industry">Industry</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Industry">edit</a>]</div> The main sectors of Hungarian industry are heavy industry (mining, metallurgy, machine and steel production), energy production, mechanical engineering, chemicals, food industry and automobile production. The industry is leaning mainly on processing industry and (including construction) accounted for 29.32% of GDP in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-8704elemz_i_reakci_k_az_-103">[103]</a> Due to the sparse energy and raw material resources, Hungary is forced to import most of these materials to satisfy the demands of the industry. Following the transition to market economy, the industry underwent restructuring and remarkable modernization. The leading industry is machinery, followed by chemical industry (plastic production, <a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical" class="mw-redirect" title="Pharmaceutical">pharmaceuticals</a>), while mining, <a href="/wiki/Metallurgy" title="Metallurgy">metallurgy</a> and textile industry seemed to be losing importance in the past two decades. In spite of the significant drop in the last decade, food industry is still giving up to 14% of total industrial production and amounts to 7–8% of the country's exports.<a href="#cite_note-6904food_industry-104">[104]</a> Nearly 50% of energy consumption is dependent on imported energy sources. Gas and oil are transported through pipelines from Russia forming 72% of the energy structure, while nuclear power produced by the <a href="/wiki/Paks_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Paks Nuclear Power Plant">nuclear power station of Paks</a> accounts for 53,6%. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Automobile_production">Automobile production</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Automobile production">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Audi_TT_Gy%C3%B6r.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Audi_TT_Gy%C3%B6r.jpg/180px-Audi_TT_Gy%C3%B6r.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Audi_TT_Gy%C3%B6r.jpg/270px-Audi_TT_Gy%C3%B6r.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Audi_TT_Gy%C3%B6r.jpg/360px-Audi_TT_Gy%C3%B6r.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption>Final inspection of assembled <a href="/wiki/Audi_TT" title="Audi TT">Audi TT</a>'s in <a href="/wiki/Gy%C5%91r" title="Győr">Győr</a></figcaption></figure> Hungary is a favoured destination of foreign investors of automotive industry resulting in the presence of <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> (<a href="/wiki/Szentgotth%C3%A1rd" title="Szentgotthárd">Szentgotthárd</a>), <a href="/wiki/Magyar_Suzuki" title="Magyar Suzuki">Magyar Suzuki</a> (<a href="/wiki/Esztergom" title="Esztergom">Esztergom</a>), <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kecskem%C3%A9t" title="Kecskemét">Kecskemét</a>), <a href="/wiki/BMW" title="BMW">BMW</a> (<a href="/wiki/Debrecen" title="Debrecen">Debrecen</a>), <a href="/wiki/BYD_Company" title="BYD Company">BYD</a> (<a href="/wiki/Szeged" title="Szeged">Szeged</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Audi" title="Audi">Audi</a> factory (<a href="/wiki/Gy%C5%91r" title="Győr">Győr</a>) in Central Europe. <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mercedes-Benz_B_180_BlueEFFICIENCY_(W_246)_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht,_10._M%C3%A4rz_2012,_D%C3%BCsseldorf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Mercedes-Benz_B_180_BlueEFFICIENCY_%28W_246%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_10._M%C3%A4rz_2012%2C_D%C3%BCsseldorf.jpg/220px-Mercedes-Benz_B_180_BlueEFFICIENCY_%28W_246%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_10._M%C3%A4rz_2012%2C_D%C3%BCsseldorf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Mercedes-Benz_B_180_BlueEFFICIENCY_%28W_246%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_10._M%C3%A4rz_2012%2C_D%C3%BCsseldorf.jpg/330px-Mercedes-Benz_B_180_BlueEFFICIENCY_%28W_246%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_10._M%C3%A4rz_2012%2C_D%C3%BCsseldorf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Mercedes-Benz_B_180_BlueEFFICIENCY_%28W_246%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_10._M%C3%A4rz_2012%2C_D%C3%BCsseldorf.jpg/440px-Mercedes-Benz_B_180_BlueEFFICIENCY_%28W_246%29_%E2%80%93_Frontansicht%2C_10._M%C3%A4rz_2012%2C_D%C3%BCsseldorf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3473" data-file-height="1830" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_B-Class" title="Mercedes-Benz B-Class">Mercedes-Benz B-Class</a> manufactured by the German carmaker <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kecskem%C3%A9t" title="Kecskemét">Kecskemét</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a></figcaption></figure> 17% of the total Hungarian exports comes from the exports of Audi, Opel and Suzuki. The sector employs about 90,000 people in more than 350 car component manufacturing companies.<a href="#cite_note-7582automotive_industry-106">[106]</a> Audi has built the largest engine manufacturing plant of Europe (third largest in the world) in <a href="/wiki/Gy%C5%91r" title="Győr">Győr</a> becoming Hungary's largest exporter with total investments reaching over €3,300 million until 2007.<a href="#cite_note-ITDH-107">[107]</a> Audi's workforce assembles the <a href="/wiki/Audi_TT" title="Audi TT">Audi TT</a>, the Audi TT Roadster and the <a href="/wiki/Audi_A3" title="Audi A3">A3 Cabriolet</a> in Hungary.<a href="#cite_note-ITDH-107">[107]</a> The plant delivers engines to carmakers Volkswagen, Skoda, Seat and also to Lamborghini.<a href="#cite_note-ITDH-107">[107]</a> <a href="/wiki/Daimler-Benz" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimler-Benz">Daimler-Benz</a> invests €800 million ($1.2 billion) and creates up to 2,500 jobs at a new assembly plant in <a href="/wiki/Kecskem%C3%A9t" title="Kecskemét">Kecskemét</a>, Hungary<a href="#cite_note-3628germany_daimler-108">[108]</a> with capacity for producing 100,000 <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a> compact cars a year.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> <a href="/wiki/Opel" title="Opel">Opel</a> produced 80,000 <a href="/wiki/Opel_Astra#Astra_F" title="Opel Astra">Astra</a> and 4,000 <a href="/wiki/Opel_Vectra#Vectra_B_(1995–2002)" title="Opel Vectra">Vectra</a> cars from March 1992 until 1998 in <a href="/wiki/Szentgotth%C3%A1rd" title="Szentgotthárd">Szentgotthárd</a>, Hungary.<a href="#cite_note-GM-110">[110]</a> Today, the plant produces about half million engines and cylinder heads a year.<a href="#cite_note-GM-110">[110]</a> <a href="/wiki/BMW" title="BMW">BMW</a> announced in 2018, that it will build a car factory near <a href="/wiki/Debrecen" title="Debrecen">Debrecen</a>, that will produce around 150, 000 cars per year.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> In 2021 <a href="/wiki/BYD_Company" title="BYD Company">BYD</a> announced its plan to build a car factory near <a href="/wiki/Szeged" title="Szeged">Szeged</a> as its first European factory.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> Battery production Hungary is rapidly becoming a significant player in the battery production industry. The country has attracted substantial investments, including a new gigafactory by the Chinese company Contemporary Amperex Technology Co. Limited (<a href="/wiki/CATL" title="CATL">CATL</a>) in Debrecen. This factory is expected to produce 100 gigawatt hours (GWh) of battery capacity annually by the end of the decade, enough to equip a million electric vehicles.<a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Services">Services</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Services">edit</a>]</div> The tertiary sector accounted for 64% of GDP in 2007 and its role in the Hungarian economy is steadily growing due to constant investments into transport and other services in the last 15 years. Located in the heart of Central-Europe, Hungary's geostrategic location plays a significant role in the rise of the service sector as the country's central position makes it suitable and rewarding to invest. The total value of imports was 68.62 billion euros, the value of exports was 68.18 billion euros in 2007. The external trade deficit decreased by 12.5% since the previous year, easing down from 2.4 billion to 308 million euros in 2007. In the same year, 79% of Hungary's export and 70% of the imports were transacted inside the EU.<a href="#cite_note-2184statisztikai_t_k_r_-114">[114]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tourism">Tourism</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Tourism">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Balaton_Hungary_Landscape.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Balaton_Hungary_Landscape.jpg/180px-Balaton_Hungary_Landscape.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Balaton_Hungary_Landscape.jpg/270px-Balaton_Hungary_Landscape.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Balaton_Hungary_Landscape.jpg/360px-Balaton_Hungary_Landscape.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3036" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lake_Balaton" title="Lake Balaton">Lake Balaton</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Hungary" title="Tourism in Hungary">Tourism in Hungary</a></div> Tourism employs nearly 150 thousand people and the total income from tourism was 4 billion euros in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-3045t_blamell_klet_tabl-115">[115]</a> One of Hungary's top tourist destinations is <a href="/wiki/Lake_Balaton" title="Lake Balaton">Lake Balaton</a>, the largest freshwater lake in Central Europe, with a number of 1.2 million visitors in 2008. The most visited region is <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>, the Hungarian capital attracted 3.61 million visitors in 2008. Hungary was the world's 24th most visited country in 2011.<a href="#cite_note-9655unwto_world_tourism_-116">[116]</a> The Hungarian spa culture is world-famous, with thermal baths of all sorts and over 50 spa hotels located in many towns, each of which offer the opportunity of a pleasant, relaxing holiday and a wide range of quality medical and beauty treatments. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Currency">Currency</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Currency">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_forint" title="Hungarian forint">Hungarian forint</a> and <a href="#Fiscal_policy">§ Fiscal policy</a></div> The currency of Hungary is the Hungarian forint (HUF, Ft) since 1 August 1946. A forint consists of 100 fillérs; however, since these have not been in circulation since 1999, they are only used in accounting. There are six <a href="/wiki/Coins_of_the_Hungarian_forint" title="Coins of the Hungarian forint">coins</a> (5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200)<a href="#cite_note-3719hungarian_forint_c-117">[117]</a> and six <a href="/wiki/Banknotes_of_the_Hungarian_forint" title="Banknotes of the Hungarian forint">banknotes</a> (500, 1000, 2000, 5000, 10,000 and 20,000).<a href="#cite_note-1934hungarian_forint_b-118">[118]</a> The 1 and 2 Forint coins were withdrawn in 2008, yet prices remained the same as stores follow the official rounding scheme<a href="#cite_note-3734hungarian_forint_r-119">[119]</a> for the final price. The 200 Forint note was withdrawn on 16 November 2009.<a href="#cite_note-7391withdrawn_bankno-120">[120]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_fulfillment_of_the_Maastricht_criteria">The fulfillment of the Maastricht criteria</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: The fulfillment of the Maastricht criteria">edit</a>]</div> <table border="1" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" class="toccolours" style="border-collapse:collapse"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ececec;"> <th></th> <th colspan="5">Convergence criteria</th> <th rowspan="3">Obligation to adopt 4</th> <th colspan="2">Target date</th> <th rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Euro_coins" title="Euro coins">Euro coins</a> design </th></tr> <tr style="background:#ececec;"> <th rowspan="2">Country 1</th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Inflation_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Inflation rate">Inflation rate</a>²</th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Forms_of_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Forms of government">Government</a> <a href="/wiki/Finances" class="mw-redirect" title="Finances">finances</a></th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/European_Exchange_Rate_Mechanism" title="European Exchange Rate Mechanism">ERM II</a> membership</th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Interest_rate" title="Interest rate">Interest rate</a> 3</th> <th rowspan="2">set by the country</th> <th rowspan="2">recommended by the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">Commission</a> </th></tr> <tr style="background:#ececec;"> <th>annual <a href="/wiki/Forms_of_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Forms of government">government</a> <a href="/wiki/Government_budget_deficit" class="mw-redirect" title="Government budget deficit">deficit</a> to <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a></th> <th>gross <a href="/wiki/Government_debt" title="Government debt">government debt</a> to <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> </th></tr> <tr style="background:#ececec;"> <td style="text-align:center;">Reference value 5 </td> <td>max 3.2% </td> <td>max. 3% </td> <td>max. 60% </td> <td>min. 2 years </td> <td>max 6.5% </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>N/A </td> <td>N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.7% (as of Dec 2020)<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">2.0% (fiscal year 2019)<a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">66.3%<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0 years </td> <td style="text-align:center;">0.60% <a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a> </td> <td>yes </td> <td>2019–2020 </td> <td>N/A </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_euro_coins" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian euro coins">in progress</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> 1 Current EU member states that have not yet adopted the Euro, candidates and <a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_the_European_Union#Potential_Candidate_countries" title="Enlargement of the European Union">official potential candidates</a>. 2 No more than 1.5% higher than the 3 best-performing EU member states. 3 No more than 2% higher than the 3 best-performing <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">EU</a> member states. 4 Formal obligation for Euro adoption in the country EU <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Accession_2003" title="Treaty of Accession 2003">Treaty of Accession</a> or the Framework for membership negotiations. 5 Values from May 2008 report.<a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> To be updated each year. <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Historical <a href="/wiki/Currency" title="Currency">currencies</a> of <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a>     </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table style="background:none; text-align:center;" cellpadding="4" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td>Currency</td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_florin" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Hungarian florin">Forint</a> 1867–1892</td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Austro-Hungarian_crown" class="mw-redirect" title="Austro-Hungarian crown">Korona</a> 1892–1918</td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_korona" title="Hungarian korona">Korona</a> 1919–1926</td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_peng%C5%91" title="Hungarian pengő">Pengő</a> 1927–1946</td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_ad%C3%B3peng%C5%91" title="Hungarian adópengő">Adópengő</a> 1946</td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_forint" title="Hungarian forint">Forint</a> 1946–present</td> </tr> <tr> <td>Coins</td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Coins_of_the_Austro-Hungarian_florin" class="mw-redirect" title="Coins of the Austro-Hungarian florin">coins</a></td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Coins_of_the_Austro-Hungarian_crown" class="mw-redirect" title="Coins of the Austro-Hungarian crown">coins</a></td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"></td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Coins_of_the_Hungarian_peng%C5%91" title="Coins of the Hungarian pengő">coins</a></td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;">-</td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Coins_of_the_Hungarian_forint" title="Coins of the Hungarian forint">coins</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td>Paper money</td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Paper_money_of_the_Austro-Hungarian_florin" class="mw-redirect" title="Paper money of the Austro-Hungarian florin">paper money</a></td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Banknotes_of_the_Austro-Hungarian_crown" class="mw-redirect" title="Banknotes of the Austro-Hungarian crown">paper money</a></td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Paper_money_of_the_Hungarian_korona" title="Paper money of the Hungarian korona">paper money</a></td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Paper_money_of_the_Hungarian_peng%C5%91" title="Paper money of the Hungarian pengő">paper money</a></td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Paper_money_of_the_Hungarian_ad%C3%B3peng%C5%91" title="Paper money of the Hungarian adópengő">paper money</a></td> <td style="border-left:1px #aaa solid;"><a href="/wiki/Banknotes_of_the_Hungarian_forint" title="Banknotes of the Hungarian forint">paper money</a></td> </tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Socioeconomic_characteristics">Socioeconomic characteristics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Socioeconomic characteristics">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Hungary" title="Education in Hungary">Education in Hungary</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Human_capital">Human capital</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Human capital">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Language_learning_among_Hungarian_students.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Language_learning_among_Hungarian_students.png/180px-Language_learning_among_Hungarian_students.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Language_learning_among_Hungarian_students.png/270px-Language_learning_among_Hungarian_students.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Language_learning_among_Hungarian_students.png/360px-Language_learning_among_Hungarian_students.png 2x" data-file-width="473" data-file-height="302" /></a><figcaption>Language learning among students in upper secondary education in Hungary in 2007</figcaption></figure> <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Hungary" title="Education in Hungary">Education in Hungary</a> is free and compulsory from the age of 5 to 16.<a href="#cite_note-educ-126">[126]</a> The state provides free pre-primary schooling for all children, 8 years of general education and 4 years of upper secondary level general or vocational education.<a href="#cite_note-educ-126">[126]</a> Higher education system follows the three-cycle structure and the credit system of the <a href="/wiki/Bologna_process" class="mw-redirect" title="Bologna process">bologna process</a>.<a href="#cite_note-educ-126">[126]</a> Governments aim to reach European standards and encourage international mobility by putting emphasis on digital literacy, and enhancing foreign language studies: all secondary level schools teach foreign languages and at least one language certificate is needed for the acquisition of a diploma.<a href="#cite_note-educ-126">[126]</a> Over the past decade, this resulted in a drastic increase in the number of people speaking at least one foreign language.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> Hungary's most prestigious universities are: <ul><li>Semmelweis University with five schools (medical school, dentistry, pharmacy, nursing and physical education).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E%C3%B6tv%C3%B6s_Lor%C3%A1nd_University" title="Eötvös Loránd University">Eötvös Loránd University</a> (Eötvos Loránd Tudományegyetem, or ELTE, which is among the top 500 universities in the world<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_University_of_Technology_and_Economics" title="Budapest University of Technology and Economics">Budapest University of Technology and Economics</a> (Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem, or BME) BME is considered the oldest Institutes of Technology of university rank and structure in the world. Established 1782.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corvinus_University_of_Budapest" title="Corvinus University of Budapest">Corvinus University of Budapest</a> (Budapesti Corvinus Egyetem, or BCE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_European_University" title="Central European University">Central European University</a> (Közép-európai Egyetem, or CEU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_P%C3%A9cs" title="University of Pécs">University of Pécs</a> (Pécsi Tudományegyetem, or PTE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Miskolc" title="University of Miskolc">University of Miskolc</a> (Miskolci Egyetem or ME)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Szeged" title="University of Szeged">University of Szeged</a> (Szegedi Tudományegyetem or SZTE) In 2010, the QS World University Rankings put the University of Szeged as 451st–500th among universities globally.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Debrecen" title="University of Debrecen">University of Debrecen</a> (Debreceni Egyetem or DE)</li></ul> Financial sources for education are mainly provided by the state (making up 5.1–5.3% of the annual GDP).<a href="#cite_note-educ-126">[126]</a> In order to improve the quality of higher education, the government encourages contributions by students and companies. Another important contributor is the EU.<a href="#cite_note-educ-126">[126]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pisa2006.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Pisa2006.png/180px-Pisa2006.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Pisa2006.png/270px-Pisa2006.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Pisa2006.png/360px-Pisa2006.png 2x" data-file-width="473" data-file-height="302" /></a><figcaption>Mathematics score in PISA 2006 of Hungary among other countries</figcaption></figure> The system has weaknesses, the most important being segregation and unequal access to quality education.<a href="#cite_note-educ-126">[126]</a> The 2006 PISA report concluded that while students from comprehensive schools did better than the OECD average, pupils from vocational secondary schools did much worse.<a href="#cite_note-eduoecd-129">[129]</a> Another problem is of the higher education's: response to regional and labour market needs is insufficient.<a href="#cite_note-educ-126">[126]</a> Government plans include improving the career guidance system and establishing a national digital network that will enable the tracking of jobs and facilitate the integration into the labour market.<a href="#cite_note-educ-126">[126]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brain_drain">Brain drain</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Brain drain">edit</a>]</div> Hungary has one of the highest levels of citizen <a href="/wiki/Emigration" title="Emigration">emigration</a> inside the EU,<a href="#cite_note-auto2-130">[130]</a> particularly among <a href="/wiki/Young_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Young people">young people</a>. Of those immigrating 44% are under 30 and 77% are under 40. Most who leave the country and migrate to <a href="/wiki/Western_Europe" title="Western Europe">western</a> or <a href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">central Europe</a>.<a href="#cite_note-auto2-130">[130]</a> Current immigration is exceedingly high, with 239,924 Hungarians immigrating abroad since 2010,<a href="#cite_note-auto1-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto2-130">[130]</a> peaking in 2015. Young women tend to be one of the main groups emigrating.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> The increase in immigration coincides with the <a href="/wiki/Fidesz_party" class="mw-redirect" title="Fidesz party">Fidesz party</a> coming to power in 2010.<a href="#cite_note-auto2-130">[130]</a> Common destination countries include <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>.<a href="#cite_note-auto2-130">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto1-131">[131]</a> Common reasons for immigrating include low <a href="/wiki/Wage" title="Wage">wages</a> when compared to the rest of the EU.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> According to the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Central_Statistical_Office" title="Hungarian Central Statistical Office">Hungarian Central Statistical Office</a> the number of Hungarian students enrolled in <a href="/wiki/University" title="University">university</a> decreased by 25% from 2003 to 2013, roughly a third of those immigrating are college graduates leading to <a href="/wiki/Brain_drain" class="mw-redirect" title="Brain drain">brain drain</a>.<a href="#cite_note-134">[134]</a> Compounding this is that the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Forint" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian Forint">Hungarian Forint</a> tends to be less stable then the <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a> and often suffers from high levels of inflation.<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> Other than economic reasons, familial, social, and educational factors also contribute.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a><a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> The high rate of immigration coupled with low birth rates (1.59 <a href="/wiki/Birth_rate" title="Birth rate">births per woman</a>) results in Hungary's aging and decreasing <a href="/wiki/Population" title="Population">population</a>.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Social_stratification">Social stratification</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Social stratification">edit</a>]</div> As most post-communist countries, Hungary's economy is affected by its social stratification in terms of income and wealth, age, gender and racial inequalities.<a href="#cite_note-141">[141]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lorenz_curve_of_Denmark,_Hungary,_and_Namibia.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Lorenz_curve_of_Denmark%2C_Hungary%2C_and_Namibia.png/220px-Lorenz_curve_of_Denmark%2C_Hungary%2C_and_Namibia.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Lorenz_curve_of_Denmark%2C_Hungary%2C_and_Namibia.png/330px-Lorenz_curve_of_Denmark%2C_Hungary%2C_and_Namibia.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Lorenz_curve_of_Denmark%2C_Hungary%2C_and_Namibia.png/440px-Lorenz_curve_of_Denmark%2C_Hungary%2C_and_Namibia.png 2x" data-file-width="641" data-file-height="351" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Lorenz_curve" title="Lorenz curve">Lorenz curve</a> of <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>, Hungary, and <a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></figcaption></figure>Hungary's <a href="/wiki/Gini_coefficient" title="Gini coefficient">Gini coefficient</a> of 0.269<a href="#cite_note-distribution_of_inco-142">[142]</a> ranks 11th in the world.<a href="#cite_note-a_dollar_a_day_pov-143">[143]</a> The graph on the right shows that Hungary is close in equality to the world-leader <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>. The highest 10% of the population gets 22.2% of the incomes.<a href="#cite_note-distribution_of_inco-142">[142]</a> According to the business magazine <a href="/wiki/Napi_Gazdas%C3%A1g" title="Napi Gazdaság">Napi Gazdaság</a>, the owner of the biggest fortune, 300 billion HUF, is <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1ndor_Demj%C3%A1n" title="Sándor Demján">Sándor Demján</a>.<a href="#cite_note-richest_hungarian_co-144">[144]</a> On the other hand, the lowest 10% gets 4% of the incomes. Considering the standard EU indicators (Percentage of the population living under 60% of the per capita median income), 13% of the Hungarian population is stricken by poverty.<a href="#cite_note-national_programme_f-145">[145]</a> According to the <a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Report" title="Human Development Report">Human Development Report</a>, the country's <a href="/wiki/Human_Poverty_Index" title="Human Poverty Index">HPI-1</a> value is 2.2% (3rd among 135 countries),<a href="#cite_note-human_development_re-146">[146]</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> value is 0.879 (43rd out of 182).<a href="#cite_note-human_development_re-146">[146]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Age_Pyramid_of_Hungary.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Age_Pyramid_of_Hungary.png/180px-Age_Pyramid_of_Hungary.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Age_Pyramid_of_Hungary.png/270px-Age_Pyramid_of_Hungary.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Age_Pyramid_of_Hungary.png/360px-Age_Pyramid_of_Hungary.png 2x" data-file-width="1718" data-file-height="1225" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Population_pyramid" title="Population pyramid">Population pyramid</a> of Hungary</figcaption></figure> The fertility rate in Hungary, just like in many European countries, is very low: 1.34 children/women (205th in the world)<a href="#cite_note-key_development_data-147">[147]</a> Life expectancy at birth is 73.3 years.,<a href="#cite_note-key_development_data-147">[147]</a> while the expected number of healthy years is 57.6 for females and 53.5 for males. The average life expectancy overall is 73.1 years.<a href="#cite_note-healthy_life_years_a-148">[148]</a> Hungary's <a href="/wiki/Gender-related_Development_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="Gender-related Development Index">GDI (gender-related development index)</a> value of 0.879<a href="#cite_note-human_development_re-146">[146]</a> is 100% of its HDI value (3rd best in the world).<a href="#cite_note-human_development_re-146">[146]</a> 55.5% of the female population (between 15 and 64) participate in the labour force, and the ratio of girls to boys in primary and secondary education is 99%.<a href="#cite_note-key_development_data-147">[147]</a> Ethnic inequality, which strikes primarily <a href="/wiki/Roma_in_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Roma in Hungary">Roma in Hungary</a>, is a serious problem. Although the definition of the Roma identity is controversial,<a href="#cite_note-1026roma_employment_in_h-149">[149]</a> qualitative studies prove that the Roma employment rate decreased significantly following the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Communism" class="mw-redirect" title="Fall of Communism">fall of Communism</a>:<a href="#cite_note-5488inequality_and_discr-150">[150]</a> due to the tremendous layoffs of unskilled workers<a href="#cite_note-9905roma_children_in_the-151">[151]</a> during the transition years, more than one-third of Roma were excluded from the labour market.<a href="#cite_note-8956roma_foglalkoztat_s_-152">[152]</a> Therefore, this ethnic conflict is inherently interconnected with the income inequalities in the country<a href="#cite_note-4730the_income_situation-153">[153]</a> – at least two-thirds of the poorest 300,000 people in Hungary are Romas.<a href="#cite_note-4730the_income_situation-153">[153]</a> Furthermore, ethnic discrimination is outstandingly high, 32% of Romas experience discrimination when looking for work.<a href="#cite_note-4150data_in_focus_report-154">[154]</a> Consequently, new Roma entrants to the labour market are rarely able to find employment,<a href="#cite_note-8956roma_foglalkoztat_s_-152">[152]</a> which creates a motivation deficit and further reinforces <a href="/wiki/Racial_segregation" title="Racial segregation">segregation</a> and unemployment.<a href="#cite_note-6994a_hern_d_v_lgyi_rom_-155">[155]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Institutional_quality">Institutional quality</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Institutional quality">edit</a>]</div> Twenty years after the change of the regime, <a href="/wiki/Political_corruption" title="Political corruption">corruption</a> remains a severe issue in Hungary.<a href="#cite_note-5463hungary_corruption_-156">[156]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Transparency_International" title="Transparency International">Transparency International</a> Hungary, almost one-third of top managers claim they regularly bribe politicians.<a href="#cite_note-5463hungary_corruption_-156">[156]</a> Most people (42%) in Hungary think that the sector most affected by bribery is the political party system.<a href="#cite_note-1766global_corruption_ba-157">[157]</a> Bribery is common in the <a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Hungary" title="Healthcare in Hungary">healthcare system</a> in the form of gratitude payment–92% of all people think that some payment should be made to the head surgeon conducting a heart operation or an obstetrician for a child birth.<a href="#cite_note-1046hidden_in_an_envelop-158">[158]</a> Another problem is the administrative burden: in terms of the ease of doing business, Hungary ranks 47th out of 183 countries in the world.<a href="#cite_note-5276doing_business_-159">[159]</a> The five days' time<a href="#cite_note-key_development_data-147">[147]</a> required to start a new business ranks 29th, and the country is 122nd concerning the ease of paying taxes.<a href="#cite_note-3758paying_taxes_-160">[160]</a> In accordance with the theory of the <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers" title="Separation of powers">separation of powers</a>, the judicial system is independent from the legislative and the executive branches.<a href="#cite_note-4430background_note_hun-161">[161]</a> Consequently, courts and prosecutions are not influenced by the government. However, the legal system is slow and overburdened, which makes proceedings and rulings lengthy and inefficient.<a href="#cite_note-3455hungary_investment_c-162">[162]</a> Such a justice system is hardly capable of prosecuting corruption and protecting the country's financial interests.<a href="#cite_note-5463hungary_corruption_-156">[156]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unemployment_in_Hungary">Unemployment in Hungary</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Unemployment in Hungary">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_Hungary" title="Unemployment in Hungary">Unemployment in Hungary</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="State_participation">State participation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: State participation">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Monetary_policy">Monetary policy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Monetary policy">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Asia_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Parts of this article (those related to exchange rate evolution) need to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. Last update: September 2009 (August 2015)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baserate_Hungary.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Chart showing the base rate of Hungarian National Bank." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Baserate_Hungary.jpg/220px-Baserate_Hungary.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Baserate_Hungary.jpg/330px-Baserate_Hungary.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Baserate_Hungary.jpg/440px-Baserate_Hungary.jpg 2x" data-file-width="683" data-file-height="393" /></a><figcaption>Base rate of Hungarian National Bank (MNB).</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Magyar_Nemzeti_Bank_%C3%A9p%C3%BClete,_Szabads%C3%A1g_t%C3%A9r_%C3%A9s_Hold_utca_sarok._-_2005,_Budapest.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Magyar_Nemzeti_Bank_%C3%A9p%C3%BClete%2C_Szabads%C3%A1g_t%C3%A9r_%C3%A9s_Hold_utca_sarok._-_2005%2C_Budapest.jpg/220px-Magyar_Nemzeti_Bank_%C3%A9p%C3%BClete%2C_Szabads%C3%A1g_t%C3%A9r_%C3%A9s_Hold_utca_sarok._-_2005%2C_Budapest.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Magyar_Nemzeti_Bank_%C3%A9p%C3%BClete%2C_Szabads%C3%A1g_t%C3%A9r_%C3%A9s_Hold_utca_sarok._-_2005%2C_Budapest.jpg/330px-Magyar_Nemzeti_Bank_%C3%A9p%C3%BClete%2C_Szabads%C3%A1g_t%C3%A9r_%C3%A9s_Hold_utca_sarok._-_2005%2C_Budapest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Magyar_Nemzeti_Bank_%C3%A9p%C3%BClete%2C_Szabads%C3%A1g_t%C3%A9r_%C3%A9s_Hold_utca_sarok._-_2005%2C_Budapest.jpg/440px-Magyar_Nemzeti_Bank_%C3%A9p%C3%BClete%2C_Szabads%C3%A1g_t%C3%A9r_%C3%A9s_Hold_utca_sarok._-_2005%2C_Budapest.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_National_Bank" title="Hungarian National Bank">Hungarian National Bank</a> (MNB)</figcaption></figure> The Hungarian organization responsible for controlling the country's monetary policy is the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_National_Bank" title="Hungarian National Bank">Hungarian National Bank</a> (Hungarian: Magyar Nemzeti Bank, MNB) which is the central bank in Hungary.<a href="#cite_note-5892hungarian_national_bank-163">[163]</a> According to the Hungarian Law of National Bank (which became operative in 2001. – LVIII. Law about The Hungarian National Bank<a href="#cite_note-9076t_rv_nyek_s_ogy_hat-164">[164]</a>), the primary objective of MNB is to achieve and maintain price stability. This aim is in line with the European and international practice. Price stability means achieving and maintaining a basically low, but positive inflation rate. This level is around 2–2.5% according to international observations, while the <a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">European Central Bank</a> "aims at inflation rates of below, but close to 2% over the medium term".<a href="#cite_note-1639monetary_policy-165">[165]</a> Since Hungary is in the process of catching up (<a href="/wiki/Balassa-Samuelson_effect" class="mw-redirect" title="Balassa-Samuelson effect">Balassa-Samuelson effect</a>), the long-term objective is a slightly higher figure, around 2.3–3.2%.<a href="#cite_note-2817the_optimal_rate-166">[166]</a> Therefore, the medium term inflation target of the Hungarian National Bank is 3%.<a href="#cite_note-4383k_zlem_ny_a_k_z_pt_v-167">[167]</a> Concerning the exchange rate system, the <a href="/wiki/Floating_exchange_rate" title="Floating exchange rate">floating exchange rate</a> system is in use since 26 February 2008, as a result of which HUF is fluctuating in accordance with the effects of the market in the face of the reference currency, the euro. <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Forintexchange.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Forintexchange.png/180px-Forintexchange.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Forintexchange.png/270px-Forintexchange.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Forintexchange.png/360px-Forintexchange.png 2x" data-file-width="603" data-file-height="338" /></a><figcaption>Forint exchange rates from June 2008 to September 2009</figcaption></figure> The chart on the right shows forint exchange rates for the <a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">British pound</a> (GBP), <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">euro</a> (EUR), <a href="/wiki/Swiss_franc" title="Swiss franc">Swiss franc</a> (CHF), and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">U.S. dollar</a> (USD) from June 2008 to September 2009. It indicates that a relatively strong forint weakened during the <a href="/wiki/Great_Recession" title="Great Recession">Great Recession</a>, and that its value increased afterwards. Compared to the euro the forint was at peak on 18 June 2008 when 1000 Ft was €4.36 and €1 was 229.11Ft. The forint was worth the least on 6 March 2009; this day 1000 Ft was €3.16 and €1 was 316Ft). Compared to USD, most expensive/cheapest dates are 22 June 2008 and 6 March 2009 with 1000HUF/USD rates 6.94 and 4.01 respectively. On 24 March 2015 the Euro was at 299.1450 and USD was at 274.1650, <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fiscal_policy">Fiscal policy</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Fiscal policy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hungary_bonds.webp" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Hungary_bonds.webp/300px-Hungary_bonds.webp.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Hungary_bonds.webp/450px-Hungary_bonds.webp.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Hungary_bonds.webp/600px-Hungary_bonds.webp.png 2x" data-file-width="5251" data-file-height="1357" /></a><figcaption>Hungary bonds <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend">  15 year</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  10 year</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  1 year</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend">  3 month</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Inverted_yield_curve" title="Inverted yield curve">Inverted yield curve</a></div> </figcaption></figure> In Hungary, state revenue makes up 44% and expenditure makes up 45% of the GDP which is relatively high compared to other EU members.<a href="#cite_note-8115a_gazdasa_gi_no_veke-168">[168]</a> This can be traced back to historical reasons such as <a href="/wiki/Socialist_economy" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist economy">socialist economic</a> tradition as well as cultural characteristics that endorse paternalist behaviour on the state's part, meaning that people have a habitual reflex that make them call for state subsidies.<a href="#cite_note-4811interview_with_adam-169">[169]</a> Some economists[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">who?</a>] dispute this point, claiming that expenditure ran up to today's critical amount from 2001, during two left-wing government cycles.<a href="#cite_note-8115a_gazdasa_gi_no_veke-168">[168]</a> Along with joining the EU the country undertook the task of joining the <a href="/wiki/Eurozone" title="Eurozone">Eurozone</a> as well. Therefore, the <a href="/wiki/Euro_convergence_criteria" title="Euro convergence criteria">Maastricht criteria</a> which forms the condition of joining the Eurozone acts as an authoritative guideline to Hungarian fiscal politics. Although there has been remarkable progress, recent years' statistics still point at significant discrepancies between the criteria and fiscal indices. The target date for adapting the Euro has not been fixed, either. General government deficit has shown a drastic decline to −3.4% (2008) from −9.2% (2006).<a href="#cite_note-3654_main_macroecon-170">[170]</a> According to an MNB forecast however, until 2011, the deficit will by a small margin fall short of the 3.0% criterion.<a href="#cite_note-2834ecomoic_report-171">[171]</a> Another criterion that is found lacking is the ratio of gross government debt to GDP which, since 2005, exceeds the allowed 60%.<a href="#cite_note-3847introducing_the_eur-172">[172]</a> According to an <a href="/wiki/European_System_of_Accounts" title="European System of Accounts">ESA95</a> figure, in 2008 the ratio increased from 65.67% to 72.61%, which primarily results from the requisition of an IMF-arranged financial assistance package.<a href="#cite_note-9345imf_eu_and_worl-173">[173]</a> Hungary's balance of payments on its current account has been negative since 1995, around 6–8% in the 2000s<a href="#cite_note-emenbe-174">[174]</a> reaching a negative peak 8.5% in 2008.<a href="#cite_note-emenbe-174">[174]</a><a href="#cite_note-6342elemze_s_a_makrogazd-175">[175]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tax_system">Tax system</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Tax system">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Hungary" title="Taxation in Hungary">Taxation in Hungary</a></div> In Hungary, the 1988 reform of taxes introduced a comprehensive tax system which mainly consists of central and local taxes, including a <a href="/wiki/Income_tax" title="Income tax">personal income tax</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Corporate_tax" title="Corporate tax">corporate income tax</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Value_added_tax" class="mw-redirect" title="Value added tax">value added tax</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9331reflection_on_the_hu-176">[176]</a> Among the total tax income the ratio of local taxes is solely 5% while the EU average is 30%.<a href="#cite_note-1882ad_z_s_taxation_-177">[177]</a> Until 2010, the taxation of an individual was progressive, determining the tax rate based on the individual's income: with earning up to 1,900,000 forints a year, the tax was 18%, the tax on incomes above this limit was 36% since 1 July 2009.<a href="#cite_note-2956short_summary_on_the-178">[178]</a> Based on the new one-rate tax regime introduced January 2011, the overall tax rate for all income-earnings bands has been 16%. According to the income-tax returns of 2008, 14,6% of taxpayers was charged for 64,5% of the total tax burdens.<a href="#cite_note-2758az_ad_z_k_sz_zl_k-179">[179]</a> Before the new corporate income tax regime, the corporate tax was fixed at 16% of the positive rateable value, with an additional tax called solidarity tax of 4%, the measure of which is calculated based on the result before tax of the company (the solidarity tax has been in use since September, 2006). The actual rateable value might be different is the two cases. From January 2011, under the new corporate income tax regime the tax rate was divided into two parts (i) corporations having income before tax below 500 million HUF (appr. USD 2.5 million) was lowered to 10% and (ii) 16% remained for all other companies until 2013. After this, the unified corporate income tax rate will be 10%, irrespectively from the size of the net income before tax. In January 2017, corporate tax was unified at a rate of 9% – the lowest in the European Union. The rate of value added tax in Hungary is 27%, the highest in Europe, since 1 January 2012.<a href="#cite_note-7391_vi_cxxvii_t_-180">[180]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Miscellaneous_data">Miscellaneous data</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Miscellaneous data">edit</a>]</div> The following table shows the main economic indicators in 1980–2021. Inflation under 2% is in green.<a href="#cite_note-181">[181]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Year </th> <th>GDP (in Bil. US$ PPP) </th> <th>GDP per capita (in US$ PPP) </th> <th>GDP (in US$ nominal) </th> <th>GDP growth (real) </th> <th>Inflation rate (in Percent) </th> <th>Unemployment (in Percent) </th> <th>Government debt (in % of GDP) </th></tr> <tr> <td>1980 </td> <td>68.3 </td> <td>6,376 </td> <td>23.0 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.2% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />9.3% </td> <td>0.6% </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>1981 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />76.8 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />7,182 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />23.6 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />2.3% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />4.5% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.2% </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>1982 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />84.0 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />7,850 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />24.1 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />2.8% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />7.0% </td> <td><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.2% </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>1983 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />87.9 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />8,235 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />21.8 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.7% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />6.4% </td> <td><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.2% </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>1984 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />93.5 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />8,784 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />21.2 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />2.7% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />8.7% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.1% </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>1985 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />96.2 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />9,075 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />21.4 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />−0.3% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />7.0% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.0% </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>1986 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />99.6 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />9,434 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />24.7 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />1.5% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />5.3% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.2% </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>1987 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />106.2 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />10,108 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />27.1 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />4.0% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />8.7% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.3% </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>1988 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />109.9 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />10,502 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />29.7 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />−0.1% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />15.8% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.5% </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>1989 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />115.0 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />11,039 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />30.3 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.7% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />17.0% </td> <td><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.5% </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>1990 </td> <td><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />115.0 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />11,101 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />34.4 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />−3.5% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />29.0% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />2.1% </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>1991 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />104.9 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />10,114 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />34.8 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />−11.9% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />34.2% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />8.4% </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>1992 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />104.0 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />10,027 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />38.7 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />−3.1% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />23.0% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />9.3% </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />105.9 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />10,214 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />40.1 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />−0.6% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />22.5% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />11.3% </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />111.3 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />10,755 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />43.2 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />2.9% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />18.9% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />10.1% </td> <td>n/a </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />116.5 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />11,274 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />46.4 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />2.5% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />28.3% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />10.2% </td> <td>84.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />118.7 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />11,500 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />46.7 </td> <td><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.0% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />23.5% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />9.9% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />71.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>1997 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />124.8 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />12,112 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />47.3 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />3.3% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />18.3% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />8.7% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />61.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />131.5 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />12,793 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />48.7 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />4.2% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />14.2% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />7.8% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />59.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />137.7 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />13,427 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />49.1 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />3.2% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />10.0% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />7.0% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />59.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />146.7 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />14,348 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />47.2 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />4.2% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />9.8% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />6.4% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />55.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />155.6 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />15,259 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />53.8 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />3.8% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />9.2% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />5.7% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />51.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />165.3 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />16,242 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />67.6 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />4.5% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />5.3% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />5.8% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />54.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />174.8 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />17,236 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />85.3 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />3.8% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />4.7% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />5.9% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />57.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />188.5 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />18,632 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />104.1 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />5.0% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />6.8% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />6.1% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />58.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />202.9 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />20,093 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />113.2 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />4.4% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />3.6% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />7.2% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />60.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />217.1 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />21,544 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />115.7 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />3.9% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />3.9% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />7.5% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />64.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />223.9 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />22,240 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />140.2 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.4% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />8.0% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />7.4% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />65.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />230.2 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />22,913 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />158.3 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.9% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />6.1% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />7.8% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />71.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />216.6 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />21,594 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />131.1 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />−6.6% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />4.2% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />10.0% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />77.5% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />220.6 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />22,026 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />132.2 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.7% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />4.9% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />11.2% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />80.2% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />228.9 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />22,923 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />141.9 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />1.7% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />3.9% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />11.0% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />80.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />229.5 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />23,107 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />128.8 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />−1.6% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />5.7% </td> <td><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />11.0% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />78.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />238.4 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />24,060 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />135.7 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />2.0% </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />1.7% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />10.2% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />77.1% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />253.1 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />25,623 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />141.0 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />4.2% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />−0.2% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />7.7% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />76.6% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />264.8 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />26,863 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />125.2 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />3.5% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />−0.1% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />6.8% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />76.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />273.6 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />27,833 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />128.6 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />2.3% </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />0.4% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />5.1% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />76.0% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />290.3 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />29,627 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />143.1 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />4.1% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />2.4% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />4.2% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />73.4% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />312.1 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />31,914 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />160.6 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />4.9% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />2.8% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />3.7% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />70.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />336.6 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />34,445 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />164.0 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />4.9% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />3.4% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />3.3% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />65.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />325.5 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />33,320 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />157.2 </td> <td><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />-4.5% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />3.3% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />4.2% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />79.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>2021 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />364.4 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />37,443 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />182.3 </td> <td><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />7.1% </td> <td><img alt="Negative increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/11px-Increase_Negative.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/17px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Increase_Negative.svg/22px-Increase_Negative.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />5.1% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />4.1% </td> <td><img alt="Positive decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/11px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/17px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Decrease_Positive.svg/22px-Decrease_Positive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" />76.8% </td></tr></tbody></table> Households with access to fixed and mobile telephony <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://portal.ksh.hu/pls/ksh/docs/eng/xftp/gyor/tav/etav21109.pdf">Quick facts – Telecommunication market in Hungary – Hungarian Statistical office (3Q 2011)</a> [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] <ul><li>number of households – 4,001,976 (October 2011)</li> <li>number of landline telephones – 2,884,000 (October 2011)</li> <li>landline telephones / households – 72.1% (October 2011)</li> <li>landline telephones / inhabitants – 28.9% (October 2011)</li> <li>number of mobile telephone subscriptions – 11,669,000 (October 2011)</li> <li>mobile telephone subscriptions / inhabitants (Mobile telephone penetration) – 117.1% (December 2011)</li></ul> Broadband penetration rate <ul><li>number of fixed broadband – 2,111,967 (October 2011)</li> <li>number of mobile broadband – 1,872,178 (October 2011)</li> <li>fixed broadband per households – 52.8% (December 2011)</li> <li>mobile broadband per households – 43.4% (January 2012)</li></ul> Individuals using computer and internet<a href="#cite_note-ceeitandtelecom.com-182">[182]</a> <ul><li>computer – 65% (2009)</li> <li>internet – 62% (2009)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_relations">External relations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: External relations">edit</a>]</div> Hungary joined the European Union on 05/01/2004 after a successful referendum<a href="#cite_note-3254referendum_on_the_ac-183">[183]</a> among the <a href="/wiki/2004_enlargement_of_the_European_Union" title="2004 enlargement of the European Union">EU-10</a>. The EU's free trade system helps Hungary, as it is a relatively small country and thus needs export and import. After the accession to the EU, Hungarian workers could immediately go to work to Ireland, Sweden and the United Kingdom. Other countries imposed restrictions.<a href="#cite_note-4876eu_free_movement_of_-184">[184]</a> In 2007, 25% of all exports of Hungary were of high technology, which is the 5th largest ratio in the European Union after Malta, Cyprus, Ireland, and the Netherlands. The EU10 average was 17.1% and the Eurozone average was 16% in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-key_development_data-147">[147]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/32px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/48px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/64px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hungary" title="Portal:Hungary">Hungary portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/32px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/48px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/64px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:European_Union" title="Portal:European Union">European Union portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-money.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/28px-Emblem-money.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/42px-Emblem-money.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="/wiki/Budapest_Stock_Exchange" title="Budapest Stock Exchange">Budapest Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_metropolitan_area" title="Budapest metropolitan area">Budapest metropolitan area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_National_Bank" title="Hungarian National Bank">Hungarian National Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Europe" title="Economy of Europe">Economy of Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_European_Union" title="Economy of the European Union">Economy of the European Union</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_Hungary&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-devgroup-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-devgroup_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-devgroup_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output 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Retrieved 8 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=BUDAPEST+EUROPE%27S+SECOND+FASTEST-DEVELOPING+URBAN+ECONOMY%2C+STUDY+REVEALS+%E2%80%93+The+study+examines+the+development+of+the+world%27s+300+largest+urban+economies%2C+ranking+them+according+to+the+pace+of+development.&rft.pub=Brookings+Institution&rft.date=2015-01-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhungarytoday.hu%2Fnews%2Fbudapest-europes-second-fastest-developing-urban-economy-study-reveals-29576&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Hungary" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160811203314/http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2008t.html">"The World According to GaWC 2010"</a>. lboro.ac.uk. 13 April 2010. 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Ceeitandtelecom.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ceeitandtelecom.com/CEE_ICT_data.shtml">the original</a> on 11 October 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IT+and+telecommunications+in+Central+and+Eastern+Europe&rft.pub=Ceeitandtelecom.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeitandtelecom.com%2FCEE_ICT_data.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Hungary" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3254referendum_on_the_ac-183"><a href="#cite_ref-3254referendum_on_the_ac_183-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090813043811/http://www.valasztas.hu/en/ep2009/199/199_0.html">"Referendum on the accesion [sic] to the European Union 2003"</a>. National Election Office. 12 April 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.valasztas.hu/en/ep2009/199/199_0.html">the original</a> on 13 August 2009. Retrieved 18 January 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Referendum+on+the+accesion%26%2332%3B%26%2391%3Bsic%26%2393%3B+to+the+European+Union+2003&rft.pub=National+Election+Office&rft.date=2003-04-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.valasztas.hu%2Fen%2Fep2009%2F199%2F199_0.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEconomy+of+Hungary" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4876eu_free_movement_of_-184"><a href="#cite_ref-4876eu_free_movement_of_184-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/3513889.stm">"EU free movement of labour map"</a>. London: BBC. 17 April 2009. 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href="/wiki/Principality_of_Hungary" title="Principality of Hungary">Principality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1000%E2%80%931301)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301)">High Medieval Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1301%E2%80%931526)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1301–1526)">Late Medieval Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Hungarian_wars" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman–Hungarian wars">Ottoman–Hungarian wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1526%E2%80%931867)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1526–1867)">Habsburg Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Transylvania_(1570%E2%80%931711)" title="Principality of Transylvania (1570–1711)">Principality of Transylvania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A1k%C3%B3czi%27s_War_of_Independence" title="Rákóczi's War of Independence">Rákóczi's War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1848" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1848">Revolution of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austro-Hungarian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary_in_World_War_I" title="Hungary in World War I">World War I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Hungarian_Republic" title="First Hungarian Republic">First Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Trianon" title="Treaty of Trianon">Treaty of Trianon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary_(1920%E2%80%931946)" title="Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)">Interwar Kingdom of Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary_in_World_War_II" title="Hungary in World War II">World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Hungarian_Republic" title="Second Hungarian Republic">Second Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Republic" title="Hungarian People's Republic">People's Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1956">Revolution of 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Hungary#Third_Republic_(since_1989)" title="History of Hungary">Third Republic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity_in_Hungary" title="History of Christianity in Hungary">Christianity</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#History_of_the_Hungarian_economy">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Hungary" title="Military history of Hungary">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_Hungary" title="List of wars involving Hungary">List of wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81rp%C3%A1d_dynasty" title="Árpád dynasty">Árpád dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_Hungary" title="King of Hungary">King</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hungarian_monarchs" title="List of Hungarian monarchs">Monarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Crown_of_Hungary" title="Holy Crown of Hungary">Holy Crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent_of_Hungary" title="Regent of Hungary">Regent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_nobility" title="Hungarian nobility">Nobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Hungary" title="Flag of Hungary">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Hungary" title="Coat of arms of Hungary">Coat of arms</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Hungary" title="Geography of Hungary">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Hungary" title="Administrative divisions of Hungary">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counties_of_Hungary" title="Counties of Hungary">Counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_of_Hungary" title="List of cities and towns of Hungary">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Hungary" title="Climate of Hungary">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Hungary#Extreme_points" title="Geography of Hungary">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Geology_of_Hungary" title="Category:Geology of Hungary">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrology_of_Hungary" title="Hydrology of Hungary">Hydrology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Hungary" title="List of islands of Hungary">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Hungary" title="List of lakes of Hungary">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Hungary" title="List of rivers of Hungary">Rivers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountain_ranges_of_Hungary" title="Category:Mountain ranges of Hungary">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Hungary" title="List of national parks of Hungary">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Hungary" title="List of regions of Hungary">Regions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Hungary" title="Politics of Hungary">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Hungary" title="Government of Hungary">Cabinet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Hungary" title="Constitution of Hungary">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Hungary" title="Elections in Hungary">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Hungary" title="Foreign relations of Hungary">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Hungary" title="Human rights in Hungary">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_intelligence_agencies" title="Category:Hungarian intelligence agencies">Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Law_of_Hungary" title="Category:Law of Hungary">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Hungary" title="Law enforcement in Hungary">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Defence_Forces" title="Hungarian Defence Forces">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_General_Staff_(Hungary)" title="Chief of General Staff (Hungary)">Chief of General Staff</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_nationality_law" title="Hungarian nationality law">Nationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Hungary)" title="National Assembly (Hungary)">Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_speakers_of_the_National_Assembly_(Hungary)" title="List of speakers of the National Assembly (Hungary)">Speaker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Hungary" title="List of political parties in Hungary">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Hungary" title="President of Hungary">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Hungary" title="List of heads of state of Hungary">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Hungary" title="Prime Minister of Hungary">Prime Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Hungary" title="List of prime ministers of Hungary">list</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Agriculture">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_banks_in_Hungary" title="List of banks in Hungary">Banks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_National_Bank" title="Hungarian National Bank">Hungarian National Bank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Hungary" title="List of companies of Hungary">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Hungary" title="Energy in Hungary">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_forint" title="Hungarian forint">Forint </a> (currency)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Industry">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Hungary" title="Science and technology in Hungary">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Stock_Exchange" title="Budapest Stock Exchange">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Hungary" title="Taxation in Hungary">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Hungary" title="Telecommunications in Hungary">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Hungary" title="Tourism in Hungary">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Trade_unions_in_Hungary" title="Category:Trade unions in Hungary">Trade unions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Hungary" title="Transport in Hungary">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unemployment_in_Hungary" title="Unemployment in Hungary">Unemployment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Hungary" title="Category:Society of Hungary">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Hungarian_sentiment" title="Anti-Hungarian sentiment">Anti-Hungarian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Hungary" title="Crime in Hungary">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Hungary" title="Demographics of Hungary">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Hungary" title="Education in Hungary">Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_Hungary" title="List of universities and colleges in Hungary">Universities and colleges</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_policy_in_Hungary" title="Family policy in Hungary">Family policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Hungary" title="Health in Hungary">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Hungary" title="Healthcare in Hungary">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Hungary" title="Human trafficking in Hungary">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarians" title="Hungarians">Hungarians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_diaspora" title="Hungarian diaspora">Hungarian diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_irredentism" title="Hungarian irredentism">Irredentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_rankings_of_Hungary" title="International rankings of Hungary">International rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Hungary" title="Languages of Hungary">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Hungary">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Hungary" title="Prostitution in Hungary">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Hungary" title="Public holidays in Hungary">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Hungary" title="Religion in Hungary">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Hungary" title="Women in Hungary">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Hungary" title="Culture of Hungary">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Hungary" title="Architecture of Hungary">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Hungary" title="List of castles in Hungary">Castles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_palaces_in_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="List of palaces in Hungary">Palaces and mansions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_art" title="Hungarian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Hungary" title="Cinema of Hungary">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_cuisine" title="Hungarian cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_wine" title="Hungarian wine">Wine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer_in_Hungary" title="Beer in Hungary">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hungarian_dishes" title="List of Hungarian dishes">Dishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_sausages" title="Hungarian sausages">Sausages</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Hungarian dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Fashion_Week" title="Budapest Fashion Week">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Festivals_in_Hungary" title="Category:Festivals in Hungary">Festivals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_folklore" title="Category:Hungarian folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_inventions" title="Category:Hungarian inventions">Inventions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_literature" title="Hungarian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Hungary">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Hungary" title="Music of Hungary">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_names" title="Hungarian names">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Hungary#Spa_culture" title="Culture of Hungary">Spa culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary_at_the_Olympics" title="Hungary at the Olympics">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Hungary" title="National symbols of Hungary">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Hungary" title="Television in Hungary">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_theatres_in_Hungary" title="List of theatres in Hungary">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Hungary" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Hungary">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Hungary" title="Outline of Hungary">Outline</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Hungary-related_articles" title="Index of Hungary-related articles">Index</a></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungary" title="Category:Hungary">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Hungary" title="Portal:Hungary">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Economy_of_the_European_Union" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Economy_of_the_European_Union" title="Template:Economy of the European Union"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Economy_of_the_European_Union" title="Template talk:Economy of the European Union"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Economy_of_the_European_Union" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Economy of the European Union"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Economy_of_the_European_Union" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_European_Union" title="Economy of the European Union">Economy of the European Union</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Market</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Single_Market" class="mw-redirect" title="European Single Market">European Single Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisbon_Strategy" title="Lisbon Strategy">Lisbon Strategy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europe_2020" title="Europe 2020">Europe 2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_European_Union_stimulus_plan" title="2008 European Union stimulus plan">2008 European Union stimulus plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapir_Report" title="Sapir Report">Sapir Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aho_report" title="Aho report">Aho report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Employment_Strategy" title="European Employment Strategy">European Employment Strategy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions & Offices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Euro_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Euro Group">Euro Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_and_Financial_Affairs_Council" title="Economic and Financial Affairs Council">Ecofin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">Central Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Investment_Bank" title="European Investment Bank">Investment Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Investment_Fund" title="European Investment Fund">Investment Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Economic_and_Financial_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="European Commissioner for Economic and Financial Affairs">Economic and Financial Affairs Commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Commissioner_for_Taxation_and_Customs_Union,_Audit_and_Anti-Fraud" class="mw-redirect" title="European Commissioner for Taxation and Customs Union, Audit and Anti-Fraud">Taxation and Customs Union Commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Financial_Stability_Facility" title="European Financial Stability Facility">EFSF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Financial_Stabilisation_Mechanism" title="European Financial Stabilisation Mechanism">EFSM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_and_Social_Committee" title="European Economic and Social Committee">European Economic and Social Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Agricultural_Policy" title="Common Agricultural Policy">Agricultural (CAP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Energy policy of the European Union">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Fisheries_Policy" title="Common Fisheries Policy">Fisheries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Regional policy of the European Union">Regional development</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/European_Union_law" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_competition_law" title="European Union competition law">Competition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_labour_law" title="European labour law">Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Community_merger_law" class="mw-redirect" title="European Community merger law">Merger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Finance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NYSE_Euronext" title="NYSE Euronext">NYSE Euronext</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Stock_Exchange" title="London Stock Exchange">London Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_B%C3%B6rse" title="Deutsche Börse">Deutsche Börse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Currencies_of_the_European_Union" title="Currencies of the European Union">Currencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_lev" title="Bulgarian lev">Bulgarian lev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatian_kuna" title="Croatian kuna">Croatian kuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_koruna" title="Czech koruna">Czech koruna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danish_krone" title="Danish krone">Danish krone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">Euro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_forint" title="Hungarian forint">Hungarian forint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_z%C5%82oty" title="Polish złoty">Polish złoty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_leu" title="Romanian leu">Romanian leu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_krona" title="Swedish krona">Swedish krona</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">State economies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Austria" title="Economy of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Belgium" title="Economy of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bulgaria" title="Economy of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Croatia" title="Economy of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cyprus" title="Economy of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Economy of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Denmark" title="Economy of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Estonia" title="Economy of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Finland" title="Economy of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_France" title="Economy of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Germany" title="Economy of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Greece" title="Economy of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Economy of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Latvia" title="Economy of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Lithuania" title="Economy of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Luxembourg" title="Economy of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malta" title="Economy of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Economy of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Poland" title="Economy of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Portugal" title="Economy of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Romania" title="Economy of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Slovakia" title="Economy of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Slovenia" title="Economy of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Spain" title="Economy of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sweden" title="Economy of Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special_member_state_territories_and_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Special member state territories and the European Union">Dependencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">of Denmark</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Economy of the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Greenland" title="Economy of Greenland">Greenland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">of France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_French_Polynesia" title="Economy of French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mayotte" title="Economy of Mayotte">Mayotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_New_Caledonia" title="Economy of New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Saint Barthélemy">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Martin_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Saint Martin (France)">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Wallis_and_Futuna" title="Economy of Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">of the Netherlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Aruba" title="Economy of Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Economy of Curaçao">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sint_Maarten" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Europe" title="Science and technology in Europe">R&D</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EU_patent" class="mw-redirect" title="EU patent">EU patent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Institute_of_Innovation_and_Technology" title="European Institute of Innovation and Technology">EIIT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knowledge_triangle" title="Knowledge triangle">Knowledge triangle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_the_largest_trading_partners_of_the_European_Union" title="List of the largest trading partners of the European Union">Largest trading partners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_free_trade_agreements" class="mw-redirect" title="European Union free trade agreements">Free trade agreements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third-country_economic_relationships_with_the_European_Union" title="Third-country economic relationships with the European Union">Third-country economic relationships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Area" title="European Economic Area">European Economic Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Customs_Union" title="European Union Customs Union">Customs Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transatlantic_Economic_Council" title="Transatlantic Economic Council">Transatlantic Economic Council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BUSINESSEUROPE" class="mw-redirect" title="BUSINESSEUROPE">BUSINESSEUROPE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Trade_Union_Confederation" title="European Trade Union Confederation">European Trade Union Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_Banking_Association" title="Euro Banking Association">Euro Banking Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Economics" title="Portal:Economics">Economics Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:European_Union" title="Portal:European Union">European Union Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Economy_of_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Economy_of_Europe" title="Template:Economy of Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Economy_of_Europe" title="Template talk:Economy of Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Economy_of_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Economy of Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Economy_of_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Europe" title="Economy of Europe">Economy of Europe </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Albania" title="Economy of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Andorra" title="Economy of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Armenia" title="Economy of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Austria" title="Economy of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Azerbaijan" title="Economy of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Belarus" title="Economy of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Belgium" title="Economy of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Economy of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bulgaria" title="Economy of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Croatia" title="Economy of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cyprus" title="Economy of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Economy of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Denmark" title="Economy of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Estonia" title="Economy of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Finland" title="Economy of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_France" title="Economy of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Economy of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Germany" title="Economy of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Greece" title="Economy of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Iceland" title="Economy of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Economy of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kazakhstan" title="Economy of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Latvia" title="Economy of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Liechtenstein" title="Economy of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Lithuania" title="Economy of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Luxembourg" title="Economy of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malta" title="Economy of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Moldova" title="Economy of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Monaco" title="Economy of Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Montenegro" title="Economy of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Economy of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_North_Macedonia" title="Economy of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Norway" title="Economy of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Poland" title="Economy of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Portugal" title="Economy of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Romania" title="Economy of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Russia" title="Economy of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_San_Marino" title="Economy of San Marino">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Serbia" title="Economy of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Slovakia" title="Economy of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Slovenia" title="Economy of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Spain" title="Economy of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sweden" title="Economy of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Switzerland" title="Economy of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Turkey" title="Economy of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ukraine" title="Economy of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economy of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Vatican_City" title="Economy of Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Abkhazia" title="Economy of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kosovo" title="Economy of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Economy of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Ossetia" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Transnistria" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_%C3%85land" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Åland">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Economy of the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Gibraltar" title="Economy of Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guernsey" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Guernsey">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Isle_of_Man" title="Economy of the Isle of Man">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Jersey" title="Economy of Jersey">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Svalbard" title="Economy of Svalbard">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_European_Union" title="Economy of the European Union">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development_(OECD)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" title="Template:Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" title="Template talk:Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development_(OECD)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/OECD" title="OECD">Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OECD#Founding" title="OECD">Convention on the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OECD_Anti-Bribery_Convention" title="OECD Anti-Bribery Convention">OECD Anti-Bribery Convention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programme_for_International_Student_Assessment" title="Programme for International Student Assessment">Programme for International Student Assessment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programme_for_the_International_Assessment_of_Adult_Competencies" title="Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies">Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Guidelines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OECD_Guidelines_for_Multinational_Enterprises" class="mw-redirect" title="OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises">Multinational Enterprises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OECD_Guidelines_for_the_Testing_of_Chemicals" title="OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals">Testing of Chemicals</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World_Trade_Organization" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_Trade_Organization" title="Template:World Trade Organization"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_Trade_Organization" title="Template talk:World Trade Organization"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_Trade_Organization" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World Trade Organization"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_Trade_Organization" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">System</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Member_states_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Member states of the World Trade Organization">Accession and membership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appellate_Body" title="Appellate Body">Appellate Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dispute_Settlement_Body" title="Dispute Settlement Body">Dispute Settlement Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Trade_Centre" title="International Trade Centre">International Trade Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Timeline of the World Trade Organization">Chronology of key events</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Criticism of the World Trade Organization">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doha_Development_Round" title="Doha Development Round">Doha Development Round</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_issues" title="Singapore issues">Singapore issues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quota_Elimination" title="Quota Elimination">Quota Elimination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_Clause" title="Peace Clause">Peace Clause</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agreements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Tariffs_and_Trade" title="General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade">General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Agriculture" title="Agreement on Agriculture">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_the_Application_of_Sanitary_and_Phytosanitary_Measures" title="Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures">Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Technical_Barriers_to_Trade" title="Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade">Technical Barriers to Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Trade-Related_Investment_Measures" title="Agreement on Trade-Related Investment Measures">Trade-Related Investment Measures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Trade_in_Services" title="General Agreement on Trade in Services">Trade in Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRIPS_Agreement" title="TRIPS Agreement">Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Government_Procurement" title="Agreement on Government Procurement">Government Procurement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_Technology_Agreement" title="Information Technology Agreement">Information Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marrakesh_Agreement" title="Marrakesh Agreement">Marrakesh Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doha_Declaration_on_the_TRIPS_agreement_and_public_health" title="Doha Declaration on the TRIPS agreement and public health">Doha Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bali_Package" title="Bali Package">Bali Package</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ministerial_Conference" title="Ministerial Conference">Ministerial Conferences</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_1996" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1996">1st (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_1998" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1998">2nd (1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_1999" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1999">3rd (1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2001" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2001">4th (2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2003" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2003">5th (2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2005" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2005">6th (2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2009" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2009">7th (2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2011" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2011">8th (2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2013" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2013">9th (2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2015" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2015">10th (2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2017" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2017">11th (2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization_Ministerial_Conference_of_2022" title="World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2022">12th (2022)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ngozi_Okonjo-Iweala" title="Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala">Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala</a> (<a href="/wiki/Director-General_of_the_World_Trade_Organization" title="Director-General of the World Trade Organization">Director-General</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Azev%C3%AAdo" title="Roberto Azevêdo">Roberto Azevêdo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascal_Lamy" title="Pascal Lamy">Pascal Lamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supachai_Panitchpakdi" title="Supachai Panitchpakdi">Supachai Panitchpakdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Jara" title="Alejandro Jara">Alejandro Jara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rufus_Yerxa" title="Rufus Yerxa">Rufus Yerxa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Afghanistan" title="Economy of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Albania" title="Economy of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Algeria" title="Economy of Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Angola" title="Economy of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Economy of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Argentina" title="Economy of Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Armenia" title="Economy of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Australia" title="Economy of Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bahrain" title="Economy of Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bangladesh" title="Economy of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Barbados" title="Economy of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Belize" title="Economy of Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Benin" title="Economy of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bolivia" title="Economy of Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Botswana" title="Economy of Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Brazil" title="Economy of Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Brunei" title="Economy of Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Burkina_Faso" title="Economy of Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Myanmar" title="Economy of Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Burundi" title="Economy of Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cambodia" title="Economy of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cameroon" title="Economy of Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Canada" title="Economy of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cape_Verde" title="Economy of Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Economy of the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Chad" title="Economy of Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Chile" title="Economy of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_China" title="Economy of China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Colombia" title="Economy of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Economy of the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Costa_Rica" title="Economy of Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ivory_Coast" title="Economy of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cuba" title="Economy of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Djibouti" title="Economy of Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Dominica" title="Economy of Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Economy of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ecuador" title="Economy of Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Egypt" title="Economy of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_El_Salvador" title="Economy of El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Eswatini" title="Economy of Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Fiji" title="Economy of Fiji">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Gabon" title="Economy of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Gambia" title="Economy of the Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Economy of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ghana" title="Economy of Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Grenada" title="Economy of Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guatemala" title="Economy of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guinea" title="Economy of Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guinea-Bissau" title="Economy of Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Guyana" title="Economy of Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Haiti" title="Economy of Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Honduras" title="Economy of Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Hong_Kong" title="Economy of Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Iceland" title="Economy of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_India" title="Economy of India">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Indonesia" title="Economy of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Israel" title="Economy of Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Jamaica" title="Economy of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Japan" title="Economy of Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Jordan" title="Economy of Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kazakhstan" title="Economy of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kenya" title="Economy of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Korea" title="Economy of South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kuwait" title="Economy of Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Kyrgyzstan" title="Economy of Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Laos" title="Economy of Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Lesotho" title="Economy of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Liberia" title="Economy of Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Liechtenstein" title="Economy of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Macau" title="Economy of Macau">Macau</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Madagascar" title="Economy of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malawi" title="Economy of Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malaysia" title="Economy of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Maldives" title="Economy of the Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mali" title="Economy of Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mauritania" title="Economy of Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mauritius" title="Economy of Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mexico" title="Economy of Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Moldova" title="Economy of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mongolia" title="Economy of Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Montenegro" title="Economy of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Morocco" title="Economy of Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Mozambique" title="Economy of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Namibia" title="Economy of Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nepal" title="Economy of Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_New_Zealand" title="Economy of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nicaragua" title="Economy of Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Niger" title="Economy of Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Nigeria" title="Economy of Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_North_Macedonia" title="Economy of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Norway" title="Economy of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Oman" title="Economy of Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan" title="Economy of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Panama" title="Economy of Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Economy of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Paraguay" title="Economy of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Peru" title="Economy of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Philippines" title="Economy of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Qatar" title="Economy of Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Russia" title="Economy of Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Rwanda" title="Economy of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Economy of Saint Kitts and Nevis">St. Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Economy of Saint Lucia">St. Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Economy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">St. Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Samoa" title="Economy of Samoa">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Economy of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Senegal" title="Economy of Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Seychelles" title="Economy of Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sierra_Leone" title="Economy of Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Singapore" title="Economy of Singapore">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Solomon_Islands" title="Economy of Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Africa" title="Economy of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Economy of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Suriname" title="Economy of Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Switzerland" title="Economy of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tajikistan" title="Economy of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Taiwan" title="Economy of Taiwan">Taiwan</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tanzania" title="Economy of Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Thailand" title="Economy of Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Togo" title="Economy of Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tonga" title="Economy of Tonga">Tonga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Economy of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tunisia" title="Economy of Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Turkey" title="Economy of Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Uganda" title="Economy of Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ukraine" title="Economy of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Economy of the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Economy of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_United_States" title="Economy of the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Uruguay" title="Economy of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Venezuela" title="Economy of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Vietnam" title="Economy of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Yemen" title="Economy of Yemen">Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Zambia" title="Economy of Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Zimbabwe" title="Economy of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="European_Union" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_European_Union" title="Economy of the European Union">European Union</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Austria" title="Economy of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Belgium" title="Economy of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Bulgaria" title="Economy of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Croatia" title="Economy of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Cyprus" title="Economy of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Economy of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Denmark" title="Economy of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Estonia" title="Economy of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Finland" title="Economy of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_France" title="Economy of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Germany" title="Economy of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Greece" title="Economy of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" title="Economy of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Italy" title="Economy of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Latvia" title="Economy of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Lithuania" title="Economy of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Luxembourg" title="Economy of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Malta" title="Economy of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Economy of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Poland" title="Economy of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Portugal" title="Economy of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Romania" title="Economy of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Slovakia" title="Economy of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Slovenia" title="Economy of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Spain" title="Economy of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Sweden" title="Economy of Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Special_administrative_regions_of_China" title="Special administrative regions of China">Special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China</a>, participating as "Hong Kong, China" and "Macao, China".</li> <li>Officially the Republic of China, participates as "<a href="/wiki/Chinese_Taipei" title="Chinese Taipei">Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu</a>", and "Chinese Taipei" in short.</li></ol> <a href="/wiki/File:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/16px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/24px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/32px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3002" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:World" title="Portal:World">World portal</a> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Economic_classification_of_countries" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Global_economic_classifications" title="Template:Global economic classifications"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Global_economic_classifications" title="Template talk:Global economic classifications"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Global_economic_classifications" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Global economic classifications"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Economic_classification_of_countries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Economic classification of countries</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Developed_country" title="Developed country">Developed country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Developing_country" title="Developing country">Developing country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavily_indebted_poor_countries" title="Heavily indebted poor countries">Heavily indebted poor countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Least_developed_countries" title="Least developed countries">Least developed countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newly_industrialized_country" title="Newly industrialized country">Newly industrialized country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Bank_high-income_economy" title="World Bank high-income economy">World Bank high-income economy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Three-world_model" title="Three-world model">Three/Four-World Model</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_World" title="First World">First World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_World" title="Second World">Second World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_World" title="Third World">Third World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_World" title="Fourth World">Fourth World</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">Gross domestic product</a> (GDP)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product#Nominal_GDP_and_adjustments_to_GDP" title="Gross domestic product">Nominal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">By country</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_past_and_future_GDP_(nominal)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by past and future GDP (nominal)">past and projected</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_past_and_future_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by past and future GDP (nominal) per capita">per capita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">per capita</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product#Cross-border_comparison_and_PPP" title="Gross domestic product">Purchasing power parity</a> (PPP)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">By country</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_future_GDP_(PPP)_estimates" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by future GDP (PPP) estimates">future estimates</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_future_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita_estimates" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by future GDP (PPP) per capita estimates">per capita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_person_employed" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per person employed">per person employed</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gross_national_income" title="Gross national income">Gross national income</a> (GNI)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GNI_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GNI (nominal) per capita">Nominal per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_income" title="Real income">Real income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GNI_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GNI (PPP) per capita">PPP per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GNI_per_capita_growth" title="List of countries by GNI per capita growth">Per capita growth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disposable_household_and_per_capita_income" title="Disposable household and per capita income">Disposable income</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wage" title="Wage">Wages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_average_wage" title="List of countries by average wage">Average wage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_countries_by_average_wage" title="List of European countries by average wage">Europe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_employee_compensation_(per_hour)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by employee compensation (per hour)">Employee compensation (per hour)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_median_wage" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by median wage">List of countries by median wage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minimum_wages_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="List of minimum wages by country">Minimum wages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minimum_wages_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="List of minimum wages in Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_in_Europe_by_minimum_wage" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereign states in Europe by minimum wage">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimum_wage_in_the_United_States" title="Minimum wage in the United States">United States</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_wealth" class="mw-redirect" title="National wealth">Wealth</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_wealth_per_adult" title="List of countries by wealth per adult">Wealth per adult</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wealth_distribution_in_Europe" title="Wealth distribution in Europe">Europe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_financial_assets_per_capita" title="List of countries by financial assets per capita">Financial assets per capita</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/National_accounts" title="National accounts">national accounts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gross_National_Happiness" title="Gross National Happiness">Gross National Happiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Net_material_product" title="Net material product">Net material product</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_research_and_development_spending" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by research and development spending">Research and development spending</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_stock_market_capitalization" title="List of countries by stock market capitalization">Stock market capitalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Intellectual_Property_Indicators" title="World Intellectual Property Indicators">Patents, trademarks, and industrial design filing activity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_development_(humanity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Human development (humanity)">Human development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">Human Development Index</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of countries by Human Development Index">by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_inequality-adjusted_HDI" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by inequality-adjusted HDI">inequality-adjusted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_planetary_pressures%E2%80%93adjusted_HDI" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by planetary pressures–adjusted HDI">planetary pressures–adjusted HDI</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Poverty_Index" title="Human Poverty Index">Human Poverty Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_percentage_of_population_living_in_poverty" title="List of countries by percentage of population living in poverty">Percentage living in poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Capital_Index" title="Human Capital Index">Human Capital Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_income" class="mw-redirect" title="Household income">Household income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Progress_Index" title="Social Progress Index">Social Progress Index</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Digital_divide" title="Digital divide">Digital divide</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ICT_Development_Index" title="ICT Development Index">ICT Development Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_number_of_broadband_Internet_subscriptions" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by number of broadband Internet subscriptions">Number of broadband Internet subscriptions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_number_of_Internet_users" title="List of countries by number of Internet users">Number of Internet users</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_smartphone_penetration" title="List of countries by smartphone penetration">Smartphone penetration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Net_international_investment_position" title="Net international investment position">Net international investment position</a> (NIIP)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_creditor_nations_by_net_international_investment_position_per_capita" class="mw-redirect" title="List of creditor nations by net international investment position per capita">Per capita (creditors)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_debtor_nations_by_net_international_investment_position_per_capita" class="mw-redirect" title="List of debtor nations by net international investment position per capita">Per capita (debtors)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-money.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/16px-Emblem-money.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/24px-Emblem-money.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Emblem-money.svg/32px-Emblem-money.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Economics" title="Portal:Economics">Economics portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/16px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/24px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/32px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3002" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Portal:World" title="Portal:World">World portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lists_of_countries_by_financial_rankings" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Finance_country_lists" title="Template:Finance country lists"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Finance_country_lists" title="Template talk:Finance country lists"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Finance_country_lists" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Finance country lists"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lists_of_countries_by_financial_rankings" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories" title="Lists of sovereign states and dependent territories">Lists of countries</a> by <a href="/wiki/International_finance" title="International finance">financial</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_international_rankings" title="List of international rankings">rankings</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/International_trade#Largest_countries_or_regions_by_total_international_trade" title="International trade">Trade</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_by_current_account_balance" title="List of sovereign states by current account balance">Account balance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_current_account_balance_as_a_percentage_of_GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by current account balance as a percentage of GDP">% of GDP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_exports" title="List of countries by exports">Exports</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_top_exporting_countries_by_product_category" title="List of top exporting countries by product category">by product</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_merchandise_exports" title="List of countries by merchandise exports">merchandise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_net_exports" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by net exports">net</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_exports_per_capita" title="List of countries by exports per capita">per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_service_exports" title="List of countries by service exports">service exports</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_imports" title="List of countries by imports">Imports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_trade-to-GDP_ratio" title="List of countries by trade-to-GDP ratio">Trade-to-GDP ratio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_tariff_rate" title="List of countries by tariff rate">Tariff rate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_leading_trade_partners" title="List of countries by leading trade partners">Leading trade partners</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment" title="Foreign direct investment">Investment</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_received_FDI" title="List of countries by received FDI">FDI received</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_received_FDI_in_the_past" title="List of countries by received FDI in the past">past</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_FDI_abroad" title="List of countries by FDI abroad">FDI abroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_by_gross_fixed_investment_as_percentage_of_GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereign states by gross fixed investment as percentage of GDP">GFI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Funds</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_foreign-exchange_reserves" title="List of countries by foreign-exchange reserves">Forex reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_reserve#Officially_reported_holdings" title="Gold reserve">Gold reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_sovereign_wealth_funds" title="List of countries by sovereign wealth funds">Sovereign wealth funds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pension_fund#Largest_pension_funds" title="Pension fund">Pension funds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_net_international_investment_position_per_capita" title="List of countries by net international investment position per capita">Creditor nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_net_international_investment_position_per_capita" title="List of countries by net international investment position per capita">Debtor nations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Budget and debt</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_government_budget" title="List of countries by government budget">Government budget</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_government_budget_(PPP)" title="List of countries by government budget (PPP)">PPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_government_spending_as_percentage_of_GDP" title="List of countries by government spending as percentage of GDP">% of GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_government_budget_per_capita" title="List of countries by government budget per capita">per capita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_credit_rating" title="List of countries by credit rating">Credit rating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_external_debt" title="List of countries by external debt">External debt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_public_debt" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by public debt">Public debt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_future_gross_government_debt" title="List of countries by future gross government debt">future</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_household_debt" title="List of countries by household debt">Household debt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_corporate_debt" title="List of countries by corporate debt">Corporate debt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Income and taxes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_tax_rates" title="List of countries by tax rates">Tax rates</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_inheritance_tax_rates" title="List of countries by inheritance tax rates">Inheritance tax</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_by_tax_revenue_to_GDP_ratio" title="List of sovereign states by tax revenue to GDP ratio">Tax revenue</a></li> <li>Wage <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_average_wage" title="List of countries by average wage">average</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_median_wage" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by median wage">median</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_minimum_wage" title="List of countries by minimum wage">minimum</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bank rates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_by_central_bank_interest_rates" title="List of sovereign states by central bank interest rates">Central bank interest rate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_commercial_bank_prime_lending_rate" title="List of countries by commercial bank prime lending rate">Commercial bank prime lending rate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Currency" title="Currency">Currency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_inflation_rate" title="List of countries by inflation rate">Inflation rate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Financial_Development_Index" title="Financial Development Index">Financial Development Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_average_annual_labor_hours" title="List of countries by average annual labor hours">Average annual labor hours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_corporate_governance" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by corporate governance">Corporate governance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_development_aid_sovereign_state_donors" title="List of development aid sovereign state donors">Development aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ease_of_doing_business_index#Ranking" title="Ease of doing business index">Ease of doing business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_gross_national_savings" title="List of countries by gross national savings">Gross national savings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_price_level" title="List of countries by price level">Price level</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_by_employment_rate" title="List of sovereign states by employment rate">Employment</a>/<a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_by_unemployment_rate" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereign states by unemployment rate">Unemployment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_by_financial_assets" title="List of sovereign states by financial assets">Financial assets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_labour_productivity" title="List of countries by labour productivity">Labour productivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_total_wealth" title="List of countries by total wealth">Wealth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:GDP_country_lists" title="Template:GDP country lists">Lists of countries by GDP rankings</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_rankings" title="List of international rankings">List of international rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_by_country" title="Lists by country">Lists by country</a></li></ul> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lists_of_countries_by_GDP_rankings" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:GDP_country_lists" title="Template:GDP country lists"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:GDP_country_lists" title="Template talk:GDP country lists"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:GDP_country_lists" title="Special:EditPage/Template:GDP country lists"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lists_of_countries_by_GDP_rankings" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_sovereign_states_and_dependent_territories" title="Lists of sovereign states and dependent territories">Lists of countries</a> by <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> rankings</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">Nominal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">Per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_past_and_projected_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by past and projected GDP (nominal)">Past and projected</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_past_and_projected_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by past and projected GDP (nominal) per capita">per capita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_sector_composition" title="List of countries by GDP sector composition">Sector composition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">Purchasing power parity (PPP)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">Per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_by_past_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of regions by past GDP (PPP)">Past</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_by_past_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of regions by past GDP (PPP) per capita">per capita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_past_and_projected_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by past and projected GDP (PPP)">Past and projected</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_past_and_projected_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by past and projected GDP (PPP) per capita">per capita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_household_final_consumption_expenditure_per_capita" title="List of countries by household final consumption expenditure per capita">Private consumption per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_person_employed" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per person employed">Per person employed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_largest_historical_GDP" title="List of countries by largest historical GDP">Ten largest historically</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_real_GDP_growth_rate" title="List of countries by real GDP growth rate">Growth rate</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African_countries_by_GDP_growth" title="List of African countries by GDP growth">African countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_states_by_GDP_growth" title="List of Asian states by GDP growth">Asian states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_Union_member_states_by_GDP_growth" title="List of European Union member states by GDP growth">European Union member states</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_countries_by_GDP_growth" title="List of European countries by GDP growth">European countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin_American_and_Caribbean_countries_by_GDP_growth" title="List of Latin American and Caribbean countries by GDP growth">Latin American and Caribbean countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Oceanian_countries_by_GDP_growth" title="List of Oceanian countries by GDP growth">Oceanian countries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_real_GDP_per_capita_growth" title="List of countries by real GDP per capita growth">Per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_growth_1980%E2%80%932010" title="List of countries by GDP growth 1980–2010">1980–2010 growth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_industrial_production_growth_rate" title="List of countries by industrial production growth rate">Industrial growth</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gross_national_income" title="Gross national income">Gross national income (GNI)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GNI_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GNI (PPP) per capita">PPP per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GNI_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GNI (nominal) per capita">Nominal per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_income" title="Real income">Real income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GNI_per_capita_growth" title="List of countries by GNI per capita growth">Per capita growth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disposable_household_and_per_capita_income" title="Disposable household and per capita income">Disposable income</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Countries by region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Africa <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of African countries by GDP (PPP)">PPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of African countries by GDP (nominal)">nominal</a></li></ul></li> <li>Commonwealth of Nations <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Commonwealth_of_Nations_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of Commonwealth of Nations countries by GDP (PPP)">PPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Commonwealth_of_Nations_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of Commonwealth of Nations countries by GDP (nominal)">nominal</a></li></ul></li> <li>Latin America & Caribbean <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin_American_and_Caribbean_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of Latin American and Caribbean countries by GDP (PPP)">PPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Latin_American_and_Caribbean_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of Latin American and Caribbean countries by GDP (nominal)">nominal</a></li></ul></li> <li>North America <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_North_American_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of North American countries by GDP (PPP)">PPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_North_American_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of North American countries by GDP (nominal)">nominal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_North_American_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of North American countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">nominal per capita</a></li></ul></li> <li>South America <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_American_countries_and_dependencies_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of South American countries and dependencies by GDP (PPP)">PPP</a></li></ul></li> <li>Arab League <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arab_League_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of Arab League countries by GDP (nominal)">nominal and per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Arab_League_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of Arab League countries by GDP (PPP)">PPP and per capita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ASEAN_countries_by_GDP" title="List of ASEAN countries by GDP">ASEAN</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ASEAN_country_subdivisions_by_GDP" title="List of ASEAN country subdivisions by GDP">subdivision</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_countries_by_GDP" title="List of Asian countries by GDP">Asia</a></li> <li>Asia & Pacific <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_in_Asia-Pacific_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries in Asia-Pacific by GDP (nominal)">nominal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_and_Pacific_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of Asian and Pacific countries by GDP (PPP)">PPP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Soviet_states#Economy" title="Post-Soviet states">Former Soviet Republics</a></li> <li>Europe <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_in_Europe_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of sovereign states in Europe by GDP (PPP)">PPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_in_Europe_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of sovereign states in Europe by GDP (PPP) per capita">PPP per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_in_Europe_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of sovereign states in Europe by GDP (nominal)">nominal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_in_Europe_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of sovereign states in Europe by GDP (nominal) per capita">nominal per capita</a></li></ul></li> <li>Oceania <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Oceanian_countries_by_GDP" title="List of Oceanian countries by GDP">GDP</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subnational divisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_of_Albania_by_GDP" title="List of counties of Albania by GDP">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Argentine_provinces_by_gross_regional_product" title="List of Argentine provinces by gross regional product">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Armenia#Regional_GDP" title="Economy of Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_states_and_territories_by_gross_state_product" title="List of Australian states and territories by gross state product">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Austrian_states_by_GDP" title="List of Austrian states by GDP">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Baltic_States_by_gross_regional_product_(GRP)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regions of Baltic States by gross regional product (GRP)">Baltic States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Belarus#Gross_Regional_Domestic_Product_(GRDP)" title="Economy of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Belgian_provinces_by_GDP" title="List of Belgian provinces by GDP">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Brazilian_federative_units_by_gross_regional_product" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Brazilian federative units by gross regional product">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bulgarian_provinces_by_GDP" title="List of Bulgarian provinces by GDP">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_provinces_and_territories_by_gross_domestic_product" title="List of Canadian provinces and territories by gross domestic product">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Canadian_provinces_and_territories_by_gross_domestic_product#Census_metropolitan_areas_(CMA)_by_GDP,_2020" title="List of Canadian provinces and territories by gross domestic product">cities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranked_lists_of_Chilean_regions#By_regional_GDP_(PPP)" title="Ranked lists of Chilean regions">Chile</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranked_lists_of_Chilean_regions#By_regional_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="Ranked lists of Chilean regions">per capita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_administrative_divisions_by_GDP" title="List of Chinese administrative divisions by GDP">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_administrative_divisions_by_GDP_per_capita" title="List of Chinese administrative divisions by GDP per capita">per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_prefecture-level_cities_by_GDP" title="List of Chinese prefecture-level cities by GDP">cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prefecture-level_divisions_of_China_by_GDP" title="List of prefecture-level divisions of China by GDP">prefectures</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Colombian_departments_by_GDP" title="List of Colombian departments by GDP">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Croatian_counties_by_GDP" title="List of Croatian counties by GDP">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Czech_regions_by_GDP" title="List of Czech regions by GDP">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governorates_of_Egypt_by_GDP" title="List of governorates of Egypt by GDP">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Finnish_regions_by_GDP" title="List of Finnish regions by GDP">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_regions_and_overseas_collectivities_by_GDP" title="List of French regions and overseas collectivities by GDP">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_French_regions_and_overseas_departments_by_GRP_per_capita" title="List of French regions and overseas departments by GRP per capita">per capita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Georgian_regions_by_GDP" title="List of Georgian regions by GDP">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_German_states_by_GRP" class="mw-redirect" title="List of German states by GRP">Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_German_states_by_GRP_per_capita" class="mw-redirect" title="List of German states by GRP per capita">per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_German_cities_by_GDP" title="List of German cities by GDP">cities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_subdivisions_by_GDP" title="List of Greek subdivisions by GDP">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hungarian_counties_by_GDP" title="List of Hungarian counties by GDP">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_states_and_union_territories_by_GDP" title="List of Indian states and union territories by GDP">India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_between_Indian_states_and_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="Comparison between Indian states and countries by GDP (PPP)">PPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indian_states_and_union_territories_by_GDP_per_capita" title="List of Indian states and union territories by GDP per capita">per capita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_provinces_by_GDP" title="List of Indonesian provinces by GDP">Indonesia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_provinces_by_GDP_per_capita" title="List of Indonesian provinces by GDP per capita">per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_cities_by_GDP" title="List of Indonesian cities by GDP">cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_regencies_by_GDP" title="List of Indonesian regencies by GDP">regencies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_regions_by_GDP" title="List of Italian regions by GDP">Italy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Italian_regions_by_GRP_per_capita" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Italian regions by GRP per capita">nominal per capita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_prefectures_by_GDP" title="List of Japanese prefectures by GDP">Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_prefectures_by_GDP_per_capita" title="List of Japanese prefectures by GDP per capita">per capita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Kazakhstan_by_GDP" title="List of regions of Kazakhstan by GDP">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_of_Kenya_by_GCP" class="mw-redirect" title="List of counties of Kenya by GCP">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Malaysian_states_by_GDP" title="List of Malaysian states by GDP">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mexican_states_by_GDP" title="List of Mexican states by GDP">Mexico</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mexican_states_by_GDP_per_capita" title="List of Mexican states by GDP per capita">per capita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Moldova#Regional_GDP" title="Economy of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mongolian_provinces_by_GDP" title="List of Mongolian provinces by GDP">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_the_Netherlands#Geography" title="Provinces of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nigerian_states_by_GDP" title="List of Nigerian states by GDP">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Nepalese_provinces_by_GDP" title="List of Nepalese provinces by GDP">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_New_Zealand_by_GDP" title="List of regions of New Zealand by GDP">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Norwegian_counties_by_GDP" title="List of Norwegian counties by GDP">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Pakistani_provinces_by_gross_state_product" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Pakistani provinces by gross state product">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Peru_by_GDP" title="List of regions of Peru by GDP">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_Philippines_by_GDP" title="List of regions of the Philippines by GDP">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Poland_by_GDP" title="List of regions of Poland by GDP">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Portuguese_administrative_divisions_by_GDP" title="List of Portuguese administrative divisions by GDP">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Romanian_counties_by_GDP" title="List of Romanian counties by GDP">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_subjects_of_Russia_by_GRP" class="mw-redirect" title="List of federal subjects of Russia by GRP">Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_subjects_of_Russia_by_GDP_per_capita" title="List of federal subjects of Russia by GDP per capita">per capita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Saudi_Arabia#Regional_GDP" title="Economy of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Serbian_regions_by_GDP" title="List of Serbian regions by GDP">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Slovak_regions_by_GDP" title="List of Slovak regions by GDP">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_African_provinces_by_GDP" title="List of South African provinces by GDP">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_Korean_regions_by_GDP" title="List of South Korean regions by GDP">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_autonomous_communities_by_gross_domestic_product" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Spanish autonomous communities by gross domestic product">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Swedish_counties_by_GDP" title="List of Swedish counties by GDP">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Swiss_cantons_by_GRP" title="List of Swiss cantons by GRP">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ukrainian_subdivisions_by_GRP" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ukrainian subdivisions by GRP">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_Kingdom_by_GRDP" title="List of regions of the United Kingdom by GRDP">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_Kingdom_by_GRP_per_capita" title="List of regions of the United Kingdom by GRP per capita">Level 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ceremonial_counties_in_England_by_GDP" title="List of ceremonial counties in England by GDP">English counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_UK_cities_by_GDP" title="List of UK cities by GDP">cities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_and_territories_of_the_United_States_by_GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="List of states and territories of the United States by GDP">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_US_counties_by_GDP" title="List of US counties by GDP">counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._metropolitan_areas_by_GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="List of U.S. metropolitan areas by GDP">cities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Taiwan#Economy_by_region" title="Economy of Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Tanzania_by_GDP" title="List of regions of Tanzania by GDP">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Thai_provinces_by_GPP" title="List of Thai provinces by GPP">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Turkish_provinces_by_GDP" title="List of Turkish provinces by GDP">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Vietnamese_subdivisions_by_GDP" title="List of Vietnamese subdivisions by GDP">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_OECD_regions_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of OECD regions by GDP (PPP) per capita">OECD</a></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/List_of_country_subdivisions_by_GDP_over_200_billion_US_dollars" class="mw-redirect" title="List of country subdivisions by GDP over 200 billion US dollars">*Top country subdivisions by GDP</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_first-level_administrative_country_subdivisions_by_GDP_per_capita" class="mw-redirect" title="List of first-level administrative country subdivisions by GDP per capita">*Top country subdivisions by GDP per capita</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_by_GDP_over_US$100_billion" title="List of metropolitan areas by GDP over US$100 billion">*Top country metropolitan by GDP</a> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Finance_country_lists" title="Template:Finance country lists">Lists of countries by financial rankings</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_rankings" title="List of international rankings">List of international rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_by_country" title="Lists by country">Lists by country</a></li></ul> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output 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