CINXE.COM

AMS :: Transactions of the American Mathematical Society

<!-- MHS 07/09/2024 A --> <!-- Change MCQ numbers 7/9/24 --> <!doctype html> <html lang="en"> <head> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-26G4XFTR63"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-26G4XFTR63'); </script> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-P3772VN');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="Transactions of the American Mathematical Society"> <meta name="citation_journal_abbrev" content="Trans. Amer. Math. Soc."> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://www.ams.org/tran/2020-373-06/S0002-9947-2020-08000-3/"> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://www.ams.org/tran/2020-373-06/S0002-9947-2020-08000-3/S0002-9947-2020-08000-3.pdf"> <meta name="citation_issn" content="0002-9947"> <meta name="citation_issn" content="1088-6850"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Arsénio, Diogo"> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="Department of Mathematics, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"> <meta name="citation_author_email" content="diogo.arsenio@nyu.edu"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Gallagher, Isabelle"> <meta name="citation_author_institution" content="DMA, École normale supérieure, CNRS, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris; and UFR de mathématiques, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 75013 Paris, France"> <meta name="citation_author_email" content="gallagher@math.ens.fr"> <meta name="citation_title" content="Solutions of Navier–Stokes–Maxwell systems in large energy spaces"> <meta name="citation_online_date" content="2020/03/09"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2020/06"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="373"> <meta name="citation_issue" content="6"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="3853"> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="3884"> <meta name="citation_doi" content="10.1090/tran/8000"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="Navier–Stokes equations"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="Maxwell’s equations"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="plasmas"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="existence of weak solutions"> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="energy space"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Arsénio, Diogo; citation_author=Ibrahim, Slim; citation_author=Masmoudi, Nader; citation_title=A derivation of the magnetohydrodynamic system from Navier-Stokes-Maxwell systems; citation_journal_title=Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal.; citation_issn=0003-9527; citation_publication_date=2015; citation_volume=216; citation_issue=3; citation_firstpage=767; citation_lastpage=812; citation_doi=10.1007/s00205-014-0819-9"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Arsénio, Diogo; citation_author=Saint-Raymond, Laure; citation_title=From the Vlasov-Maxwell-Boltzmann system to incompressible viscous electro-magneto-hydrodynamics. Vol. 1; citation_isbn=978-3-03719-193-4; citation_publisher=European Mathematical Society (EMS), Zürich; citation_publication_date=2019; citation_doi=10.4171/193"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Aubin, Jean-Pierre; citation_title=Un théorème de compacité; citation_journal_title=C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris; citation_issn=0001-4036; citation_publication_date=1963; citation_volume=256; citation_firstpage=5042; citation_lastpage=5044"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Bahouri, Hajer; citation_author=Chemin, Jean-Yves; citation_author=Danchin, Raphaël; citation_title=Fourier analysis and nonlinear partial differential equations; citation_isbn=978-3-642-16829-1; citation_publisher=Springer, Heidelberg; citation_publication_date=2011; citation_volume=343; citation_doi=10.1007/978-3-642-16830-7"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Bergh, Jöran; citation_author=Löfström, Jörgen; citation_title=Interpolation spaces. An introduction; citation_publisher=Springer-Verlag, Berlin-New York; citation_publication_date=1976"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Biskamp, Dieter; citation_title=Nonlinear magnetohydrodynamics; citation_isbn=0-521-40206-9; citation_publisher=Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; citation_publication_date=1993; citation_volume=1; citation_doi=10.1017/CBO9780511599965"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Chemin, J.-Y.; citation_author=Lerner, N.; citation_title=Flot de champs de vecteurs non lipschitziens et équations de Navier-Stokes; citation_journal_title=J. Differential Equations; citation_issn=0022-0396; citation_publication_date=1995; citation_volume=121; citation_issue=2; citation_firstpage=314; citation_lastpage=328; citation_doi=10.1006/jdeq.1995.1131"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Chemin, Jean-Yves; citation_author=Gallagher, Isabelle; citation_title=On the global wellposedness of the 3-D Navier-Stokes equations with large initial data; citation_journal_title=Ann. Sci. École Norm. Sup. (4); citation_issn=0012-9593; citation_publication_date=2006; citation_volume=39; citation_issue=4; citation_firstpage=679; citation_lastpage=698; citation_doi=10.1016/j.ansens.2006.07.002"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Davidson, P. A.; citation_title=An introduction to magnetohydrodynamics; citation_isbn=0-521-79487-0; citation_publisher=Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; citation_publication_date=2001; citation_doi=10.1017/CBO9780511626333"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Furioli, Giulia; citation_author=Lemarié-Rieusset, Pierre G.; citation_author=Terraneo, Elide; citation_title=Unicité dans 𝐿³(ℝ³) et d’autres espaces fonctionnels limites pour Navier-Stokes; citation_journal_title=Rev. Mat. Iberoamericana; citation_issn=0213-2230; citation_publication_date=2000; citation_volume=16; citation_issue=3; citation_firstpage=605; citation_lastpage=667; citation_doi=10.4171/RMI/286"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Germain, Pierre; citation_author=Ibrahim, Slim; citation_author=Masmoudi, Nader; citation_title=Well-posedness of the Navier-Stokes-Maxwell equations; citation_journal_title=Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh Sect. A; citation_issn=0308-2105; citation_publication_date=2014; citation_volume=144; citation_issue=1; citation_firstpage=71; citation_lastpage=86; citation_doi=10.1017/S0308210512001242"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Grafakos, Loukas; citation_title=Classical Fourier analysis; citation_isbn=978-0-387-09431-1; citation_publisher=Springer, New York; citation_publication_date=2008; citation_volume=249"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Ibrahim, Slim; citation_author=Keraani, Sahbi; citation_title=Global small solutions for the Navier-Stokes-Maxwell system; citation_journal_title=SIAM J. Math. Anal.; citation_issn=0036-1410; citation_publication_date=2011; citation_volume=43; citation_issue=5; citation_firstpage=2275; citation_lastpage=2295; citation_doi=10.1137/100819813"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Lemarié-Rieusset, P. G.; citation_title=Recent developments in the Navier-Stokes problem; citation_isbn=1-58488-220-4; citation_publisher=Chapman & Hall/CRC, Boca Raton, FL; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_volume=431; citation_doi=10.1201/9781420035674"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Lemarié-Rieusset, Pierre Gilles; citation_title=The Navier-Stokes problem in the 21st century; citation_isbn=978-1-4665-6621-7; citation_publisher=CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL; citation_publication_date=2016; citation_doi=10.1201/b19556"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Leray, Jean; citation_title=Étude de diverses équations intégrales non linéaires et de quelques problèmes que pose l’hydrodynamique; citation_publisher=NUMDAM, [place of publication not identified]; citation_publication_date=1933; citation_firstpage=82"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Leray, Jean; citation_title=Sur le mouvement d’un liquide visqueux emplissant l’espace; citation_journal_title=Acta Math.; citation_issn=0001-5962; citation_publication_date=1934; citation_volume=63; citation_issue=1; citation_firstpage=193; citation_lastpage=248; citation_doi=10.1007/BF02547354"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Lions, J.-L.; citation_title=Équations différentielles opérationnelles et problèmes aux limites; citation_publisher=Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Göttingen-Heidelberg; citation_publication_date=1961"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Lions, P.-L.; citation_author=Masmoudi, N.; citation_title=Uniqueness of mild solutions of the Navier-Stokes system in 𝐿^{𝑁}; citation_journal_title=Comm. Partial Differential Equations; citation_issn=0360-5302; citation_publication_date=2001; citation_volume=26; citation_issue=11-12; citation_firstpage=2211; citation_lastpage=2226; citation_doi=10.1081/PDE-100107819"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Masmoudi, Nader; citation_title=Global well posedness for the Maxwell-Navier-Stokes system in 2D; citation_journal_title=J. Math. Pures Appl. (9); citation_issn=0021-7824; citation_publication_date=2010; citation_volume=93; citation_issue=6; citation_firstpage=559; citation_lastpage=571; citation_doi=10.1016/j.matpur.2009.08.007"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Monniaux, Sylvie; citation_title=On uniqueness for the Navier-Stokes system in 3D-bounded Lipschitz domains; citation_journal_title=J. Funct. Anal.; citation_issn=0022-1236; citation_publication_date=2002; citation_volume=195; citation_issue=1; citation_firstpage=1; citation_lastpage=11; citation_doi=10.1006/jfan.2002.3902"> <meta name="citation_reference" content="citation_author=Simon, Jacques; citation_title=Compact sets in the space 𝐿^{𝑝}(0,𝑇;𝐵); citation_journal_title=Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. (4); citation_issn=0003-4622; citation_publication_date=1987; citation_volume=146; citation_firstpage=65; citation_lastpage=96; citation_doi=10.1007/BF01762360"> <title>AMS :: Transactions of the American Mathematical Society</title> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="qgGBs5iVsNDj2WY9FYh6Yz2frsj8rnOcWTzEp-vDsHg" /> <!-- Theming the browser's address bar to match our brand's colors provides a more immersive user experience --> <meta name="theme-color" content="#0057b8"/> <!-- START - Facebook Open Graph, Google+ and Twitter Card Tags --> <!-- Open Graph general (Facebook, Pinterest, LinkedIn) --> <meta property="og:title" content="American Mathematical Society" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Advancing research. Creating connections." /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.ams.org/images/Logo-Stacked.gif" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="400" /> <meta property="og:image:alt" content="American Mathematical Society" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="American Mathematical Society"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/amermathsoc" /> <!-- Twitter --> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@amermathsoc"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="American Mathematical Society"> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Advancing research. Creating connections."> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.ams.org/images/Logo-Stacked.gif"> <meta name="twitter:image:alt" content="American Mathematical Society"> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@authorUsername"> <!-- END - Facebook Open Graph, Google+ and Twitter Card Tags--> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "url": "http://www.ams.org", "logo": "https://www.ams.org/images/content/logo.png", "sameAs": [ "https://www.facebook.com/amermathsoc", "https://twitter.com/amermathsoc", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/american-mathematical-society" ], "contactPoint": [ { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "+1-800-321-4267", "faxNumber": "+1-401-455-4000", "contactType": "Customer Service", "productSupported": "Corporate Operations", "contactOption": "TollFree", "areaServed": "Worldwide" }, { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "+1-919-515-7863", "faxNumber": "+1-919-515-7896", "contactType": "Customer Service", "productSupported": "American Mathematical Society: Office of the Secretary (Governance)", "areaServed": ["US"], "availableLanguage": ["English"] } ], "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "201 Charles Street", "addressLocality": "Providence", "addressRegion": "RI", "postalCode": "02904-2213", "addressCountry": "US" }, "foundingDate": "1888" } </script> <!-- Favorites Icons --> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="https://www.ams.org/images/Logo-Favicon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="https://www.ams.org/images/Logo-Favicon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.ams.org/images/Logo-Favicon.png"> <!-- rss feed for feed readers --> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="AMS News" href="https://www.ams.org/cgi-bin/content/news_items.cgi?rss=1" /> <!-- Prefetch --> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://ajax.googleapis.com" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com" /> <!-- Preconnect for google fonts - speed up font load --> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/" crossorigin> <!-- Bootstrap accessibility --> <link href="/css/bootstrap-accessibility.css" rel="stylesheet preload" as="style"> <!-- Typography --> <link rel="stylesheet prefetch" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,400i,600,600i,700,700i&display=swap&amp;subset=latin-ext" rel="preload" as="font" crossorigin> <link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Merriweather&display=swap" rel="preload" crossorigin> <!-- Bootstrap CSS --> <link href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.5/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet" crossorigin> <!-- Google search CSS --> <link href="/css/newgooglecss.css" rel="stylesheet preload" as="style"> <!-- 2022 Redesign --> <link href="/css/2022_website.css" rel="stylesheet preload" as="style"> <link href="/css/yammcss.css" rel="stylesheet preload" type="text/css" as="style"> <link href="/css/global-code.css" rel="stylesheet preload" as="style"> <!-- jQuery then Bootstrap --> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.6.0/jquery.min.js"></script> <script src="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.4.1/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script> <script src="/js/jquery.modal.min.js"></script> <!-- Placed by txm 26 Nov 2018 Hotjar Tracking Code for https://www.ams.org/ --> <script> (function(h,o,t,j,a,r){ h.hj=h.hj||function(){(h.hj.q=h.hj.q||[]).push(arguments)}; h._hjSettings={hjid:1104779,hjsv:6}; a=o.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; r=o.createElement('script');r.async=1; r.src=t+h._hjSettings.hjid+j+h._hjSettings.hjsv; a.appendChild(r); })(window,document,'https://static.hotjar.com/c/hotjar-','.js?sv='); </script> <script src="/js/bootstrap-accessibility.js"></script> <!-- MEGAMENU SCRIPT--> <script> $(function() { $(document).on('click', '.yamm .dropdown-menu', function(e) { e.stopPropagation() }) }) </script> <!-- END MEGAMENU SCRIPT--> <!-- google search script --> <script> (function() { var cx = '006070101833274801941:dcorgy__oqo'; var gcse = document.createElement('script'); gcse.type = 'text/javascript'; gcse.async = true; gcse.src = 'https://cse.google.com/cse.js?cx=' + cx; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(gcse, s); })(); window.onload = function(){ document.getElementById('gsc-i-id1').placeholder = 'Enhanced by Google'; }; </script> <!-- / google search script --> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/cookieconsent.min.css" /> <script src="/js/cookieconsent.min.js"></script> <script> window.addEventListener("load", function(){ window.cookieconsent.initialise({ "palette": { "popup": { "background": "#edeff5", "text": "#000000" }, "button": { "background": "#4b81e8" } }, "theme": "classic", "position": "bottom-right", "content": { "message": "This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website.", "href": "/privacy", "dismiss": "Okay", "link": "Learn more about our privacy policy" } })}); </script> <!-- Maze testing script added bt txm on 22 June 2023--> <script> (function (m, a, z, e) { var s, t; try { t = m.sessionStorage.getItem('maze-us'); } catch (err) {} if (!t) { t = new Date().getTime(); try { m.sessionStorage.setItem('maze-us', t); } catch (err) {} } s = a.createElement('script'); s.src = z + '?t=' + t + '&apiKey=' + e; s.async = true; a.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(s); m.mazeUniversalSnippetApiKey = e; })(window, document, 'https://snippet.maze.co/maze-universal-loader.js', '2fe4033d-f108-44b9-98e0-e2bae788add9'); </script> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="qgGBs5iVsNDj2WY9FYh6Yz2frsj8rnOcWTzEp-vDsHg" /> <meta name="msvalidate.01" content="00231D27FB6DCA6C6AA0841A6E522453" /> </head> <body> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-P3772VN" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <a class="button button--skip-link" href="#main-content">Skip to Main Content</a> <input type="hidden" id="ams_class_id" value="1" /> <div class="navbar yamm navbar-default navbar-fixed-top"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="navbar-header"> <!-- things inside this header remain visible in mobile--> <button aria-label="Toggle navigation" aria-controls="navbar-collapse-1" aria-expanded="false" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbar-collapse-1" class="navbar-toggle"> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <a href="/" class="navbar-brand1"> <img src="https://www.ams.org/images/content/logo.png" width="350" height="92" loading="lazy" alt="American Mathematical Society" class="img-responsive amslogo visible-lg visible-md" aria-label="Welcome to the American Mathematical Society. Advancing research. Creating connections."> <img src="https://www.ams.org/images/mathstat-logo-ams.png" alt="American Mathematical Society" class="img-responsive amslogo visible-xs-inline visible-sm-inline" loading="lazy" ></a> <!-- things inside the header remain visible in mobile--> </div> <div id="navbar-collapse-1" class="navbar-collapse collapse"> <!-- things inside this navbar-collapse-1 will be hiden in mobile--> <p class="navbar-text navbar-right commerceitems"> <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org" class="navbar-link orange">MathSciNet</a> <a href="https://bookstore.ams.org" class="navbar-link" id="bookstorelink">Bookstore</a> <!-- Commerce --> <span id="accountDiv"></span> <script src="/js/ajax.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> function loadAccount () { makeRequest('/cgi-bin/content/account_header.cgi', 'accountDiv'); //makeRequest('https://prsdev.ams.org/ebus/AccountHeader.aspx', 'accountDiv'); } if (window.addEventListener) window.addEventListener('load', loadAccount, false); else if (window.attachEvent) window.attachEvent('onload', loadAccount); </script> <!-- / Commerce --><br /> <!-- Search --> <span class="navbar-text navbar-right" id="search-box" role="search" aria-label="Sitewide"> <gcse:searchbox-only></gcse:searchbox-only> </span> <!-- / search --> </p> <!-- Mega Menu --> <div class="clearfix hidden-xs hidden-sm"><br></div> <section id="main-nav" role="navigation" aria-label="Main"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-center grayrow"> <!-- Content areas --> <li class="dropdown yamm-fw"> <button style="border: none;" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle megahead" aria-expanded="false">Publications<b class="caret"></b></button> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li> <!-- Content container to add padding --> <div class="yamm-content"> <div class="row underline"> <h2 class="megaIntroHeader" aria-label="Jump to the publications homepage"><a href="/publications" id="Publications"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> Publications Home</a> <small> &mdash; <em>Over 100 years of publishing excellence</em></small></h2> </div> <div class="row"> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/books/book-series">Books</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="https://bookstore.ams.org/">Bookstore</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/arc/books/index.html">Book Author Resources</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/submit-proposal/submit-proposal">Submit a Book Proposal</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/publications/pubpermissions">AMS Rights, Licensing, Permissions</a></li> <li class="h3 megalinksHeader"><strong><a href="/open-math-notes">Open Math Notes</a></strong></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/open-math-notes/omn-faq">Frequently Asked Questions</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/journals/journals">Journals</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/journals#memberjournals">Member Journals</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/journals#research">Research Journals</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/journals#translation">Translation Journals</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/journals#distributed">Distributed Journals</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/open-access">Open Access Journals</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/policies/policies">Guidelines and Policies</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/arc/journals/index.html">Journal Author Resources</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/publications/librarian">Librarian Resources</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/ebooks">eBook Collections</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/counter-compliant-usage-statistics">COUNTER Usage Statistics</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/cgi-bin/click_access/inquiry.pl">My Subscriptions</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/journals/subscriberinfo">Subscription Information</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/license/journals-license">Licensing Information</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/math-reviews/math-reviews">Mathematical Reviews/MathSciNet&reg;</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet">MathSciNet<sup>&reg;</sup></a></li> <!--li class="megalinks"><a href="https://mathscinet-wp.ams.org/mrnotebook/">Math Reviews Notebook</a></li--> <li class="megalinks"><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mresubs/index.html">Reviewer Home</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/publications/math-reviews/mathsciprice">MathSciNet<sup>&reg;</sup> Subscriptions</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="dropdown yamm-fw"> <button style="border: none;" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle megahead" aria-expanded="false">Membership<b class="caret"></b></button> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li> <!-- Content container to add padding --> <div class="yamm-content"> <div class="row underline"> <h2 class="megaIntroHeader" aria-label="Jump to the membership homepage"><a href="/membership"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> Membership Home</a> <small> &mdash; <em>Welcome to your membership center</em></small></h2> </div> <div class="row"> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader">Membership Choices</h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="https://ebus.ams.org/ebus/Membership/JoinAMS.aspx" style="color:#C15324!important;"><i class="fa fa-handshake" aria-hidden="true"></i> Join the Society</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="https://ebus.ams.org/ebus/Membership/RenewyourAMSMembership.aspx" style="color:#C15324!important;"><i class="fa fa-address-card" aria-hidden="true"></i> Renew your Membership</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/membership/givemembership" style="color:#C15324!important;"><i class="fa fa-gift" aria-hidden="true"></i> Gift a Membership</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/membership#indiv">Individual Membership</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/membership/benefits/benefits"> Member Benefits</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/cml">Member Directory</a> </li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/membership/mem-reciprocity">Reciprocating Societies</a> </li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/memberbership/mem-develop">Members in Developing Countries</a> </li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/institutional/institutional">Institutional Membership</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/institutional/institutional">Domestic Institutions</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/international-members/international-members">International Institutions</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/institutional/two-year">Two-Year Institutions</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/programs/studentchapters">Graduate Student Chapter Program</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader">Other Member Types</h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/institutional/corporate/corporate">Corporate Memberships</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/institutional/mem-associates">Associate Memberships</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="dropdown yamm-fw"> <button style="border: none;" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle megahead" aria-expanded="false">Meetings &amp; Conferences<b class="caret"></b></button> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li> <!-- Content container to add padding --> <div class="yamm-content"> <div class="row underline"> <h2 class="megaIntroHeader" aria-label="Jump to the meetings homepage"> <a href="/meetings"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> Meetings &amp; Conferences Home</a> <small> &mdash; <em>Engage with colleagues and the latest research </em></small></h2> </div> <div class="row"> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/national/national">National Meetings</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="http://jointmathematicsmeetings.org/">Joint Mathematics Meetings</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/national/national">Upcoming JMMs</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/national_past.html">Previous JMMs</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/lectures/lectures">Special Lectures</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/national/national#pep">Professional Enhancement Programs (PEPs)</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/sectional/sectional-index">Sectional Meetings</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/sectional/sectional.html">Upcoming Sectionals</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/sectional/sectional_past.html">Previous Sectionals</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/presenting/sectional-papers">Presenting Papers</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/hosting/hosting">Hosting Sectionals</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader">Other Meetings, Conferences &amp; Workshops</h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/research-communities/mrc">Mathematics Research Communities</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/meetings/coeminiconference">Education Mini-conference</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/international-index">International Meetings</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/calendar/mathcalendar.pl">Mathematics Calendar</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/short-course-general">Short Courses</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/workshops/chairsworkshop">Workshop for Department Chairs and Leaders</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader">Meetings Resources</h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/lectures/suggestspeaker">Suggest a Speaker</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/meetings/meetings-grants">AMS Meetings Grants</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/abstracts/abstracts">Submitting Abstracts</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/policy-statements/welcoming-environment-policy">Welcoming Environment Policy</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="https://mathsafe.org/mathsafe/mathsafe-home">MathSafe &ndash; supporting safe meetings</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="dropdown yamm-fw"> <button style="border: none;" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle megahead" aria-expanded="false">News &amp; Outreach<b class="caret"></b></button> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li> <!-- Content container to add padding --> <div class="yamm-content"> <div class="row underline"> <h2 class="megaIntroHeader" aria-label="Jump to the News &amp; Outreach homepage"><a href="/publicoutreach"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> News &amp; Outreach Home</a> <small><em>&mdash; Explore news, images, posters, and mathematical essays</em></small></h2> </div> <div class="row"> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/news">News from the AMS</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/news?class_id=1&expand=1&type=news">AMS News Releases</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/publicoutreach/featurestories">Spotlight Stories</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/media-info/info-for-journalists">Information for Journalists</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/publicoutreach/in-memory/in-memory">In Memory Of</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="https://mathvoices.ams.org/">Math Voices</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="https://mathvoices.ams.org/featurecolumn/">Feature Column</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="https://mathvoices.ams.org/mathmedia/">Math in the Media</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="https://mathvoices.ams.org/teachingandlearning/">Column on Teaching and Learning</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader">Explorations</h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/about-us/edi-community">Recognizing Diverse Mathematicians</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/posters">AMS Posters</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/publicoutreach/math-and-music">Mathematics &amp; Music</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/math-imagery/math-imagery">Mathematical Imagery</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/mathmoments/mathmoments">Mathematical Moments</a></li> </ul> </section> <!--section class="col-md-3"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"></li> </ul> </section--> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="dropdown yamm-fw"> <button style="border: none;" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle megahead" aria-expanded="false">Grants &amp; Awards<b class="caret"></b></button> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li> <!-- Content container to add padding --> <div class="yamm-content"> <div class="row underline"> <h2 class="megaIntroHeader" aria-label="Jump to the Grants &amp; Awards Home homepage"><a href="/grants-awards"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> Grants &amp; Awards Home</a> <small><em>&mdash; Resources and opport unities to further your mathematical pursuits</em></small></h2> </div> <div class="row"> <section class="col-md-4"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader">Grants</h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/travel-grants"> Research &amp; Travel Grants</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/meetings-child-care-grants"> Child Care Grants for Meetings</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/emp-epsilon"> Young Scholars Program Grants </a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-4"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader">Honors &amp; Awards</h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/prizes-awards/palist.cgi">Prizes &amp; Awards</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/ams-fellows"> Fellows of the AMS</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-4"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/ams-fellowships"> AMS Fellowships</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/bergman-fellow">Stefan Bergman Fellowship</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/Birman-fellow"> Birman Fellowship for Women Scholars</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/emp-centflyer"> Centennial Fellowship</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/Claytor-Gilmer"> Claytor-Gilmer Fellowship</a></li> </ul> </section> <!--section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader">Awards &amp; Recognition</h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/prizes-awards/palist.cgi">AMS Prizes &amp; Awards</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/ams-fellows/ams-fellows">Fellows of the AMS</a></li> </ul> </section--> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="dropdown yamm-fw"> <button style="border: none;" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle megahead" aria-expanded="false">Learning &amp; Careers<b class="caret"></b></button> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li> <!-- Content container to add padding --> <div class="yamm-content"> <div class="row underline"> <h2 class="megaIntroHeader" aria-label="Jump to the Learning and Careers homepage"><a href="/learning-careers"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> Learning &amp; Careers Home</a> <small><em>&mdash; Resources to support advanced mathematics teaching and learning</em></small></h2> </div> <div class="row"> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/students">For Students</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/high-school">High School</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/undergraduate"> Undergraduate</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/graduate"> Graduate</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/find-graduate-programs"> Find Graduate Programs</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/emp-reu">Research Experience for Undergraduates (REUs)</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/leaders">For Faculty &amp; Leaders</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/chairsworkshop"> Department Chairs Workshop</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="https://mathvoices.ams.org/teachingandlearning/"> Column on Teaching &amp; Learning</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="https://mathvoices.ams.org/mathmedia/"> Math in the Media</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/emp-survey"> Salary &amp; Departmental Data</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader">Jobs</h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/employment-services"> Employment Services</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="https://www.mathjobs.org/"> MathJobs</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/begin/"> BEGIN Careers</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/profdev">Professional Development</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/mrc"> Mathematics Research Communities</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/opportunities"> Mathematical Opportunities Listing</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="https://www.mathprograms.org/"> MathPrograms</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <!--here--> <li class="dropdown yamm-fw"> <button style="border: none;" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle megahead" aria-expanded="false">Government Relations<b class="caret"></b></button> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li> <!-- Content container to add padding --> <div class="yamm-content"> <div class="row underline"> <h2 class="megaIntroHeader" aria-label="Jump to the Government Relations homepage"><a href="/government"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> Government Relations Home</a> <small><em>&mdash; Advocating for the mathematical sciences</em></small></h2> </div> <div class="row"> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader">Elevating Mathematics in Congress</h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/government/letters-statements-legislation">Letters, Statements, &amp; Legislation</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/government/dc-outreach">Congressional Briefings</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader">Legislative Priorities</h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/government/dc-issues">Federal Issues of Concern</a> </li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/government/dc-budgetprimer">Federal Budget Process</a> </li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader">Get Involved</h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/government/dc-prepare">Advocacy Resources</a> </li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/government/getinvolved-dc#/">Take Action</a> </li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/government/Contact-Us">Contact Us</a> </li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader">DC-Based Fellowships</h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/programs/ams-fellowships/ams-congressional-fellowship">Congressional Fellowship</a> </li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/programs/ams-fellowships/media-fellow/massmediafellow">Mass Media Fellowship</a> </li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/government/dc-case-fellowship">Catalyzing Advocacy in Science &amp; Engineering (CASE) Fellowship</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> </section> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="dropdown yamm-fw"> <button style="border: none;" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle megahead" aria-expanded="false">Giving<b class="caret"></b></button> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li> <!-- Content container to add padding --> <div class="yamm-content"> <div class="row underline"> <h2 class="megaIntroHeader" aria-label="Jump to the Development homepage"><a href="/support-ams"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> Giving to the AMS</a> <small> &mdash; <em>Your gifts make great things happen for mathematics</em></small> &nbsp; <a href="https://ebus.ams.org/ebus/Giving/MakeAGift.aspx?_ga=2.126038349.1919342640.1572527963-117346980.1572527963"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-sm btn-success btn-xs">Make a Gift</button> </a> </h2> </div> <div class="row"> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/giving_op">What You Can Support</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/giving/2020Fund">The 2020 Fund</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/giving/nextgen">Next Generation Fund </a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/giving_op/birman-fellowship-fund">Birman Fellowship for Women Scholars</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/child-care-grants">JMM Child Care Grants</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/giving_op/support-mrc">Mathematics Research Communities </a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/giving_op/mdc">MathSciNet for Developing Countries</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/create-a-legacy">Create a Legacy</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/ways-to-give/in-honor-of">Make a Tribute Gift</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/ways-to-give/named-endowed-funds">Create a Permanent Fund</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/ways-to-give/establish-prize-award">Establish a Prize, Award or Fellowship</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/ways-to-give/including-the-ams-in-your-will">Bequests and Charitable Estate Planning</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/honoring">Honoring Your Gift</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/giving/donorstories">Donor Stories</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/honoring/donor-wall">Donor Wall of Honor</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/honoring/fiske-society">Thomas S. Fiske Society</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/honoring/gift-society">AMS Contributors Society</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/honoring/ams-gardens">AMS Gardens</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/giving-resources">Giving Resources</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/committees/comm-all.html#DEVELOP">AMS Development Committee</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/development-office/giftacceptance">AMS Gift Acceptance Policy</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/giving/contactus">Contact Us</a></li> </ul> </section> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="dropdown yamm-fw"> <button style="border: none;" data-toggle="dropdown" class="dropdown-toggle megahead" aria-expanded="false">About the AMS<b class="caret"></b></button> <ul class="dropdown-menu"> <li> <!-- Content container to add padding --> <div class="yamm-content"> <div class="row underline"> <h2 class="megaIntroHeader" aria-label="Jump to the About Us homepage"><a href="/about"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> About the AMS</a> <small><em>&mdash; Advancing research. Connecting the mathematics community.</em></small></h2> </div> <div class="row"> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader">Our Organization</h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/executive-staff/exec-staff">Executive Staff</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/about-us/diversity">Equity, Diversity, &amp; Inclusion</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/ams-jobs/ams-jobs">Jobs at AMS</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/reach">Contact Us</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/custserv">Customer Service</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader"><a href="/governance/governance">Our Governance</a></h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="officers/officers">Officers</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/member-board">Board of Trustees</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/member-council">Council</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/governance/exec-comm/ec">Executive Committee </a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/presidents/presidents">Presidents</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/committees/gov-committees">Committees</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> <h3 class="megalinksHeader">Governance Operations</h3> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/bylaws/bylaws">By-Laws</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/elections/election-info">Elections</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/governance/sec-governancemeetings">Calendar of Meetings</a></li> <li class="megalinks"><a href="/sec-ams-policystatements">Policy Statements &amp; Guidelines</a></li> </ul> </section> <section class="col-md-3"> </section> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </section> <!-- / Mega Menu --> <!-- end gray row--> <!-- things inside this navbar-collapse-1 ^^above^^ will be hiden in mobile--> </div> </div> </div> <link href="/css/journals2022.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <style> /* TOC entry */ article h2 { color: #484848; margin-top: 25px !important; margin-bottom: 20px !important; text-align: center; } article .contentList dl { /*border-bottom: 1px solid #E3E1E1!important;*/ padding-bottom: 10px; margin-bottom: 25px; } article .contentList dt a:link { color: #565454; /*text-decoration: underline;*/ } .mathviewerPdfLink{ font-weight: 600; } .reqestPermissionsLink{ font-weight: 600; float: right; } /* end TOC entry */ </style> <!-- Beginning of stylesheet and JavaScript stuff for Journals framework. --> <script src="/js/ajax.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var addPairingListener = true; var testForPairingInst = true; var showCurrentPairingInfo = true; var doPairing = false; </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/json2.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/ams/amspairing.js"></script> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Transactions of the American Mathematical Society" href="/rss/tran.rss" /> <!-- End of stylesheet and JavaScript stuff for Journals framework --> <!-- begin NEW journals display --> <div class="container"> <header class="jumbotron" id="jumbotron-jams"> <div class="container"> <section id="journallogo" class="col-md-2 hidden-sm hidden-xs"> <script type="text/javascript" src="/journals/javascript/tran_nav.js"></script> <a href="javascript: goto_most_recent_tran()" aria-controls="currissue" role="tab"> <nav id="volissue"><small>CURRENT ISSUE:</small><br> <script> var currentissue = most_recent_tran_issue(); document.currentScript.insertAdjacentHTML( 'beforebegin', currentissue ) </script> </nav> </a> <img src="/journals/images/tran-cover.png" width="215" height="285" alt="JOURNAL OF THE AMS" class="img-responsive"></section> <section id="journaldescription" class="col-md-10 col-sm-12"> <h1>Transactions of the American Mathematical Society</h1> <p>Published by the American Mathematical Society since 1900, Transactions of the American Mathematical Society is devoted to longer research articles in all areas of pure and applied mathematics. </p> <p><span id="issn"> ISSN 1088-6850 (online) ISSN 0002-9947 (print) </span></p> <p id="mcqintro">The 2024 MCQ for Transactions of the American Mathematical Society is <span class="badge">1.48 </span>. <a class="" data-toggle="collapse" href="#mcq" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="mcq"> <i class="fa fa-info-circle" aria-hidden="true"></i></a> <div class="collapse" id="mcq"> What is MCQ? The Mathematical Citation Quotient (MCQ) measures journal impact by looking at citations over a five-year period. <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journal/profile?groupId=3285" target="new">Subscribers to MathSciNet</a> may click through for more detailed information. </div> </p> </section> </div> </header> <main> <section class="row"> <nav class="col-md-3"> <!-- MHS 4/17/23 --> <nav class="journals-list-group"> <script type="text/javascript" src="/journals/javascript/tran_nav.js"></script> <a href="/journals/journals"><i class="fa-sharp fa-solid fa-house"></i> Journals Home</a> <a href="/epubsearch">eContent Search</a> <a href="/abouttran" class="">About Transactions of the American Mathematical Society</a> <a href="/tranedit" class="">Editorial Board</a> <a href="/tran/transubmit.html" class="">Author and Submission Information</a> <a href="/policies/policies" class="" target="_blank">Journal Policies</a> <a href="/subscriberinfo" class="" target="_blank">Subscription Information</a> <a href="/jemail" class="" target="_blank"> Journal Email Notifications</a> <hr> <a href="/pairing/pair_my_device.html"><i class="fa fa-globe" aria-hidden="true"></i> Remote Access</a> </nav> </nav> <article class="col-md-9"> <section> <!-- MHS 3/28/23 A --> <!-- MHS 9/17/24 A --> <div class="row"> <!-- Nav tabs --> <ul class="nav nav-tabs"> <li role="presentation" class=""> <script type="text/javascript" src="/journals/javascript/tran_nav.js"></script> <a href="javascript: goto_most_recent_tran()" aria-controls="currissue" role="tab"> Current volume </a> </li> <li role="presentation" class=""> <!-- && !request_uri.match('mstrack') --> <a href="/cgi-bin/mstrack/accepted_papers/tran?active=press" aria-controls="press" role="tab">Articles in press </a> </li> <li role="presentation" class=""> <a href="/journals/tran/0000-000-00?active=recent"> Recently published</a> </li> <li role="presentation" class=""> <a href="/journals/tran/all_issues.html?active=allissues"> All issues : 1900 &ndash; Present </a> </li> </ul> <script src="/js/abstracts/ajaxcall.js"></script> </div> <p>&nbsp;</p> <style> #navCell { display: none;} </style> <script src="/journals/javascript/references.js" type="text/javascript"></script> <script async src="/js/mj.js"></script> <article class="col-md-12"> <header> <h2>Solutions of Navier–Stokes–Maxwell systems in large energy spaces<br> <small>HTML articles powered by AMS MathViewer <a href="/AMSMathViewer"><i class="fa fa-info-circle" aria-label="about MathViewer"></i></a></small></h2> <dl> <dd>by <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Arsenio%2C%20Diogo">Diogo Arsénio</a> and <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?mrauthid=617258">Isabelle Gallagher</a> <span class="pull-right"> <a href="S0002-9947-2020-08000-3.pdf"><small>PDF</small></a> </span> </dd> <dd>Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. <strong>373</strong> (2020), 3853-3884 <span class="pull-right"><a href="https://www.copyright.com/openurl.do?issn=1088-6850&WT.mc.it=American%20Mathematical%20Society" target="_blank">Request permission</a></span> </dd> </dl> </header> <section id="Abstract"> <h2>Abstract:</h2> <p>Large weak solutions to Navier–Stokes–Maxwell systems are not known to exist in their corresponding energy space in full generality. Here, we mainly focus on the three-dimensional setting of a classical incompressible Navier–Stokes–Maxwell system and—in an effort to build solutions in the largest possible functional spaces—prove that global solutions exist under the assumption that the initial velocity and electromagnetic fields have finite energy, and that the initial electromagnetic field is small in $\dot H^s\left ({\mathbb R}^3\right )$ with $s\in \left [\frac 12,\frac 32\right )$. We also apply our method to improve known results in two dimensions by providing uniform estimates as the speed of light tends to infinity.</p> <p>The method of proof relies on refined energy estimates and a Grönwall-like argument, along with a new maximal estimate on the heat flow in Besov spaces. The latter parabolic estimate allows us to bypass the use of the so-called Chemin–Lerner spaces altogether, which is crucial and could be of independent interest.</p> </section> <section id="references"> <details> <summary>References</summary> <ul> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Arsenio%2C%20Diogo">Diogo Arsénio</a>, <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Ibrahim%2C%20Slim">Slim Ibrahim</a>, and <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Masmoudi%2C%20Nader">Nader Masmoudi</a>, <em>A derivation of the magnetohydrodynamic system from Navier-Stokes-Maxwell systems</em>, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. <strong>216</strong> (2015), no. 3, 767–812. <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=3325775">MR <strong>3325775</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00205-014-0819-9">10.1007/s00205-014-0819-9</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Arsenio%2C%20Diogo">Diogo Arsénio</a> and <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Saint-Raymond%2C%20Laure">Laure Saint-Raymond</a>, <em>From the Vlasov-Maxwell-Boltzmann system to incompressible viscous electro-magneto-hydrodynamics. Vol. 1</em>, EMS Monographs in Mathematics, European Mathematical Society (EMS), Zürich, 2019. <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=3932088">MR <strong>3932088</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.4171/193">10.4171/193</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Aubin%2C%20Jean-Pierre">Jean-Pierre Aubin</a>, <em>Un théorème de compacité</em>, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris <strong>256</strong> (1963), 5042–5044 (French). <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=152860">MR <strong>152860</strong></a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Bahouri%2C%20Hajer">Hajer Bahouri</a>, <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Chemin%2C%20Jean-Yves">Jean-Yves Chemin</a>, and <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Danchin%2C%20Raphael">Raphaël Danchin</a>, <em>Fourier analysis and nonlinear partial differential equations</em>, Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften [Fundamental Principles of Mathematical Sciences], vol.&nbsp;343, Springer, Heidelberg, 2011. <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=2768550">MR <strong>2768550</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16830-7">10.1007/978-3-642-16830-7</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Bergh%2C%20Joran">Jöran Bergh</a> and <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Lofstrom%2C%20Jorgen">Jörgen Löfström</a>, <em>Interpolation spaces. An introduction</em>, Grundlehren der Mathematischen Wissenschaften, No. 223, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-New York, 1976. <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=0482275">MR <strong>0482275</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-66451-9">10.1007/978-3-642-66451-9</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Biskamp%2C%20Dieter">Dieter Biskamp</a>, <em>Nonlinear magnetohydrodynamics</em>, Cambridge Monographs on Plasma Physics, vol.&nbsp;1, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1993. <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=1250152">MR <strong>1250152</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511599965">10.1017/CBO9780511599965</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Chemin%2C%20J.-Y.">J.-Y. Chemin</a> and <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Lerner%2C%20N.">N. Lerner</a>, <em>Flot de champs de vecteurs non lipschitziens et équations de Navier-Stokes</em>, J. Differential Equations <strong>121</strong> (1995), no. 2, 314–328 (French). <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=1354312">MR <strong>1354312</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1006/jdeq.1995.1131">10.1006/jdeq.1995.1131</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Chemin%2C%20Jean-Yves">Jean-Yves Chemin</a> and <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Gallagher%2C%20Isabelle">Isabelle Gallagher</a>, <em>On the global wellposedness of the 3-D Navier-Stokes equations with large initial data</em>, Ann. Sci. École Norm. Sup. (4) <strong>39</strong> (2006), no. 4, 679–698 (English, with English and French summaries). <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=2290141">MR <strong>2290141</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ansens.2006.07.002">10.1016/j.ansens.2006.07.002</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Davidson%2C%20P.%20A.">P. A. Davidson</a>, <em>An introduction to magnetohydrodynamics</em>, Cambridge Texts in Applied Mathematics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2001. <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=1825486">MR <strong>1825486</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511626333">10.1017/CBO9780511626333</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Furioli%2C%20Giulia">Giulia Furioli</a>, <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Lemarie-Rieusset%2C%20Pierre%20G.">Pierre G. Lemarié-Rieusset</a>, and <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Terraneo%2C%20Elide">Elide Terraneo</a>, <em>Unicité dans $L^3(\Bbb R^3)$ et d’autres espaces fonctionnels limites pour Navier-Stokes</em>, Rev. Mat. Iberoamericana <strong>16</strong> (2000), no. 3, 605–667 (French, with English and French summaries). <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=1813331">MR <strong>1813331</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.4171/RMI/286">10.4171/RMI/286</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Germain%2C%20Pierre">Pierre Germain</a>, <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Ibrahim%2C%20Slim">Slim Ibrahim</a>, and <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Masmoudi%2C%20Nader">Nader Masmoudi</a>, <em>Well-posedness of the Navier-Stokes-Maxwell equations</em>, Proc. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh Sect. A <strong>144</strong> (2014), no. 1, 71–86. <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=3164536">MR <strong>3164536</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0308210512001242">10.1017/S0308210512001242</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Grafakos%2C%20Loukas">Loukas Grafakos</a>, <em>Classical Fourier analysis</em>, 2nd ed., Graduate Texts in Mathematics, vol.&nbsp;249, Springer, New York, 2008. <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=2445437">MR <strong>2445437</strong></a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Ibrahim%2C%20Slim">Slim Ibrahim</a> and <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Keraani%2C%20Sahbi">Sahbi Keraani</a>, <em>Global small solutions for the Navier-Stokes-Maxwell system</em>, SIAM J. Math. Anal. <strong>43</strong> (2011), no. 5, 2275–2295. <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=2837503">MR <strong>2837503</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1137/100819813">10.1137/100819813</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Lemarie-Rieusset%2C%20P.%20G.">P. G. Lemarié-Rieusset</a>, <em>Recent developments in the Navier-Stokes problem</em>, Chapman &amp; Hall/CRC Research Notes in Mathematics, vol.&nbsp;431, Chapman &amp; Hall/CRC, Boca Raton, FL, 2002. <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=1938147">MR <strong>1938147</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1201/9781420035674">10.1201/9781420035674</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Lemarie-Rieusset%2C%20Pierre%20Gilles">Pierre Gilles Lemarié-Rieusset</a>, <em>The Navier-Stokes problem in the 21st century</em>, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2016. <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=3469428">MR <strong>3469428</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1201/b19556">10.1201/b19556</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Leray%2C%20Jean">Jean Leray</a>, <em>Étude de diverses équations intégrales non linéaires et de quelques problèmes que pose l’hydrodynamique</em>, NUMDAM, [place of publication not identified], 1933 (French). <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=3533002">MR <strong>3533002</strong></a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Leray%2C%20Jean">Jean Leray</a>, <em>Sur le mouvement d’un liquide visqueux emplissant l’espace</em>, Acta Math. <strong>63</strong> (1934), no. 1, 193–248 (French). <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=1555394">MR <strong>1555394</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02547354">10.1007/BF02547354</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Lions%2C%20J.-L.">J.-L. Lions</a>, <em>Équations différentielles opérationnelles et problèmes aux limites</em>, Die Grundlehren der mathematischen Wissenschaften, Band 111, Springer-Verlag, Berlin-Göttingen-Heidelberg, 1961 (French). <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=0153974">MR <strong>0153974</strong></a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Lions%2C%20P.-L.">P.-L. Lions</a> and <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Masmoudi%2C%20N.">N. Masmoudi</a>, <em>Uniqueness of mild solutions of the Navier-Stokes system in $L^N$</em>, Comm. Partial Differential Equations <strong>26</strong> (2001), no. 11-12, 2211–2226. <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=1876415">MR <strong>1876415</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1081/PDE-100107819">10.1081/PDE-100107819</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Masmoudi%2C%20Nader">Nader Masmoudi</a>, <em>Global well posedness for the Maxwell-Navier-Stokes system in 2D</em>, J. Math. Pures Appl. (9) <strong>93</strong> (2010), no. 6, 559–571 (English, with English and French summaries). <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=2651981">MR <strong>2651981</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpur.2009.08.007">10.1016/j.matpur.2009.08.007</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Monniaux%2C%20Sylvie">Sylvie Monniaux</a>, <em>On uniqueness for the Navier-Stokes system in 3D-bounded Lipschitz domains</em>, J. Funct. Anal. <strong>195</strong> (2002), no. 1, 1–11. <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=1934350">MR <strong>1934350</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1006/jfan.2002.3902">10.1006/jfan.2002.3902</a></li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?authorName=Simon%2C%20Jacques">Jacques Simon</a>, <em>Compact sets in the space $L^p(0,T;B)$</em>, Ann. Mat. Pura Appl. (4) <strong>146</strong> (1987), 65–96. <a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=916688">MR <strong>916688</strong></a>, DOI <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01762360">10.1007/BF01762360</a></li> </ul> </details> </section> <section id="similar"> <details> <summary>Similar Articles</summary> <ul> <li> Retrieve articles in <em>Transactions of the American Mathematical Society</em> with MSC (2010): <a href="/joursearch/servlet/DoSearch?f1=msc&v1=35Q35&jrnl=one&onejrnl=tran">35Q35</a> </li> <li> Retrieve articles in all journals with MSC (2010): <a href="/joursearch/servlet/DoSearch?f1=msc&v1=35Q35">35Q35</a> </ul> </details> </section> <section id="additionalinformation"> <details> <summary>Additional Information</summary> <ul> <li><strong>Diogo Arsénio</strong></li><li>Affiliation: Department of Mathematics, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates</li> <li>Email: diogo.arsenio@nyu.edu</li> <li><strong>Isabelle Gallagher</strong></li><li>Affiliation: DMA, École normale supérieure, CNRS, PSL Research University, 75005 Paris; and UFR de mathématiques, Université Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, 75013 Paris, France</li> <li>MR Author ID: <a href='https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/authors.html?mrauthid=617258'>617258</a></li><li>Email: gallagher@math.ens.fr</li> <li>Received by editor(s): November 4, 2018</li> <li>Published electronically: March 9, 2020</li> <li>&copy; Copyright 2020 American Mathematical Society</li> <li>Journal: Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. <strong>373</strong> (2020), 3853-3884 </li> <li>MSC (2010): Primary 35Q35 <li>DOI: https://doi.org/10.1090/tran/8000</li> <li>MathSciNet review: <a href = "https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=4105512">4105512</a></li> </ul> </details> </section> </article> </section> </article> </section> </main> </div> <!--Container--> <!-- end NEW journals display --> <hr class="mx-auto"> <footer id="pagefooter" class="text-center"> <div class="container text-center"> <div class="row"> <!-- Contact Information --> <div class="col-12 mb-1"> <p> American Mathematical Society &middot; <a href="https://goo.gl/maps/ZvJdkQEC79p" title="Google map 201 Charles Street Providence, Rhode Island" aria-label="Google map to AMS headquarters"> 201 Charles Street Providence, Rhode Island 02904-2213 </a> &middot; <a href="/reach" aria-label="Contact Us">Contact Us</a> </p> </div> <!-- Fontawesome script --> <script src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/2ad6d7fbd6.js" crossorigin="anonymous" defer></script> <!-- Social Shares --> <nav class="col-12 mb-1" aria-label="Social media links"> <ul class="list-inline"> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/amermathsoc" class="link-dark" title="Follow us on Facebook" aria-label="View the AMS on Facebook"> <i class="fa-brands fa-facebook-f" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://bsky.app/profile/amermathsoc.bsky.social" class="link-dark" title="Follow us on Bluesky" aria-label="View the AMS on Bluesky"> <i class="fa-brands fa-bluesky"></i></a></li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://twitter.com/amermathsoc" class="link-dark" title="Follow us on X" aria-label="View the AMS on X"> <i class="fa-brands fa-x-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/51001" class="link-dark" title="Follow us on LinkedIn" aria-label="View the AMS on LinkedIn"> <i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin-in" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/amermathsoc" class="link-dark" title="Follow us on Instagram" aria-label="View the AMS on Instagram"> <i class="fa-brands fa-instagram" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/amermathsoc" class="link-dark" title="Follow us on YouTube" aria-label="View the AMS on YouTube"> <i class="fa-brands fa-youtube" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> </ul> </nav> <!-- Legal and Trademark Information --> <div class="col-12"> <p><small> &copy; <a href="/copyright" aria-label="Copyright policy">Copyright</a> <span id="copyYear">2024</span> American Mathematical Society &middot; <a href="/privacy" aria-label="Privacy statement">View Our Privacy Statement</a> &middot; <a href="/tou" aria-label="Terms of use">Terms of Use</a> &middot; <a href="/accessibility" aria-label="Accessibility policy">Accessibility and AMS Online Content</a> </small></p> <p><small> AMS, American Mathematical Society, the tri-colored AMS logo, and Advancing research, Creating connections, are trademarks and service marks of the American Mathematical Society and registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. </small></p> </div> </div> </div> <script> // Dynamically update the copyright year document.getElementById('copyYear').textContent = new Date().getFullYear(); </script> </footer>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10