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div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width: 25em; line-height: 1.2em;"><caption class="infobox-title fn" style="line-height: initial;">Robert Irsay</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Irsay-Bob-1976.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="refer to caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5c/Irsay-Bob-1976.jpg/220px-Irsay-Bob-1976.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5c/Irsay-Bob-1976.jpg/330px-Irsay-Bob-1976.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/5c/Irsay-Bob-1976.jpg/440px-Irsay-Bob-1976.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1331" data-file-height="1888" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Bob Irsay in 1976</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 1.5em; background: #DCDCDC; border: 2px solid #DCDCDC;">Personal information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width: 40%;">Born:</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1923-03-05</span>)</span>March 5, 1923<br /><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, <a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width: 40%;">Died:</th><td class="infobox-data">January 14, 1997<span style="display:none">(1997-01-14)</span> (aged 73)<br /><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indiana" title="Indiana">Indiana</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align: right; width: 40%;">Position:</th><td class="infobox-data">Owner</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 1.5em; background: #DCDCDC; border: 2px solid #DCDCDC;">Career history <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 0;">As an executive:</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left; line-height: 1.4em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Colts" title="Indianapolis Colts">Baltimore/Indianapolis Colts</a> (<a href="/wiki/1972_NFL_season" title="1972 NFL season">1972</a>–<a href="/wiki/1996_NFL_season" title="1996 NFL season">1996</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Death_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Death-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Owner</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left; line-height: 1.4em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 1.5em; background: #DCDCDC; border: 2px solid #DCDCDC;">Career highlights and awards <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left; line-height: 1.4em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Colts_Ring_of_Honor" title="Indianapolis Colts Ring of Honor">Indianapolis Colts Ring of Honor</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Robert "Bob" Irsay</b> (March 5, 1923 – January 14, 1997) was an American professional <a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">football</a> team owner. He owned the <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> (NFL)'s <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Colts" title="Indianapolis Colts">Baltimore/Indianapolis Colts</a> franchise from 1972 until his death in 1997. He was the father of current Colts owner <a href="/wiki/Jim_Irsay" title="Jim Irsay">Jim Irsay</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Irsay&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Irsay&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Robert Irsay was born Robert Israel on March 5, 1923, in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, the son of Charles Israel and the former Elaine Nyitrai, Jewish immigrants from Hungary.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift88_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift88-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The family name was changed to Irsay in 1931, when Bob was eight years old.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift88_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift88-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He attended <a href="/wiki/Lane_Tech_College_Prep_High_School" title="Lane Tech College Prep High School">Lane Tech High School</a> in Chicago.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift88_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift88-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to his estranged younger brother, Ronald, the family wasn't wealthy, "but my dad owned several buildings in Chicago and at one time was one of the largest tin knockers [sheet metal contractors] in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift88_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift88-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Irsay children were raised as <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Jews</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift88_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift88-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1940, Irsay enrolled at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Illinois">University of Illinois</a>, joining <a href="/wiki/Sigma_Alpha_Mu" title="Sigma Alpha Mu">Sigma Alpha Mu</a>, a Jewish fraternity.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift88_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift88-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Years later, Irsay later denied his Jewish heritage, asserting without evidence and contrary to his mother's testimony that his father was actually his step-father and that he was, and always had been, <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift90_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift90-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Irsay left the University of Illinois after attending just three semesters, plus the summer session of 1942.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift90_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift90-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The United States was by then embroiled in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and on October 23, 1942, he joined the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">United States Marine Corps</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift90_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift90-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Irsay was discharged just 5-1/2 months later, on April 3, 1943, without having served overseas, holding the rank of <a href="/wiki/Sergeant" title="Sergeant">sergeant</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift90_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift90-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Irsay obfuscated about his military service, improbably stating, "I was in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">Army</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a> and the Marines. The Navy assigned me to the <a href="/wiki/Seabees" class="mw-redirect" title="Seabees">Seabees</a>. I saw minor action. I don't want to talk about it."<sup id="cite_ref-Swift90_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift90-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commercial_activity">Commercial activity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Irsay&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Commercial activity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1946, he was hired by his father's heating and ventilation business, the Acord Ventilating Company, where he worked as a salesman and bid on projects.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift90_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift90-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He left employment there on the last day of 1951, the instigator of a bitter family feud.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift90_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift90-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As part of his severance package, Irsay was allowed to take a lucrative contract with the <a href="/wiki/Caterpillar_Tractor_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterpillar Tractor Company">Caterpillar Tractor Company</a> and several smaller contracts that he had negotiated, a building used in connection with that account, and several vehicles and sundry shop equipment that allowed him to establish a new rival firm, the Robert Irsay Company, without the need to incur substantial bank debt.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift90_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift90-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Irsay also poached five employees from Acord at the time of his departure.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift90_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift90-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His brother Ron minced no words when queried about the company split three decades later: "I don't know how else to say this, but my brother tried to run my father out of business. Bob actually worked to try to destroy his own father. Oh, he's a real sweetheart, all right."<sup id="cite_ref-Swift88_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift88-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His mother, then in her 80s, was even more outspoken about her eldest son: "He's a devil on earth, that one. He stole all our money and he said goodbye. He don't care for me. I don't even see him for 35 years.... When my husband got sick and got the heart attack, he took advantage. He was no good. He was a bad boy. I don't want to talk about him."<sup id="cite_ref-Swift87_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift87-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite Ron dropping out of college to attempt to save the family business, Acord Ventilation went into rapid decline immediately after the charismatic salesman Bob's departure, terminating operations less than three years later.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift90_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift90-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NFL_ownership">NFL ownership</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Irsay&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: NFL ownership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Irsay assumed ownership of the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Colts" title="Baltimore Colts">Baltimore Colts</a> on July 13, 1972, after acquiring the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Rams" title="Los Angeles Rams">Los Angeles Rams</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Estate_(law)" title="Estate (law)">estate</a> of <a href="/wiki/Dan_Reeves_(American_football_executive)" title="Dan Reeves (American football executive)">Dan Reeves</a> and swapping franchises with <a href="/wiki/Carroll_Rosenbloom" title="Carroll Rosenbloom">Carroll Rosenbloom</a>, all made official on the same day.<sup id="cite_ref-gbeardapbalto_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gbeardapbalto-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His last-minute US$19 million bid for the Rams was $2 million more than that of future <a href="/wiki/Tampa_Bay_Buccaneers" title="Tampa Bay Buccaneers">Tampa Bay Buccaneers</a> owner <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Culverhouse" title="Hugh Culverhouse">Hugh Culverhouse</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Irsay's majority share in the Colts was initially 51%, with Willard Keland of <a href="/wiki/Racine,_Wisconsin" title="Racine, Wisconsin">Racine, Wisconsin</a>, owning the rest. He additionally announced the appointment of <a href="/wiki/Joe_Thomas_(American_football_executive)" title="Joe Thomas (American football executive)">Joe Thomas</a> as Baltimore's new <a href="/wiki/General_manager" title="General manager">general manager</a>, succeeding <a href="/wiki/Don_Klosterman_(American_football)" title="Don Klosterman (American football)">Don Klosterman</a> who accompanied Rosenbloom to Los Angeles.<sup id="cite_ref-gbeardapbalto_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gbeardapbalto-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Irsay's first controversial act with the Colts was his changing of head coaches from <a href="/wiki/Howard_Schnellenberger" title="Howard Schnellenberger">Howard Schnellenberger</a> to general manager Thomas after a 30–10 defeat to the <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Eagles" title="Philadelphia Eagles">Philadelphia Eagles</a> at <a href="/wiki/Veterans_Stadium" title="Veterans Stadium">Veterans Stadium</a> on September 29, 1974, which extended the team's season-opening losing streak to three.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While stalking the Colts sideline during the second half, he voiced his preference for <a href="/wiki/Bert_Jones" title="Bert Jones">Bert Jones</a> as the starting quarterback over <a href="/wiki/Marty_Domres" title="Marty Domres">Marty Domres</a> by asking Schnellenberger about when he was going to make such a change. Schnellenberger's sarcastic reply resulted in his postgame dismissal. Irsay had first gone to the press box to inform Thomas that he was the new head coach and then to the locker room to announce his actions to the Colts players before breaking the news to Schnellenberger in a heated discussion in the coaches office. Middle linebacker <a href="/wiki/Mike_Curtis_(American_football)" title="Mike Curtis (American football)">Mike Curtis</a> voiced the players' displeasure by saying, "This just tears me up. In defense of Irsay, he's a nice guy, an emotional guy. He doesn't know a lot about football but sometimes you lose control in an emotional situation."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Irsay's verbal abuse of his players after a loss in a final preseason match to the <a href="/wiki/Detroit_Lions" title="Detroit Lions">Detroit Lions</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Pontiac_Silverdome" title="Pontiac Silverdome">Pontiac Silverdome</a> on September 2, 1976, led to head coach <a href="/wiki/Ted_Marchibroda" title="Ted Marchibroda">Ted Marchibroda</a>'s resignation three days later on September 5. Marchibroda was also at odds with Thomas over player personnel decisions. He was rehired two days later on September 7 after offensive and defensive coordinators Whitey Dovell and <a href="/wiki/Maxie_Baughan" title="Maxie Baughan">Maxie Baughan</a> threatened to quit and the players considered boycotting practice, all in support of Marchibroda.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Irsay's dysfunctional relationships with certain players in contract disputes and coaches accelerated the Colts' on-field decline in the ensuing years. He was accused of bad faith bargaining and racial discrimination by running back <a href="/wiki/Lydell_Mitchell" title="Lydell Mitchell">Lydell Mitchell</a> who was eventually sent to the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_San_Diego_Chargers" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the San Diego Chargers">San Diego Chargers</a> on August 23, 1978.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Defensive end <a href="/wiki/John_Dutton_(defensive_lineman)" title="John Dutton (defensive lineman)">John Dutton</a> contended that Irsay had spread "too many lies" about him and sat out the early part of the <a href="/wiki/1979_Baltimore_Colts_season" title="1979 Baltimore Colts season">1979 campaign</a> while demanding a trade. He added, "I don't think he cares about the team, it's just a toy to him."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dutton was dealt to the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Cowboys" title="Dallas Cowboys">Dallas Cowboys</a> on October 9, 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Irsay also continually second-guessed Marchibroda.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Moving_the_Colts">Moving the Colts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Irsay&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Moving the Colts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Colts_relocation_to_Indianapolis" title="Baltimore Colts relocation to Indianapolis">Baltimore Colts relocation to Indianapolis</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:30em; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>"I have not any intentions of moving the goddamn team. If I did, I will tell you about it, but I'm staying here." </p> </blockquote> <p style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">—Robert Irsay, January 20, 1984<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></p> </div> <p>In January 1984 Irsay appeared before the Baltimore media and exclaimed, "This is my team!" He reiterated that, despite problems, the rumors that he was moving the team were untrue.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With negotiations over improvements to <a href="/wiki/Memorial_Stadium_(Baltimore)" class="mw-redirect" title="Memorial Stadium (Baltimore)">Memorial Stadium</a> at an impasse, one of the chambers of the <a href="/wiki/Maryland" title="Maryland">Maryland</a> state legislature passed a law on March 27, 1984, allowing the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">city of Baltimore</a> to seize the Colts under <a href="/wiki/Eminent_domain" title="Eminent domain">eminent domain</a>, which city and county officials had threatened to do. Irsay claimed the city promised him a new football stadium, something they later denied, citing the team's poor attendance. The next day, fearing a dawn raid on the team's <a href="/wiki/Owings_Mills,_Maryland" title="Owings Mills, Maryland">Owings Mills</a> headquarters, Irsay accepted a deal offered by the city of <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">Indianapolis</a>. </p><p>Indianapolis Mayor, <a href="/wiki/William_H._Hudnut_III" title="William H. Hudnut III">William H. Hudnut III</a>, contacted John Burnside Smith, then <a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Mayflower_Transit" title="Mayflower Transit">Mayflower Transit Company</a>, who arranged for fifteen trucks to pack the team's property hurriedly and transport it to Indianapolis in the early hours of the morning of March 29. An ecstatic crowd in Indianapolis greeted the arrival of its new NFL team, and the team received 143,000 season ticket requests in just two weeks. </p><p>Baltimore was without a National Football League team until another <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Browns_relocation_controversy" title="Cleveland Browns relocation controversy">controversial move</a> in 1996, when <a href="/wiki/Art_Modell" title="Art Modell">Art Modell</a> brought the personnel of the <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Browns" title="Cleveland Browns">Cleveland Browns</a> there to become the <a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Ravens" title="Baltimore Ravens">Baltimore Ravens</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Irsay&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He married the former Harriet Pogorzelski on July 12, 1947, at Temple Sholom in Chicago, with Rabbi Louis Binstock officiating.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift90_3-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift90-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Irsay, who is not a reliable narrator for details of his own biography, he had a second <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> wedding to Pogorzelski, the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Polish_Americans" title="Polish Americans">Polish</a> immigrants.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift90_3-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift90-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They raised their children Roman Catholic.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bob and Harriet Irsay had three children – Thomas, Roberta, and <a href="/wiki/Jim_Irsay" title="Jim Irsay">Jim</a>. Roberta was killed at age 14 in a 1971 automobile accident on I-294 outside Chicago.<sup id="cite_ref-Swift88_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Swift88-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thomas, who suffered from a severe mental disability, lived in a Florida facility until his death in 1999 at the age of 45. </p><p>Irsay, who had divorced from Harriet, married Nancy Clifford on June 17, 1989, at Second Presbyterian Church in Indianapolis; Hudnut officiated the ceremony. Nancy Irsay died November 7, 2015, at the age of 65.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death_and_legacy">Death and legacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Irsay&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Death and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Irsay suffered a stroke in November 1995 and was in intensive care at <a href="/wiki/St._Vincent_Indianapolis_Hospital" title="St. Vincent Indianapolis Hospital">St. Vincent Indianapolis Hospital</a> for several months.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After his release he developed <a href="/wiki/Pneumonia" title="Pneumonia">pneumonia</a>, heart and kidney problems, for which he was transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Mayo_Clinic" title="Mayo Clinic">Mayo Clinic</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rochester,_Minnesota" title="Rochester, Minnesota">Rochester, Minnesota</a>. He died in Indianapolis on January 14, 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is interred at <a href="/wiki/Crown_Hill_Cemetery" title="Crown Hill Cemetery">Crown Hill Cemetery</a>. </p><p>After Irsay's death in Indianapolis on January 14, 1997, the Colts were inherited by his son, Jim. <a href="/wiki/Bill_Polian" title="Bill Polian">Bill Polian</a> handled the day-to-day operations of the team as vice-chairman until his dismissal after the 2011 season. Polian was succeeded as vice chair by Jim Irsay's three daughters — <a href="/wiki/Carlie_Irsay-Gordon" title="Carlie Irsay-Gordon">Carlie Irsay-Gordon</a>, Casey Foyt, and Kalen Jackson — who are each part owners and vice-chairs of the team.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Irsay was the first person inducted into the <a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Colts_Ring_of_Honor" title="Indianapolis Colts Ring of Honor">Indianapolis Colts Ring of Honor</a>, being so memorialized on September 23, 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Irsay&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-upper-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Death-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Death_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">While Irsay died on January 14, 1997, this was still during the 1996 season which is why 1996 is shown here instead of 1997</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Irsay&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Swift88-2"><span 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"Marchibroda Returns, Placated, to the Colts," <i>The New York Times</i>, Wednesday, September 8, 1976.</a> Retrieved November 23, 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1893&dat=19780824&id=yfIhAAAAIBAJ&sjid=jNUEAAAAIBAJ&pg=1404,6605247">"Colts to trade Mitchell," <i>The Associated Press</i> (AP), Thursday, August 24, 1978.</a> Retrieved November 23, 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1979/07/15/archives/pro-footballs-john-dutton-case-sports-of-the-times.html">Anderson, Dave. 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"Colts Find Cellar on 21–14 Loss," <i>The Washington Post</i>, Monday, December 18, 1978.</a> Retrieved November 23, 2020</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMorgan1997" class="citation news cs1">Morgan, Jon (15 January 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.baltimoresun.com/1997/01/15/robert-irsay-colts-owner-dies-at-73-controversial-figure-broke-fans-hearts-moving-team-to-ind/">"Robert Irsay, Colts owner, dies at 73 Controversial figure broke fans' hearts, moving team to Ind"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Baltimore_Sun" title="The Baltimore Sun">The Baltimore Sun</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Baltimore+Sun&rft.atitle=Robert+Irsay%2C+Colts+owner%2C+dies+at+73+Controversial+figure+broke+fans%27+hearts%2C+moving+team+to+Ind.&rft.date=1997-01-15&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baltimoresun.com%2F1997%2F01%2F15%2Frobert-irsay-colts-owner-dies-at-73-controversial-figure-broke-fans-hearts-moving-team-to-ind%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Irsay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070123111729/http://www.baltimoresun.com/sports/football/bal-sp.irsay13jan13,0,6220377.story?coll=bal-sports-headlines">"In the end, Irsay rests quietly"</a>. <i>www.baltimoresun.com</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Colt+Owner+Robert+Irsay+Dies+at+73&rft.date=1997-01-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Farchives%2Fla-xpm-1997-01-15-sp-18913-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Irsay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Vice Chairs/Owners," <i>Scout,</i> vol. 16, no. 9 (Dec. 31, 2023), p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Colts Ring of Honor," <i>Scout,</i> vol. 16, no. 9 (Dec. 31, 2023), p. 85.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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!important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Los_Angeles_Rams_owners" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Rams" title="Los Angeles Rams"><span style="color: #FFFFFF">Los Angeles Rams owners</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFD100 !important; color: #003594 !important; ;"><div>Formerly the <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Cleveland_Rams" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Cleveland Rams"><span style="color: #003594">Cleveland Rams</span></a></b> (1936–1945) and <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_St._Louis_Rams" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the St. Louis Rams"><span style="color: #003594">St. Louis Rams</span></a></b> (1995–2015)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Homer_Marshman" title="Homer Marshman">Homer Marshman</a> (1937–1941)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dan_Reeves_(American_football_executive)" title="Dan Reeves (American football executive)">Dan Reeves</a> (1941–1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carroll_Rosenbloom" title="Carroll Rosenbloom">Carroll Rosenbloom</a> (1972–1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Frontiere" title="Georgia Frontiere">Georgia Frontiere</a> (1979–2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chip_Rosenbloom" title="Chip Rosenbloom">Chip Rosenbloom</a> (2008–2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stan_Kroenke" title="Stan Kroenke">Stan Kroenke</a> (2010–present)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indianapolis_Colts_owner_navbox" title="Template talk:Indianapolis Colts owner navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indianapolis_Colts_owner_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indianapolis Colts owner navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indianapolis_Colts_owners" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Colts" title="Indianapolis Colts"><span style="color: #FFFFFF">Indianapolis Colts owners</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFFFFF !important; color: #013369 !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #013369, inset -2px -2px 0 #013369;;"><div>Formerly the <b><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Baltimore_Colts" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Baltimore Colts">Baltimore Colts</a></b> (1953–1983)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carroll_Rosenbloom" title="Carroll Rosenbloom">Carroll Rosenbloom</a> (1953–1972)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Irsay</a> (1972–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Irsay" title="Jim Irsay">Jim Irsay</a> (1997–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Indianapolis_Colts_Ring_of_Honor" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: #013369 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #A5ACAF, inset -2px -2px 0 #A5ACAF;;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indianapolis_Colts_Ring_of_Honor" title="Template:Indianapolis Colts Ring of Honor"><abbr title="View this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indianapolis_Colts_Ring_of_Honor" title="Template talk:Indianapolis Colts Ring of Honor"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indianapolis_Colts_Ring_of_Honor" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indianapolis Colts Ring of Honor"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color: #FFFFFF !important">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indianapolis_Colts_Ring_of_Honor" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Colts_Ring_of_Honor" title="Indianapolis Colts Ring of Honor"><span style="color: #FFFFFF;">Indianapolis Colts Ring of Honor</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/12th_man_(football)" title="12th man (football)">12th Man</a>†</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bill_Brooks_(wide_receiver)" title="Bill Brooks (wide receiver)">Bill Brooks</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Eric_Dickerson" title="Eric Dickerson">Eric Dickerson</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tony_Dungy" title="Tony Dungy">Tony Dungy</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Marshall_Faulk" title="Marshall Faulk">Marshall Faulk</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dwight_Freeney" title="Dwight Freeney">Dwight Freeney</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tarik_Glenn" title="Tarik Glenn">Tarik Glenn</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jim_Harbaugh" title="Jim Harbaugh">Jim Harbaugh</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Marvin_Harrison" title="Marvin Harrison">Marvin Harrison</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chris_Hinton" title="Chris Hinton">Chris Hinton</a></dd> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Irsay</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Edgerrin_James" title="Edgerrin James">Edgerrin James</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Peyton_Manning" title="Peyton Manning">Peyton Manning</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ted_Marchibroda" title="Ted Marchibroda">Ted Marchibroda</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Robert_Mathis" title="Robert Mathis">Robert Mathis</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bill_Polian" title="Bill Polian">Bill Polian</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Saturday" title="Jeff Saturday">Jeff Saturday</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Reggie_Wayne" title="Reggie Wayne">Reggie Wayne</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><small>†<b>Note</b>: The Colts removed the 12th Man reference in 2016.</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_Irsay&oldid=1250222389">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_Irsay&oldid=1250222389</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1923_births" title="Category:1923 births">1923 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1997_deaths" title="Category:1997 deaths">1997 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:American_people_of_Hungarian-Jewish_descent" title="Category:American people of Hungarian-Jewish descent">American people of 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