CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHdpZHRoPSIzMiIgaGVpZ2h0PSIzMiIgZmlsbD0ibm9uZSI+PHBhdGggZmlsbD0iI0IyMEYwMyIgZD0iTTE2IDNhMTMgMTMgMCAxIDAgMTMgMTNBMTMuMDE1IDEzLjAxNSAwIDAgMCAxNiAzbTAgMjRhMTEgMTEgMCAxIDEgMTEtMTEgMTEuMDEgMTEuMDEgMCAwIDEtMTEgMTEiLz48cGF0aCBmaWxsPSIjQjIwRjAzIiBkPSJNMTcuMDM4IDE4LjYxNUgxNC44N0wxNC41NjMgOS41aDIuNzgzem0tMS4wODQgMS40MjdxLjY2IDAgMS4wNTcuMzg4LjQwNy4zODkuNDA3Ljk5NCAwIC41OTYtLjQwNy45ODQtLjM5Ny4zOS0xLjA1Ny4zODktLjY1IDAtMS4wNTYtLjM4OS0uMzk4LS4zODktLjM5OC0uOTg0IDAtLjU5Ny4zOTgtLjk4NS40MDYtLjM5NyAxLjA1Ni0uMzk3Ii8+PC9zdmc+);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9135549df8129cb9',cH: 'zd6D0lUqaWuNG6sqzWXpjxGJL5ncbs7Qs2sMeOobFcg-1739790622-1.2.1.1-PVl3VcZLzQW_O72N7Rm3J6cd0wBMpsbK2TSelu5hlo8GehyuCC1jI_S7dwo9CdH4',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/150175\/a-deep-explanation-for-the-formation-of-force-as-a-foundational-law-of-physics-by-incorporating-unknown-degrees-of-freedom-into-space?__cf_chl_tk=jDTn3_MgcCxX0MH0EP7sapW5uxhpXE8VKajZWnJDYOA-1739790622-1.0.1.1-pQ05PPGjVJ2LGP.mqYgEVJF8YrIr2DowgkJFQcPZ.D4",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739790622',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/150175\/a-deep-explanation-for-the-formation-of-force-as-a-foundational-law-of-physics-by-incorporating-unknown-degrees-of-freedom-into-space?__cf_chl_f_tk=jDTn3_MgcCxX0MH0EP7sapW5uxhpXE8VKajZWnJDYOA-1739790622-1.0.1.1-pQ05PPGjVJ2LGP.mqYgEVJF8YrIr2DowgkJFQcPZ.D4",md: "pKRgbOP7BB3i6zeo.Zfw01YKWvGnYpHegk7gJrDzHhY-1739790622-1.2.1.1-TuafSzbWBrurJamR.h2yxyvEgMcisaQkfC8ZBonSPQuogNWryOM0DCIkFmwb0sfOUY7t4ZrBm6Oh4Np7RElVR3Ypg8pKCzoht6TxRYuKYgWkXoYtCssutVS_DbESzbaMo8S1Cn8srdXz7hhuYXKCGHfLctVtmb4dWDFgpKX2ElnQ3Ick87U9WCqMeCenlRBn76R9OFD8WWrDhi_iI_RTmnGIxetpIDMuzS9Z2MV1S6K5VeDrSnhR6V9IKJ.ypKu7dOgOp5AkBeT5q7RYH2b_UH.Ra3si_yG4MVb7hUrzC2WeeP.TYuSltEWCrUVmtJvre2HrMTP0XvAd4b.THB175SZMDkwLvGJq3O7yfCv0OBB_LuKvpBpL9T7VHzxJprsiGI8H4POjLKQXrA9DBpCCZcM2k0cyZKzNOVlRS5C4zM7q923xmLgRiDmoyWnIu7m6gQbQqKlU_UazIMYS.Wp4KRTLNXoOKqhE3bB.yVVFooe9riZyc8SSDTKMkPmOgdMXffyqESqJe.zKiahBq6FCL66MFDCXKjb2xHSVfN.cxiOU3C8awc6Md9PzAcoqqM1irXnmW3itOVgSSBt0duM5LP3S_zgFDil8FSXl_KPbK7geCvLxl001OdSCDKwEqsoDmnHRxMNbQmRM3hrO_NibQLVHe8LzqAwCb6JfpnKoCpTEBY1RsPyFWlHaKf7HcyDJU2_NgjYFmlashsdqpNWMbT0zGBsCMqZwDXTZ.ie_d41ISO70_CiM38T.7cib4sBZmOeGudzEgkRVY7NN3gPzVl70e6KvUBt1vT4xokz8IR3Xw3A8vkg700SZqh_Vg2QFEbu7bXTl7VBUb2gDGj3jSaFSJH6GGHLu.x3Jl9._Az8uM_PszR.KLDXTz39tDBpP9AduOiii1vF8gdKs4rPItTAVtETnEfaQFObAv8CqeX2_XI9VgTWeiGnzqXQYDZOdU7zEeo8o9QkxyDxr5nabIY..BVJu0FZ6yBW4UzEDpuzjZWzWXXOcc9.tpuckDX3VY97coBlfDxtj4nDawrbwjL2T_agBN07p8LXbAowRs9rLdp6bqjK2neKrteDVjh0TuKD4txfH.vGVdM1gDJnvDQfinU.533uTSHVkslfStC4I4CQF.YMH6cl5W7ESwDk17Ar9Wx0zw_03nmvUbIk2KS6PTUdP3mujeJLUrTt5k5je9JQ8Te2A0sfIIE5KdMcBMksJd7g__l51vX_cpIJyJ3LaNBgudhDeaOy4Vt.5NGS3iRUq5MEzCqlzlFstE9fVfXzgw2cErr2ZH8.oMJiAKbRC8cUQ6M8NOVCeFsr.xYDSQ.9UdHUanLl8tBE2FGCrglwJyWZm7zcZ4lxgrRLQWYnrFa8PoSokMLQVcTOEX5IwLpjyjDT5g7SqAXAUhrDDQlHocXU8p11bRuIKxQB_5QjfKQbSVGBrH_Iyaf3bDbpobvBJ_5aAUjGeySKDef89wOKSn5tk6qsltYreSR6b3UOOipQ81m3ZDArH5oKMSZ2.qtqLKgIcJSmRS_.iCaBpTsth7LI6KFlKz7zbzYB1BercjrUyzlSNEcZO3DCT2HqfaIL0k4iLZseGT5o1CXRsH7eKPDVuCwY7cXqyHOlJN3x0JOrkqFwL2YYU2FQfidY.mY2Lwl_RjYQZe4BcNJ1cLhdkHWP_uwSW1fmYys1FAqaNDSaY3RteavEErF_n20b_Ojpgng6qvyPeCQ94EIa9kXeONIaxQfzRHpfm2rSFfqI4MBirIyJuwBwBhIfDQEk5k.dmzEW9lSQdp5.NUifbzcRRmdTqL87rx42R9d8Nxt4E0h3uYqTgcxeXl3xPPGrKDnxuuG0wukoF5zjsJOuPC19dLq.0cdxDGLobTpsr6qlT9KxG_zva9CHkzjuLL.HTud9OZMHPrRJySGxlTsbboVdbq2xfknr_t8x4rsD1qp6Ym.klAMgWSyvCtEe0SOjrOAMg9wIIA4_uoMOaCGqN3ES9VHKHOl6tFin0wocLdVMRjegaQD5m244X8IFbbzq89ZdNXuvYOLO9_Ofyr1RBZX7So3U7BBEdHfScoZ8RM5STbG6sffpO9IuU7tniNIH4Y.u05Ra58Fetkv9lnLqdAj8_W7ErTVun3dEZLmzYhaQCgEB3W87ZC6p.ZKyRUCDwt8GSIrZVrBaZMTUW7em2v3Cxj0tMMX8DIdlpokO2h85zsm46vWDRxVhDIrcBe7xKmLMOX3CIUaYiaj5OcGec6GFko7Aj0HrlXUdKJ1UeaA",mdrd: "JHitoU2ascn0u2wcyw52uMAoVPJUOFuAE5rUkl390lY-1739790622-1.2.1.1-Hm2fP4H0W6wf0XvEVeGCtjimn5pSJtQ4m1.clM7.ZZA3d6tY0hqSh18qKYq7RznxMMgbzt90jelboTjFRJbrBmTuwZ4_3zv78HKA5BVt.ASkNAlGuISSgMN9Y1n5w.6GcOKAVEb75takdmkRGkPxJflBFXGNmMqDaC9fOp2db8m.UQpQgOfw9Rhf0f_SO46zIkAAK4vOK531QkmlMa8vRawl5cKlGDsIuIQsgDUhzX9YaIhCpxoJY0Dw1Mra_4GUclh6ZEnVwlSL.44xcZia.2TbDTnym6NcgB2A2MwnGaV9E2JCGeygej_7uivB3ElIfWsiJOzlqcvNxZadcvNa6CiAqDpI7TEW.8vVnObntao6SSDgewyjzcaCUYRH5Qyalq7G4EHPAtlvhpnPXwMD.XDmctfz93729psd6rW0_BEtsJNkBwSJGOJu056tZdSZLnEmHJu8ApyF3fU67ac502iyTqTvjntpARX2D49EickGwk9fgD9srsNBOWLV5YvFQxDUPCwEMT2zppsnmE7fgiKQjqV6gtST6oyy95Z3hLTnKCmIK.drvs4UfWGjJrk5qGpnBGrmCPiMhC_4NhLIljAeo2DtHSsbEhbk7mgJZB0iw7aKgKp.17wiZN6H0JXxjSUueOGjltDfWNVyp_QHEk9cy0Qt4QBG5cK2XDPLgPQizTN_vHw1ktXKhJoetL3R75VnigxQzDKwcHZJqucR4xX7uJ9qfZfKI8mK1SCVK5iR_qBbPYmJFtsMN86W4gceJwy6to3MpryDmxcegu6dVcsb32vrq9aYy6N6T4aYWpG_94Ik8qzBFqYav48i3VwEEZ83dZSXPSjT_6d013KPJTMfdhxZ7KNGKpfKjfZg0Ax9ir6Q6dL7IvO2PFUci9YwxnwJzahs_04aHyAGw_3ssPSeZFPobelQuu.7JzSSgzrXveTUtxTcpqYpBOSX3TPFOt.u7pN8ikVQ8AEQCxr_GCRusb6qJEcXEORLjlp4YDdMtYV51V1XnsyEiAHJAvZmjtmPL5dLsu2EX8MjS6Dtaex2gnENDYKEOFXwK99jjVqJbZDKXACzgodOkHaTir9onQ7C05RshxYof8hGXa7dH3qqOodEYI7jYHJ41NGLmW1lkUZ6MrpZ0hLWzSY3z_HhLj4urbqkYvR84TGCyHGQsx3FJQ0nPkbqvVSDTt1.c5DMb1S5MBqMGSTxkONPKQhsa7JwllwsQANs3sV7Iz22ltIKIYwqFS1NOL1Yt5TxsIrhd8QfWg.7eWoPlari1jDAqpfM7E8NRPpCNMhST0_XW52xmboFIE5.9U3vqERyQLlUpjfmpDtcaHLWBtdW_AoXJMEA4UVk_e761CmhrUju9pmrKtq63givfJLcMcofK5o9y8RRss4RGOS3eDEE2mJix2ETsh2x8k5aYygt4JG7A1FIvClIml9Yyj_ZAo6i.lOLjPegurN_KU.j5wjiHsAOFAWOSRhpF5OLecbRe2xTIrjea3mkMM6tNq4q3oT78oa8.CG4YAcDT8aTVw23_464mrDlOPb.F.AXf2S4O8nwC1P0_7N5QPZslyuKLlA95hswGCfvYgWGo5FWYpdoHdDdMm78H6JE2NdxmiYCxgl3EqtmFx_FTRs5NAaa4vh578zh0qT9bg5ylhAfNwtqg86dJsGXV5W5U_yKh0i5PCaT62IaPw6mYnENGDxBTFsIib13LdFGww5ZiN9E7XLIiNY7KmGDCtL2JI_ypk_3ix1ituW.8GwSfEqpyPmgTFRhHO4qcqMKKp.M0wnOlnlP3VieNrqAp0hR6Vv1UVItviCZiv41BapwX.TQmMp4ut2EranbkT2IsK5KGtlDomy2NFzBPKHdwBwgnBnZ27qAnGdC7kUM8ZOdis8rF0sHUsg08JzeAXXskn53mguFL7JHDujb_tXIxlrNOuDrI4.KsRXgmXBebiPG3LikgvCWwEetjMfKRp8_PrCCO3V8I8o5Q_TG"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9135549df8129cb9';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/150175\/a-deep-explanation-for-the-formation-of-force-as-a-foundational-law-of-physics-by-incorporating-unknown-degrees-of-freedom-into-space?__cf_chl_rt_tk=jDTn3_MgcCxX0MH0EP7sapW5uxhpXE8VKajZWnJDYOA-1739790622-1.0.1.1-pQ05PPGjVJ2LGP.mqYgEVJF8YrIr2DowgkJFQcPZ.D4" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>