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href="#2010s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>2010s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2010–2014" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010–2014"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.1</span> <span>2010–2014</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010–2014-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2015–2018" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2015–2018"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3.2</span> <span>2015–2018</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2015–2018-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popular_support" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popular_support"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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The reason given is: Updates needed past August 6, 2021.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Maoist insurgency in Turkey</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>24 April 1972 – present<br />(52 years, 7 months and 6 days)</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location">Turkey, mainly in <a href="/wiki/Tunceli_Province" title="Tunceli Province">Tunceli Province</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Status</th><td class="status"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_ongoing_armed_conflicts" title="List of ongoing armed conflicts">Ongoing</a></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Turkey" title="Government of Turkey">Government of Turkey</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg/23px-Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg/35px-Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg/45px-Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Turkey/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist" title="Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist">TKP/ML</a> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_TiKKO.svg/23px-Flag_of_TiKKO.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_TiKKO.svg/35px-Flag_of_TiKKO.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Flag_of_TiKKO.svg/45px-Flag_of_TiKKO.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/T%C4%B0KKO" class="mw-redirect" title="TİKKO">TİKKO</a></li></ul> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/MKP-FLAG.svg/23px-MKP-FLAG.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/MKP-FLAG.svg/35px-MKP-FLAG.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/MKP-FLAG.svg/45px-MKP-FLAG.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Maoist_Communist_Party_(Turkey)" title="Maoist Communist Party (Turkey)">MKP-HKO-PHG</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Turkey/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_(Maoist_Party_Centre)" title="Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist (Maoist Party Centre)">Maoist Party Centre</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Recep Tayyip Erdoğan</a></b> <br /> (2014–present) <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/MSB-Logo.png/15px-MSB-Logo.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/MSB-Logo.png/23px-MSB-Logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/MSB-Logo.png/30px-MSB-Logo.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="900" /></span></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Ya%C5%9Far_G%C3%BCler" title="Yaşar Güler">Yaşar Güler</a></b> <br /> (2023–present) <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Standard_of_General_staff_of_Turkish_Armed_Forces.svg/15px-Standard_of_General_staff_of_Turkish_Armed_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Standard_of_General_staff_of_Turkish_Armed_Forces.svg/23px-Standard_of_General_staff_of_Turkish_Armed_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Standard_of_General_staff_of_Turkish_Armed_Forces.svg/30px-Standard_of_General_staff_of_Turkish_Armed_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Metin_G%C3%BCrak" title="Metin Gürak">Metin Gürak</a></b> <br /> (2023–present) <br /><b><a href="/wiki/Ali_Yerlikaya" title="Ali Yerlikaya">Ali Yerlikaya</a></b> <br /> (2023–present) </p> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Former:</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_G%C3%BCl" title="Abdullah Gül">Abdullah Gül</a> (2007–14) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ahmet_Necdet_Sezer" title="Ahmet Necdet Sezer">Ahmet Necdet Sezer</a> (2000–07) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_Demirel" title="Süleyman Demirel">Süleyman Demirel</a> (1993–2000) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Turgut_%C3%96zal" title="Turgut Özal">Turgut Özal</a> (1989–93) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kenan_Evren" title="Kenan Evren">Kenan Evren</a> (1980–89) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fahri_Korut%C3%BCrk" title="Fahri Korutürk">Fahri Korutürk</a> (1973–80) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cevdet_Sunay" title="Cevdet Sunay">Cevdet Sunay</a> (1972–73) </li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg/23px-Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg/35px-Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg/45px-Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0brahim_Kaypakkaya" title="İbrahim Kaypakkaya">İbrahim Kaypakkaya</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Executed"><img alt="Executed" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skull_and_Crossbones.svg/14px-Skull_and_Crossbones.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skull_and_Crossbones.svg/21px-Skull_and_Crossbones.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Skull_and_Crossbones.svg/28px-Skull_and_Crossbones.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="510" data-file-height="490" /></a></span><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg/23px-Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg/35px-Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg/45px-Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span></span> Süleyman Cihan <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg/23px-Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg/35px-Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg/45px-Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span></span> Kazım Çelik <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg/23px-Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg/35px-Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg/45px-Flag_of_Communist_Party_of_Turkey-Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span></span> Mehmet Demirdağ <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a> </p> <hr /> Cüneyt Kahraman <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><br />Cafer Cangöz <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/Nubar_Ozanyan" title="Nubar Ozanyan">Nubar Ozanyan</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Units involved</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">Turkish Armed Forces</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Land_Forces" title="Turkish Land Forces">Turkish Land Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Air_Force" title="Turkish Air Force">Turkish Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Naval_Forces" title="Turkish Naval Forces">Turkish Naval Forces</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Gendarmerie" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish Gendarmerie">Turkish Gendarmerie</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C4%B0TEM" class="mw-redirect" title="JİTEM">JİTEM</a></li></ul> <p><a href="/wiki/Special_Forces_Command_(Turkey)" title="Special Forces Command (Turkey)">Special Forces Command</a><br /><a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_of_Security_(Turkey)" title="General Directorate of Security (Turkey)">General Directorate of Security</a> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87evik_Kuvvet" title="Çevik Kuvvet">Riot Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Special_Operation_Department" title="Police Special Operation Department">Police Special Operation Department</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Turkey)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Turkey)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_(Turkey)" title="Ministry of National Defense (Turkey)">National Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_the_Interior_(Turkey)" title="Ministry of the Interior (Turkey)">Ministry of the Interior</a></li></ul> </div></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <br /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Unknown</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Unknown</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Unknown</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> Unknown</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Maoist insurgency in Turkey</b>, referred by the Maoists as the <b>People's War</b> (<a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: <i lang="tr">Halk savaşı</i>), is an ongoing low-level insurgency in eastern <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> between the Turkish government and <a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Maoist</a> rebels that began in the early 1970s. The insurgency declined in the late 1980s and 1990s and has been sidelined by the larger <a href="/wiki/Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict_(1978%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)">Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)</a>. Low-level armed attacks continue to be carried out by Maoist insurgent groups, the most significant of which are the Liberation Army of the Workers and Peasants of Turkey (TİKKO) (the armed wing of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Turkey/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist" title="Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist">Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist</a>) and the People's Liberation Army (HKO) and People's Partisan Forces (PHG), both armed wings of the <a href="/wiki/Maoist_Communist_Party_(Turkey)" title="Maoist Communist Party (Turkey)">Maoist Communist Party</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 24 April 1972, the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Turkey/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist" title="Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist">Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist</a> (TKP/ML, sometimes incorrectly referred to as <i>Partizan</i> after the name of one of its publications) was formed by a radical group led by <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0brahim_Kaypakkaya" title="İbrahim Kaypakkaya">İbrahim Kaypakkaya</a>, and intended to wage a <a href="/wiki/People%27s_war" title="People's war">people's war</a>. However, a year later Kaypakkaya was captured, tortured and killed. In 1978, it had its first conference, affirming its plan for <a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_warfare" title="Guerrilla warfare">guerrilla warfare</a>, although the idea of armed rebellion remained in theory with little progress made to fruition.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The TKP/ML was involved in <a href="/wiki/Political_violence_in_Turkey_(1976%E2%80%931980)" title="Political violence in Turkey (1976–1980)">political violence between left and right wing groups in the 1970s</a>. </p><p>In the late 1980s, the TKP/ML suffered from a series of splits following the party's second congress. In 1993, the TKP/ML attempted unsuccessfully to reunify with the <a href="/wiki/Maoist_Communist_Party_(Turkey)" title="Maoist Communist Party (Turkey)">Maoist Communist Party (Turkey)</a> </p><p>On 17 May 1985, the TKP/ML broadcast a propaganda message to millions of television viewers in <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>, replacing the soundtrack for the evening news.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Insurgency">Insurgency</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Insurgency"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Prose plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Prose" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is in <a href="/wiki/MOS:LIST" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:LIST">list</a> format but may read better as <a href="/wiki/MOS:PROSE" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:PROSE">prose</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey&action=edit">converting this section</a>, if appropriate. <a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing help</a> is available.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1970-80s">1970-80s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1970-80s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>TKP/ML's military wing, the Liberation Army of the Workers and Peasants of Turkey (TİKKO), carried out militant and guerrilla actions in the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s, mainly in the <a href="/wiki/Tunceli_Province" title="Tunceli Province">Tunceli Province</a>, whose inhabitants saw the Maoist guerrilla war as revenge for the repression of the <a href="/wiki/Dersim_rebellion" class="mw-redirect" title="Dersim rebellion">Dersim rebellion</a> in 1938.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> TİKKO reached its height during this period, carrying out guerrilla warfare in the mountainous areas of the Tunceli and <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a> regions.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000s">2000s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 2000s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2000, Turkish security forces launched operations against TİKKO insurgents in the provinces of <a href="/wiki/Tokat" title="Tokat">Tokat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sivas" title="Sivas">Sivas</a>. Discovering 12 hideouts, they recovered nine machine guns, four rocket launchers, grenades, and explosives, as well as 10 tonnes of food and medicine.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>On 11 December 2000, TİKKO insurgents open fire on a police special task force, killing two and wounding 12.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In 2001, police captured five insurgents and weapons including two <a href="/wiki/9K111_Fagot" title="9K111 Fagot">9K111 Fagot</a> anti-tank missiles.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In March 2009, Tamer Bilici, a doctor in service during a 2000 hunger strike in Kandıra <a href="/wiki/F-type_prison" title="F-type prison">F-type prison</a>, was "in front of his house punished with death" by MKP-HKO for being a <i>public enemy</i> because he was blamed for the deaths and permanent disabilities of inmates.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2009 MKP-HKO claimed responsibility for the death of a retired colonel, Aytekin İçmez.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2010s">2010s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2010s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2010–2014"><span id="2010.E2.80.932014"></span>2010–2014</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 2010–2014"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>Tunceli</b>: On 29 June 2010, two guerrillas of the TİKKO were killed in the mountains of <a href="/wiki/Tunceli_Province" title="Tunceli Province">Tunceli</a> by the Turkish state forces.</li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: On 2 February 2011, five guerrillas of TİKKO in <a href="/wiki/Tunceli_Province" title="Tunceli Province">Tunceli</a> died as a result of an avalanche.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: On 15 November 2012, 24 guerrillas of HKO were surrounded and captured in Tunceli.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: On 26 July 2013, the control building of a hydroelectric power plant regulator was bombed in the countryside of <a href="/wiki/Tunceli_Province" title="Tunceli Province">Tunceli Province</a> by TİKKO militants.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: 14 March 2014, TİKKO guerrillas attacked a police station in Tunceli. TKP/ML declared that the attack was revenge for the death of <a href="/wiki/Berkin_Elvan" class="mw-redirect" title="Berkin Elvan">Berkin Elvan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: On 8 July 2014, TİKKO guerrillas stopped a truck carrying five workers to a base station at Altınyüzük and set the vehicle on fire.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: On 15 August 2014, TiKKO guerrillas attacked a Gendarmerie Station in Ovacik. No casualties were reported.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2015–2018"><span id="2015.E2.80.932018"></span>2015–2018</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2015–2018"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In June 2015, MKP-PHG killed former colonel Fehmi Altinbilek.</li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: On 22 July, TİKKO guerrillas attacked a Gendarmerie Station in <a href="/wiki/Hozat" title="Hozat">Hozat</a>. No casualties were reported.</li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: 10 October, guerrillas of the PKK and the TKP / ML-TİKKO attacked the military base of Geyiksuyu in the province of Tunceli.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: On 15 October, TİKKO guerrillas attacked the military base of Amukta, in <a href="/wiki/Hozat" title="Hozat">Hozat</a> county.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: On 21 October, three TİKKO guerrillas died in a clash with <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">TSK</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ovac%C4%B1k,_Dersim" class="mw-redirect" title="Ovacık, Dersim">Ovacık</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The funeral of guerrillas was attended by hundreds of people, who sang songs and shouted revolutionary slogans.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: 9 May 2016, two TİKKO guerrillas were killed in Geyiksuyu, Tunceli during a clash with TSK Soldiers.</li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: During 24–28 November, twelve guerrillas of TKP/ML TİKKO died during an army operation at Aliboğazı region of the Tunceli province.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Istanbul</b>: On 10 February 2017, TİKKO fighters set fire to the AKP headquarter in <a href="/wiki/Pendik" title="Pendik">Pendik</a> district.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: On 18 June, MKP-HKO guerrillas attacked the military base of Kuşluca in Tunceli, Halkin Günlüğü claimed the attack killed two soldiers and wounded one.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: On 1 August, three MKP-HKO guerrillas were killed in a clash with <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">TSK</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ovac%C4%B1k,_Dersim" class="mw-redirect" title="Ovacık, Dersim">Ovacık</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: 18 August, two MKP-HKO guerrillas died when they were surrounded in Hozat by the armed forces.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: On 26 September, two MKP-HKO guerrillas were killed by <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">TSK</a> soldiers in Ovacık.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>On 16 November, four MKP-HKO guerrillas were killed in clashes with TSK.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: On 24 April 2018, two female TİKKO guerrillas were killed and another was captured by TSK Soldiers in.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><b>Tunceli</b>: On 5/6 August, six TİKKO guerrillas were killed by the Turkish Army.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Popular_support">Popular support</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Popular support"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The TKP-ML came to be the most influential socialist organisation within Dersim's society to the point that they became an organic component of their politico-cultural collective belonging.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Individuals supported by ideological descendants of the TKP-ML in Dersim received a third of votes in elections in 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_culture">In culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: In culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Some songs of music bands such as <a href="/wiki/Grup_Munzur" title="Grup Munzur">Grup Munzur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grup_Yorum" title="Grup Yorum">Grup Yorum</a> refer to insurgency in Dersim.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dersim%27de_Do%C4%9Fan_G%C3%BCne%C5%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="Dersim'de Doğan Güneş">Dersim'de Doğan Güneş</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_insurgency" title="Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency">Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_violence_in_Turkey_(1976%E2%80%931980)" title="Political violence in Turkey (1976–1980)">Political violence in Turkey (1976–1980)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DHKP/C_insurgency_in_Turkey" title="DHKP/C insurgency in Turkey">DHKP/C insurgency in Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gezi_Park_protests" title="Gezi Park protests">Gezi Park protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_resistance_in_Chile_(1973%E2%80%931990)" title="Armed resistance in Chile (1973–1990)">Armed resistance in Chile (1973–1990)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_People%27s_Army_rebellion" title="New People's Army rebellion">New People's Army rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_conflict" title="Colombian conflict">Colombian conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Peruvian conflict">Peruvian conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency" title="Naxalite–Maoist insurgency">Naxalite–Maoist insurgency</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bannedthought.net/India/PeoplesMarch/PM1999-2006/archives/2001/apr2k1/History.htm">"History of the Communist Movement in Turkey"</a>. <i>www.bannedthought.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171012063333/http://www.bannedthought.net/India/PeoplesMarch/PM1999-2006/archives/2001/apr2k1/History.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 12 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.bannedthought.net&rft.atitle=History+of+the+Communist+Movement+in+Turkey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bannedthought.net%2FIndia%2FPeoplesMarch%2FPM1999-2006%2Farchives%2F2001%2Fapr2k1%2FHistory.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A World to Win Magazine, 1985, "TKP/ML seizes the airwaves 8PM News Break"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Construction of a Nation: The Early Years of the Turkish Republic and Dersim Events</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Turkey and the War on Terror: "For Forty Years we Fought Alone", page 27</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190515020239/http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/operations-underway-against-tkp-ml-tikko-2000-01-03">"Hürriyet Daily News"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/operations-underway-against-tkp-ml-tikko-2000-01-03">the original</a> on 15 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=H%C3%BCrriyet+Daily+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hurriyetdailynews.com%2Foperations-underway-against-tkp-ml-tikko-2000-01-03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://smapp.rand.org/rwtid/incident_detail.php?id=14960">"RAND - NSRD - Projects - RAND Database of Worldwide Terrorism Incidents"</a>. Smapp.rand.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141219115108/http://smapp.rand.org/rwtid/incident_detail.php?id=14960">Archived</a> from the original on 19 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RAND+-+NSRD+-+Projects+-+RAND+Database+of+Worldwide+Terrorism+Incidents&rft.pub=Smapp.rand.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsmapp.rand.org%2Frwtid%2Fincident_detail.php%3Fid%3D14960&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190515192419/http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/police-seize-anti-tank-missiles-2001-05-02">"Hürriyet Daily News"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/police-seize-anti-tank-missiles-2001-05-02">the original</a> on 15 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=H%C3%BCrriyet+Daily+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hurriyetdailynews.com%2Fpolice-seize-anti-tank-missiles-2001-05-02&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141219115120/http://www.sosyalistforum.net/politik-gundem/23829-mkp-f-tipi-katillerinden-biri-cezalandirildi.html">"MKP: F Tipi katillerinden biri cezalandırıldı"</a>. Sosyalistforum.net. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sosyalistforum.net/politik-gundem/23829-mkp-f-tipi-katillerinden-biri-cezalandirildi.html">the original</a> on 19 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MKP%3A+F+Tipi+katillerinden+biri+cezaland%C4%B1r%C4%B1ld%C4%B1&rft.pub=Sosyalistforum.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sosyalistforum.net%2Fpolitik-gundem%2F23829-mkp-f-tipi-katillerinden-biri-cezalandirildi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHüseyin_TÜCCAR-_Erdoğan_PAÇİN2009" class="citation web cs1">Hüseyin TÜCCAR- Erdoğan PAÇİN (30 September 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radikal.com.tr/Radikal.aspx?aType=RadikalDetayV3&ArticleID=956938&CategoryID=77">"MKP-HKO emekli albayı öldürdü"</a>. Sabah<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 August</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MKP-HKO+emekli+albay%C4%B1+%C3%B6ld%C3%BCrd%C3%BC&rft.pub=Sabah&rft.date=2009-09-30&rft.au=H%C3%BCseyin+T%C3%9CCCAR-+Erdo%C4%9Fan+PA%C3%87%C4%B0N&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radikal.com.tr%2FRadikal.aspx%3FaType%3DRadikalDetayV3%26ArticleID%3D956938%26CategoryID%3D77&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bannedthought.net/Turkey/TKP-ML/2011/FiveDieInAvalanche-110420.pdf">"To the Press and the Public: 5 martyrs of TKP/ML-TİKKO died in Tunceli"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Bannedthought.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923182118/http://www.bannedthought.net/Turkey/TKP-ML/2011/FiveDieInAvalanche-110420.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 23 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=To+the+Press+and+the+Public%3A+5+martyrs+of+TKP%2FML-T%C4%B0KKO+died+in+Tunceli&rft.pub=Bannedthought.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bannedthought.net%2FTurkey%2FTKP-ML%2F2011%2FFiveDieInAvalanche-110420.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMike_Ely" class="citation web cs1">Mike Ely. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141013003427/http://kasamaproject.org/imperialism-war/3192-24turkey-five-communist-fighters-killed-in-avalanche">"Turkey: Five Communist Fighters Killed in Avalanche"</a>. <i>Kasama Project</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kasamaproject.org/imperialism-war/3192-24turkey-five-communist-fighters-killed-in-avalanche">the original</a> on 13 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kasama+Project&rft.atitle=Turkey%3A+Five+Communist+Fighters+Killed+in+Avalanche&rft.au=Mike+Ely&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkasamaproject.org%2Fimperialism-war%2F3192-24turkey-five-communist-fighters-killed-in-avalanche&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141012132237/http://dersimnews.com/dersim/24-mkphko-militani-teslim-oldu-iddiasi.html">"24 MKP/HKO Militanı Teslim Oldu İddiası"</a>. <i>Dersim News, Dersim Haber, Dersim, Tunceli Haber, Dersim Haber Sitesi, Dersim Haberleri, Tunceli Haberleri,Dersim 38, Kırmancki, Zazaca, Dersimce, Alevi Haberleri, Pülümür, Hozat, Ovacık, Mazgirt, Nazımiye, Çemişgezek, Erzincan, Erzincan Haber, Varto, Varto Haber, Kiğı, Kiğı Haber, Bingöl, Bingöl Haber, Gündem, Haber, Haberler, Avrupa Haber, Alevi Haber, Alevi Haberleri</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dersimnews.com/dersim/24-mkphko-militani-teslim-oldu-iddiasi.html">the original</a> on 12 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dersim+News%2C+Dersim+Haber%2C+Dersim%2C+Tunceli+Haber%2C+Dersim+Haber+Sitesi%2C+Dersim+Haberleri%2C+Tunceli+Haberleri%2CDersim+38%2C+K%C4%B1rmancki%2C+Zazaca%2C+Dersimce%2C+Alevi+Haberleri%2C+P%C3%BCl%C3%BCm%C3%BCr%2C+Hozat%2C+Ovac%C4%B1k%2C+Mazgirt%2C+Naz%C4%B1miye%2C+%C3%87emi%C5%9Fgezek%2C+Erzincan%2C+Erzincan+Haber%2C+Varto%2C+Varto+Haber%2C+Ki%C4%9F%C4%B1%2C+Ki%C4%9F%C4%B1+Haber%2C+Bing%C3%B6l%2C+Bing%C3%B6l+Haber%2C+G%C3%BCndem%2C+Haber%2C+Haberler%2C+Avrupa+Haber%2C+Alevi+Haber%2C+Alevi+Haberleri&rft.atitle=24+MKP%2FHKO+Militan%C4%B1+Teslim+Oldu+%C4%B0ddias%C4%B1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdersimnews.com%2Fdersim%2F24-mkphko-militani-teslim-oldu-iddiasi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://haber.stargazete.com/politika/arkadaslar-siz-de-teslim-olun-askerler-bize-cok-iyi-davraniyor/haber-705225">"Arkadaşlar, siz de teslim olun askerler bize çok iyi davranıyor"</a>. Dersimnews.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714150147/http://haber.stargazete.com/politika/arkadaslar-siz-de-teslim-olun-askerler-bize-cok-iyi-davraniyor/haber-705225">Archived</a> from the original on 14 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arkada%C5%9Flar%2C+siz+de+teslim+olun+askerler+bize+%C3%A7ok+iyi+davran%C4%B1yor&rft.pub=Dersimnews.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhaber.stargazete.com%2Fpolitika%2Farkadaslar-siz-de-teslim-olun-askerler-bize-cok-iyi-davraniyor%2Fhaber-705225&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bianet.org/english/environment/148775-hydroelectric-plant-regulator-bombed-in-dersim">"Hydroelectric Plant Regulator Bombed in Tunceli"</a>. <i>Bianet - Bagimsiz Iletisim Agi</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141012103335/http://www.bianet.org/english/environment/148775-hydroelectric-plant-regulator-bombed-in-dersim">Archived</a> from the original on 12 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bianet+-+Bagimsiz+Iletisim+Agi&rft.atitle=Hydroelectric+Plant+Regulator+Bombed+in+Tunceli&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bianet.org%2Fenglish%2Fenvironment%2F148775-hydroelectric-plant-regulator-bombed-in-dersim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150109052514/http://www.bestanuce1.com/haber/91388/tikkodan-berkin-elvan-icin-misilleme-eylemi">"TİKKO'dan Berkin Elvan için misilleme eylemi"</a>. <i>BestaNûçe Bestanuce.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bestanuce1.com/haber/91388/tikkodan-berkin-elvan-icin-misilleme-eylemi">the original</a> on 9 January 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BestaN%C3%BB%C3%A7e+Bestanuce.com&rft.atitle=T%C4%B0KKO%27dan+Berkin+Elvan+i%C3%A7in+misilleme+eylemi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bestanuce1.com%2Fhaber%2F91388%2Ftikkodan-berkin-elvan-icin-misilleme-eylemi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFÖzgür_Gelecek" class="citation web cs1">Özgür Gelecek. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ozgurgelecek.net/manset-haberler/9016-gerilladan-berkin-elvan-icin-misilleme-eylemi.html">"Gerilladan Berkin Elvan için misilleme eylemi"</a>. Ozgurgelecek.nl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141012191152/http://www.ozgurgelecek.net/manset-haberler/9016-gerilladan-berkin-elvan-icin-misilleme-eylemi.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gerilladan+Berkin+Elvan+i%C3%A7in+misilleme+eylemi&rft.pub=Ozgurgelecek.nl&rft.au=%C3%96zg%C3%BCr+Gelecek&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ozgurgelecek.net%2Fmanset-haberler%2F9016-gerilladan-berkin-elvan-icin-misilleme-eylemi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFÖzgür_Gelecek" class="citation web cs1">Özgür Gelecek. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ozgurgelecek.net/manset-haberler/10432-dersimde-gerilladan-baz-istasyonu-eylemi.html">"Dersim'de gerilladan baz istasyonu eylemi"</a>. Ozgurgeleck.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141204135924/http://www.ozgurgelecek.net/manset-haberler/10432-dersimde-gerilladan-baz-istasyonu-eylemi.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dersim%27de+gerilladan+baz+istasyonu+eylemi&rft.pub=Ozgurgeleck.net&rft.au=%C3%96zg%C3%BCr+Gelecek&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ozgurgelecek.net%2Fmanset-haberler%2F10432-dersimde-gerilladan-baz-istasyonu-eylemi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailysabah.com/europe/2014/07/09/communist-terrorist-group-sets-truck-ablaze-in-eastern-turkey">"Communist terrorist group sets truck ablaze in eastern Turkey"</a>. <i>dailysabah.com</i>. 9 July 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141205014753/http://www.dailysabah.com/europe/2014/07/09/communist-terrorist-group-sets-truck-ablaze-in-eastern-turkey">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dailysabah.com&rft.atitle=Communist+terrorist+group+sets+truck+ablaze+in+eastern+Turkey&rft.date=2014-07-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailysabah.com%2Feurope%2F2014%2F07%2F09%2Fcommunist-terrorist-group-sets-truck-ablaze-in-eastern-turkey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://secoursrouge.org/Turquie-La-guerilla-maoiste-et-la-guerilla-kurde-menent-une-operation-conjointe">"Turquie : La guérilla maoïste et la guérilla kurde mènent une opération conjointe"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181009052727/https://secoursrouge.org/Turquie-La-guerilla-maoiste-et-la-guerilla-kurde-menent-une-operation-conjointe">Archived</a> from the original on 9 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turquie+%3A+La+gu%C3%A9rilla+mao%C3%AFste+et+la+gu%C3%A9rilla+kurde+m%C3%A8nent+une+op%C3%A9ration+conjointe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsecoursrouge.org%2FTurquie-La-guerilla-maoiste-et-la-guerilla-kurde-menent-une-operation-conjointe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.atik-online.net/blog/tkpml-tikkodan-ankara-sehitlerinin-anisina-eylem.html">"TKP/ML -TİKKO'dan Ankara şehitlerinin anısına eylem - ATİK Online"</a>. <i>www.atik-online.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170113004640/http://www.atik-online.net/blog/tkpml-tikkodan-ankara-sehitlerinin-anisina-eylem.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.atik-online.net&rft.atitle=TKP%2FML+-T%C4%B0KKO%27dan+Ankara+%C5%9Fehitlerinin+an%C4%B1s%C4%B1na+eylem+-+AT%C4%B0K+Online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atik-online.net%2Fblog%2Ftkpml-tikkodan-ankara-sehitlerinin-anisina-eylem.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171012064059/http://www.ozgurgelecek.org/manset-haberler/17220-ydg-halk-savaclar-oeluemsuezduer-muecadeleniz-muecadelemizdir.html">"Özgür Gelecek - Paşêroja Azad - Günlük Haber Bülteni - YDG: Halk Savaşçıları Ölümsüzdür! Mücadeleniz, Mücadelemizdir!"</a>. <i>www.ozgurgelecek.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ozgurgelecek.org/manset-haberler/17220-ydg-halk-savaclar-oeluemsuezduer-muecadeleniz-muecadelemizdir.html">the original</a> on 12 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ozgurgelecek.org&rft.atitle=%C3%96zg%C3%BCr+Gelecek+-+Pa%C5%9F%C3%AAroja+Azad+-+G%C3%BCnl%C3%BCk+Haber+B%C3%BClteni+-+YDG%3A+Halk+Sava%C5%9F%C3%A7%C4%B1lar%C4%B1+%C3%96l%C3%BCms%C3%BCzd%C3%BCr%21+M%C3%BCcadeleniz%2C+M%C3%BCcadelemizdir%21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ozgurgelecek.org%2Fmanset-haberler%2F17220-ydg-halk-savaclar-oeluemsuezduer-muecadeleniz-muecadelemizdir.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSeyri_Sokak2015" class="citation web cs1">Seyri Sokak (4 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZQTFDAiXOjY">"Mercan şehitleri:Cengiz, Hakan, Özgüç"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2017</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mercan+%C5%9Fehitleri%3ACengiz%2C+Hakan%2C+%C3%96zg%C3%BC%C3%A7&rft.date=2015-11-04&rft.au=Seyri+Sokak&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DZQTFDAiXOjY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20171012064059/http://ozgurgelecek1.net/manset-haberler/24456-tkko-rojava-12leri-anmak-onlarn-bo-kalan-mevzilerini-doldurmaktr.html">"Özgür Gelecek - Paşêroja Azad - Günlük Haber Bülteni - TİKKO Rojava "12'leri anmak, onların boş kalan mevzilerini doldurmaktır"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>ozgurgelecek1.net</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ozgurgelecek1.net/manset-haberler/24456-tkko-rojava-12leri-anmak-onlarn-bo-kalan-mevzilerini-doldurmaktr.html">the original</a> on 12 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ozgurgelecek1.net&rft.atitle=%C3%96zg%C3%BCr+Gelecek+-+Pa%C5%9F%C3%AAroja+Azad+-+G%C3%BCnl%C3%BCk+Haber+B%C3%BClteni+-+T%C4%B0KKO+Rojava+%2212%27leri+anmak%2C+onlar%C4%B1n+bo%C5%9F+kalan+mevzilerini+doldurmakt%C4%B1r%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fozgurgelecek1.net%2Fmanset-haberler%2F24456-tkko-rojava-12leri-anmak-onlarn-bo-kalan-mevzilerini-doldurmaktr.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171012064839/http://www.ozgurgelecek.org/manset-haberler/18958-tkko-militanlar-kuerdistan-icin-akp-binasn-atee-verdi.html">"Özgür Gelecek - Paşêroja Azad - Günlük Haber Bülteni - TİKKO militanları Kürdistan için AKP binasını ateşe verdi"</a>. <i>www.ozgurgelecek.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ozgurgelecek.org/manset-haberler/18958-tkko-militanlar-kuerdistan-icin-akp-binasn-atee-verdi.html">the original</a> on 12 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ozgurgelecek.org&rft.atitle=%C3%96zg%C3%BCr+Gelecek+-+Pa%C5%9F%C3%AAroja+Azad+-+G%C3%BCnl%C3%BCk+Haber+B%C3%BClteni+-+T%C4%B0KKO+militanlar%C4%B1+K%C3%BCrdistan+i%C3%A7in+AKP+binas%C4%B1n%C4%B1+ate%C5%9Fe+verdi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ozgurgelecek.org%2Fmanset-haberler%2F18958-tkko-militanlar-kuerdistan-icin-akp-binasn-atee-verdi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180920045444/http://halkingunlugu2.org/index.php/guncel/item/11044-mkp-hko-gerillalarindan-eylem">"MKP/HKO gerillalarından eylem!"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://halkingunlugu2.org/index.php/guncel/item/11044-mkp-hko-gerillalarindan-eylem">the original</a> on 20 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MKP%2FHKO+gerillalar%C4%B1ndan+eylem%21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhalkingunlugu2.org%2Findex.php%2Fguncel%2Fitem%2F11044-mkp-hko-gerillalarindan-eylem&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170913140304/http://www.halkingunlugu1.org/index.php/guncel/item/11452-mkp-hko-dan-ovacik-muharebesine-iliskin-aciklama">"MKP/HKO'dan Ovacık muharebesine ilişkin açıklama!"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.halkingunlugu1.org/index.php/guncel/item/11452-mkp-hko-dan-ovacik-muharebesine-iliskin-aciklama">the original</a> on 13 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MKP%2FHKO%27dan+Ovac%C4%B1k+muharebesine+ili%C5%9Fkin+a%C3%A7%C4%B1klama%21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.halkingunlugu1.org%2Findex.php%2Fguncel%2Fitem%2F11452-mkp-hko-dan-ovacik-muharebesine-iliskin-aciklama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170905220647/http://etha.com.tr/Haber/2017/08/02/guncel/ovacikta-3-mkphko-gerillasi-sehit-dustu/">"Ovacık'ta 3 MKP/HKO gerillası şehit düştü"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etha.com.tr/Haber/2017/08/02/guncel/ovacikta-3-mkphko-gerillasi-sehit-dustu/">the original</a> on 5 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ovac%C4%B1k%27ta+3+MKP%2FHKO+gerillas%C4%B1+%C5%9Fehit+d%C3%BC%C5%9Ft%C3%BC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etha.com.tr%2FHaber%2F2017%2F08%2F02%2Fguncel%2Fovacikta-3-mkphko-gerillasi-sehit-dustu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adhk.de/?p=14551">"Hozat'ta iki MKP/HKO gerillası ölümsüzleşti"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170913183018/http://adhk.de/?p=14551">Archived</a> from the original on 13 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hozat%27ta+iki+MKP%2FHKO+gerillas%C4%B1+%C3%B6l%C3%BCms%C3%BCzle%C5%9Fti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fadhk.de%2F%3Fp%3D14551&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://alinteri.org/mkp-hko-gerillalari-olumsuzluk-yolculugunda.html">"MKP/HKO gerillaları ölümsüzlük yolculuğunda"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170913135221/http://alinteri.org/mkp-hko-gerillalari-olumsuzluk-yolculugunda.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=MKP%2FHKO+gerillalar%C4%B1+%C3%B6l%C3%BCms%C3%BCzl%C3%BCk+yolculu%C4%9Funda&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Falinteri.org%2Fmkp-hko-gerillalari-olumsuzluk-yolculugunda.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171012063726/http://www.partizanmlm2.net/dersim-ovacikta-2-mkphko-gerillasi-olumsuzlesti.html">"Dersim-Ovacık'ta 2 MKP/HKO gerillası ölümsüzleşti"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.partizanmlm2.net/dersim-ovacikta-2-mkphko-gerillasi-olumsuzlesti.html">the original</a> on 12 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dersim-Ovac%C4%B1k%27ta+2+MKP%2FHKO+gerillas%C4%B1+%C3%B6l%C3%BCms%C3%BCzle%C5%9Fti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.partizanmlm2.net%2Fdersim-ovacikta-2-mkphko-gerillasi-olumsuzlesti.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20171012064104/http://ozgurgelecek3.net/manset-haberler/26131-ovackta-2-mkphko-gerillas-oeluemsuezleti.html">"Özgür Gelecek | Paşêroja Azad | Günlük Haber Bülteni | Ovacık'ta 2 MKP/HKO gerillası ölümsüzleşti"</a>. <i>wayback.archive-it.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wayback.archive-it.org&rft.atitle=%C3%96zg%C3%BCr+Gelecek+%26%23124%3B+Pa%C5%9F%C3%AAroja+Azad+%26%23124%3B+G%C3%BCnl%C3%BCk+Haber+B%C3%BClteni+%26%23124%3B+Ovac%C4%B1k%E2%80%99ta+2+MKP%2FHKO+gerillas%C4%B1+%C3%B6l%C3%BCms%C3%BCzle%C5%9Fti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwayback.archive-it.org%2Fall%2F20171012064104%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fozgurgelecek3.net%2Fmanset-haberler%2F26131-ovackta-2-mkphko-gerillas-oeluemsuezleti.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170929233357/https://www.halkingunlugu1.org/index.php/manset/3154-ovacik-ta-olumsuzlesen-hko-savascilarinin-isimleri-netlesti">"Ovacık'ta ölümsüzleşen HKO savaşçılarının isimleri netleşti!"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.halkingunlugu1.org/index.php/manset/3154-ovacik-ta-olumsuzlesen-hko-savascilarinin-isimleri-netlesti">the original</a> on 29 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ovac%C4%B1k%27ta+%C3%B6l%C3%BCms%C3%BCzle%C5%9Fen+HKO+sava%C5%9F%C3%A7%C4%B1lar%C4%B1n%C4%B1n+isimleri+netle%C5%9Fti%21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.halkingunlugu1.org%2Findex.php%2Fmanset%2F3154-ovacik-ta-olumsuzlesen-hko-savascilarinin-isimleri-netlesti&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSözen2019" class="citation journal cs1">Sözen, Ülker (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/48710205">"Culture, Politics and Contested Identity among the "Kurdish" Alevis of Dersim: The Case of the Munzur Culture and Nature Festival"</a>. <i>Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies</i>. <b>6</b> (1): 63–76. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2149-1291">2149-1291</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ethnic+and+Cultural+Studies&rft.atitle=Culture%2C+Politics+and+Contested+Identity+among+the+%E2%80%9CKurdish%E2%80%9D+Alevis+of+Dersim%3A+The+Case+of+the+Munzur+Culture+and+Nature+Festival&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=63-76&rft.date=2019&rft.issn=2149-1291&rft.aulast=S%C3%B6zen&rft.aufirst=%C3%9Clker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F48710205&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSözen2019" class="citation journal cs1">Sözen, Ülker (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/48710205">"Culture, Politics and Contested Identity among the "Kurdish" Alevis of Dersim: The Case of the Munzur Culture and Nature Festival"</a>. <i>Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies</i>. <b>6</b> (1): 63–76. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2149-1291">2149-1291</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ethnic+and+Cultural+Studies&rft.atitle=Culture%2C+Politics+and+Contested+Identity+among+the+%E2%80%9CKurdish%E2%80%9D+Alevis+of+Dersim%3A+The+Case+of+the+Munzur+Culture+and+Nature+Festival&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=63-76&rft.date=2019&rft.issn=2149-1291&rft.aulast=S%C3%B6zen&rft.aufirst=%C3%9Clker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F48710205&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaoist+insurgency+in+Turkey" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nouvelleturquie.com/en/">New Turkey - revolutionary news portal</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bannedthought.net/Turkey/index.htm">Banned Thought - Turkey</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ozgurgelecek.net/">Özgür Gelecek - news portal related to TKP/ML</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kaypakkayahaber.com/">Kaypakkaya partizan</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170923145619/https://www.halkingunlugu1.org/">Halkin Gunlugu - news portal related to MKP</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180501220251/http://www.babaerdogan.org/tkp-ml.html">List of maoist guerillas killed in Turkey</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170913041608/http://istanbul.indymedia.org/en/news/videos-peoples-war-turkey">Videos from the 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War">Cold War</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_conflicts_in_Asia" title="List of conflicts in Asia">conflicts in Asia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">India</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_conflict" title="Kashmir conflict">Kashmir conflict (1947–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2013_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2013 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2013 India–Pakistan border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014%E2%80%932015_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2014–2015 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2014–2015 India–Pakistan border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%932018_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2016–2018 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2016–2018 India–Pakistan border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kargil_War" title="Kargil War">Kargil War (1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir">Jammu and Kashmir insurgency (1989–present)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Northeast_India" title="Insurgency in Northeast India">Insurgency in Northeast India (1964–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency" title="Naxalite–Maoist insurgency">Naxalite–Maoist insurgency (1967–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_violence_in_India" title="Religious violence in India">Religious violence in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Punjab,_India" title="Insurgency in Punjab, India">Insurgency in Punjab (1981–1995)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pakistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes">Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_conflict" title="Kashmir conflict">Kashmir conflict (1947–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2013_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2013 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2013 India–Pakistan border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014%E2%80%932015_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2014–2015 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">India–Pakistan border skirmishes (2014–2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%932018_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2016–2018 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">India–Pakistan border skirmishes (2016–2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kargil_War" title="Kargil War">Kargil War (1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir">Jammu and Kashmir insurgency (1989–present)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Balochistan" title="Insurgency in Balochistan">Insurgency in Balochistan (2004–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa" title="Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (2004–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Sindh" title="Insurgency in Sindh">Insurgency in Sindh (2010–present)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sri Lanka</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1971_JVP_insurrection" title="1971 JVP insurrection">JVP insurrection (1971)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_civil_war" title="Sri Lankan civil war">Sri Lankan civil war (1983–2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987%E2%80%931989_JVP_insurrection" title="1987–1989 JVP insurrection">JVP insurrection (1987–1989)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932013_Maldives_political_crisis" title="2011–2013 Maldives political crisis">Maldives political crisis (2011–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Civil_War" title="Nepalese Civil War">Nepalese Civil War (1996–2006)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_All_Clear" title="Operation All Clear">Operation All Clear</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third_Taiwan_Strait_Crisis" title="Third Taiwan Strait Crisis">Taiwan Strait Crisis (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_conflict" title="Xinjiang conflict">Xinjiang conflict (1960s–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Tibetan_unrest" title="2008 Tibetan unrest">Tibetan unrest (2008)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Korea <span style="font-size:85%;">(North<br />and South)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_conflict" title="Korean conflict">Korean conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_border_incidents_involving_North_and_South_Korea" title="List of border incidents involving North and South Korea">Maritime border incidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_North_Korean_nuclear_crisis" title="1994 North Korean nuclear crisis">1994 North Korean nuclear crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017%E2%80%932018_North_Korea_crisis" title="2017–2018 North Korea crisis">2017–2018 crisis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Taiwan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third_Taiwan_Strait_Crisis" title="Third Taiwan Strait Crisis">Taiwan Strait Crisis (1996)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southeast Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cambodia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian%E2%80%93Thai_border_dispute" title="Cambodian–Thai border dispute">Cambodian–Thai border dispute (2008–2011)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indonesia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papua_conflict" title="Papua conflict">Papua conflict (1969–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Aceh" title="Insurgency in Aceh">Insurgency in Aceh (1976–2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Madago_Raya" title="Operation Madago Raya">East Indonesia Mujahideen insurgency (2015–2022)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Myanmar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar_conflict" title="Myanmar conflict">Myanmar conflict (1948–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karen_conflict" title="Karen conflict">Karen conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kachin_conflict" title="Kachin conflict">Kachin conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohingya_conflict" title="Rohingya conflict">Rohingya conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar_civil_war_(2021%E2%80%93present)" title="Myanmar civil war (2021–present)">Civil war (2021–present)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Thailand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Thailand_insurgency" title="South Thailand insurgency">South Thailand insurgency (2004–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian%E2%80%93Thai_border_dispute" title="Cambodian–Thai border dispute">Cambodian–Thai border dispute (2008–2011)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East Timor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_occupation_of_East_Timor" title="Indonesian occupation of East Timor">Indonesian occupation (1975–1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_East_Timorese_crisis" title="1999 East Timorese crisis">1999 crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_East_Timorese_crisis" title="2006 East Timorese crisis">2006 crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Conflict_(1979%E2%80%931998)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambodian Conflict (1979–1998)">Cambodian Conflict (1979–1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Laos" title="Insurgency in Laos">Laotian insurgency (1975–2022)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_conflict_in_the_Philippines" title="Civil conflict in the Philippines">Philippine civil conflict (1969–present)</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/New_People%27s_Army_rebellion" title="New People's Army rebellion">NPA</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Moro_conflict" title="Moro conflict">Moro</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FULRO_insurgency" title="FULRO insurgency">FULRO insurgency (1964–1992)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Afghanistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes">Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_conflict" title="Afghan conflict">Afghan conflict</a> <ul><li>Civil War <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Civil_War_(1989%E2%80%931992)" title="Afghan Civil War (1989–1992)">1989–1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Civil_War_(1992%E2%80%931996)" title="Afghan Civil War (1992–1996)">1992–1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Civil_War_(1996%E2%80%932001)" title="Afghan Civil War (1996–2001)">1996–2001</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">2001–2021 War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_insurgency_in_Afghanistan" title="Republican insurgency in Afghanistan">Republican insurgency</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kazakhstan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_conflicts_in_Kazakhstan" title="Ethnic conflicts in Kazakhstan">Ethnic conflicts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kyrgyzstan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_Osh_clashes" title="1990 Osh clashes">1990 Osh clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Kyrgyz_Revolution" title="2010 Kyrgyz Revolution">2010 Kyrgyz Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_South_Kyrgyzstan_ethnic_clashes" title="2010 South Kyrgyzstan ethnic clashes">2010 South Kyrgyzstan ethnic clashes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tajikistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tajikistani_Civil_War" title="Tajikistani Civil War">Tajikistani Civil War (1992–1997)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Gorno-Badakhshan_(2010%E2%80%932015)" title="Insurgency in Gorno-Badakhshan (2010–2015)">Insurgency in Gorno-Badakhshan (2010–2015)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Uzbekistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fergana_massacre" title="Fergana massacre">Fergana massacre (1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andijan_massacre" title="Andijan massacre">Andijan massacre (2005)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Azerbaijan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict" title="Nagorno-Karabakh conflict">Nagorno-Karabakh conflict (1988–2024)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Nagorno-Karabakh_War" title="First Nagorno-Karabakh War">First War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict" title="2016 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict">2016 conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Nagorno-Karabakh_War" title="Second Nagorno-Karabakh War">Second War</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bahrain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Bahraini_uprising" title="2011 Bahraini uprising">Bahraini uprising (2011)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Iran</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_separatism_in_Iran" title="Kurdish separatism in Iran">Kurdish separatism in Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KDPI_insurgency_(1989%E2%80%931996)" title="KDPI insurgency (1989–1996)">KDPI insurgency (1989–1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93PJAK_conflict" title="Iran–PJAK conflict">Iran–PJAK conflict (2004–2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Iran_clashes_(2016%E2%80%93present)" title="Western Iran clashes (2016–present)">Western Iran clashes (2016–present)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_separatism_in_Khuzestan" title="Arab separatism in Khuzestan">Arab separatism in Khuzestan (1922–2020)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict">Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict (1979–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qatif_conflict" title="Qatif conflict">Qatif conflict</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Israel proxy conflict">Iran–Israel (1985–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Lebanon_conflict_(1985%E2%80%932000)" title="South Lebanon conflict (1985–2000)">South Lebanon (1985–2000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Lebanon_War" title="2006 Lebanon War">Lebanon War (2006)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Iran–Israel conflict during the Syrian civil war">Syrian arena (2012–present)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistan_and_Baluchestan_insurgency" title="Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency">Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency (2004–present)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Iraq</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi%E2%80%93Kurdish_conflict" title="Iraqi–Kurdish conflict">Iraqi–Kurdish conflict (1918–2003)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Kurdish_Civil_War" title="Iraqi Kurdish Civil War">Iraqi Kurdish Civil War (1994–1997</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_conflict" title="Iraqi conflict">Iraqi conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Kurdistan_conflict_(2001%E2%80%932003)" title="Iraqi Kurdistan conflict (2001–2003)">Iraqi Kurdistan conflict (2001–2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War (2003–2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_insurgency_(2011%E2%80%932013)" title="Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013)">Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Iraq_(2013%E2%80%932017)" title="War in Iraq (2013–2017)">War in Iraq (2013–2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_insurgency_in_Iraq_(2017%E2%80%93present)" title="Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present)">ISIL insurgency (2017–present)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Israel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="Israeli–Palestinian conflict">Israeli–Palestinian (1948–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Intifada" title="Second Intifada">Second Intifada (2000–2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_conflict" title="Gaza–Israel conflict">Gaza–Israel (2006–present)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Israel proxy conflict">Iran–Israel (1985–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Iran–Israel conflict during the Syrian civil war">Syrian arena (2012–present)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lebanon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Lebanon_conflict_(1985%E2%80%932000)" title="South Lebanon conflict (1985–2000)">South Lebanon conflict (1985–2000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Lebanon_War" title="2006 Lebanon War">Lebanon War (2006)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Lebanon_conflict" title="2007 Lebanon conflict">Conflict in Northern Lebanon (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Lebanon_conflict" title="2008 Lebanon conflict">Lebanon conflict (2008)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Palestine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="Israeli–Palestinian conflict">Israeli–Palestinian (1948–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Intifada" title="Second Intifada">Second Intifada (2000–2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_conflict" title="Gaza–Israel conflict">Gaza–Israel (2006–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatah%E2%80%93Hamas_conflict" title="Fatah–Hamas conflict">Fatah–Hamas conflict (2006–2008)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Saudi Arabia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict">Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict (1979–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qatif_conflict" title="Qatif conflict">Qatif conflict</a></li> <li>Persian Gulf crisis (2019–2021)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Syria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian Civil War (2011–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spillover_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Spillover of the Syrian Civil War">Regional spillover</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Turkey</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maoist insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DHKP/C_insurgency_in_Turkey" title="DHKP/C insurgency in Turkey">DHKP/C insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict_(1978%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)">Kurdish–Turkish conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93Islamic_State_conflict" title="Turkey–Islamic State conflict">Turkey–ISIL conflict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yemen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(1994)" title="Yemeni civil war (1994)">Civil war (1994)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda_insurgency_in_Yemen" title="Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen">al-Qaeda (1998–2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houthi_insurgency" title="Houthi insurgency">Houthi (2004–2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen_insurgency" title="South Yemen insurgency">South Yemen (2009–2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_crisis" title="Yemeni crisis">Yemeni crisis (2011–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen" title="Houthi takeover in Yemen">Houthi takeover (2014–2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Civil War (2014–present)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inter-continental<br />conflict</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinai_insurgency" title="Sinai insurgency">Sinai insurgency (2011–present)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/War_on_terror" title="War on terror">War on terror</a></li> <li><a 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