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height: 200px; position: fixed; bottom: 10px; left: 50px" alt="Sign up for the upcoming webinar: Elevate Your Analytics with Plotly Dash Enterprise 5.7"> </a> </aside>  <section class="--page-body --tutorial-index --base"> <header class="--welcome"> <div class="--welcome-body">  <div class="--title"> <div class="--body"> <div class="nav-breadcrumb-container"> <div> <div class="breadcrumb-nav"> <a href="/r"> R </a> > <a href="/r/basic-charts">Basic Charts</a> > Bubble Charts </div> </div> <div class="nav-breadcrumb-right"> <div class="--fork"> <a id="forklink" href= "https://github.com/plotly/plotly.r-docs/edit/master/r/2015-07-30-bubble-charts.Rmd" > <div class="icon"> <svg style="width:20px;height:20px" viewbox="0 0 24 24"> <path fill="#000000" d="M2.6,10.59L8.38,4.8L10.07,6.5C9.83,7.35 10.22,8.28 11,8.73V14.27C10.4,14.61 10,15.26 10,16A2,2 0 0,0 12,18A2,2 0 0,0 14,16C14,15.26 13.6,14.61 13,14.27V9.41L15.07,11.5C15,11.65 15,11.82 15,12A2,2 0 0,0 17,14A2,2 0 0,0 19,12A2,2 0 0,0 17,10C16.82,10 16.65,10 16.5,10.07L13.93,7.5C14.19,6.57 13.71,5.55 12.78,5.16C12.35,5 11.9,4.96 11.5,5.07L9.8,3.38L10.59,2.6C11.37,1.81 12.63,1.81 13.41,2.6L21.4,10.59C22.19,11.37 22.19,12.63 21.4,13.41L13.41,21.4C12.63,22.19 11.37,22.19 10.59,21.4L2.6,13.41C1.81,12.63 1.81,11.37 2.6,10.59Z"> </path> </svg> </div> Suggest an edit to this page </a> </div> </div> </div> <h1> Bubble Charts in R </h1> How to make a bubble chart in R. A bubble chart is a scatter plot whose markers have variable color and size.  <details> <summary>New to Plotly?</summary> Plotly is a <a href="/r/is-plotly-free/">free and open-source</a> graphing library for R. We recommend you read our <a href="/r/getting-started/">Getting Started guide</a> for the latest installation or upgrade instructions, then move on to our <a href="/r/plotly-fundamentals/">Plotly Fundamentals tutorials</a> or dive straight in to some <a href="/r/basic-charts/">Basic Charts tutorials</a>. </details> </div> </div> </div> </header>  <section class="tutorial-content"> <h3>Simple Bubble Chart</h3> <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-r" data-lang="r">library(plotly) data <- read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/plotly/datasets/master/school_earnings.csv") fig <- plot_ly(data, x = ~Women, y = ~Men, text = ~School, type = 'scatter', mode = 'markers', marker = list(size = ~Gap, opacity = 0.5)) fig <- fig %>% layout(title = 'Gender Gap in Earnings per University', xaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE), yaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE)) fig </code></pre></div> <div class="plotly html-widget html-fill-item" id="htmlwidget-c1c0ebaafb9ea634cdac" style="width:672px;height:480px;"></div> <script type="application/json" data-for="htmlwidget-c1c0ebaafb9ea634cdac">{"x":{"visdat":{"1586315fabc3":["function () ","plotlyVisDat"]},"cur_data":"1586315fabc3","attrs":{"1586315fabc3":{"x":{},"y":{},"text":{},"mode":"markers","marker":{"size":{},"opacity":0.5},"alpha_stroke":1,"sizes":[10,100],"spans":[1,20],"type":"scatter"}},"layout":{"margin":{"b":40,"l":60,"t":25,"r":10},"title":"Gender Gap in Earnings per University","xaxis":{"domain":[0,1],"automargin":true,"showgrid":false,"title":"Women"},"yaxis":{"domain":[0,1],"automargin":true,"showgrid":false,"title":"Men"},"hovermode":"closest","showlegend":false},"source":"A","config":{"modeBarButtonsToAdd":["hoverclosest","hovercompare"],"showSendToCloud":false},"data":[{"x":[94,96,112,92,90,78,94,76,79,86,93,84,67,73,80,62,72,71,68,64,72],"y":[152,151,165,141,137,118,131,112,114,119,124,114,94,100,107,84,92,88,82,78,81],"text":["MIT","Stanford","Harvard","U.Penn","Princeton","Chicago","Georgetown","Tufts","Yale","Columbia","Duke","Dartmouth","NYU","Notre Dame","Cornell","Michigan","Brown","Berkeley","Emory","UCLA","SoCal"],"mode":"markers","marker":{"color":"rgba(31,119,180,1)","size":[58,55,53,49,47,40,37,36,35,33,31,30,27,27,27,22,20,17,14,14,9],"opacity":0.5,"line":{"color":"rgba(31,119,180,1)"}},"type":"scatter","error_y":{"color":"rgba(31,119,180,1)"},"error_x":{"color":"rgba(31,119,180,1)"},"line":{"color":"rgba(31,119,180,1)"},"xaxis":"x","yaxis":"y","frame":null}],"highlight":{"on":"plotly_click","persistent":false,"dynamic":false,"selectize":false,"opacityDim":0.20000000000000001,"selected":{"opacity":1},"debounce":0},"shinyEvents":["plotly_hover","plotly_click","plotly_selected","plotly_relayout","plotly_brushed","plotly_brushing","plotly_clickannotation","plotly_doubleclick","plotly_deselect","plotly_afterplot","plotly_sunburstclick"],"base_url":"https://plot.ly"},"evals":[],"jsHooks":[]}</script> <h3>Setting Markers Color</h3> <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-r" data-lang="r">library(plotly) data <- read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/plotly/datasets/master/school_earnings.csv") fig <- plot_ly(data, x = ~Women, y = ~Men, text = ~School, type = 'scatter', mode = 'markers', marker = list(size = ~Gap, opacity = 0.5, color = 'rgb(255, 65, 54)')) fig <- fig %>% layout(title = 'Gender Gap in Earnings per University', xaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE), yaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE)) fig </code></pre></div> <div class="plotly html-widget html-fill-item" id="htmlwidget-c0b118e967769a70edaa" style="width:672px;height:480px;"></div> <script type="application/json" data-for="htmlwidget-c0b118e967769a70edaa">{"x":{"visdat":{"158642a66b7":["function () ","plotlyVisDat"]},"cur_data":"158642a66b7","attrs":{"158642a66b7":{"x":{},"y":{},"text":{},"mode":"markers","marker":{"size":{},"opacity":0.5,"color":"rgb(255, 65, 54)"},"alpha_stroke":1,"sizes":[10,100],"spans":[1,20],"type":"scatter"}},"layout":{"margin":{"b":40,"l":60,"t":25,"r":10},"title":"Gender Gap in Earnings per University","xaxis":{"domain":[0,1],"automargin":true,"showgrid":false,"title":"Women"},"yaxis":{"domain":[0,1],"automargin":true,"showgrid":false,"title":"Men"},"hovermode":"closest","showlegend":false},"source":"A","config":{"modeBarButtonsToAdd":["hoverclosest","hovercompare"],"showSendToCloud":false},"data":[{"x":[94,96,112,92,90,78,94,76,79,86,93,84,67,73,80,62,72,71,68,64,72],"y":[152,151,165,141,137,118,131,112,114,119,124,114,94,100,107,84,92,88,82,78,81],"text":["MIT","Stanford","Harvard","U.Penn","Princeton","Chicago","Georgetown","Tufts","Yale","Columbia","Duke","Dartmouth","NYU","Notre Dame","Cornell","Michigan","Brown","Berkeley","Emory","UCLA","SoCal"],"mode":"markers","marker":{"color":"rgb(255, 65, 54)","size":[58,55,53,49,47,40,37,36,35,33,31,30,27,27,27,22,20,17,14,14,9],"opacity":0.5,"line":{"color":"rgba(31,119,180,1)"}},"type":"scatter","error_y":{"color":"rgba(31,119,180,1)"},"error_x":{"color":"rgba(31,119,180,1)"},"line":{"color":"rgba(31,119,180,1)"},"xaxis":"x","yaxis":"y","frame":null}],"highlight":{"on":"plotly_click","persistent":false,"dynamic":false,"selectize":false,"opacityDim":0.20000000000000001,"selected":{"opacity":1},"debounce":0},"shinyEvents":["plotly_hover","plotly_click","plotly_selected","plotly_relayout","plotly_brushed","plotly_brushing","plotly_clickannotation","plotly_doubleclick","plotly_deselect","plotly_afterplot","plotly_sunburstclick"],"base_url":"https://plot.ly"},"evals":[],"jsHooks":[]}</script> <h3>Setting Multiple Colors</h3> <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-r" data-lang="r">library(plotly) data <- read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/plotly/datasets/master/school_earnings.csv") colors <- c('rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(222,45,38,0.8)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)', 'rgba(204,204,204,1)') # Note: The colors will be assigned to each observations based on the order of the observations in the dataframe. fig <- plot_ly(data, x = ~Women, y = ~Men, text = ~School, type = 'scatter', mode = 'markers', marker = list(size = ~Gap, opacity = 0.5, color = colors)) fig <- fig %>% layout(title = 'Gender Gap in Earnings per University', xaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE), yaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE)) fig </code></pre></div> <div class="plotly html-widget html-fill-item" id="htmlwidget-e1306c9293281ece8161" style="width:672px;height:480px;"></div> <script type="application/json" data-for="htmlwidget-e1306c9293281ece8161">{"x":{"visdat":{"1586421e26e7":["function () ","plotlyVisDat"]},"cur_data":"1586421e26e7","attrs":{"1586421e26e7":{"x":{},"y":{},"text":{},"mode":"markers","marker":{"size":{},"opacity":0.5,"color":["rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(222,45,38,0.8)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)","rgba(204,204,204,1)"]},"alpha_stroke":1,"sizes":[10,100],"spans":[1,20],"type":"scatter"}},"layout":{"margin":{"b":40,"l":60,"t":25,"r":10},"title":"Gender Gap in Earnings per University","xaxis":{"domain":[0,1],"automargin":true,"showgrid":false,"title":"Women"},"yaxis":{"domain":[0,1],"automargin":true,"showgrid":false,"title":"Men"},"hovermode":"closest","showlegend":false},"source":"A","config":{"modeBarButtonsToAdd":["hoverclosest","hovercompare"],"showSendToCloud":false},"data":[{"x":[94,96,112,92,90,78,94,76,79,86,93,84,67,73,80,62,72,71,68,64,72],"y":[152,151,165,141,137,118,131,112,114,119,124,114,94,100,107,84,92,88,82,78,81],"text":["MIT","Stanford","Harvard","U.Penn","Princeton","Chicago","Georgetown","Tufts","Yale","Columbia","Duke","Dartmouth","NYU","Notre 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<h3>Mapping a Color Variable (Continuous)</h3> <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-r" data-lang="r">library(plotly) data <- read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/plotly/datasets/master/school_earnings.csv") fig <- plot_ly(data, x = ~Women, y = ~Men, text = ~School, type = 'scatter', mode = 'markers', color = ~Gap, colors = 'Reds', marker = list(size = ~Gap, opacity = 0.5)) fig <- fig %>% layout(title = 'Gender Gap in Earnings per University', xaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE), yaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE)) fig </code></pre></div> <div class="plotly html-widget html-fill-item" id="htmlwidget-205535a72c68eb1e99b8" style="width:672px;height:480px;"></div> <script type="application/json" data-for="htmlwidget-205535a72c68eb1e99b8">{"x":{"visdat":{"15862ea8cd17":["function () 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<h3>Mapping a Color Variable (Categorical)</h3> <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-r" data-lang="r">library(plotly) data <- read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/plotly/datasets/master/school_earnings.csv") data$State <- as.factor(c('Massachusetts', 'California', 'Massachusetts', 'Pennsylvania', 'New Jersey', 'Illinois', 'Washington DC', 'Massachusetts', 'Connecticut', 'New York', 'North Carolina', 'New Hampshire', 'New York', 'Indiana', 'New York', 'Michigan', 'Rhode Island', 'California', 'Georgia', 'California', 'California')) fig <- plot_ly(data, x = ~Women, y = ~Men, text = ~School, type = 'scatter', mode = 'markers', size = ~Gap, color = ~State, colors = 'Paired', marker = list(opacity = 0.5, sizemode = 'diameter')) fig <- fig %>% layout(title = 'Gender Gap in Earnings per University', xaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE), yaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE), showlegend = FALSE) fig </code></pre></div> <div class="plotly html-widget html-fill-item" 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as.factor(c('Massachusetts', 'California', 'Massachusetts', 'Pennsylvania', 'New Jersey', 'Illinois', 'Washington DC', 'Massachusetts', 'Connecticut', 'New York', 'North Carolina', 'New Hampshire', 'New York', 'Indiana', 'New York', 'Michigan', 'Rhode Island', 'California', 'Georgia', 'California', 'California')) fig <- plot_ly(data, x = ~Women, y = ~Men, text = ~School, type = 'scatter', mode = 'markers', size = ~Gap, color = ~State, colors = 'Paired', #Choosing the range of the bubbles' sizes: sizes = c(10, 50), marker = list(opacity = 0.5, sizemode = 'diameter')) fig <- fig %>% layout(title = 'Gender Gap in Earnings per University', xaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE), yaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE), showlegend = FALSE) fig </code></pre></div> <div class="plotly html-widget html-fill-item" id="htmlwidget-9104b48042bcfe6ef1e7" style="width:672px;height:480px;"></div> <script type="application/json" data-for="htmlwidget-9104b48042bcfe6ef1e7">{"x":{"visdat":{"1586363e2995":["function () 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We recommend using the following formula to calculate a sizeref value: sizeref = 2. * max(array of size values) / (desired maximum marker size ** 2) Note that setting sizeref to a value greater than 1 decreases the rendered marker sizes, while setting sizeref to less than 1 increases the rendered marker sizes. See <a href="https://plotly.com/python/reference/#scatter-marker-sizeref">https://plotly.com/python/reference/#scatter-marker-sizeref</a> for more information. Additionally, we recommend setting the sizemode attribute: <a href="https://plotly.com/python/reference/#scatter-marker-sizemode">https://plotly.com/python/reference/#scatter-marker-sizemode</a> to area. <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-r" data-lang="r">library(plotly) data <- read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/plotly/datasets/master/school_earnings.csv") data$State <- as.factor(c('Massachusetts', 'California', 'Massachusetts', 'Pennsylvania', 'New Jersey', 'Illinois', 'Washington DC', 'Massachusetts', 'Connecticut', 'New York', 'North Carolina', 'New Hampshire', 'New York', 'Indiana', 'New York', 'Michigan', 'Rhode Island', 'California', 'Georgia', 'California', 'California')) #Use the ideal sizeref value desired_maximum_marker_size <- 40 your_list_of_size_values <- data['Gap'] sizeref <- 2.0 * max(your_list_of_size_values) / (desired_maximum_marker_size**2) fig <- plot_ly(data, x = ~Women, y = ~Men, text = ~School, type = 'scatter', mode = 'markers', color = ~State, colors = 'Paired', sizes = c(10, 50), marker = list(size = your_list_of_size_values, opacity = 0.5, sizemode = 'area', sizeref = sizeref)) fig <- fig %>% layout(title = 'Gender Gap in Earnings per University', xaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE), yaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE), showlegend = FALSE) fig </code></pre></div> <div class="plotly html-widget html-fill-item" id="htmlwidget-e404973664acb0e9570b" style="width:672px;height:480px;"></div> <script type="application/json" data-for="htmlwidget-e404973664acb0e9570b">{"x":{"visdat":{"1586735e61d":["function () 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'Connecticut', 'New York', 'North Carolina', 'New Hampshire', 'New York', 'Indiana', 'New York', 'Michigan', 'Rhode Island', 'California', 'Georgia', 'California', 'California')) fig <- plot_ly(data, x = ~Women, y = ~Men, text = ~School, type = 'scatter', mode = 'markers', size = ~Gap, color = ~State, colors = 'Paired', #Choosing the range of the bubbles' sizes: sizes = c(10, 50), marker = list(opacity = 0.5, sizemode = 'diameter')) fig <- fig %>% layout(title = 'Gender Gap in Earnings per University', xaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE), yaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE), showlegend = FALSE) fig </code></pre></div> <div class="plotly html-widget html-fill-item" id="htmlwidget-95a8c8862b3ec0478713" style="width:672px;height:480px;"></div> <script type="application/json" data-for="htmlwidget-95a8c8862b3ec0478713">{"x":{"visdat":{"15863cafd242":["function () 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DC","textfont":{"color":"rgba(177,89,40,1)","size":32.857142857142854},"error_y":{"color":"rgba(177,89,40,1)","width":32.857142857142854},"error_x":{"color":"rgba(177,89,40,1)","width":32.857142857142854},"line":{"color":"rgba(177,89,40,1)","width":32.857142857142854},"xaxis":"x","yaxis":"y","frame":null}],"highlight":{"on":"plotly_click","persistent":false,"dynamic":false,"selectize":false,"opacityDim":0.20000000000000001,"selected":{"opacity":1},"debounce":0},"shinyEvents":["plotly_hover","plotly_click","plotly_selected","plotly_relayout","plotly_brushed","plotly_brushing","plotly_clickannotation","plotly_doubleclick","plotly_deselect","plotly_afterplot","plotly_sunburstclick"],"base_url":"https://plot.ly"},"evals":[],"jsHooks":[]}</script> <h3>Hover Text with Bubble Charts</h3> <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-r" data-lang="r">library(plotly) data <- read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/plotly/datasets/master/school_earnings.csv") data$State <- as.factor(c('Massachusetts', 'California', 'Massachusetts', 'Pennsylvania', 'New Jersey', 'Illinois', 'Washington DC', 'Massachusetts', 'Connecticut', 'New York', 'North Carolina', 'New Hampshire', 'New York', 'Indiana', 'New York', 'Michigan', 'Rhode Island', 'California', 'Georgia', 'California', 'California')) fig <- plot_ly(data, x = ~Women, y = ~Men, type = 'scatter', mode = 'markers', size = ~Gap, color = ~State, colors = 'Paired', sizes = c(10, 50), marker = list(opacity = 0.5, sizemode = 'diameter'), hoverinfo = 'text', text = ~paste('School:', School, ' Gender Gap:', Gap)) fig <- fig %>% layout(title = 'Gender Gap in Earnings per University', xaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE), yaxis = list(showgrid = FALSE), showlegend = FALSE) fig </code></pre></div> <div class="plotly html-widget html-fill-item" id="htmlwidget-8b58048cd781b965385a" style="width:672px;height:480px;"></div> <script type="application/json" 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DC","textfont":{"color":"rgba(177,89,40,1)","size":32.857142857142854},"error_y":{"color":"rgba(177,89,40,1)","width":32.857142857142854},"error_x":{"color":"rgba(177,89,40,1)","width":32.857142857142854},"line":{"color":"rgba(177,89,40,1)","width":32.857142857142854},"xaxis":"x","yaxis":"y","frame":null}],"highlight":{"on":"plotly_click","persistent":false,"dynamic":false,"selectize":false,"opacityDim":0.20000000000000001,"selected":{"opacity":1},"debounce":0},"shinyEvents":["plotly_hover","plotly_click","plotly_selected","plotly_relayout","plotly_brushed","plotly_brushing","plotly_clickannotation","plotly_doubleclick","plotly_deselect","plotly_afterplot","plotly_sunburstclick"],"base_url":"https://plot.ly"},"evals":[],"jsHooks":[]}</script> <h3>Styled Buble Chart</h3> <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-r" data-lang="r">library(plotly) data <- read.csv("https://raw.githubusercontent.com/plotly/datasets/master/gapminderDataFiveYear.csv") data_2007 <- data[which(data$year == 2007),] data_2007 <- data_2007[order(data_2007$continent, data_2007$country),] slope <- 2.666051223553066e-05 data_2007$size <- sqrt(data_2007$pop * slope) colors <- c('#4AC6B7', '#1972A4', '#965F8A', '#FF7070', '#C61951') fig <- plot_ly(data_2007, x = ~gdpPercap, y = ~lifeExp, color = ~continent, size = ~size, colors = colors, type = 'scatter', mode = 'markers', sizes = c(min(data_2007$size), max(data_2007$size)), marker = list(symbol = 'circle', sizemode = 'diameter', line = list(width = 2, color = '#FFFFFF')), text = ~paste('Country:', country, ' Life Expectancy:', lifeExp, ' GDP:', gdpPercap, ' Pop.:', pop)) fig <- fig %>% layout(title = 'Life Expectancy v. Per Capita GDP, 2007', xaxis = list(title = 'GDP per capita (2000 dollars)', gridcolor = 'rgb(255, 255, 255)', range = c(2.003297660701705, 5.191505530708712), type = 'log', zerolinewidth = 1, ticklen = 5, gridwidth = 2), yaxis = list(title = 'Life Expectancy (years)', gridcolor = 'rgb(255, 255, 255)', range = c(36.12621671352166, 91.72921793264332), zerolinewidth = 1, ticklen = 5, gridwith = 2), paper_bgcolor = 'rgb(243, 243, 243)', plot_bgcolor = 'rgb(243, 243, 243)') fig </code></pre></div> <div class="plotly html-widget html-fill-item" id="htmlwidget-2c7a1f7edd048fc25f2c" style="width:672px;height:480px;"></div> <script type="application/json" data-for="htmlwidget-2c7a1f7edd048fc25f2c">{"x":{"visdat":{"15867bd5919":["function () ","plotlyVisDat"]},"cur_data":"15867bd5919","attrs":{"15867bd5919":{"x":{},"y":{},"mode":"markers","marker":{"symbol":"circle","sizemode":"diameter","line":{"width":2,"color":"#FFFFFF"}},"text":{},"color":{},"size":{},"colors":["#4AC6B7","#1972A4","#965F8A","#FF7070","#C61951"],"alpha_stroke":1,"sizes":[2.3067029222366227,187.50137817012293],"spans":[1,20],"type":"scatter"}},"layout":{"margin":{"b":40,"l":60,"t":25,"r":10},"title":"Life Expectancy v. 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Life Expectancy: 78.623 GDP: 23348.13973 Pop.: 49044790","Country: Kuwait Life Expectancy: 77.588 GDP: 47306.98978 Pop.: 2505559","Country: Lebanon Life Expectancy: 71.993 GDP: 10461.05868 Pop.: 3921278","Country: Malaysia Life Expectancy: 74.241 GDP: 12451.6558 Pop.: 24821286","Country: Mongolia Life Expectancy: 66.803 GDP: 3095.772271 Pop.: 2874127","Country: Myanmar Life Expectancy: 62.069 GDP: 944 Pop.: 47761980","Country: Nepal Life Expectancy: 63.785 GDP: 1091.359778 Pop.: 28901790","Country: Oman Life Expectancy: 75.64 GDP: 22316.19287 Pop.: 3204897","Country: Pakistan Life Expectancy: 65.483 GDP: 2605.94758 Pop.: 169270617","Country: Philippines Life Expectancy: 71.688 GDP: 3190.481016 Pop.: 91077287","Country: Saudi Arabia Life Expectancy: 72.777 GDP: 21654.83194 Pop.: 27601038","Country: Singapore Life Expectancy: 79.972 GDP: 47143.17964 Pop.: 4553009","Country: Sri Lanka Life Expectancy: 72.396 GDP: 3970.095407 Pop.: 20378239","Country: Syria Life Expectancy: 74.143 GDP: 4184.548089 Pop.: 19314747","Country: Taiwan Life Expectancy: 78.4 GDP: 28718.27684 Pop.: 23174294","Country: Thailand Life Expectancy: 70.616 GDP: 7458.396327 Pop.: 65068149","Country: Vietnam Life Expectancy: 74.249 GDP: 2441.576404 Pop.: 85262356","Country: West Bank and Gaza Life Expectancy: 73.422 GDP: 3025.349798 Pop.: 4018332","Country: Yemen, Rep. 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Expectancy: 81.757 GDP: 36180.78919 Pop.: 301931","Country: Ireland Life Expectancy: 78.885 GDP: 40675.99635 Pop.: 4109086","Country: Italy Life Expectancy: 80.546 GDP: 28569.7197 Pop.: 58147733","Country: Montenegro Life Expectancy: 74.543 GDP: 9253.896111 Pop.: 684736","Country: Netherlands Life Expectancy: 79.762 GDP: 36797.93332 Pop.: 16570613","Country: Norway Life Expectancy: 80.196 GDP: 49357.19017 Pop.: 4627926","Country: Poland Life Expectancy: 75.563 GDP: 15389.92468 Pop.: 38518241","Country: Portugal Life Expectancy: 78.098 GDP: 20509.64777 Pop.: 10642836","Country: Romania Life Expectancy: 72.476 GDP: 10808.47561 Pop.: 22276056","Country: Serbia Life Expectancy: 74.002 GDP: 9786.534714 Pop.: 10150265","Country: Slovak Republic Life Expectancy: 74.663 GDP: 18678.31435 Pop.: 5447502","Country: Slovenia Life Expectancy: 77.926 GDP: 25768.25759 Pop.: 2009245","Country: Spain Life Expectancy: 80.941 GDP: 28821.0637 Pop.: 40448191","Country: Sweden Life Expectancy: 80.884 GDP: 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Australia Life Expectancy: 81.235 GDP: 34435.36744 Pop.: 20434176","Country: New Zealand Life Expectancy: 80.204 GDP: 25185.00911 Pop.: 4115771"],"type":"scatter","name":"Oceania","textfont":{"color":"rgba(198,25,81,1)","size":[23.34064264905718,10.475140242695668]},"error_y":{"color":"rgba(198,25,81,1)","width":[]},"error_x":{"color":"rgba(198,25,81,1)","width":[]},"line":{"color":"rgba(198,25,81,1)"},"xaxis":"x","yaxis":"y","frame":null}],"highlight":{"on":"plotly_click","persistent":false,"dynamic":false,"selectize":false,"opacityDim":0.20000000000000001,"selected":{"opacity":1},"debounce":0},"shinyEvents":["plotly_hover","plotly_click","plotly_selected","plotly_relayout","plotly_brushed","plotly_brushing","plotly_clickannotation","plotly_doubleclick","plotly_deselect","plotly_afterplot","plotly_sunburstclick"],"base_url":"https://plot.ly"},"evals":[],"jsHooks":[]}</script> <h1>Reference</h1> See <a href="https://plotly.com/r/reference/#scatter">https://plotly.com/r/reference/#scatter</a> for more information and chart attribute options! <h3>What About Dash?</h3> <a href="https://dashr.plot.ly/">Dash for R</a> is an open-source framework for building analytical applications, with no Javascript required, and it is tightly integrated with the Plotly graphing library. Learn about how to install Dash for R at https://dashr.plot.ly/installation. Everywhere in this page that you see <code>fig</code>, you can display the same figure in a Dash for R application by passing it to the <code>figure</code> argument of the <a href="https://dashr.plot.ly/dash-core-components/graph"><code>Graph</code> component</a> from the built-in <code>dashCoreComponents</code> package like this: <div class="highlight"><pre><code class="language-r" data-lang="r">library(plotly) fig <- plot_ly() # fig <- fig %>% add_trace( ... ) # fig <- fig %>% layout( ... ) library(dash) library(dashCoreComponents) library(dashHtmlComponents) app <- Dash$new() app$layout( htmlDiv( list( dccGraph(figure=fig) ) ) ) app$run_server(debug=TRUE, dev_tools_hot_reload=FALSE) </code></pre></div> </section>  </section> </div> </main> <script> var array = []; $('.tutorial-content :header:not(h6)').each(function (i, e) { var item = $(e); var itemText = item.text(); var hash = itemText.replace(/[^a-z0-9\s]/gi, '').replace(/[_\s]/g, '-').replace(/^-+|-+$/g, '').toLowerCase(); item.attr("id", hash); array.push({text: itemText, tag: item.prop("tagName"), hash: hash}); }); $("#nav_header_insertion_list").html(array.map(function(entry) { var text = entry.text.replace(/[^a-z0-9\s\.:\-\?\!)]/gi, ''); if(entry.tag.toLowerCase() < "h4"){ return('<li class="--sidebar-item"><a href="#' + entry.hash + '">' + text + '</a></li>'); } else { return('<li class="--sidebar-item"><a href="#' + entry.hash + '">' + text + '</a></li>'); } }).join("")); //$(".tutorial-content :header:not(h6)").append( "\<div class=\"icon copy\" data-tooltip=\"Click to copy direct link\"><svg style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"><path fill=\"#000000\" d=\"M10.59,13.41C11,13.8 11,14.44 10.59,14.83C10.2,15.22 9.56,15.22 9.17,14.83C7.22,12.88 7.22,9.71 9.17,7.76V7.76L12.71,4.22C14.66,2.27 17.83,2.27 19.78,4.22C21.73,6.17 21.73,9.34 19.78,11.29L18.29,12.78C18.3,11.96 18.17,11.14 17.89,10.36L18.36,9.88C19.54,8.71 19.54,6.81 18.36,5.64C17.19,4.46 15.29,4.46 14.12,5.64L10.59,9.17C9.41,10.34 9.41,12.24 10.59,13.41M13.41,9.17C13.8,8.78 14.44,8.78 14.83,9.17C16.78,11.12 16.78,14.29 14.83,16.24V16.24L11.29,19.78C9.34,21.73 6.17,21.73 4.22,19.78C2.27,17.83 2.27,14.66 4.22,12.71L5.71,11.22C5.7,12.04 5.83,12.86 6.11,13.65L5.64,14.12C4.46,15.29 4.46,17.19 5.64,18.36C6.81,19.54 8.71,19.54 9.88,18.36L13.41,14.83C14.59,13.66 14.59,11.76 13.41,10.59C13,10.2 13,9.56 13.41,9.17Z\"/> </svg> </div>"); </script> <footer class="--footer-main"> <section class="--footer-top"> <div class="--wrap"> <ul class="--footer-body"> <li class="--footer-column"> <h6 style="color:#119dff" class="--footer-heading">JOIN OUR MAILING LIST</h6>			 <ul> 				 <li> Sign up to stay in the loop with all things Plotly — from Dash Club to product updates, webinars, and more! <a href="https://go.plot.ly/subscription" class="subscribe-button" target="_blank"> Subscribe </a> </li> </ul> </li> 		 <li class="--footer-column"> <h6 style="color:#e763fa" class="--footer-heading">Products</h6>			 <ul> <li><a href="https://plotly.com/dash/" target="_self">Dash</a></li> 				 				 <li><a href="https://plotly.com/consulting-and-oem/" target="_self">Consulting and Training</a></li> </ul> </li> 		 <li class="--footer-column"> <h6 style="color:#636efa" class="--footer-heading">Pricing</h6>			 <ul> <li><a href="https://plotly.com/get-pricing/" target="_self">Enterprise Pricing</a></li> 				 </ul> </li> 		 <li class="--footer-column"> <h6 style="color:#00cc96" class="--footer-heading">About Us</h6>			 <ul> <li><a href="https://plotly.com/careers" target="_self">Careers</a></li> 				 <li><a href="https://plotly.com/resources/" target="_self">Resources</a></li> 				 <li><a href="https://medium.com/@plotlygraphs" target="_self">Blog</a></li> 				 </ul> </li> 		 <li class="--footer-column"> <h6 style="color:#EF553B" class="--footer-heading">Support</h6>			 <ul> <li><a href="https://community.plot.ly/" target="_self">Community Support</a></li> 				 <li><a href="https://plotly.com/graphing-libraries" target="_self">Documentation</a></li> 				 </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </section> <section class="--footer-meta"> <div class="--wrap"> <div class="left"> <article class="--copyright">Copyright © 2025 Plotly. 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