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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Antal_talare_och_status" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antal_talare_och_status"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Antal talare och status</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antal_talare_och_status-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_standardarabiska_och_de_arabiska_dialekterna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_standardarabiska_och_de_arabiska_dialekterna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Modern standardarabiska och de arabiska dialekterna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_standardarabiska_och_de_arabiska_dialekterna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fonologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fonologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Fonologi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fonologi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Fonologi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Fonologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vokaler" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vokaler"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Vokaler</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vokaler-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Konsonanter[19]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konsonanter[19]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Konsonanter<sup><span>[</span>19<span>]</span></sup></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Konsonanter[19]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stavelsestruktur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stavelsestruktur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Stavelsestruktur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stavelsestruktur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Betoning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Betoning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Betoning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Betoning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dialektala_variationer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dialektala_variationer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Dialektala variationer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dialektala_variationer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Grammatik" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Grammatik"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Grammatik</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Grammatik-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Grammatik</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Grammatik-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Historia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Historia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Substantiv" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Substantiv"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Substantiv</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Substantiv-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tillstånd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tillstånd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.1</span> <span>Tillstånd</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tillstånd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Artikel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Artikel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.2</span> <span>Artikel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Artikel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Böjning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Böjning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.3</span> <span>Böjning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Böjning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2.4</span> <span>Genus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verb" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verb"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Verb</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verb-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Språkträd" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Språkträd"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Språkträd</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Språkträd-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arabiska_lånord" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arabiska_lånord"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Arabiska lånord</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arabiska_lånord-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_även" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_även"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Se även</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_även-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Referenser</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Växla underavsnittet Referenser</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Noter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Noter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Noter</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Noter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vidare_läsning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vidare_läsning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Vidare läsning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vidare_läsning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externa_länkar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externa_länkar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Externa länkar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externa_länkar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Innehållsförteckning" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Arabiska</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 251 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-251" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">251 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Arab" title="Basa Arab – acehnesiska" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Basa Arab" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="acehnesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8C%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B7%D1%8D" title="Хьэрыпыбзэ – kabardinska" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Хьэрыпыбзэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="kabardinska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B7%D1%8D" title="Арапыбзэ – adygeiska" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Арапыбзэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="adygeiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabies" title="Arabies – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Arabies" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabische_Sprache" title="Arabische Sprache – schweizertyska" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Arabische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="schweizertyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%93%E1%88%A8%E1%89%A5%E1%8A%9B" title="ዓረብኛ – amhariska" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ዓረብኛ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabiakiel%C3%A2" title="Arabiakielâ – enaresamiska" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Arabiakielâ" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="enaresamiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80" title="अरबी – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="अरबी" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabisc_spr%C7%A3c" title="Arabisc sprǣc – fornengelska" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Arabisc sprǣc" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="fornengelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Араб бызшәа – abchaziska" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Араб бызшәа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abchaziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اللغة العربية – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة العربية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_arabe" title="Idioma arabe – aragonesiska" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Idioma arabe" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A0%DC%AB%DC%A2%DC%90_%DC%A5%DC%AA%DC%92%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܠܫܢܐ ܥܪܒܝܐ – arameiska" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܠܫܢܐ ܥܪܒܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="arameiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A7%D5%B6" title="Արաբերէն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Արաբերէն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabo" title="Arabo – frankoprovensalska" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Arabo" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="frankoprovensalska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="আৰবী ভাষা – assamesiska" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="আৰবী ভাষা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="assamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rabe" title="Árabe – asturiska" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Árabe" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अरबी भाषा – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="अरबी भाषा" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arave%C3%B1e%27%E1%BA%BD" title="Araveñe'ẽ – guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Araveñe'ẽ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D3%80" title="ГӀараб мацӀ – avariska" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="ГӀараб мацӀ" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fr%C9%99b_dili" title="Ərəb dili – azerbajdzjanska" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ərəb dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdzjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="عرب دیلی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="عرب دیلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Arab" title="Basa Arab – balinesiska" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Basa Arab" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="আরবি ভাষা – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আরবি ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Arab" title="Basa Arab – banjariska" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Basa Arab" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="banjariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/A-la-pek-g%C3%AD" title="A-la-pek-gí – min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="A-la-pek-gí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Arab" title="Basa Arab – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Basa Arab" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bra artikel"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D3%99%D1%80%D3%99%D0%BF_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Ғәрәп теле – basjkiriska" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ғәрәп теле" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="basjkiriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Арабская мова – belarusiska" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Арабская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Арабская мова – belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Арабская мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusiska (tarasjkevitsa)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अरबी भाषा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="अरबी भाषा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tataramon_na_Arabe" title="Tataramon na Arabe – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tataramon na Arabe" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Арабски език – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Арабски език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabische_Sproch" title="Arabische Sproch – bayerska" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Arabische Sproch" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bayerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BD%96%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%90%E0%BD%91%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨ་རབ་སྐད། – tibetanska" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨ་རབ་སྐད།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arapski_jezik" title="Arapski jezik – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Arapski jezik" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabeg" title="Arabeg – bretonska" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Arabeg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Араб хэлэн – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Араб хэлэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80rab" title="Àrab – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Àrab" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8" title="Арап чĕлхи – tjuvasjiska" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Арап чĕлхи" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tjuvasjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inarabigo" title="Inarabigo – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Inarabigo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab%C5%A1tina" title="Arabština – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Arabština" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiarabu" title="Chiarabu – nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Chiarabu" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiarabhu" title="Chiarabhu – shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Chiarabhu" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_%C3%A0raba" title="Lingua àraba – korsikanska" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Lingua àraba" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabeg" title="Arabeg – walesiska" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Arabeg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="walesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabisk_(sprog)" title="Arabisk (sprog) – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Arabisk (sprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="لعربية – marockansk arabiska" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="لعربية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="marockansk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%A1bagiella" title="Arábagiella – nordsamiska" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Arábagiella" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="nordsamiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabische_Sprache" title="Arabische Sprache – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Arabische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%A2%DE%A6%DE%83%DE%A6%DE%84%DE%A8" title="ޢަރަބި – divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޢަރަބި" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81s%C3%A1%C3%AD_Bizaad" title="Ásáí Bizaad – navaho" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Ásáí Bizaad" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="navaho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabska_r%C4%9Bc" title="Arabska rěc – lågsorbiska" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Arabska rěc" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="lågsorbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araabia_keel" title="Araabia keel – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Araabia keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Αραβική γλώσσα – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αραβική γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Areb" title="Areb – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Areb" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Arabic" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Арабонь кель – erjya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Арабонь кель" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erjya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_%C3%A1rabe" title="Idioma árabe – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma árabe" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araba_lingvo" title="Araba lingvo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Araba lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabi" title="Arabi – extremaduriska" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Arabi" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremaduriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabiera" title="Arabiera – baskiska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Arabiera" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="زبان عربی – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان عربی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbii_bhasa" title="Arbii bhasa – Fiji-hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Arbii bhasa" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji-hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabiskt_m%C3%A1l" title="Arabiskt mál – färöiska" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Arabiskt mál" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="färöiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabe" title="Arabe – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Arabe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabysk" title="Arabysk – västfrisiska" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Arabysk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="västfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Araibis" title="An Araibis – iriska" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Araibis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabish" title="Arabish – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Arabish" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_dili" title="Arab dili – gagauziska" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Arab dili" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="gagauziska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabais" title="Arabais – skotsk gaeliska" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Arabais" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk gaeliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_%C3%A1rabe" title="Lingua árabe – galiciska" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua árabe" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Ӏарбий мотт – ingusjiska" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Ӏарбий мотт" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ingusjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%AA%9E" title="阿拉伯語 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="阿拉伯語" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%80_%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BE" title="અરબી ભાષા – gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="અરબી ભાષા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B1%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%BA%F0%90%8C%B0_%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B6%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰 – gotiska" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌰𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌹𐍃𐌺𐌰 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="gotiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82-l%C3%A2-pak-ng%C3%AE" title="Â-lâ-pak-ngî – hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Â-lâ-pak-ngî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD" title="Арабмудин келн – kalmuckiska" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Арабмудин келн" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmuckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%9E%8D%EC%96%B4" title="아랍어 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아랍어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larabci" title="Larabci – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Larabci" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BB%C5%8Clelo_%CA%BBAlapia" title="ʻŌlelo ʻAlapia – hawaiiska" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="ʻŌlelo ʻAlapia" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="hawaiiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Արաբերեն – armeniska" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արաբերեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अरबी भाषा – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अरबी भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Arabšćina – högsorbiska" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Arabšćina" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="högsorbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arapski_jezik" title="Arapski jezik – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Arapski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Bahasa Arab" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabiana_linguo" title="Arabiana linguo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Arabiana linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic – igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Arabic" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagsasao_nga_Arabiko" title="Pagsasao nga Arabiko – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Pagsasao nga Arabiko" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Arab" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_arabe" title="Lingua arabe – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Lingua arabe" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%90%8A%E1%95%8B%E1%95%95" title="ᐊᕋᕕ – inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᐊᕋᕕ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arapiatun_uqautchiq" title="Arapiatun uqautchiq – inupiak" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Arapiatun uqautchiq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="inupiak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Iñupiatun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B3_%C3%A6%D0%B2%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Араббаг æвзаг – ossetiska" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Араббаг æвзаг" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossetiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab%C3%ADska" title="Arabíska – isländska" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Arabíska" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="isländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_araba" title="Lingua araba – italienska" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua araba" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italienska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA" title="ערבית – hebreiska" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ערבית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Arab" title="Basa Arab – javanesiska" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Basa Arab" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab%C9%A9%C9%A9_k%CA%8An%CA%8A%C5%8B" title="Arabɩɩ kʊnʊŋ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Arabɩɩ kʊnʊŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%80_%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%86" title="ಅರಬ್ಬೀ ಭಾಷೆ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅರಬ್ಬೀ ಭಾಷೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Араб тил – karachay-balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Араб тил" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karachay-balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="არაბული ენა – georgiska" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="არაბული ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%8E%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D9%8E%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="عَربی زَبان – kashmiriska" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="عَربی زَبان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kashmiriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Араб тілі – kazakiska" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Араб тілі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabek" title="Arabek – korniska" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Arabek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="korniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icyarabu" title="Icyarabu – kinjarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Icyarabu" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="kinjarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiarabu" title="Kiarabu – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kiarabu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Араб кыв – kome" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Араб кыв" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="kome" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kilabu" title="Kilabu – kikongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Kilabu" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="kikongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab" title="Arab – haitiska" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Arab" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab" title="Arab – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Arab" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_ereb%C3%AE" title="Zimanê erebî – kurdiska" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanê erebî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingaz_arab" title="Lingaz arab – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Lingaz arab" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_ar%C3%A1biga" title="Lingua arábiga – ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Lingua arábiga" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Аьраб маз – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Аьраб маз" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A3%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%9A" title="ພາສາອາຣັບ – laotiska" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ພາສາອາຣັບ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laotiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Arabica" title="Lingua Arabica – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Arabica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C4%81bu_valoda" title="Arābu valoda – lettiska" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Arābu valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabesch" title="Arabesch – luxemburgiska" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Arabesch" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D1%87%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Араб чӀал – lezghien" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Араб чӀал" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="lezghien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab%C5%B3_kalba" title="Arabų kalba – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Arabų kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_%C3%A0raba" title="Lengua àraba – liguriska" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Lengua àraba" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabisch" title="Arabisch – limburgiska" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Arabisch" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liarabi" title="Liarabi – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Liarabi" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabi_(lingua)" title="Arabi (lingua) – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Arabi (lingua)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aruabien_kieli" title="Aruabien kieli – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Aruabien kieli" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/rabybau" title="rabybau – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="rabybau" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_araba" title="Lengua araba – lombardiska" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Lengua araba" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_nyelv" title="Arab nyelv – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Arab nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bh%C3%A2sa_Arab" title="Bhâsa Arab – maduresiska" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Bhâsa Arab" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="maduresiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अरबी भाषा – maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="अरबी भाषा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Арапски јазик – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Арапски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_arabo" title="Fiteny arabo – malagassiska" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny arabo" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="അറബി ഭാഷ – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അറബി ഭാഷ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingwa_G%C4%A7arbija" title="Lingwa Għarbija – maltesiska" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Lingwa Għarbija" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reo_%C4%80rapi" title="Reo Ārapi – maori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Reo Ārapi" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अरबी भाषा – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अरबी भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="არაბული ნინა – mingrelianska" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="არაბული ნინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%87_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%89" title="لغه عربى – egyptisk arabiska" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لغه عربى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="عربی – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="عربی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="utmärkt artikel"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Arab" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%95%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%9B_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ – manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯑꯔꯥꯕꯤꯛ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahaso_Arab" title="Bahaso Arab – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bahaso Arab" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%80-l%C3%A1-b%C3%A1ik-ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Ā-lá-báik-ngṳ̄ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ā-lá-báik-ngṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BA%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Арабонь кяль – moksja" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Арабонь кяль" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Араб хэл – mongoliska" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Араб хэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongoliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%85%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8" title="အာရပ်ဘာသာစကား – burmesiska" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အာရပ်ဘာသာစကား" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabisch" title="Arabisch – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Arabisch" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabies" title="Arabies – lågsaxiska" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Arabies" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="lågsaxiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अरबी भाषा – nepalesiska" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="अरबी भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अरबी भाषा – newariska" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="अरबी भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A9%E3%83%93%E3%82%A2%E8%AA%9E" title="アラビア語 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アラビア語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" title="Ӏаьрбийн мотт – tjetjenska" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ӏаьрбийн мотт" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="tjetjenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araabisk_spriak" title="Araabisk spriak – nordfrisiska" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Araabisk spriak" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nordfrisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Arabisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabisk" title="Arabisk – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Arabisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabe" title="Arabe – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Arabe" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabum" title="Arabum – novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Arabum" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabi" title="Arabi – occitanska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Arabi" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afaan_Arabaa" title="Afaan Arabaa – oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Afaan Arabaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_tili" title="Arab tili – uzbekiska" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Arab tili" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE" title="ਅਰਬੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਅਰਬੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="عربی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="عربی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81rabe" title="Árabe – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Árabe" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="عربي ژبه – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="عربي ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabik_languij" title="Arabik languij – jamaikansk engelsk kreol" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Arabik languij" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="jamaikansk engelsk kreol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Араб кыв – komi-permjakiska" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Араб кыв" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="komi-permjakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9F%89%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%8B" title="ភាសាអារ៉ាប់ – kambodjanska" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ភាសាអារ៉ាប់" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="kambodjanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabe" title="Arabe – pikardiska" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Arabe" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="pikardiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_ar%C3%A0bica" title="Lenga aràbica – piemontesiska" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga aràbica" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemontesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araabsche_Spraak" title="Araabsche Spraak – lågtyska" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Araabsche Spraak" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lågtyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_arabski" title="Język arabski – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język arabski" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_%C3%A1rabe" title="Língua árabe – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua árabe" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_tili" title="Arab tili – karakalpakiska" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Arab tili" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="karakalpakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arap_tili" title="Arap tili – krimtatariska" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Arap tili" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="krimtatariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabische_Sprooch" title="Arabische Sprooch – kölniska" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Arabische Sprooch" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kölniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_arab%C4%83" title="Limba arabă – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba arabă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arapi_simi" title="Arapi simi – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Arapi simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Арабскый язык – rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Арабскый язык" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Арабский язык – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Арабский язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Арааб тыла – jakutiska" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Арааб тыла" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/u_kamu_nu_Alapo" title="u kamu nu Alapo – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="u kamu nu Alapo" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="अरबीभाषा – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="अरबीभाषा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱟᱨᱚᱵᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="عربی زبان – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="عربی زبان" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_%C3%A0raba" title="Limba àraba – sardinska" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Limba àraba" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardinska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic – skotska" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Arabic" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Searabia" title="Searabia – sydsotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Searabia" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="sydsotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Searabia" title="Searabia – nordsotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Searabia" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="nordsotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_arabe" title="Gjuha arabe – albanska" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha arabe" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_%C3%A0rabba" title="Lingua àrabba – sicilianska" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lingua àrabba" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="අරාබි භාෂාව – singalesiska" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අරාබි භාෂාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_language" title="Arabic language – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Arabic language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D9%BB%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" title="عربي ٻولي – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="عربي ٻولي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab%C4%8Dina" title="Arabčina – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Arabčina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Arabščina – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Arabščina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%8A_%D1%A9%EA%99%81%EA%99%91%D0%BA%D1%8A" title="Аравьскъ ѩꙁꙑкъ – kyrkslaviska" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Аравьскъ ѩꙁꙑкъ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="kyrkslaviska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabsk%C5%8F_godka" title="Arabskŏ godka – silesiska" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Arabskŏ godka" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carabi" title="Carabi – somaliska" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Carabi" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B9%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%D8%A8%DB%8C" title="زمانی عەرەبی – centralkurdiska" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانی عەرەبی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="centralkurdiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Арапски језик – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Арапски језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arapski_jezik" title="Arapski jezik – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Arapski jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Arab" title="Basa Arab – sundanesiska" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Basa Arab" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabian_kieli" title="Arabian kieli – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Arabian kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikang_Arabe" title="Wikang Arabe – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikang Arabe" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="அரபு மொழி – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அரபு மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutlayt_Ta%C9%9B%E1%B9%9Babt" title="Tutlayt Taɛṛabt – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tutlayt Taɛṛabt" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutlayt_ta%C9%9Brabt" title="Tutlayt taɛrabt – kabyliska" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tutlayt taɛrabt" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D3%99%D0%BF_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Гарәп теле – tatariska" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гарәп теле" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%BD%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%9E%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%A2%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%9B%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89" title="ၽႃႇသႃႇဢႃႇရပ်ႉ – shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ၽႃႇသႃႇဢႃႇရပ်ႉ" data-language-autonym="တႆး" data-language-local-name="shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>တႆး</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B7" title="అరబ్బీ భాష – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అరబ్బీ భాష" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A" title="ภาษาอาหรับ – thailändska" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาอาหรับ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailändska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D3%A3" title="Забони арабӣ – tadzjikiska" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забони арабӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadzjikiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A0%E1%8E%B8%E1%8E%A0%E1%8E%B3%E1%8F%88%E1%8F%AF_%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%AC%E1%8F%82%E1%8E%AF%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%97" title="ᎠᎸᎠᎳᏈᏯ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ – cherokesiska" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎠᎸᎠᎳᏈᏯ ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="cherokesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/He%C3%A9v%C8%A7hevetan%C3%A9v%C8%AFhk%C4%97ha%27etanetse" title="Heévȧhevetanévȯhkėha'etanetse – cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Heévȧhevetanévȯhkėha'etanetse" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%86" title="ಅರಬ್ಬಿ ಬಾಸೆ – tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಅರಬ್ಬಿ ಬಾಸೆ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arap%C3%A7a" title="Arapça – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Arapça" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arap_dili" title="Arap dili – turkmeniska" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Arap dili" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmeniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%CC%B1ra%CC%B1ba_(a%CC%B1lyem)" title="La̱ra̱ba (a̱lyem) – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="La̱ra̱ba (a̱lyem)" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Араб дыл – tuviniska" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Араб дыл" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuviniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Араб кыл – udmurtiska" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Араб кыл" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="udmurtiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Арабська мова – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Арабська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="عربی زبان – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عربی زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95%D8%A8_%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89" title="ئەرەب تىلى – uiguriska" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئەرەب تىلى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uiguriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vahahlahboh" title="Vahahlahboh – zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Vahahlahboh" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81%C3%A9ngua_araba" title="Łéngua araba – venetianska" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Łéngua araba" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetianska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araban_kel%27" title="Araban kel' – veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Araban kel'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_%E1%BA%A2_R%E1%BA%ADp" title="Tiếng Ả Rập – vietnamesiska" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Ả Rập" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larab" title="Larab – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Larab" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araabia_kiil" title="Araabia kiil – võru" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Araabia kiil" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabe_(lingaedje)" title="Arabe (lingaedje) – vallonska" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Arabe (lingaedje)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alijunaiki_Tutko" title="Alijunaiki Tutko – wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Alijunaiki Tutko" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%AA%9E" title="阿拉伯語 – litterär kineiska" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="阿拉伯語" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="litterär kineiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aroabiesche_toale" title="Aroabiesche toale – västflamländska" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Aroabiesche toale" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="västflamländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inarabo" title="Inarabo – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Inarabo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="阿拉伯语 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿拉伯语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A9" title="אראביש – jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אראביש" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88d%C3%A8_L%C3%A1r%C3%BAb%C3%A1w%C3%A1" title="Èdè Lárúbáwá – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èdè Lárúbáwá" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E6%96%87" title="阿拉伯文 – kantonesiska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="阿拉伯文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erebki" title="Erebki – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Erebki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araobisch" title="Araobisch – zeeländska" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Araobisch" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="zeeländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabu_kalba" title="Arabu kalba – samogitiska" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Arabu kalba" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="samogitiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E8%AF%AD" title="阿拉伯语 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿拉伯语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Arab" title="Basa Arab – betawiska" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Basa Arab" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saro_Arab" title="Saro Arab – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Saro Arab" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaku_Arab" title="Jaku Arab – ibanska" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Jaku Arab" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ibanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Arab" title="Basa Arab – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Basa Arab" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-knc mw-list-item"><a href="https://knc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic – Central Kanuri" lang="knc" hreflang="knc" data-title="Arabic" data-language-autonym="Yerwa Kanuri" data-language-local-name="Central Kanuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yerwa Kanuri</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-syl mw-list-item"><a href="https://syl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%A0%80%EA%A0%9E%EA%A0%86%EA%A0%9B%EA%A0%A4_%EA%A0%9D%EA%A0%A3%EA%A0%94" title="ꠀꠞ꠆ꠛꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ – Sylheti" lang="syl" hreflang="syl" data-title="ꠀꠞ꠆ꠛꠤ ꠝꠣꠔ" data-language-autonym="ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ" data-language-local-name="Sylheti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fr%C9%99bi_zyvon" title="Ərəbi zyvon – talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Ərəbi zyvon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%84%E2%B5%95%E2%B4%B0%E2%B4%B1%E2%B5%9C" title="ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ – marockansk standard-tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵜⴰⵄⵕⴰⴱⵜ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="marockansk standard-tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q13955#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Arabiska" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Arabiska" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ändra språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" 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accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=history" title="Tidigare versioner av sidan [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktyg" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button 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typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Question_book-4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/40px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="31" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/60px-Question_book-4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/80px-Question_book-4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="262" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div></td> <td class="ambox-text">Den här artikeln <b>behöver fler eller bättre <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:K%C3%A4llh%C3%A4nvisningar" title="Wikipedia:Källhänvisningar">källhänvisningar</a> för att kunna <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifierbarhet" title="Wikipedia:Verifierbarhet">verifieras</a>.</b> <small>(2014-01)</small> <br /><small>Åtgärda genom att lägga till pålitliga källor (<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduktion_till_k%C3%A4llh%C3%A4nvisningar" title="Wikipedia:Introduktion till källhänvisningar">gärna som fotnoter</a>). 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text-align:center; font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; font-size:130%;background:#c9ffd9;">Arabiska</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center; font-size:110%;background:#c9ffd9;">العربية, <i>al-ʿarabiyya</i></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Uttal</th><td class="" style=""><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Internationella_fonetiska_alfabetet" title="Internationella fonetiska alfabetet">[ʕarabi]</a></span>, <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Internationella_fonetiska_alfabetet" title="Internationella fonetiska alfabetet">[al ʕarabijja]</a></span></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Region</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/Nordafrika" title="Nordafrika">Nordafrika</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mellan%C3%B6stern" title="Mellanöstern">Mellanöstern</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Antal talare</th><td class="" style="">420 miljoner (totalt)<br />280 miljoner (modersmål)</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Status</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4rldsspr%C3%A5k" title="Världsspråk">Världsspråk</a></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Språkfamilj</th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/Afroasiatiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Afroasiatiska språk">Afroasiatiska</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:1.35em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Semitiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Semitiska språk">Semitiska</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Centralsemitiska_spr%C3%A5k" class="mw-redirect" title="Centralsemitiska språk">Centralsemitiska</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><a href="/wiki/Arabiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Arabiska språk">Arabiska</a><ul style="line-height:100%;margin-left:0.45em;padding-left:0;"><li><b>Arabiska</b></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;"><div style="white-space:normal;"><div style="padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Skriftsystem" title="Skriftsystem">Skriftsystem</a></div></div></th><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/Arabisk_skrift" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabisk skrift">Arabisk skrift</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#c9ffd9;">Officiell status</th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Officiellt språk i</th><td class="" style="">27 länder<br />3 organisationer</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;">Språkmyndighet</th><td class="" style=""><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Egypten" title="Egypten"><img alt="Egypten" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/22px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/33px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/44px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska_spr%C3%A5kakademin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabiska språkakademin [inte skriven än]">Arabiska språkakademin</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#c9ffd9;">Språkkoder</th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>‐1</th><td class="" style=""><kbd><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/langcodes_name.php?iso_639_1=ar">ar</a></span></kbd></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>‐2</th><td class="" style=""><kbd><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/langcodes_name.php?code_ID=22">ara</a></span></kbd></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>‐3</th><td class="" style=""><kbd><a href="https://iso639-3.sil.org/code/ara" class="extiw" title="iso639-3:ara">ara</a></kbd></td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:left; padding-top:0.225em;line-height:1.1em; padding-right:0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/SIL_International" title="SIL International">SIL</a></th><td class="" style="">ABV</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Arabic_speaking_world.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Arabic_speaking_world.svg/220px-Arabic_speaking_world.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Arabic_speaking_world.svg/330px-Arabic_speaking_world.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Arabic_speaking_world.svg/440px-Arabic_speaking_world.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> <div style="text-align:center;"><div> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top"><span style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 2px 1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color:SeaGreen; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;"> </span> </td> <td>Arabiska är det enda officiella språket </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top"><span style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 2px 1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color:#0053ad; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;"> </span> </td> <td>Arabiska är ett officiellt språk </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top"><span style="display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 2px 1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color:#41a2fc; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;"> </span> </td> <td>Arabiska är ett officiellt minoritetsspråk </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm/250px--WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="250" height="141" data-durationhint="62" data-mwtitle="WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/Fil:WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm/WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm/WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm/WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm/WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm/WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9c/WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm/WIKITONGUES-_Mounir_speaking_Tunisian_Arabic.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Talad tunisisk arabiska</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Arabiska</b> (اَلْعَرَبِيَّةُ, <i>al-arabiyya</i>) är det största av de <a href="/wiki/Semitiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Semitiska språk">semitiska</a> och <a href="/wiki/Afroasiatiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Afroasiatiska språk">afroasiatiska</a> <a href="/wiki/Spr%C3%A5k" title="Språk">språken</a> och ett av <a href="/wiki/Lista_%C3%B6ver_v%C3%A4rldens_st%C3%B6rsta_spr%C3%A5k_efter_antal_talare" title="Lista över världens största språk efter antal talare">de fem största språken i världen</a>, och det <a href="/wiki/Liturgiskt_spr%C3%A5k" title="Liturgiskt språk">liturgiska språket</a> för <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Språket skrivs med det <a href="/wiki/Arabiska_alfabetet" title="Arabiska alfabetet">arabiska alfabetet</a> och är gemensamt för i stort sett hela <a href="/wiki/Arabv%C3%A4rlden" title="Arabvärlden">arabvärlden</a>. Det är ett av <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6renta_nationerna#Språk" title="Förenta nationerna">Förenta Nationernas officiella språk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Arabiskan uppdelas främst i tre huvudvarieteter: modern standardarabiska, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klassisk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klassisk arabiska [inte skriven än]">klassisk arabiska</a> samt <a href="/wiki/Dialekt" title="Dialekt">dialekterna</a>. Modern standardarabiska skiljer sig framför allt i ordförrådet från klassisk arabiska, medan de olika dialekterna uppvisar stora olikheter både inbördes och mot klassisk och modern standardarabiska.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De äldsta bevarade skrifterna på arabiska återfinns bland <a href="/wiki/Fayoum_papyri" title="Fayoum papyri">Fayoum papyri</a>. Den moderna standardarabiskan används primärt som skriftspråk men nyttjas även muntligt i formella sammanhang som konferenser, nyhetsutsändningar och dylikt. Den klassiska arabiskan är den islamiska världens kulturspråk och brukas i <a href="/wiki/Koranen" title="Koranen">Koranen</a> och den klassiska litteraturen. Modersmålstalande <a href="/wiki/Araber" title="Araber">araber</a> har en av dialekterna som modersmål. Dialekterna används för muntlig kommunikation i alla informella sammanhang. </p><p>På grund av det arabiska språkets geografiska utbredning och dess roll som islams språk och som kultur- och elitspråk har det haft ett stort inflytande på många andra språk.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Antal_talare_och_status">Antal talare och status</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Antal talare och status" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Antal talare och status"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Det uppskattas att cirka 420 miljoner personer talar arabiska.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arabiska talas som första språk av cirka 280 miljoner personer.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Modern standardarabiska har 273,9 miljoner talare, vilket betyder att det är världens sjätte mest talade språk. Andra stora varianter av arabiska är bl.a.:<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egyptisk_arabiska" title="Egyptisk arabiska">Egyptisk arabiska</a>: 64,6 miljoner talare</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marockansk_arabiska" title="Marockansk arabiska">Marockansk arabiska</a>: 32,6 miljoner talare</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algerisk_arabiska" title="Algerisk arabiska">Algerisk arabiska</a>: 32,4 miljoner talare</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudanesisk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sudanesisk arabiska [inte skriven än]">Sudanesisk arabiska</a>: 31,9 miljoner talare</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordlevantinsk_arabiska" title="Nordlevantinsk arabiska">Nordlevantinsk arabiska</a>: 24,6 miljoner talare</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96vre_Egypten-arabiska" title="Övre Egypten-arabiska">Övre Egypten-arabiska</a>: 22,4 miljoner talare</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irakisk_arabiska" title="Irakisk arabiska">Irakisk arabiska</a>: 15,7 miljoner talare</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hijazarabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hijazarabiska [inte skriven än]">Hijazarabiska</a>: 14,5 miljoner talare</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydlevantinsk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sydlevantinsk arabiska [inte skriven än]">Sydlevantinsk arabiska</a>: 11,6 miljoner talare</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisisk_arabiska" title="Tunisisk arabiska">Tunisisk arabiska</a>: 11,6 miljoner talare</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanaas_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanaas arabiska [inte skriven än]">Sanaas arabiska</a>: 11,4 miljoner talare</li></ul> <p>Arabiskan är officiellt språk i 26 länder.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r54800189">.mw-parser-output .mall-kolumner2{column-width:16em;column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .mall-kolumner2.med-bredd{column-count:auto}.mw-parser-output .mall-kolumner2>:first-child{margin-top:0}</style> <div class="mall-kolumner2 utan-bredd med-antal" style="column-count:2;"> <ol><li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Algeriet" title="Algeriet"><img alt="Algeriet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/60px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Algeriet" title="Algeriet">Algeriet</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain"><img alt="Bahrain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/60px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti"><img alt="Djibouti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/22px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/33px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_Djibouti.svg/44px-Flag_of_Djibouti.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Egypten" title="Egypten"><img alt="Egypten" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/22px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/33px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/44px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Egypten" title="Egypten">Egypten</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea"><img alt="Eritrea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/22px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/33px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/44px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6renade_arabemiraten" title="Förenade arabemiraten"><img alt="Förenade arabemiraten" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6renade_arabemiraten" title="Förenade arabemiraten">Förenade arabemiraten</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak"><img alt="Irak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/22px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/33px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/44px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Jemen" title="Jemen"><img alt="Jemen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/22px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/33px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/44px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Jemen" title="Jemen">Jemen</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Jordanien" title="Jordanien"><img alt="Jordanien" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Jordanien" title="Jordanien">Jordanien</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Komorerna" title="Komorerna"><img alt="Komorerna" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Comoros.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Komorerna" title="Komorerna">Komorerna</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait"><img alt="Kuwait" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/22px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/33px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/44px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Libanon" title="Libanon"><img alt="Libanon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/22px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/33px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/44px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Libanon" title="Libanon">Libanon</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Libyen" title="Libyen"><img alt="Libyen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/22px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/33px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/44px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Libyen" title="Libyen">Libyen</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali"><img alt="Mali" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/60px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mauretanien" title="Mauretanien"><img alt="Mauretanien" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/60px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mauretanien" title="Mauretanien">Mauretanien</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Marocko" title="Marocko"><img alt="Marocko" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/22px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/33px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/44px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Marocko" title="Marocko">Marocko</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman"><img alt="Oman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/40px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/60px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Palestina_(stat)" title="Palestina (stat)"><img alt="Palestina (stat)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/40px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/60px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Palestina_(stat)" title="Palestina (stat)">Palestina</a> (delvis erkänd)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar"><img alt="Qatar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/22px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/33px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/44px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Saudiarabien" title="Saudiarabien"><img alt="Saudiarabien" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Saudiarabien" title="Saudiarabien">Saudiarabien</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia"><img alt="Somalia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland"><img alt="Somaliland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/22px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/33px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Flag_of_Somaliland.svg/44px-Flag_of_Somaliland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Somaliland" title="Somaliland">Somaliland</a> (delvis erkänd)</li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan"><img alt="Sudan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/22px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/33px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/44px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Syrien" title="Syrien"><img alt="Syrien" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Syrien" title="Syrien">Syrien</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tchad" title="Tchad"><img alt="Tchad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/22px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/33px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/44px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tchad" title="Tchad">Tchad</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tunisien" title="Tunisien"><img alt="Tunisien" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tunisien" title="Tunisien">Tunisien</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4stsahara" title="Västsahara"><img alt="Västsahara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4stsahara" title="Västsahara">Västsahara</a> (delvis erkänd)</li></ol> </div> <p>Dessutom är arabiskan också officiellt språk i flera internationella organisationer: <a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6renta_nationerna" title="Förenta nationerna">Förenta nationerna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabf%C3%B6rbundet" title="Arabförbundet">Arabförbundet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islamiska_konferensorganisationen" title="Islamiska konferensorganisationen">Islamiska konferensorganisationen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> FN firar den <a href="/wiki/Internationella_dagen_f%C3%B6r_det_arabiska_spr%C3%A5ket" title="Internationella dagen för det arabiska språket">internationella dagen för det arabiska språket</a> årligen den 18 december.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Arabiskan är också det heliga språket i islam: enligt religionen är alla andra språkversioner av Koranen bara mänskliga tolkningar.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_standardarabiska_och_de_arabiska_dialekterna">Modern standardarabiska och de arabiska dialekterna</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Modern standardarabiska och de arabiska dialekterna" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Modern standardarabiska och de arabiska dialekterna"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Termen ”arabiska” kan syfta antingen på <a href="/wiki/Standardarabiska" class="mw-redirect" title="Standardarabiska">standardarabiska</a> (<i>högarabiska</i> – allmänt <a href="/wiki/Skriftsystem" title="Skriftsystem">skrift</a>- och <a href="/wiki/Massmedium" title="Massmedium">massmediespråk</a> i <a href="/wiki/Arabv%C3%A4rlden" title="Arabvärlden">arabvärlden</a>) eller på de många dialektala varieteterna av arabiska (<i>nyarabiska</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-16"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I arabvärlden gör man i regel ingen åtskillnad mellan klassisk och modern standardarabiska. Högarabiska <i>al-luġatu l-ʻarabiyyatu l-fuṣḥā</i> (اللغة العربية الفصحى) syftar både på det språk som används idag runtom i <a href="/wiki/Nordafrika" title="Nordafrika">Nordafrika</a> och <a href="/wiki/Mellan%C3%B6stern" title="Mellanöstern">Mellanöstern</a> och språket som används i till exempel <a href="/wiki/Koranen" title="Koranen">Koranen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-17"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dialektal arabiska syftar på de många nationella eller regionala varieteter som härstammar från klassisk arabiska och utgör det vardagliga talspråket. Dessa skiljer sig ibland så mycket från varandra att de inte är ömsesidigt förståeliga. Dessa dialekter används vanligen inte i skrift, förutom i text menad att återge talspråk, så som teater- och filmmanus och direkt återgiven dialog i skönlitteratur. Standardarabiska är det officiella språket i alla arabländer och den enda form av arabiska som lärs ut i skolor på alla nivåer. Kairoarabiska har dock fått internationell spridning genom användning i filmer och TV-serier,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-16"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> och som skriftspråk har egyptisk (ny)arabiska etablerat en egen version av <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>. </p><p>Den <a href="/wiki/Sociolingvistik" title="Sociolingvistik">sociolingvistiska</a> situationen för arabiskan i nutid är ett tydligt exempel på <a href="/wiki/Diglossi" title="Diglossi">diglossi</a> – användandet av två skilda varianter av samma språk, vanligen i olika sociala situationer. I fallet arabiska kan utbildade araber från olika länder antas kunna tala både sin egen lokala dialekt och den högarabiska de lärt sig i skolan (i samma grad eller lägre). Denna diglossisituation underlättar <a href="/wiki/Kodv%C3%A4xling" title="Kodväxling">kodväxling</a> där en talare växlar fram och tillbaka mellan de två varieteterna av samma språk, ibland till och med inom samma mening. I de fall då araber från olika länder samtalar och finner att deras dialekter inte är ömsesidigt förståeliga (till exempel en marockan som talar med en libanes) brukar båda kunna gå över till högarabiska, eller pendla däremellan, för att kunna kommunicera. </p><p>Eftersom nutida arabiskt skriftspråk skiljer sig från det arabiska skriftspråket under Koranens tid har det blivit vanligt bland västerländska och icke-arabiska kännare av arabiskan att kalla Koranens språk <a href="/w/index.php?title=Klassisk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klassisk arabiska [inte skriven än]">klassisk arabiska</a> och det nutida språket i medierna och formellt tal <a href="/wiki/Standardarabiska" class="mw-redirect" title="Standardarabiska">standardarabiska</a>. Araber brukar däremot använda termen <i><span class="Unicode">fuṣḥā</span></i> om båda formerna och därmed lägga större tyngdpunkt på likheterna mellan de två. </p><p>Skillnaden mellan Koranens arabiska och dagens standardarabiska är framför allt uppdateringar av ordförrådet, även om nyarabiskan tagit in allt fler lånord från högarabiskan.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-16"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De syntaktiska och grammatiska reglerna är desamma. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fonologi">Fonologi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Fonologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Fonologi"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beskrivningen av <a href="/wiki/Fonem" title="Fonem">fonemen</a> avspeglar uttalet av standardarabiska. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vokaler">Vokaler</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Vokaler" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Vokaler"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Arabiskan har tre vokaler, med korta och långa varianter, plus två <a href="/wiki/Diftong" title="Diftong">diftonger</a>: <i>a</i> <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ɛ̈]</span> (öppet <i>e</i>-ljud, centraliserat), <i>i</i> <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ɪ]</span>, <i>u</i> <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ʊ]</span>; <i>ā</i> <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[æː]</span>, <i>ī</i> <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[iː]</span>, <i>ū</i> <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[uː]</span>; <i>ai</i> (<i>ay</i>) <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ɛ̈ɪ]</span>, <i>au</i> (<i>aw</i>) <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ɛ̈ʊ]</span>. De långa vokalerna hålls cirka 35% längre än dess korta motsvarigheter.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Allofon" title="Allofon">Allofoniskt</a>, efter velariserade konsonanter (se nedan), uttalas vokalen <i>a</i> som <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ɑ]</span>, <i>ā</i> som <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ɑː]</span> (även efter <i>r</i>), <i>ai</i> som <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ɑɪ]</span> och <i>au</i> som <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ɑʊ]</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Konsonanter[19]"><span id="Konsonanter.5B19.5D"></span>Konsonanter<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Konsonanter[19]" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Konsonanter[19]"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"> <caption><b>Standardarabiska konsonantfonem</b></caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" colspan="2">  </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bilabial_konsonant" title="Bilabial konsonant">Bilabial</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Interdental_konsonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Interdental konsonant [inte skriven än]">Inter-<br />dental</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Dental_konsonant" title="Dental konsonant">Dental</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Postalveolar_konsonant" title="Postalveolar konsonant">Post-<br />alveolar</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Palatal_konsonant" title="Palatal konsonant">Palatal</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Velar_konsonant" title="Velar konsonant">Velar</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Uvular_konsonant" title="Uvular konsonant">Uvular</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Faryngal_konsonant" title="Faryngal konsonant">Faryn-<br />gal</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Glottal" class="mw-redirect" title="Glottal">Glottal</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left; font-size: 80%;"> vanlig  </th> <th style="text-align: left; font-size: 80%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Faryngalisering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faryngalisering [inte skriven än]">emfatisk</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Klusil" title="Klusil">Klusil</a> </th> <th style="text-align: left; font-size: 80%;"><a href="/wiki/Tonl%C3%B6s_konsonant" title="Tonlös konsonant">tonlös</a> </th> <td>  </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">t</span></td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">tˁ</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">k</span></td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">q</span> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">ʔ</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left; font-size: 80%;"><a href="/wiki/Tonande_konsonant" title="Tonande konsonant">tonande</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">b</span></td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">d</span></td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">dˁ</span></td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">ʤ</span>¹</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>  </td> <td> </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Frikativa" title="Frikativa">Frikativa</a> </th> <th style="text-align: left; font-size: 80%;"><a href="/wiki/Tonl%C3%B6s_konsonant" title="Tonlös konsonant">tonlös</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">f</span> </td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">θ</span></td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">s</span></td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">sˁ</span></td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">ʃ</span></td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">x</span></td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">ħ</span></td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">h</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left; font-size: 80%;"><a href="/wiki/Tonande_konsonant" title="Tonande konsonant">tonande</a> </th> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">ð</span></td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">z</span></td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">ðˁ</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">ɣ</span></td> <td>  </td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">ʕ</span></td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Nasal_konsonant" title="Nasal konsonant">Nasal</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">m</span></td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">n</span></td> <td>  </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>  </td> <td rowspan="2">  </td> <td rowspan="2">  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lateral" title="Lateral">Lateral</a> </th> <td> </td> <td>  </td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">l</span> ²</td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Tremulant_(fonetik)" title="Tremulant (fonetik)">Tremulant</a> </th> <td>  </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">r</span></td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>  </td> <td>  </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align: left;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Approximant" title="Approximant">Approximant</a> </th> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">w</span></td> <td>  </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">j</span></td> <td> </td> <td>  </td> <td> </td> <td>  </td></tr></tbody></table> <ol><li><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ʤ]</span> uttalas som <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ɡ]</span> av en del talare. Det är särskilt karakteristiskt för de egyptiska och sydyemenitiska dialekterna. I många delar av Nordafrika och i Levanten uttalas det som <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ʒ]</span>.</li> <li><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">/l/</span> uttalas <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[lˁ]</span> endast i <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">/ʔalˁːɑːh/</span>, Guds namn, alltså <a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a>, när ordet följer <i>a</i>, <i>ā</i>, <i>u</i> eller <i>ū</i> (efter <i>i</i> eller <i>ī</i> är det ovelariserat: <i>bismi l-lāh</i> <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">/bɪsmɪlːæːh/</span>).</li> <li><span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">/ʕ/</span> är vanligtvis en fonetisk <a href="/wiki/Approximant" title="Approximant">approximant</a>.</li> <li>I många språkvarieteter (om inte de flesta) är <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">/ħ, ʕ/</span> <a href="/wiki/Epiglottal" class="mw-redirect" title="Epiglottal">epiglottala</a> <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ʜ, ʢ]</span> (trots vad som sägs i många äldre verk).</li></ol> <p>De konsonanter som traditionellt kallas "emfatiska" <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">/tˁ, dˁ, sˁ, ðˁ/</span> är antingen <a href="/wiki/Velarisering" title="Velarisering">velariserade</a> <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[tˠ, dˠ, sˠ, ðˠ]</span> eller <a href="/w/index.php?title=Faryngalisering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faryngalisering [inte skriven än]">faryngaliserade</a> <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[tˁ, dˁ, sˁ, ðˁ]</span>. I vissa transkriptionssystem visas emfasen genom att stor bokstav används, till exempel skrivs <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">/dˁ/</span> ‹D›. I andra är bokstaven understruken eller har en punkt under sig, till exempel ‹ḍ›. </p><p>Vokaler och konsonanter kan vara (fonologiskt) korta eller långa. Långa (geminerade) konsonanter dubbelskrivs normalt i latinsk transkription (det vill säga bb, dd, etcetera), vilket avspeglar närvaron av det arabiska diakritiska tecknet <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shaddah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shaddah [inte skriven än]">shaddah</a>, som markerar förlängda konsonanter. Sådana konsonanter hålls två gånger så länge som korta konsonanter. Denna konsonantförlängning är fonematiskt kontrastiv: exempelvis <i>qabala</i> "han mottog" och <i>qabbala</i> "han kysste". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stavelsestruktur">Stavelsestruktur</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Stavelsestruktur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Stavelsestruktur"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Arabiskan har två sorters stavelser: öppna stavelser (KV) och (KVV) samt slutna stavelser (KVK), (KVVK) och (KVKK). Varje stavelse börjar med en konsonant – eller också lånas en konsonant från ett tidigare ord genom <a href="/wiki/Elision" title="Elision">elision</a>, särskilt i fallet med den bestämda artikeln <i>al</i> (använt när ett yttrande inleds) eller <i>-l</i> (använt när artikeln följer ett ord), till exempel <i>baytu -l mudiir</i> “direktörens hus”, vilket blir <i>bay-tul-mu-diir</i> när det delas upp i stavelser. I sig själv skulle den bestämda formen av <i>mudiir</i> uttalas <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">/al mudiːr/</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Betoning">Betoning</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Betoning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Betoning"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fastän ordbetoning inte är fonematiskt kontrastiv i standardarabiska har den ett starkt samband med vokallängd och stavelseform, och korrekt ordbetoning underlättar förståelsen. I allmänhet läggs betoning på "tunga" stavelser (det vill säga mer långvariga stavelser - en sluten stavelse eller en stavelse med en lång vokal). I ord med en stavelse med lång vokal drar den långa vokalen till sig betoningen (till exempel <i>ki-'taab</i> och <i> 'kaa-tib</i>). I ord med två långa vokaler drar den andra långa vokalen till sig betoningen (till exempel <i>ma-kaa-'tiib</i>). I ord med en "tung" stavelse där två konsonanter förekommer tillsammans eller samma konsonant är fördubblad får den (sista) tunga stavelsen betoningen (till exempel <i>ya-ma-'niyy</i>, <i>ka-'tabt</i>, <i>ka-'tab-na</i>, <i>ma-'jal-lah,</i> '<i>mad-ra-sah</i>, <i>yur-'sil-na</i>). Denna sista regel övertrumfar de två första: <i>ja-zaa-<span class="Unicode">ʔ</span>i-'riyy</i>. </p><p>I andra fall hamnar ordbetoningen vanligtvis på den första stavelsen: <i> 'ya-man</i>, <i> 'ka-ta-bat</i> och så vidare. Dialekten i <a href="/wiki/Kairo" title="Kairo">Kairo</a> (av <a href="/wiki/Egyptisk_arabiska" title="Egyptisk arabiska">egyptisk arabiska</a>) har dock vissa egenheter, i det att en tung stavelse inte kan ha betoning mer än två stavelser från ordslut. Då kan <i>mad-'ra-sah</i> ha betoningen på den näst sista stavelsen, liksom <i>qaa-'hi-rah</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dialektala_variationer">Dialektala variationer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitt: Dialektala variationer" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Dialektala variationer"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vissa dialekter kan ha fler eller färre fonem än de som listas i tabellen ovan. Till exempel används icke-arabiskt <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[v]</span> i <a href="/wiki/Maghrebarabiska" title="Maghrebarabiska">Maghrebdialekterna</a> även i skriftspråket, mestadels för utländska namn. Semitiskt <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[p]</span> blev <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[f]</span> innan språket började nedtecknas, men ett litet antal arabiska dialekter, såsom irakisk arabiska (under inflytande från <a href="/wiki/Persiska" title="Persiska">persiskan</a>) skiljer mellan <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[p]</span> och <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[b]</span>. Interdentala frikativor (<span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[θ]</span> och <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ð]</span>) motsvaras av klusiler <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[t]</span> och <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[d]</span> i vissa dialekter (främst levantinsk och egyptisk arabiska) och av <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[s]</span> och <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[z]</span> i "lärda" ord från standardspråket. Tidigt under arabiskans expansion smälte de skilda emfatiska fonemen <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[dˁ]</span> och <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ðˁ]</span> ihop till ett enda fonem, antingen det ena eller det andra. Som väntat använder dialekter utan interdentala frikativor enbart <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[dˁ]</span>, medan de som har sådana frikativor använder <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ðˁ]</span>. Återigen motsvaras i "lärda" ord från standardspråket <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ðˁ]</span> av <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[zˁ]</span> i dialekter utan interdentala frikativor. </p><p>Ett annat typiskt särskiljande drag i arabiska dialekter är hur de återger standardspråkets <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[q]</span> (tonlös uvular klusil): den behåller sitt ursprungliga uttal i vitt skilda områden som <a href="/wiki/Jemen" title="Jemen">Jemen</a> och <a href="/wiki/Marocko" title="Marocko">Marocko</a> (och bland <a href="/wiki/Druser" title="Druser">druserna</a>), medan det återges med <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ɡ]</span> – ett typiskt "<a href="/wiki/Beduin" class="mw-redirect" title="Beduin">beduinuttal</a>" – i gulfarabiska, irakisk arabiska, övre Egypten och mindre urbaniserade delar av Levanten (till exempel Jordanien) och med en <a href="/wiki/Glottal_klusil" title="Glottal klusil">glottal klusil</a> <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ʔ]</span> i många prestigedialekter, såsom de som talas i <a href="/wiki/Kairo" title="Kairo">Kairo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beirut" title="Beirut">Beirut</a> och <a href="/wiki/Damaskus" title="Damaskus">Damaskus</a>. Alltså visar araber omedelbart sitt geografiska (och ibland klassmässiga) ursprung genom sitt uttal av ett ord som <i>qamar</i> "måne": <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[qamar]</span>, <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ɡamar]</span> eller <span class="IPA" style="font-family:Lucida Sans Unicode, Lucida Grande, Arial Unicode MS, Gentium, GentiumAlt, TITUS Cyberbit Basic, Code2000, Doulos SIL; font-family :inherit;">[ʔamar]</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Grammatik">Grammatik</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Redigera avsnitt: Grammatik" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=9" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Grammatik"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint huvudartikel hatnote" style="font-style:italic;"> <dl><dd>Huvudartikel: <a href="/wiki/Arabisk_grammatik" title="Arabisk grammatik">Arabisk grammatik</a></dd></dl></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historia">Historia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Redigera avsnitt: Historia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=10" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Historia"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>På grund av islams snabba utbredning under <a href="/wiki/700-talet" title="700-talet">700-talet</a> lärde sig många människor arabiska som ett <a href="/wiki/Lingua_franca" title="Lingua franca">lingua franca</a>. Av denna anledning är de tidigaste grammatiska beskrivningarna av arabiskan ofta skrivna av icke-modersmålstalare. Den tidigaste grammatikern som är känd är <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abi_Ishaq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abi Ishaq [inte skriven än]">ʻAbd Allāh ibn Abī Isḥāq</a></i> (död <a href="/wiki/735" title="735">735</a> (117 <a href="/wiki/Islamiska_kalendern" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamiska kalendern">H</a>)). Tre generationer grammatikers insatser kulminerade i boken av den <a href="/wiki/Perser" title="Perser">persiske</a> lärde <i><a href="/wiki/Sibawayh" title="Sibawayh">Sibāwayhi</a></i> (cirka <a href="/wiki/760" title="760">760</a>–<a href="/wiki/793" title="793">793</a>). </p><p>Traditionellt indelas de grammatiska vetenskaperna i fem grenar: </p> <ul><li><i>al-luġah</i> (lexikon): insamling och förklaring av ordförrådet</li> <li><i>aṣ-ṣarf</i> (morfologi): bestämning av de enskilda ordens form</li> <li><i>an-naḥw</i> (syntax): i första hand <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B6jning_(grammatik)" title="Böjning (grammatik)">ordböjning</a> (<i>iʻrab</i>), som delvis redan hade försvunnit i dialekter</li> <li><i>al-ištiqāq</i> (avledning): undersökning av ordens ursprung</li> <li><i>al-balāġah</i> (retorik): stilistik och vältalighet</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Substantiv">Substantiv</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Redigera avsnitt: Substantiv" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=11" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Substantiv"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tillstånd"><span id="Tillst.C3.A5nd"></span>Tillstånd</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Redigera avsnitt: Tillstånd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=12" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Tillstånd"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ett arabiskt substantiv kan ta ett av tre tillstånd av bestämdhet: <a href="/wiki/Best%C3%A4md_form" class="mw-redirect" title="Bestämd form">bestämd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Obest%C3%A4md_form" class="mw-redirect" title="Obestämd form">obestämd</a> och <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Status_constructus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Status constructus [inte skriven än]">status constructus</a></i>. Bestämd form markeras med artikeln <i>al-</i>. Obestämd form markeras med en ändelse <i>-un</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nunation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nunation [inte skriven än]">nunation</a>). Status constructus är omarkerat och förekommer i första ledet av en genitivkonstruktion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Artikel">Artikel</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Redigera avsnitt: Artikel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=13" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Artikel"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Artikeln (<i>adātu-t-taʻrīf</i>) <i>al-</i> är oböjlig och uttrycker bestämd form hos ett substantiv oberoende av <a href="/wiki/Genus_(spr%C3%A5kvetenskap)" title="Genus (språkvetenskap)">genus</a> och <a href="/wiki/Numerus" title="Numerus">numerus</a>. Begynnelsebokstaven (<i>hamzatu-l-waṣl</i>) är instabil i så måtto att den försvinner i <a href="/wiki/Sandhi" title="Sandhi">sandhi</a> så att artikeln reduceras till <i>-l-</i> (fastän alif ändå bibehålls i skrift för tydlighetens skull). </p><p>Det arabiska <i>l</i> assimileras också med ett antal konsonanter (dentaler och <a href="/wiki/Sibilant" title="Sibilant">sibilanter</a>), så att i dessa fall artikeln i uttalet bara uttrycks genom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geminering&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geminering [inte skriven än]">geminering</a> av substantivets begynnelsekonsonant. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Böjning"><span id="B.C3.B6jning"></span>Böjning</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Redigera avsnitt: Böjning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=14" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Böjning"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ett arabiskt substantiv kan ta tre <a href="/wiki/Kasus" title="Kasus">kasus</a>: <a href="/wiki/Nominativ" title="Nominativ">nominativ</a>, <a href="/wiki/Genitiv" title="Genitiv">genitiv</a> och <a href="/wiki/Ackusativ" title="Ackusativ">ackusativ</a>, och tre <a href="/wiki/Numerus" title="Numerus">numerus</a>: <a href="/wiki/Singularis" title="Singularis">singularis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dualis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dualis">dualis</a> och <a href="/wiki/Pluralis" title="Pluralis">pluralis</a>. Normalt får substantiv ändelsen <i>-u(n)</i> i nominativ, <i>-i(n)</i> i genitiv och <i>-a(n)</i> i ackusativ. Kasusändelserna finns bara i formellt eller litterärt språkbruk. Formellt har varje substantiv en sådan ändelse, men i slutet av en mening uttalas ingen böjningsändelse ens i formellt tal, på grund av reglerna för "paus". </p><p>Pluralformen av substantiv bildas i vissa fall med ett suffix, men ofta genom att vokalstrukturen i ordet förändras. Det finns ett antal mönster för hur detta går till. Sådan pluralbildning förekommer även i andra semitiska språk, men ingenstans är den så utbredd som i arabiskan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Genus">Genus</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Redigera avsnitt: Genus" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=15" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Genus"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Arabiskan har två <a href="/wiki/Genus_(spr%C3%A5kvetenskap)" title="Genus (språkvetenskap)">genus</a> som uttrycks genom <a href="/wiki/Kongruensb%C3%B6jning" class="mw-redirect" title="Kongruensböjning">kongruens</a> med pronomen, verb och adjektiv. </p><p>Dessa genus beskrivs ofta som <a href="/wiki/Maskulinum" title="Maskulinum">maskulinum</a> och <a href="/wiki/Femininum" title="Femininum">femininum</a>, men situationen är mer komplicerad än så. Former för "femininum" singular används också för att uttrycka "singulativer", som är <i>plural</i> av döda ting av båda grammatiska genus. </p><p>Markören för femininum är ett <i>-t</i>-suffix, men vissa substantiv utan denna markör kongruerar också som femininum. Redan i klassisk arabiska uttalades inte <i>-t</i>-markören i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pausa_(lingvistik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pausa (lingvistik) [inte skriven än]">pausa</a>. Den skrivs med en särskild bokstav (<i>ta marbuta</i>) som visar att ett <i>t</i>-ljud ska uttalas i <a href="/wiki/Sandhi" title="Sandhi">sandhi</a>, men inte i pausa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Verb">Verb</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Redigera avsnitt: Verb" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=16" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Verb"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Liksom i många andra semitiska språk baseras verbbildningen i arabiskan på en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rot_(lingvistik)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rot (lingvistik) [inte skriven än]">rot</a> som (vanligen) består av tre konsonanter. Roten är i sig inget ord men innehåller den <a href="/wiki/Semantik" title="Semantik">semantiska</a> kärnan. Konsonanterna <b>k-t-b</b>, exempelvis, indikerar 'skriva', <b>q-r-ʼ</b> indikerar 'läsa', <b>ʼ-k-l</b> 'äta' etcetera. Ord bildas genom att roten tillförs en vokalstruktur och <a href="/wiki/Affix" title="Affix">affix</a>. Traditionellt har arabiska grammatiker använt roten <b>f-ʻ-l</b> 'göra' som mall för att diskutera ordbildning. Verben personböjs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Språkträd"><span id="Spr.C3.A5ktr.C3.A4d"></span>Språkträd</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Redigera avsnitt: Språkträd" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=17" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Språkträd"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Den talade arabiskan finns i många olika varianter. Det finns ingen koncensus om vad "arabiska" är exakt: ett eget språk eller ett makrospråk med lokala varianter.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-17"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-20"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Här anges de varianter som är så särpräglade att de har egna språkkoder. Flertalet saknar eget skriftspråk. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afroasiatiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Afroasiatiska språk">Afroasiatiska språk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Semitiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Semitiska språk">Semitiska språk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centralsemitiska_spr%C3%A5k" class="mw-redirect" title="Centralsemitiska språk">Centralsemitiska språk</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydliga_centralsemitiska_spr%C3%A5k&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sydliga centralsemitiska språk [inte skriven än]">Sydliga centralsemitiska språk</a> <ul><li><b>Arabiska</b> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sahara-algerisk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sahara-algerisk arabiska [inte skriven än]">Sahara-algerisk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algerisk_arabiska" title="Algerisk arabiska">Algerisk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baharnaarabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baharnaarabiska [inte skriven än]">Baharnaarabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypriotisk_arabiska" title="Cypriotisk arabiska">Cypriotisk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dhofariarabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dhofariarabiska [inte skriven än]">Dhofariarabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%96stegyptisk_bedawiarabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Östegyptisk bedawiarabiska [inte skriven än]">Östegyptisk bedawiarabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptisk_arabiska" title="Egyptisk arabiska">Egyptisk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gulfarabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gulfarabiska [inte skriven än]">Gulfarabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadramiarabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hadramiarabiska [inte skriven än]">Hadramiarabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassaniyya" title="Hassaniyya">Hassaniyya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hijaziarabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hijaziarabiska [inte skriven än]">Hijaziarabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irakisk_arabiska" title="Irakisk arabiska">Irakisk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judeoirakisk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judeoirakisk arabiska [inte skriven än]">Judeoirakisk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judeomarockansk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judeomarockansk arabiska [inte skriven än]">Judeomarockansk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judeotripolitansk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judeotripolitansk arabiska [inte skriven än]">Judeotripolitansk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judeotunisisk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judeotunisisk arabiska [inte skriven än]">Judeotunisisk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Judeojemenitisk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Judeojemenitisk arabiska [inte skriven än]">Judeojemenitisk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Libysk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Libysk arabiska [inte skriven än]">Libysk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltesiska" title="Maltesiska">Maltesiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesopotamsk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesopotamsk arabiska [inte skriven än]">Mesopotamsk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marockansk_arabiska" title="Marockansk arabiska">Marockansk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Najdiarabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Najdiarabiska [inte skriven än]">Najdiarabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordlevantinsk_arabiska" title="Nordlevantinsk arabiska">Nordlevantinsk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nordmesopotamsk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nordmesopotamsk arabiska [inte skriven än]">Nordmesopotamsk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omaniarabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Omaniarabiska [inte skriven än]">Omaniarabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96vre_Egypten-arabiska" title="Övre Egypten-arabiska">Övre Egypten-arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanaaniarabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanaaniarabiska [inte skriven än]">Sanaaniarabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shihhiarabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shihhiarabiska [inte skriven än]">Shihhiarabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydlevantinsk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sydlevantinsk arabiska [inte skriven än]">Sydlevantinsk arabiska</a></li> <li><b>Standardarabiska</b> [ABV]</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sudanesisk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sudanesisk arabiska [inte skriven än]">Sudanesisk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ta%27izzi-adeniarabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ta'izzi-adeniarabiska [inte skriven än]">Ta'izzi-adeniarabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tadzjikisk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tadzjikisk arabiska [inte skriven än]">Tadzjikisk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourkou" title="Tourkou">Tchadisk arabiska</a> (tourkou)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunisisk_arabiska" title="Tunisisk arabiska">Tunisisk arabiska</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uzbekisk_arabiska&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uzbekisk arabiska [inte skriven än]">Uzbekisk arabiska</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arabiska_lånord"><span id="Arabiska_l.C3.A5nord"></span>Arabiska lånord</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Redigera avsnitt: Arabiska lånord" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=18" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Arabiska lånord"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint huvudartikel hatnote" style="font-style:italic;"> <dl><dd>Huvudartikel: <a href="/wiki/Arabiska_l%C3%A5nord" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabiska lånord">Arabiska lånord</a></dd></dl></div> <p>Några lånord som kommit till svenskan från arabiska är <a href="/wiki/Amiral" title="Amiral">amiral</a>, <a href="/wiki/Algebra" title="Algebra">algebra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siffra" title="Siffra">siffra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alkemi" title="Alkemi">alkemi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alkohol" class="mw-redirect" title="Alkohol">alkohol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Socker" title="Socker">socker</a> och <a href="/wiki/Soffa" title="Soffa">soffa</a>. </p><p>Många olika språk i många olika språkfamiljer (bl.a. <a href="/wiki/Indoeuropeiska_spr%C3%A5k" title="Indoeuropeiska språk">indoeuropeiska språk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niger-kongospr%C3%A5k" class="mw-redirect" title="Niger-kongospråk">niger-kongospråk</a> och <a href="/wiki/Turkspr%C3%A5k" title="Turkspråk">turkspråk</a>) har lånat ord eller skrift från arabiska.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-20"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_även"><span id="Se_.C3.A4ven"></span>Se även</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Redigera avsnitt: Se även" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=19" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Se även"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabiska_alfabetet" title="Arabiska alfabetet">Arabiska alfabetet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabisk_litteratur" title="Arabisk litteratur">Arabisk litteratur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabist" title="Arabist">Arabist</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=20" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><span class="plainlinks"><i>Den här artikeln är helt eller delvis baserad på material från <a href="/wiki/Engelskspr%C3%A5kiga_Wikipedia" title="Engelskspråkiga Wikipedia">engelskspråkiga Wikipedia</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arabic_grammar&oldid=39770051">Arabic grammar</a>, 15 februari 2006.</i></span></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Noter">Noter</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Redigera avsnitt: Noter" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=21" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Noter"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Arabic-language">”Arabic language | History & Alphabet | Britannica”</a> (på engelska). <i><span>www.britannica.com</span></i>. 10 maj 2024<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Arabic-language">https://www.britannica.com/topic/Arabic-language</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 12 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Arabic+language+%7C+History+%26+Alphabet+%7C+Britannica&rft.atitle=www.britannica.com&rft.date=10+maj+2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FArabic-language&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFDahlqvist">Dahlqvist, Bengt. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190302024719/https://www.lingfil.uu.se/semitiska-sprak/">”Semitiska språk - Institutionen för lingvistik och filologi - Uppsala universitet”</a>. <i><span>www.lingfil.uu.se</span></i>. Arkiverad från <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lingfil.uu.se/semitiska-sprak/">originalet</a> den 2 mars 2019<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190302024719/https://www.lingfil.uu.se/semitiska-sprak/">https://web.archive.org/web/20190302024719/https://www.lingfil.uu.se/semitiska-sprak/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 1 mars 2019</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Semitiska+spr%C3%A5k+-+Institutionen+f%C3%B6r+lingvistik+och+filologi+-+Uppsala+universitet&rft.atitle=www.lingfil.uu.se&rft.aulast=Dahlqvist&rft.aufirst=Bengt&rft.au=Dahlqvist%2C+Bengt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20190302024719%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.lingfil.uu.se%2Fsemitiska-sprak%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Egypt/Languages">”Egypt - Arabic, Coptic, Nubian | Britannica”</a> (på engelska). <i><span>www.britannica.com</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Egypt/Languages">https://www.britannica.com/place/Egypt/Languages</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 12 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Egypt+-+Arabic%2C+Coptic%2C+Nubian+%7C+Britannica&rft.atitle=www.britannica.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FEgypt%2FLanguages&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFSarah_G._Thomason">Sarah G. Thomason. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://public.websites.umich.edu/~thomason/temp/arabic.pdf">”Arabic in contact witih other languages”</a> (på engelska). University of Michigan<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://public.websites.umich.edu/~thomason/temp/arabic.pdf">https://public.websites.umich.edu/~thomason/temp/arabic.pdf</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 12 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Arabic+in+contact+witih+other+languages&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Sarah+G.+Thomason&rft.au=Sarah+G.+Thomason&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublic.websites.umich.edu%2F%7Ethomason%2Ftemp%2Farabic.pdf&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/arabic-speaking-countries.html">”Arabic Speaking Countries”</a> (på engelska). <i><span>WorldAtlas</span></i>. 6 juli 2018<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/arabic-speaking-countries.html">https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/arabic-speaking-countries.html</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Arabic+Speaking+Countries&rft.atitle=WorldAtlas&rft.date=6+juli+2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldatlas.com%2Farticles%2Farabic-speaking-countries.html&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-6">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rm.coe.int/tool-5-arabic-some-information-language-support-for-adult-refugees-a-t/168071717f">”5 - Arabic: some information”</a> (PDF). <i><span>Language Policy Programme</span></i>. 2024<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://rm.coe.int/tool-5-arabic-some-information-language-support-for-adult-refugees-a-t/168071717f">https://rm.coe.int/tool-5-arabic-some-information-language-support-for-adult-refugees-a-t/168071717f</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=5+-+Arabic%3A+some+information&rft.atitle=Language+Policy+Programme&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frm.coe.int%2Ftool-5-arabic-some-information-language-support-for-adult-refugees-a-t%2F168071717f&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web" id="CITEREFGhosh,_Iman">Ghosh, Iman (15 februari 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.visualcapitalist.com/100-most-spoken-languages/">”Ranked: The 100 Most Spoken Languages Around the World”</a> (på engelska). <i><span>Visual Capitalist</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.visualcapitalist.com/100-most-spoken-languages/">https://www.visualcapitalist.com/100-most-spoken-languages/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Ranked%3A+The+100+Most+Spoken+Languages+Around+the+World&rft.atitle=Visual+Capitalist&rft.aulast=Ghosh%2C+Iman&rft.au=Ghosh%2C+Iman&rft.date=15+februari+2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.visualcapitalist.com%2F100-most-spoken-languages%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mosalingua.com/en/arabic-speaking-countries/">”Arabic-Speaking Countries: Where Is Arabic an Official Language?”</a> (på amerikansk engelska). <i><span>MosaLingua</span></i>. 27 september 2023<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.mosalingua.com/en/arabic-speaking-countries/">http://www.mosalingua.com/en/arabic-speaking-countries/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Arabic-Speaking+Countries%3A+Where+Is+Arabic+an+Official+Language%3F&rft.atitle=MosaLingua&rft.date=27+september+2023&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mosalingua.com%2Fen%2Farabic-speaking-countries%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://moiid.govsomaliland.org/article/about-somaliland">”About Somaliland”</a> (på engelska). <i><span>Ministry of Investment and Industrial Development</span></i>. 2024<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://moiid.govsomaliland.org/article/about-somaliland">https://moiid.govsomaliland.org/article/about-somaliland</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=About+Somaliland&rft.atitle=Ministry+of+Investment+and+Industrial+Development&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmoiid.govsomaliland.org%2Farticle%2Fabout-somaliland&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.un.org/en/our-work/official-languages">”Official Languages”</a> (på engelska). <i><span>United Nations</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.un.org/en/our-work/official-languages">https://www.un.org/en/our-work/official-languages</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Official+Languages&rft.atitle=United+Nations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fen%2Four-work%2Fofficial-languages&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.museumwnf.org/league-of-arab-states/?page=LAS-member-states.php">”About the League of Arab States”</a> (på engelska). <i><span>Museum With No Frontiers</span></i>. 2024<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.museumwnf.org/league-of-arab-states/?page=LAS-member-states.php">https://www.museumwnf.org/league-of-arab-states/?page=LAS-member-states.php</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=About+the+League+of+Arab+States&rft.atitle=Museum+With+No+Frontiers&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.museumwnf.org%2Fleague-of-arab-states%2F%3Fpage%3DLAS-member-states.php&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sis.gov.eg/Story/178316/The-Organization-of-Islamic-Cooperation?lang=en-us">”The Organization of Islamic Cooperation”</a> (på engelska). <i><span>State Information Service</span></i>. 2024<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.sis.gov.eg/Story/178316/The-Organization-of-Islamic-Cooperation?lang=en-us">https://www.sis.gov.eg/Story/178316/The-Organization-of-Islamic-Cooperation?lang=en-us</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=The+Organization+of+Islamic+Cooperation&rft.atitle=State+Information+Service&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sis.gov.eg%2FStory%2F178316%2FThe-Organization-of-Islamic-Cooperation%3Flang%3Den-us&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="news" id="CITEREFMaaloumSwahn2015">Maaloum, Abdelaziz; Swahn, Isabelle (18 december 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sverigesradio.se/artikel/6329098">”Internationella dagen för det arabiska språket”</a>. <i>Sveriges Radio</i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://sverigesradio.se/artikel/6329098">https://sverigesradio.se/artikel/6329098</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Internationella+dagen+f%C3%B6r+det+arabiska+spr%C3%A5ket&rft.jtitle=Sveriges+Radio&rft.aulast=Maaloum&rft.aufirst=Abdelaziz&rft.au=Maaloum%2C+Abdelaziz&rft.au=Swahn%2C+Isabelle&rft.date=18+december+2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsverigesradio.se%2Fartikel%2F6329098&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iqranetwork.com/blog/do-we-have-to-read-quran-in-arabic/">”Do We Have to Read Quran in Arabic?”</a> (på engelska). <i><span>IQRA Network</span></i>. 17 september 2022<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://iqranetwork.com/blog/do-we-have-to-read-quran-in-arabic/">https://iqranetwork.com/blog/do-we-have-to-read-quran-in-arabic/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Do+We+Have+to+Read+Quran+in+Arabic%3F&rft.atitle=IQRA+Network&rft.date=17+september+2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fiqranetwork.com%2Fblog%2Fdo-we-have-to-read-quran-in-arabic%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www3.metmuseum.org/learn/educators/curriculum-resources/art-of-the-islamic-world/introduction/frequently-asked-questions">”Frequently Asked Questions”</a>. <i><span>The Metropolitan Museum of Art</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www3.metmuseum.org/learn/educators/curriculum-resources/art-of-the-islamic-world/introduction/frequently-asked-questions">https://www3.metmuseum.org/learn/educators/curriculum-resources/art-of-the-islamic-world/introduction/frequently-asked-questions</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Frequently+Asked+Questions&rft.atitle=The+Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww3.metmuseum.org%2Flearn%2Feducators%2Fcurriculum-resources%2Fart-of-the-islamic-world%2Fintroduction%2Ffrequently-asked-questions&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-16">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:0_16-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_16-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_16-2"><small>c</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/arabiska">”arabiska - Uppslagsverk”</a>. <i><span>www.ne.se</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/arabiska">https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/arabiska</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 11 juli 2020</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=arabiska+-+Uppslagsverk&rft.atitle=www.ne.se&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ne.se%2Fuppslagsverk%2Fencyklopedi%2Fl%25C3%25A5ng%2Farabiska&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-17">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:2_17-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_17-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Arabic-language">”Arabic language | History & Alphabet”</a> (på engelska). <i><span>Encyclopædia Britannica</span></i>. 29 april 2024<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Arabic-language">https://www.britannica.com/topic/Arabic-language</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Arabic+language+%7C+History+%26+Alphabet&rft.atitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.date=29+april+2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FArabic-language&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFMitleb1984-07">Mitleb, Fares (1984-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0095-4470(19)30879-4">”Vowel length contrast in Arabic and English: a spectrographic test”</a>. <i>Journal of Phonetics</i> 12 (3): sid. 229–235. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fs0095-4470%2819%2930879-4">10.1016/s0095-4470(19)30879-4</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0095-4470">0095-4470</a><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/S0095-4470(19)30879-4">https://doi.org/10.1016/S0095-4470(19)30879-4</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 12 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Vowel+length+contrast+in+Arabic+and+English%3A+a+spectrographic+test&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Phonetics&rft.aulast=Mitleb&rft.aufirst=Fares&rft.au=Mitleb%2C+Fares&rft.date=1984-07&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B229%E2%80%93235&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fs0095-4470%2819%2930879-4&rft.issn=0095-4470&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1016%2FS0095-4470%2819%2930879-4&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="journal" id="CITEREFThelwall1990">Thelwall, Robin (1990). ”Illustrations of the IPA: Arabic”. <i>Journal of the International Phonetic Association</i> 20 (2): sid. 37–41. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1017%2FS0025100300004266">10.1017/S0025100300004266</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/issn/0025-1003">0025-1003</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Illustrations+of+the+IPA%3A+Arabic&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+International+Phonetic+Association&rft.aulast=Thelwall&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.au=Thelwall%2C+Robin&rft.date=1990&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B37%E2%80%9341&rft_id=info:doi/10.1017%2FS0025100300004266&rft.issn=0025-1003&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-20">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-:3_20-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_20-1"><small>b</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mustgo.com/worldlanguages/arabic-overview/">”Arabic (Overview)”</a> (på engelska). <i><span>MustGo</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.mustgo.com/worldlanguages/arabic-overview/">https://www.mustgo.com/worldlanguages/arabic-overview/</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Arabic+%28Overview%29&rft.atitle=MustGo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mustgo.com%2Fworldlanguages%2Farabic-overview%2F&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal" class="web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/arab1395">”Glottolog 5.0 - Arabic”</a>. <i><span>glottolog.org</span></i><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/arab1395">https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/arab1395</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Läst 7 maj 2024</span>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Glottolog+5.0+-+Arabic&rft.atitle=glottolog.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglottolog.org%2Fresource%2Flanguoid%2Fid%2Farab1395&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Arabiska"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vidare_läsning"><span id="Vidare_l.C3.A4sning"></span>Vidare läsning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Redigera avsnitt: Vidare läsning" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=22" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Vidare läsning"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Paul_Caspari" title="Carl Paul Caspari">Caspari, C. P.</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Wright_(orientalist)" title="William Wright (orientalist)">William Wright</a>, med flera <i>A Grammar of the Arabic Language.</i> 3 upplagan, 2 band. Cambridge: Cambridge University press, 1955.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externa_länkar"><span id="Externa_l.C3.A4nkar"></span>Externa länkar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Redigera avsnitt: Externa länkar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabiska&action=edit&section=23" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Externa länkar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="floatright metadata"> <table style="font-size: 90%; width: 22em; padding: 0; text-align: left; border: 1px solid #aaa; background-color: #f9f9f9; color: black; margin: .5em 0 .5em 1em; border-spacing: 0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width: 40px; vertical-align: middle; padding: 0.5em;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikipedia"><img alt="Wikipedia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/50px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/75px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/100px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a><figcaption>Wikipedia</figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> har en <i><b><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ar:">upplaga på <span style="text-transform: lowercase;">Arabiska</span></a></b></i>. </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170817194322/http://www.arabiskaskolan.se/">Arabiska för alla</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title a{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks a,.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks .selflink{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{background:#b0c4de}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background:#d0e0f5}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background:#deeafa}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background:transparent}</style><table cellspacing="0" class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks hlist auktoritetsdata navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Auktoritetsdata" title="Auktoritetsdata">Auktoritetsdata</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" 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