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use efficiency (PUE)</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: phosphate use efficiency (PUE)"> <meta name="keywords" content="phosphate use efficiency (PUE)"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="phosphate use efficiency (PUE)"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 7038</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: phosphate use efficiency (PUE)</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7038</span> Choice of Optimal Methods for Processing Phosphate Raw Materials into Complex Mineral Fertilizers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrey%20Norov">Andrey Norov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Based on the generalization of scientific and production experience and the latest developments of JSC “NIUIF”, the oldest (founded in September 1919) and the only Russian research institute for phosphorus-containing fertilizers, this paper shows the factors that determine the reasonable choice of a method for processing phosphate raw materials into complex fertilizers. These factors primarily include the composition of phosphate raw materials and the impurities contained in it, as well as some parameters of the process mode, wastelessness, ecofriendliness, energy saving, maximum use of the heat of chemical reactions, fire and explosion safety, efficiency, productive capacity, the required product range and the possibility of creating flexible technologies, compliance with BAT principles, etc. The presented data allow to choose the right technology for complex granular fertilizers, depending on the abovementioned factors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BAT" title="BAT">BAT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecofriendliness" title=" ecofriendliness"> ecofriendliness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20saving" title=" energy saving"> energy saving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20raw%20materials" title=" phosphate raw materials"> phosphate raw materials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastelessness" title=" wastelessness"> wastelessness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159531/choice-of-optimal-methods-for-processing-phosphate-raw-materials-into-complex-mineral-fertilizers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7037</span> A Ratiometric Inorganic Phosphate Sensor Based on CdSe/ZnS QDs and Rhodamine 6G-Doped Nanofibers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Dinh%20Duong">Hong Dinh Duong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong%20Il%20Rhee"> Jong Il Rhee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, a ratiometric inorganic phosphate sensor was fabricated by a double layer of the rhodamine 6G-doped nanofibers and the CdSe/ZnS QDs-captured polymer. In which, CdSe/ZnS QDs with emission wavelengths of 595nm were synthesized and ligands on their surface were exchanged with mercaptopropionic acid (MPA). The synthesized MPA-QDs were combined with the mixture of sol-gel of 3-glycidoxypropyl trimethoxysilane (GPTMS), 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (APTMS) and polyurethane (PU) to build a layer for sensing inorganic phosphate. Another sensing layer was of nanofibers doped R6G which were produced from poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) by electrospining. The ratio of fluorescence intensities between rhodamin 6G (R6G) and CdSe/ZnS QDs exposed at different phosphate concentrations was used for calculating a linear phosphate concentration range of 0-10mM. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanofiber" title="nanofiber">nanofiber</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QDs" title=" QDs"> QDs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ratiometric%20phosphate%20sensor" title=" ratiometric phosphate sensor"> ratiometric phosphate sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhodamine%206G" title=" rhodamine 6G"> rhodamine 6G</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sol-gel" title=" sol-gel"> sol-gel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36346/a-ratiometric-inorganic-phosphate-sensor-based-on-cdsezns-qds-and-rhodamine-6g-doped-nanofibers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7036</span> The Effect of Application of Biological Phosphate Fertilizer (Fertile 2) and Triple Super Phosphate Chemical Fertilizers on Some Morphological Traits of Corn (SC704) </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mojaddam">M. Mojaddam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Araei"> M. Araei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Saki%20Nejad"> T. Saki Nejad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Soltani%20Howyzeh"> M. Soltani Howyzeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to study the effect of different levels of triple super phosphate chemical fertilizer and biological phosphate fertilizer (fertile 2) on some morphological traits of corn this research was carried out in Ahvaz in 2002 as a factorial experiment in randomized complete block design with 4 replications.) The experiment included two factors: first, biological phosphate fertilizer (fertile 2) at three levels of 0, 100, 200 g/ha; second, triple super phosphate chemical fertilizer at three levels of 0, 60, 90 kg/ha of pure phosphorus (P2O5). The obtained results indicated that fertilizer treatments had a significant effect on some morphological traits at 1% probability level. In this regard, P2B2 treatment (100 g/ha biological phosphate fertilizer (fertile 2) and 60 kg/ha triple super phosphate fertilizer) had the greatest plan height, stem diameter, number of leaves and ear length. It seems that in Ahvaz weather conditions, decrease of consumption of triple superphosphate chemical fertilizer to less than a half along with the consumption of biological phosphate fertilizer (fertile 2) is highly important in order to achieve optimal results. Therefore, it can be concluded that biological fertilizers can be used as a suitable substitute for some of the chemical fertilizers in sustainable agricultural systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20phosphate%20fertilizer%20%28fertile%202%29" title="biological phosphate fertilizer (fertile 2)">biological phosphate fertilizer (fertile 2)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=triple%20super%20phosphate" title=" triple super phosphate"> triple super phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corn" title=" corn"> corn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphological%20traits" title=" morphological traits"> morphological traits</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31865/the-effect-of-application-of-biological-phosphate-fertilizer-fertile-2-and-triple-super-phosphate-chemical-fertilizers-on-some-morphological-traits-of-corn-sc704" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31865.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">442</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7035</span> A Highly Sensitive Dip Strip for Detection of Phosphate in Water</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hojat%20Heidari-Bafroui">Hojat Heidari-Bafroui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amer%20Charbaji"> Amer Charbaji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Constantine%20Anagnostopoulos"> Constantine Anagnostopoulos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Faghri"> Mohammad Faghri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phosphorus is an essential nutrient for plant life which is most frequently found as phosphate in water. Once phosphate is found in abundance in surface water, a series of adverse effects on an ecosystem can be initiated. Therefore, a portable and reliable method is needed to monitor the phosphate concentrations in the field. In this paper, an inexpensive dip strip device with the ascorbic acid/antimony reagent dried on blotting paper along with wet chemistry is developed for the detection of low concentrations of phosphate in water. Ammonium molybdate and sulfuric acid are separately stored in liquid form so as to improve significantly the lifetime of the device and enhance the reproducibility of the device’s performance. The limit of detection and quantification for the optimized device are 0.134 ppm and 0.472 ppm for phosphate in water, respectively. The device’s shelf life, storage conditions, and limit of detection are superior to what has been previously reported for the paper-based phosphate detection devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20detection" title="phosphate detection">phosphate detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paper-based%20device" title=" paper-based device"> paper-based device</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molybdenum%20blue%20method" title=" molybdenum blue method"> molybdenum blue method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colorimetric%20assay" title=" colorimetric assay"> colorimetric assay</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134960/a-highly-sensitive-dip-strip-for-detection-of-phosphate-in-water" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/134960.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7034</span> Using Morlet Wavelet Filter to Denoising Geoelectric ‘Disturbances’ Map of Moroccan Phosphate Deposit ‘Disturbances’</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saad%20Bakkali">Saad Bakkali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Morocco is a major producer of phosphate, with an annual output of 19 million tons and reserves in excess of 35 billion cubic meters. This represents more than 75% of world reserves. Resistivity surveys have been successfully used in the Oulad Abdoun phosphate basin. A Schlumberger resistivity survey over an area of 50 hectares was carried out. A new field procedure based on analytic signal response of resistivity data was tested to deal with the presence of phosphate deposit disturbances. A resistivity map was expected to allow the electrical resistivity signal to be imaged in 2D. 2D wavelet is standard tool in the interpretation of geophysical potential field data. Wavelet transform is particularly suitable in denoising, filtering and analyzing geophysical data singularities. Wavelet transform tools are applied to analysis of a moroccan phosphate deposit ‘disturbances’. Wavelet approach applied to modeling surface phosphate “disturbances” was found to be consistently useful. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistivity" title="resistivity">resistivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Schlumberger" title=" Schlumberger"> Schlumberger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate" title=" phosphate"> phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wavelet" title=" wavelet"> wavelet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Morocco" title=" Morocco"> Morocco</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36526/using-morlet-wavelet-filter-to-denoising-geoelectric-disturbances-map-of-moroccan-phosphate-deposit-disturbances" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36526.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">421</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7033</span> Enhancing Protein Incorporation in Calcium Phosphate Coating on Titanium by Rapid Biomimetic Co-Precipitation Technique</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Suwanprateeb">J. Suwanprateeb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Thammarakcharoen"> F. Thammarakcharoen </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Calcium phosphate coating (CaP) has been employed for protein delivery, but the typical direct protein adsorption on the coating led to low incorporation content and fast release of the protein from the coating. By using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model protein, rapid biomimetic co-precipitation between calcium phosphate and BSA was employed to control the distribution of BSA within calcium phosphate coating during biomimetic formation on titanium surface for only 6 h at 50 oC in an accelerated calcium phosphate solution. As a result, the amount of BSA incorporation and release duration could be increased by using a rapid biomimetic co-precipitation technique. Up to 43 fold increases in the BSA incorporation content and the increase from 6 h to more than 360 h in release duration compared to typical direct adsorption technique were observed depending on the initial BSA concentration used during co-precipitation (1, 10, and 100 microgram/ml). From X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy studies, the coating composition was not altered with the incorporation of BSA by this rapid biomimetic co-precipitation and mainly comprised octacalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite. However, the microstructure of calcium phosphate crystals changed from straight, plate-like units to curved, plate-like units with increasing BSA content. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomimetic" title="biomimetic">biomimetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Calcium%20Phosphate%20Coating" title=" Calcium Phosphate Coating"> Calcium Phosphate Coating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protein" title=" protein"> protein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=titanium" title=" titanium"> titanium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13016/enhancing-protein-incorporation-in-calcium-phosphate-coating-on-titanium-by-rapid-biomimetic-co-precipitation-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13016.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7032</span> Mineralogical Characteristics of Phosphates from the Djebel Onk Deposits: Treatment and Valorization of Co-Products</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samira%20Tlili">Samira Tlili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Grairia"> Amina Grairia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sihem%20Benayache"> Sihem Benayache</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saida%20Bouyegh"> Saida Bouyegh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabrina%20Ladjama"> Sabrina Ladjama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelmoumen%20Guedri"> Abdelmoumen Guedri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phosphorites from Djebel Onk Tebessa/Algeria deposit contain a CaO of 50-52 wt. % and P₂O₅ level of ≥ 30.20 wt. %. The microstructure revealed using a spectroscopy electronic microscope (SEM) consists of phosphate granules with an ovular form. In this investigation, we have identified phosphate with varying particle sizes using mineralogical methods. The phosphogypsum formed by the mineralization of natural phosphate has also been discovered. This co-product was formed during the attack on natural phosphates by sulfuric acid. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of the thermoanalytical technique of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction, and EDS/MEB analysis. FTIR analyses also validated the identification of mineral phases with the observation of bands from structural phosphate groups. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate" title="phosphate">phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Djebel%20Onk%20deposit" title=" Djebel Onk deposit"> Djebel Onk deposit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mineralogy" title=" mineralogy"> mineralogy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valorization" title=" valorization"> valorization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphogypsum" title=" phosphogypsum"> phosphogypsum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191994/mineralogical-characteristics-of-phosphates-from-the-djebel-onk-deposits-treatment-and-valorization-of-co-products" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">22</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7031</span> Effects of Bacteria on Levels of AFM1 in Phosphate Buffer at Different Level of Energy Source</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20M.%20Elgerbi">Ali M. Elgerbi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Obied%20A.%20Alwan"> Obied A. Alwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Taher%20O.%20Alzwei"> Al-Taher O. Alzwei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdurrahim%20A.%20Elouzi"> Abdurrahim A. Elouzi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The binding of AFM1 to bacteria in phosphate buffer solution depended on many factors such as: availability of energy, incubation period, species and strain of bacteria. Increase in concentration of sugar showed higher removal of AFM1 and faster than in phosphate buffer alone. With 1.0% glucose lactic acid bacteria and bifidobacteria showed toxin removal ranging from 7.7 to 39.7% whereas with 10.0% glucose the percentage removal was 21.8 to 45.4% at 96 hours of incubation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aflatoxin%20M1" title="aflatoxin M1">aflatoxin M1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lactic%20acid%20bacteria" title=" lactic acid bacteria"> lactic acid bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bifidobacteria" title=" bifidobacteria "> bifidobacteria </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binding" title=" binding"> binding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20buffer" title=" phosphate buffer "> phosphate buffer </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19875/effects-of-bacteria-on-levels-of-afm1-in-phosphate-buffer-at-different-level-of-energy-source" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19875.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7030</span> Characterization and Selection of Phosphorus Deficiency Tolerant Genotypes in Nigeria Based on Morpho-Physiologic Traits</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umego%20Chukwudi%20T.">Umego Chukwudi T.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ntui%20Valentine%20O."> Ntui Valentine O.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uyoh%20Edak%20A."> Uyoh Edak A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phosphorus (P) deficiency has been identified as a major hindrance to rice production the world over. Eleven (11) rice genotypes predominantly used by local farmers in Nigeria were studied for their responses to P deficient conditions. The characterization was based on morpho-physiologic parameters. The genotypes were screened using a hydroponic system in a modified Hoagland’s solution. Morphological and physiologic parameters, including Plant height (PH), number of tillers per plant, shoot dry weight (SDW), shoot phosphate concentration (SPC), and chlorophyll content, were recorded after exposure to three levels of phosphate concentration (0µM, 400 µM, and 800 µM). The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the means were separated using least significance difference tests. The results obtained showed that P starvation caused a significant (p≤0.05) reduction in PH, SDW, and tillering and also triggered a significant (p≤0.05) increase in root length among the genotypes. The Pearsons correlation coefficient was used to estimate the relationships among studied parameters, and a significant negative correlation was observed between plant height and root length. FARO63 was identified as a highly tolerant genotype to P deficiency with a low (0.24) SPC and higher (4.81) phosphate utilization efficiency (PUE). This study has identified FARO63 as a true tolerant genotype to Phosphate deficiency, which will be useful in breeding for phosphate deficiency tolerance in rice and thus combating food insecurity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20deficiency" title="phosphate deficiency">phosphate deficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20genotypes" title=" rice genotypes"> rice genotypes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroponic%20system" title=" hydroponic system"> hydroponic system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20security" title=" food security"> food security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157910/characterization-and-selection-of-phosphorus-deficiency-tolerant-genotypes-in-nigeria-based-on-morpho-physiologic-traits" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157910.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7029</span> The Hydrolysis of Phosphate Esters Can Be Enhanced by Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20S.%20Sasi">Mohamed S. Sasi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research project aim is to study the hydrolysis of 8-diethylphosphate-1-naphthalenol with hydroxylamine in water. 8-diethylphosphate-1-naphthalenol, 1 was successfully synthesized and its rate of reaction with hydroxylamine was studied at 60°C. Pseudo first order behavior was observed. The rate of P-O cleavage of 1 at 60°C (7.43 x 10-3 M-1s-1) was found to be 178 fold and 7 fold slower than diethyl 8-dimethylamino-1-naphthyl phosphate, 3 at 60°C (1.32 M-1s-1) and diethyl 8-amino-1-naphthyl phosphate, 2 at 90 °C (5.5 x 10-2 M-1s-1) respectively. The rate of P-O cleavage of 1 with hydroxylamine was found to be faster than that of 4-chlorophenyl-1-cyclopropylphosphate triester, 5 where the reaction was too slow to observe at 60°C. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20esters" title="phosphate esters">phosphate esters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intramolecular%20hydrogen%20bonding" title=" intramolecular hydrogen bonding"> intramolecular hydrogen bonding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14160/the-hydrolysis-of-phosphate-esters-can-be-enhanced-by-intramolecular-hydrogen-bonding" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14160.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">428</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7028</span> Tricalcium Phosphate-Chitosan Composites for Tissue Engineering Applications </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Voicu">G. Voicu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20D.%20Ghitulica"> C. D. Ghitulica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Cucuruz"> A. Cucuruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Busuioc"> C. Busuioc</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the field of tissue engineering, the compositional and microstructural features of the employed materials play an important role, with implications on the mechanical and biological behaviour of the medical devices. In this context, the development of calcium phosphate-natural biopolymer composites represents a choice of many scientific groups. Thus, tricalcium phosphate powders were synthesized by a wet method, namely co-precipitation, starting from high purity reagents. Moreover, the substitution of calcium with magnesium have been approached, in the 5-10 wt.% range. Afterwards, the phosphate powders were integrated into two types of composites with chitosan, different from morphological point of view. First, 3D porous scaffolds were obtained by a freeze-drying procedure. Second, uniform compact films were achieved by film casting. The influence of chitosan molecular weight (low, medium and high), as well as phosphate powder to polymer ratio (1:1 and 1:2) on the morphological properties, were analysed in detail. In conclusion, the reported biocomposites, prepared by a straightforward route are suitable for bone substitution or repairing applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20reconstruction" title="bone reconstruction">bone reconstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chitosan" title=" chitosan"> chitosan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=composite%20scaffolds" title=" composite scaffolds"> composite scaffolds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tricalcium%20phosphate" title=" tricalcium phosphate"> tricalcium phosphate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62713/tricalcium-phosphate-chitosan-composites-for-tissue-engineering-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62713.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7027</span> High Phosphate-Containing Foods and Beverages: Perceptions of the Future Healthcare Providers on Their Harmful Effect in Excessive Consumption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ATM%20Emdadul%20Haque">ATM Emdadul Haque</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phosphorus is an essential nutrient which is regularly consumed with food and exists in the body as phosphate. Phosphate is an important component of cellular structures and needed for bone mineralization. Excessive accumulation of phosphate is an important driving factor of mortality in chronic renal failure patients; of relevance, these patients are usually provided health care by doctors, nurses, and pharmacists. Hence, this study was planned to determine the level of awareness of the future healthcare providers about the phosphate-containing foods and beverages and to access their knowledge on the harmful effects of excess phosphate consumption. A questionnaire was developed and distributed among the year-1 medical, nursing and pharmacy students. 432 medical, nursing and pharmacy students responded with age ranging from 18-24 years. About 70% of the respondents were female with a majority (90.7%) from Malay ethnicity. Among the respondents, 29.9% were medical, 35.4% were the pharmacy and 34.7% were nursing students. 79.2% students knew that phosphate was an important component of the body, but only 61.8% knew that consuming too much phosphate could be harmful to the body. Despite 97% of the students knew that carbonated soda contained high sugar, surprisingly 77% of them did not know the presence of high phosphate in the same soda drinks; in the similar line of observation, 67% did not know the presence of it in the fast food. However, it was encouraging that 94% of the students wanted to know more about the effects of phosphate consumption, 74.3% were willing to give up drinking soda and eating fast food, and 52% considered taking green coconut water instead of soda drinks. It is, therefore, central to take an educational initiative to increase the awareness of the future healthcare providers about phosphate-containing food and its harmful effects in excessive consumptions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20phosphate%20containing%20foods%20and%20beverages" title="high phosphate containing foods and beverages">high phosphate containing foods and beverages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=excessive%20consumption" title=" excessive consumption"> excessive consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=future%20health%20care%20providers" title=" future health care providers"> future health care providers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorus" title=" phosphorus"> phosphorus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11692/high-phosphate-containing-foods-and-beverages-perceptions-of-the-future-healthcare-providers-on-their-harmful-effect-in-excessive-consumption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11692.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7026</span> Phosphate Use Efficiency in Plants: A GWAS Approach to Identify the Pathways Involved</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azizah%20M.%20Nahari">Azizah M. Nahari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Doerner"> Peter Doerner</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phosphate (Pi) is one of the essential macronutrients in plant growth and development, and it plays a central role in metabolic processes in plants, particularly photosynthesis and respiration. Limitation of crop productivity by Pi is widespread and is likely to increase in the future. Applications of Pi fertilizers have improved soil Pi fertility and crop production; however, they have also caused environmental damage. Therefore, in order to reduce dependence on unsustainable Pi fertilizers, a better understanding of phosphate use efficiency (PUE) is required for engineering nutrient-efficient crop plants. Enhanced Pi efficiency can be achieved by improved productivity per unit Pi taken up. We aim to identify, by using association mapping, general features of the most important loci that contribute to increased PUE to allow us to delineate the physiological pathways involved in defining this trait in the model plant Arabidopsis. As PUE is in part determined by the efficiency of uptake, we designed a hydroponic system to avoid confounding effects due to differences in root system architecture leading to differences in Pi uptake. In this system, 18 parental lines and 217 lines of the MAGIC population (a Multiparent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross) grown in high and low Pi availability conditions. The results showed revealed a large variation of PUE in the parental lines, indicating that the MAGIC population was well suited to identify PUE loci and pathways. 2 of 18 parental lines had the highest PUE in low Pi while some lines responded strongly and increased PUE with increased Pi. Having examined the 217 MAGIC population, considerable variance in PUE was found. A general feature was the trend of most lines to exhibit higher PUE when grown in low Pi conditions. Association mapping is currently in progress, but initial observations indicate that a wide variety of physiological processes are involved in influencing PUE in Arabidopsis. The combination of hydroponic growth methods and genome-wide association mapping is a powerful tool to identify the physiological pathways underpinning complex quantitative traits in plants. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydroponic%20system%20growth" title="hydroponic system growth">hydroponic system growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20use%20efficiency%20%28PUE%29" title=" phosphate use efficiency (PUE)"> phosphate use efficiency (PUE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Genome-wide%20association%20mapping" title=" Genome-wide association mapping"> Genome-wide association mapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MAGIC%20population" title=" MAGIC population"> MAGIC population</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63844/phosphate-use-efficiency-in-plants-a-gwas-approach-to-identify-the-pathways-involved" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63844.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7025</span> Sintered Phosphate Cement for HLW Encapsulation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20M.%20M.%20Nelwamondo">S. M. M. Nelwamondo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20C.%20M.%20H.%20Meyer"> W. C. M. H. Meyer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20Krieg"> H. Krieg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The presence of volatile radionuclides in high level waste (HLW) in the nuclear industry limits the use of high temperature encapsulation technologies (glass and ceramic). Chemically bonded phosphate cement (CBPC) matrixes can be used for encapsulation of low level waste. This waste form is however not suitable for high level waste due to the radiolysis of water in these matrixes. In this research, the sintering behavior of the magnesium potassium phosphate cement waste forms was investigated. The addition of sintering aids resulted in the sintering of these phosphate cement matrixes into dense monoliths containing no water. Experimental evidence will be presented that this waste form can now be considered as a waste form for volatile radionuclides and high level waste as radiation studies indicated no chemical phase transition or physical degradation of this waste form. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemically%20bonded%20phosphate%20cements" title="chemically bonded phosphate cements">chemically bonded phosphate cements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HLW%20encapsulation" title=" HLW encapsulation"> HLW encapsulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20stability" title=" thermal stability"> thermal stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20stability" title=" radiation stability"> radiation stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30155/sintered-phosphate-cement-for-hlw-encapsulation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30155.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">638</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7024</span> Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Binder-free Trimetallic Phosphate Nanosheets</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iftikhar%20Hussain">Iftikhar Hussain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ahmad"> Muhammad Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xi%20Chen"> Xi Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Yuxiang"> Li Yuxiang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Transition metal phosphides and phosphates are newly emerged electrode material candidates in energy storage devices. For the first time, we report uniformly distributed, interconnected, and well-aligned two-dimensional nanosheets made from trimetallic Zn-Co-Ga phosphate (ZCGP) electrode materials with preserved crystal phase. It is found that the ZCGP electrode material exhibits about 2.85 and 1.66 times higher specific capacity than mono- and bimetallic phosphate electrode materials at the same current density. The trimetallic ZCGP electrode exhibits superior conductivity, lower internal resistance (IR) drop, and high Coulombic efficiency compared to mono- and bimetallic phosphate. The charge storage mechanism is studied for mono- bi- and trimetallic electrode materials, which illustrate the diffusion-dominated battery-type behavior. By means of density functional theory (DFT) calculations, ZCGP shows superior metallic conductivity due to the modified exchange splitting originating from 3d-orbitals of Co atoms in the presence of Zn and Ga. Moreover, a hybrid supercapacitor (ZCGP//rGO) device is engineered, which delivered a high energy density (ED) of 40 W h kg⁻¹ and a high-power density (PD) of 7,745 W kg⁻¹, lighting 5 different colors of light emitting diodes (LEDs). These outstanding results confirm the promising battery-type electrode materials for energy storage applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trimetallic%20phosphate" title="trimetallic phosphate">trimetallic phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanosheets" title=" nanosheets"> nanosheets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DFT%20calculations" title=" DFT calculations"> DFT calculations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20supercapacitor" title=" hybrid supercapacitor"> hybrid supercapacitor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binder-free" title=" binder-free"> binder-free</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synergistic%20effect" title=" synergistic effect"> synergistic effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141214/theoretical-and-experimental-investigation-of-binder-free-trimetallic-phosphate-nanosheets" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141214.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7023</span> Phosphate Capture from Sewage by Hafnium-Modified Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles: Adsorption Capacity, Selectivity, Reusability Analysis and Mechanistic Insights</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qian%20Zhao">Qian Zhao</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With global increasing demand for phosphorus and intensively depleting reserves, it is urgent need to explore innovative approaches towards capturing phosphate from sewage, which is also an effective way to reduce phosphate contamination and avoid eutrophication of water bodies. In the present article, the superparamagnetic nano-sorbents containing Fe₃O₄ core and hafnium-modified MgAl/MgFe layered double hydroxides shell (abbreviated as MgAlHf-NP and MgFeHf-NP) was developed using a simple and low-cost synthesis protocol. The obtained Hf-coated nano-materials showed well-defined crystal structure and sufficient saturation magnetization and exhibited higher adsorption capacity for phosphate. Meanwhile, high selectivity was also confirmed since coexisting foreign anions and biomacromolecules showed little competitive effect on phosphate adsorption. The enhancement via doping with Hf should be explained by the stronger ligand complexation built by the pair of hard acid Hf ion and hard base phosphate that matched up the bonding preferences. Sufficient OH⁻ concentration and clear pH shift during the desorption/regeneration allowed for regeneration rate of higher than 90% after 5 cycles of adsorption desorption. This article attempts to provide a competitive candidate for phosphate-capture, which is highly effective, easily separable and repeatedly usable. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20recovery" title="phosphate recovery">phosphate recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superparamagnetic" title=" superparamagnetic"> superparamagnetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reusability" title=" reusability"> reusability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109645/phosphate-capture-from-sewage-by-hafnium-modified-fe3o4-at-sio2-superparamagnetic-nanoparticles-adsorption-capacity-selectivity-reusability-analysis-and-mechanistic-insights" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109645.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7022</span> Halotolerant Phosphates Solubilizing Bacteria Isolated from Phosphate Solid Sludge and Their Efficiency in Potassium, Zinc Solubilization, and Promoting Wheat (Triticum Durum 'karim') Germination</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Z.%20Aliyat">F. Z. Aliyat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20El%20Guilli"> M. El Guilli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Nassiri"> L. Nassiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Ibijbijen"> J. Ibijbijen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Climate change is becoming a crucial factor that can significantly impact all ecosystems. It has a negative impact on the environment in many parts of the planet. Agriculture is the main sector affected by climate change. Particularly, the salinity of agricultural soils is among the problems caused by climate change. The use of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) as a biofertilizer requires previous research on their tolerance to abiotic stress, specifically saline stress tolerance, before the formation of biofertilizers. In this context, the main goal of this research was to assess the salinity tolerance of four strains: Serratia rubidaea strain JCM1240, Enterobacter bugandensis strain 247BMC, Pantoea agglomerans strain ATCC 27155, Pseudomonas brassicacearum subsp. Neoaurantiaca strain CIP109457, which was isolated from solid phosphate sludge. Additionally, their capacity to solubilize potassium and zinc, as well as their effect on Wheat (Triticum Durum 'Karim') germination. The four PSB strains were tested for their ability to solubilize phosphate in NBRIP medium with tricalcium phosphate (TCP) as the sole source of phosphorus under salt stress. Five concentrations of NaCl were used (0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%). Their phosphate solubilizing activity was estimated by the vanadate-molybdate method. The potassium and zinc solubilization has been tested qualitatively and separately on solid media with mica and zinc oxide as the only sources of potassium and zinc, respectively. The result showed that the solubilization decreases with the increase in the concentration of NaCl; all the strains solubilize the TCP even with 5% NaCl, with a significant difference among the four strains. The Serratia rubidaea strain was the most tolerant strain. In addition, the four strains solubilize the potassium and the zinc. The Serratia rubidaea strain was the most efficient. Therefore, biofertilization with PSB salt-tolerant strains could be a climate-change-preparedness strategy for agriculture in salt soil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioavailability%20of%20mineral%20nutrients" title="bioavailability of mineral nutrients">bioavailability of mineral nutrients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20solid%20sludge%3B%20phosphate%20solubilization" title=" phosphate solid sludge; phosphate solubilization"> phosphate solid sludge; phosphate solubilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=potassium%20solubilization" title=" potassium solubilization"> potassium solubilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salt%20stress" title=" salt stress"> salt stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc%20solubilization." title=" zinc solubilization."> zinc solubilization.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156937/halotolerant-phosphates-solubilizing-bacteria-isolated-from-phosphate-solid-sludge-and-their-efficiency-in-potassium-zinc-solubilization-and-promoting-wheat-triticum-durum-karim-germination" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156937.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">85</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7021</span> Simultaneous Removal of Phosphate and Ammonium from Eutrophic Water Using Dolochar Based Media Filter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prangya%20Ranjan%20Rout">Prangya Ranjan Rout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajesh%20Roshan%20Dash"> Rajesh Roshan Dash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Puspendu%20Bhunia"> Puspendu Bhunia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the aim of enhancing the nutrient (ammonium and phosphate) removal from eutrophic wastewater with reduced cost, a novel media based multistage bio filter with drop aeration facility was developed in this work. The bio filter was packed with a discarded sponge iron industry by product, ‘dolochar’ primarily to remove phosphate via physicochemical approach. In the multi stage bio-filter drop, aeration was achieved by the process of percolation of the gravity-fed wastewater through the filter media and dropping down of wastewater from stage to stage. Ammonium present in wastewater got adsorbed by the filter media and biomass grown on the filter media and subsequently, got converted to nitrate through biological nitrification in the aerobic condition, as realized by drop aeration. The performance of the bio-filter in treating real eutrophic wastewater was monitored for a period of about 2 months. The influent phosphate concentration was in the range of 16-19 mg/L, and ammonium concentration was in the range of 65-78 mg/L. The average nutrient removal efficiency observed during the study period were 95.2% for phosphate and 88.7% for ammonium, with mean final effluent concentration of 0.91, and 8.74 mg/L, respectively. Furthermore, the subsequent release of nutrient from the saturated filter media, after completion of treatment process has been undertaken in this study and thin layer funnel analytical test results reveal the slow nutrient release nature of spent dolochar, thereby, recommending its potential agricultural application. Thus, the bio-filter displays immense prospective for treating real eutrophic wastewater, significantly decreasing the level of nutrients and keeping the effluent nutrient concentrations at par with the permissible limit and more importantly, facilitating the conversion of the waste materials into usable ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ammonium%20removal" title="ammonium removal">ammonium removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20removal" title=" phosphate removal"> phosphate removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-stage%20bio-filter" title=" multi-stage bio-filter"> multi-stage bio-filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dolochar" title=" dolochar"> dolochar</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79309/simultaneous-removal-of-phosphate-and-ammonium-from-eutrophic-water-using-dolochar-based-media-filter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79309.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7020</span> Investigation of Dissolution in Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate Solutions of Gypsum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turan%20%C3%87alban">Turan Çalban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nursel%20Keskin"> Nursel Keskin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabri%20%C3%87olak"> Sabri Çolak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soner%20Ku%C5%9Flu"> Soner Kuşlu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gypsum (CaSO4.2H2O) is a mineral that is found in large quantities in the Turkey and in the World. The dissolution of this mineral in the diammonium hydrogen phosphate solutions has not been studied so far. Investigation of the dissolution and dissolution kinetics gypsum in diammonium hydrogen phosphate solutions will be useful for evaluating of solid wastes containing gypsum. In this study, parameters such as diammonium hydrogen phosphate concentration, temperature and stirring speed affecting on the dissolution rate of the gypsum in diammonium hydrogen phosphate solutions were investigated. In experimental studies have researched effectiveness of the selected parameters. The dissolution of gypsum were examined in two parts at low and high temperatures. The experimental results were successfully correlated by linear regression using Statistica program. Dissolution curves were evaluated shrinking core models for solid-fluid systems. The activation energy was found to be 34.58 kJ/mol and 44.45 kJ/mol for the low and the high temperatures. The dissolution of gypsum was controlled by chemical reaction both low temperatures and high temperatures. Reaction rate expressions of dissolution of gypsum at the low temperatures and the high temperatures controlled by chemical reaction are as follows, respectively. = k1.e-5159.5/T.t = k2.e-5346.8/T.t Where k1 and k2 are constants depending on the diammonium hydrogen phosphate solution concentration, the solid/liquid ratio, the stirring speed and the particle size. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diammonium%20hydrogen%20phosphate" title="diammonium hydrogen phosphate">diammonium hydrogen phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissolution%20kinetics" title=" dissolution kinetics"> dissolution kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gypsum" title=" gypsum"> gypsum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kinetics." title=" kinetics."> kinetics.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27332/investigation-of-dissolution-in-diammonium-hydrogen-phosphate-solutions-of-gypsum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27332.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7019</span> Phosphate Regulation of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Symbiosis in Rice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Debatosh%20Das">Debatosh Das</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moxian%20Chen"> Moxian Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianhua%20Zhang"> Jianhua Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Caroline%20Gutjahr"> Caroline Gutjahr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is a mutualistic symbiosis between plant roots and Glomeromycotina fungi, which is activated under low but inhibited by high phosphate. The effect of phosphate on AM development has been observed for many years, but mechanisms regulating it under contrasting phosphate levels remain unknown. Based on previous observations that promoters of several AM functional genes contain PHR binding motifs, we hypothesized that PHR2, a master regulator of phosphate starvation response in rice, was recruited to regulate AM symbiosis development. We observed a drastic reduction in root colonization and significant AM transcriptome modulation in phr2. PHR2 targets genes required for root colonization and AM signaling. The role of PHR2 in improving root colonization, mycorrhizal phosphate uptake, and growth response was confirmed in field soil. In conclusion, rice PHR2, which is considered a master regulator of phosphate starvation responses, acts as a positive regulator of AM symbiosis between Glomeromycotina fungi and rice roots. PHR2 directly targets the transcription of plant strigolactone and AM genes involved in the establishment of this symbiosis. Our work facilitates an understanding of ways to enhance AMF propagule populations introduced in field soils (as a biofertilizer) in order to restore the natural plant-AMF networks disrupted by modern agricultural practices. We show that PHR2 is required for AM-mediated improvement of rice yield in low phosphate paddy field soil. Thus, our work contributes knowledge for rational application of AM in sustainable agriculture. Our data provide important insights into the regulation of AM by the plant phosphate status, which has a broad significance in agriculture and terrestrial ecosystems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofertilizer" title="biofertilizer">biofertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate" title=" phosphate"> phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mycorrhiza" title=" mycorrhiza"> mycorrhiza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice" title=" rice"> rice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable" title=" sustainable"> sustainable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symbiosis" title=" symbiosis"> symbiosis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156401/phosphate-regulation-of-arbuscular-mycorrhiza-symbiosis-in-rice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156401.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7018</span> Biosynthesis of Silver-Phosphate Nanoparticles Using the Extracellular Polymeric Substance of Sporosarcina pasteurii</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammadhosein%20Rahimi">Mohammadhosein Rahimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Raouf%20Hosseini"> Mohammad Raouf Hosseini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehran%20Bakhshi"> Mehran Bakhshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Baghbanan"> Alireza Baghbanan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Silver ions (Ag<sup>+</sup>) and their compounds are consequentially toxic to microorganisms, showing biocidal effects on many species of bacteria. Silver-phosphate (or silver orthophosphate) is one of these compounds, which is famous for its antimicrobial effect and catalysis application. In the present study, a green method was presented to synthesis silver-phosphate nanoparticles using <em>Sporosarcina pasteurii</em>. The composition of the biosynthesized nanoparticles was identified as Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). Also, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that Ag<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles was synthesized in the presence of biosurfactants, enzymes, and proteins. In addition, UV-Vis adsorption of the produced colloidal suspension approved the results of XRD and FTIR analyses. Finally, Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) images indicated that the size of the nanoparticles was about 20 nm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteria" title="bacteria">bacteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosynthesis" title=" biosynthesis"> biosynthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver-phosphate" title=" silver-phosphate"> silver-phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sporosarcina%20pasteurii" title=" Sporosarcina pasteurii"> Sporosarcina pasteurii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticle" title=" nanoparticle"> nanoparticle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57439/biosynthesis-of-silver-phosphate-nanoparticles-using-the-extracellular-polymeric-substance-of-sporosarcina-pasteurii" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57439.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">450</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7017</span> Effect of Phosphate and Zinc Biofertilizers on Seed Yield and Molar Ratio of Phytic Acid to Zinc in Two Cultivars of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mohammadi">M. Mohammadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to evaluate the effect of phosphate and Zn bio-fertilizers on the yield, phytic acid (PA), Zn concentration and PA/Zn molar ratio in bean, a field experiment was carried out for two years. The treatments included two cultivars of bean (Talash and Sadri), four levels of P (P<sub>0</sub>, P<sub>1</sub>: 100 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> triple super phosphate (TSP), P2: 50 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> TSP + phosphate bio-fertilizer, P<sub>3</sub>: phosphate bio-fertilizer), three levels of Zn (Zn<sub>0</sub>, Zn<sub>1</sub>: 50 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> ZnSO4, Zn<sub>2</sub>: Zn bio-fertilizer). Phosphate bio-fertilizer consisted of inoculum of mycorrhizal fungus and Azotobacter and Zn bio-fertilizer consisted of Pseudomonas bacteria. The results revealed that there was significant difference between yield and Zn concentration between years. The effect of cultivar was significant on studied parameters. The lowest content of PA and PA/Zn were obtained from Talash. P treatment caused to significant difference on parameters in which P<sub>2</sub> caused to increase yield, P and Zn concentration, and decrease PA and PA/Zn by 21.8%, 38.2%, 33.4%, 17.4% and 38.6% respectively. Zn treatment caused to significant difference on studied parameters. The maximum number of parameters were obtained from Zn<sub>1</sub> and Zn<sub>2</sub>. The higher Zn concentration led to lower content of PA and PA/Zn. Using of P and Zn bio–fertilizers were caused to increasing nutrient uptake, improving growth condition and reducing PA and PA/Zn molar ratio. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mycorrhizae" title="mycorrhizae">mycorrhizae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorus" title=" phosphorus"> phosphorus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pseudomonas" title=" pseudomonas"> pseudomonas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zinc" title=" zinc"> zinc</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61360/effect-of-phosphate-and-zinc-biofertilizers-on-seed-yield-and-molar-ratio-of-phytic-acid-to-zinc-in-two-cultivars-of-bean-phaseolus-vulgaris-l" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61360.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7016</span> Removal and/or Recovery of Phosphates by Precipitation as Ferric Phosphate from the Effluent of a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyriaki%20Kalaitzidou">Kyriaki Kalaitzidou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Athanasia%20Tolkou"> Athanasia Tolkou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christina%20Raptopoulou"> Christina Raptopoulou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manassis%20Mitrakas"> Manassis Mitrakas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anastasios%20Zouboulis"> Anastasios Zouboulis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Phosphate rock is the main source of phosphorous (P) in fertilizers and is essential for high crop yield in agriculture; currently, it is considered as a critical element, phasing scarcity. Chemical precipitation, which is a commonly used method of phosphorous removal from wastewaters, finds its significance in that phosphates may be precipitated in appropriate chemical forms that can be reused-recovered. Most often phosphorous is removed from wastewaters in the form of insoluble phosphate salts, by using salts (coagulants) of multivalent metal ions, most frequently iron, aluminum, calcium, or magnesium. The removal degree is affected by various factors, such as pH, chemical agent dose, temperature, etc. In this study, phosphate precipitation from the secondary (biologically treated) effluent of a municipal wastewater treatment plant is examined. Using chlorosulfate (FeClSO4) it was attempted to either remove and/or recover PO43-. Results showed that the use of Fe3+ can achieve residual concentrations lower than the commonly applied legislation limit of PO43- (i.e. 3 mg PO43-/L) by adding 7.5 mg/L Fe3+ in the secondary effluent with an initial concentration of about 10 mg PO43-/L and at pH range between 6 to 9. In addition, the formed sediment has a percentage of almost 24% PO43- content. Therefore, simultaneous removal and recovery of PO43- as ferric phosphate can be achieved, making it possible for the ferric phosphate to be re-used as a possible (secondary) fertilizer source. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferric%20phosphate" title="ferric phosphate">ferric phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorus%20recovery" title=" phosphorus recovery"> phosphorus recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphorus%20removal" title=" phosphorus removal"> phosphorus removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title=" wastewater treatment"> wastewater treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23640/removal-andor-recovery-of-phosphates-by-precipitation-as-ferric-phosphate-from-the-effluent-of-a-municipal-wastewater-treatment-plant" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23640.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">484</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7015</span> Study of Divalent Phosphate Iron-Oxide Precursor Recycling Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shinn-Dar%20Wu">Shinn-Dar Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to synthesize lithium iron phosphate cathode material using a recycling technology involving non-protective gas calcination. The advantages include lower cost and easier production than traditional methods that require a large amount of protective gas. The novel technology may have extensive industrial applications. Given that the traditional gas calcination has a large number of protection free Fe3+ production, this study developed a precursor iron phosphate (Fe2+) material recycling technology and conducted related tests and analyses. It focused on flow field design of calcination and new technology as well as analyzed the best conditions for powder calcination combination. The electrical properties were determined by button batteries and exhibited a capacity of 118 mAh/g (The use of new materials synthesis, capacitance is about 122 mAh/g). The cost reduced to 50% of the original. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium%20battery" title="lithium battery">lithium battery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lithium%20iron%20phosphate" title=" lithium iron phosphate"> lithium iron phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calcined%20technology" title=" calcined technology"> calcined technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycling%20technology" title=" recycling technology"> recycling technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5225/study-of-divalent-phosphate-iron-oxide-precursor-recycling-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5225.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">480</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7014</span> Dissolution Leaching Kinetics of Ulexite in Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bet%C3%BCl%20%C3%96zgen%C3%A7">Betül Özgenç</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soner%20Ku%C5%9Flu"> Soner Kuşlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabri%20%C3%87olak"> Sabri Çolak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turan%20%C3%87alban"> Turan Çalban</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was investigate the leaching kinetics of ulexite in disodium hydrogen phosphate solutions in a mechanical agitation system. Reaction temperature, concentration of disodium hydrogen phosphate solutions, stirring speed, solid/liquid ratio and ulexite particle size were selected as parameters. The experimental results were successfully correlated by linear regression using Statistica program. Dissolution curves were evaluated shrinking core models for solid-fluid systems. It was observed that increase in the reaction temperature and decrease in the solid/liquid ratio causes an increase the dissolution rate of ulexite. The activation energy was found to be 63.4 kJ/mol. The leaching of ulexite was controlled by chemical reaction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ulexite" title="ulexite">ulexite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disodium%20hydrogen%20phosphate" title=" disodium hydrogen phosphate"> disodium hydrogen phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaching%20kinetics" title=" leaching kinetics"> leaching kinetics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27457/dissolution-leaching-kinetics-of-ulexite-in-disodium-hydrogen-phosphate-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27457.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7013</span> Studies on Partial Replacement of Cement by Rice Husk Ash under Sodium Phosphate Medium</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dharmana%20Pradeep">Dharmana Pradeep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandan%20Kumar%20Patnaikuni"> Chandan Kumar Patnaikuni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=N.%20V.%20S.%20Venugopal"> N. V. S. Venugopal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rice Husk Ash (RHA) is a green product contains carbon and also loaded with silica. For the development of durability and strength of any concrete, curing phenomenon shall be very important. In this communication, we reported the exposure of partial replacement of cement with RHA at different percentages of 0%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5% and 15% by weight under sodium phosphate curing atmosphere. The mix is designed for M40 grade concrete with the proportions of 1:2.2:3.72. The tests conducted on concrete was a compressive strength, and the specimens were cured in normal water & exposed to the chemical solution for 7, 28 & 56 days. For chemical curing 0.5% & 1% concentrated sodium phosphates were used and were compared with normal concrete strength results. The strength of specimens of 1% sodium phosphate exposure showed that the compressive strength decreased with increase in RHA percentages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rice%20husk%20ash" title="rice husk ash">rice husk ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compressive%20strength" title=" compressive strength"> compressive strength</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20phosphate" title=" sodium phosphate"> sodium phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curing" title=" curing"> curing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67999/studies-on-partial-replacement-of-cement-by-rice-husk-ash-under-sodium-phosphate-medium" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67999.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">345</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7012</span> Dissolution Leaching Kinetics of Ulexite in Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate Solutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emine%20Teke">Emine Teke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soner%20Ku%C5%9Flu"> Soner Kuşlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabri%20%C3%87olak"> Sabri Çolak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turan%20%C3%87alban"> Turan Çalban</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of the present study was to investigate the dissolution kinetics of ulexite in sodium dihydrogen phosphate in a mechanical agitation system and also to declare an alternative reactant to produce the boric acid. Reaction temperature, concentration of sodium dihydrogen phosphate, stirring speed, solid-liquid ratio, and ulexite particle size were selected as parameters. The experimental results were successfully correlated by using linear regression and a statistical program. Dissolution curves were evaluated in order to test the shrinking core models for solid-fluid systems. It was observed that increase in the reaction temperature and decrease in the solid/liquid ratio causes an increase in the dissolution rate of ulexite. The activation energy was found to be 36.4 kJ/mol. The leaching of ulexite was controlled by diffusion through the ash (or product) layer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ulexite" title="ulexite">ulexite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodium%20dihydrogen%20phosphate" title=" sodium dihydrogen phosphate"> sodium dihydrogen phosphate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leaching%20kinetics" title=" leaching kinetics"> leaching kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boron" title=" boron"> boron</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51920/dissolution-leaching-kinetics-of-ulexite-in-sodium-dihydrogen-phosphate-solutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51920.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">307</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7011</span> Optical and Structural Characterization of Rare Earth Doped Phosphate Glasses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z%C3%A9lia%20Maria%20Da%20Costa%20Ludwig">Zélia Maria Da Costa Ludwig</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Jos%C3%A9%20Valenzuela%20Bell"> Maria José Valenzuela Bell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Geraldo%20Henriques%20Da%20Silva"> Geraldo Henriques Da Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thales%20Alves%20Faraco"> Thales Alves Faraco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victor%20Rocha%20Da%20Silva"> Victor Rocha Da Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Rotmeister%20Teixeira"> Daniel Rotmeister Teixeira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V%C3%ADrgilio%20De%20Carvalho%20Dos%20Anjos"> Vírgilio De Carvalho Dos Anjos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valdemir%20Ludwig"> Valdemir Ludwig</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Advances in telecommunications grow with the development of optical amplifiers based on rare earth ions. The focus has been concentrated in silicate glasses although their amplified spontaneous emission is limited to a few tens of nanometers (~ 40nm). Recently, phosphate glasses have received great attention due to their potential application in optical data transmission, detection, sensors and laser detector, waveguide and optical fibers, besides its excellent physical properties such as high thermal expansion coefficients and low melting temperature. Compared with the silica glasses, phosphate glasses provide different optical properties such as, large transmission window of infrared, and good density. Research on the improvement of physical and chemical durability of phosphate glass by addition of heavy metals oxides in P2O5 has been performed. The addition of Na2O further improves the solubility of rare earths, while increasing the Al2O3 links in the P2O5 tetrahedral results in increased durability and aqueous transition temperature and a decrease of the coefficient of thermal expansion. This work describes the structural and spectroscopic characterization of a phosphate glass matrix doped with different Er (Erbium) concentrations. The phosphate glasses containing Er3+ ions have been prepared by melt technique. A study of the optical absorption, luminescence and lifetime was conducted in order to characterize the infrared emission of Er3+ ions at 1540 nm, due to the radiative transition 4I13/2 → 4I15/2. Our results indicate that the present glass is a quite good matrix for Er3+ ions, and the quantum efficiency of the 1540 nm emission was high. A quenching mechanism for the mentioned luminescence was not observed up to 2,0 mol% of Er concentration. The Judd-Ofelt parameters, radiative lifetime and quantum efficiency have been determined in order to evaluate the potential of Er3+ ions in new phosphate glass. The parameters follow the trend as Ω2 > Ω4 > Ω6. It is well known that the parameter Ω2 is an indication of the dominant covalent nature and/or structural changes in the vicinity of the ion (short range effects), while Ω4 and Ω6 intensity parameters are long range parameters that can be related to the bulk properties such as viscosity and rigidity of the glass. From the PL measurements, no red or green upconversion was measured when pumping the samples with laser excitation at 980 nm. As future prospects: Synthesize this glass system with silver in order to determine the influence of silver nanoparticles on the Er3+ ions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20glass" title="phosphate glass">phosphate glass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=erbium" title=" erbium"> erbium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=luminescence" title=" luminescence"> luminescence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glass%20system" title=" glass system"> glass system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27070/optical-and-structural-characterization-of-rare-earth-doped-phosphate-glasses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27070.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">510</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7010</span> Measurement of Radionuclide Concentrations and Study on Transfer from Soil to Plant in Sfax-Tunisia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonia%20Machraoui">Sonia Machraoui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salam%20Labidi"> Salam Labidi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karunakara%20Naregundi"> Karunakara Naregundi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Environmental radiation measurements are useful to identify areas of potential natural radiation hazard particularly in areas of phosphate industries where enhanced radiation levels are expected to be present. Measurements of primordial radionuclides concentrations have been carried out in samples collected from Sfax City around the SIAPE phosphate industry of Tunis. The samples analysed include fish, beef meat, egg, and vegetables as well as in soil and grass. Measurements were performed by gamma spectrometry method using a 42% relative efficiency N-type HPGe detector. The activity concentrations of radionuclides were measured by gamma ray spectrometry. As expected, the concentrations of radionuclides belonging to uranium and thorium series were low in food materials. In all the samples analysed, the 137Cs concentration was below detection level, except meat samples which showed the activity concentration of 2.4 Bq kg-1 (dry wt.) The soil to grass transfer factor was found to be similar to those reported in literature. The effective dose to the population due to intake of food products were also estimated and are presented in this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20doses" title="effective doses">effective doses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20industry" title=" phosphate industry"> phosphate industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transfer%20coefficients" title=" transfer coefficients"> transfer coefficients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tunisia" title=" Tunisia"> Tunisia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60366/measurement-of-radionuclide-concentrations-and-study-on-transfer-from-soil-to-plant-in-sfax-tunisia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60366.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7009</span> Reducing The Frequency of Flooding Accompanied by Low pH Wastewater In 100/200 Unit of Phosphate Fertilizer 1 Plant by Implementing The 3R Program (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pradipta%20Risang%20Ratna%20Sambawa">Pradipta Risang Ratna Sambawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Driya%20Herseta"> Driya Herseta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahendra%20Fajri%20Nugraha"> Mahendra Fajri Nugraha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 2020, PT Petrokimia Gresik implemented a program to increase the ROP (Run Of Pile) production rate at the Phosphate Fertilizer 1 plant, causing an increase in scrubbing water consumption in the 100/200 area unit. This increase in water consumption causes a higher discharge of wastewater, which can further cause local flooding, especially during the rainy season. The 100/200 area of the Phosphate Fertilizer 1 plant is close to the warehouse and is often a passing area for trucks transporting raw materials. This causes the pH in the wastewater to become acidic (the worst point is up to pH 1). The problem of flooding and exposure to acidic wastewater in the 100/200 area of Phosphate Fertilizer Plant 1 was then resolved by PT Petrokimia Gresik through wastewater optimization steps called the 3R program (Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle). The 3R (Reduce, reuse, and recycle) program consists of an air consumption reduction program by considering the liquid/gas ratio in scrubbing unit of 100/200 Phosphate Fertilizer 1 plant, creating a wastewater interconnection line so that wastewater from unit 100/200 can be used as scrubbing water in the Phonska 1, Phonska 2, Phonska 3 and unit 300 Phosphate Fertilizer 1 plant and increasing scrubbing effectiveness through scrubbing effectiveness simulations. Through a series of wastewater optimization programs, PT Petrokimia Gresik has succeeded in reducing NaOH consumption for neutralization up to 2,880 kg/day or equivalent in saving up to 314,359.76 dollars/year and reducing process water consumption up to 600 m3/day or equivalent in saving up to 63,739.62 dollars/year. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertilizer" title="fertilizer">fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20fertilizer" title=" phosphate fertilizer"> phosphate fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title=" wastewater treatment"> wastewater treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20management" title=" water management"> water management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188842/reducing-the-frequency-of-flooding-accompanied-by-low-ph-wastewater-in-100200-unit-of-phosphate-fertilizer-1-plant-by-implementing-the-3r-program-reduce-reuse-and-recycle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188842.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">26</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20use%20efficiency%20%28PUE%29&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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