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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy_and_industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy and industry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy_and_industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sports-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sports subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Basketball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basketball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Basketball</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basketball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Baseball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baseball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Baseball</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baseball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Racing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Racing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Racing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Racing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_communities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_communities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Major communities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_communities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> 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<div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Aguascalientes</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 93 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-93" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">93 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A3%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B3" title="ولاية أغواسكالينتس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ولاية أغواسكالينتس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_Istadu" title="Aguascalientes Istadu – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Aguascalientes Istadu" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_Chiu" title="Aguascalientes Chiu – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Aguascalientes Chiu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%81_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Агуаскальентэс (штат) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Агуаскальентэс (штат)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%81_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Агуаскальентэс (штат) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Агуаскальентэс (штат)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Агуаскалиентес – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Агуаскалиентес" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(stad)" title="Aguascalientes (stad) – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Aguascalientes (stad)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estat_d%27Aguascalientes" title="Estat d'Aguascalientes – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Estat d'Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado_de_Aguascalientes" title="Estado de Aguascalientes – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Estado de Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(st%C3%A1t)" title="Aguascalientes (stát) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Aguascalientes (stát)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(Bundesstaat)" title="Aguascalientes (Bundesstaat) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Aguascalientes (Bundesstaat)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientese_osariik" title="Aguascalientese osariik – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aguascalientese osariik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82_(%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Αγουασκαλιέντες (πολιτεία) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αγουασκαλιέντες (πολιτεία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B3" title="آگوئاسکالینتس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آگوئاسکالینتس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(%C3%89tat)" title="Aguascalientes (État) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aguascalientes (État)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(steat)" title="Aguascalientes (steat) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Aguascalientes (steat)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado_de_Aguascalientes" title="Estado de Aguascalientes – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Estado de Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EA%B3%BC%EC%8A%A4%EC%B9%BC%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%94%ED%85%8C%EC%8A%A4%EC%A3%BC" title="아과스칼리엔테스주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아과스칼리엔테스주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BD_(%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A3)" title="Ագուասկալիենտես (նահանգ) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ագուասկալիենտես (նահանգ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(negara_bagian)" title="Aguascalientes (negara bagian) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Aguascalientes (negara bagian)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Агуаскальентес (штат) – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Агуаскальентес (штат)" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(stato)" title="Aguascalientes (stato) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aguascalientes (stato)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%92%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A1_(%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94)" title="אגואסקליינטס (מדינה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אגואסקליינטס (מדינה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಅಗುಸ್ಕಲೆಂಟಿಸ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಗುಸ್ಕಲೆಂಟಿಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="აგუასკალიენტესის შტატი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აგუასკალიენტესის შტატი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(jimbo)" title="Aguascalientes (jimbo) – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Aguascalientes (jimbo)" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Агуаскальентес – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Агуаскальентес" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquae_Calidae_(civitas_Mexici)" title="Aquae Calidae (civitas Mexici) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aquae Calidae (civitas Mexici)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agvaskaljentesa" title="Agvaskaljentesa – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Agvaskaljentesa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agvaskaljentesas_(valstija)" title="Agvaskaljentesas (valstija) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Agvaskaljentesas (valstija)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(%C3%A1llam)" title="Aguascalientes (állam) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Aguascalientes (állam)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Агваскалиентес – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Агваскалиентес" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8" title="अग्वासकाल्येंतेस – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अग्वासकाल्येंतेस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="აგუასკალიენტესიშ შტატი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="აგუასკალიენტესიშ შტატი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B3" title="آگوئاسکالینتس – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="آگوئاسکالینتس" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(staat)" title="Aguascalientes (staat) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aguascalientes (staat)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B0%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86%E3%82%B9%E5%B7%9E" title="アグアスカリエンテス州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アグアスカリエンテス州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Агуаскальентес (штат) – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Агуаскальентес (штат)" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(Bundesstoot)" title="Aguascalientes (Bundesstoot) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Aguascalientes (Bundesstoot)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delstaten_Aguascalientes" title="Delstaten Aguascalientes – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Delstaten Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(estat)" title="Aguascalientes (estat) – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Aguascalientes (estat)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguaskalentes" title="Aguaskalentes – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Aguaskalentes" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%90%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8" title="ਆਗਵਾਸਕਾਲੀਐਂਤੇਸ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਗਵਾਸਕਾਲੀਐਂਤੇਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%B9%D8%B3" title="اکواسکالینٹس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اکواسکالینٹس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(stat_federal)" title="Aguascalientes (stat federal) – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Aguascalientes (stat federal)" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(estado)" title="Aguascalientes (estado) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aguascalientes (estado)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(stat)" title="Aguascalientes (stat) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Aguascalientes (stat)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Romansh" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="Romansh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_suyu" title="Aguascalientes suyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Aguascalientes suyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Агуаскальентес (штат) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Агуаскальентес (штат)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(%C5%A1t%C3%A1t)" title="Aguascalientes (štát) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Aguascalientes (štát)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81_(%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0)" title="Агваскалијентес (држава) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Агваскалијентес (држава)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81_(%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82)" title="Агваскальентес (штат) – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Агваскальентес (штат)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AA" title="รัฐอากวสกาเลียนเตส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รัฐอากวสกาเลียนเตส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%91%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Иёлати Агуаскалентес – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Иёлати Агуаскалентес" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%94%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Агуаскальєнтес – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Агуаскальєнтес" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%B9%D8%B3" title="آگوسکالینٹس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آگوسکالینٹس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(stato)" title="Aguascalientes (stato) – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Aguascalientes (stato)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Aguascalientes" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%93%9C%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E8%BF%9E%E7%89%B9%E6%96%AF%E5%B7%9E" title="阿瓜斯卡连特斯州 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿瓜斯卡连特斯州" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%93%9C%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E9%80%A3%E7%89%B9%E6%96%AF%E5%B7%9E" title="阿瓜斯卡連特斯州 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="阿瓜斯卡連特斯州" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%93%9C%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E9%80%A3%E7%89%B9%E6%96%AF%E5%B7%9E" title="阿瓜斯卡連特斯州 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿瓜斯卡連特斯州" data-language-autonym="中文" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Aguascalientes&params=22_03_N_102_18_W_region:MX-AGU_type:adm1st"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">22°03′N</span> <span class="longitude">102°18′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">22.050°N 102.300°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">22.050; -102.300</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">State of Mexico</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about a state of Mexico. For the city, see <a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes_(city)" title="Aguascalientes (city)">Aguascalientes (city)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Agua_Caliente_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Agua Caliente (disambiguation)">Agua Caliente</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_Spanish plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice skin-invert-image" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/50px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/75px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Translation_to_english_arrow.svg/100px-Translation_to_english_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size:100%; padding: 0px;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; padding-right: 3em; font-weight: normal; text-align: left">You can help <b>expand this article with text translated from <a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguascalientes" class="extiw" title="es:Aguascalientes">the corresponding article</a> in Spanish</b>.  <i><small>(January 2023)</small></i> <small>Click [show] for important translation instructions.</small></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>Machine translation, like <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deepl.com">DeepL</a> or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/">Google Translate</a>, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.</li> <li>Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.</li> <li>You <b>must</b> provide <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Copying_within_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Copying within Wikipedia">copyright attribution</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Help:Edit_summary" title="Help:Edit summary">edit summary</a> accompanying your translation by providing an <a href="/wiki/Help:Interlanguage_links" title="Help:Interlanguage links">interlanguage link</a> to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is <code>Content in this edit is translated from the existing Spanish Wikipedia article at [[:es:Aguascalientes]]; see its history for attribution.</code></li> <li>You may also add the template <code>{{Translated|es|Aguascalientes}}</code> to the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Aguascalientes" title="Talk:Aguascalientes">talk page</a>.</li> <li>For more guidance, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Translation" title="Wikipedia:Translation">Wikipedia:Translation</a>.</li></ul></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">State in Mexico</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Aguascalientes</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="States of Mexico">State</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span style="position:relative; bottom:0.2em;">Free and Sovereign State of Aguascalientes</span><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><i>Estado Libre y Soberano de Aguascalientes</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Mexican_Spanish" title="Mexican Spanish">Spanish</a>)</span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Catedral_de_Aguascalientes,_Aguascalientes,_Aguascalientes-_Aguascalientes_cathedral_(20232942553).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Aguascalientes Cathedral"><img alt="The Aguascalientes Cathedral" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Catedral_de_Aguascalientes%2C_Aguascalientes%2C_Aguascalientes-_Aguascalientes_cathedral_%2820232942553%29.jpg/250px-Catedral_de_Aguascalientes%2C_Aguascalientes%2C_Aguascalientes-_Aguascalientes_cathedral_%2820232942553%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Catedral_de_Aguascalientes%2C_Aguascalientes%2C_Aguascalientes-_Aguascalientes_cathedral_%2820232942553%29.jpg/375px-Catedral_de_Aguascalientes%2C_Aguascalientes%2C_Aguascalientes-_Aguascalientes_cathedral_%2820232942553%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Catedral_de_Aguascalientes%2C_Aguascalientes%2C_Aguascalientes-_Aguascalientes_cathedral_%2820232942553%29.jpg/500px-Catedral_de_Aguascalientes%2C_Aguascalientes%2C_Aguascalientes-_Aguascalientes_cathedral_%2820232942553%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3504" data-file-height="2336" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">The <a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes_Cathedral" title="Aguascalientes Cathedral">Aguascalientes Cathedral</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Aguascalientes.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Aguascalientes"><img alt="Coat of arms of Aguascalientes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Coat_of_arms_of_Aguascalientes.svg/80px-Coat_of_arms_of_Aguascalientes.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Coat_of_arms_of_Aguascalientes.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_Aguascalientes.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Coat_of_arms_of_Aguascalientes.svg/160px-Coat_of_arms_of_Aguascalientes.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="608" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Aguascalientes" title="Coat of arms of Aguascalientes">Coat of arms</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Bona Terra, Bona Gens, Aqua Clara, Clarum Caelum</i></span><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div><span style="font-size:85%;">("Good Earth, Good People, Clear Water, Clear Sky")</span></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Anthem: <a href="/wiki/Himno_de_Aguascalientes" title="Himno de Aguascalientes">Himno de Aguascalientes</a><br /><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span style="font-size:85%;">"Anthem of Aguascalientes"</span><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="142" data-mwtitle="Himno_en_Honor_de_Aguascalientes.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Himno_en_Honor_de_Aguascalientes.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/93/Himno_en_Honor_de_Aguascalientes.ogg/Himno_en_Honor_de_Aguascalientes.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aguascalientes_in_Mexico_(zoom).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="State of Aguascalientes within Mexico"><img alt="State of Aguascalientes within Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Aguascalientes_in_Mexico_%28zoom%29.svg/250px-Aguascalientes_in_Mexico_%28zoom%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Aguascalientes_in_Mexico_%28zoom%29.svg/375px-Aguascalientes_in_Mexico_%28zoom%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Aguascalientes_in_Mexico_%28zoom%29.svg/500px-Aguascalientes_in_Mexico_%28zoom%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2029" data-file-height="1326" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">State of Aguascalientes within Mexico</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Aguascalientes&params=22_03_N_102_18_W_region:MX-AGU_type:adm1st"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">22°03′N</span> <span class="longitude">102°18′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">22.050°N 102.300°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">22.050; -102.300</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital</a><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><span class="nobold">and <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Mexico" title="List of cities in Mexico">largest city</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes_(city)" title="Aguascalientes (city)">Aguascalientes</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Admission</a></th><td class="infobox-data">February 5, 1857<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Territorial_evolution_of_Mexico" title="Territorial evolution of Mexico">Order</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Territorial_evolution_of_Mexico" title="Territorial evolution of Mexico">24th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Aguascalientes" title="Governor of Aguascalientes">Governor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/23px-PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/35px-PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/46px-PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Teresa_Jim%C3%A9nez_Esquivel" title="María Teresa Jiménez Esquivel">María Teresa Jiménez Esquivel</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate of Mexico">Senators</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Labor_Party_(Mexico)" title="Labor Party (Mexico)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Worker%27s_Party_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/23px-Worker%27s_Party_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Worker%27s_Party_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/35px-Worker%27s_Party_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Worker%27s_Party_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/46px-Worker%27s_Party_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="470" data-file-height="471" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Martha_M%C3%A1rquez_Alvarado" title="Martha Márquez Alvarado">Martha Márquez Alvarado</a></li><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/23px-PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/35px-PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/46px-PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Juan_Antonio_Mart%C3%ADn_del_Campo" title="Juan Antonio Martín del Campo">Juan Antonio Martín del Campo</a></li><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Morena_(political_party)" title="Morena (political party)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Morena_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/23px-Morena_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Morena_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/35px-Morena_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Morena_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/46px-Morena_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Guti%C3%A9rrez_Castorena" title="Daniel Gutiérrez Castorena">Daniel Gutiérrez Castorena</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="Chamber of Deputies of Mexico">Deputies</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border:none; padding: 0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/LXV_Legislature_of_the_Mexican_Congress#Chamber_of_Deputies_2" title="LXV Legislature of the Mexican Congress">Federal Deputies</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/23px-PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/35px-PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/46px-PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Noel_Mata_Atilano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noel Mata Atilano (page does not exist)">Noel Mata Atilano</a> (<a href="/wiki/I_Federal_Electoral_District_of_Aguascalientes" class="mw-redirect" title="I Federal Electoral District of Aguascalientes">1st</a>)</span></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/23px-PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/35px-PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/46px-PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%B3nica_Becerra_Moreno&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mónica Becerra Moreno (page does not exist)">Mónica Becerra Moreno</a> (<a href="/wiki/II_Federal_Electoral_District_of_Aguascalientes" class="mw-redirect" title="II Federal Electoral District of Aguascalientes">2nd</a>)</span></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Action_Party_(Mexico)" title="National Action Party (Mexico)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/23px-PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/35px-PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg/46px-PAN_logo_%28Mexico%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paulo_Gonzalo_Mart%C3%ADnez_L%C3%B3pez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paulo Gonzalo Martínez López (page does not exist)">Paulo Gonzalo Martínez López</a> (<a href="/wiki/III_Federal_Electoral_District_of_Aguascalientes" class="mw-redirect" title="III Federal Electoral District of Aguascalientes">3rd</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">5,617.80 km<sup>2</sup> (2,169.04 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> </th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mexican_states_by_area" title="List of Mexican states by area">Ranked 29th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,050 m (10,010 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2020)<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,425,607</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mexican_states_by_population" title="List of Mexican states by population">27th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">250/km<sup>2</sup> (660/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">  • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mexican_states_by_population_density" title="List of Mexican states by population density">4th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Hidrocálido (a)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">GDP<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Total</th><td class="infobox-data">MXN 356 billion<br />(US$17.7 billion) (2022)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Per capita</th><td class="infobox-data">(US$12,028) (2022)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%926" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−6">UTC−6</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Time_Zone" title="Central Time Zone">CST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Mexico" title="Postal codes in Mexico">Postal code</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">20</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Area_code" class="mw-redirect" title="Area code">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left; border:none; padding: 0;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/Area_codes_in_Mexico_by_code_(400-499)" class="mw-redirect" title="Area codes in Mexico by code (400-499)">Area codes</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; text-align:left;display:none;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">• 449</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">• 465</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">• 495</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">MX-AGU</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.798 <span style="color:#0c0">high</span> <small><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mexican_states_by_HDI" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Mexican states by HDI">Ranked 8th of 32</a></small></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aguascalientes.gob.mx/">Official Web Site</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Aguascalientes</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> officially the <b>Free and Sovereign State of Aguascalientes</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is one of the 32 states which comprise the <a href="/wiki/Political_divisions_of_Mexico" class="mw-redirect" title="Political divisions of Mexico">Federal Entities</a> of <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>. At 22°N and with an average altitude of 1,950 m (6,400 ft) above sea level<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it is predominantly of <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" title="Semi-arid climate">semi-arid climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Bhs and Bhk</a>). The state is located in the northern part of the <a href="/wiki/Baj%C3%ADo" title="Bajío">Bajío</a> region, which is in the north-central part of the country, bordered by <a href="/wiki/Zacatecas" title="Zacatecas">Zacatecas</a> to the north, east and west, and by <a href="/wiki/Jalisco" title="Jalisco">Jalisco</a> to the south. </p><p>As of the 2020 census, Aguascalientes has a population of 1,425,607 inhabitants,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> most of whom live in its capital city, also named <a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes_(city)" title="Aguascalientes (city)">Aguascalientes</a>. Its name means "hot waters" and originated from the abundance of <a href="/wiki/Hot_springs" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot springs">hot springs</a> originally found in the area. The <a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">demonym</a> for the state's inhabitants is <i>hidrocálido</i> or <i>aguascalentense</i>. </p><p>Aguascalientes is one of the smallest states of Mexico, either by population or land, being the 27th most populated state and the 29th biggest state by area;<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> nonetheless, it is the 4th state by population density,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and its economic development in recent years have located it as the 7th state by Human Development Index<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the 8th with highest GDP per capita.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Aguascalientes was historically known for its former railroad and textile industry, as well as <a href="/wiki/Winemaking" title="Winemaking">wine making</a>, an industry that remains today. During the 2010s Aguascalientes became the fastest-growing state in the country for the whole decade.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aguascalientes is also well known for its <a href="/wiki/Feria_Nacional_de_San_Marcos" title="Feria Nacional de San Marcos">San Marcos Fair (Feria Nacional de San Marcos)</a>, the largest fair in Mexico and one of the largest in Latin America.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pinturas_rupestres_en_El_Ocote,_Aguascalientes_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Pinturas_rupestres_en_El_Ocote%2C_Aguascalientes_01.jpg/220px-Pinturas_rupestres_en_El_Ocote%2C_Aguascalientes_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Pinturas_rupestres_en_El_Ocote%2C_Aguascalientes_01.jpg/330px-Pinturas_rupestres_en_El_Ocote%2C_Aguascalientes_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Pinturas_rupestres_en_El_Ocote%2C_Aguascalientes_01.jpg/440px-Pinturas_rupestres_en_El_Ocote%2C_Aguascalientes_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Rock art at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=El_Ocote_(Aguascalientes)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El Ocote (Aguascalientes) (page does not exist)">El Ocote</a> archeological site.</figcaption></figure><p><a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-Columbian">Pre-Columbian</a> era arrowheads, potshards, and rock paintings in the caverns of the Sierra del Laurel and near the present village of Las Negritas testify to the presence of humans in this territory for more than 20,000 years.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Later in the colonial times, <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Alm%C3%ADndez_Chirino" title="Pedro Almíndez Chirino">Pedro Almíndez Chirino</a> was the first <a href="/wiki/Spaniard" class="mw-redirect" title="Spaniard">Spaniard</a> who entered the territory, perhaps by the end of 1530 or the beginning of 1531, following the instructions given by <a href="/wiki/Nu%C3%B1o_de_Guzm%C3%A1n" title="Nuño de Guzmán">Nuño de Guzmán</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Before the arrival of the <a href="/wiki/Conquistadores" class="mw-redirect" title="Conquistadores">Spaniards</a>, the territory of what is now the State of Aguascalientes was inhabited by <a href="/wiki/Chichimecas" class="mw-redirect" title="Chichimecas">Chichimecas</a>, who made the territory difficult to access. In fact, the total occupation of the lands of El Bajío was a task that would take about two centuries. With respect to this, Viceroy <a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_de_Velasco" class="mw-redirect" title="Luís de Velasco">Luís de Velasco</a> offered municipal benefits to those who established settlements to confront the Chichimeca. And for his part, Viceroy <a href="/wiki/Gaston_de_Peralta" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaston de Peralta">Gastón de Peralta</a> decided to confront them directly, which did not end with good results.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><br /> </p><p> It was in order to be in the territory that is presently the state inhabited by Chichimecas, the so-called Guachichiles, that the conquistadors built several forts or presidios.</p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ruinas,_La_Quemada_-_panoramio_(4).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Ruinas%2C_La_Quemada_-_panoramio_%284%29.jpg/220px-Ruinas%2C_La_Quemada_-_panoramio_%284%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Ruinas%2C_La_Quemada_-_panoramio_%284%29.jpg/330px-Ruinas%2C_La_Quemada_-_panoramio_%284%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Ruinas%2C_La_Quemada_-_panoramio_%284%29.jpg/440px-Ruinas%2C_La_Quemada_-_panoramio_%284%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Prehispanic city of <a href="/wiki/La_Quemada" title="La Quemada">La Quemada</a>, Zacatecas, near Aguascalientes.</figcaption></figure> <p>This was a system devised by <a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_Enr%C3%ADquez_de_Almanza" title="Martín Enríquez de Almanza">Martín Enríquez de Almanza</a> following the strategy that had been developing in Spain throughout the Reconquista period. Therefore, in order to protect the Camino de la Plata,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which stretched between <a href="/wiki/Zacatecas" title="Zacatecas">Zacatecas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a>, three presidios [garrisoned fortifications] founded by the Indian fighter Juan Domínguez, were to be created, which were: the presidio at Las Bocas, later called Las Bocas de Gallardo, situated on the border of Aguascalientes, in what was the jurisdiction of the mayor of <a href="/wiki/Teocaltiche" title="Teocaltiche">Teocaltiche</a>, presently the border of Aguascalientes and Zacatecas; the presidio at Palmillas, which was located near what is now Tepezalá; and the Ciénega Grande presidio, established around 1570. The latter was located on what are now Moctezuma and Victoria Streets, although some historians place it on the Calle 5 de Mayo (once the Camino Real) at Moctezuma, just in front of the Plaza de Armas. This was a fortress whose purpose was the protection of the Valle de los Romero and the road to Zacatecas, entering this way to secure the passage of convoys loaded with <a href="/wiki/Silver" title="Silver">silver</a> and other metals. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Templo_de_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_Bel%C3%A9n_en_Real_de_Asientos.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Templo_de_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_Bel%C3%A9n_en_Real_de_Asientos.jpg/220px-Templo_de_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_Bel%C3%A9n_en_Real_de_Asientos.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Templo_de_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_Bel%C3%A9n_en_Real_de_Asientos.jpg/330px-Templo_de_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_Bel%C3%A9n_en_Real_de_Asientos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Templo_de_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_Bel%C3%A9n_en_Real_de_Asientos.jpg/440px-Templo_de_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_Bel%C3%A9n_en_Real_de_Asientos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3873" data-file-height="2582" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pueblos_M%C3%A1gicos" title="Pueblos Mágicos">Pueblo mágico</a> of <a href="/wiki/Asientos" title="Asientos">Real de Asientos</a>, founded as a mining town in northern Aguascalientes by conquistador Diego de Ibarra in 1548.</figcaption></figure> <p>The founding of Aguascalientes as a town came from the order that <a href="/wiki/King_Felipe_II" class="mw-redirect" title="King Felipe II">King Felipe II</a> gave the judge of the court of Nueva Galicia, Don <a href="/w/index.php?title=Geronimo_de_Orozco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geronimo de Orozco (page does not exist)">Gerónimo de Orozco</a>, in which he stated that he should look for a rich man to settle in the territory with the purpose of expelling the Chichimecas and of assuring safe passage. Gerónimo de Orozco, following that order, looked for someone who would accept the king's order and found a man named <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juan_de_Montoro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juan de Montoro (page does not exist)">Juan de Montoro</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the city of <a href="/wiki/Lagos_de_Moreno" title="Lagos de Moreno">Santa María de los Lagos</a>. He accepted the assignment and, accompanied by eleven other people, headed to the territory and thus founded the town of Aguas Calientes on October 22, 1575. It has been noted that it was called San Marcos originally, changing its name on August 18, 1611, to the Villa of Our Lady of the Assumption of Aguas Calientes. And finally, from June 2, 1875, it was called the Villa of Our Lady of the Assumption of Aguas Calientes; later changing to the city of Aguascalientes, which remains its name today.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the act of its establishment, the Villa de San Marcos (Aguascalientes) was awarded the highest mayoral jurisdiction under the Kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Nueva_Galicia" title="Nueva Galicia">New Galicia</a>. As of December 4, 1786, on the occasion of the issuance of the "Ordinance of Mayors", it became a quartermaster sub-delegation. </p><p>On April 24, 1789, by order of the Superior Board of Royal Property, the sub-delegation of Aguascalientes became a dependency of <a href="/wiki/Zacatecas" title="Zacatecas">Zacatecas</a>. </p><p> In the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_War_of_Independence" title="Mexican War of Independence">Mexican War of Independence</a>, in the territory which is today the state of Aguascalientes, the fires of independence were stoked by illustrious and courageous men such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Valentin_G%C3%B3mez_Far%C3%ADas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valentin Gómez Farías (page does not exist)">Valentin Gómez Farías</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rafael_Iriarte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rafael Iriarte (page does not exist)">Rafael Iriarte</a>, Rafael Vázquez, and Pedro Parga.</p><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mapa_de_Mexico_1865.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Mapa_de_Mexico_1865.PNG/200px-Mapa_de_Mexico_1865.PNG" decoding="async" width="200" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Mapa_de_Mexico_1865.PNG/300px-Mapa_de_Mexico_1865.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Mapa_de_Mexico_1865.PNG/400px-Mapa_de_Mexico_1865.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1669" data-file-height="1518" /></a><figcaption>Aguascalientes at its maximum territorial extent in 1865, under the government of <a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I_of_Mexico" title="Maximilian I of Mexico">Maximilian I of Habsburg</a>. The territory included what is known as <a href="/wiki/Los_Altos_de_Jalisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Los Altos de Jalisco">Los Altos de Jalisco</a>.</figcaption></figure><p>Confusion has arisen regarding the exact date when Aguascalientes formally separated from the territory of Zacatecas. By virtue of having, de facto, defeated the liberal government of Zacatecas by rising against the central government, president <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Lopez_de_Santa_Anna" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna">Antonio López de Santa Anna</a> passed through Aguascalientes, where he was well received by the people who had wanted to separate from Zacatecas for some time. Taking advantage of the independent souls of the Aguascalentenses, and by way of punishing Zacatecas for supporting the Revolution against them, by Federal <a href="/wiki/Decree" title="Decree">Decree</a> of General <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Lopez_de_Santa_Anna" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna">López de Santa Anna</a> dated May 23, 1835, in the third article; ordered that Aguascalientes to be separated from <a href="/wiki/Zacatecas" title="Zacatecas">Zacatecas</a> territory, without granting the territory any specific category, reinstating the appointment of the political boss, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pedro_Garcia_Rojas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pedro Garcia Rojas (page does not exist)">Pedro Garcia Rojas</a>. With respect to this, it must be mentioned that said order was not made official as it did not meet the legal requirements to take effect, since it was necessary that two thirds of each house, both <a href="/wiki/Senator" class="mw-redirect" title="Senator">Senators</a> and <a href="/wiki/Representative_democracy" title="Representative democracy">Representatives</a>, approved the order; furthermore it would be required that two thirds of the <a href="/wiki/Legislature" title="Legislature">legislatures</a> of the states also approved it. The second requirement not being completed, the <a href="/wiki/Constitution" title="Constitution">constitutional</a> congress convened again to develop the centralized constitution that would be known later as the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Laws" class="mw-redirect" title="Seven Laws">Seven Laws</a>. The constitution did not acknowledge Aguascalientes in the rank of <a href="/wiki/Ministry_(government_department)" title="Ministry (government department)">department</a>, but it saw fit to eliminate the <a href="/wiki/State_(polity)" title="State (polity)">states</a>, together with the federal regime, replacing the states with departments, and because of this it continued to belong to Zacatecas. What can be said, since in the local constitution of Zacatecas of 1825, Aguascalientes was contemplated as a member of said state. </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pancho_Villa,_el_presidente_provisional_Eulalio_Guti%C3%A9rrez_y_Emiliano_Zapata.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Pancho_Villa%2C_el_presidente_provisional_Eulalio_Guti%C3%A9rrez_y_Emiliano_Zapata.jpg/220px-Pancho_Villa%2C_el_presidente_provisional_Eulalio_Guti%C3%A9rrez_y_Emiliano_Zapata.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Pancho_Villa%2C_el_presidente_provisional_Eulalio_Guti%C3%A9rrez_y_Emiliano_Zapata.jpg/330px-Pancho_Villa%2C_el_presidente_provisional_Eulalio_Guti%C3%A9rrez_y_Emiliano_Zapata.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Pancho_Villa%2C_el_presidente_provisional_Eulalio_Guti%C3%A9rrez_y_Emiliano_Zapata.jpg/440px-Pancho_Villa%2C_el_presidente_provisional_Eulalio_Guti%C3%A9rrez_y_Emiliano_Zapata.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="325" /></a><figcaption>Pancho Villa, Eulalio Gutiérrez y Emiliano Zapata after the <a href="/wiki/Convention_of_Aguascalientes" title="Convention of Aguascalientes">Revolutionary Convention of Aguascalientes</a>, 1914.</figcaption></figure> <p>It was general José Mariano Salas who, on August 5, 1846, announced the reestablishment of <a href="/wiki/Federalism" title="Federalism">federalism</a>, convening a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitutional_congress&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitutional congress (page does not exist)">constitutional congress</a> that declared current the <a href="/wiki/1824_Constitution_of_Mexico" title="1824 Constitution of Mexico">constitution of 1824</a>, but still didn't consider Aguascalientes as a state. Subsequently, on May 18, 1847, amendments were approved to the Constitution of 1824, but neither granted to Aguascalientes the status of a state. That brought about a war between Aguascalientes and Zacatecas, and as a consequence Zacatecas would strengthen the partitions, now municipalities, of Cavillo and Rincón de Romos. In July 1848, Aguascalientes accepted the peaceful annexation to Zacatecas; but continued making efforts to separate through Miguel García Rojas. It was not until December 10, 1853, that López de Santa Anna, using his extraordinary powers, issued a decree declaring Aguascalientes a department, based on the decrees of December 30, 1836, and June 30, 1838, without ever referring to the one from March 23, 1835. Finally, in the project that would be the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_1857" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of 1857">Constitution of 1857</a>, that was presented on June 16, 1856, Aguascalientes was included as a state in Article 43; it was passed unanimously by the 79 deputies present, ensuring the establishment of the state of Aguascalientes on December 10, 1856. On September 16, 1857, on the strength of said constitution, Lic. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jes%C3%BAs_Ter%C3%A1n_Peredo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesús Terán Peredo (page does not exist)">Jesús Terán Peredo</a> reclaimed his post as constitutional governor of the state. </p><p>In the independent state, hidrocálidos (people of Aguascalientes) Jesús R. Macías, Manuel Rangel, Augustín Orona, José María Arellano and many other anonymous heroes distinguished themselves in the <a href="/wiki/War_of_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="War of Reform">War of Reform</a>. </p><p>Silvestre Dorador, Román Morales, Pedro Vital, Alfonso Guerrero Aguilera and Alberto Fuentes Dávila were forerunners of the Revolution. The explosion of the Maderist movement embraced the cause in the company of some other compatriots, and the rebel action of the town and the region stayed formalized. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Aguascalientes" title="Special:EditPage/Aguascalientes">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Aguascalientes%22">"Aguascalientes"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Aguascalientes%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Aguascalientes%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Aguascalientes%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Aguascalientes%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Aguascalientes%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Atardecer_con_el_Cerro_del_muerto_desde_la_UAA_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Atardecer_con_el_Cerro_del_muerto_desde_la_UAA_02.jpg/220px-Atardecer_con_el_Cerro_del_muerto_desde_la_UAA_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Atardecer_con_el_Cerro_del_muerto_desde_la_UAA_02.jpg/330px-Atardecer_con_el_Cerro_del_muerto_desde_la_UAA_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Atardecer_con_el_Cerro_del_muerto_desde_la_UAA_02.jpg/440px-Atardecer_con_el_Cerro_del_muerto_desde_la_UAA_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Local mountain range as seen from Aguascalientes.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edificio_del_Instituto_Nacional_de_Estad%C3%ADstica,_Geograf%C3%ADa_e_Inform%C3%A1tica.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Edificio_del_Instituto_Nacional_de_Estad%C3%ADstica%2C_Geograf%C3%ADa_e_Inform%C3%A1tica.JPG/220px-Edificio_del_Instituto_Nacional_de_Estad%C3%ADstica%2C_Geograf%C3%ADa_e_Inform%C3%A1tica.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Edificio_del_Instituto_Nacional_de_Estad%C3%ADstica%2C_Geograf%C3%ADa_e_Inform%C3%A1tica.JPG/330px-Edificio_del_Instituto_Nacional_de_Estad%C3%ADstica%2C_Geograf%C3%ADa_e_Inform%C3%A1tica.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Edificio_del_Instituto_Nacional_de_Estad%C3%ADstica%2C_Geograf%C3%ADa_e_Inform%C3%A1tica.JPG/440px-Edificio_del_Instituto_Nacional_de_Estad%C3%ADstica%2C_Geograf%C3%ADa_e_Inform%C3%A1tica.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Headquarters of INEGI, the <a href="/wiki/National_Institute_of_Statistics_and_Geography" title="National Institute of Statistics and Geography">National Institute for Statistics and Geography</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The state is located about 480 km (300 mi) from <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a> in the macroregion of El Bajío, specifically the Bajío Occidental (western Bajío). </p><p>It covers 5,471 km<sup>2</sup> (2,112 sq mi), or 0.3% of the area of the country, and has a little more than one million inhabitants. Most of its inhabitants live in the densely populated metropolitan area of its capital city. </p><p>The state as it is now was created on October 27, 1857, when it was separated from <a href="/wiki/Zacatecas" title="Zacatecas">Zacatecas</a> after the tale says that the wife of the governor of the state promised to give a kiss to the President of the time, in exchange for the separation of Aguascalientes from Zacatecas, which explains the shape of a kiss the state has.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> It bears the name Aguascalientes taken from its largest city and capital also called Aguascalientes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The state mostly has a <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" title="Semi-arid climate">semi-arid climate</a>, with an exception in the northwestern part of the state with the <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Fr%C3%ADa" title="Sierra Fría">Sierra Fría</a> mountain range having a temperate highland climate. It also brings large amounts of rain that eventually flows into one of the states reservoir. <sup id="cite_ref-INEGIclima_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INEGIclima-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mean annual temperature of the state is around 17 to 18 °C (62.6 to 64.4 °F) in which May and June are the hottest months with mean temperatures between 22 and 23 °C (71.6 and 73.4 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-INEGIclima_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INEGIclima-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gobclima_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gobclima-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In these months, temperatures can exceed 30 °C (86.0 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-INEGIclima_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INEGIclima-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> January is the coldest month, averaging 13 to 14 °C (55.4 to 57.2 °F) with temperatures dropping down to 4 °C (39.2 °F).<sup id="cite_ref-INEGIclima_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INEGIclima-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gobclima_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gobclima-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Frosts frequently occur from November to February. Mean rainfall is low, averaging 526 mm (20.7 in) and is mostly concentrated in summer with winters being dry.<sup id="cite_ref-INEGIclima_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-INEGIclima-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Aguascalientes" title="Demographics of Aguascalientes">Demographics of Aguascalientes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Aguascalientes" title="Municipalities of Aguascalientes">Municipalities of Aguascalientes</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1219497266">.mw-parser-output .largestCities-table-background{background:#f9f9f9;color:#222}.mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#f0f0f0;color:#222}</style> <div> <table style="font-size:88%;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; width: 100%; border: 1px solid darkgray;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10" style="padding:0.3em 0.75em;"><div style="float:right; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div><div style="float:left; width:6em; height:2.6em"> </div> <div style="height:2.6em;line-height:1.3em;"><span style="font-size:110%;">Largest cities or towns in Aguascalientes</span><br /><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;">Source:<sup id="cite_ref-AGUASCALIENTESINEGI_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AGUASCALIENTESINEGI-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th>Rank </th> <th> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Aguascalientes" title="Municipalities of Aguascalientes">Municipality</a> </th> <th>Pop. </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Centro_comercial_Altaria_Aguascalientes_Mexico_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aguascalientes"><img alt="Aguascalientes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Centro_comercial_Altaria_Aguascalientes_Mexico_3.jpg/120px-Centro_comercial_Altaria_Aguascalientes_Mexico_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Centro_comercial_Altaria_Aguascalientes_Mexico_3.jpg/180px-Centro_comercial_Altaria_Aguascalientes_Mexico_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Centro_comercial_Altaria_Aguascalientes_Mexico_3.jpg/240px-Centro_comercial_Altaria_Aguascalientes_Mexico_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2992" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes_(city)" title="Aguascalientes (city)">Aguascalientes</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:San_Telmo-Aguascalientes-M%C3%A9xico.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jesús María"><img alt="Jesús María" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/San_Telmo-Aguascalientes-M%C3%A9xico.jpg/120px-San_Telmo-Aguascalientes-M%C3%A9xico.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/San_Telmo-Aguascalientes-M%C3%A9xico.jpg/180px-San_Telmo-Aguascalientes-M%C3%A9xico.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/San_Telmo-Aguascalientes-M%C3%A9xico.jpg/240px-San_Telmo-Aguascalientes-M%C3%A9xico.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Mar%C3%ADa,_Aguascalientes" title="Jesús María, Aguascalientes">Jesús María</a> </td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes_(city)" title="Aguascalientes (city)">Aguascalientes</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes_Municipality" title="Aguascalientes Municipality"> Aguascalientes</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">934,424 </td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Las_nubes_de_la_esquina.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Pabellón de Arteaga"><img alt="Pabellón de Arteaga" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Las_nubes_de_la_esquina.JPG/120px-Las_nubes_de_la_esquina.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Las_nubes_de_la_esquina.JPG/180px-Las_nubes_de_la_esquina.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Las_nubes_de_la_esquina.JPG/240px-Las_nubes_de_la_esquina.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Pabell%C3%B3n_de_Arteaga" title="Pabellón de Arteaga">Pabellón de Arteaga</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Palacio_municipal_de_Rinc%C3%B3n_de_Romos,_Ags._01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rincón de Romos"><img alt="Rincón de Romos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Palacio_municipal_de_Rinc%C3%B3n_de_Romos%2C_Ags._01.jpg/120px-Palacio_municipal_de_Rinc%C3%B3n_de_Romos%2C_Ags._01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Palacio_municipal_de_Rinc%C3%B3n_de_Romos%2C_Ags._01.jpg/180px-Palacio_municipal_de_Rinc%C3%B3n_de_Romos%2C_Ags._01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Palacio_municipal_de_Rinc%C3%B3n_de_Romos%2C_Ags._01.jpg/240px-Palacio_municipal_de_Rinc%C3%B3n_de_Romos%2C_Ags._01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Rinc%C3%B3n_de_Romos" title="Rincón de Romos">Rincón de Romos</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Mar%C3%ADa,_Aguascalientes" title="Jesús María, Aguascalientes">Jesús María</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Mar%C3%ADa_Municipality" title="Jesús María Municipality"> Jesús María</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">129,929 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Pabell%C3%B3n_de_Arteaga" title="Pabellón de Arteaga">Pabellón de Arteaga</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Pabell%C3%B3n_de_Arteaga_Municipality" title="Pabellón de Arteaga Municipality"> Pabellón de Arteaga</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">32,035 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Rinc%C3%B3n_de_Romos" title="Rincón de Romos">Rincón de Romos</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Rinc%C3%B3n_de_Romos" title="Rincón de Romos">Rincón de Romos</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">31,963 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Calvillo" title="Calvillo">Calvillo</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Calvillo_Municipality" title="Calvillo Municipality"> Calvillo</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">21,049 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_de_los_Romo" title="San Francisco de los Romo">San Francisco de los Romo</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_de_los_Romo" title="San Francisco de los Romo">San Francisco de los Romo</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">18,709 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jes%C3%BAs_G%C3%B3mez_Portugal,_Aguascalientes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesús Gómez Portugal, Aguascalientes (page does not exist)">Jesús Gómez Portugal</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Mar%C3%ADa_Municipality" title="Jesús María Municipality"> Jesús María</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">12,646 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fraccionamiento_La_Ribera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fraccionamiento La Ribera (page does not exist)">Fraccionamiento La Ribera</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_de_los_Romo" title="San Francisco de los Romo">San Francisco de los Romo</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">12,162 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Pocitos,_Aguascalientes" title="Pocitos, Aguascalientes">Pocitos</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes_Municipality" title="Aguascalientes Municipality"> Aguascalientes</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">8,494 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ojocalientes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ojocalientes (page does not exist)">Ojocalientes</a></td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Calvillo_Municipality" title="Calvillo Municipality"> Calvillo</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">7,318 </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1895 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">104,693</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1900 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">102,416</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−2.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1910 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">120,511</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+17.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1921 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">107,581</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−10.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1930 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">132,900</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+23.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1940 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">161,693</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+21.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1950 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">226,965</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+40.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1960 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">243,363</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+7.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1970 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">338,142</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+38.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1980 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">519,439</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+53.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1990 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">719,659</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+38.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1995 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">862,720</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+19.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2000 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">944,285</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+9.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2005 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,065,416</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+12.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">2010 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,184,996</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+11.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2015 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,312,544</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+10.8%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left"><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="notheme barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Religion in Aguascalientes (2010 census)<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Roman Catholicism</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:blue; width:93.0%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">93.0%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Other Christian</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:purple; width:4.4%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">4.4%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Other Religion</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:red; width:0.0%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.0%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Irreligion" title="Irreligion">No religion</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:green; width:1.8%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">1.8%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Unspecified</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:orange; width:0.8%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.8%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_and_politics">Government and politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Government and politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Government">Government</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Aguascalientes" title="Municipalities of Aguascalientes">Municipalities of Aguascalientes</a></div> <p><b>Aguascalientes is subdivided into 11 <i><a href="/wiki/Municipio_(Mexico)" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipio (Mexico)">municipios</a></i> ("<a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">municipalities</a>").</b> </p> <table style="float: right;"> <tbody><tr> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center; background:#d8edff;"> <th><a href="/wiki/INEGI" class="mw-redirect" title="INEGI">INEGI</a> code </th> <th>Municipality </th> <th>Municipal Seat </th> <th>Area (km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th>Population (2020) </th></tr> <tr> <td>001</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes_Municipality" title="Aguascalientes Municipality">Aguascalientes</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes,_Aguascalientes" class="mw-redirect" title="Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes">Aguascalientes</a></td> <td>1178.85</td> <td>948,990 </td></tr> <tr> <td>002</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asientos_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Asientos Municipality">Asientos</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Asientos,_Aguascalientes" class="mw-redirect" title="Asientos, Aguascalientes">Asientos</a></td> <td>547.22</td> <td>51,536 </td></tr> <tr> <td>003</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Calvillo_Municipality" title="Calvillo Municipality">Calvillo</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Calvillo,_Aguascalientes" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvillo, Aguascalientes">Calvillo</a></td> <td>932.62</td> <td>58,250 </td></tr> <tr> <td>004</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cos%C3%ADo_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosío Municipality">Cosío</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cos%C3%ADo,_Aguascalientes" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosío, Aguascalientes">Cosío</a></td> <td>129.21</td> <td>17,000 </td></tr> <tr> <td>005</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Mar%C3%ADa_Municipality" title="Jesús María Municipality">Jesús María</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Mar%C3%ADa,_Aguascalientes" title="Jesús María, Aguascalientes">Jesús María</a></td> <td>506.32</td> <td>129,929 </td></tr> <tr> <td>006</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pabell%C3%B3n_de_Arteaga_Municipality" title="Pabellón de Arteaga Municipality">Pabellón de Arteaga</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pabell%C3%B3n_de_Arteaga" title="Pabellón de Arteaga">Pabellón de Arteaga</a></td> <td>199.72</td> <td>47,646 </td></tr> <tr> <td>007</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rinc%C3%B3n_de_Romos_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Rincón de Romos Municipality">Rincón de Romos</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rinc%C3%B3n_de_Romos" title="Rincón de Romos">Rincón de Romos</a></td> <td>376.77</td> <td>57,369 </td></tr> <tr> <td>008</td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Jos%C3%A9_de_Gracia_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="San José de Gracia Municipality">San José de Gracia</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Jos%C3%A9_de_Gracia,_Aguascalientes" title="San José de Gracia, Aguascalientes">San José de Gracia</a></td> <td>866.08</td> <td>9,552 </td></tr> <tr> <td>009</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tepezal%C3%A1_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Tepezalá Municipality">Tepezalá</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tepezal%C3%A1" title="Tepezalá">Tepezalá</a></td> <td>231.70</td> <td>22,485 </td></tr> <tr> <td>010</td> <td><a href="/wiki/El_Llano,_Aguascalientes" title="El Llano, Aguascalientes">El Llano</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Palo_Alto_(Aguascalientes)" class="mw-redirect" title="Palo Alto (Aguascalientes)">Palo Alto</a></td> <td>509.77</td> <td>20,853 </td></tr> <tr> <td>011</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Municipality_of_San_Francisco_de_los_Romo" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipality of San Francisco de los Romo">San Francisco de los Romo</a>  </td> <td><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_de_los_Romo" title="San Francisco de los Romo">San Francisco de los Romo</a>  </td> <td>139.54</td> <td>61,997 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy_and_industry">Economy and industry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Economy and industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vi%C3%B1edos_Leal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Vi%C3%B1edos_Leal.jpg/220px-Vi%C3%B1edos_Leal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Vi%C3%B1edos_Leal.jpg/330px-Vi%C3%B1edos_Leal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Vi%C3%B1edos_Leal.jpg/440px-Vi%C3%B1edos_Leal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="3592" /></a><figcaption>Vineyards in Aguascalientes.</figcaption></figure> <p>This state originated around the times of colonial Spanish influence. It is located in the middle of the country and is now beginning to make a name for itself as an industrial power within Mexico. The state was once a major silver miner and a major source of railroad transportation, the latter due to its strategic location, midway between the three most populous areas, namely <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guadalajara,_Jalisco" class="mw-redirect" title="Guadalajara, Jalisco">Guadalajara</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Monterrey" title="Monterrey">Monterrey</a>. </p><p>Today, Mexico's fast growing car industry is especially important in this state. There are two <a href="/wiki/Nissan" title="Nissan">Nissan</a> factories in Aguascalientes which together produce more than half a million cars per year.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/wiki/Infiniti" title="Infiniti">Infiniti</a> may build a plant to make vehicles like the QX30.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In the rural area, Aguascalientes was once the largest national producer of <a href="/wiki/Grapes" class="mw-redirect" title="Grapes">grapes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mexico_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexico wine">wines</a>. This tradition ceased gradually due to the Spanish Royalty's wishes that grape and wine production be limited to the mother country. Thanks to the influx of immigrants into Mexico, the wineries and vineyards remain and flourish. <a href="/wiki/Guava" title="Guava">Guavas</a> are also produced in the state, specifically in the municipality of Calvillo. This county is one of the richest counties in Aguascalientes. </p><p>There are several projects for economic development such as: the Financial District Río San Pedro, a monorail, a suburban train, the construction of the newest and most modern WTC in Mexico, over four shopping malls, two theme parks, two Executive Hotels and one whose qualification is five stars, eight bridges for the next five years, a Financial District around the Airport, A <a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments" title="Texas Instruments">Texas Instruments</a> Assembly-Test Plant, A Nissan Assembly plant, a <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a> assembly plant and several others projects place Aguascalientes as the third most competitive state in Mexico with more than US$12,000,000 in <a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment" title="Foreign direct investment">foreign direct investment</a> per year (around 8 percent of Mexico's FDI) even though its population is just about 1.03 percent of the country. </p><p>However, recently it has also benefited from heavier <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Mexico" title="Tourism in Mexico">tourism</a>, since the capital city has gained prestige and status as a national destination for its colonial beauty and cleanliness. In addition, the <a href="/wiki/Haciendas" class="mw-redirect" title="Haciendas">haciendas</a> and baths around the state have historic and recreational importance. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fachada_del_Museo_Espacio_en_Aguascalientes_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Fachada_del_Museo_Espacio_en_Aguascalientes_2.jpg/220px-Fachada_del_Museo_Espacio_en_Aguascalientes_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Fachada_del_Museo_Espacio_en_Aguascalientes_2.jpg/330px-Fachada_del_Museo_Espacio_en_Aguascalientes_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Fachada_del_Museo_Espacio_en_Aguascalientes_2.jpg/440px-Fachada_del_Museo_Espacio_en_Aguascalientes_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>The Museo Espacio of the MECA (Macroespacio para la Cultura y las Artes), housed in a former <a href="/wiki/Railway_workshop" title="Railway workshop">railway workshop</a>. The 86 <a href="/wiki/Hectare" title="Hectare">hectare</a> MECA complex is composed of museums, a library, auditorium, former industrial buildings and sports facilities.</figcaption></figure> <p>Although this state is not often billed as a tourist center, international visitors, as well as citizens from all over Mexico, are attracted to <a href="/wiki/San_Marcos_Fair" class="mw-redirect" title="San Marcos Fair">San Marcos Fair</a>, which is considered the national fair of Mexico<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and contributes much to Mexico's economy. </p><p>Recently, its capital city has gained the reputation as a great destination for its superb colonial architecture visible in the colonial center, as well as the modernity and dynamism in the outskirts. </p><p>The city is home to <a href="/wiki/Lic._Jes%C3%BAs_Ter%C3%A1n_Peredo_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Lic. Jesús Terán Peredo International Airport">Lic. Jesús Terán Peredo International Airport</a>, where 9 flights per day depart to <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tijuana" title="Tijuana">Tijuana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dallas/Fort_Worth" class="mw-redirect" title="Dallas/Fort Worth">Dallas/Fort Worth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city also hosts many conventions every year. It benefits from its excellent central location. The city is also famed for its environment of relaxation, and for its safety and cleanliness, as it is often described by people when traveling to this part of the country for conventions or tourism. </p><p>Most tourists go to the capital. A few tourists explore the former mining towns in the north of the state (in the municipalities of <a href="/wiki/Asientos" title="Asientos">Asientos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tepezal%C3%A1" title="Tepezalá">Tepezalá</a>), which are now almost ghost cities. The <a href="/wiki/Haciendas" class="mw-redirect" title="Haciendas">haciendas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hot_springs" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot springs">hot springs</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bathing" title="Bathing">baths</a> scattered around the state are also of historical and recreational relevance. </p><p>The municipality of <a href="/wiki/Calvillo" title="Calvillo">Calvillo</a> has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a>, The largest producer of guavas in Mexico,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it attracts some fans of watersports to its reservoirs. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm/220px--Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="10" data-mwtitle="Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes,_México_3.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes,_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm/Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm/Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm/Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm/Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm/Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm/Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm/Ferial_2023_Teatro_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_3.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Dance performance (Ferial) at the <a href="/wiki/Feria_Nacional_de_San_Marcos" title="Feria Nacional de San Marcos">National Fair of San Marcos</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The state has a Natural Protected Reserve in the higher mountains called <a href="/wiki/Sierra_Fr%C3%ADa" title="Sierra Fría">Sierra Fría</a>. Located at a height of 2,500 to 3,000 m (8,202 to 9,843 <a href="/wiki/Foot_(unit)" title="Foot (unit)">ft</a>) above sea level, it comprises oak and pine forests. Its attractions include observing exuberant landscape and wide ravines, in which, there are pumas, lynxes, boar, white-tailed deer, wild turkey, raccoons and many other animals. There are steep-sided cycle paths, camping and picnic areas as well as several hunting clubs. It is the mountain climate and fauna that attracts locals for camping activities. In winter, the temperature sometimes falls to −4.44 °C (24.01 °F) when the weather is poor. Usually, Sierra Fría is the only part of the state that gets snow during winter. </p><p>In the city of Aguascalientes one of the best sunsets in the world can be seen in Cerro del Muerto; the hill resembles the shape of a man lying down. The city of Aguascalientes is called "el corazón" which means "the heart" of Mexico because it lies in the middle of the country. This city is often considered, by its locals, to be one of the safest and cleanest in Mexico. Also, the city of Aguascalientes is known as "the land of the good people". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boca_de_T%C3%BAnel,_San_Jos%C3%A9_de_Gracia,_Aguascalientes,_M%C3%A9xico_5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Boca_de_T%C3%BAnel%2C_San_Jos%C3%A9_de_Gracia%2C_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_5.jpg/220px-Boca_de_T%C3%BAnel%2C_San_Jos%C3%A9_de_Gracia%2C_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Boca_de_T%C3%BAnel%2C_San_Jos%C3%A9_de_Gracia%2C_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_5.jpg/330px-Boca_de_T%C3%BAnel%2C_San_Jos%C3%A9_de_Gracia%2C_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Boca_de_T%C3%BAnel%2C_San_Jos%C3%A9_de_Gracia%2C_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_5.jpg/440px-Boca_de_T%C3%BAnel%2C_San_Jos%C3%A9_de_Gracia%2C_Aguascalientes%2C_M%C3%A9xico_5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3984" data-file-height="1840" /></a><figcaption>Boca de Túnel, climbing park at the <a href="/wiki/San_Jos%C3%A9_de_Gracia,_Aguascalientes" title="San José de Gracia, Aguascalientes">San José de Gracia</a> municipality.</figcaption></figure> <p>Club de Fútbol <a href="/wiki/Gallos_Hidroc%C3%A1lidos_de_Aguascalientes" title="Gallos Hidrocálidos de Aguascalientes">Gallos Hidrocálidos de Aguascalientes</a> was a <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> club from Aguascalientes, Mexico. </p><p>The club was founded in 1994, when <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_L%C3%B3pez_Monroy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salvador López Monroy (page does not exist)">Salvador López Monroy</a>, a restaurant business owner from <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bought a second division franchise which he relocated to Aguascalientes where there was no professional football club.<sup id="cite_ref-P24_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-P24-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The club played its last tournament in 2000-2001 when the Governor of Aguascalientes bought first division club <a href="/wiki/Necaxa" class="mw-redirect" title="Necaxa">Necaxa</a>, with its national following, and relocated it from Mexico City. Gallos de Aguascalientes was then sold to <a href="/wiki/C.D._Guadalajara" title="C.D. Guadalajara">Chivas</a>, which changed its name to <a href="/wiki/Club_Deportivo_Guadalajara_Reserves" class="mw-redirect" title="Club Deportivo Guadalajara Reserves">F.C. Tapatio de Guadalajara</a>, affiliated to Chivas.<sup id="cite_ref-P24_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-P24-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city is home to the soccer team <a href="/wiki/Club_Necaxa" title="Club Necaxa">Club Necaxa</a>, which plays in Mexican first division. The club left <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a> and relocated to Aguascalientes following the 2003 opening of <a href="/wiki/Estadio_Victoria" title="Estadio Victoria">Estadio Victoria</a>, which is now the club's home venue and one of the best stadiums in the country. </p><p>The state has one <a href="/wiki/Soccer" class="mw-redirect" title="Soccer">football</a> team in the Mexican Premiere League, <a href="/wiki/Club_Necaxa" title="Club Necaxa">Club Necaxa</a>, one professional <a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">baseball</a> team in the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_League" title="Mexican League">Mexican League</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rieleros_de_Aguascalientes" title="Rieleros de Aguascalientes">Rieleros de Aguascalientes</a> (The railroad men), and one professional <a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">basketball</a> team, <a href="/wiki/Panteras_de_Aguascalientes" title="Panteras de Aguascalientes">Panteras de Aguascalientes</a> (Aguascalientes Panthers) </p><p>In December 2009, Necaxa was represented on the field and played their final 2009 match within the <a href="/wiki/Primera_Divisi%C3%B3n_de_M%C3%A9xico" class="mw-redirect" title="Primera División de México">Primera División</a> (First Division) tier in the 2009 season after losing 1-0 vs Club América. Under the rules of regulation, Necaxa would not be able to participate in the First Division competition play in the fall 2009 and spring 2010 year. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Estadio_Victoria_Final_de_Ascenso_2015-16.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Estadio_Victoria_Final_de_Ascenso_2015-16.jpg/220px-Estadio_Victoria_Final_de_Ascenso_2015-16.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Estadio_Victoria_Final_de_Ascenso_2015-16.jpg/330px-Estadio_Victoria_Final_de_Ascenso_2015-16.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Estadio_Victoria_Final_de_Ascenso_2015-16.jpg/440px-Estadio_Victoria_Final_de_Ascenso_2015-16.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5344" data-file-height="3006" /></a><figcaption>Victoria Stadium, home of <a href="/wiki/Liga_MX" title="Liga MX">Liga MX</a> team <a href="/wiki/Club_Necaxa" title="Club Necaxa">Club Necaxa</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Necaxa's closing spring 2010 league performance had some accomplishments. They had an undefeated record at home throughout the fall 2009. In the spring 2010 campaign, Necaxa's only loss in the season came against F.C León, Necaxa faced this other soccer team on May 8, 2010, for the second leg of the Bicentennial Closing Spring Tournament of 2010. Necaxa won 4–2 on aggregate. Necaxa abandoned the Liga de Ascenso and returned to First Division fall 2010 season. As a result of this match Necaxa won the bi-championship in the Liga de Ascenso and First Promotion title in their franchise history. </p><p>On April 16, 2011, after a draw 1–1 with Atlante F.C., the club's first key game in 2011, Necaxa could not cumulate enough points in order to evade relegation. For a second time, Club Necaxa was relegated to the Liga de Ascenso, the second tier, for the 2011–2012 season. One of the biggest soccer to live Judith Ramírez played for this team from 2001 to 2017. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Basketball">Basketball</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Basketball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aguascalientes hosts the Panteras de Aguascalientes headquarters. This team plays in the Mexican Professional Basketball League. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Baseball">Baseball</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Baseball"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aguascalientes also hosts the baseball professional team Rieleros. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Racing">Racing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Racing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aguascalientes also has important racetracks for the car and motorbike races at a national and international level. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Mexico" title="List of newspapers in Mexico">Newspapers</a> of Aguascalientes include: Ahí, El Heraldo de Aguascalientes, El Sol del Centro de Aguascalientes, Hidrocálido, LJA, and Picacho Panorama de Aguascalientes.<sup id="cite_ref-SIC_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SIC-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Major_communities">Major communities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Major communities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes,_Aguascalientes" class="mw-redirect" title="Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes">Aguascalientes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asientos" title="Asientos">Asientos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvillo" title="Calvillo">Calvillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cos%C3%ADo,_Aguascalientes" class="mw-redirect" title="Cosío, Aguascalientes">Cosio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Mar%C3%ADa,_Aguascalientes" title="Jesús María, Aguascalientes">Jesús María</a></li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pabell%C3%B3n_de_Arteaga" title="Pabellón de Arteaga">Pabellón de Arteaga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinc%C3%B3n_de_Romos" title="Rincón de Romos">Rincón de Romos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_de_los_Romo" title="San Francisco de los Romo">San Francisco de los Romo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jos%C3%A9_de_Gracia,_Aguascalientes" title="San José de Gracia, Aguascalientes">San Jose de Gracia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tepezala" class="mw-redirect" title="Tepezala">Tepezala</a></li></ul> <p>  </p> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><i>See also articles in the category <a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Aguascalientes" title="Category:People from Aguascalientes">People from Aguascalientes</a></i></dd></dl> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MalgreToutDF.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Malgré tout, by José F. Contreras."><img alt="Malgré tout, by José F. Contreras." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/MalgreToutDF.JPG/120px-MalgreToutDF.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/MalgreToutDF.JPG/180px-MalgreToutDF.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/MalgreToutDF.JPG/240px-MalgreToutDF.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3758" data-file-height="1837" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Malgré tout, by <a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Fructuoso_Contreras" title="Jesús Fructuoso Contreras">José F. Contreras</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saturnino_Herr%C3%A1n_-_The_offering_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="La Ofrenda, by Saturnino Herrán."><img alt="La Ofrenda, by Saturnino Herrán." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Saturnino_Herr%C3%A1n_-_The_offering_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/120px-Saturnino_Herr%C3%A1n_-_The_offering_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Saturnino_Herr%C3%A1n_-_The_offering_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/180px-Saturnino_Herr%C3%A1n_-_The_offering_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Saturnino_Herr%C3%A1n_-_The_offering_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/240px-Saturnino_Herr%C3%A1n_-_The_offering_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5542" data-file-height="4902" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">La Ofrenda, by <a href="/wiki/Saturnino_Herr%C3%A1n" title="Saturnino Herrán">Saturnino Herrán</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Posada2.Catrina.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="La Catrina, by José Guadalupe Posada."><img alt="La Catrina, by José Guadalupe Posada." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Posada2.Catrina.jpeg/120px-Posada2.Catrina.jpeg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Posada2.Catrina.jpeg/180px-Posada2.Catrina.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Posada2.Catrina.jpeg/240px-Posada2.Catrina.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="956" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">La Catrina, by <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Guadalupe_Posada" title="José Guadalupe Posada">José Guadalupe Posada</a>.</div> </li> </ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Bocanegra" title="José María Bocanegra">José María Bocanegra</a>, third <a href="/wiki/President_of_Mexico" title="President of Mexico">President of Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yadhira_Carrillo" title="Yadhira Carrillo">Yadhira Carrillo</a>, Actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Fructuoso_Contreras" title="Jesús Fructuoso Contreras">Jesús Fructuoso Contreras</a>, Artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_C%C3%B3rdova" title="Sebastián Córdova">Sebastián Córdova</a>, Mexican soccer player who plays for <a href="/wiki/Liga_MX" title="Liga MX">Liga MX</a> club <a href="/wiki/Club_Am%C3%A9rica" title="Club América">Club América</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wendolly_Esparza" title="Wendolly Esparza">Wendolly Esparza</a>, American-born Mexican television personality best known for winning Miss Mexico 2014.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anabel_Ferreira" title="Anabel Ferreira">Anabel Ferreira</a>, Actress/Comedian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karina_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Karina González">Karina González</a>, Model and <a href="/wiki/Nuestra_Belleza_M%C3%A9xico_2011" title="Nuestra Belleza México 2011">Nuestra Belleza México 2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturnino_Herr%C3%A1n" title="Saturnino Herrán">Saturnino Herrán</a>, Artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Gerardo_M%C3%A9ndez" title="Luis Gerardo Méndez">Luis Gerardo Méndez</a>, Mexican Actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_Maria_Napoleon" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose Maria Napoleon">Jose Maria Napoleón</a>, Singer and composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriela_Palacio" title="Gabriela Palacio">Gabriela Palacio</a>, model and <a href="/wiki/Nuestra_Belleza_M%C3%A9xico_2010" title="Nuestra Belleza México 2010">Nuestra Belleza Mundo México 2010</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_M._Ponce" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuel M. Ponce">Manuel M. Ponce</a>, Musician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Guadalupe_Posada" title="José Guadalupe Posada">José Guadalupe Posada</a>, Artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violeta_Retamoza" title="Violeta Retamoza">Violeta Retamoza</a>, Professional golfer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Reynoso" title="David Reynoso">David Reynoso</a>, Actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armida_Vendrell" class="mw-redirect" title="Armida Vendrell">Armida Vendrell</a>, Actress, dancer, and vaudevillian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Yarbrough" title="William Yarbrough">William Yarbrough</a>, Mexican-born American soccer player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anita_Brenner" title="Anita Brenner">Anita Brenner</a>, Jewish-Mexican writer, artist and anthropologist</li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Spanish pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="es-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish" title="Help:IPA/Spanish">[ˌaɣwaskaˈljentes]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/7\/7b\/Aguascalientes.ogg\/Aguascalientes.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Aguascalientes.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/7b/Aguascalientes.ogg/Aguascalientes.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Aguascalientes.ogg" title="File:Aguascalientes.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>; <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Hot Waters</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Estado Libre y Soberano de Aguascalientes</i></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100411140738/http://www.yucatan.gob.mx/servicios/c_civico/fechas.jsp?mes=2">"Gobierno del Estado de Yucatán"</a> (in Spanish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yucatan.gob.mx/servicios/c_civico/fechas.jsp?mes=2">the original</a> on 2010-04-11.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Gobierno+del+Estado+de+Yucat%C3%A1n&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.yucatan.gob.mx%2Fservicios%2Fc_civico%2Ffechas.jsp%3Fmes%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAguascalientes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.senado.gob.mx/index.php?ver=int&mn=4&sm=4&id=2">"Senadores por Aguascalientes LXI Legislatura"</a> (in Spanish). Senado de la Republica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181224193312/http://www.senado.gob.mx/index.php?ver=int&mn=4&sm=4&id=2%20">Archived</a> from the original on December 24, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 20,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Senadores+por+Aguascalientes+LXI+Legislatura&rft.pub=Senado+de+la+Republica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.senado.gob.mx%2Findex.php%3Fver%3Dint%26mn%3D4%26sm%3D4%26id%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAguascalientes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181224193306/http://sitl.diputados.gob.mx/LXI_leg/listado_diputados_gpnp.php?tipot=Edo&edot=32%20">"Listado de Diputados por Grupo Parlamentario del Estado de Aguascalientes"</a> (in Spanish). Camara de Diputados. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sitl.diputados.gob.mx/LXI_leg/listado_diputados_gpnp.php?tipot=Edo&edot=32">the original</a> on December 24, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 19,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Listado+de+Diputados+por+Grupo+Parlamentario+del+Estado+de+Aguascalientes&rft.pub=Camara+de+Diputados&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsitl.diputados.gob.mx%2FLXI_leg%2Flistado_diputados_gpnp.php%3Ftipot%3DEdo%26edot%3D32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAguascalientes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100906042840/http://cuentame.inegi.gob.mx/monografias/informacion/ags/default.aspx?tema=me&e=01">"Superficie"</a> (in Spanish). Cuentame INEGI. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cuentame.inegi.gob.mx/monografias/informacion/ags/default.aspx?tema=me&e=01">the original</a> on September 6, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 12,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Superficie&rft.pub=Cuentame+INEGI&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcuentame.inegi.gob.mx%2Fmonografias%2Finformacion%2Fags%2Fdefault.aspx%3Ftema%3Dme%26e%3D01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAguascalientes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110723192608/http://cuentame.inegi.gob.mx/monografias/informacion/ags/territorio/relieve.aspx?tema=me&e=01">"Relieve"</a> (in Spanish). Cuentame INEGI. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 8,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Encuesta+Intercensal+2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.inegi.org.mx%2Fest%2Fcontenidos%2Fproyectos%2Fencuestas%2Fhogares%2Fespeciales%2Fei2015%2Fdoc%2Feic_2015_presentacion.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAguascalientes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCitibanamex2023" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Citibanamex (June 13, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.banamex.com/sitios/analisis-financiero/pdf/revistas//IRAE/IRAE2023.pdf">"Indicadores Regionales de Actividad Económica 2023"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=globaldatalab.org&rft.atitle=Sub-national+HDI+%E2%80%93+Subnational+HDI+%E2%80%93+Global+Data+Lab&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobaldatalab.org%2Fshdi%2Fshdi%2FMEX%2F%3Finterpolation%3D0%26extrapolation%3D0%26nearest_real%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAguascalientes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mexicocomovamos.mx/encifrascomovamos.pdf"><i>En cifras, ¿cómo vamos? 2019</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Spanish). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Economista&rft.atitle=Aguascalientes%2C+con+el+mayor+crecimiento+econ%C3%B3mico+del+pa%C3%ADs&rft.aulast=Espinosa&rft.aufirst=Camila+Ayala&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eleconomista.com.mx%2Festados%2FAguascalientes-con-el-mayor-crecimiento-economico-del-pais-20191209-0122.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAguascalientes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mexiconewsdaily.com/news/one-of-worlds-10-largest-fairs/">"Aguascalientes prepares for one of world's 10 largest fairs"</a>. <i>Mexico News Daily</i>. 2019-04-17. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200725004029/https://mexiconewsdaily.com/news/one-of-worlds-10-largest-fairs/">Archived</a> from the original on July 25, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mexico+News+Daily&rft.atitle=Aguascalientes+prepares+for+one+of+world%27s+10+largest+fairs&rft.date=2019-04-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmexiconewsdaily.com%2Fnews%2Fone-of-worlds-10-largest-fairs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAguascalientes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210311222255/https://donacholita.com.au/san-marcos-fair-aguascalientes/">"The San Marcos Fair in Aguascalientes – Doña Cholita Tortilleria"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://donacholita.com.au/san-marcos-fair-aguascalientes/">the original</a> on March 11, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+San+Marcos+Fair+in+Aguascalientes+%E2%80%93+Do%C3%B1a+Cholita+Tortilleria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdonacholita.com.au%2Fsan-marcos-fair-aguascalientes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAguascalientes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">La Guerra Chichimeca, POWELL, PHILIP W., Fondo de la Cultura Económica</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071018023641/http://bibliotecadigital.ilce.edu.mx/sites/estados/libros/aguas/html/sec_8.html">"La fundación de Aguascalientes"</a>. Archived from the original on October 18, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-06-17</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+fundaci%C3%B3n+de+Aguascalientes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbibliotecadigital.ilce.edu.mx%2Fsites%2Festados%2Flibros%2Faguas%2Fhtml%2Fsec_8.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAguascalientes" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Evolución Constitucional del Estado de Aguascalientes, José Alfredo Muñoz Delgado, Ed. Piqueta.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-INEGIclima-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-INEGIclima_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-INEGIclima_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-INEGIclima_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-INEGIclima_20-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-INEGIclima_20-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cuentame.inegi.org.mx/monografias/informacion/ags/territorio/clima.aspx?tema=me&e=01">"Clima"</a>. <i>Información por entidad</i> (in Spanish). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 1,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Informaci%C3%B3n+por+entidad&rft.atitle=Clima&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cuentame.inegi.org.mx%2Fmonografias%2Finformacion%2Fags%2Fterritorio%2Fclima.aspx%3Ftema%3Dme%26e%3D01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAguascalientes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gobclima-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gobclima_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gobclima_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aguascalientes.gob.mx/estado/Clima.aspx">"Clima"</a> (in Spanish). 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aeropuertosgap.com.mx/Index.html">the original</a> on 2009-02-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-03-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Grupo+Aeroportuario+del+Pacifo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faeropuertosgap.com.mx%2FIndex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAguascalientes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBucur2009" class="citation web cs1">Bucur, Diodora (2009-12-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mexconnect.com/articles/3559-december-guava-fair-in-calvillo-aguascalientes">"December guava fair in Calvillo, Aguascalientes : Mexico Travel"</a>. Mexconnect.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201024204912/https://www.mexconnect.com/articles/3559-december-guava-fair-in-calvillo-aguascalientes/">Archived</a> from the original on October 24, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Pagina 24. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pagina24.com.mx/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3170&catid=46&Itemid=93">the original</a> on 19 February 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Desmienten+Regreso+de+los+Gallos+de+Aguascalientes+al+Futbol+Profesional&rft.pub=Pagina+24&rft.date=2012-07-31&rft.au=Garc%C3%ADa+Esparza%2C+Karla+Lizbeth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pagina24.com.mx%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D3170%26catid%3D46%26Itemid%3D93&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAguascalientes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SIC-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SIC_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200307192728/https://sic.gob.mx/lista.php?table=impresos&disciplina=&estado_id=1">"Publicaciones periódicas en Aguascalientes"</a>. <i>Sistema de Información Cultural</i> (in Spanish). Gobierno de Mexico. 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US: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Texas_at_San_Antonio_Libraries" title="University of Texas at San Antonio Libraries">University of Texas at San Antonio Libraries</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libguides.utsa.edu/latamnews">the original</a> on March 7, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Research+Guides&rft.atitle=Latin+American+%26+Mexican+Online+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibguides.utsa.edu%2Flatamnews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAguascalientes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aguascalientes&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Aguascalientes_(state)#Q79952" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Aguascalientes (state)">Aguascalientes (state)</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Aguascalientes" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Aguascalientes">Aguascalientes</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> Geographic data related to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/2610002">Aguascalientes</a> at <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span>—<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aguascalientes.gob.mx">Estado de Aguascalientes</a> — <i>state government website</i>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100315082530/http://travelaguascalientes.com/">Aravelaguascalientes.com: Aguascalientes tourism website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/technopal/sets/72157594560209012/">Flickr: photo set of the City of Aguascalientes</a> — <i>in Aguascalientes state</i>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aguascalientesmexico.info">Fotos y Mensajes de Aguascalientes</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Aguascalientes" title="Template:Aguascalientes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Aguascalientes" title="Template talk:Aguascalientes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Aguascalientes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Aguascalientes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Aguascalientes&#124;link=Aguascalientes_State_of_Aguascalientes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes" title="Aguascalientes"><img alt="Aguascalientes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Aguascalientes.svg/23px-Flag_of_Aguascalientes.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Aguascalientes.svg/35px-Flag_of_Aguascalientes.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Aguascalientes.svg/46px-Flag_of_Aguascalientes.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="293" /></a></span></span> State of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Aguascalientes</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes_(city)" title="Aguascalientes (city)">Aguascalientes City</a> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Aguascalientes" title="Municipalities of Aguascalientes">Municipalities <br />(and<br />municipal seats)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes_Municipality" title="Aguascalientes Municipality">Aguascalientes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Aguascalientes_(city)" title="Aguascalientes (city)">Aguascalientes</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asientos" title="Asientos">Asientos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Asientos" title="Asientos">Asientos</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calvillo_Municipality" title="Calvillo Municipality">Calvillo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Calvillo" title="Calvillo">Calvillo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cos%C3%ADo" title="Cosío">Cosío</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cos%C3%ADo" title="Cosío">Cosío</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Mar%C3%ADa_Municipality" title="Jesús María Municipality">Jesús María</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Mar%C3%ADa,_Aguascalientes" title="Jesús María, Aguascalientes">Jesús María</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Llano,_Aguascalientes" title="El Llano, Aguascalientes">El Llano</a> (<a href="/wiki/Palo_Alto,_Aguascalientes" title="Palo Alto, Aguascalientes">Palo Alto</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pabell%C3%B3n_de_Arteaga_Municipality" title="Pabellón de Arteaga Municipality">Pabellón de Arteaga</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pabell%C3%B3n_de_Arteaga" title="Pabellón de Arteaga">Pabellón de Arteaga</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rinc%C3%B3n_de_Romos_Municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Rincón de Romos Municipality">Rincón de Romos</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rinc%C3%B3n_de_Romos" title="Rincón de Romos">Rincón de Romos</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_de_los_Romo" title="San Francisco de los Romo">San Francisco de los Romo</a> (<a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_de_los_Romo" title="San Francisco de los Romo">San Francisco de los Romo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Jos%C3%A9_de_Gracia,_Aguascalientes" title="San José de Gracia, Aguascalientes">San José de Gracia</a> (<a href="/wiki/San_Jos%C3%A9_de_Gracia,_Aguascalientes" title="San José de Gracia, Aguascalientes">San José de Gracia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tepezal%C3%A1" title="Tepezalá">Tepezalá</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tepezal%C3%A1" title="Tepezalá">Tepezalá</a>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aguascalientes_en_M%C3%A9xico.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Aguascalientes_en_M%C3%A9xico.svg/100px-Aguascalientes_en_M%C3%A9xico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Aguascalientes_en_M%C3%A9xico.svg/150px-Aguascalientes_en_M%C3%A9xico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Aguascalientes_en_M%C3%A9xico.svg/200px-Aguascalientes_en_M%C3%A9xico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="974" data-file-height="654" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Aguascalientes" title="Category:Aguascalientes">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="States_of_Mexico" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:States_of_Mexico" title="Template:States of Mexico"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:States_of_Mexico" title="Template talk:States of Mexico"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:States_of_Mexico" title="Special:EditPage/Template:States of Mexico"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="States_of_Mexico" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_of_Mexico" title="List of states of Mexico">States of Mexico</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Aguascalientes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baja_California" title="Baja California">Baja California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baja_California_Sur" title="Baja California Sur">Baja California Sur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campeche" title="Campeche">Campeche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiapas" title="Chiapas">Chiapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chihuahua_(state)" title="Chihuahua (state)">Chihuahua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coahuila" title="Coahuila">Coahuila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colima" title="Colima">Colima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durango" title="Durango">Durango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanajuato" title="Guanajuato">Guanajuato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrero" title="Guerrero">Guerrero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hidalgo_(state)" title="Hidalgo (state)">Hidalgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalisco" title="Jalisco">Jalisco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_Mexico" title="State of Mexico">México</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michoac%C3%A1n" title="Michoacán">Michoacán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morelos" title="Morelos">Morelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayarit" title="Nayarit">Nayarit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Le%C3%B3n" title="Nuevo León">Nuevo León</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oaxaca" title="Oaxaca">Oaxaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puebla" title="Puebla">Puebla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quer%C3%A9taro" title="Querétaro">Querétaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintana_Roo" title="Quintana Roo">Quintana Roo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Potos%C3%AD" title="San Luis Potosí">San Luis Potosí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinaloa" title="Sinaloa">Sinaloa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonora" title="Sonora">Sonora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabasco" title="Tabasco">Tabasco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamaulipas" title="Tamaulipas">Tamaulipas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tlaxcala" title="Tlaxcala">Tlaxcala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veracruz" title="Veracruz">Veracruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Yucatán">Yucatán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zacatecas" title="Zacatecas">Zacatecas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="American_Capitals_of_Culture" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:American_Capital_of_Culture" title="Template:American Capital of Culture"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:American_Capital_of_Culture" title="Template talk:American Capital of Culture"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:American_Capital_of_Culture" title="Special:EditPage/Template:American Capital of Culture"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="American_Capitals_of_Culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/American_Capital_of_Culture" title="American Capital of Culture">American Capitals of Culture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">2000</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Mérida, Yucatán">Mérida</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2001</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Iquique" title="Iquique">Iquique</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2002</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Macei%C3%B3" title="Maceió">Maceió</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2003</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Panama_City" title="Panama City">Panama City</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Curitiba" title="Curitiba">Curitiba</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2004</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Santiago" title="Santiago">Santiago</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2005</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Guadalajara" title="Guadalajara">Guadalajara</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2006</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba,_Argentina" title="Córdoba, Argentina">Córdoba</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2007</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cusco" title="Cusco">Cusco</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2008</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bras%C3%ADlia" title="Brasília">Brasília</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2009</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Asunci%C3%B3n" title="Asunción">Asunción</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2010</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Santo_Domingo" title="Santo Domingo">Santo Domingo</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2011</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Quito" title="Quito">Quito</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2012</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Lu%C3%ADs,_Maranh%C3%A3o" title="São Luís, Maranhão">São Luís</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2013</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Barranquilla" title="Barranquilla">Barranquilla</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2014</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Colima" title="Colima">Colima</a> (state)</dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2015</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mayag%C3%BCez,_Puerto_Rico" title="Mayagüez, Puerto Rico">Mayagüez</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2016</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Valdivia" title="Valdivia">Valdivia</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2017</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Mérida, Yucatán">Mérida</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2018</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Anzo%C3%A1tegui" title="Anzoátegui">Anzoátegui</a> (state)</dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2019</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/San_Miguel_de_Allende" title="San Miguel de Allende">San Miguel de Allende</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2020</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Punta_Arenas" title="Punta Arenas">Punta Arenas</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2021</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Zacatecas" title="Zacatecas">Zacatecas</a> (state)</dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2022</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ibagu%C3%A9" title="Ibagué">Ibagué</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2023</span></dt> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Aguascalientes</a> (state)</dd> <dt><span class="nobold">2024</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nayarit" title="Nayarit">Nayarit</a> (state)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79952#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79952#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79952#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/135372934">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PCjxCtHFP9jfk9CMGmQqc8y">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/136031-0">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80139670">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Aguascalientes (Mexiko : stát)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge754016&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX452903">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007562072105171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/3d3f20a7-c043-4ee6-92f3-fd365dbb7b6f">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10037235">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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