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Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges - Wikipedia

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interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jules-Henri_Vernoy_de_Saint-Georges" title="Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jules-Henri_Vernoy_de_Saint-Georges" title="Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Vernoy_de_Saint-Georges" title="Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges" 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Jules_Henri_Vernoy_de_St_Georges_date_unknown.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Jules_Henri_Vernoy_de_St_Georges_date_unknown.JPG/220px-Jules_Henri_Vernoy_de_St_Georges_date_unknown.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Jules_Henri_Vernoy_de_St_Georges_date_unknown.JPG/330px-Jules_Henri_Vernoy_de_St_Georges_date_unknown.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Jules_Henri_Vernoy_de_St_Georges_date_unknown.JPG/440px-Jules_Henri_Vernoy_de_St_Georges_date_unknown.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1724" data-file-height="2234" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges</b> (7 November 1799 – 23 December 1875) was a <a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_France" title="Theatre of France">French playwright</a>, who was born and died in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>. He was one of the most prolific <a href="/wiki/Libretto" title="Libretto">librettists</a> of the 19th century, often working in collaboration with others.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Saint-Georges' first work, <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Saint-Louis ou les deux dîners</i></span> (1823), a <a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die_en_vaudeville" class="mw-redirect" title="Comédie en vaudeville">comédie en vaudeville</a> written in collaboration with Alexandre Tardif, was followed by a series of operas and ballets. In 1829 he became manager of the <a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra-Comique" title="Opéra-Comique">Opéra-Comique</a> at Paris.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among Saint-Georges' more famous libretti are: the ballet <i><a href="/wiki/Giselle" title="Giselle">Giselle</a></i> (with <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_Gautier" title="Théophile Gautier">Théophile Gautier</a>) (1841), the opera <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/L%27%C3%A9clair" class="mw-redirect" title="L&#39;éclair">L'éclair</a></i></span> (1835) for <a href="/wiki/Fromental_Hal%C3%A9vy" title="Fromental Halévy">Halévy</a>, the opera <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/La_fille_du_r%C3%A9giment" title="La fille du régiment">La fille du régiment</a></i></span> (with <a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Bayard" title="Jean-François Bayard">Jean-François Bayard</a>) (1840) for <a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Donizetti" title="Gaetano Donizetti">Donizetti</a>, and the opera <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/La_jolie_fille_de_Perth" title="La jolie fille de Perth">La jolie fille de Perth</a></i></span> for <a href="/wiki/Georges_Bizet" title="Georges Bizet">Georges Bizet</a>. Virtually all his opera libretti are for <a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_comique" title="Opéra comique">opéras comiques</a>, although <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/La_reine_de_Chypre" title="La reine de Chypre">La reine de Chypre</a></i></span> (1841), for <a href="/wiki/Fromental_Hal%C3%A9vy" title="Fromental Halévy">Halévy</a>, was a <a href="/wiki/Grand_opera" title="Grand opera">grand opera</a>. </p><p>In all Saint-Georges wrote over seventy stage pieces in collaboration with <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Scribe" title="Eugène Scribe">Eugène Scribe</a> and other authors.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> He also wrote novels, including <span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Un Mariage de prince</i></span>. </p><p>Saint-Georges was notably old-fashioned in his approach, typically depending on highly improbable coincidences and <a href="/wiki/Twist_ending" class="mw-redirect" title="Twist ending">twists</a> with little attempt at convincing characterisation. His tastes were reflected in his personal affectation of 18th-century costume and manners in his everyday life. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jules-Henri_Vernoy_de_Saint-Georges&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Librettos">Librettos</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jules-Henri_Vernoy_de_Saint-Georges&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Librettos"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Bourgeois de Reims</i></span>, one-act opéra comique, with <a href="/wiki/Constant_M%C3%A9nissier" title="Constant Ménissier">Constant Ménissier</a>, music by <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Joseph_F%C3%A9tis" title="François-Joseph Fétis">François-Joseph Fétis</a>, Paris, <a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra-Comique" title="Opéra-Comique">Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique</a>, 7 June 1825</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Louis XII, ou la Route de Reims</i></span>, three-act opéra comique, with Joseph-François-Stanislas Maizony de Lauréal, music by <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart" title="Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart">Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart</a>, Théâtre de l'Odéon, 7 June 1825</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">L'Artisan</i></span>, one-act opéra comique, music by <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Fromental_Hal%C3%A9vy" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacques Fromental Halévy">Jacques Fromental Halévy</a>, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 30 January 1827</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Roi et le batelier</i></span>, one-act opéra comique, music by <a href="/wiki/Victor_Rifaut" title="Victor Rifaut">Victor Rifaut</a> and Jacques Fromental Halévy, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 3 November 1827</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Pierre et Catherine</i></span>, one-act opéra-comique, music by <a href="/wiki/Adolphe_Adam" title="Adolphe Adam">Adolphe Adam</a>, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 18 July 1829</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Jenny</i></span>, three-act opéra-comique, music by <a href="/wiki/Michele_Enrico_Carafa" class="mw-redirect" title="Michele Enrico Carafa">Michele Enrico Carafa</a>, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 24 September 1829</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Ludovic</i></span>, drame lyrique in 2 actes, music by <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_H%C3%A9rold" title="Ferdinand Hérold">Ferdinand Hérold</a> and Jacques-Fromental Halévy, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 16 May 1833</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">La Sentinelle perdue</i></span>, one-act opéra comique, music by Victor Rifaut, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 9 December 1834</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">La Marquise</i></span>, one-act opéra comique, with <a href="/wiki/Adolphe_de_Leuven" title="Adolphe de Leuven">Adolphe de Leuven</a>, music by Adolphe Adam, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 28 February 1835</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">L'Éclair</i></span>, three-act opéra comique, with <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_de_Planard" title="Eugène de Planard">Eugène de Planard</a>, music by Jacques-Fromental Halévy, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 16 December 1835</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Luthier de Vienne</i></span>, one-act opéra comique, with Adolphe de Leuven, music by <a href="/wiki/Hippolyte_Monpou" title="Hippolyte Monpou">Hippolyte Monpou</a>, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 30 June 1836</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">L'Ambassadrice</i></span>, three-act opéra comique, by <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Scribe" title="Eugène Scribe">Eugène Scribe</a>, music by Daniel-François-Esprit Auber, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 21 December 1836</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Guise, ou les États de Blois</i></span>, drame lyrique in 3 acts, with <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_de_Planard" title="Eugène de Planard">Eugène de Planard</a>, music by <a href="/wiki/George_Onslow_(composer)" title="George Onslow (composer)">George Onslow</a>, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 8 September 1837</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Fidèle berger</i></span>, three-act opéra comique, with Eugène Scribe, music by Adolphe Adam, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 6 January 1838</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">La Gipsy</i></span>, ballet-pantomime in 3 acts and 5 tableaux, with <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Mazilier" title="Joseph Mazilier">Joseph Mazilier</a>, music by <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Benoist" title="François Benoist">François Benoist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ambroise_Thomas" title="Ambroise Thomas">Ambroise Thomas</a>, and Marco Aurelio Marliani, Théâtre de l'Opéra, 28 January 1839</li> <li><i>Le Planteur</i>, two-act opéra comique, music by Hippolyte Monpou, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 1 March 1839</li> <li><i>La Reine d'un jour</i>, three-act opéra comique, with Eugène Scribe, music by Adolphe Adam, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 19 September 1839</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=La_Filleule_des_f%C3%A9es&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="La Filleule des fées (page does not exist)">La Filleule des fées</a></i>, ballet-féerie in 3 acts and 7 tableaux with prologue and apotheosis, with <a href="/wiki/Jules_Perrot" title="Jules Perrot">Jules Perrot</a>, music by <a href="/wiki/Adolphe_Adam" title="Adolphe Adam">Adolphe Adam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_Le_Peletier" class="mw-redirect" title="Opéra Le Peletier">Théâtre de l'Opéra</a>, 8 October 1849.</li> <li><i>La Symphonie, ou Maître Albert</i>, one-act opéra comique, music by <a href="/wiki/Louis_Clapisson" title="Louis Clapisson">Louis Clapisson</a>, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 12 October 1839</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Fille_du_r%C3%A9giment" class="mw-redirect" title="La Fille du régiment">La Fille du régiment</a></i>, two-act opéra comique, with <a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Bayard" title="Jean-François Bayard">Jean-François Bayard</a>, music by <a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Donizetti" title="Gaetano Donizetti">Gaetano Donizetti</a>, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 11 February 1840</li> <li><i>Zanetta, ou Il ne faut pas jouer avec le feu</i>, three-act opéra comique, with Eugène Scribe, music by <a href="/wiki/Daniel-Fran%C3%A7ois-Esprit_Auber" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel-François-Esprit Auber">Daniel-François-Esprit Auber</a>, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 18 May 1840</li> <li><i>L'Opéra à la cour</i>, opéra comique in 4 parts, with Eugène Scribe, music arranged by <a href="/wiki/Albert_Grisar" title="Albert Grisar">Albert Grisar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Adrien_Boieldieu" class="mw-redirect" title="François Adrien Boieldieu">François Adrien Boieldieu</a>, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 16 July 1840</li> <li><i>Le Diable amoureux</i>, ballet-pantomime in 3 acts and 8 tableaux, with Joseph Mazilier, music by François Benoist and <a href="/wiki/Henri_Reber" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri Reber">Henri Reber</a>, Académie royale de musique, 21 September 1840</li> <li><i>Les Diamants de la couronne</i>, three-act opéra comique, with Eugène Scribe, music by Daniel-François-Esprit Auber, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 6 March 1841</li> <li><i>Giselle, ou les Wilis</i>, ballet fantastique in 2 acts, with <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_Gautier" title="Théophile Gautier">Théophile Gautier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jean_Coralli" title="Jean Coralli">Jean Coralli</a>, music by Adolphe Adam, Académie royale de musique, 28 June 1841</li> <li><i>L'Aïeule</i>, one-act opéra comique, music by François Adrien Boieldieu, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 17 August 1841</li> <li><i>La Reine de Chypre</i>, five-act opera, music by Jacques-Fromental Halévy, Académie royale de musique, 22 December 1841</li> <li><i>La Jolie Fille de Gand</i>, ballet-pantomime in three acts and nine tableaux, music by Adolphe Adam, Académie royale de musique, 22 June 1842</li> <li><i>L'Esclave du Camoëns</i>, one-act opéra-comique, music by <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_von_Flotow" title="Friedrich von Flotow">Friedrich von Flotow</a>, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 1 December 1843</li> <li><i>Cagliostro</i>, three-act opéra comique, with Eugène Scribe, music by Adolphe Adam, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 10 February 1844</li> <li><i>Lady Henriette, ou la Servante de Greenwich</i>, ballet-pantomime in 3 acts and 9 tableaux, with Joseph Mazilier, music by Friedrich von Flotow, <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Burgm%C3%BCller" title="Friedrich Burgmüller">Friedrich Burgmüller</a> and Ernest Deldevèze, Paris, Académie royale de musique, 22 February 1844</li> <li><i>Le Lazzarone, ou Le bien vient en dormant</i>, opera in 2 acts, music by Jacques Fromental Halévy, Académie royale de musique, 29 March 1844</li> <li><i>Wallace</i>, three-act opéra comique, music by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Simon_Catel" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Simon Catel">Charles Simon Catel</a>, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 4 December 1844</li> <li><i>Les Mousquetaires de la Reine</i>, three-act opéra comique, music by Jacques Fromental Halévy, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 3 February 1846</li> <li><i>L'Âme en peine</i>, opéra-ballet fantastique in 2 acts, music by Friedrich von Flotow, Théâtre de l'Opéra, 29 June 1846</li> <li><i>Le Val d'Andorre</i>, three-act opéra comique, music by Jacques-Fromental Halévy, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 11 November 1848</li> <li><i>La Fée aux roses</i>, opéra comique, three-act <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9erie" title="Féerie">féerie</a>, with Eugène Scribe, music by Jacques-Fromental Halévy, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 1 October 1849</li> <li><i>Le Fanal</i>, two-act opera, music by Adolphe Adam, Théâtre de l'Opéra, 24 December 1849</li> <li><i>La Serafina, ou l'Occasion fait le larron</i>, one-act opéra comique, with <a href="/wiki/Henri_Dupin" title="Henri Dupin">Henri Dupin</a>, music by M. de Saint-Julien, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 16 August 1851</li> <li><i>Le Château de la Barbe-bleue</i>, three-act opéra comique, music by <a href="/wiki/Armand_Limnander" title="Armand Limnander">Armand Limnander</a>, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 1 December 1851</li> <li><i>La Fille de Pharaon</i>, grand ballet in three acts and eight tableaux with prologue and epilogue, St-Petersburg, Grand théâtre Impérial, 18 January 1852</li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr">Le Carillonneur de Bruges</i></span>, three-act opéra comique, music by <a href="/wiki/Albert_Grisar" title="Albert Grisar">Albert Grisar</a>, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 20 February 1852</li> <li><i>Le Juif errant</i>, five-act opera, with Eugène Scribe, music by Jacques Fromental Halévy, Théâtre de l'Opéra, 23 April 1852</li> <li><i>Les Amours du diable</i>, opéra-féerie in 4 acts, 9 tableaux, music by Albert Grisar, Théâtre-Lyrique, 13 March 1853</li> <li><i>Le Nabab</i>, three-act opéra comique, with Eugène Scribe, music by Jacques-Fromental Halévy, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 1 September 1853</li> <li><i>Jaguarita l'indienne</i>, three-act opéra comique, with Adolphe de Leuven, music by Jacques Fromental Halévy, Théâtre-Lyrique, 14 May 1855</li> <li><i>Falstaff</i>, one-act opéra-comique, with <a href="/wiki/Adolphe_de_Leuven" title="Adolphe de Leuven">Adolphe de Leuven</a>, after <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Merry_Wives_of_Windsor" title="The Merry Wives of Windsor">The Merry Wives of Windsor</a></i>, music by <a href="/wiki/Adolphe_Adam" title="Adolphe Adam">Adolphe Adam</a>, 18 January 1856<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Le Corsaire</i>, ballet-pantomime in 3 acts, after <a href="/wiki/George_Gordon_Byron" class="mw-redirect" title="George Gordon Byron">Lord Byron</a>, with Joseph Mazilier, music by Adolphe Adam, Théâtre de l'Opéra, 23 January 1856</li> <li><i>La Fanchonnette</i>, three-act opéra comique, with Adolphe de Leuven, music by Louis Clapisson, Théâtre-Lyrique, 1 March 1856</li> <li><i>Les Elfes</i>, ballet fantastique in 3 acts, with Joseph Mazilier, music by <a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%B2_Gabrielli" title="Nicolò Gabrielli">Nicolò Gabrielli</a>, Théâtre de l'Opéra, 11 August 1856</li> <li><i>La Rose de Florence</i>, two-act opera, music by Emanuele Biletta, Théâtre de l'Académie impériale de musique, 10 November 1856</li> <li><i>Le Sylphe</i>, two-act opéra comique, music by Louis Clapisson, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 27 November 1856</li> <li><i>Euryanthe</i>, three-act opera, libretto by <a href="/wiki/Helmina_von_Ch%C3%A9zy" title="Helmina von Chézy">Helmina von Chézy</a>, translation by Henri de Saint-Georges and Adolphe de Leuven, music by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Maria_von_Weber" title="Carl Maria von Weber">Carl Maria von Weber</a>, Théâtre-Lyrique, 1 September 1857</li> <li><i>Margot</i>, three-act opéra comique, with Adolphe de Leuven, music by Louis Clapisson, Théâtre-Lyrique, 5 November 1857</li> <li><i>La Magicienne</i>, five-act opera, music by Jacques Fromental Halévy, Théâtre de l'Opéra, 17 March 1858</li> <li><i>La Pagode</i>, two-act opéra comique, music by Antoine-François Fauconnier, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 20 September 1859</li> <li><i>Pierre de Médicis</i>, opera in 4 acts and 7 tableaux, with <a href="/wiki/%C3%89milien_Pacini" title="Émilien Pacini">Émilien Pacini</a>, music by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Poniatowski" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Poniatowski">Joseph Poniatowski</a>, Académie impériale de musique, 9 March 1860</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_papillon_(ballet)" title="Le papillon (ballet)">Le papillon</a></i>, ballet-pantomime in 2 acts and 4 tableaux, with <a href="/wiki/Marie_Taglioni" title="Marie Taglioni">Marie Taglioni</a>, music by <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Offenbach" title="Jacques Offenbach">Jacques Offenbach</a>, Théâtre de l'Opéra, 26 November 1860</li> <li><i>Maître Claude</i>, one-act opéra comique, with Adolphe de Leuven, music by Jules Cohen, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 19 March 1861</li> <li><i>Au travers du mur</i>, one-act opéra comique, music by Józef Poniatowski, Théâtre-Lyrique, 9 May 1861</li> <li><i>Le Joaillier de Saint-James</i>, three-act opéra comique, with Adolphe de Leuven, music byAlbert Grisar, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 17 February 1862</li> <li><i>La Fiancée du roi de Garbe</i>, opéra comique in 3 acts and 6 tableaux, with Eugène Scribe, music by Daniel-François-Esprit Auber, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 11 January 1864</li> <li><i>La Maschera, ou les Nuits de Venise</i>, ballet-pantomime in 3 acts and 6 tableaux, with Giuseppe Rota, music by Paolo Giorza, Théâtre de l'Opéra, 19 February 1864</li> <li><i>L'Aventurier</i>, four-act opéra comique, music by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Poniatowski" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Poniatowski">Joseph Poniatowski</a>, Théâtre-Lyrique, 26 January 1865</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Martha_(opera)" title="Martha (opera)">Martha</a></i>, opera in 4 acts and 6 tableaux, music by Friedrich von Flotow, Théâtre-Lyrique, 15 December 1865</li> <li><i>Zilda</i>, conte des mille et une nuits, two-act opéra comique, with <a href="/wiki/Henri_Chivot" title="Henri Chivot">Henri Chivot</a>, music by Friedrich von Flotow, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 28 May 1866</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Jolie_fille_de_Perth" class="mw-redirect" title="La Jolie fille de Perth">La Jolie fille de Perth</a></i>, opera in 4 acts and 5 tableaux, with <a href="/wiki/Jules_Adenis" title="Jules Adenis">Jules Adenis</a>, music by <a href="/wiki/Georges_Bizet" title="Georges Bizet">Georges Bizet</a>, Théâtre-Lyrique, 29 December 1867</li> <li><i>L'Ombre</i>, three-act opéra comique, music by Friedrich von Flotow, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 7 July 1870</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_Florentin_(opera)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Le Florentin (opera) (page does not exist)">Le Florentin</a></i>, three-act opéra comique, music by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Lenepveu" title="Charles Lenepveu">Charles Lenepveu</a>, Théâtre de l'Opéra-Comique, 25 February 1874</li> <li><i>Alma l'enchanteresse</i>, four-act opera, adapted to the Italian stage by Achille de Lauzières, music by Friedrich von Flotow, Théâtre des Italiens, 9 April 1878</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theatre">Theatre</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jules-Henri_Vernoy_de_Saint-Georges&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Theatre"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>L'Écarté, ou Un coin du salon</i>, tableau-vaudeville in 1 act, with <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Scribe" title="Eugène Scribe">Eugène Scribe</a> and <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9lesville" title="Mélesville">Mélesville</a>, <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_du_Gymnase_Marie_Bell" title="Théâtre du Gymnase Marie Bell">Théâtre du Gymnase</a>, 14 November 1822</li> <li><i>La Saint-Louis, ou les Deux dîners</i>, vaudeville in 1 act, with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexandre_Tardif&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexandre Tardif (page does not exist)">Alexandre Tardif</a>, Théâtre de Versailles, 25 August 1823</li> <li><i>L'Amour et l'appétit</i>, one-act comédie en vaudeville, with <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_de_Courcy" title="Frédéric de Courcy">Frédéric de Courcy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ida_Saint-Elme" class="mw-redirect" title="Ida Saint-Elme">Saint-Elme</a>, <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_la_Porte-Saint-Martin" class="mw-redirect" title="Théâtre de la Porte-Saint-Martin">Théâtre de la Porte-Saint-Martin</a>, 14 October 1823</li> <li><i>Monsieur Antoine, ou le N ̊ 2782</i>, vaudeville in 1 act, with <a href="/wiki/Francis_baron_d%27Allarde" title="Francis baron d&#39;Allarde">Francis baron d'Allarde</a> and <a href="/wiki/X._B._Saintine" title="X. B. Saintine">X. B. Saintine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_du_Vaudeville" title="Théâtre du Vaudeville">Théâtre du Vaudeville</a>, 17 May 1824</li> <li><i>Une journée aux Champs-Élysées</i>, one-act tableau mingled with vaudevilles, with <a href="/wiki/Constant_M%C3%A9nissier" title="Constant Ménissier">Constant Ménissier</a> and Léon Rabbe, <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_la_Ga%C3%AEt%C3%A9_(boulevard_du_Temple)" title="Théâtre de la Gaîté (boulevard du Temple)">Théâtre de la Gaîté</a>, 3 November 1824</li> <li><i>Les Recruteurs, ou la Fille du fermier</i>, two-act play, <a href="/wiki/Extravaganza" title="Extravaganza">extravaganza</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Franconi" title="Antonio Franconi">Antonio Franconi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Carmouche" title="Pierre Carmouche">Pierre Carmouche</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amphith%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Anglais" class="mw-redirect" title="Amphithéâtre Anglais">Cirque-Olympique</a>, 13 April 1825</li> <li><i>Belphégor, ou le Bonnet du diable</i>, one-act vaudeville-féerie, with <a href="/wiki/Achille_d%27Artois" title="Achille d&#39;Artois">Achille d'Artois</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jules_Vernet" title="Jules Vernet">Jules Vernet</a>, Théâtre du Vaudeville, 26 April 1825</li> <li><i>Le Petit monstre et l'escamoteur</i>, one-act folie-parade, with <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Simonnin" title="Antoine Simonnin">Antoine Jean-Baptiste Simonnin</a>, Théâtre de la Gaîté, 7 July 1826</li> <li><i>La Robe et l'uniforme</i>, comedy in 1 act mingled with <a href="/wiki/Couplet" title="Couplet">couplets</a>, with Pierre Carmouche, <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_l%27Ambigu-Comique" title="Théâtre de l&#39;Ambigu-Comique">Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique</a>, 20 September 1826</li> <li><i>Le Créancier voyageur</i>, one-act comédie en vaudeville, with Martin Saint-Ange, <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_la_Porte-Saint-Martin" class="mw-redirect" title="Théâtre de la Porte-Saint-Martin">Théâtre de la Porte-Saint-Martin</a>, 30 September 1826</li> <li><i>1750 et 1827</i>, vaudeville in 2 tableaux, with Émile Balisson de Rougemont and Antoine Jean-Baptiste Simonnin, Théâtre du Vaudeville, 13 September 1827</li> <li><i>Le Grand Dîner</i>, one-act tableau-vaudeville, by Antoine Jean-Baptiste Simonnin, Théâtre du Vaudeville, 25 February 1828</li> <li><i>Le Concert à la campagne</i>, one-act intermède, with <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Hal%C3%A9vy" title="Léon Halévy">Léon Halévy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_l%27Od%C3%A9on" class="mw-redirect" title="Théâtre de l&#39;Odéon">Théâtre de l'Odéon</a>, 26 October 1828</li> <li><i>Le Prêteur sur gages</i>, three-act drama, with <a href="/wiki/Antony_B%C3%A9raud" title="Antony Béraud">Antony Béraud</a>, Théâtre de la Gaîté, 18 July 1829</li> <li><i>Folbert, ou le Marie de la cantatrice</i>, one-act comedy, mingled with couplets, with Léon Halévy, <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_des_Vari%C3%A9t%C3%A9s" title="Théâtre des Variétés">Théâtre des Variétés</a>, 7 February 1832</li> <li><i>La Prima donna, ou la Sœur de lait</i>, comedy mingled with song, with Achille d'Artois, Théâtre des Variétés, 26 November 1832</li> <li><i>Tigresse Mort-aux-rats, ou Poison et contre poison</i>, medicine in 4 doses and in verse, with <a href="/wiki/Henri_Dupin" title="Henri Dupin">Henri Dupin</a>, Théâtre des Variétés, 22 February 1833</li> <li><i>Le Bal des Variétés</i>, two-act folie-vaudeville, with <a href="/wiki/Adolphe_de_Leuven" title="Adolphe de Leuven">Adolphe de Leuven</a>, Théâtre des Variétés, 28 January 1835</li> <li><i>Farinelli, ou le Bouffe du Roi</i>, three-act historical comedy, with <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Pittaud_de_Forges" title="Auguste Pittaud de Forges">Auguste Pittaud de Forges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_du_Palais-Royal" title="Théâtre du Palais-Royal">Théâtre du Palais-Royal</a>, 17 February 1835</li> <li><i>L'Aumônier du régiment</i>, one-act comedy mingled with couplets, with Adolphe de Leuven, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 1 October 1835</li> <li><i>Léona, ou le Parisien en Corse</i>, two-act comedy mingled with song, with Adolphe de Leuven, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 14 January 1836</li> <li><i>Laurette, ou le Cachet rouge</i>, one-act comédie en vaudeville, with Adolphe de Leuven, Théâtre du Vaudeville, 28 January 1836</li> <li><i>Le Jeune Père</i>, one-act comédie en vaudeville, with Achille d'Artois, Théâtre des Variétés, 30 July 1836</li> <li><i>Riquiqui</i>, three-act comedy, mingled with song, with Adolphe de Leuven, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 11 March 1837</li> <li><i>La Maîtresse de langues</i>, one-act comedy, mingled with song, with Adolphe de Leuven and <a href="/wiki/Dumanoir" title="Dumanoir">Dumanoir</a>, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 21 February 1838</li> <li><i>La Suisse à Trianon</i>, one-act comedy, mingled with songs, with Adolphe de Leuven and <a href="/wiki/Louis-%C3%89mile_Vanderburch" title="Louis-Émile Vanderburch">Louis-Émile Vanderburch</a>, Théâtre des Variétés, 9 March 1838</li> <li><i>Lady Melvil, ou le Joaillier de Saint-James</i>, three-act comedy, mingled with song, with Adolphe de Leuven, music by <a href="/wiki/Albert_Grisar" title="Albert Grisar">Albert Grisar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_de_la_Renaissance" title="Théâtre de la Renaissance">Théâtre de la Renaissance</a>, 5 November 1838</li> <li><i>Dagobert, ou la Culotte à l'envers</i>, drame historique et drôlatique, in 3 acts and in verse, preceded by a prologue in verse, with Adolphe de Leuven and <a href="/wiki/Paulin_Deslandes" title="Paulin Deslandes">Paulin Deslandes</a>, Théâtre du Palais-Royal, 24 January 1839</li> <li><i>Mademoiselle Nichon</i>, one-act comédie en vaudeville, with Adolphe de Leuven, Théâtre des Variétés, 28 January 1839</li> <li><i>Mademoiselle de Choisy</i>, two-act comédie en vaudeville, with <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lopez" title="Bernard Lopez">Bernard Lopez</a>, Théâtre des Variétés, 3 April 1848</li> <li><i>L'Espion du grand monde</i>, five-act drama, with <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Anne" title="Théodore Anne">Théodore Anne</a>, Théâtre de l'Ambigu-Comique, 22 February 1856</li> <li><i>Une conférence</i>, saynète in verse, Théâtre de Madame la Duchesse de Riario-Sforza, 21 February 1867</li> <li><i>Mademoiselle la Marquise</i>, five-act comedy, in prose, preceded by a prologue, with <a href="/wiki/Lockroy" title="Lockroy">Lockroy</a>, Théâtre de l'Odéon, 12 February 1869</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Novels">Novels</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jules-Henri_Vernoy_de_Saint-Georges&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Novels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Les Nuits terribles</i> (1821)</li> <li><i>L'Espion du grand monde</i> (7 tomes en 3 volumes, 1850)</li> <li><i>Un mariage de prince. Le Livre d'heures. L'Auto-da-fé</i> (2 volumes, 1852)</li> <li><i>Les Princes de Maquenoise</i> (12 volumes, 1860)</li> <li><i>Les Yeux verts, histoire fantastique</i> (1872)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jules-Henri_Vernoy_de_Saint-Georges&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jules-Henri_Vernoy_de_Saint-Georges" class="extiw" title="fr:Jules-Henri Vernoy de Saint-Georges">An extensive list of libretti and novels</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChisholm1911_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChisholm1911">Chisholm 1911</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://imslp.org/wiki/Falstaff_(Adam%2C_Adolphe)">"Error"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Error&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fimslp.org%2Fwiki%2FFalstaff_%28Adam%252C_Adolphe%29&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJules-Henri+Vernoy+de+Saint-Georges" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grove%27s_Dictionary_of_Music_and_Musicians" class="mw-redirect" title="Grove&#39;s Dictionary of Music and Musicians">Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians</a>, <i>Saint-Georges, Jules-Henri Vernoy de</i>.</li> <li><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span>&#160;</span>This article&#160;incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>:&#160;<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Saint-Georges,_Georges_Henri_Vernoy_de" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Saint-Georges, Georges Henri Vernoy de">Saint-Georges, Georges Henri Vernoy de</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol.&#160;24 (11th&#160;ed.). Cambridge University Press. p.&#160;5.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Saint-Georges%2C+Georges+Henri+Vernoy+de&amp;rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&amp;rft.pages=5&amp;rft.edition=11th&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=1911&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJules-Henri+Vernoy+de+Saint-Georges" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output 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.mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967704#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967704#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q967704#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/117390046">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81048042">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11923345s">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11923345s">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Saint-Georges, Henri : de"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/SBLV163204">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35471994">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&amp;local_base=aut&amp;ccl_term=ica=jn20020722564&amp;CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&amp;authority_id=XX875086">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/108011">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p071934235">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/3000783">Norway</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/14070204">2</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90366047">3</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Saint-Georges, Henri, 1799-1875"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&amp;local_base=lnc10&amp;doc_number=000072552&amp;P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/c9prn5vw0dphqbh">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810579266905606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&amp;url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&amp;id=495/346246">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007305885805171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058522675306706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14320455">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA06409039?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/1d8bdb36-c27d-4513-81d7-109724a076c0">MusicBrainz</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/a78246cb-1cad-4d36-b1f8-e26660e540ae">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/965249">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd117390046.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/117390046">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027118290">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6474c67">SNAC</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/people/139905">RISM</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.eqiad.main‐5bf8f58994‐vrtsh Cached 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