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Beskikbaar in 43 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">43 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%83" title="جمعية ماكس بلانك – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جمعية ماكس بلانك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Таварыства Макса Планка – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Таварыства Макса Планка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA" title="Институти Макс Планк – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Институти Макс Планк" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF" title="মাক্স প্লাংক সোসাইটি – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মাক্স প্লাংক সোসাইটি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Societat_Max_Planck" title="Societat Max Planck – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Societat Max Planck" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spole%C4%8Dnost_Maxe_Plancka" title="Společnost Maxe Plancka – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Společnost Maxe Plancka" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max-Planck-Gesellschaft" title="Max-Planck-Gesellschaft – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Max-Planck-Gesellschaft" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BE_%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BA" title="Εταιρεία Μαξ Πλανκ – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εταιρεία Μαξ Πλανκ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Planck_Society" title="Max Planck Society – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Max Planck Society" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max-Planck-Societo" title="Max-Planck-Societo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Max-Planck-Societo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociedad_Max_Planck" title="Sociedad Max Planck – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sociedad Max Planck" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Plancki_%C3%9Ching" title="Max Plancki Ühing – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Max Plancki Ühing" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Planck_Elkartea" title="Max Planck Elkartea – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Max Planck Elkartea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3_%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9" title="انجمن ماکس پلانک – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انجمن ماکس پلانک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Planck_-instituutti" title="Max Planck -instituutti – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Max Planck -instituutti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_Max-Planck_pour_le_d%C3%A9veloppement_des_sciences" title="Société Max-Planck pour le développement des sciences – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Société Max-Planck pour le développement des sciences" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociedade_Max_Planck" title="Sociedade Max Planck – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sociedade Max Planck" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%92%D7%95%D7%93%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%A1_%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A7" title="אגודת מקס פלאנק – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אגודת מקס פלאנק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_Max_Planck" title="Institut Max Planck – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Institut Max Planck" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Planck_T%C3%A1rsas%C3%A1g" title="Max Planck Társaság – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Max Planck Társaság" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%BD_%D5%8A%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%AB_%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A8%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Մաքս Պլանկի գիտական ընկերություն – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մաքս Պլանկի գիտական ընկերություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institut_Max_Planck" title="Institut Max Planck – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Institut Max Planck" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Societ%C3%A0_Max_Planck" title="Società Max Planck – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Società Max Planck" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BB%E3%83%97%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AF%E5%8D%94%E4%BC%9A" title="マックス・プランク協会 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マックス・プランク協会" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%89%EC%8A%A4_%ED%94%8C%EB%9E%91%ED%81%AC_%ED%98%91%ED%9A%8C" title="막스 플랑크 협회 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="막스 플랑크 협회" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%E2%80%9E%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%E2%80%9C" title="Друштво „Макс Планк“ – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Друштво „Макс Планк“" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persatuan_Max_Planck" title="Persatuan Max Planck – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Persatuan Max Planck" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max-Planck-Gesellschaft" title="Max-Planck-Gesellschaft – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Max-Planck-Gesellschaft" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max-Planck-Gesellschaft" title="Max-Planck-Gesellschaft – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Max-Planck-Gesellschaft" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Towarzystwo_Maxa_Plancka" title="Towarzystwo Maxa Plancka – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Towarzystwo Maxa Plancka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3_%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9_%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%B9%DB%8C" title="میکس پلانک سوسائیٹی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="میکس پلانک سوسائیٹی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociedade_Max_Planck" title="Sociedade Max Planck – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sociedade Max Planck" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max-Planck-Gesellschaft" title="Max-Planck-Gesellschaft – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Max-Planck-Gesellschaft" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Общество Макса Планка – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Общество Макса Планка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dru%C5%BEba_Maxa_Plancka" title="Družba Maxa Plancka – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Družba Maxa Plancka" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shoqata_Max-Planck" title="Shoqata Max-Planck – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shoqata Max-Planck" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Planck-s%C3%A4llskapet" title="Max Planck-sällskapet – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Max Planck-sällskapet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a 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<div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%; width:25em; text-align:left;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="color:#000; background-color:; font-size:120%; text-align:center;" colspan="2">Max Planck-geselskap </th></tr> <tr> <th>Volle naam </th> <td>Max Planck-geselskap vir die Bevordering van Wetenskap </td></tr> <tr> <th>Afkorting </th> <td>MPG </td></tr> <tr> <th>Vorige naam  </th> <td>Kaiser Wilhelm-geselskap </td></tr> <tr> <th>Gestig </th> <td><a href="/wiki/1911" title="1911">1911</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Doel </th> <td>Wetenskaplike navorsing </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hoofkwartier </th> <td><a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnchen" title="München">München</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duitsland" title="Duitsland">Duitsland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorsitter </th> <td>Martin Stratmann </td></tr> <tr> <th>Webtuiste </th> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mpg.de">www.mpg.de</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Max_Planck_Nobel_1918.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Max_Planck_Nobel_1918.jpg/180px-Max_Planck_Nobel_1918.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Max_Planck_Nobel_1918.jpg/270px-Max_Planck_Nobel_1918.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Max_Planck_Nobel_1918.jpg/360px-Max_Planck_Nobel_1918.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1656" data-file-height="2348" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Max Planck</a>, na wie die vereniging genoem is.</figcaption></figure> <p>Die <b>Max Planck-geselskap vir die Bevordering van Wetenskap</b> (<a href="/wiki/Duits" title="Duits">Duits</a>: <i>Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e. V.</i>; afgekort <b>MPG</b>) is ’n voorheen onafhanklike nieregeringsorganisasie sonder winsbejag van <a href="/wiki/Duitsland" title="Duitsland">Duitse</a> navorsingsinstellings wat in 1911 as die Kaiser Wilhelm-geselskap gestig is<sup id="cite_ref-MPGorg_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPGorg-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MPGportrait_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPGportrait-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en in 1948 hernoem is tot die Max Planck-geselskap ter ere van sy eertydse president, die <a href="/wiki/Fisikus" class="mw-redirect" title="Fisikus">fisikus</a> <a href="/wiki/Max_Planck" title="Max Planck">Max Planck</a>. Die vereniging kry nou geld van die Duitse regering sowel as ander bronne.<sup id="cite_ref-MPGfacts_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPGfacts-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MPGorg_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPGorg-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Volgens die vereniging is sy primêre doel basiese navorsing oor natuur-, lewens- en sosiale wetenskap, die kunste en geesteswetenskappe in sy lid-institute.<sup id="cite_ref-MPGorg_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPGorg-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MPGportrait_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPGportrait-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dit het sowat 17 000 permanente werknemers, insluitende 5 470 <a href="/wiki/Wetenskaplike" class="mw-redirect" title="Wetenskaplike">wetenskaplikes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MPGfacts_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPGfacts-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Die Max Planck-geselskap fokus op uitmuntendheid in navorsing. Dit het ’n wêreldwye reputasie as ’n wetenskap- en tegnologiese navorsingsorganisasie, met 33 <a href="/wiki/Nobelprys" title="Nobelprys">Nobelpryse</a> wat aan sy wetenskaplikes toegeken is, en word algemeen beskou as een van die voorste basiese navorsingsorganisasies in <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a> en die wêreld. In 2013 het die Nature Publishing Index dit vyfde wêreldwyd geplaas in terme van navorsing wat in <i>Nature</i>-tydskrifte gepubliseer is.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die webtuiste Thomson Reuters-Science Watch het die vereniging tweede geplaas op sy lys van voorste navorsingsorganisasies wêreldwyd ná die <a href="/wiki/Harvard-universiteit" title="Harvard-universiteit">Harvard-universiteit</a> in terme van die impak van die geproduseerde navorsing oor wetenskapsvelde heen.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Onder die Max Planck-geselskap se beroemde wetenskaplikes tel Otto Hahn, <a href="/wiki/Werner_Heisenberg" title="Werner Heisenberg">Werner Heisenberg</a> en <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Planck-geselskap&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Planck-geselskap&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-MPGorg-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-MPGorg_1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-MPGorg_1-1">1,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-MPGorg_1-2">1,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mpg.de/183267/organisation">"About us"</a> (in Engels). Max-Planck-Gesellschaft. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200401235528/https://www.mpg.de/183267/organisation">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 1 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">28 Maart</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+us&rft.pub=Max-Planck-Gesellschaft&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mpg.de%2F183267%2Forganisation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AMax+Planck-geselskap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MPGportrait-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-MPGportrait_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-MPGportrait_2-1">2,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mpg.de/183251/portrait">"About us"</a> (in Engels). Max-Planck-Gesellschaft. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150420155812/http://www.mpg.de/183251/portrait">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 20 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">28 Maart</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+us&rft.pub=Max-Planck-Gesellschaft&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mpg.de%2F183251%2Fportrait&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AMax+Planck-geselskap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MPGfacts-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-MPGfacts_3-0">3,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-MPGfacts_3-1">3,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mpg.de/186435/Facts_Figures">"About us"</a> (in Engels). Max-Planck-Gesellschaft. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150418053054/http://www.mpg.de/186435/Facts_Figures">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 18 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">5 Februarie</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+us&rft.pub=Max-Planck-Gesellschaft&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mpg.de%2F186435%2FFacts_Figures&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AMax+Planck-geselskap" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.natureasia.com/en/publishing-index/global/">Nature Publishing Index - 2013 Global Top 200</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150916170723/http://www.natureasia.com/en/publishing-index/global">Geargiveer</a> 16 September 2015 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Nature Publishing Group</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://archive.sciencewatch.com/inter/ins/09/09Top20Overall/">[1]</a> Science Watch</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Planck-geselskap&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Max_Planck-geselskap&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mpg.de/en">Amptelike webtuiste</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Crystal_txt.png" 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