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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="et" dir="ltr"><p>  </p><p><b>Transpordihaldussüsteem</b> <b>ehk veohaldustarkvara (TMS)</b> on tarneahela juhtimissüsteemi alamkategooria, mis keskendub kauba transportimisega seotud tegevustele ja võib olla osa ettevõtte ressursside planeerimise (<a href="/wiki/ERP" class="mw-disambig" title="ERP">ERP</a>) süsteemist <sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>TMS on tavaliselt vahelüli ERP- ja laohaldustarkava vahel. Seda tüüpi seadistuse korral töötleb TMS-i planeerimismoodul nii sissetulevaid (hankimisega seotud) kui väljuvaid (müügiga seotud) tellimusi, ning soovitab kasutajale võimalikke marsruute. Kasutaja teeb seejärel pakutud võimalustest kõige optimaalsema valiku ja edastab selle transpordipakkujate analüüsimoodulile. Selle mooduli abil määratakse parim transpordiviis ja kõige kuluefektiivsem vedaja lahendus. Pärast valiku tegemist kasutatakse transpordihanke- ja saadetise jälgimise (ingl. k. <i>track & trace</i>) süsteemi, et veotellimus valitud vedajale esitada. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tarkvaralitsentsi_tüübid"><span id="Tarkvaralitsentsi_t.C3.BC.C3.BCbid"></span>Tarkvaralitsentsi tüübid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transpordihalduss%C3%BCsteem&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Tarkvaralitsentsi tüübid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transpordihalduss%C3%BCsteem&action=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Tarkvaralitsentsi tüübid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>4 enamlevinud TMS tarkavalitsentsi tüüpi on: </p> <ol><li>Asutusesisene litsents (tavaliselt ostetud <a href="/wiki/Tarkvaralitsents" title="Tarkvaralitsents">litsents</a>)</li> <li>Pilvelitsents (<a href="/wiki/Tarkvara_teenusena" title="Tarkvara teenusena">SaaS</a>, pilv)</li> <li>Asutuse sisene pilvelitsents (1. ja 2. segu)</li> <li><i>Hostitud – litsentsivaba TMS</i> (sama mis 2., kuid tasuta ja ilma litsentsinõueteta)</li></ol> <p>Lisaks sellele ühinesid mõned TMS-tarkvara arendajad tarneahela haldamise konsultatsioonifirmadega ja hakkasid pakkuma veotellijatele haldus- ja tarkvarateenuseid allhanke protsessina. Paljud TMS-i arendajad on endiselt sõltumatud, vedaja- ning ERP-neutraalsed. ERP-i arendajad on hakanud täiendama enda transpordihalduse funktsioone, lisades TMS mooduleid enda olemasolevasse rakendusbaasi, tõi <a href="/wiki/Tarkvara_teenusena" title="Tarkvara teenusena">SaaS</a> levik kaasa sõltumatute TMS-pakkujate arvu kasvu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funktsioonid">Funktsioonid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transpordihalduss%C3%BCsteem&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Funktsioonid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transpordihalduss%C3%BCsteem&action=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Funktsioonid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Transpordihaldussüsteemide abil juhitakse nelja peamist veohalduse protsessi: </p> <ol><li><b>Planeerimine ja otsuste tegemine</b> – TMS leiab kõige optimaalsemad marsruudid, arvestades etteantud parameetreid, millel on kas madalam või kõrgem olulisus erinevate tegurite osas vastavalt kasutaja eelistustele: transpordikulu, tarneaeg, peatuste arv, <a href="/wiki/Kasvuhoonegaasid" title="Kasvuhoonegaasid">kasvuhoonegaaside</a> emissioonid jne.</li> <li><b>Transpordi teostamine</b> – TMS võimaldab veoplaani täitmist, sh transpordihanke korraldamine, veohindade võrdlemine, tellimuste esitamine, transporditeavituste saatmine ja <a href="/wiki/E-andmevahetus" title="E-andmevahetus">EDI</a>.</li> <li><b>Transpordi järelkontroll</b> – TMS võimaldab jälgida transpordiga seotud toiminguid: transpordisündmuste jälgitavus sündmuste kaupa (pealelaadimine punktis A, mahalaadimine punktis B, tollivormistus jne), kauba vastuvõtt, veodokumendid, transporditeavituste saatmine, nagu viivitused, õnnetused ja ettenägematud peatused.</li> <li><b>Mõõtmine</b> – TMS-il on aruandluse- ja transpordi <a href="/wiki/V%C3%B5tmen%C3%A4itaja" title="Võtmenäitaja">võtmenäitajate</a> (KPI) raporteerimise funktsioonid.</li></ol> <p>TMS-i funktsioonid hõlmavad järgmist: </p> <ul><li>Kaubaveoks optimaalseima marsruudi valimine <sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Sissetuleva ja väljamineva <a href="/w/index.php?title=Transpordiviis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Transpordiviis (pole veel kirjutatud)">transpordiviisi</a> ja transporditeenuse pakkuja valik</li> <li>Maantee-, raudtee-, õhu- ja meretranspordi juhtimine</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-andmevahetus" title="E-andmevahetus">EDI</a> ühendused vedajatega</li> <li>Saadetiste jälgimine reaalajas <sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Veohinna päringute tegemine <sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Veohindade võrdlemine <sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Teenuse kvaliteedi kontroll KPI-de kujul (vt allpool)</li> <li>Kaubakoormate ja marsruudi optimeerimine</li> <li>Transpordikulude simuleerimine</li> <li>Tellimuste konsolideerimine (projektiveod)</li> <li>Transpordihangete korraldamine <sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Kulude kontroll, <a href="/wiki/V%C3%B5tmen%C3%A4itaja" title="Võtmenäitaja">KPI</a> aruandlus ja statistika</li> <li>Laolaadimiste planeerimine <sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Kaubaveo audit, raporteerimine ja analüütika <sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Tüüpilised KPI-d sisaldavad, kuid ei ole nendega piiratud: <ol><li>Õigeaegsete pealelaadimiste või mahalaadimiste osakaal</li> <li>Hind ühiku kohta – <a href="/wiki/Miil" title="Miil">miil</a>; <a href="/wiki/Kilomeeter" title="Kilomeeter">kilomeeter</a>; <a href="/wiki/Kaal" title="Kaal">kaal</a>; <a href="/wiki/Kuupmeeter" title="Kuupmeeter">kuupmeeter</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Laadimismeeter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laadimismeeter (pole veel kirjutatud)">laadimismeeter</a>; <a href="/wiki/Kaubaalus" title="Kaubaalus">kaubaalus</a></li> <li>Tootlikkus rahas, nt kulu kaalu- või pakkeühiku kohta</li> <li>Operatiivne tootlikkus, nt pakkeühikud tellimuse kohta või kaal koorma kohta</li></ol></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Turg">Turg</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transpordihalduss%C3%BCsteem&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Turg"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transpordihalduss%C3%BCsteem&action=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Turg" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gartner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gartner (pole veel kirjutatud)">Gartner</a> ennustab, et ülemaailmne transpordihaldussüsteemide turg kasvab 60% 1,3 miljardilt dollarilt 2019. aastal 2,1 miljardile dollarile 2024. aastal. <sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viited">Viited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transpordihalduss%C3%BCsteem&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Viited"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transpordihalduss%C3%BCsteem&action=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Viited" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1">1,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2">1,2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3">1,3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6066747">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sap.com/products/scm/transportation-logistics/what-is-a-tms.html">"What is a transportation management system (TMS)?"</a>. <i>SAP</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Vaadatud 14. augustil 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SAP&rft.atitle=What+is+a+transportation+management+system+%28TMS%29%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sap.com%2Fproducts%2Fscm%2Ftransportation-logistics%2Fwhat-is-a-tms.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3ATranspordihalduss%C3%BCsteem" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-1">2,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tehnika.postimees.ee/7324538/kaubavedu-maanteel-milline-on-koige-tohusam-viis-kaupade-transportimiseks">"Kaubavedu maanteel. Milline on kõige tõhusam viis kaupade transportimiseks?"</a>. <i>Postimees Online: Tehnika</i>. 31. august 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Vaadatud 14. augustil 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Postimees+Online%3A+Tehnika&rft.atitle=Kaubavedu+maanteel.+Milline+on+k%C3%B5ige+t%C3%B5husam+viis+kaupade+transportimiseks%3F&rft.date=2021-08-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftehnika.postimees.ee%2F7324538%2Fkaubavedu-maanteel-milline-on-koige-tohusam-viis-kaupade-transportimiseks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3ATranspordihalduss%C3%BCsteem" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-0">3,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-1">3,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite id="CITEREFVaarmann2023" class="citation web cs1">Vaarmann, Tanel (6. märts 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cargoson.com/et/blog/mis-on-veohaldustarkvara">"Mis on veohaldustarkvara (TMS)?"</a>. <i>Cargoson</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Vaadatud 14. augustil 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cargoson&rft.atitle=Mis+on+veohaldustarkvara+%28TMS%29%3F&rft.date=2023-03-06&rft.aulast=Vaarmann&rft.aufirst=Tanel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cargoson.com%2Fet%2Fblog%2Fmis-on-veohaldustarkvara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3ATranspordihalduss%C3%BCsteem" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6066747"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gartner.com/doc/reprints?id=1-25QNI2ID&ct=210405">"Magic Quadrant for Transportation Management Systems"</a>. <i>www.gartner.com</i>. 30. märts 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Vaadatud 19. jaanuaril 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.gartner.com&rft.atitle=Magic+Quadrant+for+Transportation+Management+Systems&rft.date=2021-03-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gartner.com%2Fdoc%2Freprints%3Fid%3D1-25QNI2ID%26ct%3D210405&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3ATranspordihalduss%C3%BCsteem" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Pärit leheküljelt "<a dir="ltr" href="https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transpordihaldussüsteem&oldid=6461861">https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transpordihaldussüsteem&oldid=6461861</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Eri:Kategooriad" title="Eri:Kategooriad">Kategooria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:Transport" title="Kategooria:Transport">Transport</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Selle lehekülje viimane muutmine: 19:37, 14. august 2023.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst on kasutatav vastavalt Creative Commonsi litsentsile "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.et">Autorile viitamine + jagamine samadel tingimustel</a>"; sellele võivad lisanduda täiendavad tingimused. 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