CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://developer.apple.com/documentation/macos-release-notes/macos-12_3-release-notes","20220413184320","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1649875400"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <meta charset="utf-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,viewport-fit=cover"><link rel="icon" href="/web/20220413184320im_/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/favicon.ico"><link rel="mask-icon" href="/web/20220413184320im_/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/apple-logo.svg" color="#333333"><title>Apple Developer Documentation</title><script>var baseUrl = "/tutorials/"</script><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/css/documentation-topic.8eb22d1f.css" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/css/documentation-topic~topic~tutorials-overview~welcome-experience-featured~welcome-experience-technologies.a062d316.css" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/css/documentation-topic~topic~welcome-experience-technologies.34ebe519.css" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/css/global-head-footer.2b7d420e.css" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/css/topic.31b0bec5.css" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/css/topic~tutorials-overview.41a092e2.css" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/css/tutorials-overview.00db02fd.css" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/css/welcome-experience-featured.c86a9569.css" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/css/welcome-experience-technologies.28185ce7.css" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/chunk-2d0d3105.cd72cc8e.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/chunk-2d217dfc.6b0d6c31.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/documentation-topic.c5150204.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/documentation-topic~topic~tutorials-overview~welcome-experience-featured~welcome-experience-technologies.28519cdd.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/documentation-topic~topic~welcome-experience-technologies.aae6098c.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/global-head-footer.e384c274.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-bash.1b52852f.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-c.d1db3f17.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-cpp.3e74d0a2.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-css.75eab1fe.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-custom-markdown.e7914a9c.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-custom-swift.4362ac8b.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-diff.62d66733.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-http.163e45b6.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-java.3db08e2e.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-javascript.725f2e9d.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-json.471128d2.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-llvm.6100b125.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-markdown.90077643.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-objectivec.7b30f247.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-perl.757d7b6f.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-php.b6816280.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-python.bf278e30.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-ruby.f889d392.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-scss.62ee18da.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-shell.dd7f411f.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-swift.40642860.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/highlight-js-xml.9c3688c7.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/topic.fe9466d3.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/topic~tutorials-overview.ca8102de.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/tutorials-overview.fd4def15.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/welcome-experience-featured.c96ec62e.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/welcome-experience-technologies.6910eac4.js" rel="prefetch"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/css/chunk-vendors.ec9e036c.css" rel="preload" as="style"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/css/index.86fa6d6d.css" rel="preload" as="style"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/chunk-vendors.1b411bbd.js" rel="preload" as="script"><link href="/web/20220413184320/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/index.7c4b3722.js" rel="preload" as="script"><link href="/web/20220413184320cs_/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/css/chunk-vendors.ec9e036c.css" rel="stylesheet"><link href="/web/20220413184320cs_/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/css/index.86fa6d6d.css" rel="stylesheet"></head><body data-color-scheme="auto"><div id="_omniture_top"><script>var s_account="awdappledeveloper"</script><script src="/web/20220413184320js_/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/analytics.js"></script></div><noscript><style>.noscript{font-family:"SF Pro Display","SF Pro Icons","Helvetica Neue",Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif;margin:92px auto 140px auto;text-align:center;width:980px}.noscript-title{color:#111;font-size:48px;font-weight:600;letter-spacing:-.003em;line-height:1.08365;margin:0 auto 54px auto;width:502px}@media only screen and (max-width:1068px){.noscript{margin:90px auto 120px auto;width:692px}.noscript-title{font-size:40px;letter-spacing:0;line-height:1.1;margin:0 auto 45px auto;width:420px}}@media only screen and (max-width:735px){.noscript{margin:45px auto 60px auto;width:87.5%}.noscript-title{font-size:32px;letter-spacing:.004em;line-height:1.125;margin:0 auto 35px auto;max-width:330px;width:auto}}#loading-placeholder{display:none}</style><div class="noscript"><h1 class="noscript-title">This page requires JavaScript.</h1><p>Please turn on JavaScript in your browser and refresh the page to view its content.</p></div></noscript><div id="app"></div><script src="/web/20220413184320js_/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/chunk-vendors.1b411bbd.js"></script><script src="/web/20220413184320js_/https://developer.apple.com/tutorials/js/index.7c4b3722.js"></script></body></html>