CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="ur" dir="rtl"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>ماکوتو کوبایاشی - آزاد دائرۃ المعارف، ویکیپیڈیا</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )urwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy" ,"wgMonthNames":["","جنوری","فروری","مارچ","اپریل","مئی","جون","جولا‎ئی","اگست","ستمبر","اکتوبر","نومبر","دسمبر"],"wgRequestId":"3b78f56f-1341-4515-ac28-9060b0207c1c","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"ماکوتو_کوبایاشی","wgTitle":"ماکوتو کوبایاشی","wgCurRevisionId":6027283,"wgRevisionId":6027283,"wgArticleId":368723,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["صفحات مع اسکرپٹ اغلاط","مضامین جن میں جاپانی زبان کا متن شامل ہے","صفحات مع خاصیت P1559","صفحات مع ویکی ڈیٹا","صفحات مع خاصیت P18","صفحات مع ویکی ڈیٹا حوالہ جات","صفحات مع خاصیت P569","ویکی ڈیٹا کے مواد کا ستعمال کرنے والے صفحات","صفحات مع خاصیت P19" ,"صفحات مع خاصیت P27","صفحات مع خاصیت P106","ویکی ڈیٹا سے ماخوذ پیشہ ورانہ زبان","ویکی ڈیٹا سے ماخوذ شعبۂ عمل","نوکری ویکی ڈیٹا سے ماخوذ","صفحات مع خاصیت P166","سانچہ خانہ معلومات شخصیت کے نامعلوم پیرامیٹر پر مشتمل صفحات","کامنز زمرہ جس کا ربط ویکی ڈیٹا پر ہے","ویکی ڈیٹا سے مختلف مختصر وضاحت","لوا پر مبنی حوالہ جاتی سانچے","1944ء کی پیدائشیں","7 اپریل کی پیدائشیں","نوبل انعام یافتگان برائے طبیعیات","بقید حیات شخصیات","جاپانی نوبل انعام یافتہ","ناگویا کی شخصیات","نظریاتی طبیعیات دان","جاپانی طبیعیات دان"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ur","wgPageContentLanguage":"ur","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName": "ماکوتو_کوبایاشی","wgRelevantArticleId":368723,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"مکوٹو_کوبایاشی","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ur","pageLanguageDir":"rtl","pageVariantFallbacks":"ur"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":3000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C","ScribuntoErrors":{"d6fc3cf3":true},"ScribuntoErrors-d6fc3cf3": "\u003Cp\u003Eلوا خطا ماڈیول:Citation/CS1 میں 4492 سطر پر: attempt to index field 'url_skip' (a nil value)۔\u003C/p\u003E\u003Cp\u003Eبیک ٹریس:\u003C/p\u003E\u003Col class=\"scribunto-trace\"\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E\u003Ca href=\"//ur.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84:Citation/CS1\u0026amp;action=edit#mw-ce-l4492\"\u003Eماڈیول:Citation/CS1:4492\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/strong\u003E: فنکشن «chunk» میں\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003Emw.lua:527\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E\u003Cstrong\u003E[C]\u003C/strong\u003E:\u0026#160;?\u003C/li\u003E\u003C/ol\u003E","wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q202164","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi" :["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.scribunto.errors","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp", "ext.gadget.TemplateParamWizard","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.gadget.charinsert","ext.gadget.incategory","ext.gadget.ExternalSearch","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.MultiLevelMenu","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.Special:WhatLinksHere_action_links","ext.gadget.spellchecker","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.shortUrl","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ur&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ur&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ur&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Mkobayashi.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1620"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Mkobayashi.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1080"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="864"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="ماکوتو کوبایاشی - آزاد دائرۃ المعارف، ویکیپیڈیا"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ur.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="ترمیم" href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="ویکیپیڈیا (ur)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ur.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ur"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="ویکیپیڈیا اٹوم فیڈ" href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DB%81_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki rtl sitedir-rtl mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-ماکوتو_کوبایاشی rootpage-ماکوتو_کوبایاشی skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">مندرجات کا رخ کریں</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ویب گاہ"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="مرکزی مینو" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">مرکزی مینو</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">مرکزی مینو</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">بغلی پٹی پر جائیں</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">چھپائیں</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ویکی پیمائی </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%DB%82_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84" title="صفحہ اول پر جائیں [z]" accesskey="z"><span>صفحۂ اول</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%81" title="مضامین کا جستہ جستہ مطالعہ کریں [x]" accesskey="x"><span>جستہ جستہ مطالعہ</span></a></li><li id="n-newarticlewizard" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D8%AE%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82_%D9%85%D8%B6%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86"><span>نیا مضمون تحریر کریں</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7:%DB%81%D9%85_%D8%B3%DB%92_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B7%DB%81_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%BA"><span>رابطہ کریں</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction-desc" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction-desc" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> تعامل </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutwp" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B4_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF"><span>ویکیپیڈیا پر آغاز کریں</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA:%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ویکیپیڈیا کا استعمال اور ترمیم سے متعلق رہنمائی"><span>معاونت</span></a></li><li id="n-diwanaam" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85"><span>دیوان عام</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DB%81_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA" title="ویکی میں حالیہ تبدیلیوں کی فہرست [r]" accesskey="r"><span>حالیہ تبدیلیاں</span></a></li><li id="n-مشاہدات-اعلیٰ" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//tools.wmflabs.org/topviews/?project=ur.wikipedia.org&platform=all-access&date=last-month&excludes="><span>مشاہدات اعلیٰ</span></a></li><li id="n-تعداد-ناظرین" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//tools.wmflabs.org/pageviews?project=ur.wikipedia.org&platform=all-access&agent=user&range=latest-20&pages=%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%DB%82_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84"><span>تعداد ناظرین</span></a></li><li id="n-اپلوڈ-تصویر" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A7%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%DA%88"><span>اپلوڈ تصویر</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%DB%82_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="ویکیپیڈیا" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ur.svg" style="width: 5.4375em; height: 2em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="آزاد دائرۃ المعارف" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ur.svg" width="86" height="16" style="width: 5.375em; height: 1em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="ویکیپیڈیا میں تلاش کریں [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>تلاش</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="ویکیپیڈیا میں تلاش کریں" aria-label="ویکیپیڈیا میں تلاش کریں" autocapitalize="sentences" title="ویکیپیڈیا میں تلاش کریں [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="خاص:تلاش"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">تلاش</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="ذاتی آلات"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ur.wikipedia.org&uselang=ur" class=""><span>عطیہ دیجیے</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AA%D8%AE%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82_%DA%A9%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%81&returnto=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88+%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="کھاتہ بنانے یا اس میں داخل ہونے کی سفارش کی جاتی ہے؛ تاہم یہ ضروری نہیں" class=""><span>کھاتہ بنائیں</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84_%DB%81%D9%88%DA%BA&returnto=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88+%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="کھاتے میں داخل ہونے کی سفارش کی جاتی ہے؛ تاہم یہ ضروری نہیں [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>داخل ہوں</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="مزید اختیارات" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ذاتی آلات" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ذاتی آلات</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ur.wikipedia.org&uselang=ur"><span>عطیہ دیجیے</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AA%D8%AE%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82_%DA%A9%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%81&returnto=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88+%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="کھاتہ بنانے یا اس میں داخل ہونے کی سفارش کی جاتی ہے؛ تاہم یہ ضروری نہیں"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>کھاتہ بنائیں</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84_%DB%81%D9%88%DA%BA&returnto=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88+%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="کھاتے میں داخل ہونے کی سفارش کی جاتی ہے؛ تاہم یہ ضروری نہیں [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>داخل ہوں</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA:%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%81" aria-label="ترمیم کاری کے متعلق مزید تفصیلات"><span>مزید تفصیلات</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%BA" title="اس آئی پی پتے سے انجام دی جانے والی تمام ترامیم کی فہرست [y]" accesskey="y"><span>شراکتیں</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%84%DB%81_%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84" title="اس آئی پی پتے کی ترامیم سے متعلق گفتگو [n]" accesskey="n"><span>تبادلۂ خیال</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ویب گاہ"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="مندرجات" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">مندرجات</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">بغلی پٹی پر جائیں</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">چھپائیں</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">دیباچہ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-مزید_دیکھیے" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#مزید_دیکھیے"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>مزید دیکھیے</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-مزید_دیکھیے-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-حوالہ_جات" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#حوالہ_جات"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>حوالہ جات</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-حوالہ_جات-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="مندرجات" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="فہرست عناوین دیکھیں" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">فہرست عناوین دیکھیں</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ماکوتو کوبایاشی</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 60 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">60 زبانیں</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%8A" title="ماكوتو كوباياشي – عربی" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ماكوتو كوباياشي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="عربی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="ماکوتو کوبایاشی – فارسی" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ماکوتو کوبایاشی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="فارسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – انگریزی" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="انگریزی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="ماکوتو کوبایاشی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ماکوتو کوبایاشی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF" title="মাকোতো কোবায়াশি – بنگلہ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মাকোতো কোবায়াশি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="بنگلہ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobayasi_Makoto" title="Kobayasi Makoto – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kobayasi Makoto" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%96" title="Макота Кабаясі – بیلاروسی" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Макота Кабаясі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="بیلاروسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%88%D0%B8" title="Макото Кобаяши – بلغاری" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Макото Кобаяши" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="بلغاری" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – کیٹالان" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="کیٹالان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobaja%C5%A1i" title="Makoto Kobajaši – چیک" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Makoto Kobajaši" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="چیک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – ڈینش" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ڈینش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi_(Physiker)" title="Makoto Kobayashi (Physiker) – جرمن" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi (Physiker)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="جرمن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – اسٹونین" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="اسٹونین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%BF_%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B9" title="Μακότο Κομπαγιάσι – یونانی" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μακότο Κομπαγιάσι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="یونانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – ہسپانوی" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ہسپانوی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – باسکی" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="باسکی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi_(physicien)" title="Makoto Kobayashi (physicien) – فرانسیسی" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi (physicien)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="فرانسیسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – گالیشیائی" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="گالیشیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobayashi_Makoto" title="Kobayashi Makoto – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kobayashi Makoto" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%EB%B0%94%EC%95%BC%EC%8B%9C_%EB%A7%88%EC%BD%94%ED%86%A0_(%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99%EC%9E%90)" title="고바야시 마코토 (물리학자) – کوریائی" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고바야시 마코토 (물리학자)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="کوریائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%B8_%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%AB" title="Մակոտո Կոբայաշի – آرمینیائی" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մակոտո Կոբայաշի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="آرمینیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80_(%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80)" title="मकोतो कोबायाशी (भौतिकी) – ہندی" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मकोतो कोबायाशी (भौतिकी)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ہندی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – کراتی" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="کراتی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi_(fizikisto)" title="Makoto Kobayashi (fizikisto) – ایڈو" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi (fizikisto)" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ایڈو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – انڈونیثیائی" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="انڈونیثیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi_(fisico)" title="Makoto Kobayashi (fisico) – اطالوی" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi (fisico)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="اطالوی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%98%D7%95_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%91%D7%90%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%99" title="מקוטו קובאיאשי – عبرانی" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מקוטו קובאיאשי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="عبرانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – سواحلی" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="سواحلی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – لاطینی" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="لاطینی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobaja%C5%A1i" title="Makoto Kobajaši – لیٹوین" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Makoto Kobajaši" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="لیٹوین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – لیتھوینین" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="لیتھوینین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8" title="Макото Кобајаши – مقدونیائی" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Макото Кобајаши" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="مقدونیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80" title="माकोतो कोबायाशी – مراٹهی" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="माकोतो कोबायाशी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="مراٹهی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%89" title="ماكوتو كوباياشى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ماكوتو كوباياشى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="ماکوتو کوبایاشی – مزندرانی" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ماکوتو کوبایاشی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="مزندرانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi_(ahli_fizik)" title="Makoto Kobayashi (ahli fizik) – مالے" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi (ahli fizik)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="مالے" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – ڈچ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ڈچ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%9E%97%E8%AA%A0_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E8%80%85)" title="小林誠 (物理学者) – جاپانی" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="小林誠 (物理学者)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="جاپانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – نارویجین بوکمل" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="نارویجین بوکمل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – نارویجین نینورسک" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="نارویجین نینورسک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – ادنی جرمن" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="ادنی جرمن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – پولش" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="پولش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – پُرتگالی" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="پُرتگالی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – رومینین" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="رومینین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%B8,_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Кобаяси, Макото – روسی" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кобаяси, Макото" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="روسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi_(physicist)" title="Makoto Kobayashi (physicist) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi (physicist)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobaja%C5%A1i" title="Makoto Kobajaši – سلوواک" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Makoto Kobajaši" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="سلوواک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobaja%C5%A1i_(fizik)" title="Makoto Kobajaši (fizik) – سلووینیائی" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Makoto Kobajaši (fizik)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="سلووینیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80)" title="Макото Кобајаши (физичар) – سربین" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Макото Кобајаши (физичар)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="سربین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – فینیش" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="فینیش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – سویڈش" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="سویڈش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi_(pisiko)" title="Makoto Kobayashi (pisiko) – ٹیگا لوگ" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi (pisiko)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="ٹیگا لوگ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B7%E0%AE%BF" title="மகொடோ கோபயாஷி – تمل" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மகொடோ கோபயாஷி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="تمل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%88%D0%B8" title="Макото Кобаяши – تاتار" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Макото Кобаяши" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="تاتار" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – ترکی" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ترکی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%96_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Кобаясі Макото – یوکرینیائی" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кобаясі Макото" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="یوکرینیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kobayashi_Makoto_(nh%C3%A0_v%E1%BA%ADt_l%C3%BD)" title="Kobayashi Makoto (nhà vật lý) – ویتنامی" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kobayashi Makoto (nhà vật lý)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ویتنامی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makoto_Kobayashi" title="Makoto Kobayashi – یوروبا" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Makoto Kobayashi" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="یوروبا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%9E%97%E8%AA%A0" title="小林誠 – کینٹونیز" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="小林誠" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="کینٹونیز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E6%9E%97%E8%AF%9A_(%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6%E5%AE%B6)" title="小林诚 (物理学家) – چینی" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="小林诚 (物理学家)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="چینی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q202164#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="ترمیم بین اللسانی روابط" class="wbc-editpage">ترمیم روابط</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="فضائے نام"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="مواد پر مشتمل صفحہ دیکھیں [c]" accesskey="c"><span>صفحہ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%84%DB%82_%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84:%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="مضمون کے متعلق گفتگو کریں (صفحہ موجود نہیں) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>تبادلۂ خیال</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="زبان کا لہجہ بدلیں" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">اردو</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="مشاہدات"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C"><span>مطالعہ</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&action=edit" title="اس صفحے کے سورس کوڈ میں ترمیم کریں [e]" accesskey="e"><span>ترمیم</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&action=history" title="اس صفحہ کے سابقہ نسخے [h]" accesskey="h"><span>تاریخچہ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="آلات" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">آلات</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">آلات</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">بغلی پٹی پر جائیں</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">چھپائیں</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> اقدامات </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C"><span>مطالعہ</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&action=edit" title="اس صفحے کے سورس کوڈ میں ترمیم کریں [e]" accesskey="e"><span>ترمیم</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&action=history"><span>تاریخچہ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> عمومی </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B7_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" title="اُن تمام ویکی صفحات کی فہرست جو اس صفحہ سے مربوط ہیں [j]" accesskey="j"><span>مربوط صفحات</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%82%DB%81_%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DB%81_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C" rel="nofollow" title="اِس صفحہ سے مربوط صفحات میں حالیہ تبدیلیاں [k]" accesskey="k"><span>متعلقہ تبدیلیاں</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B5%DB%8C_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="جملہ خصوصی صفحات کی فہرست [q]" accesskey="q"><span>خصوصی صفحات</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&oldid=6027283" title="صفحہ کے اس نسخہ کا مستقل ربط"><span>مستقل ربط</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&action=info" title="اس صفحہ کے بارے میں مزید معلومات"><span>معلومات صفحہ</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%81&page=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&id=6027283&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="اس صفحہ کا حوالہ دینے کا طریقہ"><span>مضمون کا حوالہ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%81&url=https%3A%2F%2Fur.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25DA%25A9%25D9%2588%25D8%25AA%25D9%2588_%25DA%25A9%25D9%2588%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B4%25DB%258C"><span>مختصر یوآرایل</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fur.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25DA%25A9%25D9%2588%25D8%25AA%25D9%2588_%25DA%25A9%25D9%2588%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B4%25DB%258C"><span>ڈاؤن لوڈ کیوآر</span></a></li><li id="t-shorturl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//ur.wikipedia.org/s/fzbx" title="اس مختصر ربط کو نقل کریں"><span>مختصر یوآرایل</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> طباعت/برآمد </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88+%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C"><span>تخلیق کتاب</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%8C_%DA%88%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%81&page=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&action=show-download-screen"><span>ڈاؤن لوڈ بشکلPDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&printable=yes" title="اِس صفحہ کا قابلِ طبع نسخہ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>قابل طبع نسخہ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> دیگر منصوبے </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Makoto_Kobayashi" hreflang="en"><span>ویکی ذخائر</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q202164" title="متعلقہ ڈیٹا سے منسلک کریں [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ڈیٹا آئٹم</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">بغلی پٹی پر جائیں</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">چھپائیں</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">آزاد دائرۃ المعارف، ویکیپیڈیا سے</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%B9%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="مکوٹو کوبایاشی">مکوٹو کوبایاشی</a> سے رجوع مکرر)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-rtl mw-parser-output" lang="ur" dir="rtl"><p>'<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6378728">.mw-parser-output .entete.aerostat{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7e/Picto_infobox_aerostat.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.aikido{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Aikido_pictogram.svg/40px-Aikido_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.alpinisme{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/Picto_infobox_alpinisme.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.arbitre{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Referee_football_pictogram.svg/35px-Referee_football_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.arc{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Archery_pictogram.svg/35px-Archery_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.archives2{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Picto_infobox_archives.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.arduino,.mw-parser-output .entete.electro{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Arduino_ftdi_chip-1.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.artiste{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f3/Picto_infobox_artiste.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.artsmartiauxjap{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/81/Picto_infobox_samourai.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.association{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Collaboration_logo_infobox.svg/50px-Collaboration_logo_infobox.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.athletisme{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Athletics_pictogram.svg/40px-Athletics_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.audio{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Gnome-speakernotes.png/35px-Gnome-speakernotes.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.auteur{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Picto_infobox_auteur.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.autogire{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Picto_Autogyro.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.automobile{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Picto_infobox_automobil.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.avion{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Airplane_silhouette_white.svg/40px-Airplane_silhouette_white.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.aviron{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Rowing_pictogram.svg/35px-Rowing_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.badminton{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Badminton_pictogram.svg/35px-Badminton_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.baseball{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Baseball_pictogram.svg/35px-Baseball_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.basket-ball{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Picto_Infobox_Basketball.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.bd{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2c/Picto_infobox_comicballoon.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.biathlon{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Biathlon_pictogram.svg/40px-Biathlon_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.biere{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/Picto_infobox_beer.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.book,.mw-parser-output .entete.universite{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/42/Picto_infobox_book.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.boxe{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Boxing_pictogram.svg/35px-Boxing_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.calendrier{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4a/Almanacco.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.camera{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Camera-photo.svg/120px-Camera-photo.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.canada{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/Picto_infobox_Canada.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.cardinal{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Picto_infobox_cardinal.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.catch{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/79/Picto_infobox_catch.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.chateau{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Picto_infobox_chateau.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.chimie{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Picto_infobox_chemistry_HUN.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.cinema{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Picto_infobox_cinema.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.commonwealth{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/db/Picto_infobox_Commonwealth.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.communication{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a2/Picto_infobox_antenna.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.cyclisme{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Cycling_%28road%29_pictogram.svg/45px-Cycling_%28road%29_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.deportation{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Picto_Infobox_deportation.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.diplomatie{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Picto_infobox_ambassade.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.disney{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/Picto_infobox_Disney.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.droit{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/40px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.drone-civil{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/ce/Picto_infobox_civil_drone.png")no-repeat top right;background-size:45px 45px}.mw-parser-output .entete.egypte-antique{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Picto_infobox_ancient_Egypt.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.entreprise{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Factory_black.png/40px-Factory_black.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.entreprise-blanc{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Factory_white.png/40px-Factory_white.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.equitation{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Equestrian_pictogram.svg/35px-Equestrian_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.escalade{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e1/Picto_infobox_escalade.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.escalade{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f4/Picto_infobox_alpinisme-escalade.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.escrime{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Fencing_pictogram.svg/35px-Fencing_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.espagne{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Picto_Infobox_Coat_of_Arms_of_Spain.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.eveque{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Picto_infobox_bishop.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.factory{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Picto_infobox_enterprise.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.floorball{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Floorball_pictogram.svg/35px-Floorball_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.fondeur{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Cross_country_skiing_pictogram.svg/40px-Cross_country_skiing_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.football{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Infobox_Football_pictogram.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.footballblack{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/Picto_infobox_fotbal_2.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.footUS{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4e/Picto_Foot_US.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.futsal{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Futsal_pictogram.svg/35px-Futsal_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.golf{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Golf_pictogram.svg/35px-Golf_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.grappe{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Icone_oenobox.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.gymnastique{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Gymnastics_%28artistic%29_pictogram.svg/35px-Gymnastics_%28artistic%29_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.handball{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Handball_pictogram_white.svg/35px-Handball_pictogram_white.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.handballblack{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Handball_pictogram.svg/35px-Handball_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.helicoptere{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fa/Picto_infobox_helicopter.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.hockey{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ee/Picto_Infobox_Ice_hockey.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.hockey-sur-gazon{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Field_hockey_pictogram.svg/35px-Field_hockey_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.hospitaliers{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Picto_infobox_Hospitaliers.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.humain{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/82/Picto_infobox_manwoman.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.informatique{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Picto-infoboxinfo.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.internet{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Web-browser-openclipart.svg/45px-Web-browser-openclipart.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.israel-judaisme{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a5/Picto_infobox_israel-judaisme.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.jeu{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Picto_infobox_Game.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.jeu-role{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d8/Picto_infobox_Jeu_de_rôle.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.jeuvideo,.mw-parser-output .entete.jeuvideov3{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Kontrollikon_1.0d_-_Grey.svg/35px-Kontrollikon_1.0d_-_Grey.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.judo{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Judo_pictogram.svg/40px-Judo_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.karate{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Karate_pictogram.svg/40px-Karate_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.kayak{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Canoeing_%28flatwater%29_pictogram.svg/35px-Canoeing_%28flatwater%29_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.kickboxing{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Kickboxing_pictogram.svg/40px-Kickboxing_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.lutte{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Wrestling_pictogram.svg/40px-Wrestling_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.macintosh{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Picto_infobox_Macintosh.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.malte{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e4/Picto_infobox_Malte.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.map{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Picto_infobox_map.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.medecine{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Picto_infobox_med.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.mets{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Picto_infobox_mets.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.militaire{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Picto_infobox_military.png")no-repeat top right;background-size:45px 45px}.mw-parser-output .entete.money,.mw-parser-output .entete.money_coin{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Money_Coin_Icon.svg/40px-Money_Coin_Icon.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.montreal-metro,.mw-parser-output .entete.metro{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Picto_infobox_Mtl_metro.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.montreal-train{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Picto_infobox_Mtl_train.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.moteur-avion{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9c/Picto_Infobox_moteur_d%27avion.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.mosque{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Picto_infobox_Mosque.svg/35px-Picto_infobox_Mosque.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.musee,.mw-parser-output .entete.museum,.mw-parser-output .entete.papyrus{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/Picto_infobox_papyrus.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.musique,.mw-parser-output .entete.music{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/60/Picto_infobox_music.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.natation{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Swimming_pictogram_white.png/35px-Swimming_pictogram_white.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.nations-unies{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Picto_infobox_UN.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.omnisports{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Sport3_icone.svg/35px-Sport3_icone.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.palace{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Pictogram_infobox_palace.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.paralympique{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/Picto_infobox_Paralympics.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.persofiction{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/37/Picto_infobox_masks.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.petrole{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Picto_Infobox_Oil.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.planeur{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/54/Picto_infobox_planeur.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.plateforme{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Picto_Infobox_Oil_Platform.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.poker{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Crystal_Clear_app_Cardgame-3.svg/50px-Crystal_Clear_app_Cardgame-3.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.presse{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/39/Picto_infobox_journal-ar.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.pretendant{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Picto_infobox_pr%C3%A9tendant_%C3%A0_un_tr%C3%B4ne.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.projet,.mw-parser-output .entete.project{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cb/Picto_infobox_tools.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.psychologie{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/77/Picto_infobox_psycho.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.quebec{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/21/Picto_infobox_Quebec.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.recherche{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/Picto_infobox_detective.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.rinkhockey{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Roller_hockey_pictogram.svg/35px-Roller_hockey_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.rome-antique{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Picto_infobox_Roman_military_banner.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.route{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e7/Infobox_road_pictogram.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.rugby{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/Picto_Infobox_Rugby.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.rugbyblack{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Rugby_union_pictogram.svg/35px-Rugby_union_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.satellite{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/Picto_infobox_satellite.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.sautski{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Ski_jumping_pictogram.svg/40px-Ski_jumping_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.science-fiction{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/Picto_infobox_fliyingsaucer.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.serie-video{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/Logo_television_blanc.png")no-repeat top right;background-size:45px 45px}.mw-parser-output .entete.ski-alpin{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Alpine_skiing_pictogram.svg/40px-Alpine_skiing_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.snooker{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Cue_sports_pictogram.svg/40px-Cue_sports_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.software{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fe/Picto_infobox_software.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.sport{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/Picto_infobox_Olympic.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.sport-automobile{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/af/Picto_infobox_sport_auto.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.squash{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Squash_pictogram.svg/35px-Squash_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.stadium{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Stadium.svg/40px-Stadium.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.starwars{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f7/Star_Wars_Infobox_Pictogram.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.surf{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Surfing_pictogram.svg/35px-Surfing_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.taekwondo{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Taekwondo_pictogram.svg/40px-Taekwondo_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.television{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a6/Picto_infobox_TV-T%26PC.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.templiers{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/30/Picto_infobox_Templiers.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.tennis{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Tennis_pictogram_white.svg/35px-Tennis_pictogram_white.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.tennis-de-table{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Table_tennis_pictogram_white.svg/40px-Table_tennis_pictogram_white.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.tennis-de-tableblack{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Table_tennis_pictogram.svg/35px-Table_tennis_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.timbre{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b3/Picto_infobox_Stamps.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.train{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Infobox_train.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.triathlon{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Triathlon_pictogram.svg/40px-Triathlon_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.ultimate{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Ultimate_pictogram.svg/70px-Ultimate_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.union-europeenne{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Picto_Infobox_Europe.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.video{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Tango-video-x-generic.png/35px-Tango-video-x-generic.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.voile{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Sailing_pictogram.svg/40px-Sailing_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.volleyball{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Volleyball_%28indoor%29_pictogram.svg/35px-Volleyball_%28indoor%29_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}.mw-parser-output .entete.water-polo{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Water_polo_pictogram.svg/40px-Water_polo_pictogram.svg.png")no-repeat top right}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6378726">@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sm_th{background-color:#27292d!important;color:#fff}}</style> </p> <table class="infobox infobox_v2" cellspacing="3px"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" class="entete map" style="line-height:1.5em; background-color:#8cccd1;color:#000000">ماکوتو کوبایاشی </th></tr> <tr><th scope="col" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#a7e8dd;color:#000000">(<a href="/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جاپانی زبان">جاپانی میں</a>: <span lang="ja">小林誠</span>)  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202164#P1559" title="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P1559) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P1559) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> </th> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#F9F9F9;color:#000000;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84:Mkobayashi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Mkobayashi.jpg" decoding="async" width="244" height="330" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="270" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>  </td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2"><hr style="height:2px;background-color: #E1E1E1;color:#E1E1E1;" /></td> </tr><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#a7e8dd;color:#000000"> معلومات شخصیت </th> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">پیدائش</th> <td style="">7 اپریل 1944ء (80 سال)<sup id="cite_ref-4bb56a19f4e0ee710aeb0be0f9cb4e7ed7d3e5f8_1-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 75%;"><a href="#cite_note-4bb56a19f4e0ee710aeb0be0f9cb4e7ed7d3e5f8-1">[1]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-df0cdf67fff61c6bd213d7d904e78d64ff995549_2-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 75%;"><a href="#cite_note-df0cdf67fff61c6bd213d7d904e78d64ff995549-2">[2]</a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202164#P569" title="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P569) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P569) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ناگویا">ناگویا</a>   <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202164#P19" title="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P19) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P19) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">شہریت</th> <td style=""><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84:Flag_of_Japan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/20px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/30px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جاپان">جاپان</a>   <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202164#P27" title="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P27) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P27) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> </tr><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#a7e8dd;color:#000000"> عملی زندگی </th> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">مقام_تدریس</th> <td style=""><a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%B9%D9%88_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C" title="کیوٹو یونیورسٹی">کیوٹو یونیورسٹی</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=KEK&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KEK (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">High Energy Accelerator Research Organization</a><sup id="cite_ref-kek_3-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 75%;"><a href="#cite_note-kek-3">[3]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hoddeson_4-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 75%;"><a href="#cite_note-hoddeson-4">[4]</a></sup></td> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">ڈاکٹری مشیر</th> <td style=""><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shoichi_Sakata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shoichi Sakata (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Shoichi Sakata</a></td> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">پیشہ</th> <td style="">نظریاتی طبیعیات دان ،  <a href="/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="طبیعیات دان">طبیعیات دان</a>   <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202164#P106" title="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P106) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P106) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">پیشہ ورانہ زبان</th> <td style=""><a href="/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جاپانی زبان">جاپانی</a>   <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202164#P1412" title="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P1412) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P1412) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">شعبۂ عمل</th> <td style=""><a href="/wiki/%D8%B0%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ذراتی طبیعیات">ذراتی طبیعیات</a>   <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202164#P101" title="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P101) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P101) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> </tr><tr> <th style="text-align: right; background-color:#F3F3F3;" scope="row">ملازمت</th> <td style=""><a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%B9%D9%88_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C" title="کیوٹو یونیورسٹی">کیوٹو یونیورسٹی</a>   <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202164#P108" title="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P108) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P108) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> </tr><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#a7e8dd;color:#000000">اعزازات </th> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:right;background-color:#F9F9F9;color:#000000;"><div style="max-height:180px; overflow: auto; padding: 2px 0 2px 5px; background-color:transparent;vertical-align:top;font-size:100%"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84:JPN_Bunka-kunsho_BAR.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/JPN_Bunka-kunsho_BAR.svg/30px-JPN_Bunka-kunsho_BAR.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/JPN_Bunka-kunsho_BAR.svg/45px-JPN_Bunka-kunsho_BAR.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/JPN_Bunka-kunsho_BAR.svg/60px-JPN_Bunka-kunsho_BAR.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span> آرڈر آف کلچر <small> (2008)</small><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84:Nobel_prize_medal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/30px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/45px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/60px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="نوبل انعام برائے طبیعیات">نوبل انعام برائے طبیعیات</a>  <small> (2008)</small><sup id="cite_ref-7f278c64c9aed0ba6b86603e5bb31290e6088550_5-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 75%;"><a href="#cite_note-7f278c64c9aed0ba6b86603e5bb31290e6088550-5">[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2aadacb799507856faaf0815929ae9a0041615fb_6-0" class="reference" style="font-size: 75%;"><a href="#cite_note-2aadacb799507856faaf0815929ae9a0041615fb-6">[6]</a></sup>  <span class="noprint"> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202164#P166" title="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P166) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں"><img alt="ویکی ڈیٹا پر (P166) کی خاصیت میں تبدیلی کریں" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/13px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/26px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></div></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#F9F9F9;color:#000000;"> </td></tr><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:right;background-color:#F9F9F9;color:#000000;"> </td></tr><tr> <td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px #8cccd1 dotted; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; text-align: left;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:right;"><a class="external text" href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&action=edit&section=0"><span style="color:#555;">درستی</span></a> - <a class="external text" href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&veaction=edit"><span style="color:#555;">ترمیم</span></a> </span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%86%DB%81:%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85" title="سانچہ دستاویز دیکھیے"><img alt="سانچہ دستاویز دیکھیے" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><i>مکوٹو کوبایاشی'</i> جاپان کے ایک طبیعیات دان تھے۔ انھوں نے طبیعیات کا نوبل انعام بھی جیتا یہ انعام 2008 میں انھوں نے اپنے ہم وطن سائنس دان <a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B4%DB%8C_%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DA%88_%D9%85%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7" title="توشی ہائڈ مسکوا">توشی ہائڈ مسکوا</a> کے ہمراہ بروکن سیمٹریی کی ابتدا کے حوالے سے کی گئی دریافت پر حاصل کیا تھا۔ </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="مزید_دیکھیے"><span id=".D9.85.D8.B2.DB.8C.D8.AF_.D8.AF.DB.8C.DA.A9.DA.BE.DB.8C.DB.92"></span>مزید دیکھیے</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&action=edit&section=1" title="تدوینِ قطعہ: مزید دیکھیے"><span>ترمیم</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="نوبل انعام برائے طبیعیات">نوبل انعام برائے طبیعیات</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="حوالہ_جات"><span id=".D8.AD.D9.88.D8.A7.D9.84.DB.81_.D8.AC.D8.A7.D8.AA"></span>حوالہ جات</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&action=edit&section=2" title="تدوینِ قطعہ: حوالہ جات"><span>ترمیم</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4721619">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4bb56a19f4e0ee710aeb0be0f9cb4e7ed7d3e5f8-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4bb56a19f4e0ee710aeb0be0f9cb4e7ed7d3e5f8_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brockhaus Enzyklopädie online ID: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/kobayashi-makoto">https://brockhaus.de/ecs/enzy/article/kobayashi-makoto</a> — بنام: Makoto Kobayashi — اخذ شدہ بتاریخ: 9 اکتوبر 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-df0cdf67fff61c6bd213d7d904e78d64ff995549-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-df0cdf67fff61c6bd213d7d904e78d64ff995549_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Munzinger person ID: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.munzinger.de/search/go/document.jsp?id=00000026824">https://www.munzinger.de/search/go/document.jsp?id=00000026824</a> — بنام: Makoto Kobayashi — اخذ شدہ بتاریخ: 9 اکتوبر 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kek-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kek_3-0"><sup><b>ا</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kek_3-1"><sup><b>ب</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kek_3-2"><sup><b>پ</b></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-d6fc3cf3">لوا خطا ماڈیول:Citation/CS1 میں 4492 سطر پر: attempt to index field 'url_skip' (a nil value)۔</span></strong></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hoddeson-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hoddeson_4-0"><sup><b>ا</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hoddeson_4-1"><sup><b>ب</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hoddeson_4-2"><sup><b>پ</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hoddeson_4-3"><sup><b>ت</b></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"> <span class="citation book">L. Hoddeson (1977)۔ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.de/books?id=klLUs2XUmOkC&pg=PA137">"Flavor Mixing and <i>CP</i> Violation"</a>۔ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.de/books?id=klLUs2XUmOkC">The Rise of the Standard Model</a>۔ <a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AC_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="کیمبرج یونیورسٹی پریس">کیمبرج یونیورسٹی پریس</a>۔ صفحہ: 137۔ <a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="رقم الكتاب المعياري الدولي">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%DB%8C_%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84/0-521-57816-7" title="خاص:کتابی وسائل/0-521-57816-7">0-521-57816-7</a></span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fur.wikipedia.org%3A%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88+%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&rft.atitle=Flavor+Mixing+and+CP+Violation&rft.au=L.+Hoddeson&rft.btitle=The+Rise+of+the+Standard+Model&rft.date=1977&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=0-521-57816-7&rft.pages=137&rft.pub=%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AC+%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C+%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.de%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DklLUs2XUmOkC%26pg%3DPA137&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6342468">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-right:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7f278c64c9aed0ba6b86603e5bb31290e6088550-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7f278c64c9aed0ba6b86603e5bb31290e6088550_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2008/">http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/2008/</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2aadacb799507856faaf0815929ae9a0041615fb-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2aadacb799507856faaf0815929ae9a0041615fb_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/about/amounts/">https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/about/amounts/</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">اخذ کردہ از «<a dir="ltr" href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ماکوتو_کوبایاشی&oldid=6027283">https://ur.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ماکوتو_کوبایاشی&oldid=6027283</a>»</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA:%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81" class="mw-redirect" title="معاونت:زمرہ">زمرہ جات</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7_%D9%BE%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%81_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%86%DB%92" title="زمرہ:لوا پر مبنی حوالہ جاتی سانچے">لوا پر مبنی حوالہ جاتی سانچے</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:1944%D8%A1_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B4%DB%8C%DA%BA" title="زمرہ:1944ء کی پیدائشیں">1944ء کی پیدائشیں</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:7_%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B4%DB%8C%DA%BA" title="زمرہ:7 اپریل کی پیدائشیں">7 اپریل کی پیدائشیں</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="زمرہ:نوبل انعام یافتگان برائے طبیعیات">نوبل انعام یافتگان برائے طبیعیات</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D8%A8%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="زمرہ:بقید حیات شخصیات">بقید حیات شخصیات</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85_%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA%DB%81" title="زمرہ:جاپانی نوبل انعام یافتہ">جاپانی نوبل انعام یافتہ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="زمرہ:ناگویا کی شخصیات">ناگویا کی شخصیات</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زمرہ:نظریاتی طبیعیات دان">نظریاتی طبیعیات دان</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زمرہ:جاپانی طبیعیات دان">جاپانی طبیعیات دان</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">پوشیدہ زمرہ جات: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%BE%D9%B9_%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B7" title="زمرہ:صفحات مع اسکرپٹ اغلاط">صفحات مع اسکرپٹ اغلاط</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%AC%D9%86_%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%BA_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%86_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84_%DB%81%DB%92" title="زمرہ:مضامین جن میں جاپانی زبان کا متن شامل ہے">مضامین جن میں جاپانی زبان کا متن شامل ہے</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%AA_P1559" title="زمرہ:صفحات مع خاصیت P1559">صفحات مع خاصیت P1559</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B9_%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%A7" title="زمرہ:صفحات مع ویکی ڈیٹا">صفحات مع ویکی ڈیٹا</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%AA_P18" title="زمرہ:صفحات مع خاصیت P18">صفحات مع خاصیت P18</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B9_%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%A7_%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%81_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="زمرہ:صفحات مع ویکی ڈیٹا حوالہ جات">صفحات مع ویکی ڈیٹا حوالہ جات</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%AA_P569" title="زمرہ:صفحات مع خاصیت P569">صفحات مع خاصیت P569</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%A7_%DA%A9%DB%92_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%86%DB%92_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%92_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="زمرہ:ویکی ڈیٹا کے مواد کا ستعمال کرنے والے صفحات">ویکی ڈیٹا کے مواد کا ستعمال کرنے والے صفحات</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%AA_P19" title="زمرہ:صفحات مع خاصیت P19">صفحات مع خاصیت P19</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%AA_P27" title="زمرہ:صفحات مع خاصیت P27">صفحات مع خاصیت P27</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%AA_P106" title="زمرہ:صفحات مع خاصیت P106">صفحات مع خاصیت P106</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%A7_%D8%B3%DB%92_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B0_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%81_%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%81_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زمرہ:ویکی ڈیٹا سے ماخوذ پیشہ ورانہ زبان">ویکی ڈیٹا سے ماخوذ پیشہ ورانہ زبان</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%A7_%D8%B3%DB%92_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B0_%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8%DB%82_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84" title="زمرہ:ویکی ڈیٹا سے ماخوذ شعبۂ عمل">ویکی ڈیٹا سے ماخوذ شعبۂ عمل</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D9%86%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%A7_%D8%B3%DB%92_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B0" title="زمرہ:نوکری ویکی ڈیٹا سے ماخوذ">نوکری ویکی ڈیٹا سے ماخوذ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B9_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%AA_P166" title="زمرہ:صفحات مع خاصیت P166">صفحات مع خاصیت P166</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%86%DB%81_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%81_%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B4%D8%AE%D8%B5%DB%8C%D8%AA_%DA%A9%DB%92_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%B1_%D9%BE%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%85%D9%84_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="زمرہ:سانچہ خانہ معلومات شخصیت کے نامعلوم پیرامیٹر پر مشتمل صفحات">سانچہ خانہ معلومات شخصیت کے نامعلوم پیرامیٹر پر مشتمل صفحات</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B2_%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81_%D8%AC%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B7_%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%A7_%D9%BE%D8%B1_%DB%81%DB%92" title="زمرہ:کامنز زمرہ جس کا ربط ویکی ڈیٹا پر ہے">کامنز زمرہ جس کا ربط ویکی ڈیٹا پر ہے</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%81:%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C_%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%B9%D8%A7_%D8%B3%DB%92_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D9%84%D9%81_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AA" title="زمرہ:ویکی ڈیٹا سے مختلف مختصر وضاحت">ویکی ڈیٹا سے مختلف مختصر وضاحت</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> اس صفحہ میں آخری بار مورخہ 8 فروری 2024ء کو 18:11 بجے ترمیم کی گئی۔</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">تمام متن <a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%88_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B2_%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%AA_%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%81" title="کریئیٹیو کامنز اجازت نامہ">کری ئیٹیو کامنز انتساب / یکساں-شراکت اجازت نامہ</a> کے تحت دستیاب ہے، اضافی شرائط بھی عائد ہو سکتی ہیں۔ تفصیل کے لیے <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">استعمال کی شرائط</a> ملاحظہ فرمائیں۔ خیال رہے کہ ویکیپیڈیا® ایک غیر منفعت بخش تنظیم <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wikimediafoundation.org/">ویکی میڈیا فاؤنڈیشن انکارپوریشن</a> کا تجارتی مارکہ ہے۔</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">اخفائے راز کے اصول</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%81">ویکیپیڈیا کا تعارف</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B8%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%82%DB%8C">عمومی اظہار لاتعلقی</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">ضابطۂ اخلاق</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">ترقی دہندگان</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ur.wikipedia.org">شماریات</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">کوکیز کی تفصیلات</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ur.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">موبائل سائٹ</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-gxw57","wgBackendResponseTime":207,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.387","walltime":"2.016","ppvisitednodes":{"value":21032,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":96072,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":17865,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":31,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":24,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":31642,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1978.509 1 -total"," 93.11% 1842.134 1 سانچہ:Infobox_scientist"," 92.08% 1821.812 1 سانچہ:خانہ_معلومات_شخصیت"," 44.59% 882.239 62 سانچہ:قيمة_ويكي_بيانات"," 38.72% 766.056 60 سانچہ:ص.م/سطر_مختلط_اختياري"," 20.02% 396.076 10 سانچہ:ص.م/عنوان_فرعي_اختياري"," 16.14% 319.413 1 سانچہ:ص.م/سطر_جوائز_ويكي_بيانات"," 15.67% 310.098 43 سانچہ:خانہ_معلومات/مخلوط_سطر_اختیاری_ويكي_بيانات2"," 15.61% 308.891 4 سانچہ:مداخل_على_سطور"," 15.28% 302.284 1 سانچہ:ص.م/ميلاد_ووفاة"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.825","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":14959278,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"y .. suffix1944ء کی پیدائشیں\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-958868bfc-dw9l4","timestamp":"20241104162235","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u0645\u0627\u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0634\u06cc","url":"https:\/\/ur.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B4%DB%8C","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q202164","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q202164","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2015-09-05T08:01:47Z","dateModified":"2024-02-08T18:11:09Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/8\/84\/Mkobayashi.jpg"}</script> </body> </html>