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Branca horitzontal - Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure

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</div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Portada" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Viquipèdia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ca.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.4375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l&#039;Enciclopèdia Lliure" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ca.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Especial:Cerca" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cerca a la Viquipèdia 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</div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Eines personals"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aparença</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ca" class=""><span>Donatius</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&amp;returnto=Branca+horitzontal" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&amp;returnto=Branca+horitzontal" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Inicia la sessió</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines personals" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines personals</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menú d&#039;usuari" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ca.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ca"><span>Donatius</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&amp;returnto=Branca+horitzontal" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Crea un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&amp;returnto=Branca+horitzontal" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Inicia la sessió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pàgines per a editors no registrats <a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Introducci%C3%B3" aria-label="Vegeu més informació sobre l&#039;edició"><span>més informació</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d&#039;aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Vegeu_també" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vegeu_també"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Vegeu també</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vegeu_també-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Branca horitzontal</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 27 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horisontale_tak" title="Horisontale tak - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Horisontale tak" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%81%D9%82%D9%8A" title="الفرع الأفقي - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الفرع الأفقي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ca%C3%B1a_horizontal" title="Caña horizontal - asturià" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Caña horizontal" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontalni_ogranak" title="Horizontalni ogranak - bosnià" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Horizontalni ogranak" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontalast" title="Horizontalast - alemany" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Horizontalast" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemany" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontal_branch" title="Horizontal branch - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Horizontal branch" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rama_horizontal" title="Rama horizontal - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rama horizontal" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adar_horizontal" title="Adar horizontal - basc" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Adar horizontal" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%82%DB%8C" title="شاخه افقی - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شاخه افقی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horisontaalihaara" title="Horisontaalihaara - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Horisontaalihaara" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Branche_horizontale" title="Branche horizontale - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Branche horizontale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramo_orizzontale" title="Ramo orizzontale - italià" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ramo orizzontale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%B9%B3%E5%88%86%E6%9E%9D" title="水平分枝 - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="水平分枝" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ჰორიზონტალური განშტოება - georgià" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰორიზონტალური განშტოება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%ED%8F%89%EA%B1%B0%EC%84%B1%EC%97%B4" title="수평거성열 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="수평거성열" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontalioji_seka" title="Horizontalioji seka - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Horizontalioji seka" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Хоризонтална гранка - macedoni" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Хоризонтална гранка" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabang_mengufuk" title="Cabang mengufuk - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Cabang mengufuk" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontale_tak" title="Horizontale tak - neerlandès" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Horizontale tak" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horisontal_kjempegren" title="Horisontal kjempegren - noruec bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Horisontal kjempegren" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruec bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramo_horizontal" title="Ramo horizontal - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ramo horizontal" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="article recomanat"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%8C" title="Горизонтальная ветвь - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Горизонтальная ветвь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizont%C3%A1lna_vetva" title="Horizontálna vetva - eslovac" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Horizontálna vetva" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovac" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horisontella_j%C3%A4ttegrenen" title="Horisontella jättegrenen - suec" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Horisontella jättegrenen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yatay_kol" title="Yatay kol - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yatay kol" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Горизонтальна гілка - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Горизонтальна гілка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E5%B9%B3%E5%88%86%E6%94%AF" title="水平分支 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="水平分支" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q50076#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Branca_horitzontal" title="Vegeu el contingut de la pàgina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Pàgina</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussi%C3%B3:Branca_horitzontal&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussió sobre el contingut d&#039;aquesta pàgina (encara no existeix) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">català</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Branca_horitzontal"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Branca_horitzontal&amp;action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d&#039;aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Branca_horitzontal&amp;action=history" title="Versions antigues d&#039;aquesta pàgina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Eines</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Més opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Branca_horitzontal"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Branca_horitzontal&amp;action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d&#039;aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Branca_horitzontal&amp;action=history"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a 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pàgina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citau&amp;page=Branca_horitzontal&amp;id=29388809&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informació sobre com citar aquesta pàgina"><span>Citau aquest article</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBranca_horitzontal"><span>Obtén una URL abreujada</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fca.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBranca_horitzontal"><span>Descarrega el codi QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimeix/exporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a 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l&#039;element del repositori de dades connectat [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element a Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aparença</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">amaga</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Viquipèdia, l&#039;enciclopèdia lliure</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ca" dir="ltr"><p>La <b>branca horitzontal</b><sup id="cite_ref-Lee_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lee-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> (RH, en anglès <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Horizontal_branch" class="extiw" title="w:en:Horizontal branch"><i>horizontal branch</i></a>) és un estadi de l'<a href="/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Evolució estel·lar">evolució estel·lar</a> que segueix immediatament al de branca de <a href="/wiki/Gegant_vermella" class="mw-redirect" title="Gegant vermella">gegant vermella</a>, en estrelles de massa similar a la del <a href="/wiki/Sol" title="Sol">Sol</a>. És, doncs, una de les fases tardanes de l'<a href="/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Evolució estel·lar">evolució estel·lar</a> de les <a href="/wiki/Estrella" class="mw-redirect" title="Estrella">estrelles</a> de massa intermèdia (0,5 M<sub>Sol</sub> &lt; M &lt; 9-10 M<sub>Sol</sub>) i baixa <a href="/wiki/Metal%C2%B7licitat" title="Metal·licitat">metal·licitat</a>. Aquesta fase rep aquest nom perquè les estrelles apareixen distribuïdes de manera quasi horitzontal en un diagrama de color-magnitud en el qual el color utilitzat és V-R o B-V i la magnitud V; per tant, són estrelles de magnitud visual quasi constant, però amb colors que poden variar des del blanc fins al vermell. Les estrelles de la branca horitzontal més calentes solen trobar-se a poca distància de la <a href="/wiki/Seq%C3%BC%C3%A8ncia_principal" title="Seqüència principal">seqüència principal</a>, mentre que les més fredes es troben prop de la branca de les <a href="/wiki/Gegant_vermella" class="mw-redirect" title="Gegant vermella">gegants vermelles</a>. La magnitud visual absoluta de les estrelles de la branca horitzontal sol estar entre 0,0 i 1,0; per tant, la seva lluminositat és d'aproximadament 50&#160;vegades la del Sol. </p><p>Aquest període en la fase d'una estrella es correspon amb la combustió d'<a href="/wiki/Heli" title="Heli">heli</a> en el seu nucli i va precedit per la fase de <a href="/wiki/Gegant_vermella" class="mw-redirect" title="Gegant vermella">gegant vermella</a> (en què es crema <a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen">hidrogen</a> en una capa al voltant del nucli inert d'heli). </p><p>Algunes estrelles de la branca horitzontal són variables <a href="/wiki/Variable_RR_Lyrae" title="Variable RR Lyrae">RR Lyrae</a>, que es caracteritzen per tenir un període proper a un dia. Aquestes estrelles s'usen per a mesurar la distància a objectes en la <a href="/wiki/Via_L%C3%A0ctia" title="Via Làctia">Via Làctia</a> i en <a href="/wiki/Gal%C3%A0xies" class="mw-redirect" title="Galàxies">galàxies</a> properes. </p><p>Un tipus d'estrelles relacionades són aquelles que pertanyen a l'anomenat <i><a href="/wiki/Agrupament_vermell" title="Agrupament vermell">agrupament vermell</a></i>, que són les relativament més joves de població I (estrelles d'alta <a href="/wiki/Metal%C2%B7licitat" title="Metal·licitat">metal·licitat</a>), equivalents a les de branca horitzontal de població II (estrelles de baixa metal·licitat). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vegeu_també"><span id="Vegeu_tamb.C3.A9"></span>Vegeu també</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Branca_horitzontal&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Vegeu també"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Evolució estel·lar">Evolució estel·lar</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Branca_horitzontal&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist &#123;&#123;#if: &#124; references-column-count references-column-count-&#123;&#123;&#123;col&#125;&#125;&#125;" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Lee-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Lee_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1990ApJ...350..155L">Lee, Y.-W. i cols. 1990, ApJ 350, 155</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Estrelles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: gold;"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plantilla:Estel" title="Plantilla:Estel"><img alt="Vegeu aquesta plantilla" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/18px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/27px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Commons-emblem-notice.svg/36px-Commons-emblem-notice.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></li></ul></div><div id="Estrelles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Estrella" class="mw-redirect" title="Estrella">Estrelles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lemonchiffon;"><a href="/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Evolució estel·lar">Evolució</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Formaci%C3%B3_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Formació estel·lar">Formació</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Evoluci%C3%B3_estel%C2%B7lar#La_preseqüència_principal_(PSP):_Del_núvol_molecular_a_l&#39;inici_de_la_combustió_d&#39;hidrogen" title="Evolució estel·lar">preseqüència principal (PSP)</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Seq%C3%BC%C3%A8ncia_principal" title="Seqüència principal">Seqüència principal</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Branca horitzontal</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Branca_asimpt%C3%B2tica_de_les_gegants" title="Branca asimptòtica de les gegants">Branca asimptòtica de les gegants</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Drenatge_(astronomia)" title="Drenatge (astronomia)">Drenatge</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Banda_d%27inestabilitat" title="Banda d&#39;inestabilitat">Banda d'inestabilitat</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Agrupament_vermell" title="Agrupament vermell">Agrupament vermell</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_predegenerada" title="Estrella predegenerada">Estrella predegenerada</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Variable_Mira" title="Variable Mira">Variable Mira</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Nebulosa_planet%C3%A0ria" title="Nebulosa planetària">Nebulosa planetària</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Nebulosa_protoplanet%C3%A0ria" title="Nebulosa protoplanetària">Nebulosa protoplanetària</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Nova_lluminosa_vermella" title="Nova lluminosa vermella">Nova lluminosa vermella</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Variable_lluminosa_blava" title="Variable lluminosa blava">Variable lluminosa blava</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_de_Wolf-Rayet" title="Estrella de Wolf-Rayet">Estrella de Wolf-Rayet</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Supernova_impostora" title="Supernova impostora">Supernova impostora</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">Supernova</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Hipernova" title="Hipernova">Hipernova</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Diagrama_de_Hertzsprung-Russell" title="Diagrama de Hertzsprung-Russell">Diagrama de Hertzsprung-Russell</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Diagrama_color-color" title="Diagrama color-color">Diagrama color-color</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lemonchiffon;"><a href="/wiki/Protoestrella" title="Protoestrella">Protoestrelles</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAvol_molecular" title="Núvol molecular">Núvol molecular</a> (<a href="/wiki/Regi%C3%B3_HII" class="mw-redirect" title="Regió HII">regió HII</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Gl%C3%B2bul_de_Bok" title="Glòbul de Bok">Glòbul de Bok</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Objecte_estel%C2%B7lar_jove" title="Objecte estel·lar jove">objecte estel·lar jove</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Objecte_de_Herbig-Haro" title="Objecte de Herbig-Haro">objecte de Herbig-Haro</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Traject%C3%B2ria_de_Hayashi" title="Trajectòria de Hayashi">Trajectòria de Hayashi</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADmit_de_Hayashi" title="Límit de Hayashi">Límit de Hayashi</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Traject%C3%B2ria_de_Henyey" title="Trajectòria de Henyey">Trajectòria de Henyey</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Variable_Ori%C3%B3" title="Variable Orió">Variable Orió</a> (<a href="/wiki/Estrella_T_Tauri" title="Estrella T Tauri">estrella T Tauri</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Estrella_FU_Orionis" title="Estrella FU Orionis">estrella FU Orionis</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_Herbig_Ae/Be" title="Estrella Herbig Ae/Be">Estrella Herbig Ae/Be</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lemonchiffon;">Lluminositat</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Estrella_subnana" title="Estrella subnana">Subnana</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_nana" class="mw-redirect" title="Estrella nana">Nana</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nana_Blava_(etapa_de_nana_vermella)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nana Blava (etapa de nana vermella)">Blava</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_K_V" title="Estrella K V">Taronja</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Nana_Vermella" class="mw-redirect" title="Nana Vermella">Vermella</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Nana_groga" title="Nana groga">Groga</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Nana_negra" title="Nana negra">Negra</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Nana_marr%C3%B3" title="Nana marró">Marró</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Subgegant" class="mw-redirect" title="Subgegant">Subgegant</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_gegant" title="Estrella gegant">Gegant</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gegant_blava" class="mw-redirect" title="Gegant blava">Blava</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Gegant_vermell" title="Gegant vermell">Vermell</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estel_gegant_llumin%C3%B3s" title="Estel gegant lluminós">Gegant lluminós</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_supergegant" title="Estrella supergegant">Supergegant</a> (<a href="/wiki/Supergegant_blava" class="mw-redirect" title="Supergegant blava">Blava</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Supergegant_vermella" class="mw-redirect" title="Supergegant vermella">Vermella</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Supergegant_groga" title="Supergegant groga">Groga</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estel_hipergegant" title="Estel hipergegant">Hipergegant</a> (<a href="/wiki/Estel_hipergegant_groc" title="Estel hipergegant groc">Groga</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Endarrerida_blava" title="Endarrerida blava">Endarrerida blava</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_amb_disc" class="mw-redirect" title="Estrella amb disc">estrella amb disc</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_de_carboni" title="Estrella de carboni">Carboni</a> (<a href="/wiki/Estel_CH" title="Estel CH">CH</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estel_de_bari" title="Estel de bari">Bari</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estel_de_tipus_S" title="Estel de tipus S">tipus S</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estel_peculiar" title="Estel peculiar">Peculiar</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estel_de_tecneci" title="Estel de tecneci">Tecneci</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_de_mercuri-mangan%C3%A8s" title="Estrella de mercuri-manganès">Mercuri-manganès</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_variable" title="Estrella variable">Variable</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lemonchiffon;"><a href="/wiki/Tipus_espectral" title="Tipus espectral">Tipus espectral</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Estrella_de_tipus_O" title="Estrella de tipus O">O</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Tipus_espectral#Classe_B" title="Tipus espectral">B</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Tipus_espectral#Classe_A" title="Tipus espectral">A</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Tipus_espectral#Classe_F" title="Tipus espectral">F</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Tipus_espectral#Classe_G" title="Tipus espectral">G</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Tipus_espectral#Classe_K" title="Tipus espectral">K</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Tipus_espectral#Classe_Be" title="Tipus espectral">Be</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Tipus_espectral#Classe_OB" title="Tipus espectral">OB</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_subnana_B" class="mw-redirect" title="Estrella subnana B">Estrella subnana B</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32;<a href="/wiki/Estrella_de_tipus_tardana" title="Estrella de tipus tardana">Estrella de tipus tardana</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estel_peculiar" title="Estel peculiar">Estel peculiar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Estrella_AM" title="Estrella AM">AM</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_Ap_i_Bp" class="mw-redirect" title="Estrella Ap i Bp">Ap/Bp</a> (<a href="/wiki/Estel_Ap_d%27oscil%C2%B7laci%C3%B3_r%C3%A0pida" title="Estel Ap d&#39;oscil·lació ràpida">estel Ap d'oscil·lació ràpida</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_de_carboni" title="Estrella de carboni">Carboni</a> (<a href="/wiki/Estel_CH" title="Estel CH">CH</a> (<a href="/wiki/Estrella_de_plom" title="Estrella de plom">Plom</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estel_de_tipus_S" title="Estel de tipus S">S</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estel_CN" title="Estel CN">CN</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estel_de_bari" title="Estel de bari">Bari</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_pobra_en_heli" title="Estrella pobra en heli">Pobra en heli</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_extrema_d%27heli" title="Estrella extrema d&#39;heli">Estrella extrema d'heli</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_Lambda_Bo%C3%B6tis" title="Estrella Lambda Boötis">Estrella Lambda Boötis</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_de_tecneci" class="mw-redirect" title="Estrella de tecneci">Tecneci</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_de_Mercuri-mangan%C3%A8s" class="mw-redirect" title="Estrella de Mercuri-manganès">Mercuri-manganès</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Variable_Gamma_Cassiopeiae" title="Variable Gamma Cassiopeiae">Gamma Cassiopeiae</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_Be" title="Estrella Be">Be</a> (<a href="/wiki/Estrella_amb_embolcall" title="Estrella amb embolcall">Embolcall</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_B(e)" title="Estrella B(e)">B[e]</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lemonchiffon;"><a href="/wiki/Estrella_compacta" title="Estrella compacta">Romanents</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Nana_blanca" title="Nana blanca">Nana blanca</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nana_negra" title="Nana negra">Nana negra</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_de_neutrons" title="Estrella de neutrons">Estrella de neutrons</a> (<a href="/wiki/P%C3%BAlsar" title="Púlsar">Púlsar</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Magnetar" title="Magnetar">Magnetar</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Forat_negre_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Forat negre estel·lar">Forat negre estel·lar</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lemonchiffon;"><a href="/wiki/Estrella_compacta#estrella_exòtica" title="Estrella compacta">Estrelles compactes exòtiques</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Estrella_de_quarks" class="mw-redirect" title="Estrella de quarks">Estrella de quarks</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_de_preons" class="mw-redirect" title="Estrella de preons">Estrella de preons</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_Q" title="Estrella Q">Estrella Q</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Bolla_de_pelussa_(teoria_de_cordes)" title="Bolla de pelussa (teoria de cordes)">Bolla de pelussa</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estel_de_bosons" title="Estel de bosons">Estel de bosons</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Gravastar" title="Gravastar">Gravastar</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estel_d%27energia_fosca" title="Estel d&#39;energia fosca">Estel d'energia fosca</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estel_negre_(Gravitaci%C3%B3_semicl%C3%A0ssica)" class="mw-redirect" title="Estel negre (Gravitació semiclàssica)">Estel negre</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Objecte_eternament_col%C2%B7lapsant" title="Objecte eternament col·lapsant">Objecte eternament col·lapsant</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lemonchiffon;">Estrelles fallides</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Nana_marr%C3%B3" title="Nana marró">Nana marró</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Sub-nana_marr%C3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub-nana marró">Sub-nana marró</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Planetar" title="Planetar">Planetar</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lemonchiffon;"><a href="/wiki/Estructura_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Estructura estel·lar">Estructura</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Astrosismologia" title="Astrosismologia">Astrosismologia</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Bombolla_de_vent_solar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombolla de vent solar">Bombolla de vent solar</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Camp_magn%C3%A8tic_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Camp magnètic estel·lar">Camp Magnètic</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Corona_solar" title="Corona solar">Corona</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Cromosfera" title="Cromosfera">Cromosfera</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Fotosfera" title="Fotosfera">Fotosfera</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADmit_d%27Eddington" title="Límit d&#39;Eddington">Lluminositat d'Eddington</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Nucli_solar" title="Nucli solar">Nucli solar</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Vent_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Vent estel·lar">Vent estel·lar</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Zona_de_convecci%C3%B3" title="Zona de convecció">Zona de convecció</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Zona_de_radiaci%C3%B3" title="Zona de radiació">Zona de radiació</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lemonchiffon;"><a href="/wiki/Sistema_d%27estrelles" title="Sistema d&#39;estrelles">Sistemes estel·lars</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Estrella_bin%C3%A0ria" title="Estrella binària">Binària</a><span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; (<a href="/wiki/Estrella_bin%C3%A0ria_de_contacte" title="Estrella binària de contacte">Contacte</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_bin%C3%A0ria_amb_embolcall_com%C3%BA" title="Estrella binària amb embolcall comú">Embolcall comú</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Bin%C3%A0ria_eclipsant" title="Binària eclipsant">Eclipsant</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Bin%C3%A0ria_simbi%C3%B2tica" title="Binària simbiòtica">Simbiòtica</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Sistema_d%27estrelles" title="Sistema d&#39;estrelles">Múltiple</a> (<a href="/wiki/C%C3%BAmul_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Cúmul estel·lar">Cúmul</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/C%C3%BAmul_obert" title="Cúmul obert">Obert</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/C%C3%BAmul_globular" title="Cúmul globular">Globular</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Superc%C3%BAmul_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Supercúmul estel·lar">Supercúmul</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Sistema_planetari" title="Sistema planetari">Sistema planetari</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lemonchiffon;"><a href="/wiki/Nucleos%C3%ADntesi_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Nucleosíntesi estel·lar">Nucleosíntesi</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Cadena_prot%C3%B3-prot%C3%B3" title="Cadena protó-protó">Cadena protó-protó</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Cicle_CNO" title="Cicle CNO">Cicle CNO</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Proc%C3%A9s_de_combusti%C3%B3_del_carboni" class="mw-redirect" title="Procés de combustió del carboni">Combustió del carboni</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Proc%C3%A9s_de_combusti%C3%B3_del_ne%C3%B3" title="Procés de combustió del neó">Combustió del neó</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Proc%C3%A9s_de_combusti%C3%B3_de_l%27oxigen" class="mw-redirect" title="Procés de combustió de l&#39;oxigen">Combustió de l'oxigen</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Proc%C3%A9s_de_combusti%C3%B3_del_silici" title="Procés de combustió del silici">Combustió del silici</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Flash_de_l%27heli" class="mw-redirect" title="Flash de l&#39;heli">Flash de l'heli</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Proc%C3%A9s_alfa" title="Procés alfa">Procés alfa</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Proc%C3%A9s_triple-alfa" title="Procés triple-alfa">Procés triple-alfa</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Proc%C3%A9s_R" title="Procés R">Procés R</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Proc%C3%A9s_S" title="Procés S">Procés S</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lemonchiffon;">Propietats</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px;line-height:1.5em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Tipus_espectral" title="Tipus espectral">Classificació</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Cinem%C3%A0tica_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Cinemàtica estel·lar">Cinemàtica</a> (<a href="/wiki/Moviment_propi" title="Moviment propi">Moviment propi</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Velocitat_radial" title="Velocitat radial">Velocitat radial</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Nomenclatura_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Nomenclatura estel·lar">Designació</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Din%C3%A0mica_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Dinàmica estel·lar">Dinàmica</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; Magnitud (<a href="/wiki/Magnitud_absoluta" title="Magnitud absoluta">Absoluta</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Magnitud_aparent" title="Magnitud aparent">Aparent</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Magnitud_fotogr%C3%A0fica" title="Magnitud fotogràfica">Fotogràfica</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Massa_solar" title="Massa solar">Massa</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Metal%C2%B7licitat" title="Metal·licitat">Metal·licitat</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Microturbul%C3%A8ncia" title="Microturbulència">Microturbulència</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Oscil%C2%B7lacions_de_tipus_solar" title="Oscil·lacions de tipus solar">Oscil·lacions</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Rotaci%C3%B3_estel%C2%B7lar" title="Rotació estel·lar">Rotació</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Sistema_d%27estrelles" title="Sistema d&#39;estrelles">Sistema d'estrelles</a> (<a href="/wiki/Estrella_bin%C3%A0ria" title="Estrella binària">Binari</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_bin%C3%A0ria_de_contacte" title="Estrella binària de contacte">Contacte</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Estrella_m%C3%BAltiple" title="Estrella múltiple">Múltiple</a>) <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; <a href="/wiki/Sistema_planetari" title="Sistema planetari">Sistema planetari</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;">&#160;·</span>&#32; 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