CINXE.COM

Stomatitis - Wikipedia

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Stomatitis - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"6cf38484-8df2-4dca-880f-4236296ddcd3","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Stomatitis","wgTitle":"Stomatitis","wgCurRevisionId":1244718944,"wgRevisionId":1244718944,"wgArticleId":2061975,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Short description is different from Wikidata","Inflammations","Oral mucosal pathology"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Stomatitis","wgRelevantArticleId":2061975,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q911386","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false}; RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&amp;modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.20"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Kwashiorkor_6180.jpg/1200px-Kwashiorkor_6180.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1799"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Kwashiorkor_6180.jpg/800px-Kwashiorkor_6180.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1199"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Kwashiorkor_6180.jpg/640px-Kwashiorkor_6180.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="959"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Stomatitis - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomatitis"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomatitis"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&amp;feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Stomatitis rootpage-Stomatitis skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&amp;wmf_medium=sidebar&amp;wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=Stomatitis" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&amp;returnto=Stomatitis" title="You&#039;re encouraged to log in; however, it&#039;s not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&amp;wmf_medium=sidebar&amp;wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&amp;returnto=Stomatitis" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&amp;returnto=Stomatitis" title="You&#039;re encouraged to log in; however, it&#039;s not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Causes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Causes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Causes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Causes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Causes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Causes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nutritional_deficiency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nutritional_deficiency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Nutritional deficiency</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nutritional_deficiency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aphthous_stomatitis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aphthous_stomatitis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Aphthous stomatitis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aphthous_stomatitis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Angular_stomatitis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Angular_stomatitis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Angular stomatitis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Angular_stomatitis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Denture-related_stomatitis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denture-related_stomatitis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Denture-related stomatitis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denture-related_stomatitis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Allergic_contact_stomatitis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Allergic_contact_stomatitis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Allergic contact stomatitis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Allergic_contact_stomatitis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Migratory_stomatitis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Migratory_stomatitis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Migratory stomatitis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Migratory_stomatitis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Herpetic_gingivostomatitis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Herpetic_gingivostomatitis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Herpetic gingivostomatitis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Herpetic_gingivostomatitis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Irradiation_and_chemotherapy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Irradiation_and_chemotherapy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Irradiation and chemotherapy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Irradiation_and_chemotherapy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Necrotizing_ulcerative_gingivostomatitis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Necrotizing_ulcerative_gingivostomatitis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>Necrotizing ulcerative gingivostomatitis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Necrotizing_ulcerative_gingivostomatitis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stomatitis_nicotina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stomatitis_nicotina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.10</span> <span>Stomatitis nicotina</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stomatitis_nicotina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chronic_ulcerative_stomatitis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chronic_ulcerative_stomatitis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.11</span> <span>Chronic ulcerative stomatitis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chronic_ulcerative_stomatitis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plasma_cell_gingivostomatitis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plasma_cell_gingivostomatitis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.12</span> <span>Plasma cell gingivostomatitis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plasma_cell_gingivostomatitis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_forms_of_stomatitis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_forms_of_stomatitis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.13</span> <span>Other forms of stomatitis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_forms_of_stomatitis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Stomatitis</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%85" title="التهاب الفم – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="التهاب الفم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomatit" title="Stomatit – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Stomatit" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82" title="Стаматыт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Стаматыт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82" title="Стаматыт – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Стаматыт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estomatitis" title="Estomatitis – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Estomatitis" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomatitida" title="Stomatitida – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Stomatitida" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mundf%C3%A4ule" title="Mundfäule – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mundfäule" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estomatitis" title="Estomatitis – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estomatitis" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estomatitis" title="Estomatitis – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Estomatitis" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="استوماتیت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="استوماتیت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomatite" title="Stomatite – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Stomatite" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EB%82%B4%EC%97%BC" title="구내염 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="구내염" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A2" title="Բերանաբորբ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բերանաբորբ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomatite" title="Stomatite – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Stomatite" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="სტომატიტი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სტომატიტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%83%D1%8B%D0%B7_%D1%83%D1%8B%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%8B" title="Ауыз уылуы – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ауыз уылуы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BB_(%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82)" title="Оозул (стоматит) – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Оозул (стоматит)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomatitas" title="Stomatitas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Stomatitas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="სტომატიტი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სტომატიტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomatitis" title="Stomatitis – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Stomatitis" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomatit" title="Stomatit – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Stomatit" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estomatite" title="Estomatite – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estomatite" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomatit%C4%83" title="Stomatită – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Stomatită" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Стоматит – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Стоматит" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suutulehdus" title="Suutulehdus – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Suutulehdus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomatit" title="Stomatit – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Stomatit" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF" title="வாயழற்சி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வாயழற்சி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stomatitis" title="Stomatitis – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Stomatitis" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Стоматит – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Стоматит" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%A3%E8%85%94%E7%82%8E" title="口腔炎 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="口腔炎" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q911386#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Stomatitis" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Stomatitis" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Stomatitis"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Stomatitis"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Stomatitis" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Stomatitis" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;oldid=1244718944" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&amp;page=Stomatitis&amp;id=1244718944&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FStomatitis"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FStomatitis"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Stomatitis&amp;action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Stomatitis" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q911386" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Inflammation of the mouth and lips</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Medical condition</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ccc">Stomatitis</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Kwashiorkor_6180.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Kwashiorkor_6180.jpg/220px-Kwashiorkor_6180.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Kwashiorkor_6180.jpg/330px-Kwashiorkor_6180.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Kwashiorkor_6180.jpg/440px-Kwashiorkor_6180.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1205" data-file-height="1806" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">An infant with stomatitis due to <a href="/wiki/Kwashiorkor" title="Kwashiorkor">kwashiorkor</a> and an accompanying Vitamin B deficiency.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Medical_specialty" title="Medical specialty">Specialty</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dermatology" title="Dermatology">Dermatology</a></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236303919">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}</style> <p><b>Stomatitis</b> is <a href="/wiki/Inflammation" title="Inflammation">inflammation</a> of the mouth and lips.<sup id="cite_ref-Zaoutis_2008_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zaoutis_2008-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It refers to any inflammatory process affecting the <a href="/wiki/Mucous_membrane" title="Mucous membrane">mucous membranes</a> of the mouth and lips, with or without <a href="/wiki/Oral_ulceration" class="mw-redirect" title="Oral ulceration">oral ulceration</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In its widest meaning, stomatitis can have a multitude of different causes and appearances. Common causes include infections, nutritional deficiencies, allergic reactions, radiotherapy, and many others. </p><p>When inflammation of the gums and the mouth generally presents itself, sometimes the term <i>gingivostomatitis</i> is used, though this is also sometimes used as a synonym for <a href="/wiki/Herpetic_gingivostomatitis" title="Herpetic gingivostomatitis">herpetic gingivostomatitis</a>. </p><p>The term is derived from&#32;<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>&#32;<i> </i>στόμα<i> (stoma)</i>&#160;<span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">mouth</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>&#32;and&#32;<i> </i>-ῖτις<i> (-itis)</i>&#160;<span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">inflammation</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Causes">Causes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Causes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nutritional_deficiency">Nutritional deficiency</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Nutritional deficiency"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Malnutrition" title="Malnutrition">Malnutrition</a> (improper dietary intake) or <a href="/wiki/Malabsorption" title="Malabsorption">malabsorption</a> (poor absorption of nutrients into the body) can lead to <a href="/wiki/Nutrition_disorder" class="mw-redirect" title="Nutrition disorder">nutritional deficiency states</a>, several of which can lead to stomatitis. For example, deficiencies of <a href="/wiki/Iron_deficiency" title="Iron deficiency">iron</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B2" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitamin B2">vitamin B2</a> (riboflavin),<sup id="cite_ref-Yamada2009_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yamada2009-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 490">&#58;&#8202;490&#8202;</span></sup> <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B3" title="Vitamin B3">vitamin B3</a> (niacin), <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B6" title="Vitamin B6">vitamin B6</a> (pyridoxine), <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B9" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitamin B9">vitamin B9</a> (folic acid) or <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B12" title="Vitamin B12">vitamin B12</a> (cobalamine) may all manifest as stomatitis. Iron is necessary for the upregulation of transcriptional elements for cell replication and repair. Lack of iron can cause genetic downregulation of these elements, leading to ineffective repair and regeneration of epithelial cells, especially in the mouth and lips. Many disorders which cause malabsorption can cause deficiencies, which in turn causes stomatitis. Examples include <a href="/wiki/Tropical_sprue" title="Tropical sprue">tropical sprue</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Yamada2009_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yamada2009-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 49">&#58;&#8202;49&#8202;</span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aphthous_stomatitis">Aphthous stomatitis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Aphthous stomatitis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Aphthous_stomatitis" title="Aphthous stomatitis">Aphthous stomatitis</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Aphthous_stomatitis" title="Aphthous stomatitis">Aphthous stomatitis</a> (canker sores) is the recurrent appearance of mouth ulcers in otherwise healthy individuals. The cause is not completely understood, but it is thought that the condition represents a <a href="/wiki/T_cell" title="T cell">T cell</a> mediated immune response which is triggered by a variety of factors. The individual ulcers (aphthae) recur periodically and heal completely, although in the more severe forms, new ulcers may appear in other parts of the mouth before the old ones have finished healing. Aphthous stomatitis is one of the most common diseases of the <a href="/wiki/Oral_mucosa" title="Oral mucosa">oral mucosa</a>, and is thought to affect about 20% of the general population to some degree.<sup id="cite_ref-Neville_2002_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neville_2002-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The symptoms range from a minor nuisance to being disabling in their impact on eating, swallowing, and talking, and the severe forms can cause people to lose weight. There is no cure for aphthous stomatitis,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and therapies are aimed at alleviating the pain, reducing the inflammation and promoting healing of the ulcers, but there is little evidence of efficacy for any treatment that has been used. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Angular_stomatitis">Angular stomatitis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Angular stomatitis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Angular_cheilitis" title="Angular cheilitis">Angular cheilitis</a></div> <p>Inflammation of the corners (angles) of the lips is termed angular stomatitis or angular cheilitis. In children a frequent cause is repeated lip-licking, and in adults it may be a sign of underlying <a href="/wiki/Iron_deficiency_anemia" class="mw-redirect" title="Iron deficiency anemia">iron deficiency anemia</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B" class="mw-redirect" title="Vitamin B">vitamin B</a> deficiencies (<i>e.g.</i>, B<sub>2</sub>-<a href="/wiki/Riboflavin" title="Riboflavin">riboflavin</a>, B<sub>9</sub>-<a href="/wiki/Folate" title="Folate">folate</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Vitamin_B12" title="Vitamin B12">B<sub>12</sub></a>-<a href="/wiki/Cobalamin" class="mw-redirect" title="Cobalamin">cobalamin</a>, which in turn may be evidence of poor diets or malnutrition such as <a href="/wiki/Celiac_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Celiac disease">celiac disease</a>). </p><p>Also, angular cheilitis can be caused by a patient's jaws at rest being 'overclosed' due to <a href="/wiki/Edentulous" class="mw-redirect" title="Edentulous">edentulousness</a> or <a href="/wiki/Tooth_wear" title="Tooth wear">tooth wear</a>, causing the jaws to come to rest closer together than if the complete/unaffected <a href="/wiki/Dentition" title="Dentition">dentition</a> were present. This causes skin folds around the angle of the mouth which are kept moist by saliva, which in turn favours infection; mostly by <i>Candida albicans</i> or similar species. Treatment usually involves the administration of topical <a href="/wiki/Nystatin" title="Nystatin">nystatin</a> or similar <a href="/wiki/Antifungal_medication" class="mw-redirect" title="Antifungal medication">antifungal</a> agents. Another treatment can be to correct the jaw relationship with dental treatment (<i>e.g.</i>, <a href="/wiki/Denture" class="mw-redirect" title="Denture">dentures</a> or <a href="/wiki/Occlusion_(dentistry)" title="Occlusion (dentistry)">occlusal</a> adjustment). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Denture-related_stomatitis">Denture-related stomatitis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Denture-related stomatitis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Denture-related_stomatitis" title="Denture-related stomatitis">Denture-related stomatitis</a></div> <p>This is a common condition present in <a href="/wiki/Denture" class="mw-redirect" title="Denture">denture</a> wearers. It appears as reddened but painless mucosa beneath the denture. 90% of cases are associated with <a href="/wiki/Candida_(fungus)" title="Candida (fungus)"><i>Candida</i> species</a>, and it is the most common form of <a href="/wiki/Oral_candidiasis" title="Oral candidiasis">oral candidiasis</a>. Treatment is by <a href="/wiki/Antifungal_medication" class="mw-redirect" title="Antifungal medication">antifungal medication</a> and improved dental hygiene, such as not wearing the denture during sleep. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Allergic_contact_stomatitis">Allergic contact stomatitis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Allergic contact stomatitis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Allergic contact stomatitis (also termed "allergic gingivostomatitis" or "allergic contact gingivostomatitis")<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Type_IV_hypersensitivity" title="Type IV hypersensitivity">type IV (delayed) hypersensitivity</a> reaction that occurs in susceptible <a href="/wiki/Atopy" title="Atopy">atopic</a> individuals when <a href="/wiki/Allergen" title="Allergen">allergens</a> penetrate the skin or <a href="/wiki/Mucosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Mucosa">mucosa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Glick2003_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glick2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Allergens, which may be different for different individuals, combine with <a href="/wiki/Epithelial" class="mw-redirect" title="Epithelial">epithelial</a>-derived <a href="/wiki/Protein" title="Protein">proteins</a>, forming <a href="/wiki/Hapten" title="Hapten">haptens</a> which bind with <a href="/wiki/Langerhans_cell" title="Langerhans cell">Langerhans cells</a> in the mucosa, which in turn present the antigen on their surface to <a href="/wiki/T_lymphocyte" class="mw-redirect" title="T lymphocyte">T lymphocytes</a>, sensitizing them to that antigen and causing them to produce many specific <a href="/wiki/Clone_(cell_biology)" title="Clone (cell biology)">clones</a>. The second time that specific antigen is encountered, an inflammatory reaction is triggered at the site of exposure.<sup id="cite_ref-Glick2003_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glick2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Allergic contact stomatitis is less common than <a href="/wiki/Allergic_contact_dermatitis" title="Allergic contact dermatitis">allergic contact dermatitis</a> because the mouth is coated in saliva, which washes away antigens and acts as a barrier.<sup id="cite_ref-Glick2003_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glick2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The oral mucosa is also more vascular (has a better blood supply) than skin, meaning that any antigens are more quickly removed from the area by the circulation.<sup id="cite_ref-Glick2003_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glick2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Finally, there is substantially less <a href="/wiki/Keratin" title="Keratin">keratin</a> in <a href="/wiki/Oral_mucosa" title="Oral mucosa">oral mucosa</a>, meaning that there is less likelihood that haptens will form.<sup id="cite_ref-Glick2003_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glick2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Allergic contact stomatitis appears as non-specific inflammation, so it may be mistaken for chronic physical irritation.<sup id="cite_ref-Glick2003_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glick2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> There may be burning or soreness of the mouth and ulceration.<sup id="cite_ref-Glick2003_7-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glick2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Chronic exposure to the allergen may result in a <a href="/wiki/Lichen_planus" title="Lichen planus">lichenoid lesion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Glick2003_7-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glick2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Plasma_cell_gingivitis" title="Plasma cell gingivitis">Plasma cell gingivitis</a> may also occur, which may be accompanied by <a href="/wiki/Glossitis" title="Glossitis">glossitis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cheilitis" title="Cheilitis">cheilitis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Glick2003_7-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glick2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Epikutanni-test.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Epikutanni-test.jpg/180px-Epikutanni-test.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Epikutanni-test.jpg/270px-Epikutanni-test.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Epikutanni-test.jpg/360px-Epikutanni-test.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Patch_test" title="Patch test">Patch test</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Allergens that may cause allergic contact stomatitis in some individuals include <a href="/wiki/Cinnamaldehyde" title="Cinnamaldehyde">cinnamaldehyde</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balsam_of_Peru" title="Balsam of Peru">Balsam of Peru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peppermint" title="Peppermint">peppermint</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(element)" title="Mercury (element)">mercury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gold" title="Gold">gold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pyrophosphate" title="Pyrophosphate">pyrophosphates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zinc_citrate" class="mw-redirect" title="Zinc citrate">zinc citrate</a>, free <a href="/wiki/Acrylate_polymer" title="Acrylate polymer">acrylic</a> monomer, <a href="/wiki/Nickel" title="Nickel">nickel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fluoride" title="Fluoride">fluoride</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sodium_lauryl_sulfate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sodium lauryl sulfate">sodium lauryl sulfate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Glick2003_7-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glick2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-google2_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google2-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-google5_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google5-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dermnetnz1_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dermnetnz1-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> These allergens may originate from many sources, including various foods and drink, chewing gum, toothpaste, mouthwash, dental floss, dental fillings, dentures, orthodontic bands or wires, and many other sources.<sup id="cite_ref-Glick2003_7-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glick2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> If the substance containing the allergen comes into contact with the lips, <a href="/wiki/Allergic_contact_cheilitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Allergic contact cheilitis">allergic contact cheilitis</a> can occur, together with allergic contact stomatitis. </p><p>The diagnosis is confirmed by <a href="/wiki/Patch_test" title="Patch test">patch test</a>, and management is by avoidance of exposure to the allergen.<sup id="cite_ref-Glick2003_7-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Glick2003-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Migratory_stomatitis">Migratory stomatitis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Migratory stomatitis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geographic_tongue" title="Geographic tongue">Geographic tongue</a></div> <p>Migratory stomatitis (or geographic stomatitis) is an atypical presentation of a condition which normally presents on the tongue, termed geographic tongue. Geographic tongue is so named because there are <a href="/wiki/Atrophy" title="Atrophy">atrophic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erythema" title="Erythema">erythematous</a> areas of <a href="/wiki/Depapillation" class="mw-redirect" title="Depapillation">depapillation</a> that migrate over time, giving a map-like appearance. </p><p>In migratory stomatitis, other mucosal sites in the mouth, such as the ventral surface (undersurface) of the tongue, buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, soft palate, or floor of mouth may be afflicted with identical lesions, usually in addition to the tongue.<sup id="cite_ref-Bruch_2010_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bruch_2010-14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Apart from not being restricted to the tongue, migratory stomatitis is an identical condition in every regard to geographic tongue. Another synonym for geographic tongue which uses the term stomatitis is "stomatitis areata migrans". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Herpetic_gingivostomatitis">Herpetic gingivostomatitis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Herpetic gingivostomatitis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stomatitis_herpetica.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Stomatitis_herpetica.jpg/220px-Stomatitis_herpetica.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Stomatitis_herpetica.jpg/330px-Stomatitis_herpetica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Stomatitis_herpetica.jpg/440px-Stomatitis_herpetica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Herpetic stomatitis (herpetic gingivostomatitis)</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Herpetic_gingivostomatitis" title="Herpetic gingivostomatitis">Herpetic gingivostomatitis</a></div> <p>This is inflammation of the mouth caused by <a href="/wiki/Herpes_simplex_virus" title="Herpes simplex virus">herpes simplex virus</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Irradiation_and_chemotherapy">Irradiation and chemotherapy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Irradiation and chemotherapy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Stomatitis may also be caused by chemotherapy, or radiation therapy of the oropharyngeal area.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The term <i><a href="/wiki/Mucositis" title="Mucositis">mucositis</a></i> is sometimes used synonymously with stomatitis, however the former usually refers to mucosal reactions to <a href="/wiki/Radiotherapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiotherapy">radiotherapy</a> or <a href="/wiki/Chemotherapy" title="Chemotherapy">chemotherapy</a>, and may occur anywhere in the gastrointestinal tract and not just in the mouth.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Necrotizing_ulcerative_gingivostomatitis">Necrotizing ulcerative gingivostomatitis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Necrotizing ulcerative gingivostomatitis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See <a href="/wiki/Necrotizing_periodontal_diseases" title="Necrotizing periodontal diseases">Necrotizing periodontal diseases</a></div> <p>The term <i>necrotizing ulcerative gingivostomatitis</i> is sometimes used as a synonym of the necrotizing periodontal disease more commonly termed <a href="/wiki/Necrotizing_ulcerative_gingivitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis">necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis</a>, or a more severe form (also termed necrotizing stomatitis). The term <i>necrotizing gingivostomatitis</i> is also sometimes used.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stomatitis_nicotina">Stomatitis nicotina</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: Stomatitis nicotina"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Stomatitis_nicotina" title="Stomatitis nicotina">Stomatitis nicotina</a></div> <p>Also called smoker's palatal keratosis,<sup id="cite_ref-Coulthard2008_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coulthard2008-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 176">&#58;&#8202;176&#8202;</span></sup> this condition may occur in smokers, especially pipe smokers. The palate appears dry and cracked, and white from <a href="/wiki/Keratosis" title="Keratosis">keratosis</a>. The minor <a href="/wiki/Salivary_gland" title="Salivary gland">salivary glands</a> appear as small, red and swollen bumps. It is not a <a href="/wiki/Premalignant_condition" class="mw-redirect" title="Premalignant condition">premalignant condition</a>, and the appearance reverses if the smoking is stopped.<sup id="cite_ref-Coulthard2008_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coulthard2008-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 176">&#58;&#8202;176&#8202;</span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chronic_ulcerative_stomatitis">Chronic ulcerative stomatitis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: Chronic ulcerative stomatitis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chronic ulcerative stomatitis is a condition with specific immunopathologic features, which was first described in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-Azzi2019_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Azzi2019-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It is characterized by <a href="/wiki/Mouth_ulcer#Definition" title="Mouth ulcer">erosions</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oral_ulceration" class="mw-redirect" title="Oral ulceration">ulcerations</a> which relapse and remit. Lesions are located on the buccal mucosa (inside of the cheeks) or on the <a href="/wiki/Gingiva" class="mw-redirect" title="Gingiva">gingiva</a> (gums).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Fourie_2011_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fourie_2011-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> The condition resembles <a href="/wiki/Lichen_planus#Oral_lichen_planus" title="Lichen planus">oral lichen planus</a> when biopsied. </p><p>The diagnosis is made by microscopic examination of biopsy tissue: direct <a href="/wiki/Immunofluorescence" title="Immunofluorescence">immunofluorescence</a> can reveal the presence of <a href="/wiki/Antinuclear_antibodies" class="mw-redirect" title="Antinuclear antibodies">antinuclear antibodies</a> specifically directed against the <a href="/wiki/TP63#Function" title="TP63">ΔNp63α form of the p63 protein</a>, which is normally expressed within the <a href="/wiki/Basal_layer" class="mw-redirect" title="Basal layer">basal layer</a> of <a href="/wiki/Stratified_squamous_epithelium" title="Stratified squamous epithelium">stratified epithelium</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Azzi2019_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Azzi2019-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Treatment with <a href="/wiki/Hydroxychloroquine" title="Hydroxychloroquine">hydroxychloroquine</a> can be effective.<sup id="cite_ref-Azzi2019_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Azzi2019-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Plasma_cell_gingivostomatitis">Plasma cell gingivostomatitis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: Plasma cell gingivostomatitis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Plasma_cell_gingivitis" title="Plasma cell gingivitis">plasma cell gingivitis</a></div> <p>Terms such as <i>plasma cell gingivostomatitis</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-Neville_2001_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Neville_2001-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <i>atypical gingivostomatitis</i> and <i>idiopathic gingivostomatitis</i><sup id="cite_ref-Janam_2012_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janam_2012-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> are sometimes a synonym for plasma cell gingivitis, or specifically to refer to a severe form of plasma cell gingivitis. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_forms_of_stomatitis">Other forms of stomatitis</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section: Other forms of stomatitis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Periodic_fever,_aphthous_stomatitis,_pharyngitis_and_adenitis" title="Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis">Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis</a> (PFAPA) syndrome—occurs in children.</li> <li>Uremic stomatitis—a rare form of stomatitis that occurs with <a href="/wiki/Kidney_failure" title="Kidney failure">kidney failure</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Laskaris_2005_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Laskaris_2005-25"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyostomatitis_vegetans" title="Pyostomatitis vegetans">Pyostomatitis vegetans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bovine_papular_stomatitis" title="Bovine papular stomatitis">Bovine papular stomatitis</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Zaoutis_2008-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Zaoutis_2008_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBergelsonShahZaoutis2008" class="citation book cs1">Bergelson, Jeffrey M.; Shah, Samir S.; Zaoutis, Theoklis E., eds. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=e9rT3TcDYNAC&amp;q=stomatitis+definition&amp;pg=PT361"><i>Pediatric infectious diseases</i></a>. Philadelphia: Mosby/Elsevier. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780323076333" title="Special:BookSources/9780323076333"><bdi>9780323076333</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Pediatric+infectious+diseases&amp;rft.place=Philadelphia&amp;rft.pub=Mosby%2FElsevier&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=9780323076333&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3De9rT3TcDYNAC%26q%3Dstomatitis%2Bdefinition%26pg%3DPT361&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStewartSalesnick2010" class="citation book cs1">Stewart, Michael G.; Salesnick, Samuel H., eds. (2010-10-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p-rSREngtBUC&amp;q=stomatitis+definition&amp;pg=PT151">"35"</a>. <i>Differential diagnosis in otolaryngology – head and neck surgery</i>. New York: Thieme. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781604062793" title="Special:BookSources/9781604062793"><bdi>9781604062793</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230111125625/https://books.google.com/books?id=p-rSREngtBUC&amp;q=stomatitis+definition&amp;pg=PT151">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-01-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-11-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=35&amp;rft.btitle=Differential+diagnosis+in+otolaryngology+%E2%80%93+head+and+neck+surgery&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pub=Thieme&amp;rft.date=2010-10-04&amp;rft.isbn=9781604062793&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dp-rSREngtBUC%26q%3Dstomatitis%2Bdefinition%26pg%3DPT151&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yamada2009-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Yamada2009_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Yamada2009_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYamadaAlpers2009" class="citation book cs1">Yamada T, Alpers DH, et&#160;al. (2009). <i>Textbook of gastroenterology</i> (5th&#160;ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Blackwell Pub. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-6911-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-6911-0"><bdi>978-1-4051-6911-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Textbook+of+gastroenterology&amp;rft.place=Chichester%2C+West+Sussex&amp;rft.edition=5th&amp;rft.pub=Blackwell+Pub.&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4051-6911-0&amp;rft.aulast=Yamada&amp;rft.aufirst=T&amp;rft.au=Alpers%2C+DH&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Neville_2002-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Neville_2002_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNevilleDammAllenBouquot2002" class="citation book cs1">Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM, Bouquot JE (2002). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oralmaxillofacia00nevi"><i>Oral &amp; maxillofacial pathology</i></a></span> (2nd&#160;ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. pp.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oralmaxillofacia00nevi/page/n265">253</a>–284. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0721690032" title="Special:BookSources/978-0721690032"><bdi>978-0721690032</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Oral+%26+maxillofacial+pathology&amp;rft.place=Philadelphia&amp;rft.pages=253-284&amp;rft.edition=2nd&amp;rft.pub=W.B.+Saunders&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.isbn=978-0721690032&amp;rft.aulast=Neville&amp;rft.aufirst=BW&amp;rft.au=Damm%2C+DD&amp;rft.au=Allen%2C+CM&amp;rft.au=Bouquot%2C+JE&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foralmaxillofacia00nevi&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrocklehurstTickle,_MGlenny,_AMLewis,_MA2012" class="citation journal cs1">Brocklehurst, P; Tickle, M; Glenny, AM; Lewis, MA; Pemberton, MN; Taylor, J; Walsh, T; Riley, P; Yates, JM (Sep 12, 2012). Brocklehurst, Paul (ed.). "Systemic interventions for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (mouth ulcers)". <i>The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews</i>. <b>9</b> (9): CD005411. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F14651858.CD005411.pub2">10.1002/14651858.CD005411.pub2</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22972085">22972085</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Cochrane+Database+of+Systematic+Reviews&amp;rft.atitle=Systemic+interventions+for+recurrent+aphthous+stomatitis+%28mouth+ulcers%29.&amp;rft.volume=9&amp;rft.issue=9&amp;rft.pages=CD005411&amp;rft.date=2012-09-12&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F14651858.CD005411.pub2&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22972085&amp;rft.aulast=Brocklehurst&amp;rft.aufirst=P&amp;rft.au=Tickle%2C+M&amp;rft.au=Glenny%2C+AM&amp;rft.au=Lewis%2C+MA&amp;rft.au=Pemberton%2C+MN&amp;rft.au=Taylor%2C+J&amp;rft.au=Walsh%2C+T&amp;rft.au=Riley%2C+P&amp;rft.au=Yates%2C+JM&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKanervaAlanko,_K.Estlander,_T.1999" class="citation journal cs1">Kanerva, L.; Alanko, K.; Estlander, T. (1 December 1999). "Allergic contact gingivostomatitis from a temporary crown made of methacrylates and epoxy diacrylates". <i>Allergy</i>. <b>54</b> (12): <span class="nowrap">1316–</span>1321. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1034%2Fj.1398-9995.1999.00074.x">10.1034/j.1398-9995.1999.00074.x</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10688437">10688437</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:11805635">11805635</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Allergy&amp;rft.atitle=Allergic+contact+gingivostomatitis+from+a+temporary+crown+made+of+methacrylates+and+epoxy+diacrylates&amp;rft.volume=54&amp;rft.issue=12&amp;rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1316-%3C%2Fspan%3E1321&amp;rft.date=1999-12-01&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A11805635%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10688437&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1034%2Fj.1398-9995.1999.00074.x&amp;rft.aulast=Kanerva&amp;rft.aufirst=L.&amp;rft.au=Alanko%2C+K.&amp;rft.au=Estlander%2C+T.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Glick2003-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Glick2003_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glick2003_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glick2003_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glick2003_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glick2003_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glick2003_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glick2003_7-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glick2003_7-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glick2003_7-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glick2003_7-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glick2003_7-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Glick2003_7-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGreenbergGlick2003" class="citation book cs1">Greenberg MS, Glick M (2003). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/burketsoralmedic00burk"><i>Burket's oral medicine diagnosis &amp; treatment</i></a></span> (10th&#160;ed.). Hamilton, Ont.: BC Decker. pp.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/burketsoralmedic00burk/page/n73">60</a>, 61. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1550091861" title="Special:BookSources/978-1550091861"><bdi>978-1550091861</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Burket%27s+oral+medicine+diagnosis+%26+treatment&amp;rft.place=Hamilton%2C+Ont.&amp;rft.pages=60%2C+61&amp;rft.edition=10th&amp;rft.pub=BC+Decker&amp;rft.date=2003&amp;rft.isbn=978-1550091861&amp;rft.aulast=Greenberg&amp;rft.aufirst=MS&amp;rft.au=Glick%2C+M&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fburketsoralmedic00burk&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google2-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google2_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGottfried_SchmalzDorthe_Arenholt_Bindslev2008" class="citation book cs1">Gottfried Schmalz; Dorthe Arenholt Bindslev (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mrreTHuo54wC&amp;q=balsam+of+peru+allergy&amp;pg=PA352"><i>Biocompatibility of Dental Materials</i></a>. Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783540777823" title="Special:BookSources/9783540777823"><bdi>9783540777823</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Biocompatibility+of+Dental+Materials&amp;rft.pub=Springer&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=9783540777823&amp;rft.au=Gottfried+Schmalz&amp;rft.au=Dorthe+Arenholt+Bindslev&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmrreTHuo54wC%26q%3Dbalsam%2Bof%2Bperu%2Ballergy%26pg%3DPA352&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google5-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google5_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThomas_P._Habif2009" class="citation book cs1">Thomas P. Habif (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kDWlWR5UbqQC&amp;q=%22balsam+of+peru%22+allergy&amp;pg=PT530"><i>Clinical Dermatology</i></a>. Elsevier Health Sciences. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0323080378" title="Special:BookSources/978-0323080378"><bdi>978-0323080378</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 6,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Clinical+Dermatology&amp;rft.pub=Elsevier+Health+Sciences&amp;rft.date=2009&amp;rft.isbn=978-0323080378&amp;rft.au=Thomas+P.+Habif&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkDWlWR5UbqQC%26q%3D%2522balsam%2Bof%2Bperu%2522%2Ballergy%26pg%3DPT530&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEdward_T._BopeRick_D._Kellerman2013" class="citation book cs1">Edward T. Bope; Rick D. Kellerman (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fmwYAgAAQBAJ&amp;q=%22balsam+of+peru%22+allergy&amp;pg=PT264"><i>Conn's Current Therapy 2014: Expert Consult</i></a>. Elsevier Health Sciences. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780323225724" title="Special:BookSources/9780323225724"><bdi>9780323225724</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230110200718/https://books.google.com/books?id=fmwYAgAAQBAJ&amp;q=%22balsam+of+peru%22+allergy&amp;pg=PT264">Archived</a> from the original on January 10, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 6,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Conn%27s+Current+Therapy+2014%3A+Expert+Consult&amp;rft.pub=Elsevier+Health+Sciences&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.isbn=9780323225724&amp;rft.au=Edward+T.+Bope&amp;rft.au=Rick+D.+Kellerman&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfmwYAgAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522balsam%2Bof%2Bperu%2522%2Ballergy%26pg%3DPT264&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dermnetnz1-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dermnetnz1_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dermnetnz.org/dermatitis/balsam-of-peru-allergy.html">"Balsam of Peru contact allergy"</a>. Dermnetnz.org. December 28, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140305094411/http://dermnetnz.org/dermatitis/balsam-of-peru-allergy.html">Archived</a> from the original on March 5, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Balsam+of+Peru+contact+allergy&amp;rft.pub=Dermnetnz.org&amp;rft.date=2013-12-28&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdermnetnz.org%2Fdermatitis%2Fbalsam-of-peru-allergy.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. p. 63. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7216-2921-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-7216-2921-0">0-7216-2921-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J. J. Shea, M.D., F.A.C.A., S. M. Gillespie, M.D., G. L. Waldbott, M.D. Allergy to Fluoride. Annals of Allergy, Volume 25, July, 1967</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bruch_2010-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bruch_2010_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTreisterBruch2010" class="citation book cs1">Treister NS, Bruch JM (2010). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/clinicaloralmedi00bruc"><i>Clinical oral medicine and pathology</i></a></span>. New York: Humana Press. pp.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/clinicaloralmedi00bruc/page/n30">20</a>, 21. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60327-519-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60327-519-4"><bdi>978-1-60327-519-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Clinical+oral+medicine+and+pathology&amp;rft.place=New+York&amp;rft.pages=20%2C+21&amp;rft.pub=Humana+Press&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-60327-519-4&amp;rft.aulast=Treister&amp;rft.aufirst=NS&amp;rft.au=Bruch%2C+JM&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fclinicaloralmedi00bruc&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBergerShustervon_Roenn2007" class="citation book cs1">Berger, Ann M.; Shuster, John L.; von Roenn, Jamie H. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LngD6RFXY_AC&amp;q=cause+%22stomatitis%22&amp;pg=PA205"><i>Principles and Practice of Palliative Care and Supportive Oncology</i></a>. Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780781795951" title="Special:BookSources/9780781795951"><bdi>9780781795951</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230111125625/https://books.google.com/books?id=LngD6RFXY_AC&amp;q=cause+%22stomatitis%22&amp;pg=PA205">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-01-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-03-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Principles+and+Practice+of+Palliative+Care+and+Supportive+Oncology&amp;rft.pub=Lippincott+Williams+%26+Wilkins&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=9780781795951&amp;rft.aulast=Berger&amp;rft.aufirst=Ann+M.&amp;rft.au=Shuster%2C+John+L.&amp;rft.au=von+Roenn%2C+Jamie+H.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLngD6RFXY_AC%26q%3Dcause%2B%2522stomatitis%2522%26pg%3DPA205&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFZeppetella2012" class="citation book cs1">Zeppetella, Giovambattista (2012-06-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=S8mJLlnuNcMC&amp;q=stomatitis+definition&amp;pg=PA132"><i>Palliative care in clinical practice</i></a>. London: Springer. p.&#160;132. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781447128434" title="Special:BookSources/9781447128434"><bdi>9781447128434</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Palliative+care+in+clinical+practice&amp;rft.place=London&amp;rft.pages=132&amp;rft.pub=Springer&amp;rft.date=2012-06-14&amp;rft.isbn=9781447128434&amp;rft.aulast=Zeppetella&amp;rft.aufirst=Giovambattista&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DS8mJLlnuNcMC%26q%3Dstomatitis%2Bdefinition%26pg%3DPA132&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHorning1996" class="citation journal cs1">Horning, GM (October 1996). "Necotizing gingivostomatitis: NUG to noma". <i>Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry</i>. <b>17</b> (10): <span class="nowrap">951–</span>4, 956, 957–8 passim, quiz 964. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9533316">9533316</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Compendium+of+Continuing+Education+in+Dentistry&amp;rft.atitle=Necotizing+gingivostomatitis%3A+NUG+to+noma.&amp;rft.volume=17&amp;rft.issue=10&amp;rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E951-%3C%2Fspan%3E4%2C+956%2C+957-8+passim%2C+quiz+964&amp;rft.date=1996-10&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9533316&amp;rft.aulast=Horning&amp;rft.aufirst=GM&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Coulthard2008-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Coulthard2008_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Coulthard2008_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCoulthardHornerSloanTheaker2008" class="citation book cs1">Coulthard P, Horner K, Sloan P, Theaker E (2008). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/masterdentistry0000unse"><i>Master dentistry volume 1, oral and maxillofacial surgery, radiology, pathology and oral medicine</i></a></span> (2nd&#160;ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780443068966" title="Special:BookSources/9780443068966"><bdi>9780443068966</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Master+dentistry+volume+1%2C+oral+and+maxillofacial+surgery%2C+radiology%2C+pathology+and+oral+medicine&amp;rft.place=Edinburgh&amp;rft.edition=2nd&amp;rft.pub=Churchill+Livingstone%2FElsevier&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=9780443068966&amp;rft.aulast=Coulthard&amp;rft.aufirst=P&amp;rft.au=Horner%2C+K&amp;rft.au=Sloan%2C+P&amp;rft.au=Theaker%2C+E&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmasterdentistry0000unse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Azzi2019-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Azzi2019_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Azzi2019_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Azzi2019_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAzziCeratiLombardo2019" class="citation journal cs1">Azzi L, Cerati M, Lombardo M, et&#160;al. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.exodontia.info/files/Oral_Diseases_2019._Chronic_Ulcerative_Stomatitis._A_Comprehensive_Review_Proposal_for_Diagnostic_Criteria.pdf">"Chronic ulcerative stomatitis: A comprehensive review and proposal for diagnostic criteria"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Oral Diseases</i>. <b>25</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">1465–</span>1491. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fodi.13001">10.1111/odi.13001</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30457193">30457193</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:53872327">53872327</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Oral+Diseases&amp;rft.atitle=Chronic+ulcerative+stomatitis%3A+A+comprehensive+review+and+proposal+for+diagnostic+criteria&amp;rft.volume=25&amp;rft.issue=6&amp;rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1465-%3C%2Fspan%3E1491&amp;rft.date=2019&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A53872327%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F30457193&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fodi.13001&amp;rft.aulast=Azzi&amp;rft.aufirst=L&amp;rft.au=Cerati%2C+M&amp;rft.au=Lombardo%2C+M&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.exodontia.info%2Ffiles%2FOral_Diseases_2019._Chronic_Ulcerative_Stomatitis._A_Comprehensive_Review_Proposal_for_Diagnostic_Criteria.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFScully2008" class="citation book cs1">Scully, Crispian (2008). <i>Oral and maxillofacial medicine: the basis of diagnosis and treatment</i> (2nd&#160;ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780443068188" title="Special:BookSources/9780443068188"><bdi>9780443068188</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Oral+and+maxillofacial+medicine%3A+the+basis+of+diagnosis+and+treatment&amp;rft.place=Edinburgh&amp;rft.edition=2nd&amp;rft.pub=Churchill+Livingstone&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=9780443068188&amp;rft.aulast=Scully&amp;rft.aufirst=Crispian&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fourie_2011-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Fourie_2011_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFourievan_HeerdenMcEachenvan_Zyl2011" class="citation journal cs1">Fourie J, van Heerden WF, McEachen SC, van Zyl A (April 2011). "Chronic ulcerative stomatitis: a distinct clinical entity?". <i>South African Dental Journal</i>. <b>66</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">119–</span>21. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21874892">21874892</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=South+African+Dental+Journal&amp;rft.atitle=Chronic+ulcerative+stomatitis%3A+a+distinct+clinical+entity%3F&amp;rft.volume=66&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E119-%3C%2Fspan%3E21&amp;rft.date=2011-04&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21874892&amp;rft.aulast=Fourie&amp;rft.aufirst=J&amp;rft.au=van+Heerden%2C+WF&amp;rft.au=McEachen%2C+SC&amp;rft.au=van+Zyl%2C+A&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Neville_2001-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Neville_2001_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNevilleDammAllenBouquot2002" class="citation book cs1">Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CA, Bouquot JE (2002). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oralmaxillofacia00nevi"><i>Oral &amp; maxillofacial pathology</i></a></span> (2nd&#160;ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. pp.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oralmaxillofacia00nevi/page/n153">141</a>, 142. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0721690032" title="Special:BookSources/978-0721690032"><bdi>978-0721690032</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Oral+%26+maxillofacial+pathology&amp;rft.place=Philadelphia&amp;rft.pages=141%2C+142&amp;rft.edition=2nd&amp;rft.pub=W.B.+Saunders&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.isbn=978-0721690032&amp;rft.aulast=Neville&amp;rft.aufirst=BW&amp;rft.au=Damm%2C+DD&amp;rft.au=Allen%2C+CA&amp;rft.au=Bouquot%2C+JE&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foralmaxillofacia00nevi&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Janam_2012-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Janam_2012_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJanamNayar,_BRMohan,_RSuchitra,_A2012" class="citation journal cs1">Janam, P; Nayar, BR; Mohan, R; Suchitra, A (January 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3357019">"Plasma cell gingivitis associated with cheilitis: A diagnostic dilemma!"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Indian_Society_of_Periodontology" title="Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology">Journal of Indian Society of Periodontology</a></i>. <b>16</b> (1): <span class="nowrap">115–</span>9. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4103%2F0972-124X.94618">10.4103/0972-124X.94618</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a>&#160;<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3357019">3357019</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22628976">22628976</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Indian+Society+of+Periodontology&amp;rft.atitle=Plasma+cell+gingivitis+associated+with+cheilitis%3A+A+diagnostic+dilemma%21&amp;rft.volume=16&amp;rft.issue=1&amp;rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E115-%3C%2Fspan%3E9&amp;rft.date=2012-01&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3357019%23id-name%3DPMC&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F22628976&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4103%2F0972-124X.94618&amp;rft.aulast=Janam&amp;rft.aufirst=P&amp;rft.au=Nayar%2C+BR&amp;rft.au=Mohan%2C+R&amp;rft.au=Suchitra%2C+A&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3357019&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKerrMcClatchey,_KDRegezi,_JA1971" class="citation journal cs1">Kerr, DA; McClatchey, KD; Regezi, JA (September 1971). "Idiopathic gingivostomatitis. Cheilitis, glossitis, gingivitis syndrome; atypical gingivostomatitis, plasma-cell gingivitis, plasmacytosis of gingiva". <i>Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, and Oral Pathology</i>. <b>32</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">402–</span>23. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0030-4220%2871%2990201-5">10.1016/0030-4220(71)90201-5</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5285187">5285187</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=Oral+Surgery%2C+Oral+Medicine%2C+and+Oral+Pathology&amp;rft.atitle=Idiopathic+gingivostomatitis.+Cheilitis%2C+glossitis%2C+gingivitis+syndrome%3B+atypical+gingivostomatitis%2C+plasma-cell+gingivitis%2C+plasmacytosis+of+gingiva.&amp;rft.volume=32&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E402-%3C%2Fspan%3E23&amp;rft.date=1971-09&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0030-4220%2871%2990201-5&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F5285187&amp;rft.aulast=Kerr&amp;rft.aufirst=DA&amp;rft.au=McClatchey%2C+KD&amp;rft.au=Regezi%2C+JA&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Laskaris_2005-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Laskaris_2005_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLaskaris2006" class="citation book cs1">Laskaris, George (2006). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pocketatlasorald00lask"><i>Pocket atlas of oral diseases</i></a></span> (2nd&#160;ed.). Stuttgart: Thieme. p.&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pocketatlasorald00lask/page/n25">12</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781588902498" title="Special:BookSources/9781588902498"><bdi>9781588902498</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Pocket+atlas+of+oral+diseases&amp;rft.place=Stuttgart&amp;rft.pages=12&amp;rft.edition=2nd&amp;rft.pub=Thieme&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.isbn=9781588902498&amp;rft.aulast=Laskaris&amp;rft.aufirst=George&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpocketatlasorald00lask&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AStomatitis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox32" style="width:100%; margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 0;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: #EAECF0;color:black;">Classification</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div style="position:relative; float:right; font-size:0.8em;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911386" class="extiw" title="d:Q911386">D</a></div><div class="hlist" style="text-align:left;"><ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems" class="mw-redirect" title="International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/ICD-10" title="ICD-10">10</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en#/K12">K12</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/International_Statistical_Classification_of_Diseases_and_Related_Health_Problems" class="mw-redirect" title="International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems">ICD</a>-<a href="/wiki/List_of_ICD-9_codes" title="List of ICD-9 codes">9-CM</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icd9data.com/getICD9Code.ashx?icd9=528.0">528.0</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D013280">D013280</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/Diseases_Database" title="Diseases Database">DiseasesDB</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diseasesdatabase.com/ddb27158.htm">27158</a></li><li><b><a href="/wiki/SNOMED_CT" title="SNOMED CT">SNOMED CT</a></b>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://snomed.info/id/95361005">95361005</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Oral_and_maxillofacial_pathology826" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Oral_pathology" title="Template:Oral pathology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Oral_pathology" title="Template talk:Oral pathology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oral_pathology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oral pathology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Oral_and_maxillofacial_pathology826" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Oral_and_maxillofacial_pathology" title="Oral and maxillofacial pathology">Oral and maxillofacial pathology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Lips826" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lip" title="Lip">Lips</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cheilitis" title="Cheilitis">Cheilitis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Actinic_cheilitis" title="Actinic cheilitis">Actinic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angular_cheilitis" title="Angular cheilitis">Angular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plasma_cell_gingivitis" title="Plasma cell gingivitis">Plasma cell</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleft_lip" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleft lip">Cleft lip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congenital_lip_pit" title="Congenital lip pit">Congenital lip pit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eclabium" title="Eclabium">Eclabium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herpes_labialis" class="mw-redirect" title="Herpes labialis">Herpes labialis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macrocheilia" title="Macrocheilia">Macrocheilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microcheilia" title="Microcheilia">Microcheilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasolabial_cyst" title="Nasolabial cyst">Nasolabial cyst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_poisoning" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun poisoning">Sun poisoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trumpeter%27s_wart" title="Trumpeter&#39;s wart">Trumpeter's wart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Tongue826" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tongue_disease" title="Tongue disease">Tongue</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ankyloglossia" title="Ankyloglossia">Ankyloglossia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_hairy_tongue" title="Black hairy tongue">Black hairy tongue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caviar_tongue" title="Caviar tongue">Caviar tongue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crenated_tongue" title="Crenated tongue">Crenated tongue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunnilingus_tongue" class="mw-redirect" title="Cunnilingus tongue">Cunnilingus tongue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fissured_tongue" title="Fissured tongue">Fissured tongue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foliate_papillitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Foliate papillitis">Foliate papillitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossitis" title="Glossitis">Glossitis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geographic_tongue" title="Geographic tongue">Geographic tongue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Median_rhomboid_glossitis" title="Median rhomboid glossitis">Median rhomboid glossitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transient_lingual_papillitis" title="Transient lingual papillitis">Transient lingual papillitis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossoptosis" title="Glossoptosis">Glossoptosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypoglossia" title="Hypoglossia">Hypoglossia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyroid_dysgenesis" title="Thyroid dysgenesis">Lingual thyroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macroglossia" title="Macroglossia">Macroglossia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Microglossia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Microglossia (page does not exist)">Microglossia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhabdomyoma" title="Rhabdomyoma">Rhabdomyoma</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Palate826" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Palate" title="Palate">Palate</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bednar%27s_aphthae" title="Bednar&#39;s aphthae">Bednar's aphthae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleft_palate" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleft palate">Cleft palate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-arched_palate" title="High-arched palate">High-arched palate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palatal_cysts_of_the_newborn" class="mw-redirect" title="Palatal cysts of the newborn">Palatal cysts of the newborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inflammatory_papillary_hyperplasia" title="Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia">Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stomatitis_nicotina" title="Stomatitis nicotina">Stomatitis nicotina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torus_palatinus" title="Torus palatinus">Torus palatinus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Oral_mucosa_–_Lining_of_mouth826" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Oral_mucosa" title="Oral mucosa">Oral mucosa</a> – <i>Lining of mouth</i></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amalgam_tattoo" title="Amalgam tattoo">Amalgam tattoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angina_bullosa_haemorrhagica" title="Angina bullosa haemorrhagica">Angina bullosa haemorrhagica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beh%C3%A7et%27s_disease" title="Behçet&#39;s disease">Behçet's disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohn%27s_nodules" class="mw-redirect" title="Bohn&#39;s nodules">Bohn's nodules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burning_mouth_syndrome" title="Burning mouth syndrome">Burning mouth syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oral_candidiasis" title="Oral candidiasis">Candidiasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condyloma_acuminatum" class="mw-redirect" title="Condyloma acuminatum">Condyloma acuminatum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darier%27s_disease" title="Darier&#39;s disease">Darier's disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epulis_fissuratum" title="Epulis fissuratum">Epulis fissuratum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythema_multiforme" title="Erythema multiforme">Erythema multiforme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erythroplakia" title="Erythroplakia">Erythroplakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fibroma" title="Fibroma">Fibroma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giant-cell_fibroma" title="Giant-cell fibroma">Giant-cell</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focal_epithelial_hyperplasia" class="mw-redirect" title="Focal epithelial hyperplasia">Focal epithelial hyperplasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fordyce_spots" title="Fordyce spots">Fordyce spots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairy_leukoplakia" title="Hairy leukoplakia">Hairy leukoplakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand,_foot_and_mouth_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Hand, foot and mouth disease">Hand, foot and mouth disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hereditary_benign_intraepithelial_dyskeratosis" title="Hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis">Hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herpangina" title="Herpangina">Herpangina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herpes_zoster" class="mw-redirect" title="Herpes zoster">Herpes zoster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intraoral_dental_sinus" title="Intraoral dental sinus">Intraoral dental sinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irritation_fibroma" title="Irritation fibroma">Irritation fibroma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leukoedema" title="Leukoedema">Leukoedema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leukoplakia" title="Leukoplakia">Leukoplakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichen_planus" title="Lichen planus">Lichen planus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linea_alba_(cheek)" title="Linea alba (cheek)">Linea alba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lupus_erythematosus" title="Lupus erythematosus">Lupus erythematosus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanocytic_nevus" title="Melanocytic nevus">Melanocytic nevus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanocytic_oral_lesion" title="Melanocytic oral lesion">Melanocytic oral lesion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molluscum_contagiosum" title="Molluscum contagiosum">Molluscum contagiosum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morsicatio_buccarum" title="Morsicatio buccarum">Morsicatio buccarum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oral_cancer" title="Oral cancer">Oral cancer</a> <ul><li><i>Benign:</i> <a href="/wiki/Squamous_cell_papilloma" title="Squamous cell papilloma">Squamous cell papilloma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keratoacanthoma" title="Keratoacanthoma">Keratoacanthoma</a></li> <li><i>Malignant:</i> <a href="/wiki/Adenosquamous_carcinoma" title="Adenosquamous carcinoma">Adenosquamous carcinoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basaloid_squamous_carcinoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Basaloid squamous carcinoma">Basaloid squamous carcinoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mucosal_melanoma" title="Mucosal melanoma">Mucosal melanoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spindle_cell_carcinoma" title="Spindle cell carcinoma">Spindle cell carcinoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squamous_cell_carcinoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Squamous cell carcinoma">Squamous cell carcinoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verrucous_carcinoma" title="Verrucous carcinoma">Verrucous carcinoma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oral_florid_papillomatosis" title="Oral florid papillomatosis">Oral florid papillomatosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oral_melanosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Oral melanosis">Oral melanosis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smoker%27s_melanosis" title="Smoker&#39;s melanosis">Smoker's melanosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemphigoid" title="Pemphigoid">Pemphigoid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benign_mucous_membrane_pemphigoid" class="mw-redirect" title="Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid">Benign mucous membrane</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemphigus" title="Pemphigus">Pemphigus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plasmoacanthoma" title="Plasmoacanthoma">Plasmoacanthoma</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Stomatitis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphthous_stomatitis" title="Aphthous stomatitis">Aphthous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denture-related_stomatitis" title="Denture-related stomatitis">Denture-related</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herpetic_gingivostomatitis" title="Herpetic gingivostomatitis">Herpetic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smokeless_tobacco_keratosis" title="Smokeless tobacco keratosis">Smokeless tobacco keratosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oral_submucous_fibrosis" title="Oral submucous fibrosis">Submucous fibrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouth_ulcer" title="Mouth ulcer">Ulceration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Riga%E2%80%93Fede_disease" title="Riga–Fede disease">Riga–Fede disease</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verruca_vulgaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Verruca vulgaris">Verruca vulgaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verruciform_xanthoma" title="Verruciform xanthoma">Verruciform xanthoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_sponge_nevus" title="White sponge nevus">White sponge nevus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Teeth_(pulp,_dentin,_enamel)826" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tooth_pathology" title="Tooth pathology">Teeth</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pulp_(tooth)" title="Pulp (tooth)">pulp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dentin" title="Dentin">dentin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tooth_enamel" title="Tooth enamel">enamel</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amelogenesis_imperfecta" title="Amelogenesis imperfecta">Amelogenesis imperfecta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooth_ankylosis" title="Tooth ankylosis">Ankylosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anodontia" title="Anodontia">Anodontia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dental_caries" class="mw-redirect" title="Dental caries">Caries</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Early_childhood_caries" title="Early childhood caries">Early childhood caries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concrescence" title="Concrescence">Concrescence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Failure_of_eruption_of_teeth" title="Failure of eruption of teeth">Failure of eruption of teeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dens_evaginatus" title="Dens evaginatus">Dens evaginatus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Talon_cusp" title="Talon cusp">Talon cusp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dentin_dysplasia" title="Dentin dysplasia">Dentin dysplasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dentin_hypersensitivity" title="Dentin hypersensitivity">Dentin hypersensitivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dentinogenesis_imperfecta" title="Dentinogenesis imperfecta">Dentinogenesis imperfecta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dilaceration" title="Dilaceration">Dilaceration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooth_discoloration" title="Tooth discoloration">Discoloration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ectopic_enamel" title="Ectopic enamel">Ectopic enamel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enamel_hypocalcification" title="Enamel hypocalcification">Enamel hypocalcification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enamel_hypoplasia" title="Enamel hypoplasia">Enamel hypoplasia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turner%27s_hypoplasia" class="mw-redirect" title="Turner&#39;s hypoplasia">Turner's hypoplasia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enamel_pearl" title="Enamel pearl">Enamel pearl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dental_fluorosis" title="Dental fluorosis">Fluorosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooth_fusion" title="Tooth fusion">Fusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooth_gemination" title="Tooth gemination">Gemination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperdontia" title="Hyperdontia">Hyperdontia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypodontia" title="Hypodontia">Hypodontia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maxillary_lateral_incisor_agenesis" title="Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis">Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooth_impaction" title="Tooth impaction">Impaction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impacted_wisdom_teeth" title="Impacted wisdom teeth">Wisdom tooth impaction</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macrodontia_(tooth)" title="Macrodontia (tooth)">Macrodontia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meth_mouth" title="Meth mouth">Meth mouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microdontia" title="Microdontia">Microdontia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odontogenic_tumor" title="Odontogenic tumor">Odontogenic tumors</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Keratocystic_odontogenic_tumour" class="mw-redirect" title="Keratocystic odontogenic tumour">Keratocystic odontogenic tumour</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odontoma" title="Odontoma">Odontoma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dens_invaginatus" title="Dens invaginatus">Dens in dente</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_contact" title="Open contact">Open contact</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Premature_eruption&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Premature eruption (page does not exist)">Premature eruption</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neonatal_teeth" title="Neonatal teeth">Neonatal teeth</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulp_calcification&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulp calcification (page does not exist)">Pulp calcification</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_stone" title="Pulp stone">Pulp stone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_canal_obliteration" title="Pulp canal obliteration">Pulp canal obliteration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_necrosis" title="Pulp necrosis">Pulp necrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_polyp" title="Pulp polyp">Pulp polyp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulpitis" title="Pulpitis">Pulpitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_odontodysplasia" title="Regional odontodysplasia">Regional odontodysplasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooth_resorption" title="Tooth resorption">Resorption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shovel-shaped_incisors" title="Shovel-shaped incisors">Shovel-shaped incisors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernumerary_root" title="Supernumerary root">Supernumerary root</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taurodontism" title="Taurodontism">Taurodontism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dental_trauma" title="Dental trauma">Trauma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dental_avulsion" title="Dental avulsion">Avulsion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cracked_tooth_syndrome" title="Cracked tooth syndrome">Cracked tooth syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertical_root_fracture" title="Vertical root fracture">Vertical root fracture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occlusal_trauma" title="Occlusal trauma">Occlusal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooth_loss" title="Tooth loss">Tooth loss</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Edentulism" class="mw-redirect" title="Edentulism">Edentulism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooth_wear" title="Tooth wear">Tooth wear</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abrasion_(dental)" class="mw-redirect" title="Abrasion (dental)">Abrasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abfraction" title="Abfraction">Abfraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acid_erosion" class="mw-redirect" title="Acid erosion">Acid erosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attrition_(dental)" class="mw-redirect" title="Attrition (dental)">Attrition</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Periodontium_(gingiva,_periodontal_ligament,_cementum,_alveolus)_–_Gums_and_tooth-supporting_structures826" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Periodontal_pathology" class="mw-redirect" title="Periodontal pathology">Periodontium</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gingiva" class="mw-redirect" title="Gingiva">gingiva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Periodontal_ligament" class="mw-redirect" title="Periodontal ligament">periodontal ligament</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cementum" title="Cementum">cementum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dental_alveolus" title="Dental alveolus">alveolus</a>) – <i>Gums and tooth-supporting structures</i></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cementicle" title="Cementicle">Cementicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cementoblastoma" title="Cementoblastoma">Cementoblastoma</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gigantiform_cementoma" title="Gigantiform cementoma">Gigantiform</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cementoma" title="Cementoma">Cementoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eruption_cyst" title="Eruption cyst">Eruption cyst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epulis" title="Epulis">Epulis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pyogenic_granuloma" title="Pyogenic granuloma">Pyogenic granuloma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congenital_epulis" title="Congenital epulis">Congenital epulis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gingival_enlargement" title="Gingival enlargement">Gingival enlargement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gingival_cyst_of_the_adult" class="mw-redirect" title="Gingival cyst of the adult">Gingival cyst of the adult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gingival_cyst_of_the_newborn" class="mw-redirect" title="Gingival cyst of the newborn">Gingival cyst of the newborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gingivitis" title="Gingivitis">Gingivitis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Desquamative_gingivitis" title="Desquamative gingivitis">Desquamative</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Granulomatous_gingivitis&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Granulomatous gingivitis (page does not exist)">Granulomatous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plasma_cell_gingivitis" title="Plasma cell gingivitis">Plasma cell</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hereditary_gingival_fibromatosis" title="Hereditary gingival fibromatosis">Hereditary gingival fibromatosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypercementosis" title="Hypercementosis">Hypercementosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypocementosis" title="Hypocementosis">Hypocementosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_gingival_erythema" title="Linear gingival erythema">Linear gingival erythema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necrotizing_periodontal_diseases" title="Necrotizing periodontal diseases">Necrotizing periodontal diseases</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acute_necrotizing_ulcerative_gingivitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis">Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pericoronitis" title="Pericoronitis">Pericoronitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peri-implantitis" title="Peri-implantitis">Peri-implantitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periodontal_abscess" title="Periodontal abscess">Periodontal abscess</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Periodontal_trauma&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Periodontal trauma (page does not exist)">Periodontal trauma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periodontitis" class="mw-redirect" title="Periodontitis">Periodontitis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aggressive_periodontitis" title="Aggressive periodontitis">Aggressive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periodontitis_as_a_manifestation_of_systemic_disease" title="Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease">As a manifestation of systemic disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronic_periodontitis" title="Chronic periodontitis">Chronic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combined_periodontic-endodontic_lesions" title="Combined periodontic-endodontic lesions">Perio-endo lesion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teething" title="Teething">Teething</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Periapical,_mandibular_and_maxillary_hard_tissues_–_Bones_of_jaws826" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Periapical, <a href="/wiki/Mandible" title="Mandible">mandibular</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maxilla" title="Maxilla">maxillary</a> hard tissues – <i>Bones of jaws</i></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agnathia" title="Agnathia">Agnathia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alveolar_osteitis" title="Alveolar osteitis">Alveolar osteitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buccal_exostosis" title="Buccal exostosis">Buccal exostosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherubism" title="Cherubism">Cherubism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idiopathic_osteosclerosis" title="Idiopathic osteosclerosis">Idiopathic osteosclerosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandibular_fracture" title="Mandibular fracture">Mandibular fracture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microgenia" title="Microgenia">Microgenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micrognathia" class="mw-redirect" title="Micrognathia">Micrognathia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cysts_of_the_jaws" title="Cysts of the jaws">Intraosseous cysts</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Odontogenic_cyst" title="Odontogenic cyst">Odontogenic</a>:</i> <a href="/wiki/Periapical_cyst" title="Periapical cyst">periapical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dentigerous_cyst" title="Dentigerous cyst">Dentigerous</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buccal_bifurcation_cyst" title="Buccal bifurcation cyst">Buccal bifurcation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateral_periodontal_cyst" title="Lateral periodontal cyst">Lateral periodontal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globulomaxillary_cyst" title="Globulomaxillary cyst">Globulomaxillary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calcifying_odontogenic_cyst" title="Calcifying odontogenic cyst">Calcifying odontogenic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glandular_odontogenic_cyst" title="Glandular odontogenic cyst">Glandular odontogenic</a></li> <li><i>Non-odontogenic:</i> <a href="/wiki/Nasopalatine_duct_cyst" title="Nasopalatine duct cyst">Nasopalatine duct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Median_mandibular_cyst" title="Median mandibular cyst">Median mandibular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Median_palatal_cyst" title="Median palatal cyst">Median palatal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traumatic_bone_cyst" title="Traumatic bone cyst">Traumatic bone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osteoma" title="Osteoma">Osteoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osteomyelitis_of_the_jaws" title="Osteomyelitis of the jaws">Osteomyelitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osteonecrosis_of_the_jaw" title="Osteonecrosis of the jaw">Osteonecrosis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bisphosphonate-associated_osteonecrosis_of_the_jaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw">Bisphosphonate-associated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuralgia-inducing_cavitational_osteonecrosis" title="Neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis">Neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osteoradionecrosis" title="Osteoradionecrosis">Osteoradionecrosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osteoporotic_bone_marrow_defect" title="Osteoporotic bone marrow defect">Osteoporotic bone marrow defect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paget%27s_disease_of_bone" title="Paget&#39;s disease of bone">Paget's disease of bone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dental_abscess" title="Dental abscess">Periapical abscess</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_abscess" title="Phoenix abscess">Phoenix abscess</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periapical_periodontitis" title="Periapical periodontitis">Periapical periodontitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stafne_defect" title="Stafne defect">Stafne defect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torus_mandibularis" title="Torus mandibularis">Torus mandibularis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Temporomandibular_joints,_muscles_of_mastication_and_malocclusions_–_Jaw_joints,_chewing_muscles_and_bite_abnormalities826" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Temporomandibular_joint#Disorders" title="Temporomandibular joint">Temporomandibular joints</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muscles_of_mastication" title="Muscles of mastication">muscles of mastication</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malocclusion" title="Malocclusion">malocclusions</a> – <i>Jaw joints, chewing muscles and bite abnormalities</i></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruxism" title="Bruxism">Bruxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condylar_resorption" title="Condylar resorption">Condylar resorption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dislocation_of_jaw" title="Dislocation of jaw">Mandibular dislocation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malocclusion" title="Malocclusion">Malocclusion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crossbite" title="Crossbite">Crossbite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_bite_malocclusion" title="Open bite malocclusion">Open bite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overbite" title="Overbite">Overbite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overeruption" title="Overeruption">Overeruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overjet" title="Overjet">Overjet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prognathia" class="mw-redirect" title="Prognathia">Prognathia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retrognathia" class="mw-redirect" title="Retrognathia">Retrognathia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scissor_bite" title="Scissor bite">Scissor bite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxillary_hypoplasia" title="Maxillary hypoplasia">Maxillary hypoplasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temporomandibular_joint_dysfunction" title="Temporomandibular joint dysfunction">Temporomandibular joint dysfunction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Condylar_hypoplasia" title="Condylar hypoplasia">Condylar hypoplasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condylar_hyperplasia" title="Condylar hyperplasia">Condylar hyperplasia</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Salivary_glands826" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Salivary_gland_disease" title="Salivary gland disease">Salivary glands</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benign_lymphoepithelial_lesion" title="Benign lymphoepithelial lesion">Benign lymphoepithelial lesion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ectopic_salivary_gland_tissue" title="Ectopic salivary gland tissue">Ectopic salivary gland tissue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frey%27s_syndrome" title="Frey&#39;s syndrome">Frey's syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIV_salivary_gland_disease" title="HIV salivary gland disease">HIV salivary gland disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necrotizing_sialometaplasia" title="Necrotizing sialometaplasia">Necrotizing sialometaplasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oral_mucocele" title="Oral mucocele">Mucocele</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ranula" title="Ranula">Ranula</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pneumoparotitis" title="Pneumoparotitis">Pneumoparotitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salivary_duct_stricture" title="Salivary duct stricture">Salivary duct stricture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salivary_gland_aplasia" title="Salivary gland aplasia">Salivary gland aplasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salivary_gland_atresia" title="Salivary gland atresia">Salivary gland atresia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salivary_gland_diverticulum" class="mw-redirect" title="Salivary gland diverticulum">Salivary gland diverticulum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salivary_gland_fistula" title="Salivary gland fistula">Salivary gland fistula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salivary_gland_hyperplasia" title="Salivary gland hyperplasia">Salivary gland hyperplasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salivary_gland_hypoplasia" title="Salivary gland hypoplasia">Salivary gland hypoplasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salivary_gland_neoplasm" class="mw-redirect" title="Salivary gland neoplasm">Salivary gland neoplasms</a> <ul><li><i>Benign:</i> <a href="/wiki/Basal_cell_adenoma" title="Basal cell adenoma">Basal cell adenoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canalicular_adenoma" title="Canalicular adenoma">Canalicular adenoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ductal_papilloma" title="Ductal papilloma">Ductal papilloma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monomorphic_adenoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Monomorphic adenoma">Monomorphic adenoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myoepithelioma" class="mw-redirect" title="Myoepithelioma">Myoepithelioma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oncocytoma" title="Oncocytoma">Oncocytoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papillary_cystadenoma_lymphomatosum" class="mw-redirect" title="Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum">Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pleomorphic_adenoma" title="Pleomorphic adenoma">Pleomorphic adenoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebaceous_adenoma" title="Sebaceous adenoma">Sebaceous adenoma</a></li> <li><i>Malignant:</i> <a href="/wiki/Acinic_cell_carcinoma" title="Acinic cell carcinoma">Acinic cell carcinoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adenocarcinoma" title="Adenocarcinoma">Adenocarcinoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adenoid_cystic_carcinoma" title="Adenoid cystic carcinoma">Adenoid cystic carcinoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carcinoma_ex_pleomorphic_adenoma" title="Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma">Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lymphoma" title="Lymphoma">Lymphoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mucoepidermoid_carcinoma" title="Mucoepidermoid carcinoma">Mucoepidermoid carcinoma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sclerosing_polycystic_adenosis" title="Sclerosing polycystic adenosis">Sclerosing polycystic adenosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sialadenitis" title="Sialadenitis">Sialadenitis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parotitis" title="Parotitis">Parotitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronic_sclerosing_sialadenitis" title="Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis">Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sialectasis" title="Sialectasis">Sialectasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sialocele" title="Sialocele">Sialocele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sialodochitis" title="Sialodochitis">Sialodochitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sialosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Sialosis">Sialosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sialolithiasis" title="Sialolithiasis">Sialolithiasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sj%C3%B6gren%27s_syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Sjögren&#39;s syndrome">Sjögren's syndrome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Stomatognathic_system_–_Teeth,_jaws,_tongue_and_associated_soft_tissues826" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Stomatognathic_system" title="Stomatognathic system">Stomatognathic system</a> – <i>Teeth, jaws, tongue and associated soft tissues</i></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruxism" title="Bruxism">Bruxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouth_breathing" title="Mouth breathing">Mouth breathing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleep_apnea" title="Sleep apnea">Sleep apnea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catathrenia" title="Catathrenia">Catathrenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_hypoventilation_syndrome" title="Central hypoventilation syndrome">Central hypoventilation syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obesity_hypoventilation_syndrome" title="Obesity hypoventilation syndrome">Obesity hypoventilation syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obstructive_sleep_apnea" title="Obstructive sleep apnea">Obstructive sleep apnea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periodic_breathing" title="Periodic breathing">Periodic breathing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snoring" title="Snoring">Snoring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Orofacial_soft_tissues_–_Soft_tissues_around_the_mouth826" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Orofacial soft tissues – <i>Soft tissues around the mouth</i></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Actinomycosis" title="Actinomycosis">Actinomycosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angioedema" title="Angioedema">Angioedema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basal_cell_carcinoma" class="mw-redirect" title="Basal cell carcinoma">Basal cell carcinoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cutaneous_sinus_of_dental_origin" title="Cutaneous sinus of dental origin">Cutaneous sinus of dental origin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cystic_hygroma" title="Cystic hygroma">Cystic hygroma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnathophyma" title="Gnathophyma">Gnathophyma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig%27s_angina" title="Ludwig&#39;s angina">Ludwig's angina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macrostomia" title="Macrostomia">Macrostomia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melkersson%E2%80%93Rosenthal_syndrome" title="Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome">Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microstomia" title="Microstomia">Microstomia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noma_(disease)" title="Noma (disease)">Noma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crohn%27s_disease" title="Crohn&#39;s disease">Oral Crohn's disease</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orofacial_granulomatosis" title="Orofacial granulomatosis">Orofacial granulomatosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perioral_dermatitis" title="Perioral dermatitis">Perioral dermatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyostomatitis_vegetans" title="Pyostomatitis vegetans">Pyostomatitis vegetans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other826" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_syndrome" title="Eagle syndrome">Eagle syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemifacial_hypertrophy" title="Hemifacial hypertrophy">Hemifacial hypertrophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facial_hemiatrophy" class="mw-redirect" title="Facial hemiatrophy">Facial hemiatrophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oral_manifestations_of_systemic_disease" title="Oral manifestations of systemic disease">Oral manifestations of systemic disease</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8669bc5c8‐hf22p Cached time: 20250318160323 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.807 seconds Real time usage: 2.049 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 4036/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 118702/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 2003/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 16/100 Expensive parser function count: 8/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 112121/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.452/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 7753909/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 1837.621 1 -total 59.49% 1093.266 2 Template:Short_description 48.38% 889.095 4 Template:Pagetype 15.70% 288.562 1 Template:Reflist 9.17% 168.525 15 Template:Cite_book 8.77% 161.111 1 Template:Medical_resources 8.48% 155.745 1 Template:Navbox 5.80% 106.613 1 Template:Infobox_medical_condition_(new) 5.16% 94.782 2 Template:Hlist 4.43% 81.403 1 Template:Infobox --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:2061975:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20250318160323 and revision id 1244718944. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&amp;type=1x1&amp;usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;oldid=1244718944">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;oldid=1244718944</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Inflammations" title="Category:Inflammations">Inflammations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Oral_mucosal_pathology" title="Category:Oral mucosal pathology">Oral mucosal pathology</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 8 September 2024, at 19:25<span class="anonymous-show">&#160;(UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stomatitis&amp;mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia.svg" width="25" height="25" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" lang="en" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Stomatitis</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>30 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.eqiad.main-5c544ccb5b-b9h6l","wgBackendResponseTime":309,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.807","walltime":"2.049","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4036,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":118702,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":2003,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":8,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":112121,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1837.621 1 -total"," 59.49% 1093.266 2 Template:Short_description"," 48.38% 889.095 4 Template:Pagetype"," 15.70% 288.562 1 Template:Reflist"," 9.17% 168.525 15 Template:Cite_book"," 8.77% 161.111 1 Template:Medical_resources"," 8.48% 155.745 1 Template:Navbox"," 5.80% 106.613 1 Template:Infobox_medical_condition_(new)"," 5.16% 94.782 2 Template:Hlist"," 4.43% 81.403 1 Template:Infobox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.452","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":7753909,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-8669bc5c8-hf22p","timestamp":"20250318160323","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Stomatitis","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Stomatitis","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q911386","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q911386","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-06-17T11:18:20Z","dateModified":"2024-09-08T19:25:21Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/4d\/Kwashiorkor_6180.jpg","headline":"inflammation of the mouth and lips"}</script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10