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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sharia_law"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Sharia law </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sharia_law-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Human_rights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human_rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Human rights </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Human_rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Foreign relations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military"> <div 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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_websites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Other websites </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_websites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet 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Available in 247 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-247" aria-hidden="true" > 247 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Acèh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Къатар – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Къатар" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгэбзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Adyghe" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="Adyghe" class="interlanguage-link-target">Адыгабзэ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%B3%E1%89%B3%E1%88%AD" title="ኳታር – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኳታር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0" title="कतर – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="कतर" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catar" title="Catar – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Catar" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ænglisc</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9E%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Ҟатар – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Ҟатар" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Аԥсшәа</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1" title="قطر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قطر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A9%DC%9B%DC%AA" title="ܩܛܪ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܩܛܪ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target">ܐܪܡܝܐ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%A1%D5%A9%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Քաթար – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Քաթար" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Arpetan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A7%B0" title="কাটাৰ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কাটাৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">অসমীয়া</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="कतार – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="कतार" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">अवधी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kat%C3%A1ra" title="Katára – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Katára" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Avañe'ẽ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%80" title="КъатӀар – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="КъатӀар" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target">Авар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C9%99t%C9%99r" title="Qətər – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qətər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1" title="قطر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قطر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="কাতার – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কাতার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0" title="क़तर – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="क़तर" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%81%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8F%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8D" title="ཁ་ཏར། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཁ་ཏར།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target">Буряад</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiShona</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catar" title="Catar – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Catar" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1" title="قطر – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="قطر" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%A4%DE%A6%DE%A0%DE%A6%DE%83%DE%AA" title="ޤަޠަރު – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޤަޠަރު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ދިވެހިބަސް</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B3_Bin%C3%ADh%C3%AD%C3%ADy%C4%AF%CC%81%C4%AFgi_Kiyaa%CA%BC%C3%A1h%C3%AD_Hahoodzo" title="Tó Biníhííyį́įgi Kiyaaʼáhí Hahoodzo – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Tó Biníhííyį́įgi Kiyaaʼáhí Hahoodzo" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Diné bizaad</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dolnoserbski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="कतार – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="कतार" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target">डोटेली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dz mw-list-item"><a href="https://dz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%80%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8F%E0%BD%A2%E0%BC%8B" title="ཀ་ཏར་ – Dzongkha" lang="dz" hreflang="dz" data-title="ཀ་ཏར་" data-language-autonym="ཇོང་ཁ" data-language-local-name="Dzongkha" class="interlanguage-link-target">ཇོང་ཁ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC%CF%81" title="Κατάρ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κατάρ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catar" title="Catar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Catar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kataro" title="Kataro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kataro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catal" title="Catal – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Catal" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eʋegbe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1" title="قطر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قطر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fulfulde</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catar" title="Catar – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Catar" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Chatar" title="Yn Chatar – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Chatar" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagauz</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catar" title="Catar – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Catar" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gĩkũyũ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0_(%E0%AA%85%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A4%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8)" title="કતાર (અરબસ્તાન) – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="કતાર (અરબસ્તાન)" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="कतार – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="कतार" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target">गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%ED%83%80%EB%A5%B4" title="카타르 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카타르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katala" title="Katala – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Katala" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Կատար – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կատար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0" title="क़तर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="क़तर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hornjoserbsce</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Igbo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="কাতার – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="কাতার" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quatar" title="Quatar – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Quatar" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%A8_(%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94)" title="קטר (מדינה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קטר (מדינה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D" title="ಕಟಾರ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಟಾರ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kapampangan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="კატარი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კატარი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%8E%D8%B7%D9%8E%D8%B1" title="قَطَر – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="قَطَر" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target">कॉशुर / کٲشُر</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kaszëbsczi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Қатар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Қатар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katari" title="Katari – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Katari" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikinyarwanda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kongo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kata" title="Kata – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kata" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qeter" title="Qeter – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Qeter" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catar" title="Catar – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Catar" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ladin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quataria" title="Quataria – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Quataria" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katara" title="Katara – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Katara" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Къатар – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Къатар" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Лезги</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kataras" title="Kataras – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kataras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catar" title="Catar – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Catar" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Madhurâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="कतार – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="कतार" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katara" title="Katara – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Katara" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%BC" title="ഖത്തർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഖത്തർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kat%C4%81" title="Katā – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Katā" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="कतार – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कतार" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="კატარი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კატარი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9_%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1" title="دولة قطر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دولة قطر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1" title="قطر – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="قطر" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%94" title="ꯀꯥꯇꯥꯔ – Manipuri" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯀꯥꯇꯥꯔ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Manipuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Mirandés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ကာတာနိုင်ငံ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကာတာနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="कतार – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कतार" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="कतार – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="कतार" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB" title="カタール – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カタール" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%80" title="КъатӀар – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="КъатӀар" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kataar" title="Kataar – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kataar" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kataa" title="Kataa – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Kataa" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norfuk / Pitkern</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target">Novial</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%B0" title="କତର – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="କତର" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaataar" title="Kaataar – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Kaataar" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0" title="ਕਤਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕਤਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="कतार – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="कतार" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangcah</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1" title="قطر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="قطر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%80%81%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%91%E1%80%AE" title="ကာတာခမ်းထီ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ကာတာခမ်းထီ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target">ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target">Papiamentu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1" title="قطر – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="قطر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kata" title="Kata – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kata" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Patois</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B6" title="កាតា – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="កាតា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target">ភាសាខ្មែរ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quatar" title="Quatar – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Quatar" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Picard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tok Pisin</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catar" title="Catar – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Catar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sakizaya</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kata" title="Kata – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Kata" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gagana Samoa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="कतार – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="कतार" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A8" title="ᱠᱟᱛᱟᱨ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱠᱟᱛᱟᱨ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target">ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1" title="قطر – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="قطر" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target">سرائیکی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qat%C3%A0r" title="Qatàr – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Qatàr" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Taroko" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="Taroko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seediq</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katari" title="Katari – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Katari" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A" title="කාටාර් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කාටාර්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target">සිංහල</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1" title="قطر – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="قطر" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IKhathari" title="IKhathari – Swati" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IKhathari" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swati" class="interlanguage-link-target">SiSwati</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar_(%C5%A1t%C3%A1t)" title="Katar (štát) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Katar (štát)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95%D8%B1" title="قەتەر – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="قەتەر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="கத்தார் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கத்தார்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qa%E1%B9%ADa%E1%B9%9B" title="Qaṭaṛ – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Qaṭaṛ" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taclḥit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qa%E1%B9%ADar" title="Qaṭar – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Qaṭar" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taqbaylit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%81%B6%E1%82%83%E1%82%87%E1%80%90%E1%82%83%E1%82%87" title="မိူင်းၶႃႇတႃႇ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းၶႃႇတႃႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target">ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tayal</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%96%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="ఖతార్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఖతార్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kat%C3%A1r" title="Katár – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Katár" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tetun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ประเทศกาตาร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศกาตาร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Қатар – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Қатар" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kat%C4%81" title="Katā – Tongan" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Katā" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="Tongan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lea faka-Tonga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ka%CC%B1ta%CC%B1r" title="Ka̱ta̱r – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Ka̱ta̱r" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tyap</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target">Удмурт</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A8%80%E1%A8%88%E1%A8%91" title="ᨀᨈᨑ – Buginese" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="ᨀᨈᨑ" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Buginese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Ugi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Катар – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Катар" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1" title="قطر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قطر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="قاتار – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="قاتار" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vahcuengh</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catar_(Stato)" title="Catar (Stato) – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Catar (Stato)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar%C3%A4n" title="Katarän – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Katarän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E9%81%94" title="卡達 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="卡達" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kataar" title="Kataar – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Kataar" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target">Wolof</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94" title="卡塔尔 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="卡塔尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A8" title="קאטאר – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאטאר" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katar" title="Katar – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Katar" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%94%E7%88%BE" title="卡塔爾 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="卡塔爾" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qeter" title="Qeter – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Qeter" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zeêuws</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katars" title="Katars – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Katars" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%A1%94%E5%B0%94" title="卡塔尔 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="卡塔尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kadazandusun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jaku Iban</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Qatar" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kumoring</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C9%99t%C9%99r" title="Gətər – Talysh" 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.ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">State of Qatar</div><div class="ib-country-names">دولة قطر (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>) Dawlat Qatar</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="noresize" style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Qatar.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Qatar"><img alt="Flag of Qatar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/125px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/188px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/250px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /></a></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Qatar" title="Flag of Qatar">Flag</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Qatar.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of Qatar"><img alt="Emblem of Qatar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Emblem_of_Qatar.svg/85px-Emblem_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Emblem_of_Qatar.svg/128px-Emblem_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Emblem_of_Qatar.svg/170px-Emblem_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></div> <div>Emblem</div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem">Anthem: السلام الأميري <a href="/wiki/As-Salam_al-Amiri" title="As-Salam al-Amiri">As-Salam al-Amiri</a>  (<a href="/wiki/Transliteration" title="Transliteration">transliteration</a>) Amiri Salute <center><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="87" data-mwtitle="National_anthem_of_Qatar.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/National_anthem_of_Qatar.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ec/National_anthem_of_Qatar.ogg/National_anthem_of_Qatar.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Qatar.ogg&lang=ar&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="ar" label="العربية ‪(ar)‬" data-dir="rtl" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Qatar.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ANational_anthem_of_Qatar.ogg&lang=pt&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="pt" label="português ‪(pt)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></center></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:QAT_orthographic.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location and extent of Qatar (dark green) on the Arabian Peninsula."><img alt="Location and extent of Qatar (dark green) on the Arabian Peninsula." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/QAT_orthographic.svg/250px-QAT_orthographic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/QAT_orthographic.svg/375px-QAT_orthographic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/QAT_orthographic.svg/500px-QAT_orthographic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a><div class="ib-country-map-caption">Location and extent of Qatar (dark green) on the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Qatar_-_Location_Map_(2013)_-_QAT_-_UNOCHA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Qatar"><img alt="Location of Qatar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Qatar_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_QAT_-_UNOCHA.svg/250px-Qatar_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_QAT_-_UNOCHA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Qatar_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_QAT_-_UNOCHA.svg/375px-Qatar_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_QAT_-_UNOCHA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Qatar_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_QAT_-_UNOCHA.svg/500px-Qatar_-_Location_Map_%282013%29_-_QAT_-_UNOCHA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital<div class="ib-country-largest">and largest city</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Doha" title="Doha">Doha</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9430902">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Qatar&params=25_18_N_51_31_E_type:city">25°18′N 51°31′E / 25.300°N 51.517°E / 25.300; 51.517</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a> (11.6% Qatari) <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> (88.4% non-Qatari)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_group" title="Ethnic group">Ethnic groups</a> <div class="ib-country-ethnic"> (2015<a href="#cite_note-CIA-1">[1]</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">11.6% <a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demographics of Qatar (not yet started)">Qatari</a> 88.4% non-Qatari</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion <div class="ib-country-religion"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demographics of Qatar (not yet started)">Qatari</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Government</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Unitary_state" title="Unitary state">Unitary</a> <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">constitutional</a> <a href="/wiki/Authoritarianism" title="Authoritarianism">authoritarian</a> <a href="/wiki/Monarchy" title="Monarchy">monarchy</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9689576"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/List_of_emirs_of_Qatar" title="List of emirs of Qatar">Emir</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tamim_bin_Hamad_Al_Thani" title="Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani">Tamim bin Hamad</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Qatar" title="List of prime ministers of Qatar">Prime Minister</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Khalid_bin_Khalifa_bin_Abdul_Aziz_Al_Thani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khalid bin Khalifa bin Abdul Aziz Al Thani (not yet started)">Khalid bin Khalifa</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legislature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Consultative_Assembly_of_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Consultative Assembly of Qatar (not yet started)">Consultative Assembly</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Establishment</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9689576"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar_National_Day&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qatar National Day (not yet started)">Qatar National Day</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">December 18, 1878</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Declared independence </div></th><td class="infobox-data"> September 1, 1971</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Independence from the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data"> September 3, 1971</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">11,581 km2 (4,471 sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_area" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries and dependencies by area">158th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Water (%)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">0.8</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 2017 estimate</div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,641,669<a href="#cite_note-qsa-Aug13-2">[2]</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population" title="List of countries and dependencies by population">140th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• 2010 census</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,699,435<a href="#cite_note-census10-3">[3]</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population" title="List of countries and dependencies by population">148th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Density</div></th><td class="infobox-data">176/km2 (455.8/sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population_density" title="List of countries and dependencies by population density">76th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6670383">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style>(<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data">2018 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">$357.338 billion<a href="#cite_note-imf2-4">[4]</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP)">51st</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data">$128,702<a href="#cite_note-imf2-4">[4]</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">1st</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6670383">(nominal)</th><td class="infobox-data">2018 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">$183.807 billion<a href="#cite_note-imf2-4">[4]</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal)">56th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-country-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data">$66,202<a href="#cite_note-imf2-4">[4]</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita">6th</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gini_coefficient" title="Gini coefficient">Gini</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6670383">(2007)</th><td class="infobox-data">41.1<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> medium</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r6670383">(2018)</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /> 0.856<a href="#cite_note-HDI-6">[6]</a> very high · <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of countries by Human Development Index">37th</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatari_riyal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qatari riyal (not yet started)">Riyal</a> (<a href="/wiki/ISO_4217" title="ISO 4217">QAR</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Time zone</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a>+3 (<a href="/wiki/Arabia_Standard_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabia Standard Time">AST</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Left-_and_right-hand_traffic" title="Left- and right-hand traffic">Driving side</a></th><td class="infobox-data">right<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Calling code</th><td class="infobox-data">+974</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISO_3166-2:QA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISO 3166-2:QA (not yet started)">QA</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Country_code_top-level_domain" title="Country code top-level domain">Internet TLD</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8662964">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/.qa" class="mw-redirect" title=".qa">.qa</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%B1.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="قطر. (not yet started)">قطر.</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Qatar (<a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈkæˌtɑːr/</a>,<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈkɑːtɑːr/</a> (<a href="/wiki/File:En-us-Qatar.ogg" title="About this sound"><img alt="audio speaker icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/29/En-us-Qatar.ogg" class="internal" title="En-us-Qatar.ogg">listen</a>), <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈkɑːtər/</a> or <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/kəˈtɑːr/</a> (<a href="/wiki/File:En-us-Qatar-2.ogg" title="About this sound"><img alt="audio speaker icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a><a href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/En-us-Qatar-2.ogg" class="internal" title="En-us-Qatar-2.ogg">listen</a>);<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: قطر Qaṭar <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Arabic" title="Wikipedia:IPA for Arabic">[ˈqɑtˤɑr]</a>; local dialect: <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Arabic" title="Wikipedia:IPA for Arabic">[ɡɪtˤɑr]</a>),<a href="#cite_note-EoI-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> officially the State of Qatar (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: دولة قطر Dawlat Qaṭar), is a <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereign</a> <a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">country</a> in <a href="/wiki/Western_Asia" title="Western Asia">Western Asia</a>. It is on the small Qatari-Peninsula on the northeastern coast of the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a>. Its only land border is with <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> to the south, with the rest of it's territory surrounded by the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a>. A strait in the Persian Gulf separates Qatar from the nearby island country of <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a>, as well as sharing <a href="/wiki/Maritime_border" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime border">maritime borders</a> with the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates (UAE)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>. Following <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> rule, Qatar became a British protectorate in the early 20th century until gaining independence in 1971. Qatar has been ruled by the House of Thani since the early 19th century. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jassim_bin_Mohammed_Al_Thani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani (not yet started)">Sheikh Jassim bin Mohammed Al Thani</a> was the founder of the State of Qatar. Qatar is a <a href="/wiki/Hereditary_monarchy" title="Hereditary monarchy">hereditary monarchy</a> and its head of state is Emir <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Tamim_bin_Hamad_Al_Thani" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani">Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani</a>. Whether it should be called a <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">constitutional</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC9Sep05-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-USState2011-13">[13]</a> or an <a href="/wiki/Absolute_monarchy" title="Absolute monarchy">absolute monarchy</a><a href="#cite_note-ftManage-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-ciaw-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-cangov-16">[16]</a> is a matter of opinion. In 2003, the constitution was overwhelmingly approved in a referendum, with 100% in favour.<a href="#cite_note-electionguide.org-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-princeton.edu-18">[18]</a> As of early 2017, Qatar's total population was around 2.6 million: 313,000 Qatari citizens and 2.3 million <a href="/w/index.php?title=Expatriates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Expatriates (not yet started)">expatriates</a>.<a href="#cite_note-pop-19">[19]</a> Qatar is a high income economy and is a developed country, with the world's third largest <a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_proven_reserves&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of countries by natural gas proven reserves (not yet started)">natural gas reserves</a> and oil reserves.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> The country has the <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)_per_capita" title="List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita">highest</a> <a href="/wiki/Per_capita_income" title="Per capita income">per capita income</a> in the world. Qatar is classified by the UN as a country of very high human development and is the most advanced Arab state for human development.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Qatar is a significant power in the Arab world, supporting several <a href="/wiki/Rebellion" title="Rebellion">rebel</a> groups during the <a href="/wiki/Arab_Spring" title="Arab Spring">Arab Spring</a> both financially and through its globally expanding media group, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Jazeera_Media_Network&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Jazeera Media Network (not yet started)">Al Jazeera Media Network</a>.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> For its small size, Qatar has a lot of influence in the world, and has been identified as a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_power&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middle power (not yet started)">middle power</a>.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> Qatar will host the <a href="/wiki/2022_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2022 FIFA World Cup">2022 FIFA World Cup</a>, becoming the first Arab country to do so.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chuck_Hagel_meets_with_Sheikh_Tamim_bin_Hamad,_Emir_of_Qatar,_December_2013_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Chuck_Hagel_meets_with_Sheikh_Tamim_bin_Hamad%2C_Emir_of_Qatar%2C_December_2013_%281%29.jpg/220px-Chuck_Hagel_meets_with_Sheikh_Tamim_bin_Hamad%2C_Emir_of_Qatar%2C_December_2013_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Chuck_Hagel_meets_with_Sheikh_Tamim_bin_Hamad%2C_Emir_of_Qatar%2C_December_2013_%281%29.jpg/330px-Chuck_Hagel_meets_with_Sheikh_Tamim_bin_Hamad%2C_Emir_of_Qatar%2C_December_2013_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Chuck_Hagel_meets_with_Sheikh_Tamim_bin_Hamad%2C_Emir_of_Qatar%2C_December_2013_%281%29.jpg/440px-Chuck_Hagel_meets_with_Sheikh_Tamim_bin_Hamad%2C_Emir_of_Qatar%2C_December_2013_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3280" /></a><figcaption>Emir <a href="/wiki/Tamim_bin_Hamad_Al_Thani" title="Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani">Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani</a> with Former US Secretary of Defense <a href="/wiki/Chuck_Hagel" title="Chuck Hagel">Chuck Hagel</a>.</figcaption></figure> Qatar is either a <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">constitutional</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC9Sep05-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-USState2011-13">[13]</a> or an <a href="/wiki/Absolute_monarchy" title="Absolute monarchy">absolute monarchy</a><a href="#cite_note-ftManage-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-cangov-16">[16]</a> ruled by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=House_of_Thani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="House of Thani (not yet started)">Al Thani family</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> The Al Thani dynasty has been ruling Qatar since the family house was established in 1825.<a href="#cite_note-CIA-1">[1]</a> In 2003, Qatar adopted a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Qatar (not yet started)">constitution</a> that provided for the direct election of 30 of the 45 members of the Legislative Council.<a href="#cite_note-CIA-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lambert2011a-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-Reut20111101-31">[31]</a> The constitution was overwhelmingly approved in a referendum, with almost 98% in favour.<a href="#cite_note-electionguide.org-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-princeton.edu-18">[18]</a> The eighth Emir of Qatar is <a href="/wiki/Tamim_bin_Hamad_Al_Thani" title="Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani">Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani</a>, whose father <a href="/wiki/Hamad_bin_Khalifa_Al_Thani" title="Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani">Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani</a> handed power to him on June 25, 2013.<a href="#cite_note-New_Emir_BBC-32">[32]</a> The supreme chancellor has the exclusive power to appoint and remove the prime minister and cabinet ministers who, together, constitute the Council of Ministers, which is the supreme executive authority in the country.<a href="#cite_note-embassycouncil-33">[33]</a> The Council of Ministers also initiates legislation. Laws and decrees proposed by the Council of Ministers are referred to the Advisory Council (Majilis Al-Shura) for discussion after which they are submitted to the Emir for ratification.<a href="#cite_note-embassycouncil-33">[33]</a> A <a href="/w/index.php?title=Consultative_Assembly_of_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Consultative Assembly of Qatar (not yet started)">Consultative Assembly</a> has limited power to draft and approve laws, but the Emir has final say on all matters.<a href="#cite_note-CIA-1">[1]</a> The current Council is made up entirely of members appointed by the Emir,<a href="#cite_note-CIA-1">[1]</a> as no legislative elections have been held since 1970 when there were partial elections to the body.<a href="#cite_note-CIA-1">[1]</a> Legislative elections are expected to be held in 2016.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">source?</a>] Qatari law does not permit the establishment of political bodies or trade unions.<a href="#cite_note-kuwari-34">[34]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sharia_law">Sharia law</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Sharia law" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">change</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Sharia law">change source</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Sharia_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharia law">Sharia law</a> is the main source of Qatari legislation according to Qatar's Constitution.<a href="#cite_note-con-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-qat1-36">[36]</a> In practice, Qatar's legal system is a mixture of <a href="/wiki/Civil_law_(legal_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil law (legal system)">civil law</a> and Sharia law.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Sharia law is applied to laws pertaining to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Family_law&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Family law (not yet started)">family law</a>, <a href="/wiki/Inheritance" title="Inheritance">inheritance</a>, and several <a href="/wiki/Criminal_law" title="Criminal law">criminal acts</a> (including <a href="/wiki/Adultery" title="Adultery">adultery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robbery" title="Robbery">robbery</a> and <a href="/wiki/Murder" title="Murder">murder</a>). In some cases in Sharia-based <a href="/w/index.php?title=Family_court&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Family court (not yet started)">family courts</a>, a female's testimony is worth half a man's.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a> Codified family law was introduced in 2006. Islamic <a href="/wiki/Polygamy" title="Polygamy">polygamy</a> is allowed in the country. <a href="/wiki/Flogging" title="Flogging">Flogging</a> is used in Qatar as a punishment for alcohol consumption or illicit sexual relations.<a href="#cite_note-amne-40">[40]</a> Article 88 of Qatar's criminal code declares the punishment for adultery is <a href="/wiki/Flagellation" class="mw-redirect" title="Flagellation">100 lashes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-flog-41">[41]</a> In 2006, a <a href="/wiki/Filipino_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Filipino people">Filipino</a> woman was sentenced to 100 lashes for adultery.<a href="#cite_note-flog-41">[41]</a> In 2010, at least 18 people (mostly foreign nationals) were sentenced to flogging of between 40 and 100 lashes for offences related to "illicit sexual relations" or alcohol consumption.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> In 2011, at least 21 people (mostly foreign nationals) were sentenced to floggings of between 30 and 100 lashes for offences related to "illicit sexual relations" or alcohol consumption.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> In 2012, six expatriates were sentenced to floggings of either 40 or 100 lashes.<a href="#cite_note-amne-40">[40]</a> Only Muslims considered medically fit were liable to have such sentences carried out. It is unknown if the sentences were implemented.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> More recently in April 2013, a Muslim expatriate was sentenced to 40 lashes for alcohol consumption.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> In June 2014, a Muslim expatriate was sentenced to 40 lashes for consuming alcohol and driving under the influence.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> The penalties for traffic violations<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> in Qatar can range from fines to imprisonment, depending on the severity of the offense common in Qatar due to the <a href="/wiki/Hanbali" title="Hanbali">Hanbali interpretation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Sharia</a>. <a href="/wiki/Stoning" title="Stoning">Stoning</a> is a legal punishment in Qatar.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> <a href="/wiki/Apostasy" title="Apostasy">Apostasy</a> is a crime punishable by the <a href="/wiki/Death_penalty" title="Death penalty">death penalty</a> in Qatar.<a href="#cite_note-iheu-51">[51]</a> <a href="/wiki/Blasphemy" title="Blasphemy">Blasphemy</a> is punishable by up to seven years in prison and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proselytizing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proselytizing (not yet started)">proselytizing</a> can be punished by up to 10 years in prison.<a href="#cite_note-iheu-51">[51]</a> <a href="/wiki/Homosexuality" title="Homosexuality">Homosexuality</a> is a crime punishable by the <a href="/wiki/Death_penalty" title="Death penalty">death penalty</a>.<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> <a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_beverage" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcoholic beverage">Alcohol</a> consumption is partially legal in Qatar; some five-star luxury hotels are allowed to sell alcohol to their non-Muslim customers.<a href="#cite_note-wsj20120107-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-arabist20120115-54">[54]</a> Muslims are not allowed to consume alcohol in Qatar and Muslims caught consuming alcohol are liable to <a href="/wiki/Flogging" title="Flogging">flogging</a> or deportation. Non-Muslim expatriates can obtain a permit to purchase alcohol for personal consumption. The Qatar Distribution Company (a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/Qatar_Airways" title="Qatar Airways">Qatar Airways</a>) is permitted to import alcohol and pork; it operates the one and only liquor store in the country, which also sells pork to holders of liquor licences.<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> Qatari officials have also indicated a willingness to allow alcohol in "fan zones" at the <a href="/wiki/2022_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2022 FIFA World Cup">2022 FIFA World Cup</a>.<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a> Until recently, restaurants on the <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Pearl-Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Pearl-Qatar (not yet started)">Pearl-Qatar</a> (a man-made island near Doha) were allowed to serve alcoholic drinks.<a href="#cite_note-wsj20120107-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-arabist20120115-54">[54]</a> In December 2011, however, restaurants on the Pearl were told to stop selling alcohol.<a href="#cite_note-wsj20120107-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-er6012012-58">[58]</a> No explanation was given for the ban.<a href="#cite_note-wsj20120107-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-arabist20120115-54">[54]</a> Speculation about the reason includes the government's desire to project a more pious image in advance of the country's first election of a royal advisory body and rumours of a financial dispute between the government and the resort's developers.<a href="#cite_note-er6012012-58">[58]</a> In 2014, Qatar launched a modesty campaign to remind tourists of the modest dress code.<a href="#cite_note-'Leggings_Are_Not_Pants'_Qatar's_New_Modesty_Campaign_Aimed_At_Westerners-59">[59]</a> Female tourists are advised not to wear leggings, miniskirts, sleeveless dresses and short or tight clothing in public. Men are advised against wearing only shorts and singlets.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Human_rights">Human rights</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Human rights" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">change</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Human rights">change source</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671799">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See the main article: <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Qatar" title="Human rights in Qatar">Human rights in Qatar</a></div> According to the <a href="/wiki/U.S._State_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. State Department">U.S. State Department</a>, expatriate workers from nations throughout <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a> and parts of <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a> voluntarily migrate to Qatar as low-skilled laborers or domestic servants, but some subsequently face conditions indicative of involuntary servitude. Some of the more common labor rights violations include beatings, withholding of payment, charging workers for benefits for which the employer is responsible, restrictions on freedom of movement (such as the confiscation of passports, travel documents, or exit permits), arbitrary detention, threats of legal action, and sexual assault.<a href="#cite_note-2011narrq-61">[61]</a> Many migrant workers arriving for work in Qatar have paid exorbitant fees to recruiters in their home countries.<a href="#cite_note-2011narrq-61">[61]</a> As of 2014, certain provisions of the Qatari Criminal Code allows punishments such as <a href="/wiki/Flogging" title="Flogging">flogging</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stoning" title="Stoning">stoning</a> to be imposed as criminal sanctions. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=UN_Committee_Against_Torture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UN Committee Against Torture (not yet started)">UN Committee Against Torture</a> found that these practices constituted a breach of the obligations imposed by the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_Against_Torture" title="United Nations Convention Against Torture">UN Convention Against Torture</a>.<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Qatar retains the death penalty, mainly for threats against national security. Use of the death penalty is rare and no state executions have taken place in Qatar since 2003.<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> Under the provisions of Qatar's sponsorship law, sponsors have the unilateral power to cancel workers' residency permits, deny workers' ability to change employers, report a worker as "absconded" to police authorities, and deny permission to leave the country.<a href="#cite_note-2011narrq-61">[61]</a> As a result, sponsors may restrict workers' movements and workers may be afraid to report abuses or claim their rights.<a href="#cite_note-2011narrq-61">[61]</a> According to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=ITUC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ITUC (not yet started)">ITUC</a>, the visa sponsorship system allows the exaction of <a href="/wiki/Forced_labor" title="Forced labor">forced labor</a> by making it difficult for a migrant worker to leave an abusive employer or travel overseas without permission.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Qatar also does not maintain wage standards for its <a href="/wiki/Immigrant" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigrant">immigrant</a> labourers. Qatar commissioned the international law firm <a href="/w/index.php?title=DLA_Piper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DLA Piper (not yet started)">DLA Piper</a> to produce a report investigating the immigrant labor system. In May 2014 DLA Piper released over 60 recommendations for reforming the kafala system including the abolition of exit visas and the introduction of a minimum wage which Qatar has pledged to implement.<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> In May 2012, Qatari officials declared their intention to allow the establishment of an independent trade union.<a href="#cite_note-unions-67">[67]</a> Qatar also announced it will scrap its sponsor system for foreign labour, which requires that all foreign workers be sponsored by local employers.<a href="#cite_note-unions-67">[67]</a> Additional changes to labour laws include a provision guaranteeing that all workers' salaries are paid directly into their bank accounts and new restrictions on working outdoors in the hottest hours during the summer.<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> New draft legislation announced in early 2015 mandates that companies that fail to pay workers' wages on time could temporarily lose their ability to hire more employees.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> In October 2015 Qatar's Emir signed into law new reforms to the country's sponsorship system, with the new law taking effect within one year.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> Critics claim that the changes could fail to address some labour rights issues.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a><a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> The country enfranchised women at the same time as men in connection with the 1999 elections for a Central Municipal Council.<a href="#cite_note-Lambert2011a-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> These elections—the first ever in Qatar—were deliberately held on March 8, 1999, <a href="/wiki/International_Women%27s_Day" title="International Women's Day">International Women's Day</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Lambert2011a-30">[30]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Foreign_relations">Foreign relations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Foreign relations" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">change</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Foreign relations">change source</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See the main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Foreign_relations_of_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Foreign relations of Qatar (not yet started)">Foreign relations of Qatar</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Secretary_Kerry_Meets_With_Amir_Hamad_bin_Khalifa_al-Thani.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Secretary_Kerry_Meets_With_Amir_Hamad_bin_Khalifa_al-Thani.jpg/220px-Secretary_Kerry_Meets_With_Amir_Hamad_bin_Khalifa_al-Thani.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Secretary_Kerry_Meets_With_Amir_Hamad_bin_Khalifa_al-Thani.jpg/330px-Secretary_Kerry_Meets_With_Amir_Hamad_bin_Khalifa_al-Thani.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Secretary_Kerry_Meets_With_Amir_Hamad_bin_Khalifa_al-Thani.jpg/440px-Secretary_Kerry_Meets_With_Amir_Hamad_bin_Khalifa_al-Thani.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4003" data-file-height="2663" /></a><figcaption>Former Emir <a href="/wiki/Hamad_bin_Khalifa_Al_Thani" title="Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani">Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani</a> and US Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry" title="John Kerry">John Kerry</a> in 2013.</figcaption></figure> As a small country with larger neighbors, Qatar seeks to project influence and protect its state and ruling dynasty.<a href="#cite_note-Boghardt-75">[75]</a> The history of Qatar's alliances provides insight into the basis of their policy. Between 1760 and 1971, Qatar sought formal protection from the high transitory powers of the Ottomans, British, Al-Khalifa's from Bahrain and the <a href="/wiki/Wahhabi" title="Wahhabi">Wahhabis</a> from Saudi Arabia.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">page needed</a>] Qatar's rising international profile and active role in international affairs has led some analysts to identify it as a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Middle_power&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Middle power (not yet started)">middle power</a>. Qatar was an early member of <a href="/wiki/OPEC" title="OPEC">OPEC</a> and a founding member of the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_Cooperation_Council" title="Gulf Cooperation Council">Gulf Cooperation Council</a> (GCC). It is a member of the <a href="/wiki/Arab_League" title="Arab League">Arab League</a>. The country has not accepted compulsory <a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">International Court of Justice</a> jurisdiction.<a href="#cite_note-CIA-1">[1]</a> Qatar also has bilateral relationships with a variety of foreign powers. Qatar hosts the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Udeid_Air_Base&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Udeid Air Base (not yet started)">Al Udeid Air Base</a>, a joint U.S.-British base, which acts as the hub for all American and British air operations in the Persian Gulf.<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> It has allowed American and British forces to use an air base to send supplies to Iraq and Afghanistan.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> Despite hosting this strategic military installation, Qatar is not always a strong Western ally. Qatar has allowed the <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> to set up a political office inside the country and has close ties to Iran, including a shared natural gas field.<a href="#cite_note-NRPpunch-79">[79]</a> According to leaked documents published in The New York Times, Qatar's record of counter-terrorism efforts was the "worst in the region".<a href="#cite_note-nyt20130630-80">[80]</a> The cable suggested that Qatar's security service was "hesitant to act against known terrorists out of concern for appearing to be aligned with the U.S. and provoking reprisals".<a href="#cite_note-nyt20130630-80">[80]</a> Qatar has mixed relations with its neighbors in the Persian Gulf region. Qatar signed a defence co-operation agreement with Iran,<a href="#cite_note-81">[81]</a> with whom it shares the largest single non-associated gas field in the world. It was the second nation, the first being France, to have publicly announced its recognition of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Libyan_opposition&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Libyan opposition (not yet started)">Libyan opposition</a>'s <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Transitional_Council&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Transitional Council (not yet started)">National Transitional Council</a> as the legitimate <a href="/w/index.php?title=Government_of_Libya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Government of Libya (not yet started)">government</a> of <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> amidst the <a href="/wiki/2011_Libyan_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Libyan civil war">2011 Libyan civil war</a>.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a> In 2014, Qatar's relations with <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates (UAE)</a> came to a boiling point over Qatar's support for the <a href="/wiki/Muslim_Brotherhood" title="Muslim Brotherhood">Muslim Brotherhood</a> and extremist groups in Syria.<a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a> This culminated in the three aforementioned countries withdrawing their ambassadors from Qatar in March 2014.<a href="#cite_note-Islam_Hassan-84">[84]</a> When the ambassadors withdrew, the GCC was reportedly on the verge of a crisis linked to the emergence of distinct political blocs with conflicting interests. Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Bahrain were engaged in a political struggle with Qatar, while Oman and Kuwait represent a non-aligned bloc within the GCC.<a href="#cite_note-Islam_Hassan-84">[84]</a> Relations between the countries improved after the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) announced Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE returned their diplomats to Qatar.<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> Islam Hassan, a researcher in Persian Gulf Studies at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qatar University (not yet started)">Qatar University</a>, claims that, with the resolution of the GCC crisis, Qatar reached a new level of political maturity. He goes on to assert that Qatar managed to bring an end to the crisis without changing any of its foreign policy principles or abandoning its allies.<a href="#cite_note-Islam_Hassan-84">[84]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Qatar_in_Libya.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Qatar_in_Libya.jpg/220px-Flag_of_Qatar_in_Libya.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Qatar_in_Libya.jpg/330px-Flag_of_Qatar_in_Libya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Qatar_in_Libya.jpg/440px-Flag_of_Qatar_in_Libya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="680" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Qatar's flag in <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> after the <a href="/wiki/2011_Libyan_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Libyan Civil War">Libyan Civil War</a>; Qatar played an influential role during the <a href="/wiki/Arab_Spring" title="Arab Spring">Arab Spring</a>.</figcaption></figure> In recent years, Qatar has been using Islamist militants in a number of countries including Egypt, Syria, Libya, Somalia and Mali to further its foreign policy. Courting Islamists from the Muslim Brotherhood to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salafi_movement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salafi movement (not yet started)">Salafist</a> groups has served as a power amplifier for the country, as it believes since the beginning of the <a href="/wiki/Arab_Spring" title="Arab Spring">Arab Spring</a> that these groups represented the wave of the future.<a href="#cite_note-Boghardt-75">[75]</a><a href="#cite_note-nyt20130630-80">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> David Cohen, the Under Secretary for terrorism and financial intelligence at the U.S. Treasury, said that Qatar, like Kuwait and UAE is a "permissive jurisdiction for terrorist financing."<a href="#cite_note-ISIS-87">[87]</a> There is evidence that these groups supported by Qatar include the hard-line Islamic militant groups active in northern Syria.<a href="#cite_note-nyt20130630-80">[80]</a> As of 2015<a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit">[update]</a>, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and Turkey are openly backing the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_of_Conquest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Army of Conquest (not yet started)">Army of Conquest</a>,<a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> an umbrella group of anti-government forces fighting in the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian Civil War">Syrian Civil War</a> that reportedly includes an Pro-<a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">Al-Qaeda</a> <a href="/wiki/Al-Nusra_Front" title="Al-Nusra Front">Al-Nusra Front</a> and another <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salafi_jihadism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salafi jihadism (not yet started)">Salafi</a> group of <a href="/wiki/Ahrar_ash-Sham" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahrar ash-Sham">Ahrar ash-Sham</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ISIS-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a> Qatar supported the democratically elected President <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Morsi" title="Mohamed Morsi">Mohamed Morsi</a> with diplomatic support and the state-owned <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Jazeera_network&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Jazeera network (not yet started)">Al Jazeera network</a> before he was deposed in a military coup.<a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a><a href="#cite_note-FP-92">[92]</a> Qatar offered Egypt a $7.5 billion loan during the year he was in power.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> Qatar's alignment with <a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas">Hamas</a>, first reported in early 2012,<a href="#cite_note-bbchamas-94">[94]</a> has drawn criticism from Israel, the United States, Egypt and Saudi Arabia, "who accuse Qatar of undermining regional stability by supporting Hamas."<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a> However, the Foreign Minister of Qatar has denied supporting Hamas, stating "We do not support Hamas but we support the Palestinians."<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> Following a peace agreement, Qatar pledged $1 billion in humanitarian aid to Gaza.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> Qatar has hosted academic, religious, political, and economic conferences. The 11th annual Doha Forum recently brought in key thinkers, professionals of various backgrounds, and political figures from all over the world to discuss democracy, media and information technology, free trade, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Water_security&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Water security (not yet started)">water security</a> issues. In addition, the forum has featured the Middle East Economic Future conference since 2006.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> In more recent times, Qatar has hosted peace talks between rival factions across the globe. Notable among these include the Darfur Agreement. The Doha Declaration is the basis of the peace process in Darfur and it has achieved significant gains on the ground for the African region. Notable achievements included the restoration of security and stability, progress made in construction and reconstruction processes, return of displaced residents and uniting of Darfur people to face challenges and push forward the peace process.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> Qatar donated £88.5million in funds to finance recovery and reconstruction in Darfur.<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military">Military</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Military" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">change</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Military">change source</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See the main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar_Armed_Forces&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qatar Armed Forces (not yet started)">Qatar Armed Forces</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dassault_Mirage_2000-5_participating_in_Odyssey_Dawn_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Dassault_Mirage_2000-5_participating_in_Odyssey_Dawn_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Dassault_Mirage_2000-5_participating_in_Odyssey_Dawn_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Dassault_Mirage_2000-5_participating_in_Odyssey_Dawn_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Dassault_Mirage_2000-5_participating_in_Odyssey_Dawn_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Dassault_Mirage_2000-5_participating_in_Odyssey_Dawn_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Dassault_Mirage_2000-5_participating_in_Odyssey_Dawn_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2170" data-file-height="1346" /></a><figcaption>Qatar's <a href="/wiki/Dassault_Mirage_2000" title="Dassault Mirage 2000">Dassault Mirage 2000</a> flying over <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a>.</figcaption></figure> The Qatar Armed Forces are the military forces of Qatar. The country maintains a modest military force of approximately 11,800 men, including an army (8,500), navy (1,800) and air force (1,500). Qatar's defence expenditures accounted for approximately 4.2% of gross national product in 1993. In 2008 Qatar spent US$2.355 billion on military expenditures, 2.3% of the gross domestic product.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Qatari special forces have been trained by <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> and other Western countries, and are believed to possess considerable skill.<a href="#cite_note-strangepow-102">[102]</a> They also helped the Libyan rebels during the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Tripoli_(2011)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Tripoli (2011) (not yet started)">2011 Battle of Tripoli</a>.<a href="#cite_note-strangepow-102">[102]</a> Qatar has signed defense pacts with the <a href="/wiki/United_States_of_America" class="mw-redirect" title="United States of America">United States of America (USA)</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Great_Britain" title="Great Britain">Great Britain (GB)</a>, as well as with France earlier in 1994. Qatar plays an active role in the collective defense efforts of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cooperation_Council_for_the_Arab_States_of_the_Gulf&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (not yet started)">Gulf Cooperation Council</a>; the other five members are Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, the UAE, and Oman. The presence of a large Qatari Air Base, operated by the United States and several other UN nations, provides a guaranteed source of defense and national security. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stockholm_International_Peace_Research_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (not yet started)">Stockholm International Peace Research Institute</a>, SIPRI, found that in 2010–14 Qatar was the 46th largest arms importer in the world. However, SIPRI writes, Qatar's plans to transform and significantly enlarge its armed forces have accelerated. Orders in 2013 for 62 tanks and 24 self-propelled guns from Germany were followed in 2014 by several other contracts, including 24 combat helicopters and 3 AEW aircraft from the US, and 2 tanker aircraft from Spain.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> Qatar's military participated in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi_Arabian-led_intervention_in_Yemen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen (not yet started)">Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shia</a> <a href="/wiki/Houthis" class="mw-redirect" title="Houthis">Houthis</a>. In 2015, Al Jazeera America reported: "Numerous reports suggest that the Saudi-led coalition against opposition groups in Yemen has indiscriminately attacked civilians and used cluster bombs in civilian-populated areas, in violation of international law."<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Administrative divisions" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">change</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Administrative divisions">change source</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Qatar,_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Qatar%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/250px-Qatar%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Qatar%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/375px-Qatar%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Qatar%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg/500px-Qatar%2C_administrative_divisions_-_Nmbrs_-_colored.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1039" data-file-height="987" /></a><figcaption>Municipalities of Qatar since 2004</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9671799"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See the main article: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Municipalities_of_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Municipalities of Qatar (not yet started)">Municipalities of Qatar</a></div> Since 2004, Qatar has been divided into seven municipalities (Arabic: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baladiyah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baladiyah (not yet started)">baladiyah</a>).<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> <ol><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinat_ash_Shamal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Madinat ash Shamal (not yet started)">Madinat ash Shamal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Khor_(municipality)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Khor (municipality) (not yet started)">Al Khor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umm_Salal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umm Salal (not yet started)">Umm Salal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Al_Daayen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al Daayen (not yet started)">Al Daayen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Rayyan" title="Al Rayyan">Al Rayyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doha" title="Doha">Doha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Wakrah" title="Al Wakrah">Al Wakrah</a></li></ol> For statistical purposes, the municipalities are further subdivided into 98 zones (as of 2010<a class="external text" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit">[update]</a>),<a href="#cite_note-admdiv-106">[106]</a> which are in turn subdivided into blocks.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Change section: Geography" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">change</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Geography">change source</a>]</div> Qatar is a <a href="/wiki/Peninsula" title="Peninsula">peninsula</a> (a strip of land sticking out into the sea). It is joined to <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> to the south, and all the other sides of it are surrounded by the waters of the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Arabian Gulf</a>. Qatar is quite a small country and has an area of only 10,360 km². The peninsula is 160 km long. Much of the country is a low, barren <a href="/wiki/Plain" title="Plain">plain</a>, covered with <a href="/wiki/Sand" title="Sand">sand</a>. The Jebel-Dukhan area has Qatar’s main onshore <a href="/wiki/Oil_field" title="Oil field">oil deposits</a>. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Natural_gas_field&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natural gas field (not yet started)">natural gas fields</a> lie offshore, to the northwest of the peninsula. The <a href="/wiki/Capital_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital (city)">Capital</a> of Qatar is <a href="/wiki/Doha" title="Doha">Doha</a>, where over 90% of the people live. The other large city is <a href="/wiki/Al_Wakrah" title="Al Wakrah">Al-Wakrah</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_and_politics">Government and politics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Change section: Government and politics" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">change</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Government and politics">change source</a>]</div> Qatar has an unelected, monarchic, <a href="/wiki/Emirate" title="Emirate">Emirate</a>-type government. The position of emir is <a href="/wiki/Hereditary" class="mw-redirect" title="Hereditary">hereditary</a>.<a href="#cite_note-CIA-1">[1]</a> The Emir is the only one who can appoint and remove the prime minister and cabinet ministers. Together the ministers make up the Council of Ministers. They are the highest executive authority in the country.<a href="#cite_note-qatarembassy-108">[108]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="People_and_culture">People and culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Change section: People and culture" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">change</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: People and culture">change source</a>]</div> People of Qatar are called Qataris. They are <a href="/wiki/Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab">Arabs</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Official_language" title="Official language">official language</a> of Qatar is <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>, but many people also speak <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, especially when they are doing <a href="/wiki/Business" title="Business">business</a>. About 2.6 million people live in Qatar; however, about 88% of these are guest workers (people from another country who are living and working there for a short time), mostly coming from South Asia, South East Asia, and other Arab countries. 650,000 are Indians, 350,000 Nepalis, 260,000 Filipinos among a lot of other nationalities.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> Almost all of Qatar's economy comes from producing <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Currency" title="Currency">Currency</a> of Qatar is called Qatari Riyal or Riyal. Qataris follow <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>. However, many guest workers follow other religions such as <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">'Hinduism'</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jainism" title="Jainism">Jainism</a>, while a teeny-tiny amount of Qataris practice <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Change section: Sport" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">change</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Sport">change source</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">Football</a> is the most popular sport in Qatar, closely followed by <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricket</a>. The Qatar under-20 national football team finished second in the <a href="/wiki/1981_FIFA_World_Youth_Championship" title="1981 FIFA World Youth Championship">1981 FIFA World Youth Championship</a>. The Asian Football Confederation's <a href="/wiki/2011_AFC_Asian_Cup" title="2011 AFC Asian Cup">2011 AFC Asian Cup</a> finals were held in Qatar in January 2011. It was the second time it has been hosted by Qatar, the other being the <a href="/wiki/1988_AFC_Asian_Cup" title="1988 AFC Asian Cup">1988 AFC Asian Cup</a>. Doha, Qatar, is also home to Qatar Racing Club a <a href="/wiki/Drag_Racing" class="mw-redirect" title="Drag Racing">Drag Racing</a> facility. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khalifa_International_Tennis_and_Squash_Complex&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khalifa International Tennis and Squash Complex (not yet started)">Khalifa International Tennis and Squash Complex</a> in Doha, Qatar, hosted the <a href="/w/index.php?title=WTA_Tour_Championships&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WTA Tour Championships (not yet started)">WTA Tour Championships</a> in women's tennis between 2008 and 2010. Doha holds the <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Tennis_Association" title="Women's Tennis Association">WTA</a> Premier tournament <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar_Ladies_Open&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qatar Ladies Open (not yet started)">Qatar Ladies Open</a> each year. On December 2, 2010, Qatar won their bid to host the <a href="/wiki/2022_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2022 FIFA World Cup">2022 FIFA World Cup</a>.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nasser_Al-Attiyah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nasser Al-Attiyah (not yet started)">Nasser Al-Attiyah</a> of Qatar won the <a href="/w/index.php?title=2011_Dakar_Rally&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2011 Dakar Rally (not yet started)">2011 Dakar Rally</a> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Production_World_Rally_Championship&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Production World Rally Championship (not yet started)">Production World Rally Championship</a> in 2006. In addition, he has also won gold medals at the <a href="/wiki/2002_Asian_Games" title="2002 Asian Games">2002 Asian Games</a> and <a href="/wiki/2010_Asian_Games" title="2010 Asian Games">2010 Asian Games</a> as part of the Qatari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skeet_shooting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skeet shooting (not yet started)">skeet shooting</a> team. Since 2002, Qatar has hosted the yearly <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tour_of_Qatar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tour of Qatar (not yet started)">Tour of Qatar</a>, a cycling race in six stages. Every February, riders are racing on the roads across Qatar's flat land for six days. Each stage covers a distance of more than 100 km.<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">change</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: References">change source</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CIA-1">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-0">1.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-1">1.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-2">1.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-3">1.3</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-4">1.4</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-5">1.5</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-6">1.6</a> <a href="#cite_ref-CIA_1-7">1.7</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211230/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/qa.html">"Middle East :: Qatar"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CIA_World_Factbook" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA World Factbook">CIA World Factbook</a>. <a href="/wiki/Central_Intelligence_Agency" title="Central Intelligence Agency">Central Intelligence Agency</a>. February 8, 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/qa.html">the original</a> on December 24, 2018. Retrieved March 4, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CIA+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=Middle+East+%3A%3A+Qatar&rft.date=2012-02-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fgeos%2Fqa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-qsa-Aug13-2"><a href="#cite_ref-qsa-Aug13_2-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180626135815/https://www.mdps.gov.qa/en/statistics1/StatisticsSite/Pages/Population.aspx">"Population structure"</a>. Ministry of Development Planning and Statistics. January 31, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mdps.gov.qa/en/statistics1/StatisticsSite/Pages/Population.aspx">the original</a> on June 26, 2018. Retrieved November 24, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+structure&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Development+Planning+and+Statistics&rft.date=2017-01-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mdps.gov.qa%2Fen%2Fstatistics1%2FStatisticsSite%2FPages%2FPopulation.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-census10-3"><a href="#cite_ref-census10_3-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100709192746/http://www.qsa.gov.qa/QatarCensus/Populations.aspx">"Populations"</a>. Qsa.gov.qa. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qsa.gov.qa/QatarCensus/Populations.aspx">the original</a> on July 9, 2010. Retrieved October 2, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Populations&rft.pub=Qsa.gov.qa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.qsa.gov.qa%2FQatarCensus%2FPopulations.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-imf2-4">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-imf2_4-0">4.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf2_4-1">4.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf2_4-2">4.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-imf2_4-3">4.3</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180504102017/http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=68&pr.y=12&sy=2017&ey=2018&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=453&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=">"World Economic Outlook Database, April 2018 – Report for Selected Countries and Subjects"</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> (IMF). April 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2018/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=68&pr.y=12&sy=2017&ey=2018&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=453&s=NGDPD%2CPPPGDP%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=">the original</a> on May 4, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Economic+Outlook+Database%2C+April+2018+%E2%80%93+Report+for+Selected+Countries+and+Subjects&rft.pub=International+Monetary+Fund+%28IMF%29&rft.date=2018-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imf.org%2Fexternal%2Fpubs%2Fft%2Fweo%2F2018%2F01%2Fweodata%2Fweorept.aspx%3Fpr.x%3D68%26pr.y%3D12%26sy%3D2017%26ey%3D2018%26scsm%3D1%26ssd%3D1%26sort%3Dcountry%26ds%3D.%26br%3D1%26c%3D453%26s%3DNGDPD%252CPPPGDP%252CNGDPDPC%252CPPPPC%26grp%3D0%26a%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SI.POV.GINI/">"GINI index"</a>. World Bank. Retrieved January 22, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GINI+index&rft.pub=World+Bank&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdata.worldbank.org%2Findicator%2FSI.POV.GINI%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-HDI-6"><a href="#cite_ref-HDI_6-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180914203906/http://hdr.undp.org/en/2018-update">"2018 Human Development Report"</a>. United Nations Development Programme. 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hdr.undp.org/en/2018-update">the original</a> on September 14, 2018. Retrieved September 14, 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2018+Human+Development+Report&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.date=2018&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hdr.undp.org%2Fen%2F2018-update&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldstandards.eu/cars/list-of-left-driving-countries/">"List of left- & right-driving countries – World Standards"</a>. Retrieved June 5, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=List+of+left-+%26+right-driving+countries+%E2%80%93+World+Standards&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldstandards.eu%2Fcars%2Flist-of-left-driving-countries%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> Pronunciation adopted by <a href="/wiki/Qatar_Airways" title="Qatar Airways">Qatar Airways</a>' advertisements, such as <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NieLZzuA1OQ">Qatar Airways: the Art of Flight Redefined</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110511182957/http://www.speech.cs.cmu.edu/cgi-bin/cmudict?stress=-s&in=QATAR">"CMU Pronouncing Dictionary"</a>. CS. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.speech.cs.cmu.edu/cgi-bin/cmudict?stress=-s&in=QATAR">the original</a> on May 11, 2011. Retrieved March 28, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CMU+Pronouncing+Dictionary&rft.pub=CS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.speech.cs.cmu.edu%2Fcgi-bin%2Fcmudict%3Fstress%3D-s%26in%3DQATAR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-EoI-10"><a href="#cite_ref-EoI_10-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFJohnstone2008" class="citation web cs1">Johnstone, T. M. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/katar-SIM_4018">"Encyclopaedia of Islam"</a>. Ķaṭar. Brill Online. Retrieved January 22, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%C4%B6a%E1%B9%ADar&rft.atitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Johnstone&rft.aufirst=T.+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fentries%2Fencyclopaedia-of-islam-2%2Fkatar-SIM_4018&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> (subscription required) </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/posttv/politics/how-do-you-say-qatar-senate-hearing-has-the-answer/2014/06/12/57b193aa-f240-11e3-8658-4dc6c63456f1_video.html">"How do you say 'Qatar'? Senate hearing has the answer"</a>. Washington Post. June 12, 2014. Retrieved March 12, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=How+do+you+say+%27Qatar%27%3F+Senate+hearing+has+the+answer&rft.date=2014-06-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fposttv%2Fpolitics%2Fhow-do-you-say-qatar-senate-hearing-has-the-answer%2F2014%2F06%2F12%2F57b193aa-f240-11e3-8658-4dc6c63456f1_video.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC9Sep05-12">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC9Sep05_12-0">12.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC9Sep05_12-1">12.1</a> BBC News, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/3784765.stm">How democratic is the Middle East?</a>, September 9, 2005. </li> <li id="cite_note-USState2011-13">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-USState2011_13-0">13.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-USState2011_13-1">13.1</a> United States Department of State <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/186656.pdf">Country Reports on Human Rights Practices for 2011: Qatar</a>, 2011. </li> <li id="cite_note-ftManage-14">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-ftManage_14-0">14.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ftManage_14-1">14.1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFGardener" class="citation news cs1">Gardener, David. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/2e141faa-dd82-11e2-a756-00144feab7de.html#axzz4CEashMmp">"Qatar shows how to manage a modern monarchy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Qatar+shows+how+to+manage+a+modern+monarchy&rft.aulast=Gardener&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcms%2Fs%2F0%2F2e141faa-dd82-11e2-a756-00144feab7de.html%23axzz4CEashMmp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ciaw-15"><a href="#cite_ref-ciaw_15-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181221191327/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2128.html#qa">"The World Factbook"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=CIA_Factbook&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CIA Factbook (not yet started)">CIA Factbook</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2128.html#qa">the original</a> on 2018-12-21. Retrieved 2016-12-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+World+Factbook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Fpublications%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Ffields%2F2128.html%23qa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cangov-16">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-cangov_16-0">16.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cangov_16-1">16.1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/qatar/bilateral_relations_bilaterales/index.aspx?lang=eng&pedisable=true">"Canada – Qatar Bilateral Relations"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Canada" title="Government of Canada">Government of Canada</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Canada+%E2%80%93+Qatar+Bilateral+Relations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canadainternational.gc.ca%2Fqatar%2Fbilateral_relations_bilaterales%2Findex.aspx%3Flang%3Deng%26pedisable%3Dtrue&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-electionguide.org-17">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-electionguide.org_17-0">17.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-electionguide.org_17-1">17.1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200513193632/http://www.electionguide.org/results.php?ID=341">"IFES Election Guide - Elections: Qatar Referendum Apr 29 2003"</a>. www.electionguide.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.electionguide.org/results.php?ID=341">the original</a> on 2020-05-13. Retrieved 2016-12-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.electionguide.org&rft.atitle=IFES+Election+Guide+-+Elections%3A+Qatar+Referendum+Apr+29+2003&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.electionguide.org%2Fresults.php%3FID%3D341&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-princeton.edu-18">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-princeton.edu_18-0">18.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-princeton.edu_18-1">18.1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010092106/https://www.princeton.edu/~pcwcr/reports/qatar2003.html">"Qatar 2003"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.princeton.edu/~pcwcr/reports/qatar2003.html">the original</a> on 2017-10-10. Retrieved 2016-12-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Qatar+2003&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.princeton.edu%2F~pcwcr%2Freports%2Fqatar2003.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-pop-19"><a href="#cite_ref-pop_19-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181122162153/http://priyadsouza.com/population-of-qatar-by-nationality-in-2017/">"Population of Qatar by nationality - 2017 report"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://priyadsouza.com/population-of-qatar-by-nationality-in-2017/">the original</a> on 22 November 2018. Retrieved 1 February 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+of+Qatar+by+nationality+-+2017+report&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpriyadsouza.com%2Fpopulation-of-qatar-by-nationality-in-2017%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130112042847/http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/">"Indices & Data | Human Development Reports"</a>. United Nations Development Programme. March 14, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/">the original</a> on January 12, 2013. Retrieved June 27, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indices+%26+Data+%26%23124%3B+Human+Development+Reports&rft.pub=United+Nations+Development+Programme&rft.date=2013-03-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdr.undp.org%2Fen%2Fstatistics%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dohanews.co/un-ranks-qatar-highest-among-arab-states-human-development/">"Qatar human development"</a>. 15 December 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Qatar+human+development&rft.date=2015-12-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdohanews.co%2Fun-ranks-qatar-highest-among-arab-states-human-development%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFDagher2011" class="citation news cs1">Dagher, Sam (October 17, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://online.wsj.com/news/articles/SB10001424052970204002304576627000922764650">"Tiny Kingdom's Huge Role in Libya Draws Concern"</a>. Online.wsj.com. Retrieved December 30, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Tiny+Kingdom%27s+Huge+Role+in+Libya+Draws+Concern&rft.date=2011-10-17&rft.aulast=Dagher&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Fnews%2Farticles%2FSB10001424052970204002304576627000922764650&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170610115944/http://politicsandpolicy.org/article/qatar-rise-underdog">"Qatar: Rise of an Underdog"</a>. Politicsandpolicy.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politicsandpolicy.org/article/qatar-rise-underdog">the original</a> on June 10, 2017. Retrieved December 30, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Qatar%3A+Rise+of+an+Underdog&rft.pub=Politicsandpolicy.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpoliticsandpolicy.org%2Farticle%2Fqatar-rise-underdog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFIan_Black_in_Tripoli2011" class="citation web cs1">Ian Black in Tripoli (26 October 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/oct/26/qatar-troops-libya-rebels-support">"Qatar admits sending hundreds of troops to support Libya rebels"</a>. Theguardian.com. Retrieved December 30, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Qatar+admits+sending+hundreds+of+troops+to+support+Libya+rebels&rft.pub=Theguardian.com&rft.date=2011-10-26&rft.au=Ian+Black+in+Tripoli&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2011%2Foct%2F26%2Fqatar-troops-libya-rebels-support&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFCooper" class="citation web cs1">Cooper, Andrew F. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170629211701/http://www.publicdiplomacymagazine.com/middle-powers-squeezed-out-or-adaptive/">"Middle Powers: Squeezed out or Adaptive?"</a>. Public Diplomacy Magazine. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publicdiplomacymagazine.com/middle-powers-squeezed-out-or-adaptive/">the original</a> on June 29, 2017. Retrieved March 12, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Middle+Powers%3A+Squeezed+out+or+Adaptive%3F&rft.pub=Public+Diplomacy+Magazine&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Andrew+F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublicdiplomacymagazine.com%2Fmiddle-powers-squeezed-out-or-adaptive%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFKamrava" class="citation web cs1">Kamrava, Mehran. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131007183501/http://www18.georgetown.edu/data/people/mk556/publication-61175.pdf">"Mediation and Qatari Foreign Policy"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www18.georgetown.edu/data/people/mk556/publication-61175.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on October 7, 2013. Retrieved March 12, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mediation+and+Qatari+Foreign+Policy&rft.aulast=Kamrava&rft.aufirst=Mehran&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww18.georgetown.edu%2Fdata%2Fpeople%2Fmk556%2Fpublication-61175.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Rhys_in_Doha" class="citation web cs1">Paul Rhys in Doha. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aljazeera.com/sport/2010/04/2010424184010305993.html">"Blatter reaches out to Arabia"</a>. Aljazeera.com. Retrieved December 30, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Blatter+reaches+out+to+Arabia&rft.pub=Aljazeera.com&rft.au=Paul+Rhys+in+Doha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fsport%2F2010%2F04%2F2010424184010305993.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.awist.pl/">"How democratic is the Middle East?"</a>. September 9, 2005 – via news.bbc.co.uk.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=How+democratic+is+the+Middle+East%3F&rft.date=2005-09-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.awist.pl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/documents/organization/186656.pdf">"We apologize for the inconvenience"</a> (PDF).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=We+apologize+for+the+inconvenience&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fdocuments%2Forganization%2F186656.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lambert2011a-30">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Lambert2011a_30-0">30.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lambert2011a_30-1">30.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lambert2011a_30-2">30.2</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFLambert2011" class="citation journal cs1">Lambert, Jennifer (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130116235840/http://mepc.org/journal/middle-east-policy-archives/political-reform-qatar-participation-legitimacy-and-security?print">"Political Reform in Qatar: Participation, Legitimacy and Security"</a>. 19 (1). Middle East Policy Council. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mepc.org/journal/middle-east-policy-archives/political-reform-qatar-participation-legitimacy-and-security?print">the original</a> on 2013-01-16. Retrieved 2016-12-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Political+Reform+in+Qatar%3A+Participation%2C+Legitimacy+and+Security&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Lambert&rft.aufirst=Jennifer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmepc.org%2Fjournal%2Fmiddle-east-policy-archives%2Fpolitical-reform-qatar-participation-legitimacy-and-security%3Fprint&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Reut20111101-31"><a href="#cite_ref-Reut20111101_31-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151120233112/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/11/01/uk-qatar-election-idUKTRE7A01US20111101">"Qatar to hold advisory council elections in 2013"</a>. Reuters (UK edition). Reuters. November 1, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/2011/11/01/uk-qatar-election-idUKTRE7A01US20111101">the original</a> on November 20, 2015. Retrieved March 4, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters+%28UK+edition%29&rft.atitle=Qatar+to+hold+advisory+council+elections+in+2013&rft.date=2011-11-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2011%2F11%2F01%2Fuk-qatar-election-idUKTRE7A01US20111101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-New_Emir_BBC-32"><a href="#cite_ref-New_Emir_BBC_32-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-23026870">"Qatari emir Sheikh Hamad hands power to son Tamim"</a>. BBC. June 25, 2013. Retrieved June 25, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Qatari+emir+Sheikh+Hamad+hands+power+to+son+Tamim&rft.date=2013-06-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-23026870&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-embassycouncil-33">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-embassycouncil_33-0">33.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-embassycouncil_33-1">33.1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100612090451/http://qatarembassy.net/council.asp">"Council of Ministers"</a>. Embassy of the State of Qatar in Washington DC. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qatarembassy.net/council.asp">the original</a> on June 12, 2010. Retrieved March 4, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Council+of+Ministers&rft.pub=Embassy+of+the+State+of+Qatar+in+Washington+DC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.qatarembassy.net%2Fcouncil.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kuwari-34"><a href="#cite_ref-kuwari_34-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171010092159/http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/8880/the-people-want-reform%E2%80%A6-in-qatar-too.">"The People Want Reform… In Qatar, Too"</a>. Jadaliyya. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jadaliyya.com/pages/index/8880/the-people-want-reform%E2%80%A6-in-qatar-too.">the original</a> on 2017-10-10. Retrieved 2016-12-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jadaliyya&rft.atitle=The+People+Want+Reform%E2%80%A6+In+Qatar%2C+Too.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jadaliyya.com%2Fpages%2Findex%2F8880%2Fthe-people-want-reform%25E2%2580%25A6-in-qatar-too.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-con-35"><a href="#cite_ref-con_35-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006075128/http://www.almeezan.qa/LawArticles.aspx?LawArticleID=25754&LawId=2284&language=en">"The Permanent Constitution of the State of Qatar"</a>. Government of Qatar. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.almeezan.qa/LawArticles.aspx?LawArticleID=25754&LawId=2284&language=en">the original</a> on 2014-10-06. 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Islam is its religion and Sharia law is the main source of its legislation.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Constitution+of+Qatar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wipo.int%2Fwipolex%2Fen%2Fdetails.jsp%3Fid%3D9626&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131123052127/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/qa.html">"The World Factbook"</a>. U.S. Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/qa.html">the original</a> on 2013-11-23. 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Retrieved May 1, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Purchasing+Alcohol+in+Qatar&rft.pub=Qatar+Visitor&rft.date=2007-06-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.qatarvisitor.com%2Findex.php%3FcID%3D414%26pID%3D1053&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFWalid2009" class="citation news cs1">Walid, Tamara (November 11, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenational.ae/sport/football/qatar-would-welcome-israel-in-2022">"Qatar would 'welcome' Israel in 2022"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=The_National_(Abu_Dhabi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The National (Abu Dhabi) (not yet started)">The National</a>. 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Dorsey (January 17, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eurasiareview.com/16012012-debate-questions-emir%E2%80%99s-powers-to-shape-qatar%E2%80%99s-positioning-as-sports-hub-and-sponsor-of-revolts-analysis">"Debate Questions Emir's Powers To Shape Qatar's Positioning As Sports Hub And Sponsor of Revolts – Analysis"</a>. The Eurasia Review. Retrieved January 17, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Debate+Questions+Emir%27s+Powers+To+Shape+Qatar%27s+Positioning+As+Sports+Hub+And+Sponsor+of+Revolts+%E2%80%93+Analysis&rft.date=2012-01-17&rft.au=James+M.+Dorsey&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eurasiareview.com%2F16012012-debate-questions-emir%25E2%2580%2599s-powers-to-shape-qatar%25E2%2580%2599s-positioning-as-sports-hub-and-sponsor-of-revolts-analysis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-'Leggings_Are_Not_Pants'_Qatar's_New_Modesty_Campaign_Aimed_At_Westerners-59"><a href="#cite_ref-'Leggings_Are_Not_Pants'_Qatar's_New_Modesty_Campaign_Aimed_At_Westerners_59-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFElgot2014" class="citation news cs1">Elgot, Jessica (May 28, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2014/05/28/qatar-modesty-world-cup_n_5405054.html">"'Leggings Are Not Pants' Qatar's New Modesty Campaign Aimed At Westerners'"</a>. Huffington Post.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=%27Leggings+Are+Not+Pants%27+Qatar%27s+New+Modesty+Campaign+Aimed+At+Westerners%27&rft.date=2014-05-28&rft.aulast=Elgot&rft.aufirst=Jessica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.co.uk%2F2014%2F05%2F28%2Fqatar-modesty-world-cup_n_5405054.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFAningtias_Jatmika2014" class="citation web cs1">Aningtias Jatmika (May 29, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.tempo.co/read/news/2014/05/29/240581035/Qatar-Bans-Tourists-from-Wearing-Leggings-in-Public">"Qatar Bans Tourists from Wearing Leggings in Public"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Qatar+Bans+Tourists+from+Wearing+Leggings+in+Public&rft.date=2014-05-29&rft.au=Aningtias+Jatmika&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.tempo.co%2Fread%2Fnews%2F2014%2F05%2F29%2F240581035%2FQatar-Bans-Tourists-from-Wearing-Leggings-in-Public&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2011narrq-61">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-2011narrq_61-0">61.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-2011narrq_61-1">61.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-2011narrq_61-2">61.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-2011narrq_61-3">61.3</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation book cs1">"Country Narratives". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.state.gov/j/tip/rls/tiprpt/2011/164233.htm">Human Trafficking Report 2011</a>. Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a>. June 2011. Retrieved January 21, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Country+Narratives&rft.btitle=Human+Trafficking+Report+2011&rft.pub=Office+to+Monitor+and+Combat+Trafficking+in+Persons%2C+United+States+Department+of+State&rft.date=2011-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.state.gov%2Fj%2Ftip%2Frls%2Ftiprpt%2F2011%2F164233.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><a href="#cite_ref-62">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFKelly2009" class="citation journal cs1">Kelly, Tobias (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/3b940ee1-e99f-4ab6-bbb1-37face2fae2c">"The UN Committee against Torture: Human Rights Monitoring and the Legal Recognition of Cruelty"</a>. Human Rights Quarterly. 313 (3): 777–800. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1353%2Fhrq.0.0094">10.1353/hrq.0.0094</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:145632406">145632406</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Rights+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+UN+Committee+against+Torture%3A+Human+Rights+Monitoring+and+the+Legal+Recognition+of+Cruelty&rft.volume=313&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=777-800&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1353%2Fhrq.0.0094&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A145632406%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Kelly&rft.aufirst=Tobias&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.research.ed.ac.uk%2Fen%2Fpublications%2F3b940ee1-e99f-4ab6-bbb1-37face2fae2c&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unhcr.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/refworld/rwmain?docid=453776c75">Conclusions and Recommendations: Qatar</a> (Report). UN Committee Against Torture. July 25, 2006. U.N. Doc. CAT/C/QAT/CO/1. Retrieved January 9, 2012. <q>"Certain provisions of the Criminal Code allow punishments such as flogging and stoning to be imposed as criminal sanctions by judicial and administrative authorities. These practices constitute a breach of the obligations imposed by the Convention. The Committee notes with interest that authorities are presently considering amendments to the Prison Act that would abolish flogging." (Par. 12)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Conclusions+and+Recommendations%3A+Qatar&rft.pub=UN+Committee+Against+Torture&rft.date=2006-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unhcr.org%2Fcgi-bin%2Ftexis%2Fvtx%2Frefworld%2Frwmain%3Fdocid%3D453776c75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.handsoffcain.info/bancadati/schedastato.php?idstato=18000093&idcontinente=23">"Death penalties in the world -Qatar"</a>. 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Death+penalties+in+the+world+-Qatar&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.handsoffcain.info%2Fbancadati%2Fschedastato.php%3Fidstato%3D18000093%26idcontinente%3D23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029202038/http://www.ituc-csi.org/international-unions-warn-qatar-s?lang=en">"International unions warn Qatar's work visa system allows employers to use forced labour"</a>. ITUC-CSI-IGB. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ituc-csi.org/international-unions-warn-qatar-s?lang=en">the original</a> on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2016-12-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=International+unions+warn+Qatar%27s+work+visa+system+allows+employers+to+use+forced+labour&rft.pub=ITUC-CSI-IGB&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ituc-csi.org%2Finternational-unions-warn-qatar-s%3Flang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFOwen_Gibson2014" class="citation web cs1">Owen Gibson (May 14, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/may/14/qatar-admits-deaths-in-migrant-workers">"Qatar government admits almost 1,000 fatalities among migrants"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=TheGuardian.com&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TheGuardian.com (not yet started)">TheGuardian.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TheGuardian.com&rft.atitle=Qatar+government+admits+almost+1%2C000+fatalities+among+migrants&rft.date=2014-05-14&rft.au=Owen+Gibson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2014%2Fmay%2F14%2Fqatar-admits-deaths-in-migrant-workers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-unions-67">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-unions_67-0">67.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-unions_67-1">67.1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/05/01/211482.html">"Qatar to allow trade union, scrap 'sponsor' system"</a>. Al Arabiya. May 1, 2012. Retrieved March 12, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Qatar+to+allow+trade+union%2C+scrap+%27sponsor%27+system&rft.pub=Al+Arabiya&rft.date=2012-05-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alarabiya.net%2Farticles%2F2012%2F05%2F01%2F211482.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFWilson2014" class="citation web cs1">Wilson, Nigel (July 21, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/qatar-announces-new-labour-law-reforms-amid-workers-rights-outcry-1457587">"Qatar Announces New Labour Law Reforms Amid Workers' Rights Outcry"</a>. International Business Times. Retrieved March 12, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Business+Times&rft.atitle=Qatar+Announces+New+Labour+Law+Reforms+Amid+Workers%27+Rights+Outcry&rft.date=2014-07-21&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Nigel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibtimes.co.uk%2Fqatar-announces-new-labour-law-reforms-amid-workers-rights-outcry-1457587&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><a href="#cite_ref-69">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFWalker2015" class="citation web cs1">Walker, Lesley (January 15, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dohanews.co/firms-qatar-fail-pay-workers-time-face-suspensions">"Firms in Qatar who fail to pay workers on time could face suspensions"</a>. Doha News. Retrieved March 12, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Firms+in+Qatar+who+fail+to+pay+workers+on+time+could+face+suspensions&rft.pub=Doha+News&rft.date=2015-01-15&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=Lesley&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdohanews.co%2Ffirms-qatar-fail-pay-workers-time-face-suspensions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFPeter_Kovessy2015" class="citation web cs1">Peter Kovessy (October 27, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dohanews.co/qatars-emir-approves-kafala-reforms-changes-more-than-one-year-away">"Qatar's Emir signs into law kafala changes (updated)"</a>. Doha News.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Qatar%27s+Emir+signs+into+law+kafala+changes+%28updated%29&rft.pub=Doha+News&rft.date=2015-10-27&rft.au=Peter+Kovessy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdohanews.co%2Fqatars-emir-approves-kafala-reforms-changes-more-than-one-year-away&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170128160938/https://www.rt.com/uk/324148-qatar-fifa-word-cup/">"Qatar's inaction on labor reform a 'human rights disaster', Amnesty"</a>. RT. Russia Today. December 1, 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rt.com/uk/324148-qatar-fifa-word-cup/">the original</a> on January 28, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RT&rft.atitle=Qatar%27s+inaction+on+labor+reform+a+%27human+rights+disaster%27%2C+Amnesty&rft.date=2015-12-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rt.com%2Fuk%2F324148-qatar-fifa-word-cup%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><a href="#cite_ref-72">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hrw.org/news/2015/11/08/qatar-new-reforms-wont-protect-migrant-workers">"Qatar: New reforms Won't Protect Migrant Workers"</a>. Human Rights Watch. November 8, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Qatar%3A+New+reforms+Won%27t+Protect+Migrant+Workers&rft.pub=Human+Rights+Watch&rft.date=2015-11-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hrw.org%2Fnews%2F2015%2F11%2F08%2Fqatar-new-reforms-wont-protect-migrant-workers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><a href="#cite_ref-73">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFChris_Arsenault2015" class="citation web cs1">Chris Arsenault (October 28, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mobile.reuters.com/article/idUSL8N12S5MU20151028">"Qatar complicit in 'modern slavery' despite reforms – unions"</a>. Reuters.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Qatar+complicit+in+%27modern+slavery%27+despite+reforms+%E2%80%93+unions&rft.pub=Reuters&rft.date=2015-10-28&rft.au=Chris+Arsenault&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmobile.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FidUSL8N12S5MU20151028&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><a href="#cite_ref-74">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFMiles2005" class="citation book cs1">Miles, Hugh (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/06/books/chapters/0306-1st-miles.html?pagewanted=all&position=">Al-Jazeera</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Al-Jazeera&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Miles&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2005%2F03%2F06%2Fbooks%2Fchapters%2F0306-1st-miles.html%3Fpagewanted%3Dall%26position%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: <code class="cs1-code">|newspaper=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Boghardt-75">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Boghardt_75-0">75.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boghardt_75-1">75.1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFBoghardt2014" class="citation magazine cs1">Boghardt, Lori Plotkin (October 6, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newrepublic.com/article/119705/why-does-qatar-support-known-terrorists">"Qatar Is a U.S. Ally. They Also Knowingly Abet Terrorism. What's Going On?"</a>. New Republic. Retrieved October 7, 2014. <q>Two overarching goals have driven Qatari policy. One has been to maximize Qatar's influence on the regional and international stage. This originally reflected the personal ambition of the former ruler and current emir's father, Shaykh Hamad bin Khalifa al Thani, and his foreign minister and eventually prime minister, Shaikh Hamad bin Jassim al Thani. The two men directed foreign policy until the father abdicated in favor of his son, Emir Tamim bin Hamad al Thani, in July 2013. The second objective has been to preserve the security of the ruling family and state.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Republic&rft.atitle=Qatar+Is+a+U.S.+Ally.+They+Also+Knowingly+Abet+Terrorism.+What%27s+Going+On%3F&rft.date=2014-10-06&rft.aulast=Boghardt&rft.aufirst=Lori+Plotkin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewrepublic.com%2Farticle%2F119705%2Fwhy-does-qatar-support-known-terrorists&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><a href="#cite_ref-76">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFRahman2005" class="citation book cs1">Rahman, Habibur (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LEWE5X2pmS4C">The Emergence of Qatar</a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7103-1213-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7103-1213-6"><bdi>978-0-7103-1213-6</bdi></a>. Retrieved June 26, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Emergence+of+Qatar&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-7103-1213-6&rft.aulast=Rahman&rft.aufirst=Habibur&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLEWE5X2pmS4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/3240a66a-c756-11df-aeb1-00144feab49a.html">"Qatar relies on US base amid Gulf tensions"</a>. Financial Times. FT.com. 24 September 2010. Retrieved June 16, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=Qatar+relies+on+US+base+amid+Gulf+tensions&rft.date=2010-09-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcms%2Fs%2F0%2F3240a66a-c756-11df-aeb1-00144feab49a.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFZacharia2008" class="citation news cs1">Zacharia, Janine (March 4, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/04/world/africa/04iht-letter5.1.10686376.html">"For Qatar, relations with West are a balancing act"</a>. New York Times. Retrieved January 30, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=For+Qatar%2C+relations+with+West+are+a+balancing+act&rft.date=2008-03-04&rft.aulast=Zacharia&rft.aufirst=Janine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2008%2F03%2F04%2Fworld%2Fafrica%2F04iht-letter5.1.10686376.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-NRPpunch-79"><a href="#cite_ref-NRPpunch_79-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFSiegel2013" class="citation news cs1">Siegel, Robert (December 23, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2013/12/20/255748469/how-tiny-qatar-punches-above-its-weight">"How Tiny Qatar 'Punches Above Its Weight'"</a>. NPR. Retrieved June 5, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=How+Tiny+Qatar+%27Punches+Above+Its+Weight%27&rft.date=2013-12-23&rft.aulast=Siegel&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2Fsections%2Fparallels%2F2013%2F12%2F20%2F255748469%2Fhow-tiny-qatar-punches-above-its-weight&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt20130630-80">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-nyt20130630_80-0">80.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt20130630_80-1">80.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt20130630_80-2">80.2</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyt20130630_80-3">80.3</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFMark_MazzettiC.J._ChiversEric_Schmitt2013" class="citation news cs1">Mark Mazzetti; C.J. Chivers; Eric Schmitt (June 30, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/30/world/middleeast/sending-missiles-to-syrian-rebels-qatar-muscles-in.html">"Taking Outsize Role in Syria, Qatar Funnels Arms to Rebels"</a>. New York Times. Retrieved January 21, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Taking+Outsize+Role+in+Syria%2C+Qatar+Funnels+Arms+to+Rebels&rft.date=2013-06-30&rft.au=Mark+Mazzetti&rft.au=C.J.+Chivers&rft.au=Eric+Schmitt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F06%2F30%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fsending-missiles-to-syrian-rebels-qatar-muscles-in.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><a href="#cite_ref-81">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tehrantimes.com/index_View.asp?code=214868">"Qatar and Saudi Arabia sign defense agreement"</a>. Tehrantimes.com. February 25, 2010. Retrieved October 2, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Qatar+and+Saudi+Arabia+sign+defense+agreement&rft.pub=Tehrantimes.com&rft.date=2010-02-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tehrantimes.com%2Findex_View.asp%3Fcode%3D214868&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><a href="#cite_ref-82">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.aljazeera.net/news/middleeast/2011/03/201132814450241767.html">"Qatar recognizes Libyan rebels after oil deal"</a>. Al Jazeera. March 28, 2011. Retrieved March 29, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Qatar+recognizes+Libyan+rebels+after+oil+deal&rft.date=2011-03-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.aljazeera.net%2Fnews%2Fmiddleeast%2F2011%2F03%2F201132814450241767.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><a href="#cite_ref-83">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFKirkpatrick2014" class="citation news cs1">Kirkpatrick, David D. (September 7, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/09/08/world/middleeast/qatars-support-of-extremists-alienates-allies-near-and-far.html?_r=0">"Qatar's Support of Islamists Alienates Allies Near and Far"</a>. The New York Times. Retrieved June 5, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Qatar%27s+Support+of+Islamists+Alienates+Allies+Near+and+Far&rft.date=2014-09-07&rft.aulast=Kirkpatrick&rft.aufirst=David+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2014%2F09%2F08%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fqatars-support-of-extremists-alienates-allies-near-and-far.html%3F_r%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Islam_Hassan-84">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Islam_Hassan_84-0">84.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Islam_Hassan_84-1">84.1</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Islam_Hassan_84-2">84.2</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFIslam_Hassan2015" class="citation journal cs1">Islam Hassan (March 31, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/12696782">"GCC's 2014 Crisis: Causes, Issues, and Solutions"</a>. Gulf Cooperation Council's Challenges and Prospects. Al Jazeera Research Center. Retrieved June 4, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gulf+Cooperation+Council%27s+Challenges+and+Prospects&rft.atitle=GCC%27s+2014+Crisis%3A+Causes%2C+Issues%2C+and+Solutions&rft.date=2015-03-31&rft.au=Islam+Hassan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F12696782&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><a href="#cite_ref-85">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141116222743/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/11/16/us-gulf-summit-ambassadors-idUSKCN0J00Y420141116">"Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Bahrain end rift with Qatar, return ambassadors"</a>. Reuters. November 16, 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/2014/11/16/us-gulf-summit-ambassadors-idUSKCN0J00Y420141116">the original</a> on November 16, 2014. Retrieved November 16, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Saudi+Arabia%2C+UAE%2C+and+Bahrain+end+rift+with+Qatar%2C+return+ambassadors&rft.pub=Reuters&rft.date=2014-11-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2014%2F11%2F16%2Fus-gulf-summit-ambassadors-idUSKCN0J00Y420141116&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><a href="#cite_ref-86">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFJay_Solomon2014" class="citation cs2">Jay Solomon (October 10, 2014), U.S.-Qatar Alliance Strains Coalition Against Islamic State, Wall Street Journal</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=U.S.-Qatar+Alliance+Strains+Coalition+Against+Islamic+State&rft.pub=Wall+Street+Journal&rft.date=2014-10-10&rft.au=Jay+Solomon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ISIS-87">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-ISIS_87-0">87.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ISIS_87-1">87.1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Defterios2014" class="citation news cs1">John Defterios (October 27, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2014/10/27/business/isis-wealthiest-terror-group-defterios/index.htmlpublisher=">CNN "ISIS: Can coalition cut off funding of world's wealthiest terror group?"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=ISIS%3A+Can+coalition+cut+off+funding+of+world%27s+wealthiest+terror+group%3F&rft.date=2014-10-27&rft.au=John+Defterios&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2014%2F10%2F27%2Fbusiness%2Fisis-wealthiest-terror-group-defterios%2Findex.htmlpublisher%3D%27%27CNN%27%27&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.yahoo.com/army-conquest-rebel-alliance-pressures-syria-regime-090529121.html">'Army of Conquest' rebel alliance pressures Syria regime</a>". Yahoo News. April 28, 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><a href="#cite_ref-89">↑</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/News/12392/21/Gulf-allies-and-%E2%80%98Army-of-Conquest%E2%80%99.aspx">Gulf allies and 'Army of Conquest'</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180712044423/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/News/12392/21/Gulf-allies-and-%E2%80%98Army-of-Conquest%E2%80%99.aspx">Archived</a> 2018-07-12 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>". <a href="/w/index.php?title=Al-Ahram_Weekly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Al-Ahram Weekly (not yet started)">Al-Ahram Weekly</a>. May 28, 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFKim_Sengupta2015" class="citation news cs1">Kim Sengupta (May 12, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150513214636/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/syria-crisis-turkey-and-saudi-arabia-shock-western-countries-by-supporting-antiassad-jihadists-10242747.html">"Turkey and Saudi Arabia alarm the West by backing Islamist extremists the Americans had bombed in Syria"</a>. The Independent. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/syria-crisis-turkey-and-saudi-arabia-shock-western-countries-by-supporting-antiassad-jihadists-10242747.html">the original</a> on May 13, 2015. Retrieved August 31, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Turkey+and+Saudi+Arabia+alarm+the+West+by+backing+Islamist+extremists+the+Americans+had+bombed+in+Syria&rft.date=2015-05-12&rft.au=Kim+Sengupta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Fsyria-crisis-turkey-and-saudi-arabia-shock-western-countries-by-supporting-antiassad-jihadists-10242747.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><a href="#cite_ref-91">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFThe_Daily_Beast2013" class="citation news cs1">The Daily Beast (11 April 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/04/11/qatar-sends-aid-money-to-help-egypt.html">"Qatar Sends Aid Money to Help Egypt"</a>. The Daily Beast. TheDailyBeast.com. Retrieved November 4, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Beast&rft.atitle=Qatar+Sends+Aid+Money+to+Help+Egypt&rft.date=2013-04-11&rft.au=The+Daily+Beast&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedailybeast.com%2Farticles%2F2013%2F04%2F11%2Fqatar-sends-aid-money-to-help-egypt.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FP-92"><a href="#cite_ref-FP_92-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2011/02/09/the-al-jazeera-effect-2">"The Al-Jazeera Effect"</a>. Foreign Policy. February 9, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Al-Jazeera+Effect&rft.pub=Foreign+Policy&rft.date=2011-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforeignpolicy.com%2F2011%2F02%2F09%2Fthe-al-jazeera-effect-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.voanews.com/content/egypt-returns-two-billion-dollars-to-qatar-tension/1753280.html">"Egypt Returns $2 Billion to Qatar in Sign of Growing Tensions"</a>. Voanews.com. Reuters. Retrieved December 30, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Egypt+Returns+%242+Billion+to+Qatar+in+Sign+of+Growing+Tensions&rft.pub=Voanews.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.voanews.com%2Fcontent%2Fegypt-returns-two-billion-dollars-to-qatar-tension%2F1753280.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbchamas-94"><a href="#cite_ref-bbchamas_94-0">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-17192278">bbc.com: "Hamas political leaders leave Syria for Egypt and Qatar"</a>, February 28, 2012 </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.algemeiner.com/2014/07/28/gaza-conflict-spotlights-role-of-qatar-the-hamas-funding-u-s-ally/">"Gaza conflict spotlights role of Qatar, the Hamas-funding U.S. ally"</a>. July 28, 2014. Retrieved July 30, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gaza+conflict+spotlights+role+of+Qatar%2C+the+Hamas-funding+U.S.+ally&rft.date=2014-07-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.algemeiner.com%2F2014%2F07%2F28%2Fgaza-conflict-spotlights-role-of-qatar-the-hamas-funding-u-s-ally%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><a href="#cite_ref-96">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160407215427/http://www.mofa.gov.qa/en/SiteServices/MediaCenter/News/Pages/News20140801131459.aspx">"Al Attiyah to CNN: Israel doesn't want peace"</a>. July 28, 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mofa.gov.qa/en/SiteServices/MediaCenter/News/Pages/News20140801131459.aspx">the original</a> on April 7, 2016. Retrieved October 26, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Al+Attiyah+to+CNN%3A+Israel+doesn%27t+want+peace&rft.date=2014-07-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mofa.gov.qa%2Fen%2FSiteServices%2FMediaCenter%2FNews%2FPages%2FNews20140801131459.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141027081826/http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/10/12/us-gaza-egypt-conference-qatar-idUSKCN0I10HF20141012/">"Qatar pledges $1 billion for Gaza rebuilding at Cairo conference"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. October 12, 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/2014/10/12/us-gaza-egypt-conference-qatar-idUSKCN0I10HF20141012/">the original</a> on October 27, 2014. Retrieved October 26, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Qatar+pledges+%241+billion+for+Gaza+rebuilding+at+Cairo+conference&rft.date=2014-10-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2F2014%2F10%2F12%2Fus-gaza-egypt-conference-qatar-idUSKCN0I10HF20141012%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141230090351/http://enrichingthefuture2012.qatarconferences.org/previous_conferences.php">"Enriching the Middle East's Economic Future Conferences"</a>. Qatar Conferences. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://enrichingthefuture2012.qatarconferences.org/previous_conferences.php">the original</a> on December 30, 2014. Retrieved March 12, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Enriching+the+Middle+East%27s+Economic+Future+Conferences&rft.pub=Qatar+Conferences&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenrichingthefuture2012.qatarconferences.org%2Fprevious_conferences.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131014003357/http://www.qatarchronicle.com/world/africa/30423/sudan-minister-lauds-doha-declaration-for-initiating-darfur-peace-process/">"Sudan Minister Lauds Doha Declaration For Initiating Darfur Peace Process"</a>. Qatar Chronicle. June 9, 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qatarchronicle.com/world/africa/30423/sudan-minister-lauds-doha-declaration-for-initiating-darfur-peace-process/">the original</a> on October 14, 2013. Retrieved June 22, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Qatar+Chronicle&rft.atitle=Sudan+Minister+Lauds+Doha+Declaration+For+Initiating+Darfur+Peace+Process&rft.date=2013-06-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.qatarchronicle.com%2Fworld%2Fafrica%2F30423%2Fsudan-minister-lauds-doha-declaration-for-initiating-darfur-peace-process%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141026220814/http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/presscenter/pressreleases/2014/09/21/qatar-donates-88-5-million-for-darfur/">"Qatar donates $88.5 Million for Darfur"</a>. September 24, 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/presscenter/pressreleases/2014/09/21/qatar-donates-88-5-million-for-darfur/">the original</a> on October 26, 2014. Retrieved September 21, 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Qatar+donates+%2488.5+Million+for+Darfur&rft.date=2014-09-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.undp.org%2Fcontent%2Fundp%2Fen%2Fhome%2Fpresscenter%2Fpressreleases%2F2014%2F09%2F21%2Fqatar-donates-88-5-million-for-darfur%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160123190846/http://milexdata.sipri.org/">"The SIPRI Military Expenditure Database"</a>. Stockholm International Peace Research Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://milexdata.sipri.org">the original</a> on January 23, 2016. Retrieved October 29, 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+SIPRI+Military+Expenditure+Database&rft.pub=Stockholm+International+Peace+Research+Institute&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmilexdata.sipri.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-strangepow-102">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-strangepow_102-0">102.0</a> <a href="#cite_ref-strangepow_102-1">102.1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFEakin" class="citation magazine cs1">Eakin, Hugh. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2011/oct/27/strange-power-qatar/?pagination=false">"The Strange Power of Qatar by Hugh Eakin"</a>. The New York Review of Books. Retrieved June 16, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=The+Strange+Power+of+Qatar+by+Hugh+Eakin&rft.aulast=Eakin&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nybooks.com%2Farticles%2Farchives%2F2011%2Foct%2F27%2Fstrange-power-qatar%2F%3Fpagination%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_magazine" title="Template:Cite magazine">cite magazine</a>}}</code>: Cite magazine requires <code class="cs1-code">|magazine=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="SIPRI_Fact_Sheet,_March_2015" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150319023856/http://books.sipri.org/product_info?c_product_id=495">"Trends in International Arms Transfer, 2014"</a>. www.sipri.org. 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December 3, 2015. </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/648BEr4aA?url=http://www.baladiya.gov.qa/cui/view.dox?id=585">"Qatar Municipalities"</a>. Qatar Ministry of Municipality and Urban Planning. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baladiya.gov.qa/cui/view.dox?id=585&siteID=2">the original</a> on December 22, 2011. Retrieved December 3, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Qatar+Municipalities&rft.pub=Qatar+Ministry+of+Municipality+and+Urban+Planning&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baladiya.gov.qa%2Fcui%2Fview.dox%3Fid%3D585%26siteID%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-admdiv-106"><a href="#cite_ref-admdiv_106-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121028225608/http://qsa.gov.qa/eng/publication/pdf-file/Social/Population_Households_Establishment_QSA_Census_AE_2010.pdf">"Administrative Division of the State"</a> (PDF). The General Census of Population and Housing, and Establishment Apr 2010. State of Qatar Statistics Authority. p. 25. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qsa.gov.qa/eng/publication/pdf-file/Social/Population_Households_Establishment_QSA_Census_AE_2010.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 2012-10-28. Retrieved 2016-12-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+General+Census+of+Population+and+Housing%2C+and+Establishment+Apr+2010&rft.atitle=Administrative+Division+of+the+State&rft.pages=25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.qsa.gov.qa%2Feng%2Fpublication%2Fpdf-file%2FSocial%2FPopulation_Households_Establishment_QSA_Census_AE_2010.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061212202517/http://www.planning.gov.qa/Qatar-Census-2004/pubulation-eng/Tabels/Pubulation/T02.htm">"Population By Gender, Municipality And Zone, March 2004"</a>. General Secretariat for Development Planning. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.planning.gov.qa/Qatar-Census-2004/pubulation-eng/Tabels/Pubulation/T02.htm">the original</a> on December 12, 2006.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+By+Gender%2C+Municipality+And+Zone%2C+March+2004&rft.pub=General+Secretariat+for+Development+Planning&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.planning.gov.qa%2FQatar-Census-2004%2Fpubulation-eng%2FTabels%2FPubulation%2FT02.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-qatarembassy-108"><a href="#cite_ref-qatarembassy_108-0">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100612090451/http://qatarembassy.net/council.asp">"Council of Ministers"</a>. Embassy of the State of Qatar in Washington DC. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.qatarembassy.net/council.asp">the original</a> on June 12, 2010. Retrieved March 4, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Council+of+Ministers&rft.pub=Embassy+of+the+State+of+Qatar+in+Washington+DC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.qatarembassy.net%2Fcouncil.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181122162153/http://priyadsouza.com/population-of-qatar-by-nationality-in-2017/">"Population of Qatar by nationality - 2017 report"</a>. priyadsouza.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://priyadsouza.com/population-of-qatar-by-nationality-in-2017/">the original</a> on November 22, 2018. Retrieved February 8, 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+of+Qatar+by+nationality+-+2017+report&rft.pub=priyadsouza.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpriyadsouza.com%2Fpopulation-of-qatar-by-nationality-in-2017%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">↑</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFPaul_Radford2010" class="citation news cs1">Paul Radford (December 2, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110914094810/http://af.reuters.com/article/sportsNews/idAFJOE6B10FA20101202">"Russia, Qatar win 2018 and 2022 World Cups"</a>. Reuters. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://af.reuters.com/article/sportsNews/idAFJOE6B10FA20101202">the original</a> on September 14, 2011. Retrieved December 2, 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Russia%2C+Qatar+win+2018+and+2022+World+Cups&rft.date=2010-12-02&rft.au=Paul+Radford&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faf.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FsportsNews%2FidAFJOE6B10FA20101202&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AQatar" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">↑</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.letour.fr/us/homepage_courseTQA.html">The homepage of Tour of Qatar</a>. Letour.fr (December 1, 1994). Retrieved on 2012-05-30. </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_websites">Other websites</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Change section: Other websites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">change</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qatar&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Other websites">change source</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9671870">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Qatar" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Qatar">Qatar</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diwan.gov.qa/">Amiri Diwan</a> official government website</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/qatar">"Qatar"</a>. 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.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_territories_of_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Countries_and_territories_of_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Country" title="Country">Countries</a> and territories of <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>2  · <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>1  · <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>  · <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="People's Republic of China">China (PRC)</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>2  · <a href="/wiki/East_Timor" title="East Timor">East Timor</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Gaza_Strip" title="Gaza Strip">Gaza Strip</a>5  · <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>1  · <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>3  · <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a>1  · <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Macau" title="Macau">Macau</a>3  · <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>  · <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>  · <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Qatar</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>1  · <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>  · <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Taiwan (ROC)</a>4  · <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>1  · <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a>  · <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a>  · <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>  · <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a>5  · <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>1. Includes territory in both <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>. 2. Usually thought of <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> for <a href="/wiki/Culture" title="Culture">cultural</a>, <a href="/wiki/Politics" title="Politics">political</a> and <a href="/wiki/History" title="History">historical</a> reasons. 3. Special territories. 4. Disputed territories. 5. Claimed by the <a href="/wiki/State_of_Palestine" title="State of Palestine">State of Palestine</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9122492"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Middle_East" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9122447">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> • <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a> • <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> • <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> • <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> • <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> • <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a> • <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Northern_Cyprus" title="Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a> 1 • <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Qatar</a> • <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> • <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> • <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> • '<a href="/wiki/Palestine" class="mw-disambig" title="Palestine">State of Palestine</a> 2 • <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:transparent;"><a href="/wiki/Greater_Middle_East" title="Greater Middle East">Greater Middle East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a> • <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Djibouti" title="Djibouti">Djibouti</a> • <a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a> • <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kashmir" title="Kashmir">Kashmir</a> 3 • <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a> • <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a> • <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> • <a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara" title="Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a> (Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic) 4 </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>1 Only recognized by Turkey; see <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyprus_dispute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyprus dispute (not yet started)">Cyprus dispute</a>. 2 Self-ruled <a href="/wiki/Palestine" class="mw-disambig" title="Palestine">Palestine</a>3 Disputed territories. 4 Status disputed with <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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