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/> returns results containing <i><strong>apples</strong></i> but not <i><strong>red</strong></i>:<br /> <i>Malic acid in green <strong>apples</strong></i><br /> </p> </div> </div> <div class="modal " id="templateSearchResultModal" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="Search results" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-lg modal-dialog-centered"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header modal-header--sticky shadow one-column d-block"> <div class="row no-gutters mx-1"> <div class="col mr-3"> <h1 class="" id="resultsSearchHeader"><span id="templateSearchResultNr"></span> hit<span id="templateSearchResultNrPlural">s</span> for <span id="templateSearchResultTerm"></span></h1> </div> <div class="col-auto"> <a id="scrolltopmodal" href="javascript:void(0)" onclick="scrollModalTop();" style="display: none;"><i class="co-home"></i></a> </div> <div class="col-auto"> <button data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close" class="btn btn-danger mt-1">Close</button> </div> </div> </div> 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Please try again later.</div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div class="modal " id="templateSearchLoadingModal" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="Search results" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog modal-sm modal-dialog-centered"> <div class="modal-content p-3 co_LoadingDotsContainer"> <div class="modal-body"> <div class="text">Searching</div> <div class="dots d-flex justify-content-center"><div class="dot"></div><div class="dot"></div><div class="dot"></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <style> /*.modal {*/ /* background: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.8);*/ /*}*/ .modal-header--sticky { position: sticky; top: 0; background-color: inherit; z-index: 1055; } .grid-container { margin-bottom: 1em; /*padding-left: 0;*/ /*padding-right: 0;*/ } #templateSearchInfo{ display: none; background-color: var(--background-color-primary); margin-top: 1px; z-index: 5; border: 1px solid var(--color-primary); opacity: .8; font-size: .7rem; border-radius: .25rem; } #templateSearchLoadingModal .co_LoadingDotsContainer { z-index: 1000; } #templateSearchLoadingModal .co_LoadingDotsContainer .text { text-align: center; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1rem; } #templateSearchLoadingModal .co_LoadingDotsContainer .dot { background-color: #0072BC; border: 2px solid white; border-radius: 50%; float: left; height: 2rem; width: 2rem; margin: 0 5px; -webkit-transform: scale(0); transform: scale(0); -webkit-animation: animation_dots_breath 1000ms ease infinite 0ms; animation: animation_dots_breath 1000ms ease infinite 0ms; } #templateSearchLoadingModal .co_LoadingDotsContainer .dot:nth-child(2) { -webkit-animation: animation_dots_breath 1000ms ease infinite 300ms; animation: animation_dots_breath 1000ms ease infinite 300ms; } #templateSearchLoadingModal .co_LoadingDotsContainer .dot:nth-child(3) { -webkit-animation: animation_dots_breath 1000ms ease infinite 600ms; animation: animation_dots_breath 1000ms ease infinite 600ms; } #templateSearchResultModal [class*="grid-"] { padding-left: 10px !important; padding-right: 10px !important; } #templateSearchResultTerm { font-weight: bold; } #resultsSearchHeader { display: block !important; } #scrolltopmodal { font-size: 3.0em; margin-top: 0 !important; margin-right: 15px; } @-webkit-keyframes animation_dots_breath { 50% { -webkit-transform: scale(1); transform: scale(1); opacity: 1; } 100% { opacity: 0; } } @keyframes animation_dots_breath { 50% { -webkit-transform: scale(1); transform: scale(1); opacity: 1; } 100% { opacity: 0; } } @media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 991px) { #templateSearchResultModal .modal-dialog { max-width: 90%; } } </style> <script> if(document.querySelector('meta[name="global_moBaseURL"]').content == "https://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/") FINDER_URL = document.querySelector('meta[name="global_moBaseURL"]').content.replace('meetingorganizer', 'finder-app')+"search/library.php"; else FINDER_URL = document.querySelector('meta[name="global_moBaseURL"]').content.replace('meetingorganizer', 'finder')+"search/library.php"; SEARCH_INPUT = document.getElementById('search_query_solr'); SEARCH_INPUT_MODAL = document.getElementById('search_query_modal'); searchRunning = false; offset = 20; INITIAL_OFFSET = 20; var MutationObserver = window.MutationObserver || window.WebKitMutationObserver || window.MozMutationObserver; const targetNodeSearchModal = document.getElementById("templateSearchResultModal"); const configSearchModal = { attributes: true, childList: true, subtree: true }; // Callback function to execute when mutations are observed const callbackSearchModal = (mutationList, observer) => { for (const mutation of mutationList) { if (mutation.type === "childList") { // console.log("A child node has been added or removed."); picturesGallery(); } else if (mutation.type === "attributes") { // console.log(`The ${mutation.attributeName} attribute was modified.`); } } }; // Create an observer instance linked to the callback function const observer = new MutationObserver(callbackSearchModal); // Start observing the target node for configured mutations observer.observe(targetNodeSearchModal, configSearchModal); function _addEventListener() { document.getElementById('search_query_solr').addEventListener('keypress', (e) => { if (e.key === 'Enter') _runSearch(); }); document.getElementById('start_site_search_solr').addEventListener('click', (e) => { _runSearch(); e.stopPropagation(); e.stopImmediatePropagation(); return false; }); $('#templateSearchResultModal').scroll(function() { if ($(this).scrollTop()) { $('#scrolltopmodal:hidden').stop(true, true).fadeIn().css("display","inline-block"); } else { $('#scrolltopmodal').stop(true, true).fadeOut(); } }); } function scrollModalTop() { $('#templateSearchResultModal').animate({ scrollTop: 0 }, 'slow'); // $('#templateSearchResultModal').scrollTop(0); } function picturesGallery() { $('body').off('click', '.paperlist-avatar img'); $('body').off('click', '#templateSearchResultContainer .paperlist-avatar img'); searchPaperListAvatar = []; searchPaperListAvatarThumb = []; search_pswpElement = document.querySelectorAll('.pswp')[0]; if (typeof search_gallery != "undefined") { search_gallery = null; } $('body').on('click', '#templateSearchResultContainer .paperlist-avatar img', function (e) { if(searchPaperListAvatarThumb.length === 0 && searchPaperListAvatar.length === 0) { $('#templateSearchResultContainer .paperlist-avatar img').each(function () { var webversion = $(this).attr('data-web'); var width = $(this).attr('data-width'); var height = $(this).attr('data-height'); var caption = $(this).attr('data-caption'); var figure = { src: webversion, w: width, h: height, title: caption }; searchPaperListAvatarThumb.push($(this)[0]); searchPaperListAvatar.push(figure); }); } var target = $(this); var index = $('#templateSearchResultContainer .paperlist-avatar img').index(target); var options = { showHideOpacity:false, bgOpacity:0.8, index:index, spacing:0.15, history: false, focus:false, getThumbBoundsFn: function(index) { var thumbnail = searchPaperListAvatarThumb[index]; var pageYScroll = window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop; var rect = thumbnail.getBoundingClientRect(); return {x:rect.left, y:rect.top + pageYScroll, w:rect.width}; } }; search_gallery = new PhotoSwipe( search_pswpElement, PhotoSwipeUI_Default,[searchPaperListAvatar[index]],options); search_gallery.init(); }); } function showError(code, msg) { console.error(code, msg); $("#templateSearchLoadingModal").modal("hide"); switch(code) { case -3: // http request fail case -2: // invalid MO response case 4: // CORS case 1: // project $("#templateSearchErrorModal1").modal({}); break; case -1: // timeout $("#templateSearchErrorModal2").modal({}); break; case 2: // empty term $("#templateSearchErrorModal3").modal({}); break; case 3: // DOS $("#templateSearchErrorModal4").modal({}); break; default: $("#templateSearchErrorModal1").modal({}); break; } } function clearForm() { var myFormElement = document.getElementById("library-filters") var elements = myFormElement.elements; $(".form-check-input").prop('checked', false).change().parent().removeClass('active'); for(i=0; i<elements.length; i++) { field_type = elements[i].type.toLowerCase(); switch(field_type) { case "text": case "password": case "textarea": case "hidden": elements[i].value = ""; break; case "radio": case "checkbox": if (elements[i].checked) { elements[i].checked = false; } break; case "select-one": case "select-multi": elements[i].selectedIndex = -1; break; default: break; } } } function generateShowMoreButton(offset, term) { var code = '<button aria-label="ShowMore" id="showMore" class="btn btn-success float-right mr-2" data-offset="' + offset + '">Show more</button>'; return code; } function hideModal(id) { $("#"+id).modal('hide'); } function showModal(id) { $("#"+id).modal({}); } function prepareForPhotoSwipe() { searchPaperListAvatar = []; searchPaperListAvatarThumb = []; search_pswpElement = document.querySelectorAll('.pswp')[0]; } function _sendAjax(projectID, term) { let httpRequest = new XMLHttpRequest(); if(searchRunning) { console.log("Search running"); return; } if (!httpRequest) { console.error("Giving up :( Cannot create an XMLHTTP instance"); showError(-1); return false; } // httpRequest.timeout = 20000; // time in milliseconds httpRequest.withCredentials = false; httpRequest.ontimeout = (e) => { showError(-1, "result timeout"); searchRunning = false; }; httpRequest.onreadystatechange = function() { if (httpRequest.readyState === XMLHttpRequest.DONE) { searchRunning = false; if (httpRequest.status === 200) { let rs = JSON.parse(httpRequest.responseText); if(rs) { if(rs.isError) { showError(rs.errorCode, rs.errorMessage); } else { let html = rs.resultHTMLs; $("#modal_search_query").val(rs.term); $("#templateSearchResultTerm").html(rs.term); $("#templateSearchResultNr").html(rs.resultsNr); $("#templateRefineSearch").html(rs.filter); if(rs.filter == false) { console.log('filter empty'); $("#refineSearchModal").removeClass('d-block').addClass('d-none'); } if(rs.resultsNr==1) $("#templateSearchResultNrPlural").hide(); else $("#templateSearchResultNrPlural").show(); if(rs.resultsNr==0) { hideModal('templateSearchLoadingModal'); $("#templateSearchResultContainer").html(""); $("#templateSearchResultContainerEmpty").removeClass("d-none"); showModal('templateSearchResultModal'); } else { if((rs.resultsNr - offset)>0) { html = html + generateShowMoreButton(offset, term); } $("#templateSearchResultContainerEmpty").addClass("d-none"); if( offset == INITIAL_OFFSET) { hideModal('templateSearchLoadingModal'); $("#templateSearchResultContainer").html(html); showModal('templateSearchResultModal'); } else { $('#showMore').remove(); startHtml = $("#templateSearchResultContainer").html(); $("#templateSearchResultContainer").html(startHtml + html); } // prepareForPhotoSwipe(); } } } else { showError(-2, "invalid result"); } } else { showError(-3, "There was a problem with the request."); } } }; if(offset == INITIAL_OFFSET) { hideModal('templateSearchResultModal'); showModal('templateSearchLoadingModal'); } httpRequest.open("GET", FINDER_URL+"?project="+projectID+"&term="+encodeURI(term)+((offset>INITIAL_OFFSET)?("&offset="+(offset-INITIAL_OFFSET)) : "")); httpRequest.send(); searchRunning = true; } function _runSearch() { var projectID = document.querySelector('meta[name="global_projectID"]').content; var term = _searchTrimInput(SEARCH_INPUT.value); if(term.length > 0) { _sendAjax(projectID, term); } else { showError(2, 'Empty search term') } } function _searchTrimInput(str) { return str.replace(/^\s+|\s+$/gm, ''); } function run() { _addEventListener(); $('#templateSearchInfoBtn, #modalSearchInfoBtn').popover({ sanitize: false, html: true, content: $("#templateSearchInfo").html(), placement: "bottom", template: '<div class="popover" role="tooltip"><div class="arrow"></div><button class="m-1 float-right btn btn-sm btn-danger" id="templateSearchInfoClose"><i class="fas fa-times-circle"></i></button><h3 class="popover-header"></h3><div class="popover-body"></div></div>', title: "Search tips", }); $(document).click(function (e) { let t = $(e.target); let a = t && t.attr("data-toggle")!=="popover" && t.parent().attr("data-toggle")!=="popover"; let b = t && $(".popover").has(t).length===0; if(a && b) { $('#templateSearchInfoBtn').popover('hide'); $('#modalSearchInfoBtn').popover('hide'); } }); $('#templateSearchInfoBtn').on('shown.bs.popover', function () { $("#templateSearchInfoClose").click(function(e){ $('#templateSearchInfoBtn').popover('hide'); e.stopPropagation(); e.stopImmediatePropagation(); return false; }); }) $('#templateSearchResultModal').on('hidden.bs.modal', function(e) { $('body').off('click', '#templateSearchResultContainer .paperlist-avatar img'); var pswpElement = document.querySelectorAll('.pswp')[0]; var gallery = null; var paperListAvatar = []; var paperListAvatarThumb = []; $('.paperlist-avatar img').each(function(){ var webversion = $(this).attr('data-web'); var width = $(this).attr('data-width'); var height = $(this).attr('data-height'); var caption =$(this).attr('data-caption'); var figure = { src:webversion, w:width, h:height, title:caption }; paperListAvatarThumb.push($(this)[0]); paperListAvatar.push(figure); }); $('body').on('click', '.paperlist-avatar img', function (e) { if(paperListAvatarThumb.length === 0 && paperListAvatar.length === 0){ $('.paperlist-avatar img').each(function(){ var webversion = $(this).attr('data-web'); var width = $(this).attr('data-width'); var height = $(this).attr('data-height'); var caption =$(this).attr('data-caption'); var figure = { src:webversion, w:width, h:height, title:caption }; paperListAvatarThumb.push($(this)[0]); paperListAvatar.push(figure); }); } var target = $(this); var index = $('.paperlist-avatar img').index(target); var options = { showHideOpacity:true, bgOpacity:0.8, index:index, spacing:0.15, getThumbBoundsFn: function(index) { var thumbnail = paperListAvatarThumb[index]; var pageYScroll = window.pageYOffset || document.documentElement.scrollTop; var rect = thumbnail.getBoundingClientRect(); return {x:rect.left, y:rect.top + pageYScroll, w:rect.width}; } }; gallery = new PhotoSwipe( pswpElement, PhotoSwipeUI_Default,[paperListAvatar[index]],options); gallery.init(); }); }); $('#templateSearchResultModal').on('hide.bs.modal', function(e) { $("#templateRefineSearch").removeClass('d-block').addClass('d-none'); $("#refineSearchModalHide").removeClass('d-block').addClass('d-none'); $("#refineSearchModal").removeClass('d-none').addClass('d-block'); offset = INITIAL_OFFSET; }) $(document).on("click", "#showMore", function(e){ offset+=INITIAL_OFFSET; runSearchModal() e.stopPropagation(); e.stopImmediatePropagation(); return false; }); $(document).ready(function() { $(document).on("click", "#refineSearchModal", function (e) { $("#templateRefineSearch").removeClass('d-none').addClass('d-block'); $(this).removeClass('d-block').addClass('d-none'); $("#refineSearchModalHide").removeClass('d-none').addClass('d-block'); }); $(document).on("click", "#refineSearchModalHide", function (e) { $("#templateRefineSearch").removeClass('d-block').addClass('d-none'); $(this).removeClass('d-block').addClass('d-none'); $("#refineSearchModal").removeClass('d-none').addClass('d-block'); }); $(document).on("click", "#modal_start_site_search", function (e) { runSearchModal(); e.stopPropagation(); e.stopImmediatePropagation(); return false; }); }); } function runSearchModal() { var projectID = document.querySelector('meta[name="global_projectID"]').content; var queryString = $('#library-filters').serialize(); var term = _searchTrimInput($('#modal_search_query').val()); term+='&'+queryString; if(term.length > 0) { _sendAjax(projectID, term); } else { showError(2, 'Empty search term') } } if(document.getElementById('search_query_solr')) { run(); } </script> </div></div>  </div> </div> </div> </div> </header>  <main class="one-column version-2023"> <div id="content" class="container"> <div id="page_content_container" class="CMSCONTAINER content-container">    <div id="landing_page" class="cmsbox j-intro-section j-section"><div class="row mt-1"> <div class="col-12 d-xl-none mt-1"> <div class="row service_icons mb-3"> <a href="https://wcd.copernicus.org" class="col-auto pr-0"> <img src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/icon_open_access.svg" title="Open access" alt="Open access" /></a> <a href="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/peer_review/interactive_review_process.html" class="col-auto pr-0"> <img src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/icon_public_peer_review.svg" title="Public peer review" alt="Public peer review" /></a> <a href="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/about/article_level_metrics.html" class="col-auto pr-0 d-none d-md-inline-block"> <img src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/icon_article_level_metrics.svg" title="Article level metrics" alt="Article level metrics" /></a> <a href="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/about/article_processing_charges.html" class="col-auto pr-0 d-none d-xxl-inline-block"> <img src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/icon_moderateAPCs.svg" title="Moderate APCs" alt="Moderate APCs" /></a> </div> </div> <div class="col-auto d-none d-lg-block img-responsive"> <img id="open_pop_up" alt="WCD cover" cofileid="432174" src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/graphic_journal_cover_normal.png" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#coverModal" class="hover-cursor-pointer" /> </div> <div class="col pl-lg-0 mt-1"> <div class="row service_icons mb-3 d-none d-xl-block"> <a href="https://wcd.copernicus.org" class="col-auto pr-0"> <img src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/icon_open_access.svg" title="Open access" alt="Open access" /></a> <a href="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/peer_review/interactive_review_process.html" class="col-auto pr-0"> <img src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/icon_public_peer_review.svg" title="Public peer review" alt="Public peer review" /></a> <a href="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/about/article_level_metrics.html" class="col-auto pr-0 d-none d-md-inline-block"> <img src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/icon_article_level_metrics.svg" title="Article level metrics" alt="Article level metrics" /></a> <a href="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/about/article_processing_charges.html" class="col-auto pr-0 d-none d-xxl-inline-block"> <img src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/icon_moderateAPCs.svg" title="Moderate APCs" alt="Moderate APCs" /></a> <a href="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/about/financial_support.html" class="col-auto pr-0 d-none d-xxl-inline-block"> <img src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/icon_financial_support.svg" title="Financial support" alt="Financial support" /></a> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 font-weight-bold">Executive editors: Camille Li, Stephan Pfahl & Heini Wernli</div> </div> <div class="row mb-3"> <div class="col-12"> eISSN: WCD <span class="" id="cmsvar_111">2698-4016</span>, WCDD <span class="" id="cmsvar_115">2698-4024</span> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12"> Weather and Climate Dynamics (WCD) is a not-for-profit international scientific journal dedicated to the publication and public discussion of high-quality research on dynamical processes in the atmosphere. It represents a timely effort to establish a seamless perspective on atmospheric flows, on scales from weather to climate (minutes to decades). The scope of the journal includes the following: the dynamics of extreme weather events (case studies and climatological analyses); weather system dynamics in tropical, midlatitude and polar regions; interactions of atmospheric flows with cloud physics and/or radiation; links between the atmospheric water cycle and weather systems; tropical-extratropical and midlatitude-polar interactions; atmospheric teleconnections and stratosphere-troposphere coupling; boundary-layer dynamics and coupling to land, ocean and ice; atmospheric variability and predictability on time scales from minutes to decades; storm track and Hadley cell dynamics; role of atmospheric dynamics in paleoclimate and climate change projections; and other aspects of weather and climate dynamics. Theoretical studies, idealized numerical studies, full-physics numerical studies, and diagnostic studies using (re)analysis and/or observational data are welcome. </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="coverModal" class="modal fade" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"> <span aria-hidden="true">脳</span> </button> </div> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-12 p-3"> <img class="img-fluid" alt="WCD cover enlarged" cofileid="432181" src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/graphic_wcd_cover_huge.png" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div><div id="cmsbox_126157" class="cmsbox "><h2>Journal metrics</h2> <p>WCD is indexed in the Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, etc. We refrain from displaying the journal metrics prominently on the landing page since citation metrics used in isolation do not describe importance, impact, or quality of a journal. However, these metrics can be found on the <a href="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/about/journal_metrics.html">journal metrics page</a>.</p></div><div id="recent_paper" class="cmsbox j-article j-article-section"><div id="recent-paper-content"> <div id="recent_paper_header"> <h2>Recent papers</h2> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="0"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/211/2025/wcd-6-211-2025-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/211/2025/wcd-6-211-2025-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/211/2025/wcd-6-211-2025-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="480" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 18 Feb 2025</div> <div class="highlightType" > | Highlight paper</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/211/2025/">Synoptic perspective on the conversion and maintenance of local available potential energy in extratropical cyclones</a> <div class="authors">Marc Federer, Lukas Papritz, Michael Sprenger, and Christian M. Grams</div> <div class="citation">Weather Clim. Dynam., 6, 211–230, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-211-2025,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-211-2025,</span> 2025</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_121783" data-show=".short_summary_121783" data-hide=".short_summary_button_121783" >Short summary</span> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle ce_comment_button_121783 ml-2" data-show=".ce_comment_121783" data-hide=".ce_comment_button_121783">Executive editor</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_121783" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> Although extratropical cyclones in the North Atlantic are among the most impactful midlatitude weather systems, their intensification is not entirely understood. Here, we explore how individual cyclones convert available potential energy (APE) into kinetic energy and relate these conversions to the synoptic development of the cyclones. By combining potential vorticity thinking with a local APE framework, we offer a novel perspective on established concepts in dynamic meteorology. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_121783" data-show=".short_summary_button_121783">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="j-widget__max ce_comment ce_comment_121783 mt-3" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Executive editor</div> <div class="content"> This study provides a novel Lagrangian perspective on cyclogenesis grounded in atmospheric energetics. While the energetics framework is commonly used to understand the planetary scale circulation, its application to synoptic scales is less explored. The authors establish a close connection between extratropical baroclinic zones and local available potential energy, and further analyze air parcel trajectories to link conversions between potential and kinetic energy to specific features of the developing cyclones. The results of this study offer insights into the local, synoptic and large scale contributions to cyclogenesis that are relevant for diverse disciplines in atmospheric and climate sciences. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".ce_comment_121783" data-show=".ce_comment_button_121783">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/211/2025/wcd-6-211-2025-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/211/2025/wcd-6-211-2025-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/211/2025/wcd-6-211-2025-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="480" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object type-0 in-range paperList-discussion" data-diff="0"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 18 Feb 2025</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-521/">The Complex Teleconnections and Feedback Mechanisms between Mainland Indochina's Southwest Monsoon and Arctic Ocean Climate Variability</a> <div class="authors">Kyaw Than Oo, Aminu Dalhatu Datti, Kazora Jonah, and Brian Odhiambo Ayugi</div> <div class="citation">EGUsphere, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-521,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-521,</span> 2025</div> <div class="statusMessage"><span>Preprint under review for WCD</span> <nobr>(discussion: open, 0 comments)</nobr></div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_126982" data-show=".short_summary_126982" data-hide=".short_summary_button_126982" >Short summary</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_126982" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> This study reveals a previously unexplored connection between the Mainland Indochina Southwest Monsoon (MSWM) and Arctic Sea Ice (ASI) variability in September. Using 40 years of data, it demonstrates how monsoonal heating influences large-scale atmospheric patterns like the NAO and NPO, ultimately affecting ASI distribution. These findings highlight tropical-extratropical climate linkages, offering new insights for climate modeling and Arctic climate change predictions. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_126982" data-show=".short_summary_button_126982">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object type-0 in-range paperList-discussion" data-diff="0"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 17 Feb 2025</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-76/">Diverse Causes of Extreme Rainfall in November 2023 over Equatorial Africa</a> <div class="authors">Hermann N. Nana, Masilin Gudoshava, Rom茅o S. Tanessong, Alain T. Tamoffo, and Derbetini A. Vondou</div> <div class="citation">EGUsphere, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-76,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-76,</span> 2025</div> <div class="statusMessage"><span>Preprint under review for WCD</span> <nobr>(discussion: open, 0 comments)</nobr></div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_126400" data-show=".short_summary_126400" data-hide=".short_summary_button_126400" >Short summary</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_126400" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> The results of this study show that November 2023 extreme rainfall were controlled by several factors, including strong sea surface temperature anomalies in Niño-3.4, North Tropical Atlantic, Equatorial Atlantic and Indian ocean dipole regions, changes in zonal winds, the Walker circulation, the moisture flux and its divergence, and the easterly jets. The information we derive can be used to support risk assessment in the region and to improve our resilience to ongoing climate change. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_126400" data-show=".short_summary_button_126400">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="0"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/197/2025/wcd-6-197-2025-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/197/2025/wcd-6-197-2025-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/197/2025/wcd-6-197-2025-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="492" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 13 Feb 2025</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/197/2025/">Pacific Decadal Oscillation-driven interdecadal variability of snowfall over the Karakoram and the Western Himalayas</a> <div class="authors">Priya Bharati, Pranab Deb, and Kieran Mark Rainwater Hunt</div> <div class="citation">Weather Clim. Dynam., 6, 197–210, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-197-2025,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-197-2025,</span> 2025</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_123317" data-show=".short_summary_123317" data-hide=".short_summary_button_123317" >Short summary</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_123317" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> Our study highlights that the negative phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) enhanced winter snowfall in the Karakoram and the Western Himalayas (KH) from 1940 to 2022. This is driven by deep convection, adiabatic cooling, and a wave-like atmospheric pattern linked to the subtropical jet (STJ). The PDO–STJ relationship offers insights into decadal snowfall predictability in KH, emphasizing the PDO's role in regional climate dynamics. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_123317" data-show=".short_summary_button_123317">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/197/2025/wcd-6-197-2025-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/197/2025/wcd-6-197-2025-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/197/2025/wcd-6-197-2025-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="492" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object type-0 in-range paperList-discussion" data-diff="0"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 10 Feb 2025</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-218/">Tropical cyclone intensification and extratropical transition under alternate climate conditions: a case study of Hurricane Ophelia (2017)</a> <div class="authors">Marjolein Ribberink, Hylke de Vries, Nadia Bloemendaal, Michiel Baatsen, and Erik van Meijgaard</div> <div class="citation">EGUsphere, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-218,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-218,</span> 2025</div> <div class="statusMessage"><span>Preprint under review for WCD</span> <nobr>(discussion: open, 0 comments)</nobr></div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_126604" data-show=".short_summary_126604" data-hide=".short_summary_button_126604" >Short summary</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_126604" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> Hurricane Ophelia of October 2017 is a rare example of a strong post-tropical cyclone impacting Europe, an event that is expected to occur more frequently as our climate warms. This study examines the changes in structure, behaviour, and extratropical transition of Hurricane Ophelia under alternate climate forcing using a regional model. We find that in warmer climates the storm becomes stronger, larger, and maintains the characteristics of a tropical cyclone for longer than in cooler climates. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_126604" data-show=".short_summary_button_126604">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="0"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/171/2025/wcd-6-171-2025-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/171/2025/wcd-6-171-2025-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/171/2025/wcd-6-171-2025-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="469" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 07 Feb 2025</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/171/2025/">A process-based evaluation of biases in extratropical stratosphere鈥搕roposphere coupling in subseasonal forecast systems</a> <div class="authors">Chaim I. Garfinkel, Zachary D. Lawrence, Amy H. Butler, Etienne Dunn-Sigouin, Irina Statnaia, Alexey Y. Karpechko, Gerbrand Koren, Marta Abalos, Blanca Ayarzag眉ena, David Barriopedro, Natalia Calvo, Alvaro de la C谩mara, Andrew Charlton-Perez, Judah Cohen, Daniela I. V. Domeisen, Javier Garc铆a-Serrano, Neil P. Hindley, Martin Jucker, Hera Kim, Robert W. Lee, Simon H. Lee, Marisol Osman, Froila M. Palmeiro, Inna Polichtchouk, Jian Rao, Jadwiga H. Richter, Chen Schwartz, Seok-Woo Son, Masakazu Taguchi, Nicholas L. Tyrrell, Corwin J. Wright, and Rachel W.-Y. Wu</div> <div class="citation">Weather Clim. Dynam., 6, 171–195, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-171-2025,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-171-2025,</span> 2025</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_120998" data-show=".short_summary_120998" data-hide=".short_summary_button_120998" >Short summary</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_120998" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> Variability in the extratropical stratosphere and troposphere is coupled, and because of the longer timescales characteristic of the stratosphere, this allows for a window of opportunity for surface prediction. This paper assesses whether models used for operational prediction capture these coupling processes accurately. We find that most processes are too weak; however downward coupling from the lower stratosphere to the near surface is too strong. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_120998" data-show=".short_summary_button_120998">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/171/2025/wcd-6-171-2025-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/171/2025/wcd-6-171-2025-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/171/2025/wcd-6-171-2025-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="469" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object type-0 in-range paperList-discussion" data-diff="0"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 03 Feb 2025</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2025-115/">Seasonal Predictability of Vapor Pressure Deficit in the western United States</a> <div class="authors">Melissa Leah Breeden, Andrew Hoell, Rochelle Pauline Worsnop, John Robert Albers, Michael T. Hobbins, Rachel Maya Robinson, and Daniel James Vimont</div> <div class="citation">EGUsphere, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-115,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-115,</span> 2025</div> <div class="statusMessage"><span>Preprint under review for WCD</span> <nobr>(discussion: open, 0 comments)</nobr></div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_126456" data-show=".short_summary_126456" data-hide=".short_summary_button_126456" >Short summary</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_126456" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> We explore the predictability of saturation vapor pressure deficit (VPD), a key indicator of wildfire danger, one to 18 months in advance. Seasonal VPD forecasts are generated using a statistical dynamical model that produces high VPD skill related to a long-term warming trend and sea surface temperatures. Understanding where forecast skill comes from is important to for improving forecast models, and this study shows the role of multiple unique processes in contributing to VPD forecasts. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_126456" data-show=".short_summary_button_126456">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="0"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/151/2025/wcd-6-151-2025-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/151/2025/wcd-6-151-2025-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/151/2025/wcd-6-151-2025-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="495" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 31 Jan 2025</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/151/2025/">Frequency anomalies and characteristics of extratropical cyclones during extremely wet, dry, windy, and calm seasons in the extratropics</a> <div class="authors">Hanin Binder and Heini Wernli</div> <div class="citation">Weather Clim. Dynam., 6, 151–170, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-151-2025,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-151-2025,</span> 2025</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_123487" data-show=".short_summary_123487" data-hide=".short_summary_button_123487" >Short summary</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_123487" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> This study presents a systematic analysis of frequency anomalies and characteristics of extratropical cyclones during extremely wet, dry, windy, and calm winter and summer seasons in the extratropics based on 1050 years of present-day climate simulations. We show that anomalies in cyclone frequency, intensity, and stationarity are crucial to the occurrence of many extreme seasons and that these anomaly patterns exhibit substantial regional and seasonal variability. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_123487" data-show=".short_summary_button_123487">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/151/2025/wcd-6-151-2025-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/151/2025/wcd-6-151-2025-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/151/2025/wcd-6-151-2025-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="495" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="0"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/131/2025/wcd-6-131-2025-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/131/2025/wcd-6-131-2025-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/131/2025/wcd-6-131-2025-avatar-web.png" data-width="513" data-height="600" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 29 Jan 2025</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/131/2025/">Two different perspectives on heatwaves within the Lagrangian framework</a> <div class="authors">Amelie Mayer and Volkmar Wirth</div> <div class="citation">Weather Clim. Dynam., 6, 131–150, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-131-2025,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-131-2025,</span> 2025</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_121620" data-show=".short_summary_121620" data-hide=".short_summary_button_121620" >Short summary</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_121620" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> Although heatwaves are among the most dangerous weather-related hazards, their underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we investigate the formation of heatwaves in an air-parcel-based framework and distinguish the contributions from horizontal transport, vertical transport, and diabatic heating. We show that the results obtained depend profoundly on whether one compares the absolute contributions of the individual terms or, instead, their anomalies relative to climatology. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_121620" data-show=".short_summary_button_121620">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/131/2025/wcd-6-131-2025-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/131/2025/wcd-6-131-2025-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/131/2025/wcd-6-131-2025-avatar-web.png" data-width="513" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="600" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object type-0 in-range paperList-discussion" data-diff="0"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 28 Jan 2025</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://egusphere.copernicus.org/preprints/2025/egusphere-2024-4115/">Learning predictable and informative dynamical drivers of extreme precipitation using variational autoencoders</a> <div class="authors">Fiona Raphaela Spuler, Marlene Kretschmer, Magdalena Alonso Balmaseda, Yevgeniya Kovalchuk, and Theodore G. Shepherd</div> <div class="citation">EGUsphere, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4115,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-4115,</span> 2025</div> <div class="statusMessage"><span>Preprint under review for WCD</span> <nobr>(discussion: open, 0 comments)</nobr></div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_126157" data-show=".short_summary_126157" data-hide=".short_summary_button_126157" >Short summary</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_126157" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> Large-scale atmospheric dynamics modulate the occurrence of extreme events and can be leveraged to improve their predictability. In this paper, we introduce a generative machine learning method to identify dynamical drivers of a relevant impact variable in the form of targeted circulation regimes. Applying the method to study extreme precipitation over Morocco, we show that these regimes are more predictive of the impact while maintaining their own predictability and physical consistency. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_126157" data-show=".short_summary_button_126157">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> </div> </div> </div>    </div><div id="highlight-articles" class="cmsbox landing-page"><div id="highlight-paper-content"> <div id="highlight-articles-header"> <h2>Highlight articles</h2> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="0"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/211/2025/wcd-6-211-2025-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/211/2025/wcd-6-211-2025-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/211/2025/wcd-6-211-2025-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="480" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 18 Feb 2025</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/211/2025/">Synoptic perspective on the conversion and maintenance of local available potential energy in extratropical cyclones</a> <div class="authors">Marc Federer, Lukas Papritz, Michael Sprenger, and Christian M. Grams</div> <div class="citation">Weather Clim. Dynam., 6, 211–230, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-211-2025,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-6-211-2025,</span> 2025</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_121783" data-show=".short_summary_121783" data-hide=".short_summary_button_121783" >Short summary</span> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle ce_comment_button_121783 ml-2" data-show=".ce_comment_121783" data-hide=".ce_comment_button_121783">Executive editor</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_121783" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> Although extratropical cyclones in the North Atlantic are among the most impactful midlatitude weather systems, their intensification is not entirely understood. Here, we explore how individual cyclones convert available potential energy (APE) into kinetic energy and relate these conversions to the synoptic development of the cyclones. By combining potential vorticity thinking with a local APE framework, we offer a novel perspective on established concepts in dynamic meteorology. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_121783" data-show=".short_summary_button_121783">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="j-widget__max ce_comment ce_comment_121783 mt-3" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Executive editor</div> <div class="content"> This study provides a novel Lagrangian perspective on cyclogenesis grounded in atmospheric energetics. While the energetics framework is commonly used to understand the planetary scale circulation, its application to synoptic scales is less explored. The authors establish a close connection between extratropical baroclinic zones and local available potential energy, and further analyze air parcel trajectories to link conversions between potential and kinetic energy to specific features of the developing cyclones. The results of this study offer insights into the local, synoptic and large scale contributions to cyclogenesis that are relevant for diverse disciplines in atmospheric and climate sciences. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".ce_comment_121783" data-show=".ce_comment_button_121783">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/211/2025/wcd-6-211-2025-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/211/2025/wcd-6-211-2025-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/6/211/2025/wcd-6-211-2025-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="480" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="0"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/5/1187/2024/wcd-5-1187-2024-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/5/1187/2024/wcd-5-1187-2024-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/5/1187/2024/wcd-5-1187-2024-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="570" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 30 Sep 2024</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/5/1187/2024/">The crucial representation of deep convection for the cyclogenesis of Medicane Ianos</a> <div class="authors">Florian Pantillon, Silvio Davolio, Elenio Avolio, Carlos Calvo-Sancho, Diego Saul Carri贸, Stavros Dafis, Emanuele Silvio Gentile, Juan Jesus Gonzalez-Aleman, Suzanne Gray, Mario Marcello Miglietta, Platon Patlakas, Ioannis Pytharoulis, Didier Ricard, Antonio Ricchi, Claudio Sanchez, and Emmanouil Flaounas</div> <div class="citation">Weather Clim. Dynam., 5, 1187–1205, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-1187-2024,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-1187-2024,</span> 2024</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_119398" data-show=".short_summary_119398" data-hide=".short_summary_button_119398" >Short summary</span> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle ce_comment_button_119398 ml-2" data-show=".ce_comment_119398" data-hide=".ce_comment_button_119398">Executive editor</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_119398" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> Cyclone Ianos of September 2020 was a high-impact but poorly predicted medicane (Mediterranean hurricane). A community effort of numerical modelling provides robust results to improve prediction. It is found that the representation of local thunderstorms controlled the interaction of Ianos with a jet stream at larger scales and its subsequent evolution. The results help us understand the peculiar dynamics of medicanes and provide guidance for the next generation of weather and climate models. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_119398" data-show=".short_summary_button_119398">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="j-widget__max ce_comment ce_comment_119398 mt-3" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Executive editor</div> <div class="content"> High-impact medicanes, like Ianos September 2020, are occasionally poorly predicted by operational numerical weather prediction models, and it is therefore very important to understand the factors that limit their predictability and to eventually improve predictions. The well-written study by Pantillon et al. investigates simulations of medicane Ianos performed with 10 model setups, using different models, horizontal grid spacings, and representations of moist convection. Their results highlight the critical importance of a high-resolution representation of moist convection, and the coupling of convective and baroclinic processes in the cyclogenesis phase of the medicane. These results from the major modelling undertaking in this study have important ramifications also for practical forecasting. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".ce_comment_119398" data-show=".ce_comment_button_119398">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/5/1187/2024/wcd-5-1187-2024-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/5/1187/2024/wcd-5-1187-2024-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/5/1187/2024/wcd-5-1187-2024-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="570" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="0"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/5/763/2024/wcd-5-763-2024-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/5/763/2024/wcd-5-763-2024-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/5/763/2024/wcd-5-763-2024-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="558" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 22 May 2024</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/5/763/2024/">Elevation-dependent warming: observations, models, and energetic mechanisms</a> <div class="authors">Michael P. Byrne, William R. Boos, and Shineng Hu</div> <div class="citation">Weather Clim. Dynam., 5, 763–777, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-763-2024,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-5-763-2024,</span> 2024</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_117386" data-show=".short_summary_117386" data-hide=".short_summary_button_117386" >Short summary</span> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle ce_comment_button_117386 ml-2" data-show=".ce_comment_117386" data-hide=".ce_comment_button_117386">Executive editor</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_117386" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> In this study we investigate why climate change is amplified in mountain regions, a phenomenon known as elevation-dependent warming (EDW). We examine EDW using observations and models and assess the roles of radiative forcing vs. internal variability in driving the historical signal. Using a forcing–feedback framework we also quantify for the first time the processes driving EDW on large scales. Our results have important implications for understanding future climate change in mountain regions. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_117386" data-show=".short_summary_button_117386">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="j-widget__max ce_comment ce_comment_117386 mt-3" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Executive editor</div> <div class="content"> Observations and climate models consistently indicate that, during the past decades in the tropics and subtropics, land surfaces at higher altitudes have been warming faster than lower-elevated ones, a phenomenon denoted as elevation-dependent warming (EDW). In this study, Byrne and co-authors quantify the magnitude of this effect, attribute it to greenhouse gas forcing, and provide a very thorough and comprehensive analysis of the underlying mechanisms. They identify Planck and surface albedo feedback as well as atmospheric energy transport as most important drivers of EDW, while water vapor and cloud feedback oppose EDW. In this way, the authors substantially improve our understanding of a fundamental aspect of current climate warming. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".ce_comment_117386" data-show=".ce_comment_button_117386">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/5/763/2024/wcd-5-763-2024-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/5/763/2024/wcd-5-763-2024-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/5/763/2024/wcd-5-763-2024-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="558" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="0"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/4/427/2023/wcd-4-427-2023-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/4/427/2023/wcd-4-427-2023-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/4/427/2023/wcd-4-427-2023-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-height="438" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 12 May 2023</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/4/427/2023/">What distinguishes 100-year precipitation extremes over central European river catchments from more moderate extreme events?</a> <div class="authors">Florian Ruff and Stephan Pfahl</div> <div class="citation">Weather Clim. Dynam., 4, 427–447, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-427-2023,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-427-2023,</span> 2023</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_106820" data-show=".short_summary_106820" data-hide=".short_summary_button_106820" >Short summary</span> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle ce_comment_button_106820 ml-2" data-show=".ce_comment_106820" data-hide=".ce_comment_button_106820">Executive editor</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_106820" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> In this study, we analyse the generic atmospheric processes of very extreme, 100-year precipitation events in large central European river catchments and the corresponding differences to less extreme events, based on a large time series (~1200 years) of simulated but realistic daily precipitation events from the ECMWF. Depending on the catchment, either dynamical mechanisms or thermodynamic conditions or a combination of both distinguish 100-year events from less extreme precipitation events. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_106820" data-show=".short_summary_button_106820">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="j-widget__max ce_comment ce_comment_106820 mt-3" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Executive editor</div> <div class="content"> Understanding the specific dynamical processes leading to extreme floods is an important but challenging task. Ruff and Pfahl used an innovative approach that allowed them to go beyond single case studies. They used operational ensemble forecasts from the ECMWF during the period 2003-2019 and focused on five major river catchments in Central Europe. Comparing extreme events (with a return period of 100 years) with more moderate events revealed important differences between the catchments. For some catchments the main factors that distinguish 100-year events were the intensity of the upper-level cutoff and surface cyclone, whereas in other catchments the main factor was an increased low-tropospheric moisture supply. The original results clearly illustrate that regional variability is substantial and no single atmospheric process can be claimed responsible for the distinction between extreme and moderate flood events. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".ce_comment_106820" data-show=".ce_comment_button_106820">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/4/427/2023/wcd-4-427-2023-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/4/427/2023/wcd-4-427-2023-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/4/427/2023/wcd-4-427-2023-avatar-web.png" data-width="600" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="438" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object in-range paperList-final" data-diff="0"> <div class="grid-100 hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/4/249/2023/wcd-4-249-2023-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/4/249/2023/wcd-4-249-2023-avatar-thumb80.png" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/4/249/2023/wcd-4-249-2023-avatar-web.png" data-width="469" data-height="600" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85"> <div class="published-date"> 28 Mar 2023</div> <a class="article-title" target="_parent" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/4/249/2023/">Investigation of links between dynamical scenarios and particularly high impact of Aeolus on numerical weather prediction (NWP) forecasts</a> <div class="authors">Anne Martin, Martin Weissmann, and Alexander Cress</div> <div class="citation">Weather Clim. Dynam., 4, 249–264, <nobr class="hide-on-mobile hide-on-tablet">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-249-2023,</nobr><span class="hide-on-desktop">https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-4-249-2023,</span> 2023</div> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle short_summary_button_107331" data-show=".short_summary_107331" data-hide=".short_summary_button_107331" >Short summary</span> <span class="show-hide journal-contentLinkColor triangle ce_comment_button_107331 ml-2" data-show=".ce_comment_107331" data-hide=".ce_comment_button_107331">Executive editor</span> <div class="j-widget__max short_summary short_summary_107331" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Short summary</div> <div class="content"> Global wind profiles from the Aeolus satellite mission are an important recent substitute for the Global Observing System, showing an overall positive impact on numerical weather prediction forecasts. This study highlights atmospheric dynamic phenomena constituting pathways for significant improvement of Aeolus for future studies, including large-scale tropical circulation systems and the interaction of tropical cyclones undergoing an extratropical transition with the midlatitude waveguide. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".short_summary_107331" data-show=".short_summary_button_107331">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> <div class="j-widget__max ce_comment ce_comment_107331 mt-3" style="display: none"> <div class="widget dark-border"> <div class="legend journal-contentLinkColor">Executive editor</div> <div class="content"> Numerical weather prediction depends essentially on high-quality upper-air wind observations to constrain the initial conditions. This study by Martin et al. investigates the impact of spaceborne Doppler wind lidar measurements from the Aeolus mission on forecast quality of the operational global forecasting system with ICON at Deutscher Wetterdienst. An observing system experiment shows an overall beneficial impact, and the authors go one important step further and present illustrative examples how events with strong forecast quality improvements can be related to specific dynamical phenomena such as ENSO and the extratropical transition of tropical cyclones. </div> <div><a href="#" class="show-hide triangle" data-hide=".ce_comment_107331" data-show=".ce_comment_button_107331">Hide</a></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 text-right hide-on-mobile"> <a class="paperlist-avatar" target="_blank" href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/4/249/2023/wcd-4-249-2023-avatar-web.png"> <img class="img-responsive" src="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/4/249/2023/wcd-4-249-2023-avatar-thumb80.png" data-web="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/4/249/2023/wcd-4-249-2023-avatar-web.png" data-width="469" data-caption="漏 Author(s). Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License." data-height="600" width="80" height="80"> </a> </div> </div> <p class="j-news-archive-link grid-container grid-parent"> <strong> <a class="grid-30 tablet-grid-30 mobile-grid-100" href="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/articles_and_preprints/highlight_articles.html">More highlight articles <img cofileid="17978" alt="" src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/graphic_grey_right_symbol.png"></a> <a class="grid-30 tablet-grid-30 mobile-grid-100 a-margin__left-2" target="_blank" href="https://www.egu.eu/news/highlight-articles/">All EGU highlight articles <img cofileid="17978" alt="" src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/graphic_grey_right_symbol.png"></a> </strong> </p> </div>    </div><div id="news_container" class="cmsbox "> <h2>News</h2> <div class="grid-container paperlist-object"> <div class="hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet mobile-grid-100"> <a class="no-border paperlist-avatar-unclickable" target="_blank" href="https://www.egu.eu/news/1252/egu-publications-says-thank-you-to-all-our-2024-journal-and-egusphere-volunteers/"><img alt="" cofileid="432184" src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/image-avatar-wcd.png" width="80px"/></a> </div> <div class="hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet mobile-grid-100"> <span class="published-date">10 Feb 2025</span> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.egu.eu/news/1252/egu-publications-says-thank-you-to-all-our-2024-journal-and-egusphere-volunteers/" class="article-title">Thank you to all our referees in 2024!</a> <p class="citation">A big <a href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/5/referees.html">thank you to all referees</a> for their volunteer work in providing fair, thorough, and constructive peer-review reports! Through their invaluable contribution our interactive open-access journals maintain their high scientific standards and their ongoing success. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.egu.eu/news/1252/egu-publications-says-thank-you-to-all-our-2024-journal-and-egusphere-volunteers/"><img cofileid="17978" alt="" src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/graphic_grey_right_symbol.png"></a></p> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85 hide-on-mobile"> <span class="published-date">10 Feb 2025</span> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.egu.eu/news/1252/egu-publications-says-thank-you-to-all-our-2024-journal-and-egusphere-volunteers/" class="article-title">Thank you to all our referees in 2024!</a> <p class="citation">A big <a href="https://wcd.copernicus.org/articles/5/referees.html">thank you to all referees</a> for their volunteer work in providing fair, thorough, and constructive peer-review reports! Through their invaluable contribution our interactive open-access journals maintain their high scientific standards and their ongoing success. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.egu.eu/news/1252/egu-publications-says-thank-you-to-all-our-2024-journal-and-egusphere-volunteers/"><img cofileid="17978" alt="" src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/graphic_grey_right_symbol.png"></a></p> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 hide-on-mobile text-right"> <a class="no-border paperlist-avatar-unclickable" target="_blank" href="https://www.egu.eu/news/1252/egu-publications-says-thank-you-to-all-our-2024-journal-and-egusphere-volunteers/"><img alt="" cofileid="432184" src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/image-avatar-wcd.png" width="80px"/></a> </div> <div class="hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet mobile-grid-100"> <img class="no-border paperlist-avatar-unclickable" alt="" cofileid="732715" src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/image-icon-rocket.png" width="80px"/> </div> <div class="hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet mobile-grid-100"> <span class="published-date">05 Feb 2025</span> <span class="article-title">Copernicus Publications and all journals left Twitter</span> <p class="citation">The Copernicus Twitter account as well as all Twitter accounts of journals published by us have been deactivated. There will be no automatic feeds of newly posted preprints or published journal articles anymore, we do not actively tweet, and the status informs that the accounts are no longer maintained. Twitter is no longer linked from the journal websites or in the share section of the preprint or journal article HTML pages. </p> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85 hide-on-mobile"> <span class="published-date">05 Feb 2025</span> <span class="article-title">Copernicus Publications and all journals left Twitter</span> <p class="citation">The Copernicus Twitter account as well as all Twitter accounts of journals published by us have been deactivated. There will be no automatic feeds of newly posted preprints or published journal articles anymore, we do not actively tweet, and the status informs that the accounts are no longer maintained. Twitter is no longer linked from the journal websites or in the share section of the preprint or journal article HTML pages. </p> </div> <div class="grid-15 tablet-grid-15 hide-on-mobile text-right"> <img class="no-border paperlist-avatar-unclickable" alt="" cofileid="732715" src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/image-icon-rocket.png" width="80px"/> </div> <div class="hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet mobile-grid-100"> <a class="no-border paperlist-avatar-unclickable" target="_blank" href="https://www.copernicus.org/news_and_press/2024-12-19_new-apc-model-more-inclusive-apc-discount-options-and-institutional-agreements-at-researchgate.html"><img alt="" cofileid="22335" src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/icon_public-peer-review.png" width="80px"/></a> </div> <div class="hide-on-desktop hide-on-tablet mobile-grid-100"> <span class="published-date">19 Dec 2024</span> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.copernicus.org/news_and_press/2024-12-19_new-apc-model-more-inclusive-apc-discount-options-and-institutional-agreements-at-researchgate.html" class="article-title">ResearchGate and institutional agreements</a> <p class="citation">We are pleased to announce that scientists associated with our 38 library partners representing 350 universities and research centres as well as 300 institutions from Research4Life countries will be informed directly about APC coverage when browsing our articles on ResearchGate. Read more. <a target="_blank" href="https://www.copernicus.org/news_and_press/2024-12-19_new-apc-model-more-inclusive-apc-discount-options-and-institutional-agreements-at-researchgate.html"><img cofileid="17978" alt="" src="https://www.weather-climate-dynamics.net/graphic_grey_right_symbol.png"></a></p> </div> <div class="grid-85 tablet-grid-85 hide-on-mobile"> <span class="published-date">19 Dec 2024</span> <a target="_blank" href="https://www.copernicus.org/news_and_press/2024-12-19_new-apc-model-more-inclusive-apc-discount-options-and-institutional-agreements-at-researchgate.html" class="article-title">ResearchGate and institutional agreements</a> <p class="citation">We are pleased to announce that scientists associated with our 38 library partners representing 350 universities and research centres as well as 300 institutions from Research4Life countries will be informed directly about APC coverage when browsing our articles on ResearchGate. 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