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<div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Philosophy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Philosophy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ruler</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 76 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-76" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">76 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="مسطرة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مسطرة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regla_graduada" title="Regla graduada – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Regla graduada" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipahikanatikw" title="Tipahikanatikw – Atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Tipahikanatikw" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="Atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%C9%99tke%C5%9F" title="Xətkeş – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Xətkeş" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhioh" title="Chhioh – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chhioh" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Лінейка – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Лінейка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Линийка – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Линийка" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regle" title="Regle – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Regle" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%B3%D1%80%C4%95%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Тӳрĕшке – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тӳрĕшке" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prav%C3%ADtko" title="Pravítko – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pravítko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pren_mesur" title="Pren mesur – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Pren mesur" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lineal" title="Lineal – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Lineal" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lineal" title="Lineal – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lineal" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joonlaud" title="Joonlaud – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Joonlaud" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%82_(%CE%B3%CE%B5%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1)" title="Κανόνας (γεωμετρία) – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κανόνας (γεωμετρία)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riga_(strum%C3%A8int)" title="Riga (strumèint) – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Riga (strumèint)" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regla_graduada" title="Regla graduada – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Regla graduada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liniilo" title="Liniilo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Liniilo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erregela_(tresna)" title="Erregela (tresna) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erregela (tresna)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%B7%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D8%B4" title="خط‌کش – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خط‌کش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A8gle_(instrument_de_g%C3%A9om%C3%A9trie)" title="Règle (instrument de géométrie) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Règle (instrument de géométrie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regra_(instrumento)" title="Regra (instrumento) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Regra (instrumento)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhak" title="Chhak – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chhak" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%90_(%EB%8F%84%EA%B5%AC)" title="자 (도구) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="자 (도구)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Քանոն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քանոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravnalo" title="Ravnalo – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ravnalo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linealo" title="Linealo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Linealo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penggaris" title="Penggaris – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penggaris" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regula_(instrumento)" title="Regula (instrumento) – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Regula (instrumento)" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riga_(strumento)" title="Riga (strumento) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Riga (strumento)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A8%D7%92%D7%9C" title="סרגל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סרגל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penggaris" title="Penggaris – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Penggaris" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%98" title="სახაზავი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სახაზავი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Сызғыш – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сызғыш" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rula" title="Rula – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Rula" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regula_(instrumentum)" title="Regula (instrumentum) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Regula (instrumentum)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line%C4%81ls" title="Lineāls – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Lineāls" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liniuot%C4%97" title="Liniuotė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Liniuotė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vonalz%C3%B3" title="Vonalzó – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vonalzó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Линијар – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Линијар" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%BC_(%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82)" title="റൂളർ (അളവ് ഉപകരണം) – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റൂളർ (അളവ് ഉപകരണം)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%87_(%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%87)" title="مسطره (اداه) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مسطره (اداه)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembaris" title="Pembaris – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pembaris" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Li%C3%B2ng-chi%C3%B3h" title="Liòng-chióh – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Liòng-chióh" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%B1%E1%80%90%E1%80%B6" title="ပေတံ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပေတံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liniaal" title="Liniaal – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Liniaal" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%9A%E8%A6%8F" title="定規 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="定規" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linjal" title="Linjal – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Linjal" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linjal" title="Linjal – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Linjal" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chizg%27ich" title="Chizg'ich – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Chizg'ich" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DA%9A%DB%8C" title="کرښی – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کرښی" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lienholt" title="Lienholt – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Lienholt" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linijka" title="Linijka – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Linijka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9gua" title="Régua – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Régua" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rigl%C4%83" title="Riglă – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Riglă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Линейка – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Линейка" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vizorja" title="Vizorja – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vizorja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruler" title="Ruler – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ruler" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prav%C3%ADtko" title="Pravítko – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pravítko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravnilo" title="Ravnilo – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ravnilo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Лењир – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лењир" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ravnalo" title="Ravnalo – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ravnalo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jidar" title="Jidar – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Jidar" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viivain" title="Viivain – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Viivain" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linjal" title="Linjal – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Linjal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="அளவுகோல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அளவுகோல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D_(%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D)" title="రూలర్ (స్కేల్) – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రూలర్ (స్కేల్)" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94" title="ไม้บรรทัด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไม้บรรทัด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cetvel" title="Cetvel – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cetvel" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Лінійка – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лінійка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc" title="Thước – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thước" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%BA" title="尺 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="尺" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%BA%E5%AD%90" title="尺子 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="尺子" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%96%93%E5%B0%BA" title="間尺 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="間尺" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%BA%E5%AD%90" title="尺子 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="尺子" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutuku" title="Tutuku – Central Dusun" 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Instrument used to measure distances</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the measuring device-the ruler. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Ruler_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Ruler (disambiguation)">Ruler (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Carpenter's rule" redirects here. For the mathematical unfolding problem, see <a href="/wiki/Carpenter%27s_rule_problem" title="Carpenter's rule problem">Carpenter's rule problem</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Ruler" title="Special:EditPage/Ruler">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Ruler%22">"Ruler"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Ruler%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Ruler%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Ruler%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Ruler%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Ruler%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Diverse%C2%B7Ma%C3%9Fst%C3%A4be,15.365.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Diverse%C2%B7Ma%C3%9Fst%C3%A4be%2C15.365.jpg/330px-Diverse%C2%B7Ma%C3%9Fst%C3%A4be%2C15.365.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Diverse%C2%B7Ma%C3%9Fst%C3%A4be%2C15.365.jpg/500px-Diverse%C2%B7Ma%C3%9Fst%C3%A4be%2C15.365.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Diverse%C2%B7Ma%C3%9Fst%C3%A4be%2C15.365.jpg/960px-Diverse%C2%B7Ma%C3%9Fst%C3%A4be%2C15.365.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="674" /></a><figcaption>A variety of rulers</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CarpentersRule.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/CarpentersRule.png/250px-CarpentersRule.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/CarpentersRule.png/330px-CarpentersRule.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/CarpentersRule.png/500px-CarpentersRule.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="356" /></a><figcaption>A carpenter's rule</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Measuring-tape.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Measuring-tape.jpg/220px-Measuring-tape.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Measuring-tape.jpg/330px-Measuring-tape.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Measuring-tape.jpg/440px-Measuring-tape.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3380" data-file-height="2160" /></a><figcaption>Retractable flexible rule or <a href="/wiki/Tape_measure" title="Tape measure">tape measure</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Steel_ruler_closeup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Steel_ruler_closeup.jpg/250px-Steel_ruler_closeup.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Steel_ruler_closeup.jpg/330px-Steel_ruler_closeup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Steel_ruler_closeup.jpg/500px-Steel_ruler_closeup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1044" data-file-height="632" /></a><figcaption>A closeup of a steel ruler</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Briefwaage_Lineal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Briefwaage_Lineal.jpg/250px-Briefwaage_Lineal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Briefwaage_Lineal.jpg/330px-Briefwaage_Lineal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Briefwaage_Lineal.jpg/500px-Briefwaage_Lineal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2915" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>A ruler in combination with a letter scale</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>ruler</b>, sometimes called a <b>rule</b>, scale or a <b>line gauge</b> or <b>metre/meter stick,</b> is an instrument used to make <a href="/wiki/Length_measurement" title="Length measurement">length measurements</a>, whereby a length is read from a series of markings called "rules" along an edge of the device.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Usually, the instrument is rigid and the edge itself is a <a href="/wiki/Straightedge" title="Straightedge">straightedge</a> ("ruled straightedge"), which additionally allows one to draw straighter lines. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variants">Variants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruler&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Variants"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rulers have long been made from different materials and in multiple sizes. Historically, they were mainly <a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">wood</a> but <a href="/wiki/Plastics" class="mw-redirect" title="Plastics">plastics</a> have also been used. They can be created with length markings instead of being <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/scribe" class="extiw" title="wikt:scribe">scribed</a>. Metal is also used for more durable rulers for use in the workshop; sometimes a metal edge is embedded into a wooden desk ruler to preserve the edge when used for straight-line cutting. 12 <a href="/wiki/Inch" title="Inch">in</a> or 30 <a href="/wiki/Centimetre" title="Centimetre">cm</a> in length, although some can go up to 100cm, it is useful for a ruler to be kept on a desk to help in drawing. Shorter rulers are convenient for keeping in a pocket.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Longer rulers, e.g., 46 cm (18 in), are necessary in some cases. Rigid wooden or plastic <a href="/wiki/Yardstick" class="mw-redirect" title="Yardstick">yardsticks</a>, 1 yard long, and <a href="/wiki/Meter_stick" class="mw-redirect" title="Meter stick">meter sticks</a>, 1 <a href="/wiki/Meter" class="mw-redirect" title="Meter">meter</a> long, are also used. Classically, long <a href="/wiki/Measuring_rod" title="Measuring rod">measuring rods</a> were used for larger projects, now superseded by the <a href="/wiki/Tape_measure" title="Tape measure">tape measure</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surveyor%27s_wheel" title="Surveyor's wheel">the surveyor's wheel</a> or laser <a href="/wiki/Rangefinding_telemeter" class="mw-redirect" title="Rangefinding telemeter">rangefinders</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use_in_geometry">Use in geometry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruler&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Use in geometry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Compass_and_straightedge" class="mw-redirect" title="Compass and straightedge">Compass and straightedge</a></div> <p>In geometry, straight lines between points may be drawn using a straightedge (ruler without any markings on it). Furthermore, it is also used to draw accurate graphs and tables. </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Compass_and_straightedge" class="mw-redirect" title="Compass and straightedge">ruler and compass construction</a> is a construction that uses a ruler and a compass. It is possible to bisect an angle into two equal parts with a ruler and compass. It can be proven, though, that it is impossible to divide an angle into three equal parts using only a compass and straightedge — the problem of <a href="/wiki/Angle_trisection" title="Angle trisection">angle trisection</a>. However, if two marks be allowed on the ruler, the problem becomes solvable. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruler&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nippur-Elle_(Top).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Nippur-Elle_%28Top%29.jpg/330px-Nippur-Elle_%28Top%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="330" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Nippur-Elle_%28Top%29.jpg/495px-Nippur-Elle_%28Top%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Nippur-Elle_%28Top%29.jpg/660px-Nippur-Elle_%28Top%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5068" data-file-height="1390" /></a><figcaption>The Nippur cubit-rod, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 2650 BC</span>, in the <a href="/wiki/Istanbul_Archaeology_Museums" title="Istanbul Archaeology Museums">Archeological Museum</a> of <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>, Turkey</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MaryRose-carpentry_tools1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/MaryRose-carpentry_tools1.jpg/250px-MaryRose-carpentry_tools1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/MaryRose-carpentry_tools1.jpg/330px-MaryRose-carpentry_tools1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/MaryRose-carpentry_tools1.jpg/500px-MaryRose-carpentry_tools1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2652" data-file-height="2178" /></a><figcaption>A wooden carpenter's rule and other tools found on board the 16th-century <a href="/wiki/Carrack" title="Carrack">carrack</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Mary_Rose" title="Mary Rose">Mary Rose</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/History_of_measurement" title="History of measurement">history of measurement</a> many distance units have been used which were based on human body parts such as the <a href="/wiki/Cubit" title="Cubit">cubit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hand_(unit)" title="Hand (unit)">hand</a> and <a href="/wiki/Foot_(unit)" title="Foot (unit)">foot</a> and these units varied in length by era and location.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the late 18th century the <a href="/wiki/Metrication" title="Metrication">metric system</a> came into use and has been adopted to varying degrees in almost all countries in the world. </p><p>The oldest preserved measuring rod is a copper-alloy bar that dates from <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 2650 BC and was found by the German Assyriologist <a href="/wiki/Eckhard_Unger" title="Eckhard Unger">Eckhard Unger</a> while excavating at the <a href="/wiki/Sumer" title="Sumer">Sumerian city</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nippur" title="Nippur">Nippur</a> (present-day Iraq). </p><p>Rulers made of <a href="/wiki/Ivory" title="Ivory">ivory</a> were in use by the <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Valley civilization">Indus Valley civilization</a> period prior to 1500 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-Whitelaw14_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitelaw14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Excavations at <a href="/wiki/Lothal" title="Lothal">Lothal</a> (2400 BC) have yielded one such ruler calibrated to about <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>1.6 millimetres (<span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">16</span></span> in).<sup id="cite_ref-Whitelaw14_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Whitelaw14-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ian Whitelaw holds that the <a href="/wiki/Mohenjo-Daro" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohenjo-Daro">Mohenjo-Daro</a> ruler is divided into units corresponding to 33.5 millimetres (1.32 in) and these are marked out in decimal subdivisions with amazing accuracy, to within 0.13 millimetres (0.005 in). Ancient bricks found throughout the region have dimensions that correspond to these units.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Anton_Ullrich" title="Anton Ullrich">Anton Ullrich</a> invented the folding ruler in 1851. Frank Hunt later made the flexible ruler in 1902.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Curved_and_flexible_rulers">Curved and flexible rulers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruler&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Curved and flexible rulers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The equivalent of a ruler for drawing or reproducing a smooth curve, where it takes the form of a rigid template, is known as a <a href="/wiki/French_curve" title="French curve">French curve</a>. A flexible device that can be bent to the desired shape is known as a <a href="/wiki/Flat_spline" title="Flat spline">flat spline</a>, or (in its more modern incarnation) a <i>flexible curve</i>. Historically, a flexible <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a> rule used by <a href="/wiki/Masonry" title="Masonry">masons</a> that could be bent to the curves of a <a href="/wiki/Molding_(decorative)" title="Molding (decorative)">molding</a> was known as a <a href="/wiki/Lesbian_rule" title="Lesbian rule">lesbian rule</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-oed_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oed-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philosophy">Philosophy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruler&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Philosophy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Wittgenstein" title="Ludwig Wittgenstein">Ludwig Wittgenstein</a> famously used rulers as an example in his discussion of <a href="/wiki/Language-game" class="mw-redirect" title="Language-game">language games</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Philosophical_Investigations" title="Philosophical Investigations">Philosophical Investigations</a></i> (1953). He pointed out that the <a href="/wiki/Metre#International_prototype_metre_bar" title="Metre">standard meter bar</a> in Paris was the criterion against which all other rulers were determined to be one meter long. However, there was no analytical way to demonstrate that the standard meter bar itself was one meter long. It could only be asserted as one meter as part of a language game. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruler&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/40px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg/60px-Nuvola_apps_kalzium.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Science" title="Portal:Science">science portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accuracy_and_precision" title="Accuracy and precision">Accuracy and precision</a> – Characterization of measurement error</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dividing_engine" title="Dividing engine">Dividing engine</a> – Device for marking graduations on measuring instruments</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golomb_ruler" title="Golomb ruler">Golomb ruler</a> – Set of marks along a ruler such that no two pairs of marks are the same distance apart</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Measuring_instrument" class="mw-redirect" title="Measuring instrument">Measuring instrument</a> – Measuring instruments which monitor and control a process<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Measuring_rod" title="Measuring rod">Measuring rod</a> – Tool used to physically measure lengths</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rolling_ruler" title="Rolling ruler">Rolling ruler</a></li> <li>Scales: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architect%27s_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Architect's scale">Architect's scale</a> – Tool used for measuring at a fixed ratio<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metric_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Metric scale">Metric scale</a> – Tool used for measuring at a fixed ratio<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span> and</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engineer%27s_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Engineer's scale">Engineer's scale</a> – Tool used for measuring at a fixed ratio<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Significant_figures" title="Significant figures">Significant figures</a> – Any digit of a number within its measurement resolution, as opposed to spurious digits</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technical_drawing_tool" title="Technical drawing tool">Technical drawing tool</a> – Tools and instruments used for accurate and precise manual drafting</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruler&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/ruler">"ruler noun - Definition, pictures, pronunciation and usage notes - Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary at OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com"</a>. <i>www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171025132533/http://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/english/ruler">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com&rft.atitle=ruler+noun+-+Definition%2C+pictures%2C+pronunciation+and+usage+notes+-+Oxford+Advanced+Learner%27s+Dictionary+at+OxfordLearnersDictionaries.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com%2Fdefinition%2Fenglish%2Fruler&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARuler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=x98DAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA887">"Steel Rule Has Pocket Clip For Use As A Depth Gauge"</a>, <i>Popular Science</i>, December 1935, p. 887 bottom right.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Klein, Herbert A. <i>The science of measurement: a historical survey</i>. Reprint, unabridged, corr. republ. der Ausg. New York, Simon & Schuster, 1974. ed. New York, NY: Dover, 1988. Print.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Whitelaw14-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Whitelaw14_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Whitelaw14_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Whitelaw, p. 14.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Whitelaw, p. 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_1214954">"Flexible Ruler Invented by Frank G. Hunt"</a>. <i>National Museum of National History</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160630014738/http://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/nmah_1214954">Archived</a> from the original on 30 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Museum+of+National+History&rft.atitle=Flexible+Ruler+Invented+by+Frank+G.+Hunt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famericanhistory.si.edu%2Fcollections%2Fsearch%2Fobject%2Fnmah_1214954&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARuler" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oed-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-oed_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFReference-OED-lesbian_rule" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/search/dictionary/?q=lesbian+rule">"lesbian rule"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i> (Online ed.). <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=lesbian+rule&rft.btitle=Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.edition=Online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fsearch%2Fdictionary%2F%3Fq%3Dlesbian%2Brule&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARuler" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary">participating institution membership</a> required.)</span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription required)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ruler&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Cherry, Dan. "Collector's guide to rules", <i>Furniture & Cabinetmaking</i>, no. 259, July 2017, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/ISSN/1365-4292">ISSN 1365-4292</a>, pp. 52–6</li> <li>Rees, Jane and Mark (2010). <i>The Rule Book: Measuring for the Trades</i>. Lakeville, MN: Astragal Press <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-931626-26-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-931626-26-2">978-1-931626-26-2</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/907853704">907853704</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_R._Russell" title="David R. Russell">Russell, David R.</a>; with photography by <a href="/wiki/James_Austin_(photographer)" title="James Austin (photographer)">James Austin</a> and foreword by <a href="/wiki/David_Armstrong-Jones,_Viscount_Linley" class="mw-redirect" title="David Armstrong-Jones, Viscount Linley">David Linley</a> (2010). <i><a href="/wiki/Antique_Woodworking_Tools" title="Antique Woodworking Tools">Antique Woodworking Tools: Their Craftsmanship from the Earliest Times to the Twentieth Century</a></i>, Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/John_Adamson_(publisher)" title="John Adamson (publisher)">John Adamson</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-898565-05-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-898565-05-5">978-1-898565-05-5</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/727125586">727125586</a>, pp. 64–74</li> <li>Whitelaw, Ian (2007). <i>A Measure of All Things: The Story of Man and Measurement</i>. Macmillan <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-312-37026-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-312-37026-1">0-312-37026-1</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/938084552">938084552</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 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href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/ruler" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/ruler">ruler</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" 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title="Laser line level">Laser line level</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_rangefinder#Laser_measuring_tools" title="Laser rangefinder">Laser measuring tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesbian_rule" title="Lesbian rule">Lesbian rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marking_gauge" title="Marking gauge">Marking gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Measuring_rod" title="Measuring rod">Measuring rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meterstick" class="mw-redirect" title="Meterstick">Meterstick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micrometer_(device)" title="Micrometer (device)">Micrometer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plumb_bob" title="Plumb bob">Plumb-bob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goniometer#Protractor" title="Goniometer">Protractor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radius_gauge" title="Radius gauge">Radius gauge</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ruler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Set_square" title="Set square">Set square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skirret_(tool)" title="Skirret (tool)">Skirret</a></li> 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title="Template:Kitchen tools">Kitchen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Machine_and_metalworking_tools" title="Template:Machine and metalworking tools">Machine and metalworking</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Masonry_tools" title="Template:Masonry tools">Masonry</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Measuring_and_alignment_tools" title="Template:Measuring and alignment tools">Measuring and alignment</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Mining_equipment" title="Template:Mining equipment">Mining</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Power_tools" title="Template:Power tools">Power</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Textile_tools" title="Template:Textile tools">Textile</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Woodworking" title="Template:Woodworking">Woodworking</a></dd></dl> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Metalworking238" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Metalworking_navbox" title="Template:Metalworking navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Metalworking_navbox" title="Template talk:Metalworking navbox"><abbr 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navbox/tool"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Metalworking_navbox/tool" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Metalworking navbox/tool"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Metalworking_tools333" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:Metalworking_tools" title="Category:Metalworking tools">Metalworking tools</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Cutting_machines" title="Category:Cutting machines">Cutting machines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandsaw" title="Bandsaw">Bandsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_saw" title="Cold saw">Cold saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_cutting" title="Laser cutting">Laser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miter_saw" title="Miter saw">Miter saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plasma_cutting" title="Plasma cutting">Plasma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_jet_cutter" title="Water jet cutter">Water jet cutter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Metalworking_cutting_tools" title="Category:Metalworking cutting tools">Cutting tools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broaching_(metalworking)" title="Broaching (metalworking)">Broach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burr_(cutter)" title="Burr (cutter)">Burr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chisel" title="Chisel">Chisel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterbore" title="Counterbore">Counterbore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Countersink" title="Countersink">Countersink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/End_mill" title="End mill">End mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_(tool)" title="File (tool)">File</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_scraper" title="Hand scraper">Hand scraper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milling_cutter" title="Milling cutter">Milling cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nibbler" title="Nibbler">Nibbler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxy-fuel_welding_and_cutting" title="Oxy-fuel welding and cutting">Oxy-fuel cutting torch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reamer" title="Reamer">Reamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shear_(sheet_metal)" title="Shear (sheet metal)">Shears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipped_tool" title="Tipped tool">Tipped tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tool_bit" title="Tool bit">Tool bit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Forming tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brake_(sheet_metal_bending)" title="Brake (sheet metal bending)">Brake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_(manufacturing)" title="Die (manufacturing)">Die</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_wheel" title="English wheel">English wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_press" title="Hydraulic press">Hydraulic press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_press" title="Machine press">Machine press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punch_press" title="Punch press">Punch press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screw_press" title="Screw press">Screw press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamping_press" title="Stamping press">Stamping press</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metalworking_hand_tool" title="Metalworking hand tool">Hand tools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clamp_(tool)" title="Clamp (tool)">Clamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combination_square" title="Combination square">Combination square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drift_pin" title="Drift pin">Drift pin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hacksaw" title="Hacksaw">Hacksaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammer" title="Hammer">Hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_scraper" title="Hand scraper">Hand scraper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machinist_square" title="Machinist square">Machinist square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlegun_scaler" title="Needlegun scaler">Needlegun scaler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piercing_saw" title="Piercing saw">Piercing saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pliers" title="Pliers">Pliers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punch_(tool)" title="Punch (tool)">Punch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scriber" title="Scriber">Scriber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tap_and_die" title="Tap and die">Tap and die</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongs" title="Tongs">Tongs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vise" title="Vise">Vise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workbench" title="Workbench">Workbench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrench" title="Wrench">Wrench</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Machine_tool" title="Machine tool">Machine tooling</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angle_plate" title="Angle plate">Angle plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_(engineering)" title="Chuck (engineering)">Chuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collet" title="Collet">Collet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fixture_(tool)" title="Fixture (tool)">Fixture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indexing_head" title="Indexing head">Indexing head</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jig_(tool)" title="Jig (tool)">Jig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lathe_center" title="Lathe center">Lathe center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_taper" title="Machine taper">Machine taper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetic_switchable_device" title="Magnetic switchable device">Magnetic switchable device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandrel" title="Mandrel">Mandrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotary_table" title="Rotary table">Rotary table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiggler_(tool)" title="Wiggler (tool)">Wiggler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Metalworking_measuring_instruments" title="Category:Metalworking measuring instruments">Measuring instruments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bore_gauge" title="Bore gauge">Bore gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calipers" title="Calipers">Caliper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_gauge" title="Center gauge">Center gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indicator_(distance_amplifying_instrument)" title="Indicator (distance amplifying instrument)">Dial indicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engineer%27s_blue" title="Engineer's blue">Engineer's blue</a></li> <li><a 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