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</div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Technical_features-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Technical features subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Technical_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Route" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Route"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Route </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Route-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russian_onshore-pipeline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russian_onshore-pipeline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Russian onshore-pipeline </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russian_onshore-pipeline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Baltic_Sea_offshore_pipeline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baltic_Sea_offshore_pipeline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Baltic Sea offshore pipeline </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baltic_Sea_offshore_pipeline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-German_onshore_pipelines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#German_onshore_pipelines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.4 German onshore pipelines </div> </a> <ul id="toc-German_onshore_pipelines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_aspects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_aspects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Legal aspects </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legal_aspects-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Legal aspects subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Legal_aspects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-EU_gas_directive" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#EU_gas_directive"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 EU gas directive </div> </a> <ul id="toc-EU_gas_directive-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-US_sanctions_and_subsequent_waiver_and_negotiations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#US_sanctions_and_subsequent_waiver_and_negotiations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 US sanctions and subsequent waiver and negotiations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-US_sanctions_and_subsequent_waiver_and_negotiations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regulatory_clearance_by_Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regulatory_clearance_by_Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Regulatory clearance by Germany </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regulatory_clearance_by_Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Suspension_of_certification_by_Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suspension_of_certification_by_Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3.1 Suspension of certification by Germany </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suspension_of_certification_by_Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_Commission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Commission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 European Commission </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_Commission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Controversies </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Controversies subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Political_aspects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_aspects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Political aspects </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_aspects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_opinion_in_Germany" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_opinion_in_Germany"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 Public opinion in Germany </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_opinion_in_Germany-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism_of_US_sanctions_and_obstruction_efforts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism_of_US_sanctions_and_obstruction_efforts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.3 Criticism of US sanctions and obstruction efforts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism_of_US_sanctions_and_obstruction_efforts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role_of_Denmark" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role_of_Denmark"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.4 Role of Denmark </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role_of_Denmark-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opposition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opposition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.5 Opposition </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opposition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stance_of_Germany_and_role_of_the_SPD" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stance_of_Germany_and_role_of_the_SPD"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.6 Stance of Germany and role of the SPD </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stance_of_Germany_and_role_of_the_SPD-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alternative_gas_import_mechanisms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternative_gas_import_mechanisms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.7 Alternative gas import mechanisms </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternative_gas_import_mechanisms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Others" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Others"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.8 Others </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Others-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2022_sabotage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2022_sabotage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.9 2022 sabotage </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2022_sabotage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Nord Stream 2</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 21 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" > 21 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Nord Stream 2" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85_2" title="نورد ستريم 2 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نورد ستريم 2" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA_-_2" title="Северен поток - 2 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Северен поток - 2" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nord Stream 2" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nord Stream 2" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nord Stream 2" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nord Stream 2" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nord Stream 2" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85_%DB%B2" title="نورد استریم ۲ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نورد استریم ۲" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Nord Stream 2" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nord Stream 2" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93_%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D_2" title="נורד סטרים 2 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נורד סטרים 2" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2 – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Nord Stream 2" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2 – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Nord Stream 2" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shimoliy_oqim_2" title="Shimoliy oqim 2 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Shimoliy oqim 2" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nord Stream 2" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nord_Stream_2" title="Nord Stream 2 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nord Stream 2" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA_%E2%80%94_2" title="Северный поток — 2 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Северный поток — 2" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA_2" title="Северни ток 2 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Северни ток 2" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA_%E2%80%94_2" title="Північний потік — 2 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Північний потік — 2" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%BA%AA%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%B7" title="北溪二号 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="北溪二号" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q21644350#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Natural gas pipeline between Russia and Germany</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Nord Stream 2 pipeline. For the first pipeline, see <a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_1" title="Nord Stream 1">Nord Stream 1</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em; background-color:#B0C4DE;">Nord Stream 2</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 300px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="300" data-height="200" data-zoom="4" data-overlays="["_a6d6936a990178376985a7636037f9c878c345e9"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,4,a,a,300x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Nord_Stream_2&revid=1276802160&groups=_a6d6936a990178376985a7636037f9c878c345e9" width="300" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,4,a,a,300x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Nord_Stream_2&revid=1276802160&groups=_a6d6936a990178376985a7636037f9c878c345e9 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Map of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;">Location</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Russia</li><li>Germany</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Nord_Stream_2&params=59_32_46_N_28_09_25_E_region:RU_type:landmark&title=Slavyanskaya+Compressor+Station">59°32′46″N 28°09′25″E / 59.54611°N 28.15694°E / 59.54611; 28.15694 (Slavyanskaya Compressor Station)</a></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Nord_Stream_2&params=54_8_24_N_13_38_23_E_region:DE_type:landmark&title=Landing+in+Lubmin">54°8′24″N 13°38′23″E / 54.14000°N 13.63972°E / 54.14000; 13.63972 (Landing in Lubmin)</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">General direction</th><td class="infobox-data">east–west–south</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">From</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ust-Luga" title="Ust-Luga">Ust-Luga</a>, Russia</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Passes through</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Finland" title="Gulf of Finland">Gulf of Finland</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">To</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lubmin" title="Lubmin">Lubmin</a> near <a href="/wiki/Greifswald" title="Greifswald">Greifswald</a>, Germany</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Natural gas</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li>Inoperable (Pipe A)</li> <li>Inactive (Pipe B)</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Partners</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Uniper" title="Uniper">Uniper</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Wintershall_Dea" title="Wintershall Dea">Wintershall Dea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/OMV" title="OMV">OMV</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Engie" title="Engie">Engie</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Shell_plc" title="Shell plc">Shell</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator</th><td class="infobox-data">Nord Stream 2 AG</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufacturer of pipes</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Salzgitter_AG" title="Salzgitter AG">EUROPIPE</a></li><li>OMK</li><li>Chelyabinsk Pipe-Rolling Plant (Chelpipe)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Installer of pipes</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Allseas" title="Allseas">Allseas</a> (until 21 December 2019)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pipe layer</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pioneering_Spirit" title="Pioneering Spirit">Pioneering Spirit</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Solitaire_(ship)" title="Solitaire (ship)">Solitaire</a></li><li>C10</li><li><a href="/wiki/Akademik_Cherskiy_(ship)" title="Akademik Cherskiy (ship)">Akademik Cherskiy</a></li><li>Fortuna</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Expected</th><td class="infobox-data">unknown<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;">Technical information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">1,234 km (767 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Maximum discharge</th><td class="infobox-data">55 billion m3/a (1.9 trillion cu ft/a)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">1,220 mm (48 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><abbr title="Number">No.</abbr> of compressor stations</th><td class="infobox-data">1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Compressor stations</th><td class="infobox-data">Slavyanskaya</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nord-stream2.com/company/rationale/">www.nord-stream2.com</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Nord Stream 2 (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>–<a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> mixed expression for "North Stream 2"; <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: Северный поток — 2) is a 1,234-kilometre-long (767 mi) <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas_pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Natural gas pipeline">natural gas pipeline</a> from <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> to <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> running through the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a>,<a href="#cite_note-sdm21-2">[2]</a> financed by <a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a> and several European energy companies. Feasibility studies began in 2011 to expand the <a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_1" title="Nord Stream 1">Nord Stream 1</a> line and double annual capacity to 110 billion cubic metres (3.9 trillion cubic feet), with construction beginning in 2018.<a href="#cite_note-Janjevic-3">[3]</a> It was completed in September 2021, but has not yet entered service. Planning and construction of the pipeline were mired in political controversy over fears that Russia would use it, one of 23 pipelines between Europe and Russia,<a href="#cite_note-sdm21-2">[2]</a> for geopolitical advantage with Europe and Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> German Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a> suspended its certification on 22 February 2022,<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> following <a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_the_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic_and_the_Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="International recognition of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic">official recognition</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic" title="Donetsk People's Republic">Donetsk People's Republic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="Luhansk People's Republic">Luhansk People's Republic</a> by the Russian <a href="/wiki/State_Duma" title="State Duma">State Duma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">President Putin</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Prelude_to_the_2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Prelude to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">prelude to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>. On 26 September 2022, Danish and Swedish authorities reported a number of <a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_pipeline_sabotage" class="mw-redirect" title="Nord Stream pipeline sabotage">explosions at pipes A and B of the Nord Stream 1 pipeline and pipe A of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline</a>, with the resulting damage causing significant gas leaks. The <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> considers the incident to be <a href="/wiki/Sabotage" title="Sabotage">sabotage</a> of key European energy infrastructure.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> The Nord Stream explosions also resulted in the worst release of methane gas in human history, with estimates ranging from 100,000 to 400,000 tonnes (220 to 880 million pounds) of methane released into the atmosphere.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> In October 2022, Russia confirmed that Pipe B of the Nord Stream 2 pipeline escaped destruction, and offered to resume gas supply to Europe (which was promptly declined by Berlin).<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Nord Stream 2 never delivered any gas, while Russia suspended gas deliveries through Nord Stream 1 from August 31, 2021, quoting "maintenance needs". This situation became permanent after the destruction of three of the pipelines in September 2022 and sanctions linked to the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> Out of the three separate investigations carried out by Germany, Sweden and Denmark, the latter two were closed without publicly assigned responsibility for the damage in February 2024.<a href="#cite_note-sweinv-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-daninv-13">[13]</a> In June 2024 German authorities issued an arrest warrant for a Ukrainian national suspected of the sabotage, who according to the Polish <a href="/wiki/National_Public_Prosecutor%27s_Office" title="National Public Prosecutor's Office">National Public Prosecutor's Office</a> had since fled to Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> In 2011, Nord Stream AG started evaluation of an expansion project consisting of two additional lines (later named Nord Stream 2) to double the annual capacity up to 110 billion m3 (3.9 trillion cu ft). In August 2012, Nord Stream AG applied to the Finnish and Estonian governments for route studies in their underwater <a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone" title="Exclusive economic zone">exclusive economic zones</a> for the third and fourth lines.<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> It was considered to route the additional pipelines to the United Kingdom but this plan was abandoned.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-pid2-18">[18]</a> In January 2015, Gazprom announced that the expansion project had been put on hold since the existing lines were running at only half capacity due to EU sanctions on Russia over the <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexation of Crimea</a> in 2014.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> In June 2015, an agreement to build Nord Stream 2 was signed between Gazprom, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Dutch_Shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Dutch Shell">Royal Dutch Shell</a>, <a href="/wiki/E.ON" title="E.ON">E.ON</a>, <a href="/wiki/OMV" title="OMV">OMV</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Engie" title="Engie">Engie</a>.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> As the creation of a joint venture was blocked by Poland,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarification needed</a>] in April 2017, Uniper, Wintershall, Engie, OMV and Royal Dutch Shell signed a financing agreement with Nord Stream 2 AG, a subsidiary of Gazprom responsible for the development of the Nord Stream 2 project.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> On 31 January 2018, Germany granted Nord Stream 2 a permit for construction and operation in German waters and for landfall areas near Lubmin.<a href="#cite_note-reuters-22">[22]</a> In May 2018 construction started at the Greifswald end point.<a href="#cite_note-Janjevic-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-reuters-22">[22]</a> In January 2019, the US ambassador in Germany, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Grenell" title="Richard Grenell">Richard Grenell</a>, sent letters to companies involved in the construction of Nord Stream 2 urging them to stop working on the project and threatening them with the possibility of sanctions.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> In December 2019, the Republican Senators <a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Ted Cruz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ron_Johnson" title="Ron Johnson">Ron Johnson</a> also urged <a href="/wiki/Allseas" title="Allseas">Allseas</a> owner <a href="/wiki/Edward_Heerema" title="Edward Heerema">Edward Heerema</a> to suspend the works on the pipeline, warning him that the United States would otherwise impose sanctions.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Cruz formally proposed such a bill to enable sanctions in November 2021.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> In December 2019, Allseas announced that the company had suspended its Nord Stream 2 pipelaying activities, anticipating enactment of the US <a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Authorization_Act_for_Fiscal_Year_2020" title="National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020">National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020</a>, which contained sanctions.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-sanctionsus-27">[27]</a> In May 2020, the German energy regulator refused an exception from <a href="/wiki/Competition_law" title="Competition law">competition rules</a> that require Nord Stream 2 to separate gas ownership from transmission.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> In August 2020, Poland fined Gazprom €50 million due to its lack of cooperation with an investigation launched by UOKiK, the Polish anti-monopoly watchdog. UOKiK cited competition rules against Gazprom and companies financing the project, suspecting that they had continued work on the pipeline without permission from the government of Poland.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> In December 2020, the Russian pipelaying ship <a href="/wiki/Akademik_Cherskiy_(ship)" title="Akademik Cherskiy (ship)">Akademik Cherskiy</a> continued pipe-laying.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> In January, Fortuna, another pipe-layer, joined forces with the Akademik Cherskiy to complete the pipeline.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> On 4 June 2021, Vladimir Putin announced that the pipe-laying for first line of the Nord Stream 2 had been fully completed. On 10 June, the sections of the pipeline were connected.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> The laying of the second line was completed in September 2021.<a href="#cite_note-ns2complete-33">[33]</a> In June 2021, US Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Antony_Blinken" title="Antony Blinken">Antony Blinken</a> said that Nord Stream 2 completion was inevitable. In July 2021, the US urged Ukraine not to criticise a forthcoming agreement with Germany over the pipeline.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> On 20 July, <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> and Angela Merkel reached a conclusive deal that the US may trigger sanctions if Russia used Nord Stream as a "political weapon". The deal aims to prevent Poland and Ukraine from being cut off from Russian gas supplies. Ukraine will receive a $50 million loan for green technology until 2024 and Germany will set up a billion-dollar fund to promote Ukraine's transition to green energy to compensate for the loss of the gas transit fees. The contract for transiting Russian gas through Ukraine will be prolonged until 2034 if the Russian government agrees.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> On 16 November 2021, European natural gas prices rose by 17% after Germany's energy regulator suspended approval of the Nord Stream 2.<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> On 9 December 2021, Polish Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Mateusz_Morawiecki" title="Mateusz Morawiecki">Mateusz Morawiecki</a> called on Germany's newly appointed Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a> to oppose the start-up of Nord Stream 2 and not to give in to pressure from Russia. On a visit to Rome, Morawiecki said: "I will call on Chancellor Scholz not to give in to pressure from Russia and not to allow Nord Stream 2 to be used as an instrument for blackmail against Ukraine, an instrument for blackmail against Poland, an instrument for blackmail against the European Union."<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> Scholz suspended certification of Nord Stream 2 on 22 February 2022 in consequence of Russia's recognition of the <a href="/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic" title="Donetsk People's Republic">Donetsk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="Luhansk People's Republic">Luhansk</a> republics and the deployment of troops in territory held by the DPR and LPR.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> Nord Stream 2 AG filed for bankruptcy on 1 March 2022 and laid off all 106 employees from its headquarters in Zug, Switzerland.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> On 26 September 2022, a massive pressure loss and signs of large gas releases near the Danish island <a href="/wiki/Bornholm" title="Bornholm">Bornholm</a> were reported.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Shortly after, gas leaks from the two pipelines were discovered within the Danish and Swedish <a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone" title="Exclusive economic zone">economic zones</a>. The day after the leaks occurred, Swedish police opened an investigation of the incident, calling it "major sabotage". The investigation is conducted in cooperation with other relevant authorities as well as the <a href="/wiki/Swedish_Security_Service" title="Swedish Security Service">Swedish Security Service</a>.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> A similar investigation was opened in Denmark. The two nations were in close contact, and had also been in contact with other countries in the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_region" title="Baltic region">Baltic region</a> and NATO.<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> <a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_pipeline_sabotage" class="mw-redirect" title="Nord Stream pipeline sabotage">These gas leaks</a> were soon considered to be sabotage. On 29 September 2022, the Swedish Coast Guard confirmed a second leak from Nord Stream 2 very close to a larger leak found earlier on Nord Stream 1.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Development">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Costs_and_financing">Costs and financing</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Costs and financing">edit</a>]</div> For Nord Stream 2, the loan from Uniper, Wintershall Dea, OMV, Engie, and Royal Dutch Shell covers 50 percent of the projected costs of €9.5 billion. The rest is being financed by Gazprom.<a href="#cite_note-ft2404172-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Project_companies">Project companies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Project companies">edit</a>]</div> Nord Stream 2 was developed and is operated by Nord Stream 2 AG, a subsidiary of the Russian state energy company <a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a><a href="#cite_note-ft2404172-48">[48]</a> headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Zug" title="Zug">Zug, Switzerland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contractors">Contractors</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Contractors">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pioneering_Spirit_(_ex_Pieter_Schelte_)_(16057559379).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Pioneering_Spirit_%28_ex_Pieter_Schelte_%29_%2816057559379%29.jpg/220px-Pioneering_Spirit_%28_ex_Pieter_Schelte_%29_%2816057559379%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Pioneering_Spirit_%28_ex_Pieter_Schelte_%29_%2816057559379%29.jpg/330px-Pioneering_Spirit_%28_ex_Pieter_Schelte_%29_%2816057559379%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Pioneering_Spirit_%28_ex_Pieter_Schelte_%29_%2816057559379%29.jpg/440px-Pioneering_Spirit_%28_ex_Pieter_Schelte_%29_%2816057559379%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3795" data-file-height="2243" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pioneering_Spirit" title="Pioneering Spirit">Pioneering Spirit</a> was one of the ships involved in pipelaying.</figcaption></figure> Nord Stream 2 was laid by Allseas using pipe-laying vessels <a href="/wiki/Pioneering_Spirit" title="Pioneering Spirit">Pioneering Spirit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Solitaire_(ship)" title="Solitaire (ship)">Solitaire</a>,<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> except the part of the German offshore section which was laid by Saipem's pipe-laying vessel C10.<a href="#cite_note-nsenergy-51">[51]</a> Pipes were manufactured by EUROPIPE, OMK and the Chelyabinsk Pipe-Rolling Plant (Chelpipe), and were coated by <a href="/wiki/Wasco_Energy" class="mw-redirect" title="Wasco Energy">Wasco Coatings Europe</a>. Blue Water Shipping handled the transportation and storage of pipeline segments in Germany, Finland and Sweden for Wasco. A joint venture of Boskalis and <a href="/wiki/Van_Oord" title="Van Oord">Van Oord</a> did rock placement at the preparatory stage of construction. Kvaerner did the civil and mechanical engineering of the onshore facilities in Russia.<a href="#cite_note-nsenergy-51">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technical_features">Technical features</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Technical features">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Route">Route</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Route">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Country</th> <th>Length</th> <th>Comment</th> <th>Permit</th> <th>Construction </th></tr> <tr> <td>Russian Federation</td> <td>118 km</td> <td>landfall, Baltic Sea (territorial waters)</td> <td></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Finland</td> <td>374 km</td> <td>Baltic Sea (<a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone" title="Exclusive economic zone">Exclusive Economic Zone</a>)</td> <td>2018-04-05 Government Consent for the use of the Finnish EEZ granted, 2018-04-12 permit for pipeline construction and operation according to the Water Act<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a></td> <td>2019-08-21 installation completed<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sweden</td> <td>510 km</td> <td>Baltic Sea (<a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone" title="Exclusive economic zone">Exclusive Economic Zone</a>)</td> <td>2018-06-07 construction and operation permit for the Swedish section of the route<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Denmark</td> <td>147 km</td> <td>Baltic Sea (<a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone" title="Exclusive economic zone">Exclusive Economic Zone</a>)</td> <td>2019-10-30 <a href="/wiki/Danish_Energy_Agency" title="Danish Energy Agency">Danish Energy Agency</a> granted a construction permit for the South-Eastern Route<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Germany</td> <td>85 km</td> <td>Baltic Sea (<a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone_of_Germany" title="Exclusive economic zone of Germany">Exclusive Economic Zone</a> and territorial waters), landfall</td> <td>2018-01-31</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> Except for the Russian and Danish section, the route of Nord Stream 2 follows mainly the route of the <a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_1" title="Nord Stream 1">Nord Stream 1</a> pipeline.<a href="#cite_note-sdm21-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-pid2-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-Espoo_NS22-57">[57]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russian_onshore-pipeline">Russian onshore-pipeline</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Russian onshore-pipeline">edit</a>]</div> To feed Nord Stream 2, 2,866 km (1,781 mi) of new pipeline and three compressor stations were built and five existing compressor stations were expanded.<a href="#cite_note-Espoo_NS22-57">[57]</a> The feeding pipeline starts in Gryazovets and follows the existing route of the Northern Lights pipeline. In <a href="/wiki/Volkhov" title="Volkhov">Volkhov</a>, the pipeline turns south and continues to the Slavyanskaya compressor station near Ust-Luga.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Baltic_Sea_offshore_pipeline">Baltic Sea offshore pipeline</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Baltic Sea offshore pipeline">edit</a>]</div> Nord Stream 2 starts at the Slavyanskaya compressor station near Ust-Luga port, located 2.8 km (1.7 mi) south-east of the village of Bolshoye Kuzyomkino (Narvusi) in the <a href="/wiki/Kingiseppsky_District" title="Kingiseppsky District">Kingiseppsky District</a> of the Leningrad Oblast, in the historical <a href="/wiki/Ingria" title="Ingria">Ingria</a> close to the Estonian border. A 3.2 km (2.0 mi) onshore pipeline runs from the compressor station to the landfall at the <a href="/wiki/Kurgalsky_Peninsula" title="Kurgalsky Peninsula">Kurgalsky Peninsula</a> on the shore of <a href="/wiki/Narva_Bay" title="Narva Bay">Narva Bay</a>.<a href="#cite_note-nsenergy-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-Espoo_NS22-57">[57]</a> The landfall point in Kolganpya (Kolkanpää) at the Soikinsky Peninsula was considered as an alternative.<a href="#cite_note-Espoo_NS22-57">[57]</a> Except for the Russian section, the route of Nord Stream 2 follows mainly the route of Nord Stream 1.<a href="#cite_note-pid2-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-Espoo_NS22-57">[57]</a> From the Russian landfall, a 114 km (71 mi) section runs through Russian territorial waters to the Finnish exclusive economic zone. The Finnish section is 374 km (232 mi) and the following section in the Swedish exclusive economic zone is 510 km (320 mi) long.<a href="#cite_note-nsenergy-51">[51]</a> The 147 km (91 mi) Danish sections runs on the Danish continental shelf southeast of Bornholm.<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a> The German part of the pipeline consists of 85 km (53 mi) of offshore pipeline and 29 km (18 mi) onshore pipeline connecting the landfall with the Nord Stream 2 receiving terminal.<a href="#cite_note-nsenergy-51">[51]</a> Nord Stream 2 has two parallel lines, each with a capacity of 27.5 billion m3 (970 billion cu ft) of natural gas per year.<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-nsenergy-51">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="German_onshore_pipelines">German onshore pipelines</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: German onshore pipelines">edit</a>]</div> Nord Stream 2 is connected to the <a href="/wiki/NEL_pipeline" title="NEL pipeline">NEL pipeline</a> and European Gas Pipeline Link (EUGAL), which runs largely parallel to the <a href="/wiki/OPAL_pipeline" title="OPAL pipeline">OPAL pipeline</a>.<a href="#cite_note-nsenergy-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_aspects">Legal aspects</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Legal aspects">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="EU_gas_directive">EU gas directive</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: EU gas directive">edit</a>]</div> According to the amended EU gas directive, the EU extended its gas market rules to external pipelines entering the EU internal gas market. It applies to all pipelines which were completed after 23 May 2019 when amended directive entered into force.<a href="#cite_note-euractiv260919-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> Additional legal concerns relate to <a href="/wiki/International_trade_law" title="International trade law">international trade law</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> and to the <a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_sea" title="Law of the sea">law of the sea</a> in connection with Nord Stream 2's route through the Danish territorial waters around <a href="/wiki/Bornholm" title="Bornholm">Bornholm</a>.<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a> Nord Stream 2 AG had started legal proceedings in the <a href="/wiki/Court_of_Justice_of_the_European_Union" title="Court of Justice of the European Union">Court of Justice of the European Union</a> to annul the amended directive and also started arbitration against the EU under the <a href="/wiki/Energy_Charter_Treaty" title="Energy Charter Treaty">Energy Charter Treaty</a>.<a href="#cite_note-euractiv260919-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> Although Russia has not ratified the Energy Charter Treaty and has terminated its provisional application, both the EU and Switzerland — a domicile of Nord Stream 2 AG — are contracting parties of it. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="US_sanctions_and_subsequent_waiver_and_negotiations">US sanctions and subsequent waiver and negotiations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: US sanctions and subsequent waiver and negotiations">edit</a>]</div> In June 2017, <a href="/wiki/Countering_America%27s_Adversaries_Through_Sanctions_Act" title="Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act">new US sanctions</a> against Russia targeting the pipeline were passed by a 98–2 majority in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a><a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-ouch-68">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> due to concerns that President Trump would ease existing sanctions on Russia.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> The sanctions were sharply criticized by Germany, France, Austria and the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> who stated that the United States was threatening <a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Energy policy of the European Union">Europe's energy supplies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-71">[71]</a> In a joint statement, Austrian Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Christian_Kern" title="Christian Kern">Christian Kern</a> and German Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Sigmar_Gabriel" title="Sigmar Gabriel">Sigmar Gabriel</a> said, "Europe's energy supply is a matter for Europe, and not for the United States of America."<a href="#cite_note-usnews.com-72">[72]</a> They also said: "To threaten companies from Germany, Austria and other European states with penalties on the US market if they participate in natural gas projects such as Nord Stream 2 with Russia or finance them introduces a completely new and very negative quality into European-American relations."<a href="#cite_note-politico.eu-73">[73]</a> <a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Kocher" title="Isabelle Kocher">Isabelle Kocher</a>, chief executive officer of Engie, criticised American sanctions targeting the projects, and said they were an attempt to promote American gas in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-auto-74">[74]</a> <a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a>, German Finance Minister at the time, called the sanctions "a severe intervention in German and European internal affairs", while the EU spokesman criticized "the imposition of sanctions against EU companies conducting legitimate business."<a href="#cite_note-75">[75]</a> <a href="/wiki/Heiko_Maas" title="Heiko Maas">Heiko Maas</a>, German Foreign Minister at the time, <a href="/wiki/Tweeted" class="mw-redirect" title="Tweeted">tweeted</a> that "European energy policy is decided in Europe, not in the United States". Russian Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Lavrov" title="Sergey Lavrov">Sergey Lavrov</a> also criticized sanctions, saying that <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> "is literally overwhelmed with the desire to do everything to destroy" <a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Russia–United States relations">Russia–United States relations</a>.<a href="#cite_note-76">[76]</a> The German Eastern Business Association said in a statement that "America wants to sell its liquefied gas in Europe, for which Germany is building terminals. Should we arrive at the conclusion that US sanctions are intended to push competitors out of the European market, our enthusiasm for bilateral projects with the US will significantly cool."<a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a> In January 2019, the US ambassador in Germany, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Grenell" title="Richard Grenell">Richard Grenell</a>, sent letters to companies involved in the construction of Nord Stream 2 urging them to stop working on the project and threatening with the possibility of sanctions.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a> In December 2019, the US Congress approved sanctions on companies and governments working on the pipeline, to which German Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Heiko_Maas" title="Heiko Maas">Heiko Maas</a> responded, urging the US not to meddle in European energy policy.<a href="#cite_note-79">[79]</a> Following the US Senate's <a href="/wiki/William_M._(Mac)_Thornberry_National_Defense_Authorization_Act_for_Fiscal_Year_2021#Veto_override" class="mw-redirect" title="William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2021">vote to override the Trump administration's veto of the defense bill containing punitive measures on the pipeline</a>, the US State Department alerted companies of sanctions risk they face, urging them to pull out from the project.<a href="#cite_note-80">[80]</a> According to a PolitiFact "fact check", the sanctions did not impede construction of the pipeline.<a href="#cite_note-:1-81">[81]</a> In December 2019, with overwhelming support from Democrats and Republicans, the US Congress imposed sanctions on any firm aiding in the building of the pipeline as part of the <a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Authorization_Act_for_Fiscal_Year_2020" title="National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2020">annual defense policy bill</a>.<a href="#cite_note-82">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-83">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a><a href="#cite_note-sanctionsus-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a> The pipeline's construction was stalled for a year until Russia secured its own vessels to complete the job.<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a> Following incoming President Joe Biden's inauguration in January 2021, the <a href="/wiki/White_House_Press_Secretary" title="White House Press Secretary">White House</a> reaffirmed long standing US opposition to Nord Stream stating that Biden "continues to believe that Nord Stream 2 is a bad deal for Europe" and that his administration "will be reviewing" new sanctions. According to congressional aides cited in a February report by NBC News, the sanctions enjoyed "strong bipartisan support" on <a href="/wiki/Capitol_Hill" title="Capitol Hill">Capitol Hill</a>.<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a><a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> On 19 May 2021, the United States President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> waived sanctions on Nord Stream 2 AG and its CEO <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Warnig" title="Matthias Warnig">Matthias Warnig</a>, in a move that was opposed by both Republican and Democratic lawmakers,<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> with Republican senator <a href="/wiki/Jim_Risch" title="Jim Risch">Jim Risch</a> saying it was "a gift to Putin and will only weaken the United States".<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> Russian and German officials welcomed the sanctions waiver, but <a href="/wiki/Yuriy_Vitrenko" title="Yuriy Vitrenko">Yuriy Vitrenko</a> of <a href="/wiki/Naftogaz" title="Naftogaz">Naftogaz</a> criticized the move and said Ukraine would press Washington to impose sanctions to stop the pipeline.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> On 25 May at the White House, President Biden told reporters that he waived the sanctions because the pipeline was nearly completed and because they would have hurt relations with Europe.<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> In protest against the Biden administration's policies, senator <a href="/wiki/Ted_Cruz" title="Ted Cruz">Ted Cruz</a> held up dozens of diplomatic nominations, telling CNN "I look forward to lifting the holds just as soon as they impose the sanctions on Nord Stream 2 that are required by federal law."<a href="#cite_note-95">[95]</a><a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> According to PolitiFact, this positive signal to Germany and Russia was accompanied by sanctions on other areas of Russian industry as part of a changing strategy to reopen negotiations over Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-:1-81">[81]</a> On 19 May 2021, the US government waived sanctions against the main company involved in the project, Nord Stream 2 AG, while imposing sanctions on four Russian ships and five other Russian entities.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a> Russian Deputy Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Ryabkov" title="Sergei Ryabkov">Sergei Ryabkov</a> welcomed the move as "a chance for a gradual transition toward the normalisation of our bilateral ties".<a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> Ukrainian President <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelensky" class="mw-redirect" title="Volodymyr Zelensky">Volodymyr Zelensky</a> said he was "surprised" and "disappointed" by Biden's decision.<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Biden also waived sanctions on the Nordstream CEO, Matthias Warnig, an ally of Russian President Vladimir Putin.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> On 22 November 2021, the US State Department announced that it had imposed further sanctions on a Russian vessel and a "Russian-linked entity".<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a> Washington Post reported that Biden obtained a promise from Angela Merkel in summer 2021 and that Nord Stream 2 would not be sanctioned, but that Germany would support other sanctions and that Germany would scrap Nord Stream 2 if Russia invaded Ukraine. By the time Russia invaded in 2022, Olaf Scholz had replaced Merkel, but Scholz kept the promise.<a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a> On 21 July 2021, the US and Germany proposed an agreement to complete the Nord Stream 2 pipeline while shielding Ukraine and other Central and Eastern European countries from any future Russian efforts to use the pipeline as a geopolitical weapon.<a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> The deal was immediately opposed by Ukraine and Poland and US lawmakers on both sides of the aisle, with Foreign Policy reporting that it had become a "lightning rod issue" and that "Biden's post-Trump-era honeymoon period with some Eastern European allies has come to a screeching halt."<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> Deutsche Welle reported that the deal promoted "strong condemnation" from Poland, with government spokesman <a href="/wiki/Piotr_M%C3%BCller" title="Piotr Müller">Piotr Müller</a> saying "We have emphasized from the very beginning that Nord Stream 2 is a geopolitical project that destabilizes the political situation in central and eastern Europe."<a href="#cite_note-:2-107">[107]</a> Lithuanian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Ingrida_%C5%A0imonyt%C4%97" title="Ingrida Šimonytė">Ingrida Šimonytė</a> called the project a "mistake" saying it was not just for its economic impact on Ukraine, but for the EU's increased dependence on a country where there is no rule of law.<a href="#cite_note-:2-107">[107]</a> In September 2021, a group of bipartisan lawmakers in the US House of Representatives attempting to undo Biden's decision to waiver sanctions, introduced an amendment to the defense bill.<a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> In November 2021, a group of Senate Republicans led by senator Risch renewed efforts to impose sanctions on the pipeline, also as an amendment to the <a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Authorization_Act_for_Fiscal_Year_2022" title="National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2022">National Defense Authorization Act</a> (NDAA) defense bill.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> In response, the Biden administration reportedly lobbied Democratic allies to nix the sanctions amendments, and Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Antony_Blinken" title="Antony Blinken">Antony Blinken</a> and top aides reportedly made calls urging senators to kill the sanctions amendments that would remove leeway for a White House waiver.<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a><a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a> Republicans stalled the bill from passing on 29 November, but it passed the next week on 7 December, omitting the sanctions amendments despite strong support for them in Congress.<a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[113]</a> On 13 January 2022, US Senator Ted Cruz introduced a bill to reimpose the waived sanctions regardless whether Russia invaded Ukraine. Democrats favored a more extensive version which would impose a wider range of sanctions besides those on Nord Stream 2. The bill was voted on with 55 senators (49 Republicans, 6 Democrats) in favor, and 44 Democrats who opposed the bill with Senate Foreign Relations Chair Bob Menendez arguing that imposing immediate sanctions centered on Nord Stream 2 regardless if Russia invaded Ukraine would give Putin one less reason not to invade and that sanctions would have to go far beyond Nord Stream to be effective.<a href="#cite_note-Statecraft-114">[114]</a><a href="#cite_note-115">[115]</a> The Cruz bill failed to secure 60 votes needed for passage<a href="#cite_note-116">[116]</a> but Senators continued work towards a bill expanding sanctions far beyond those on Nord Stream. Following reports of <a href="/wiki/Prelude_to_the_2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Prelude to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian troops massing near the border with Ukraine</a> and fears of <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">an invasion</a>, US Secretary of State Antony Blinken announced new sanctions on 23 November, targeting eight people and 17 vessels as "pursuant to PEESA in connection with Nord Stream 2".<a href="#cite_note-117">[117]</a> In order to provide strong incentives for Russia not to invade Ukraine, bill sponsor Senator <a href="/wiki/Bob_Menendez" title="Bob Menendez">Bob Menendez</a> argued that sanctions would have to be devastating to the entire Russian economy, and that every Russian would have to feel them.<a href="#cite_note-Statecraft-114">[114]</a> The wider set of sanctions in Senate bill 3488, "Defending Ukraine Sovereignty Act of 2022"<a href="#cite_note-118">[118]</a> would impose significant compliance challenges for companies doing business in Russia, not just Nord Stream and its European and Russian backers.<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a> Although both parties had reached agreement on central parts of the plan, by mid February Biden and US intelligence agencies were briefing allies and Congressional leaders that Russia would likely invade.<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a> The work on the sanctions bill was paused and replaced with a declaration critical of Russia's provocative and reckless military buildup along Ukraine's border and warning Putin to cease his threats to Ukraine and NATO.<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a> Earlier in the month, Menendez and Senate minority leader <a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">Mitch McConnell</a> had been personally assured during a visit by German Chancellor Scholz that if Russia invaded, Nord Stream 2 would be halted.<a href="#cite_note-auto1-122">[122]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Meeting_with_Federal_Chancellor_of_Germany_Angela_Merkel4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Meeting_with_Federal_Chancellor_of_Germany_Angela_Merkel4.jpg/220px-Meeting_with_Federal_Chancellor_of_Germany_Angela_Merkel4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Meeting_with_Federal_Chancellor_of_Germany_Angela_Merkel4.jpg/330px-Meeting_with_Federal_Chancellor_of_Germany_Angela_Merkel4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Meeting_with_Federal_Chancellor_of_Germany_Angela_Merkel4.jpg/440px-Meeting_with_Federal_Chancellor_of_Germany_Angela_Merkel4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1880" data-file-height="1160" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> criticized the United States's <a href="/wiki/Countering_America%27s_Adversaries_Through_Sanctions_Act" title="Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act">sanctions against Russia</a> that target EU–Russia energy projects.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regulatory_clearance_by_Germany">Regulatory clearance by Germany</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Regulatory clearance by Germany">edit</a>]</div> In late October 2021, the approval of the pipeline was still in process as permits were expected from the German regulatory <a href="/wiki/Federal_Network_Agency" title="Federal Network Agency">Federal Network Agency</a> (Bundesnetzagentur) and finally from the European Commission later that year. The German agency still awaited the processing of applications by the Ukrainian gas company <a href="/wiki/Naftogaz" title="Naftogaz">Naftogaz</a> and the Ukraine gas grid company GTSOU. Poland also voiced opposition to the approval of the pipeline as it feared a lack of Russian gas transits through its territory. However, spokesperson for the German Ministry of Economy Beate Baron said on 22 October 2021 "all the available capacities for natural gas supplies from Russia to Europe are used".<a href="#cite_note-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-125">[125]</a> Earlier that week, the Swiss-based operator confirmed it had filled the first line of the pipeline with "technical" gas. On 21 October 2021, Russian President Vladimir Putin stated that the pipeline would start gas delivery the day after Germany approved it. Regulatory clearance for Nord Stream 2 would double Russia's gas exports to the Baltic and Germany to 110 billion cubic metres (3.9 trillion cubic feet) per year. Economic pressures for its approval in Germany were mounting, as tight supplies and soaring prices increased costs in transportation and heating fuel markets.<a href="#cite_note-126">[126]</a> Approvals for gas delivery through the fully constructed pipeline were further delayed in late November 2021, when Germany required that part of the assets of the Switzerland-registered Nord Stream AG including the pipeline itself to be transferred to a Germany-registered business entity. Concurrently, the <a href="/wiki/US_Department_of_State" class="mw-redirect" title="US Department of State">US Department of State</a> imposed more financial sanctions on Russian companies connected to Nord Stream 2. President Joe Biden earlier waived sanctions on German companies involved in the project.<a href="#cite_note-127">[127]</a> The US and the European Union had accused Russian-owned Gazprom of not having delivered sufficient gas through existing pipelines, while Russia claimed that those pipelines were already delivering natural gas at full capacities.<a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> According to energy analysts, the delay of gas deliveries through Nord Stream 2 had significantly exacerbated the <a href="/wiki/2021_energy_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 energy crisis">2021 energy crisis</a>.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Suspension_of_certification_by_Germany">Suspension of certification by Germany</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Suspension of certification by Germany">edit</a>]</div> In February 2022, Menendez and Senate minority leader <a href="/wiki/Mitch_McConnell" title="Mitch McConnell">Mitch McConnell</a> had been personally assured during a visit by German Chancellor Scholz that if Russia invaded, Nord Stream 2 would be halted.<a href="#cite_note-auto1-122">[122]</a> On 2 March, it was reported that Nord Stream 2 AG, a subsidiary of Russian state-owned gas company <a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a>, had ended business operations and laid off all 106 members of its staff as a result of <a href="/wiki/International_sanctions_during_the_2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="International sanctions during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">sanctions imposed as a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, though earlier reports that it had filed for <a href="/wiki/Bankruptcy" title="Bankruptcy">bankruptcy</a> were denied.<a href="#cite_note-130">[130]</a><a href="#cite_note-131">[131]</a> Royal Dutch Shell, which financed 10% of the project, may have to write off $1 billion if it never opens.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> On 2 March, Wintershall Dea revealed that it had decided to write off its financing of Nord Stream 2, which it highlighted totals around €1 billion.<a href="#cite_note-133">[133]</a> On 7 March, Uniper announced that it had taken the decision to record a full impairment loss on its loan to Nord Stream 2.<a href="#cite_note-rigzone.com-134">[134]</a> The company noted that it will recognize an impairment loss of its loans towards Nord Stream 2 AG in the amount of €987 million.<a href="#cite_note-rigzone.com-134">[134]</a> Nord Stream 2 AG could seek compensation from the German government and international arbitration under the <a href="/wiki/Energy_Charter_Treaty" title="Energy Charter Treaty">Energy Charter Treaty</a> (ECT).<a href="#cite_note-135">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-136">[136]</a> <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Dmitry Medvedev">Dmitry Medvedev</a>, deputy chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Security_Council_of_Russia" title="Security Council of Russia">Security Council of Russia</a> wrote on online social media service <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>: "welcome to the new world where Europeans will soon have to pay 2,000 euros per thousand cubic metres!" suggesting prices were set to double.<a href="#cite_note-137">[137]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_Commission">European Commission</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: European Commission">edit</a>]</div> European Commission President <a href="/wiki/Ursula_von_der_Leyen" title="Ursula von der Leyen">Ursula von der Leyen</a> said the future of the pipeline would depend on Russia's actions in Ukraine. On 19 February 2022 she told the <a href="/wiki/Munich_Security_Conference" title="Munich Security Conference">Munich Security Conference</a> that Europe could not be overly dependent on Russia for its energy needs.<a href="#cite_note-138">[138]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversies">Controversies</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Controversies">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_aspects">Political aspects</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Political aspects">edit</a>]</div> President <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> opposed Nord Stream 2, echoing the policy of his predecessor <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> who opposed Nord Stream 1. The US and European nations such as Ukraine, Poland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania opposed Nord Stream 2 on the grounds that it increased dependence on Russian energy and posed a security threat to the EU. After 2014, these countries further argued that Europe should not be refilling Russia's coffers after it invaded and annexed Crimea.<a href="#cite_note-139">[139]</a> In January 2018, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">United States Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Rex_Tillerson" title="Rex Tillerson">Rex Tillerson</a> reaffirmed the policy, stating US and Poland opposed the Nord Stream 2 pipeline, for the same reasons of European energy security and stability.<a href="#cite_note-140">[140]</a> The Nord Stream 2 pipeline has been opposed by a wide range of US and European leaders, including Ukrainian President <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a>,<a href="#cite_note-more-141">[a]</a><a href="#cite_note-142">[141]</a> Polish Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Mateusz_Morawiecki" title="Mateusz Morawiecki">Mateusz Morawiecki</a>, Slovak President <a href="/wiki/Zuzana_%C4%8Caputov%C3%A1" title="Zuzana Čaputová">Zuzana Čaputová</a>,<a href="#cite_note-143">[142]</a> US President <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a>,<a href="#cite_note-144">[143]</a> former US President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>,<a href="#cite_note-sor20-145">[144]</a> Estonian PM <a href="/wiki/Kaja_Kallas" title="Kaja Kallas">Kaja Kallas</a>,<a href="#cite_note-146">[145]</a> the European Council President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Tusk" title="Donald Tusk">Donald Tusk</a> and former British foreign minister <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian-147">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-Politico-148">[147]</a> Tusk has said that Nord Stream 2 is not in the EU's interests.<a href="#cite_note-euobserver1812152-149">[148]</a> Former Italian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Matteo_Renzi" title="Matteo Renzi">Matteo Renzi</a> and Hungarian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Viktor Orbán</a> have questioned the different treatment of Nord Stream 2 and <a href="/wiki/South_Stream" title="South Stream">South Stream</a> projects.<a href="#cite_note-euobserver1812152-149">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-wsj1812152-150">[149]</a> Some claim that the project violates the long-term declared strategy of the EU to diversify its gas supplies.<a href="#cite_note-nge2303162-151">[150]</a> A letter, signed by the leaders of nine EU countries, was sent to the EC in March 2016, warning that the Nord Stream 2 project contradicts the European energy policy requirements that suppliers to the EU should not control the energy transmission assets, and that access to the energy infrastructure must be secured for non-consortium companies.<a href="#cite_note-reuters1603162-152">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-euobserver1703162-153">[152]</a> An anti-trust investigation against Gazprom started in 2011 revealed a number of "abusive practices" the company applied against various recipients in the EU and Nord Stream 2 was criticized from this angle as strengthening Gazprom's position in the EU even more. European Commission officials expressed the view that "Nord Stream 2 does not enhance [EU] energy security".<a href="#cite_note-154">[153]</a> Sberbank's investment research division in 2018 voiced concerns from Russian stakeholders' perspective, specifically that the project's goals are exclusively political:<a href="#cite_note-155">[154]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote">Gazprom's decisions make perfect sense if the company is assumed to be run for the benefit of its contractors, not for commercial profit. The Power of Siberia, Nord Stream 2 and Turkish Stream are all deeply value-destructive projects that will eat up almost half of Gazprom's investments over the next five years. They are commonly perceived as being foisted on the company by the government pursuing a geopolitical agenda. A more important characteristic that they share, however, is the ability to employ a closely knit group of suppliers in Russia, with little outside supervision.<div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Sberbank CIB, Russian Oil and Gas - Tickling Giants, 2018</cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_opinion_in_Germany">Public opinion in Germany</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Public opinion in Germany">edit</a>]</div> A representative <a href="/wiki/Forsa_Institute" title="Forsa Institute">Forsa</a> study conducted in May 2021 found that 75% of Germans were in favor of the construction of Nord Stream 2, while only 17% were against it.<a href="#cite_note-:0a-156">[155]</a> The survey found that broad support for the completion of the project could be found in all voter groups.<a href="#cite_note-:0a-156">[155]</a> This was after Germany's phase out from nuclear power plants. <table style="margin:0; border:none;"><tbody><tr><td style="border:none; padding:0;"><div class="barbox" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:600px; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,white); color: var(--color-base,black)"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Public support for Nord Stream 2 by party (May 2021)</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:410px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/The_Left_(Germany)" title="The Left (Germany)">DIE LINKE</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#BE3075; width:92%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">92%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Alternative_for_Germany" title="Alternative for Germany">AfD</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#00A2DE; width:84%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">84%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">FDP</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#FFED00; width:82%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">82%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/CDU/CSU" title="CDU/CSU">CDU/CSU</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#151518; width:81%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">81%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">SPD</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#E3000F; width:75%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">75%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_%2790/The_Greens" class="mw-redirect" title="Alliance '90/The Greens">B'90/GRÜNE</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#409A3C; width:69%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">69%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Criticism_of_US_sanctions_and_obstruction_efforts">Criticism of US sanctions and obstruction efforts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Criticism of US sanctions and obstruction efforts">edit</a>]</div> The Ost-Ausschuss der Deutschen Wirtschaft (Committee on Eastern European Economic Relations) criticised that US sanctions and obstruction efforts were thus threatening democratic processes in Germany and Europe, endangering Germany's interests, and causing damages estimated to be several billion euros at the expense of European taxpayers and businesses.<a href="#cite_note-157">[156]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Role_of_Denmark">Role of Denmark</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Role of Denmark">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Denmark_and_Nord_Stream_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Denmark and Nord Stream II">Denmark and Nord Stream II</a></div> While Denmark had all the natural gas it needed, it became the centre of the geopolitical conflict due to Bornholm.<a href="#cite_note-:0-158">[157]</a> Denmark has maritime territorial rights in the waters south of Bornholm, where the Nord Stream 2 consortium wanted to build, parallel to the already existing gas line Nord Stream 1.<a href="#cite_note-:0-158">[157]</a> While the US is Denmark's most significant security ally, Germany is arguably the most important <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">EU</a> partner for Denmark, which meant that Denmark was in an undesirable position, where its closest allies had conflicting interests. An official application for the route was received in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-:4-159">[158]</a> After the application, the Danish Parliament added an amendment to the Continental Shelf legislation, so that security and foreign policy considerations could be weighed together with environmental and economic considerations when assessed applications for submarine pipelines in the Danish territorial Sea. Thus the application for the initial route through Danish territorial sea ended on the Danish Minister of Foreign Affairs' table, where it laid for so long that the consortium behind Nord Stream 2 ended up withdrawing its application in 2018.<a href="#cite_note-:0-158">[157]</a> A permit was given in 2019 for an alternative southeastern route in the Danish exclusive economic zone.<a href="#cite_note-:4-159">[158]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opposition">Opposition</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Opposition">edit</a>]</div> Nord Stream 2 faced opposition from Western politicians outside Germany, who saw it as an instrument of Russian influence in German and European politics. Common reasons for the opposition to Nord Stream 2 are negative historical relations with Russia and strongly supporting common and shared EU positions towards Russia.<a href="#cite_note-160">[159]</a> President of the European Council <a href="/wiki/Donald_Tusk" title="Donald Tusk">Donald Tusk</a> said that Nord Stream 2 is not in the EU's interests.<a href="#cite_note-euobserver1812152-149">[148]</a> Italian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Matteo_Renzi" title="Matteo Renzi">Matteo Renzi</a> and Hungarian Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Orb%C3%A1n" title="Viktor Orbán">Viktor Orbán</a> have questioned the different treatment of Nord Stream 2 and <a href="/wiki/South_Stream" title="South Stream">South Stream</a> projects.<a href="#cite_note-euobserver1812152-149">[148]</a><a href="#cite_note-wsj1812152-150">[149]</a> Some claim that the project violates the long-term declared strategy of the EU to diversify its gas supplies.<a href="#cite_note-nge2303162-151">[150]</a> A letter, signed by the leaders of nine EU countries, was sent to the EC in March 2016, warning that the Nord Stream 2 project contradicts the European energy policy requirements that suppliers to the EU should not control the energy transmission assets, and that access to the energy infrastructure must be secured for non-consortium companies.<a href="#cite_note-reuters1603162-152">[151]</a><a href="#cite_note-euobserver1703162-153">[152]</a> <a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Kocher" title="Isabelle Kocher">Isabelle Kocher</a>, chief executive officer of Engie, criticised American sanctions targeting the projects, and said they were an attempt to promote American gas in Europe.<a href="#cite_note-auto-74">[74]</a> In June 2017, Germany and <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> criticized the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a> over <a href="/wiki/Countering_America%27s_Adversaries_Through_Sanctions_Act" title="Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act">new sanctions</a> against Russia that target the planned Nord Stream 2 <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_natural_gas_exports" title="List of countries by natural gas exports">gas pipeline</a> from Russia to Germany,<a href="#cite_note-161">[160]</a><a href="#cite_note-ouch-68">[68]</a> stating that the United States was threatening <a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_the_European_Union" title="Energy policy of the European Union">Europe's energy supplies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-162">[161]</a> In a joint statement Austria's Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Christian_Kern" title="Christian Kern">Christian Kern</a> and Germany's Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Sigmar_Gabriel" title="Sigmar Gabriel">Sigmar Gabriel</a> said that "Europe's energy supply is a matter for Europe, and not for the United States of America."<a href="#cite_note-usnews.com-72">[72]</a> They also said: "to threaten companies from Germany, Austria and other European states with penalties on the U.S. market if they participate in natural gas projects such as Nord Stream 2 with Russia or finance them introduces a completely new and very negative quality into European-American relations."<a href="#cite_note-politico.eu-73">[73]</a> In January 2018, <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">United States Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Rex_Tillerson" title="Rex Tillerson">Rex Tillerson</a> said that the U.S. and <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> oppose the Nord Stream 2 pipeline, saying they see it as undermining Europe's overall <a href="/wiki/Energy_security" title="Energy security">energy security</a> and stability.<a href="#cite_note-163">[162]</a> The Nord Stream 2 pipeline was also opposed by Ukrainian President <a href="/wiki/Petro_Poroshenko" title="Petro Poroshenko">Petro Poroshenko</a>, Polish Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Mateusz_Morawiecki" title="Mateusz Morawiecki">Mateusz Morawiecki</a>, U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>, the European Council President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Tusk" title="Donald Tusk">Donald Tusk</a> and British Foreign Secretary <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian-147">[146]</a><a href="#cite_note-Politico-148">[147]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stance_of_Germany_and_role_of_the_SPD">Stance of Germany and role of the SPD</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Stance of Germany and role of the SPD">edit</a>]</div> Questions have mounted about the links between the pipeline project, leaders of Germany's <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">Social Democratic Party</a> (SPD), and Moscow. One of the last acts of former Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Gerhard Schröder">Gerhard Schröder</a> in office was to sign the deal creating the <a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_1" title="Nord Stream 1">Nord Stream 1</a> project in 2005. Schröder subsequently became chairman of the company behind it and took several directorial positions in Russian energy companies in the following years. In more recent years, opposition to his lobbying became more heated across Germany.<a href="#cite_note-:3-164">[163]</a> The project was supported by the northeastern German state of <a href="/wiki/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern" title="Mecklenburg-Vorpommern">Mecklenburg-Vorpommern</a>, the landfall site for the line, and where former Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a> had her constituency. In 2019 the US sanctioned German companies and individuals helping to build the line. In January 2021, state premier <a href="/wiki/Manuela_Schwesig" title="Manuela Schwesig">Manuela Schwesig</a> set up the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Climate_and_Environmental_Protection_Foundation_of_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Climate and Environmental Protection Foundation of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (page does not exist)">Climate and Environmental Protection Foundation of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern </a> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stiftung_Klima-_und_Umweltschutz_MV" class="extiw" title="de:Stiftung Klima- und Umweltschutz MV">de </a>] to "acquire, manage, own, provide or let land, tools and machines to help the completion" of the pipeline. In 2022, questions mounted about the foundation, its association with <a href="/wiki/Gazprom" title="Gazprom">Gazprom</a> and its activities that helped companies helping to build the project evade US sanctions. On 24 February 2022, the <a href="/wiki/Bundesrechnungshof" title="Bundesrechnungshof">German Court of Auditors</a> expressed concern about the foundation, which said it would stop helping the pipeline project, declining to say what it had done so far. Public records showed it purchased a ship to complete the laying of pipeline in the Baltic.<a href="#cite_note-:3-164">[163]</a> In January 2022, the new German Chancellor Olaf Scholz, who long supported the project,[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] came under pressure to block the project at the 2022 EU summit.<a href="#cite_note-165">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-166">[165]</a> Amid reported misgivings of many in the Biden administration about Berlin's stance on Russia, Chancellor Scholz visited the US for what Foreign Policy called a "salvage mission".<a href="#cite_note-167">[166]</a> After avoiding the pipeline issue at a press conference at the White House on 7 February, Scholz responded to repeated questions from reporters saying the US and Germany were "absolutely united", while Biden went further and said that the Nord Stream 2 project would end if Russia invaded Ukraine.<a href="#cite_note-168">[167]</a><a href="#cite_note-169">[168]</a><a href="#cite_note-170">[169]</a> Following the meeting with Biden and ahead of a meeting scheduled with Russian President Vladimir Putin for 15 February, Scholz faced criticism in the media for refusing to say openly that Germany would cancel the pipeline in the event of a <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, though others said it was due to diplomatic tactics or legal concern.<a href="#cite_note-171">[170]</a><a href="#cite_note-172">[171]</a> Following the Scholz and Putin meeting in Moscow, Putin said the pipeline would cement European energy security, and that it is "purely commercial".<a href="#cite_note-173">[172]</a> Scholz then visited Kyiv to meet Ukrainian president Zelenskyy and was accused[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">by whom?</a>] of using the "Merkel playbook"[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">further explanation needed</a>] when avoiding questions about the pipeline at a joint press conference.<a href="#cite_note-174">[173]</a> In February 2023 internal audit of tax authorities in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania revealed that tax declarations by a Gazprom-funded climate foundation were missing, initially declared as lost, then ultimately found at home of one of the tax office employees who subsequently burned it in her fireplace.<a href="#cite_note-175">[174]</a> In 2024 German media released documents which indicated that top politicians from SPD lobbied for the project and supported its investors in spite of official stance being that the German state considers it exclusively as a "private business project". <a href="/wiki/German_Greens" class="mw-redirect" title="German Greens">German Greens</a> demanded a parliamentary commission to investigate this involvement.<a href="#cite_note-176">[175]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alternative_gas_import_mechanisms">Alternative gas import mechanisms</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Alternative gas import mechanisms">edit</a>]</div> As a result of the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a> and the <a href="/wiki/2022_global_gas_crises" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 global gas crises">global natural gas supply crises</a>, on 27 February, German Chancellor <a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Olaf Scholz</a> announced that Germany would build two LNG terminals for seaborne LNG imports quickly, one at <a href="/wiki/Brunsb%C3%BCttel" title="Brunsbüttel">Brunsbüttel</a> and another at <a href="/wiki/Wilhelmshaven" title="Wilhelmshaven">Wilhelmshaven</a>.<a href="#cite_note-177">[176]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Wilhelmshaven_LNG_terminal" title="Wilhelmshaven LNG terminal">Wilhelmshaven LNG terminal</a> opened and became operational in December 2022.<a href="#cite_note-guardian20220808-178">[177]</a> By August 2022, this had expanded to plans to open facilities at five floating LNG facilities in Germany as soon as practicable.<a href="#cite_note-guardian20220808-178">[177]</a> Unusually, <a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_assessments" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental impact assessments">environmental impact assessments</a> are being explicitly skipped according to <a href="/wiki/Robert_Habeck" title="Robert Habeck">Robert Habeck</a>, a <a href="/wiki/German_green_party" class="mw-redirect" title="German green party">Green party</a> politician and the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Ministry_for_Economic_Affairs_and_Climate_Action" title="Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action">economic affairs minister</a> in the current German government, saying "ensuring Germany was no longer blackmailable by <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Putin</a> had to take priority."<a href="#cite_note-guardian20220808-178">[177]</a> The Wilhemshaven terminal alone is sized to receive approximately 80 LNG tankers each year, which could substitute for up to half of the gas imports that the German energy company <a href="/wiki/Uniper" title="Uniper">Uniper</a> formerly imported from Russia, and could supply approximately eight percent of early-2022 German gas <a href="/wiki/Demand_(economics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Demand (economics)">demand</a>.<a href="#cite_note-guardian20220808-178">[177]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Others">Others</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Others">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a> warned that Europe was becoming more dependent on Russia while its own reserves decline.<a href="#cite_note-179">[178]</a> Vincent Roberti<a href="#cite_note-180">[179]</a> of Roberti Global and Walker Roberts<a href="#cite_note-181">[180]</a> of <a href="/wiki/BGR_Group" title="BGR Group">BGR Group</a> have received more than $5 million and $1.3 million respectively to lobby the US Congress for the gas project.<a href="#cite_note-182">[181]</a><a href="#cite_note-183">[182]</a> In 2024 German FAZ published results of investigation indicating that the certification for Nord Stream 2 construction was issued in conflict on interest and involving political pressure and various personal-business connections, and it likely should have never been granted.<a href="#cite_note-184">[183]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2022_sabotage">2022 sabotage</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: 2022 sabotage">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_pipeline_sabotage" class="mw-redirect" title="Nord Stream pipeline sabotage">Nord Stream pipeline sabotage</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:June_2020_Baltic_Fleet_submarine_rescue_exercise_-_Kashtan-class_SS-750_launching_AS-26_DSRV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/June_2020_Baltic_Fleet_submarine_rescue_exercise_-_Kashtan-class_SS-750_launching_AS-26_DSRV.jpg/220px-June_2020_Baltic_Fleet_submarine_rescue_exercise_-_Kashtan-class_SS-750_launching_AS-26_DSRV.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/June_2020_Baltic_Fleet_submarine_rescue_exercise_-_Kashtan-class_SS-750_launching_AS-26_DSRV.jpg/330px-June_2020_Baltic_Fleet_submarine_rescue_exercise_-_Kashtan-class_SS-750_launching_AS-26_DSRV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/June_2020_Baltic_Fleet_submarine_rescue_exercise_-_Kashtan-class_SS-750_launching_AS-26_DSRV.jpg/440px-June_2020_Baltic_Fleet_submarine_rescue_exercise_-_Kashtan-class_SS-750_launching_AS-26_DSRV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>The Russian salvage ship <a href="/wiki/SS-750" class="mw-redirect" title="SS-750">SS-750</a> with its mini-submarine was observed by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Danish_Navy" title="Royal Danish Navy">Danish Navy</a> at the site of the sabotage four days before the explosions</figcaption></figure> On 26 September 2022, <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> almost simultaneously reported four gas leaks from <a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_1" title="Nord Stream 1">Nord Stream 1</a> and 2 in the Baltic Sea; two leaks in the economic zone of each country. Despite the fact that Nord Stream 1 was shut down and Nord Stream 2 had not commenced transporting gas, there was gas under pressure in each of the four pipes, most of it methane. More than half of the gas had already leaked out at the time of reporting, and there were no containment mechanisms in the pipelines – the rest of the gas was expected to leak out before 1 October. By 10 October, some gas was still seeped out of Nord Stream 2, with a surface plume 15 metres (49 ft) wide.<a href="#cite_note-185">[184]</a> The European Union released a statement accusing the Russian Federation of sabotaging the pipeline as retaliation for the EU's support of Ukraine during the <a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>. Andrew Baxter, director of energy strategy for the Environmental Defense Fund, said he estimated that about 115,000 tonnes (250 million pounds) of methane had been released into the environment. To date, this may be the largest gas leak in human history. According to German estimates, about 300,000 tonnes (660 million pounds) of methane, which is one of the most potent <a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_gas" title="Greenhouse gas">greenhouse gases</a> (more potent than CO2), was emitted into the atmosphere. This amount of gas is enough to affect the environment for another 20 years, with an annual gas emission capacity of 5.48 million combustion-engined cars.<a href="#cite_note-186">[185]</a> On 29 September, Russian President Vladimir Putin said the "unprecedented sabotage" against the Nord Stream gas pipelines was "an act of international terrorism" carried out by the West, US forces specifically,<a href="#cite_note-187">[186]</a><a href="#cite_note-188">[187]</a> claiming the United States would have "much to gain from sabotaging the pipelines" <a href="#cite_note-189">[188]</a> even offering to keep supplying the EU by the only Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline that remained operable.<a href="#cite_note-190">[189]</a><a href="#cite_note-191">[190]</a> The charge was promptly and vehemently denied by both US and its NATO allies.<a href="#cite_note-192">[191]</a> While not directly pointing fingers at Russia, European leaders have suggested a foreign attempt to "<a href="/wiki/Energy_blackmail" title="Energy blackmail">energy blackmail</a>" NATO citizens into withdrawing their support in Ukraine while noting that it is Russia, not Europe, that benefits from chaos in the energy markets and the war.<a href="#cite_note-193">[192]</a> Two artificial craters, 248 metres (814 ft) apart, each with a depth of 3 to 5 metres (9.8 to 16.4 ft) were found on the seabed with pipeline debris scattered up to 250 metres (820 ft) away.<a href="#cite_note-194">[193]</a> In February 2023, investigative journalist <a href="/wiki/Seymour_Hersh" title="Seymour Hersh">Seymour Hersh</a> published an article based on a single unnamed source alleging the attack was carried out utilizing American and Norwegian assets.<a href="#cite_note-Hersh-1-195">[194]</a><a href="#cite_note-Hersh-2-196">[195]</a> Several factual inaccuracies in Hersh's post have been pointed out by the Norwegian media, including the claim that Alta-class <a href="/wiki/Mine_sweeper" class="mw-redirect" title="Mine sweeper">mine sweepers</a> had participated in <a href="/wiki/BALTOPS#BALTOPS_2022_(51st)" title="BALTOPS">BALTOPS 22</a>, or the claim that <a href="/wiki/Jens_Stoltenberg" title="Jens Stoltenberg">Jens Stoltenberg</a> had been cooperating with US intelligence services since the Vietnam War, despite him being only 16 years old when it ended.<a href="#cite_note-197">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-Klungtveit_2023-198">[197]</a> On 17 February 2023, Russia formally submitted a proposal to the Security Council of the United Nations calling for an investigation into the Nord Stream sabotage, and reiterated its request on 20 February 2023.<a href="#cite_note-199">[198]</a> On 6 June 2023, it was reported that a European ally had sent intelligence to the US, informing them that the Ukrainian military was plotting an attack on the Nord Stream natural gas pipelines, three months before the pipelines were attacked. According to the intelligence, the plan to attack the pipeline was "put on hold" and that Ukraine's commander in chief, <a href="/wiki/Valerii_Zaluzhnyi" title="Valerii Zaluzhnyi">Valerii Zaluzhnyi</a> "was put in charge" of the operation so that Ukraine's president, Volodymyr Zelensky, could not be aware of it.<a href="#cite_note-200">[199]</a><a href="#cite_note-201">[200]</a> The Washington Post reported in November 2023 that Roman Chervinsky, a colonel in Ukraine's Special Operations Forces, had coordinated the Nord Stream pipeline attack.<a href="#cite_note-reuters.com-202">[201]</a><a href="#cite_note-washingtonpost.com-203">[202]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Stream" title="Blue Stream">Blue Stream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes" title="Russia–Ukraine gas disputes">Russia–Ukraine gas disputes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TurkStream" title="TurkStream">TurkStream</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamal%E2%80%93Europe_pipeline" title="Yamal–Europe pipeline">Yamal–Europe pipeline</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-more-141"><a href="#cite_ref-more_141-0">^</a> Ukraine has 11 pipelines with Russia and a further 3 with Russia through Belarus, Poland has 4 pipelines with Russia through Belarus and Ukraine, Slovakia has 1 pipeline with Russia through Ukraine, and Estonia has 3 pipelines with Russia.<a href="#cite_note-sdm21-2">[2]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Nord_Stream_2&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/ukraine-crisis-germany-halts-nord-stream-2-approval/a-60867443">"Ukraine crisis: Germany halts Nord Stream 2 approval"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Welle" title="Deutsche Welle">Deutsche Welle</a>. 22 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Ukraine+crisis%3A+Germany+halts+Nord+Stream+2+approval&rft.date=2022-02-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fukraine-crisis-germany-halts-nord-stream-2-approval%2Fa-60867443&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANord+Stream+2" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sdm21-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sdm21_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sdm21_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sdm21_2-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-sdm21_2-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://entsog.eu/sites/default/files/2022-01/ENTSOG_GIE_SYSDEV_2020-2021.pdf">"Gas Infrastructure Europe – System Development Map 2022/2021"</a> (PDF). European Network of Transmission System Operators for Gas (ENTSOG). December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220924231209/https://entsog.eu/sites/default/files/2022-01/ENTSOG_GIE_SYSDEV_2020-2021.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 24 September 2022. Retrieved 7 October 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=European+Network+of+Transmission+System+Operators+for+Gas+%28ENTSOG%29&rft.atitle=Gas+Infrastructure+Europe+%E2%80%93+System+Development+Map+2022%2F2021&rft.date=2021-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fentsog.eu%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F2022-01%2FENTSOG_GIE_SYSDEV_2020-2021.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANord+Stream+2" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Janjevic-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Janjevic_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Janjevic_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJanjevic2018" class="citation news cs1">Janjevic, Darko (14 July 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dw.com/en/nord-stream-2-gas-pipeline-what-is-the-controversy-about/a-44677741">"Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline – What is the controversy about?"</a>. Deutsche Welle. 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Retrieved 29 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Nord+Stream+2+%E2%80%93+What+is+the+controversy+about%3F&rft.date=2018-07-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dw.com%2Fen%2Fnord-stream-2-gas-pipeline-what-is-the-controversy-about%2Fa-44677741&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANord+Stream+2" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.zdf.de/nachrichten/politik/scholz-russland-ukraine-100.html">"Scholz zu Russland-Sanktionen: Deutschland stoppt Nord Stream 2"</a> [Scholz on Russia sanctions: Germany stops Nord Stream 2]. ZDFheute (in German). Zweites Deutsches Fernsehen. 22 February 2022. Retrieved 24 August 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ZDFheute&rft.atitle=Scholz+zu+Russland-Sanktionen%3A+Deutschland+stoppt+Nord+Stream+2&rft.date=2022-02-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.zdf.de%2Fnachrichten%2Fpolitik%2Fscholz-russland-ukraine-100.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANord+Stream+2" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-63057966">"Nord Stream leaks: Sabotage to blame, says EU"</a>. BBC News. 28 September 2022. Retrieved 29 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Nord+Stream+leaks%3A+Sabotage+to+blame%2C+says+EU&rft.date=2022-09-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-63057966&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANord+Stream+2" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBenshoff" class="citation news cs1">Benshoff, Laura. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2022/10/04/1126562195/the-nord-stream-pipelines-have-stopped-leaking-but-the-methane-emitted-broke-rec">"The Nord Stream pipelines have stopped leaking. But the methane emitted broke records"</a>. NPR.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NPR&rft.atitle=The+Nord+Stream+pipelines+have+stopped+leaking.+But+the+methane+emitted+broke+records&rft.aulast=Benshoff&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2022%2F10%2F04%2F1126562195%2Fthe-nord-stream-pipelines-have-stopped-leaking-but-the-methane-emitted-broke-rec&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANord+Stream+2" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2022/10/12/putin-offers-to-boost-gas-supplies-to-europe-via-nord-stream-2">"Putin offers to boost gas supplies to Europe via Nord Stream 2"</a>. www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved 23 February 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.aljazeera.com&rft.atitle=Putin+offers+to+boost+gas+supplies+to+Europe+via+Nord+Stream+2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2022%2F10%2F12%2Fputin-offers-to-boost-gas-supplies-to-europe-via-nord-stream-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANord+Stream+2" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHemickerKäppel2022" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hemicker, Lorenz; Käppel, Janina (5 October 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221006000354/https://www.faz.net/aktuell/politik/ukraine-liveticker-medien-neues-massengrab-in-der-ostukraine-gefunden-18134628.html">"Russland bestätigt Einsatzbereitschaft von Nord Stream 2"</a> [Russia confirms Nord Stream 2 is operable]. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (in German). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.faz.net/aktuell/politik/ukraine-liveticker-russland-bestaetigt-einsatzbereitschaft-von-nord-stream-2-18134628.html">the original</a> on 6 October 2022. <q>Ende September kam es zu Explosionen unter Wasser an der Ostseepipeline. Dabei wurden beide Stränge der Pipeline Nord Stream 1 und ein Strang von Nord Stream 2 leck geschlagen.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frankfurter+Allgemeine+Zeitung&rft.atitle=Russland+best%C3%A4tigt+Einsatzbereitschaft+von+Nord+Stream+2&rft.date=2022-10-05&rft.aulast=Hemicker&rft.aufirst=Lorenz&rft.au=K%C3%A4ppel%2C+Janina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm.faz.net%2Faktuell%2Fpolitik%2Fukraine-liveticker-russland-bestaetigt-einsatzbereitschaft-von-nord-stream-2-18134628.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANord+Stream+2" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/gazprom-nord-stream-leaks-stop-gas-supply-could-resume-single-line-2022-10-03/">"Gazprom: Nord Stream leaks stop, gas supply could resume on single line"</a>. 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Retrieved 12 February 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Sweden+Closes+Investigation+of+Pipeline+Blasts%2C+but+Stays+Silent+on+Cause&rft.date=2024-02-07&rft.aulast=Ruiz&rft.aufirst=Rebecca+R.&rft.au=Sanger%2C+David+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2024%2F02%2F07%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fsweden-nord-stream-pipeline.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANord+Stream+2" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-daninv-13"><a href="#cite_ref-daninv_13-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGozzi2024" class="citation news cs1">Gozzi, Laura (26 February 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-68401870">"Nord Stream: Denmark closes investigation into pipeline blast"</a>. BBC News. BBC. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240304214723/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-68401870">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2024. Retrieved 4 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Nord+Stream%3A+Denmark+closes+investigation+into+pipeline+blast&rft.date=2024-02-26&rft.aulast=Gozzi&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-68401870&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANord+Stream+2" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoreWlodarczak-semczuk2024" class="citation news cs1">More, Rachel; Wlodarczak-semczuk, Anna (14 August 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/germany-issues-arrest-warrant-ukrainian-diver-nord-stream-probe-media-report-2024-08-14/">"Poland received German request to arrest Nord Stream suspect but he's left country, prosecutors say"</a>. Reuters. 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.navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Pipeline_systems_of_Russia_by_year_of_launch140" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pipeline_Systems_of_Russia" title="Template:Pipeline Systems of Russia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pipeline_Systems_of_Russia" title="Template talk:Pipeline Systems of Russia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pipeline_Systems_of_Russia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pipeline Systems of Russia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Pipeline_systems_of_Russia_by_year_of_launch140" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Pipeline_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipeline transport">Pipeline systems</a> of <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> by year of launch</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">Natural gas</a> pipelines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saratov%E2%80%93Moscow_pipeline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saratov–Moscow pipeline (page does not exist)">Saratov–Moscow pipeline</a> (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Asia%E2%80%93Center_gas_pipeline_system" title="Central Asia–Center gas pipeline system">Central Asia–Center</a> (1960–1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Lights_(pipeline)" title="Northern Lights (pipeline)">Northern Lights</a> (1975–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urengoy%E2%80%93Pomary%E2%80%93Uzhhorod_pipeline" title="Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline">Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamal%E2%80%93Europe_pipeline" title="Yamal–Europe pipeline">Yamal–Europe pipeline</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Stream" title="Blue Stream">Blue Stream</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzuarikau%E2%80%93Tskhinvali_pipeline" title="Dzuarikau–Tskhinvali pipeline">Dzuarikau–Tskhinvali pipeline</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozdok%E2%80%93Makhachkala%E2%80%93Kazi_Magomed_pipeline" title="Mozdok–Makhachkala–Kazi Magomed pipeline">Baku–Novo Filya pipeline</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamal_project#Trunk_pipelines" title="Yamal project">Bovanenkovo–Ukhta</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nord_Stream_1" title="Nord Stream 1">Nord Stream 1</a> (2011–2012)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nord Stream 2</a> (suspended)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakhalin%E2%80%93Khabarovsk%E2%80%93Vladivostok_pipeline" title="Sakhalin–Khabarovsk–Vladivostok pipeline">Sakhalin–Khabarovsk–Vladivostok pipeline</a> (2011–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Stream" title="South Stream">South Stream</a> (cancelled)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_of_Siberia" title="Power of Siberia">Power of Siberia</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TurkStream" title="TurkStream">TurkStream</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altai_gas_pipeline" title="Altai gas pipeline">Altai gas pipeline</a> (proposed)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png/107px-Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png" decoding="async" width="107" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png/161px-Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png/214px-Major_russian_gas_pipelines_to_europe.png 2x" data-file-width="771" data-file-height="807" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">Petroleum</a> (oil) pipelines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grozny%E2%80%93Tuapse_oil_pipeline" title="Grozny–Tuapse oil pipeline">Grozny–Tuapse oil pipeline</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tikhoretsk%E2%80%93Tuapse_pipeline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tikhoretsk–Tuapse pipeline (page does not exist)">Tikhoretsk–Tuapse pipeline</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Druzhba_pipeline" title="Druzhba pipeline">Druzhba pipeline</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uzen%E2%80%93Atyrau%E2%80%93Samara_pipeline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uzen–Atyrau–Samara pipeline (page does not exist)">Uzen–Atyrau–Samara pipeline</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baku%E2%80%93Novorossiysk_pipeline" title="Baku–Novorossiysk pipeline">Baku–Novorossiysk pipeline</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Pipeline_System" title="Baltic Pipeline System">Baltic Pipeline System</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Pipeline_Consortium" title="Caspian Pipeline Consortium">Caspian Pipeline Consortium</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Siberia%E2%80%93Pacific_Ocean_oil_pipeline" title="Eastern Siberia–Pacific Ocean oil pipeline">Eastern Siberia–Pacific Ocean oil pipeline</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Pipeline_System-II" title="Baltic Pipeline System-II">Baltic Pipeline System-II</a> (2012–2013)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murmansk_Pipeline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murmansk Pipeline (page does not exist)">Murmansk Pipeline</a> (proposed)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other pipelines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ammonia" title="Ammonia">Ammonia</a>: <a href="/wiki/TogliattiAzot#TogliattiAzot_Pipeline" title="TogliattiAzot">Togliatti–Odessa pipeline</a> (1981)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine196" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Template:Russian invasion of Ukraine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Template talk:Russian invasion of Ukraine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russian invasion of Ukraine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine196" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Part of the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Overview4778" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Overview</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Outline of the Russo-Ukrainian War">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Timeline</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_prelude_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Timeline of the prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Prelude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(24_February_%E2%80%93_7_April_2022)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (24 February – 7 April 2022)">Feb – Apr 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(8_April_%E2%80%93_28_August_2022)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (8 April – 28 August 2022)">Apr – Aug 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(29_August_%E2%80%93_11_November_2022)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (29 August – 11 November 2022)">Aug – Nov 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(12_November_2022_%E2%80%93_7_June_2023)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (12 November 2022 – 7 June 2023)">Nov 2022 – Jun 2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(8_June_2023_%E2%80%93_31_August_2023)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (8 June 2023 – 31 August 2023)">Jun – Aug 2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_September_%E2%80%93_30_November_2023)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 September – 30 November 2023)">Sep – Nov 2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_December_2023_%E2%80%93_31_March_2024)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 December 2023 – 31 March 2024)">Dec 2023 – Mar 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_April_%E2%80%93_31_July_2024)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 April – 31 July 2024)">Apr – Jul 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_August_%E2%80%93_31_December_2024)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 August – 31 December 2024)">Aug – Dec 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_(1_January_2025_%E2%80%93_present)" title="Timeline of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (1 January 2025 – present)">Jan 2025 – present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerial_warfare_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Aerial warfare in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Aerial warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_defense_lines_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian defense lines during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Defense lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_fighters_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Foreign fighters in the Russo-Ukrainian War">Foreign fighters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_information_war_against_Ukraine" title="Russian information war against Ukraine">Information war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_warfare_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Naval warfare in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Naval warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Legality of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Legality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Russo-Ukrainian_War_detailed_map" title="Template:Russo-Ukrainian War detailed map">Map</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_order_of_battle" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine order of battle">Order of battle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_negotiations_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Peace negotiations in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Peace negotiations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%27s_Peace_Formula" title="Ukraine's Peace Formula">Ukraine's Peace Formula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%27s_Position_on_the_Political_Settlement_of_the_Ukrainian_Crisis" title="China's Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukrainian Crisis">China peace proposal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2024_Ukraine_peace_summit" title="June 2024 Ukraine peace summit">June 2024 peace summit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_no-fly_zone_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Proposed no-fly zone in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Proposed no-fly zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_lines_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Red lines in the Russo-Ukrainian War">Red lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reparations_from_Russia_after_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Reparations from Russia after the Russo-Ukrainian War">Reparations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_control_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Territorial control during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Territorial control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Women in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Prelude_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Prelude</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_the_2021%E2%80%932022_Russo-Ukrainian_crisis" title="Reactions to the 2021–2022 Russo-Ukrainian crisis">Reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disinformation_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Disinformation in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Disinformation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_bioweapons_conspiracy_theory" title="Ukraine bioweapons conspiracy theory">Ukraine bioweapons conspiracy theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="Ukraine and weapons of mass destruction">Ukraine and weapons of mass destruction</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Russia%E2%80%93United_States_summit" title="2021 Russia–United States summit">2021 Russia–United States summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Black_Sea_incident" title="2021 Black Sea incident">2021 Black Sea incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93European_Union_border_crisis" title="Belarus–European Union border crisis">Belarus–European Union border crisis</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/On_the_Historical_Unity_of_Russians_and_Ukrainians" title="On the Historical Unity of Russians and Ukrainians">On the Historical Unity of Russians and Ukrainians</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimea_Platform" title="Crimea Platform">Crimea Platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapad_2021" title="Zapad 2021">Zapad 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2021_Russian_ultimatum_to_NATO" title="December 2021 Russian ultimatum to NATO">December 2021 ultimatum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Ukraine_cyberattacks" title="2022 Ukraine cyberattacks">2022 Ukraine cyberattacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zametil_2022" title="Zametil 2022">Zametil 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Resolve_2022" title="Union Resolve 2022">Union Resolve 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanytsia_Luhanska_kindergarten_bombing" title="Stanytsia Luhanska kindergarten bombing">Stanytsia Luhanska kindergarten bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British%E2%80%93Polish%E2%80%93Ukrainian_trilateral_pact" title="British–Polish–Ukrainian trilateral pact">British–Polish–Ukrainian trilateral pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_evacuation_of_the_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic_and_the_Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="2022 evacuation of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic">Evacuation of the Donetsk PR and Luhansk PR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_mobilization_in_the_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic_and_the_Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="2022 mobilization in the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic">Mobilization in Donetsk PR and Luhansk PR</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Address_concerning_the_events_in_Ukraine" title="Address concerning the events in Ukraine">Address concerning the events in Ukraine</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/On_conducting_a_special_military_operation" title="On conducting a special military operation">On conducting a special military operation</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">Dissolution of the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_pro-Russian_unrest_in_Ukraine" title="2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine">2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Annexation of Crimea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="International reactions to the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">reactions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas" title="War in Donbas">War in Donbas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_war_in_Donbas_(2022)" title="Timeline of the war in Donbas (2022)">2022 timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minsk_agreements" title="Minsk agreements">Minsk agreements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_situation_during_the_war_in_Donbas" title="Humanitarian situation during the war in Donbas">humanitarian situation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_the_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic_and_the_Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="International recognition of the Donetsk People's Republic and the Luhansk People's Republic">international recognition of the Donetsk PR and Luhansk PR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putinism" title="Putinism">Putinism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foundations_of_Geopolitics" title="Foundations of Geopolitics">Foundations of Geopolitics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novorossiya" title="Novorossiya">Novorossiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruscism" title="Ruscism">Ruscism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_irredentism" title="Russian irredentism">Russian irredentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_imperialism" title="Russian imperialism">Russian imperialism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Russia–Ukraine relations">Russia–Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Belarus–Ukraine relations">Belarus–Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Belarus–Russia relations">Belarus–Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Russia–United States relations">Russia–United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Ukraine–United States relations">Ukraine–United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Russia–NATO relations">Russia–NATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Ukraine–NATO relations">Ukraine–NATO</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enlargement_of_NATO" title="Enlargement of NATO">enlargement of NATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Controversy_in_Russia_regarding_the_legitimacy_of_eastward_NATO_expansion" class="mw-redirect" title="Controversy in Russia regarding the legitimacy of eastward NATO expansion">eastward expansion controversy in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NATO_open_door_policy" title="NATO open door policy">open door policy</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Military_engagements7617" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_engagements_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="List of military engagements during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Military engagements</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Ukraine_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Southern Ukraine campaign">Southern Ukraine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Snake_Island_campaign" title="Snake Island campaign">Snake Island campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mariupol" title="Siege of Mariupol">Siege of Mariupol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kherson" title="Battle of Kherson">Battle of Kherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Melitopol" title="Capture of Melitopol">Capture of Melitopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mykolaiv" title="Battle of Mykolaiv">Battle of Mykolaiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Enerhodar" title="Battle of Enerhodar">Battle of Enerhodar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Voznesensk" title="Battle of Voznesensk">Battle of Voznesensk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Huliaipole" title="Battle of Huliaipole">Battle of Huliaipole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Davydiv_Brid" title="Battle of Davydiv Brid">Battle of Davydiv Brid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Kherson_counteroffensive" title="2022 Kherson counteroffensive">Kherson counteroffensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_of_Kherson" title="Liberation of Kherson">Liberation of Kherson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnieper_campaign_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Dnieper campaign (2022–present)">Dnieper campaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_the_Kakhovka_Dam" title="Destruction of the Kakhovka Dam">Destruction of the Kakhovka Dam</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Ukraine_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Ukraine campaign">Eastern Ukraine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Volnovakha" title="Battle of Volnovakha">Battle of Volnovakha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kharkiv_(2022)" title="Battle of Kharkiv (2022)">Battle of Kharkiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Izium" title="Battle of Izium">Battle of Izium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rubizhne" title="Battle of Rubizhne">Battle of Rubizhne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Popasna" title="Battle of Popasna">Battle of Popasna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marinka_(2022%E2%80%932023)" title="Battle of Marinka (2022–2023)">Battle of Marinka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Donbas_(2022)" title="Battle of Donbas (2022)">Battle of Donbas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Siverskyi_Donets" title="Battle of the Siverskyi Donets">Battle of the Siverskyi Donets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sievierodonetsk_(2022)" title="Battle of Sievierodonetsk (2022)">Battle of Sievierodonetsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lysychansk" title="Battle of Lysychansk">Battle of Lysychansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pisky" title="Battle of Pisky">Battle of Pisky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bakhmut" title="Battle of Bakhmut">Battle of Bakhmut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Soledar" title="Battle of Soledar">Battle of Soledar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vuhledar" title="Battle of Vuhledar">Battle of Vuhledar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Kharkiv_counteroffensive" title="2022 Kharkiv counteroffensive">Kharkiv counteroffensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lyman_(September%E2%80%93October_2022)" title="Battle of Lyman (September–October 2022)">Battle of Lyman (September–October 2022)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_Oblast_campaign" title="Luhansk Oblast campaign">Luhansk Oblast campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Avdiivka_(2023%E2%80%932024)" title="Battle of Avdiivka (2023–2024)">Battle of Avdiivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chasiv_Yar" title="Battle of Chasiv Yar">Battle of Chasiv Yar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Krasnohorivka" title="Battle of Krasnohorivka">Battle of Krasnohorivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ocheretyne" title="Battle of Ocheretyne">Battle of Ocheretyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Toretsk" title="Battle of Toretsk">Battle of Toretsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pokrovsk_offensive" title="Pokrovsk offensive">Pokrovsk offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kurakhove" title="Battle of Kurakhove">Battle of Kurakhove</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ukraine_campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Ukraine campaign">Northern Ukraine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Antonov_Airport" title="Battle of Antonov Airport">Battle of Antonov Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Chernobyl" title="Capture of Chernobyl">Capture of Chernobyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kyiv_(2022)" title="Battle of Kyiv (2022)">Battle of Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hostomel" title="Battle of Hostomel">Battle of Hostomel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bucha" title="Battle of Bucha">Battle of Bucha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Irpin" title="Battle of Irpin">Battle of Irpin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Makariv" title="Battle of Makariv">Battle of Makariv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Kyiv_convoy" title="Russian Kyiv convoy">Russian Kyiv convoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moshchun" title="Battle of Moshchun">Battle of Moshchun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Destruction_of_the_Kozarovychi_Dam" title="Destruction of the Kozarovychi Dam">Destruction of the Kozarovychi Dam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Brovary" title="Battle of Brovary">Battle of Brovary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Slavutych" title="Battle of Slavutych">Battle of Slavutych</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sumy" title="Battle of Sumy">Battle of Sumy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Chernihiv" title="Siege of Chernihiv">Siege of Chernihiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeastern_Ukraine%E2%80%93Russia_border_skirmishes" class="mw-redirect" title="Northeastern Ukraine–Russia border skirmishes">Northeastern border skirmishes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Attacks_in_Russia_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Attacks in Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Bryansk_Oblast_raid" title="2023 Bryansk Oblast raid">Bryansk Oblast raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kremlin_drone_attack" title="Kremlin drone attack">Kremlin drone attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_May_2023_Moscow_drone_strikes" title="30 May 2023 Moscow drone strikes">Moscow drone strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Belgorod_Oblast_incursions" title="2023 Belgorod Oblast incursions">2023 Belgorod Oblast incursions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30_December_2023_Belgorod_shelling" title="30 December 2023 Belgorod shelling">30 December 2023 Belgorod shelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2024_Belgorod_missile_strike" title="February 2024 Belgorod missile strike">February 2024 Belgorod missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2024_Belgorod_missile_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="May 2024 Belgorod missile strike">May 2024 Belgorod missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2024_western_Russia_incursion" title="March 2024 western Russia incursion">March 2024 western Russia incursion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Kursk_offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Kursk offensive">2024 Kursk offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_occupation_of_Kursk_Oblast" title="Ukrainian occupation of Kursk Oblast">occupation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battles_for_Olgovskiy_Forest" title="Battles for Olgovskiy Forest">Battles for Olgovskiy Forest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toropets_depot_explosions" title="Toropets depot explosions">Toropets depot explosions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Airstrikes by city</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chernihiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Chernihiv strikes (2022–present)">Chernihiv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnipro_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Dnipro strikes (2022–present)">Dnipro strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivano-Frankivsk_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Ivano-Frankivsk strikes (2022–present)">Ivano-Frankivsk strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kharkiv strikes (2022–present)">Kharkiv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherson_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kherson strikes (2022–present)">Kherson strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmelnytskyi_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Khmelnytskyi strikes (2022–present)">Khmelnytskyi strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kryvyi_Rih_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kryvyi Rih strikes (2022–present)">Kryvyi Rih strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Kyiv strikes (2022–present)">Kyiv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lviv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Lviv strikes (2022–present)">Lviv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Mykolaiv strikes (2022–present)">Mykolaiv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odesa_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Odesa strikes (2022–present)">Odesa strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivne_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Rivne strikes (2022–present)">Rivne strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinnytsia_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Vinnytsia strikes (2022–present)">Vinnytsia strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_strikes_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Zaporizhzhia strikes (2022–present)">Zaporizhzhia strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhytomyr_attacks_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Zhytomyr attacks (2022–present)">Zhytomyr strikes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Airstrikes on military targets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chuhuiv_air_base_attack" title="Chuhuiv air base attack">Chuhuiv air base attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millerovo_air_base_attack" title="Millerovo air base attack">Millerovo air base attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Saky_air_base_attack" title="2022 Saky air base attack">Chornobaivka (Saky) attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7_March_2022_Mykolaiv_military_barracks_attack" title="7 March 2022 Mykolaiv military barracks attack">7 March 2022 Mykolaiv military barracks attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yavoriv_military_base_attack" title="Yavoriv military base attack">Yavoriv military base attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/18_March_2022_Mykolaiv_military_quarters_attack" title="18 March 2022 Mykolaiv military quarters attack">18 March 2022 Mykolaiv military quarters attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Berdiansk_port_attack" title="2022 Berdiansk port attack">Berdiansk port attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinking_of_the_Moskva" title="Sinking of the Moskva">Sinking of the Moskva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desna_barracks_airstrike" title="Desna barracks airstrike">Desna barracks airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_attack_on_Nova_Kakhovka" title="2022 attack on Nova Kakhovka">Attack on Nova Kakhovka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimea_attacks_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Crimea attacks (2022–present)">Crimea attacks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Novofedorivka_explosions" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Novofedorivka explosions">Novofedorivka explosions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_drone_attack_on_the_Sevastopol_Naval_Base" title="2022 drone attack on the Sevastopol Naval Base">Drone attack on the Sevastopol Naval Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missile_strike_on_the_Black_Sea_Fleet_headquarters" title="Missile strike on the Black Sea Fleet headquarters">Missile strike on the Black Sea Fleet headquarters</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyagilevo_and_Engels_air_bases_attacks" title="Dyagilevo and Engels air bases attacks">Dyagilevo and Engels air bases attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makiivka_military_quarters_shelling" title="Makiivka military quarters shelling">Makiivka military quarters shelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machulishchy_air_base_attack" title="Machulishchy air base attack">Machulishchy air base attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarichne_barracks_airstrike" title="Zarichne barracks airstrike">Zarichne barracks airstrike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Resistance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_resistance_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian resistance during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian-occupied Ukraine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Resistance_of_Ukraine" title="Popular Resistance of Ukraine">Popular Resistance of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berdiansk_Partisan_Army" title="Berdiansk Partisan Army">Berdiansk Partisan Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Ribbon_(movement)" title="Yellow Ribbon (movement)">Yellow Ribbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atesh" title="Atesh">Atesh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_and_Russian_partisan_movement_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Belarusian and Russian partisan movement (2022–present)">Belarus and Russia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Vladlen_Tatarsky" title="Assassination of Vladlen Tatarsky">Assassination of Vladlen Tatarsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_Council_(Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine)" title="Civic Council (Armed Forces of Ukraine)">Civic Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irpin_Declaration" title="Irpin Declaration">Irpin Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darya_Dugina#Killing" title="Darya Dugina">Killing of Darya Dugina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Republican_Army_(Russia)" title="National Republican Army (Russia)">National Republican Army</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_military_commissariats_attacks" title="Russian military commissariats attacks">Military commissariats arsons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ust-Ilimsk_military_commissariat_shooting" title="Ust-Ilimsk military commissariat shooting">Ust-Ilimsk military commissariat shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Bridge_(Russia)" title="Black Bridge (Russia)">Black Bridge</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_war_in_Russia_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Rail war in Russia (2022–present)">Rail war in Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stop_the_Wagons" title="Stop the Wagons">Stop the Wagons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_Organization_of_Anarcho-Communists" title="Combat Organization of Anarcho-Communists">Combat Organization of Anarcho-Communists</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_war_in_Belarus_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Rail war in Belarus (2022–present)">Rail war in Belarus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Busly_liacia%C4%87" title="Busly liaciać">Busly liaciać</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BYPOL" title="BYPOL">BYPOL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Railway_Workers_of_Belarus" title="Community of Railway Workers of Belarus">Community of Railway Workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyber_Partisans" title="Cyber Partisans">Cyber Partisans</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russian occupations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flags_used_in_Russian-occupied_Ukraine" title="Flags used in Russian-occupied Ukraine">Flags used in Russian-occupied Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ongoing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_annexation_referendums_in_Russian-occupied_Ukraine" title="2022 annexation referendums in Russian-occupied Ukraine">Annexation referendums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_annexation_of_Donetsk,_Kherson,_Luhansk_and_Zaporizhzhia_oblasts" title="Russian annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts">Annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_elections_in_Russian-occupied_Ukraine" title="2023 elections in Russian-occupied Ukraine">Elections in Russian-occupied Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian-occupied_territories_of_Ukraine" title="Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine">Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Crimea" title="Russian occupation of Crimea">Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic" title="Donetsk People's Republic">Donetsk Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Kharkiv_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Kharkiv Oblast">Kharkiv Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Kherson_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Kherson Oblast">Kherson Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_People%27s_Republic" title="Luhansk People's Republic">Luhansk Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Mykolaiv_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Mykolaiv Oblast">Mykolaiv Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Zaporizhzhia_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Zaporizhzhia Oblast">Zaporizhzhia Oblast</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Previous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Chernihiv_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Chernihiv Oblast">Chernihiv Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Kyiv_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Kyiv Oblast">Kyiv Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snake_Island_campaign" title="Snake Island campaign">Odesa Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Sumy_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Sumy Oblast">Sumy Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Zhytomyr_Oblast" title="Russian occupation of Zhytomyr Oblast">Zhytomyr Oblast</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Potentially related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Black_Sea_drone_incident" title="2023 Black Sea drone incident">Black Sea drone incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_mystery_fires_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian mystery fires (2022–present)">Mystery fires in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Nord_Stream_pipeline_sabotage" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Nord Stream pipeline sabotage">Nord Stream pipeline sabotage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Transnistria_attacks" title="2022 Transnistria attacks">Transnistria attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Zagreb_Tu-141_crash" title="2022 Zagreb Tu-141 crash">Zagreb Tu-141 crash</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Crimean_Bridge_explosion" title="2022 Crimean Bridge explosion">2022 Crimean Bridge explosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Crimean_Bridge_explosion" title="2023 Crimean Bridge explosion">2023 Crimean Bridge explosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_attempts_on_Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Assassination attempts on Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Assassination attempts on Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernobyl_Nuclear_Power_Plant_drone_strike" title="Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant drone strike">Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant drone strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prelude_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine#2022_Ukrainian_coup_d'etat_attempt" title="Prelude to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Coup d'état attempt in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridges_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Bridges in the Russo-Ukrainian War">Bridges in the Russo-Ukrainian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dragon_drone" title="Dragon drone">Dragon drone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violations_of_non-combatant_airspaces_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Violations of non-combatant airspaces during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Violations of non-combatant airspaces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_missile_explosion_in_Poland" title="2022 missile explosion in Poland">Missile explosion in Poland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Synytsia" title="Operation Synytsia">Operation Synytsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_and_electronic_warfare" title="Ukraine and electronic warfare">Ukraine and electronic warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_long-range_weapons_by_Ukraine_in_Russia" title="Use of long-range weapons by Ukraine in Russia">Use of long-range weapons by Ukraine in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Ukrainian_counteroffensive" title="2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive">2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Ukrainian_cyberattacks_against_Russia" title="2024 Ukrainian cyberattacks against Russia">2024 Ukrainian cyberattacks against Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group_rebellion" title="Wagner Group rebellion">Wagner Group rebellion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="War_crimes4971" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/War_crimes_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="War crimes in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">War crimes</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accusations_of_genocide_in_Donbas" class="mw-redirect" title="Accusations of genocide in Donbas">Accusations of genocide in Donbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allegations_of_genocide_of_Ukrainians_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Allegations of genocide of Ukrainians in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Allegations of genocide of Ukrainians</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Child_abductions_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Child abductions in the Russo-Ukrainian War">child abductions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_strikes_on_hospitals_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian strikes on hospitals during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Attacks on hospitals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_cluster_munitions_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Use of cluster munitions in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Cluster munitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_incendiary_weapons_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Use of incendiary weapons in the Russo-Ukrainian War">Incendiary weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landmines_in_Ukraine" title="Landmines in Ukraine">Landmines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_filtration_camps_for_Ukrainians" title="Russian filtration camps for Ukrainians">Russian filtration camps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_usage_of_mobile_crematoriums_in_Ukraine" title="Russian usage of mobile crematoriums in Ukraine">Russian mobile crematoriums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_theft_of_Ukrainian_grain" title="2022 Russian theft of Ukrainian grain">Russian theft of Ukrainian grain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_torture_chambers_in_Ukraine" title="Russian torture chambers in Ukraine">Russian torture chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Looting_by_Russian_forces_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Looting by Russian forces during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Looting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexual_violence_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Sexual violence in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Sexual violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treatment_of_prisoners_of_war_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Treatment of prisoners of war in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Mistreatment of prisoners of war</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Attacks_on_civilians_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Attacks on civilians in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Attacks on civilians</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_2022_Kharkiv_cluster_bombing" title="February 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing">February 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_government_building_airstrike" title="Kharkiv government building airstrike">Kharkiv government building airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_March_2022_Chernihiv_bombing" title="3 March 2022 Chernihiv bombing">3 March Chernihiv bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irpin_refugee_column_shelling" title="Irpin refugee column shelling">Irpin refugee column shelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariupol_hospital_airstrike" title="Mariupol hospital airstrike">Mariupol hospital airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stara_Krasnianka_care_house_attack" title="Stara Krasnianka care house attack">Stara Krasnianka care house attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv_cluster_bombing" title="Mykolaiv cluster bombing">Mykolaiv cluster bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2022_Donetsk_attack" title="March 2022 Donetsk attack">March 2022 Donetsk attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombing_of_Borodianka" title="Bombing of Borodianka">2022 Borodianka airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16_March_2022_Chernihiv_breadline_attack" title="16 March 2022 Chernihiv breadline attack">Chernihiv breadline attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariupol_theatre_airstrike" title="Mariupol theatre airstrike">Mariupol theatre airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_shopping_centre_bombing" title="Kyiv shopping centre bombing">Kyiv shopping centre bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumykhimprom_ammonia_leak" title="Sumykhimprom ammonia leak">Sumykhimprom ammonia leak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2022_Kharkiv_cluster_bombing" title="March 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing">March 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv_government_building_missile_strike" title="Mykolaiv government building missile strike">Mykolaiv government building missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucha_massacre" title="Bucha massacre">Bucha massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kramatorsk_railway_station_attack" title="Kramatorsk railway station attack">Kramatorsk railway station attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2022_Kharkiv_cluster_bombing" title="April 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing">April 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilohorivka_school_bombing" title="Bilohorivka school bombing">Bilohorivka school bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_of_Andrii_Bohomaz" title="Shooting of Andrii Bohomaz">Shooting of Andrii Bohomaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maisky_Market_attack" title="Maisky Market attack">Maisky Market attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kremenchuk_shopping_mall_attack" title="Kremenchuk shopping mall attack">Kremenchuk shopping mall attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhiivka_missile_strike" title="Serhiivka missile strike">Serhiivka missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chasiv_Yar_missile_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="Chasiv Yar missile strike">Chasiv Yar missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olenivka_prison_massacre" title="Olenivka prison massacre">Olenivka prison massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_dormitories_missile_strike" title="Kharkiv dormitories missile strike">Kharkiv dormitories missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaplyne_railway_station_attack" title="Chaplyne railway station attack">Chaplyne railway station attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izium_mass_graves" title="Izium mass graves">Izium mass graves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2022_Donetsk_attack" title="September 2022 Donetsk attack">September 2022 Donetsk attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_civilian_convoy_attack" title="Zaporizhzhia civilian convoy attack">Zaporizhzhia civilian convoy attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kupiansk_civilian_convoy_shelling" title="Kupiansk civilian convoy shelling">Kupiansk civilian convoy shelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Zaporizhzhia_residential_building_airstrike" title="2022 Zaporizhzhia residential building airstrike">Zaporizhzhia residential building airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_strikes_against_Ukrainian_infrastructure_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure (2022–present)">Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Dnipro_residential_building_airstrike" title="2023 Dnipro residential building airstrike">2023 Dnipro residential building airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2023_Sloviansk_airstrike" title="April 2023 Sloviansk airstrike">Sloviansk airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Uman_missile_strike" title="2023 Uman missile strike">Uman missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Kramatorsk_restaurant_missile_strike" title="2023 Kramatorsk restaurant missile strike">Kramatorsk restaurant missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_cluster_bombing" title="Lyman cluster bombing">Lyman cluster bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Pokrovsk_missile_strike" title="2023 Pokrovsk missile strike">2023 Pokrovsk missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_2023_Chernihiv_missile_strike" title="August 2023 Chernihiv missile strike">Chernihiv missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2023_Kostiantynivka_missile_strike" title="September 2023 Kostiantynivka missile strike">Kostiantynivka missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hroza_missile_attack" title="Hroza missile attack">Hroza missile attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volnovakha_massacre" title="Volnovakha massacre">Volnovakha massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/29_December_2023_Russian_strikes_on_Ukraine" title="29 December 2023 Russian strikes on Ukraine">December 2023 strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Pokrovsk_missile_strike" title="2024 Pokrovsk missile strike">2024 Pokrovsk missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Donetsk_attack" title="2024 Donetsk attack">2024 Donetsk attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Lysychansk_missile_strike" title="2024 Lysychansk missile strike">Lysychansk missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6_March_2024_Odesa_strike" title="6 March 2024 Odesa strike">6 March 2024 Odesa strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22_March_2024_Russian_strikes_on_Ukraine" title="22 March 2024 Russian strikes on Ukraine">March 2024 strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/25_May_2024_Kharkiv_missile_strikes" title="25 May 2024 Kharkiv missile strikes">May 2024 Kharkiv strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_children%27s_hospital_airstrike" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyiv children's hospital airstrike">8 July 2024 strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Kostiantynivka_supermarket_missile_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Kostiantynivka supermarket missile attack">2024 Kostiantynivka supermarket missile attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/26_August_2024_Russian_strikes_on_Ukraine" title="26 August 2024 Russian strikes on Ukraine">26 August 2024 strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2024_Poltava_strike" title="September 2024 Poltava strike">September 2024 Poltava strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/17_November_2024_Russian_strikes_on_Ukraine" title="17 November 2024 Russian strikes on Ukraine">November 2024 strikes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crimes against soldiers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Torture_of_Russian_soldiers_in_Mala_Rohan" title="Torture of Russian soldiers in Mala Rohan">Torture of Russian soldiers in Mala Rohan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torture_and_castration_of_a_Ukrainian_POW_in_Pryvillia" title="Torture and castration of a Ukrainian POW in Pryvillia">Torture and castration of a Ukrainian POW in Pryvillia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_of_Donetsk_People%27s_Republic_soldiers_by_Kadyrovites" class="mw-redirect" title="Rape of Donetsk People's Republic soldiers by Kadyrovites">Rape of Donetsk People's Republic soldiers by Kadyrovites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Yevgeny_Nuzhin" title="Murder of Yevgeny Nuzhin">Murder of Yevgeny Nuzhin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makiivka_surrender_incident" title="Makiivka surrender incident">Makiivka surrender incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Execution_of_Oleksandr_Matsievskyi" title="Execution of Oleksandr Matsievskyi">Execution of Oleksandr Matsievskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Ukrainian_prisoner_of_war_beheading" title="2022 Ukrainian prisoner of war beheading">2022 Ukrainian prisoner of war beheading</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legal cases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_investigation_in_Ukraine" title="International Criminal Court investigation in Ukraine">ICC investigation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_arrest_warrants_for_Russian_figures" class="mw-redirect" title="International Criminal Court arrest warrants for Russian figures">Arrest warrants</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_v._Russian_Federation_(2022)" title="Ukraine v. Russian Federation (2022)">ICJ court case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Task_Force_on_Accountability_for_Crimes_Committed_in_Ukraine" title="Task Force on Accountability for Crimes Committed in Ukraine">Task Force on Accountability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_jurisdiction_investigations_of_war_crimes_in_Ukraine" title="Universal jurisdiction investigations of war crimes in Ukraine">Universal jurisdiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_international_tribunal_for_the_crime_of_aggression_(Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine)" title="Special international tribunal for the crime of aggression (Russian invasion of Ukraine)">Crime of aggression</a></li> <li>Criminal proceedings <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trial_of_Vadim_Shishimarin" title="Trial of Vadim Shishimarin">Vadim Shishimarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_of_Alexander_Bobikin_and_Alexander_Ivanov" title="Trial of Alexander Bobikin and Alexander Ivanov">Alexander Bobikin and Alexander Ivanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_of_Anton_Cherednik" title="Trial of Anton Cherednik">Anton Cherednik</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Reactions16724" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Reactions to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Reactions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_and_intergovernmental_reactions_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Government and intergovernmental reactions to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">States and official entities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_sanctions_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Sanctions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_and_organizations_sanctioned_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of people and organizations sanctioned during the Russo-Ukrainian War">people and organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restrictions_on_transit_to_Kaliningrad_Oblast" title="Restrictions on transit to Kaliningrad Oblast">restrictions on transit to Kaliningrad Oblast</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_aid_to_Ukraine_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of military aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Military aid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Military_Assistance_Mission_in_support_of_Ukraine" title="European Union Military Assistance Mission in support of Ukraine">European Union Military Assistance Mission in support of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Bayraktar" title="People's Bayraktar">People's Bayraktar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signmyrocket.com" title="Signmyrocket.com">Signmyrocket.com</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_humanitarian_aid_to_Ukraine_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of humanitarian aid to Ukraine during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Humanitarian aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yachts_impacted_by_international_sanctions_following_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Yachts impacted by international sanctions following the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Sanctioned yachts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Russia_since_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Foreign relations of Russia since the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Relations with Russia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ukraine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Ukraine–NATO relations">Application to NATO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Be_Brave_Like_Ukraine" title="Be Brave Like Ukraine">Be Brave Like Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brave1" title="Brave1">Brave1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bring_Kids_Back_UA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bring Kids Back UA (page does not exist)">Bring Kids Back UA</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bring_Kids_Back_UA" class="extiw" title="uk:Bring Kids Back UA">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Ukraine_%22On_the_Protection_of_the_Constitutional_Order_in_the_Field_of_Activities_of_Religious_Organizations%22" title="Law of Ukraine "On the Protection of the Constitutional Order in the Field of Activities of Religious Organizations""> Ban on Russia-associated religious groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coordination_Headquarters_for_the_Treatment_of_Prisoners_of_War" title="Coordination Headquarters for the Treatment of Prisoners of War">Coordination Headquarters for the Treatment of Prisoners of War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_the_Condemnation_and_Prohibition_of_Propaganda_of_Russian_Imperial_Policy_in_Ukraine_and_the_Decolonization_of_Toponymy" title="On the Condemnation and Prohibition of Propaganda of Russian Imperial Policy in Ukraine and the Decolonization of Toponymy">Decolonization and derussification law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_(situational_awareness_system)" title="Delta (situational awareness system)">Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyed_Russian_military_equipment_exhibition" title="Destroyed Russian military equipment exhibition">Destroyed Russian military equipment exhibition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/For_Courage_and_Bravery_(Ukraine)" class="mw-redirect" title="For Courage and Bravery (Ukraine)">For Courage and Bravery (Ukraine)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grain_From_Ukraine_program" title="Grain From Ukraine program">Grain From Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headquarters_of_the_Supreme_Commander-in-Chief" title="Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief">Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hero_City_of_Ukraine" title="Hero City of Ukraine">Hero City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Want_to_Live_(hotline)" title="I Want to Live (hotline)">I Want to Live</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Legion_(Ukraine)" title="International Legion (Ukraine)">International Legion</a> and other foreign units <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Volunteer_Corps" title="Belarusian Volunteer Corps">Belarusian Volunteer Corps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terror_Battalion" title="Terror Battalion">Terror Battalion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Maple_Company" title="Black Maple Company">Black Maple Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian-Ukrainian_Brigade" title="Canadian-Ukrainian Brigade">Canadian-Ukrainian Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Russia_Legion" title="Freedom of Russia Legion">Freedom of Russia Legion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Volunteer_Corps" title="German Volunteer Corps">German Volunteer Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karelian_National_Battalion" class="mw-redirect" title="Karelian National Battalion">Karelian National Battalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kastu%C5%9B_Kalino%C5%ADski_Regiment" title="Kastuś Kalinoŭski Regiment">Kastuś Kalinoŭski Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Brigade" title="Norman Brigade">Norman Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahonia_Regiment" title="Pahonia Regiment">Pahonia Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Volunteer_Corps" title="Polish Volunteer Corps">Polish Volunteer Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Battlegroup_Getica" title="Romanian Battlegroup Getica">Romanian Battlegroup Getica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Volunteer_Corps" title="Russian Volunteer Corps">Russian Volunteer Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separate_Special_Purpose_Battalion" title="Separate Special Purpose Battalion">Separate Special Purpose Battalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibir_Battalion" title="Sibir Battalion">Sibir Battalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turan_Battalion" title="Turan Battalion">Turan Battalion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Sponsors_of_War" title="International Sponsors of War">International Sponsors of War</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Law_on_forced_confiscation_of_Russian_property_in_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Law on forced confiscation of Russian property in Ukraine (page does not exist)">Forced confiscation law of Russian property</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%A4" class="extiw" title="ru:Украинский закон о принудительном изъятии имущества резидентов РФ">ru</a>; <a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%A4" class="extiw" title="uk:Український закон про примусове вилучення майна резидентів РФ">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Look_for_Your_Own" title="Look for Your Own">Look for Your Own</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukoil_oil_transit_dispute" title="Lukoil oil transit dispute">Lukoil sanctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_law_in_Ukraine#2022_martial_law" title="Martial law in Ukraine">Martial law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobilization_in_Ukraine#2022" title="Mobilization in Ukraine">Mobilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_Center_Ukraine" title="Media Center Ukraine">Media Center Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Council_for_the_Recovery_of_Ukraine_from_the_War&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Council for the Recovery of Ukraine from the War (page does not exist)">National Council for the Recovery of Ukraine from the War</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="uk:Національна рада з відновлення України від наслідків війни">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Multi-Subject_Test&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Multi-Subject Test (page does not exist)">National Multi-Subject Test</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82" class="extiw" title="uk:Національний мультипредметний тест">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="North Korea–Ukraine relations">North Korea–Ukraine relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Points_of_Invincibility" title="Points of Invincibility">Points of Invincibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_recognition_of_the_Chechen_Republic_of_Ichkeria" title="Ukrainian recognition of the Chechen Republic of Ichkeria">Recognition of Ichkeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rescuer_City" title="Rescuer City">Rescuer City</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Save_Ukrainian_Culture&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Save Ukrainian Culture (page does not exist)">Save Ukrainian Culture</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B6%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%83_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83" class="extiw" title="uk:Збережіть українську культуру">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Syria–Ukraine relations">Syria–Ukraine relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Freedom_Orchestra" title="Ukrainian Freedom Orchestra">Ukrainian Freedom Orchestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United24" title="United24">United24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_News_(telethon)" title="United News (telethon)">United News</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>highways in the annexed territories <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A290_highway_(Russia)" title="A290 highway (Russia)">A290</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tavrida_Highway" title="Tavrida Highway">A291 "Tavrida"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R260_highway_(Russia)" title="R260 highway (Russia)">R260</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R280_highway_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="R280 highway (Russia)">R280 "Novorossiya"</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Moscow_rally" title="2022 Moscow rally">2022 Moscow rally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Moscow_rally" title="2023 Moscow rally">2023 Moscow rally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2022 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2022 Moscow Victory Day Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2023 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2023 Moscow Victory Day Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Moscow_Victory_Day_Parade" title="2024 Moscow Victory Day Parade">2024 Moscow Victory Day Parade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Presidential_Address_to_the_Federal_Assembly" title="2023 Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly">2023 Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_blockade_of_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russian blockade of Ukraine (page does not exist)">Blockade of Ukraine</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2" class="extiw" title="ru:Российская блокада украинских портов">ru</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohdan_Khmelnytsky_Battalion" class="mw-redirect" title="Bohdan Khmelnytsky Battalion">Bohdan Khmelnytsky Battalion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Censorship_in_Russia_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Censorship in Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine (page does not exist)">Censorship in Russia</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83" class="extiw" title="ru:Цензура в России во время вторжения на Украину">ru</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chechen_involvement_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Chechen involvement in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Chechnya</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chechen_volunteers_on_the_side_of_Ukraine" title="Chechen volunteers on the side of Ukraine">Pro-Ukrainian Chechen fighters</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conmemorative_Medal_%22Participant_of_a_Special_Military_Operation%22&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conmemorative Medal "Participant of a Special Military Operation" (page does not exist)">Conmemorative Medal "Participant of a Special Military Operation"</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C_%C2%AB%D0%A3%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8%C2%BB" class="extiw" title="ru:Памятная медаль «Участнику специальной военной операции»">ru</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conversations_about_Important_Things" title="Conversations about Important Things">Conversations about Important Things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasovsky_case" title="Krasovsky case">Krasovsky case</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Legalization_of_parallel_imports_in_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Legalization of parallel imports in Russia (page does not exist)">Legalization of parallel imports</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="ru:Легализация параллельного импорта в России">ru</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manifesto_of_the_South_Russian_People%27s_Council" title="Manifesto of the South Russian People's Council">Manifesto of the South Russian People's Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_martial_law" title="2022 Russian martial law">Martial law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masha_Moskalyova_case" title="Masha Moskalyova case">Masha Moskalyova case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolis_of_Crimea" title="Metropolis of Crimea">Metropolis of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Simonov_case" title="Mikhail Simonov case">Mikhail Simonov case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_mobilization" title="2022 Russian mobilization">Mobilization</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_irregular_forces_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russian irregular forces during the Russian invasion of Ukraine (page does not exist)">Recruitment of irregular forces</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8B,_%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83" class="extiw" title="ru:Нерегулярные вооружённые силы, участвующие во вторжении России на Украину">ru</a>]</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doppelganger_(disinformation_campaign)" title="Doppelganger (disinformation campaign)">Operation Doppelgänger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opinion_polling_in_Russia_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opinion polling in Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine (page does not exist)">Opinion polling</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8B_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83" class="extiw" title="ru:Социологические опросы в России во время вторжения на Украину">ru</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Russian_Christmas_truce_proposal" title="2023 Russian Christmas truce proposal">Orthodox Christmas truce proposal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group%E2%80%93Ministry_of_Defense_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Wagner Group–Ministry of Defense conflict">Wagner Group–Ministry of Defense conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appeal_of_the_Clergy_of_the_Russian_Orthodox_Church_for_Reconciliation_and_an_End_to_War" title="Appeal of the Clergy of the Russian Orthodox Church for Reconciliation and an End to War">Russian Orthodox clergymen appeal against war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvation_Committee_for_Peace_and_Order" title="Salvation Committee for Peace and Order">Salvation Committee for Peace and Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Coordinating_Council_for_Security_Enhancement" title="Special Coordinating Council for Security Enhancement">Special Coordinating Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_bioweapons_conspiracy_theory" title="Ukraine bioweapons conspiracy theory">Ukraine bioweapons conspiracy theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unfriendly_countries_list" title="Unfriendly countries list">Unfriendly countries list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_2022_war_censorship_laws" title="Russian 2022 war censorship laws">War censorship laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/We_Are_Together._Sports" title="We Are Together. Sports">We Are Together. Sports</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/What_Russia_Should_Do_with_Ukraine" title="What Russia Should Do with Ukraine">What Russia Should Do with Ukraine</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="United States and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">United States</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Joe_Biden_speech_in_Warsaw" title="2022 Joe Biden speech in Warsaw">2022 Joe Biden speech in Warsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2022 State of the Union Address">2022 State of the Union Address</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_Appropriations_Act,_2022" title="Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022">Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidated_Appropriations_Act,_2023" title="Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023">Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disinformation_Governance_Board" title="Disinformation Governance Board">Disinformation Governance Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_14071" title="Executive Order 14071">Executive Order 14071</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_Pentagon_document_leaks" title="2022–2023 Pentagon document leaks">Pentagon document leaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Task_Force_KleptoCapture" title="Task Force KleptoCapture">Task Force KleptoCapture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Defense_Contact_Group" title="Ukraine Defense Contact Group">Ukraine Defense Contact Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Democracy_Defense_Lend-Lease_Act_of_2022" title="Ukraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act of 2022">Ukraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Security_Assistance_Initiative" title="Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative">Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_involvement_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Belarusian involvement in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Belarus</a></li> <li>Canada <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Ukraine_authorization_for_emergency_travel" title="Canada–Ukraine authorization for emergency travel">Canada–Ukraine authorization for emergency travel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="China and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axis_of_Upheaval" title="Axis of Upheaval">Closer ties with Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%27s_Position_on_the_Political_Settlement_of_the_Ukrainian_Crisis" title="China's Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukrainian Crisis">Chinese peace plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Hong Kong and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Influence_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War_on_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Influence of the Russo-Ukrainian War on Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li>Denmark <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Danish_European_Union_opt-out_referendum" title="2022 Danish European Union opt-out referendum">Danish European Union defence opt-out referendum</a></li></ul></li> <li>Federated States of Micronesia <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Federated_States_of_Micronesia%E2%80%93Russia_relations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Federated States of Micronesia–Russia relations (page does not exist)">Federated States of Micronesia–Russia relations</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" class="extiw" title="ru:Российско-микронезийские отношения">ru</a>]</li></ul></li> <li>France <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Aigle" title="Mission Aigle">Mission Aigle</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Georgia and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Georgia</a></li> <li>Germany <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_Taurus_controversy" title="German Taurus controversy">German Taurus controversy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_Taurus_leak" title="German Taurus leak">Taurus leak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeitenwende_speech" title="Zeitenwende speech">Zeitenwende speech</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Hungary and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="India and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Ganga" title="Operation Ganga">Operation Ganga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Iran and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axis_of_Upheaval" title="Axis of Upheaval">Closer ties with Russia</a></li></ul></li> <li>Israel <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Israel_Guarantees" title="Operation Israel Guarantees">Operation Israel Guarantees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Lithuania and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldova_and_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Moldova and the Russo-Ukrainian War">Moldova</a></li> <li>New Zealand <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russia_Sanctions_Act_2022" title="Russia Sanctions Act 2022">Russia Sanctions Act</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="North Korea and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">North Korea</a></li> <li>Poland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Poland%E2%80%93Ukraine_border_crisis" title="Poland–Ukraine border crisis">border crisis with Ukraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Syria_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syria and the Russian invasion of Ukraine (page does not exist)">Syria</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8_%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%83" class="extiw" title="ru:Сирия и вторжение России на Украину">ru</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiwan_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Taiwan and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Taiwan</a></li> <li>United Kingdom <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Crime_(Transparency_and_Enforcement)_Act_2022" title="Economic Crime (Transparency and Enforcement) Act 2022">Economic Crime Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homes_for_Ukraine" title="Homes for Ukraine">Homes for Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Interflex" title="Operation Interflex">Operation Interflex</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Nations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_emergency_special_session_of_the_United_Nations_General_Assembly" title="Eleventh emergency special session of the United Nations General Assembly">Emergency special session</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_ES-11/1" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/1">Resolution ES-11/1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_ES-11/2" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/2">Resolution ES-11/2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_ES-11/3" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/3">Resolution ES-11/3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_ES-11/4" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/4">Resolution ES-11/4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_ES-11/5" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/5">Resolution ES-11/5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_ES-11/6" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/6">Resolution ES-11/6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_ES-11/7" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution ES-11/7">Resolution ES-11/7</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2623" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 2623">Security Council Resolution 2623</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_A/RES/77/229" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution A/RES/77/229">Resolution A/RES/77/229</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_truce" title="Easter truce">Easter truce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Moldova_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Moldova to the European Union">Accession of Moldova to the EU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accession_of_Ukraine_to_the_European_Union" title="Accession of Ukraine to the European Union">Accession of Ukraine to the EU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Brussels_summit" title="2022 Brussels summit">Brussels summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Political_Community" title="European Political Community">European Political Community</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_European_Political_Community_Summit" title="1st European Political Community Summit">1st summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_European_Political_Community_Summit" title="2nd European Political Community Summit">2nd summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_European_Political_Community_Summit" title="3rd European Political Community Summit">3rd summit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Madrid_summit" title="2022 Madrid summit">Madrid summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_NATO_virtual_summit" title="2022 NATO virtual summit">NATO virtual summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Oscar" title="Operation Oscar">Operation Oscar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Ramstein_Air_Base_meeting" title="2022 Ramstein Air Base meeting">Ramstein Air Base meeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_EU%E2%80%93Ukraine_Summit" title="2023 EU–Ukraine Summit">EU–Ukraine Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/REPowerEU" title="REPowerEU">REPowerEU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steadfast_Defender_2024" title="Steadfast Defender 2024">Steadfast Defender 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SWIFT_ban_against_Russian_banks" title="SWIFT ban against Russian banks">SWIFT ban against Russian banks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Recovery_Conference" title="Ukraine Recovery Conference">Ukraine Recovery Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Versailles_declaration" title="Versailles declaration">Versailles declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Vilnius_summit" title="2023 Vilnius summit">2023 Vilnius summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15th_BRICS_summit" title="15th BRICS summit">15th BRICS summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Washington_summit" title="2024 Washington summit">2024 Washington summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weimar%2B" title="Weimar+">Weimar+</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Consecration_of_Russia_to_the_Immaculate_Heart_of_Mary#21st_century" title="Consecration of Russia to the Immaculate Heart of Mary">Consecration of Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-16_training_coalition" title="F-16 training coalition">F-16 training coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Finland–NATO relations">Finland–NATO relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93Russia_border_barrier" title="Finland–Russia border barrier">Finland–Russia border barrier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_diplomacy" title="Iron diplomacy">Iron diplomacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_Russian_annexation_of_South_Ossetia#2022_proposal" title="Proposed Russian annexation of South Ossetia">Proposed Russian annexation of South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Russia#2022" title="Terrorism in Russia">Recognition of Russia as a terrorist state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_monuments_and_memorials_removed_following_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="List of monuments and memorials removed following the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Removal of monuments and memorials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_streets_renamed_due_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="List of streets renamed due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Streets renamed</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Square,_Oslo" title="Ukraine Square, Oslo">Ukraine Square, Oslo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_serving_heads_of_state_and_government_that_have_visited_Ukraine_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="List of serving heads of state and government that have visited Ukraine during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Serving heads of state and government that have visited Ukraine during the invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Sweden–NATO relations">Sweden–NATO relations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Swedish_anti-terrorism_bill" title="2023 Swedish anti-terrorism bill">Swedish anti-terrorism bill</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Non-government_reactions_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Non-government reactions to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Public</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Protests against the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Protests</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>In Ukraine <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_protests_in_Russian-occupied_Ukraine" title="2022 protests in Russian-occupied Ukraine">in Russian-occupied Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demolition_of_monuments_to_Alexander_Pushkin_in_Ukraine" title="Demolition of monuments to Alexander Pushkin in Ukraine">demolition of monuments to Alexander Pushkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ArmWomenNow" title="ArmWomenNow">ArmWomenNow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Artistic_Front" title="Ukrainian Artistic Front">Ukrainian Artistic Front</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-war_protests_in_Russia_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Anti-war protests in Russia (2022–present)">In Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angry_patriots" title="Angry patriots">Angry patriots</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Club_of_Angry_Patriots" title="Club of Angry Patriots">Club of Angry Patriots</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-War_Committee_of_Russia" title="Anti-War Committee of Russia">Anti-War Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspicious_deaths_of_Russian_businesspeople_(2022%E2%80%932024)" class="mw-redirect" title="Suspicious deaths of Russian businesspeople (2022–2024)">Suspicious deaths of Russian businesspeople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_People%27s_Deputies_(Russia,_2022)" title="Congress of People's Deputies (Russia, 2022)">Congress of People's Deputies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Mothers_and_Wives" title="Council of Mothers and Wives">Council of Mothers and Wives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_Anti-War_Resistance" title="Feminist Anti-War Resistance">Feminist Anti-War Resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flower_protests" title="Flower protests">Flower protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marina_Ovsyannikova" title="Marina Ovsyannikova">Marina Ovsyannikova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Action_Committee" title="Russian Action Committee">Russian Action Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_North_Caucasian_protests" title="2022 North Caucasian protests">North Caucasian protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_Far_East_protests" title="2022 Russian Far East protests">2022 Russian Far East protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_initiative_for_charging_Vladimir_Putin_of_high_treason" title="Municipal initiative for charging Vladimir Putin of high treason">State Duma initiative for charging Vladimir Putin of high treason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White-blue-white_flag" title="White-blue-white flag">White-blue-white flag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_involvement_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine#Belarusian_opposition_to_the_invasion" title="Belarusian involvement in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">In Belarus</a></li> <li>In China <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Translation_Movement" title="Great Translation Movement">Great Translation Movement</a></li></ul></li> <li>In Czech Republic <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic_First!" title="Czech Republic First!">Czech Republic First!</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Corporate_responses_to_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Corporate responses to the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Companies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_address_of_the_Russian_Union_of_Rectors" title="2022 address of the Russian Union of Rectors">Address of the Russian Union of Rectors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boycott_of_Russia_and_Belarus" title="Boycott of Russia and Belarus">Boycott of Russia and Belarus</a> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Do_not_buy_Russian_goods!" title="Do not buy Russian goods!">Do not buy Russian goods!</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E.N.O.T._Corp." title="E.N.O.T. Corp.">E.N.O.T. Corp.</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Mangushev" title="Igor Mangushev">Igor Mangushev</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonald%27s_in_Russia" title="McDonald's in Russia">McDonald's in Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vkusno_i_tochka" title="Vkusno i tochka">Vkusno i tochka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NashStore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NashStore (page does not exist)">NashStore</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/NashStore" class="extiw" title="ru:NashStore">ru</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Satellite" title="People's Satellite">People's Satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Starlink_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Starlink in the Russo-Ukrainian War">Starlink satellites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stop_Bloody_Energy" title="Stop Bloody Energy">Stop Bloody Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group_activities_in_Ukraine" title="Wagner Group activities in Ukraine">Wagner Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Aleksandrovich_Medvedev" title="Andrey Aleksandrovich Medvedev">Andrey Aleksandrovich Medvedev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Nemes_Tarimo" title="Death of Nemes Tarimo">Death of Nemes Tarimo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yale_CELI_List_of_Companies" title="Yale CELI List of Companies">Yale CELI List of Companies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anonymous_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Anonymous and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Anonymous and the invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alerts.in.ua" title="Alerts.in.ua">alerts.in.ua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_DDoS_attacks_on_Romania" title="2022 DDoS attacks on Romania">DDoS attacks on Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeepStateMap.Live" title="DeepStateMap.Live">DeepStateMap.Live</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IT_Army_of_Ukraine" title="IT Army of Ukraine">IT Army of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killnet" title="Killnet">Killnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liveuamap" title="Liveuamap">Liveuamap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open-source_intelligence_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Open-source intelligence in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Open-source intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peacenotwar" title="Peacenotwar">peacenotwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Asset_Tracker" title="Russian Asset Tracker">Russian Asset Tracker</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Squad303&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Squad303 (page does not exist)">Squad303</a> [<a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Squad303" class="extiw" title="pl:Squad303">pl</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Siren_Alerts" title="Ukraine Siren Alerts">Ukraine Siren Alerts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Wikipedia and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Wikipedia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blocking_of_Wikipedia_in_Russia#2022_threat_to_block" class="mw-redirect" title="Blocking of Wikipedia in Russia">threat to block in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detention_of_Mark_Bernstein" title="Detention of Mark Bernstein">detention of Mark Bernstein</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_expulsions_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Diplomatic expulsions during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Diplomatic expulsions during the Russo-Ukrainian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_spies_in_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russian spies in the Russo-Ukrainian War">Russian spies in the Russo-Ukrainian War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Azovstal_Defenders%27_Families" title="Association of Azovstal Defenders' Families">Association of Azovstal Defenders' Families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Grain_Initiative" title="Black Sea Grain Initiative">Black Sea Grain Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collaboration_with_Russia_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Collaboration with Russia during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Collaboration with Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/We_Are_Together_with_Russia" title="We Are Together with Russia">We Are Together with Russia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_for_Ukraine" title="Concert for Ukraine">Concert for Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Buryatia_Foundation" title="Free Buryatia Foundation">Free Buryatia Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Nations_of_Post-Russia_Forum" title="Free Nations of Post-Russia Forum">Free Nations of Post-Russia Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Game4Ukraine" title="Game4Ukraine">Game4Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Get_Lost_(organisation)" title="Get Lost (organisation)">Get Lost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Tour_for_Peace" title="Global Tour for Peace">Global Tour for Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go_by_the_Forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Go by the Forest">Go by the Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guide_to_the_Free_World" title="Guide to the Free World">Guide to the Free World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozart_Group" title="Mozart Group">Mozart Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olena_Zelenska_Foundation" title="Olena Zelenska Foundation">Olena Zelenska Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_open_letter_from_Nobel_laureates_in_support_of_Ukraine" title="2022 open letter from Nobel laureates in support of Ukraine">Open letter from Nobel laureates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Sudoplatov_Battalion" title="Pavel Sudoplatov Battalion">Pavel Sudoplatov Battalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubikus.HelpUA" title="Rubikus.HelpUA">Rubikus.HelpUA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruslan_Shostak_Charitable_Foundation" title="Ruslan Shostak Charitable Foundation">Ruslan Shostak Charitable Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%27s_War_Crimes_House" title="Russia's War Crimes House">Russia's War Crimes House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Save_Ukraine" title="Save Ukraine">Save Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saving_Ukrainian_Cultural_Heritage_Online" title="Saving Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Online">Saving Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhiy_Prytula_Charity_Foundation" title="Serhiy Prytula Charity Foundation">Serhiy Prytula Charity Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Spain_letter_bomb_attacks" title="2022 Spain letter bomb attacks">Spain letter bomb attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yermak-McFaul_Expert_Group_on_Russian_Sanctions" title="Yermak-McFaul Expert Group on Russian Sanctions">Yermak-McFaul Expert Group on Russian Sanctions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavel_Filatyev" title="Pavel Filatyev">Pavel Filatyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/True_Russia" title="True Russia">True Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volos_Declaration" title="Volos Declaration">Volos Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wimbledon_ban_on_Russian_and_Belarusian_players" title="Wimbledon ban on Russian and Belarusian players">Wimbledon ban</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Impact6185" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Impact</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Effects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_aircraft_losses_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of aircraft losses during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Aircraft losses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War#Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Casualties of the Russo-Ukrainian War">Casualties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_journalists_killed_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of journalists killed during the Russo-Ukrainian War">journalists killed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Russian_generals_killed_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="List of Russian generals killed during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian generals killed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_impact_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Economic impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Economic impact</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2021%E2%80%932023_inflation" class="mw-redirect" title="2021–2023 inflation">Inflation surge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_Moldovan_energy_crisis" title="2022–2023 Moldovan energy crisis">2022–2023 Moldovan energy crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moldovan_protests_(2022%E2%80%932023)" title="Moldovan protests (2022–2023)">protests</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_Moldovan_energy_crisis" title="2025 Moldovan energy crisis">2025 Moldovan energy crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_Russia%E2%80%93European_Union_gas_dispute" title="2022–2023 Russia–European Union gas dispute">Russia–EU gas dispute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2022_Nord_Stream_pipeline_sabotage" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Nord Stream pipeline sabotage">2022 Nord Stream pipeline sabotage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_debt_default" title="2022 Russian debt default">Russian debt default</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_crude_oil_price_cap_sanctions" title="2022 Russian crude oil price cap sanctions">2022 Russian oil price cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_economic_crisis_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="German economic crisis (2022–present)">2022-2024 German economic crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Russian_oil_products_sanctions_and_price_cap" title="2023 Russian oil products sanctions and price cap">2023 Russian oil products sanctions and price cap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EU_natural_gas_price_cap" title="EU natural gas price cap">EU natural gas price cap</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Ukraine#During_the_2022_Russian_invasion" title="Education in Ukraine">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whisky_War" title="Whisky War">End of the Whisky War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Environmental impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Environmental impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020s_European_re-armament" title="2020s European re-armament">European re-armament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2022" title="Eurovision Song Contest 2022">Eurovision Song Contest 2022</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russia_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2022" title="Russia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2022">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest_2022" title="Ukraine in the Eurovision Song Contest 2022">Ukraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_2023" title="Eurovision Song Contest 2023">Eurovision Song Contest 2023</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%932023_food_crises" class="mw-redirect" title="2022–2023 food crises">Food crises</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theatre_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theatre during the Russian invasion of Ukraine (page does not exist)">Impact on theatre</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%80_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="uk:Театр часів Російсько-української війни">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_notable_deaths_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="List of notable deaths during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">List of notable deaths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lukoil_oil_transit_dispute" title="Lukoil oil transit dispute">Lukoil oil transit dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine_on_nuclear_power_plants" title="Impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on nuclear power plants">Nuclear power plants</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_Nuclear_Power_Plant_crisis" title="Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant crisis">Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant crisis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_risk_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Nuclear risk during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Nuclear risk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_and_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Religion and the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_emigration_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian emigration during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian emigration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ark_(organisation)" title="Ark (organisation)">The Ark</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ship_losses_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="List of ship losses during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Ship losses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_cultural_heritage_during_the_2022_Russian_invasion" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian cultural heritage during the 2022 Russian invasion">Ukrainian cultural heritage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_theft_and_looting_by_Russia_during_the_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Art theft and looting by Russia during the invasion of Ukraine">art theft and looting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_damaged_cultural_sites_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="List of damaged cultural sites during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">damaged cultural sites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trauma_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Trauma in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Trauma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Urengoy%E2%80%93Pomary%E2%80%93Uzhhorod_pipeline_explosion" title="2022 Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline explosion">Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline explosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_energy_crisis" title="Ukrainian energy crisis">Ukrainian energy crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Violations_of_non-combatant_airspaces_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Violations of non-combatant airspaces during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Violations of non-combatant airspaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Women in the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Human rights</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_impacts_of_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Humanitarian impacts of the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Humanitarian impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_refugee_crisis_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian refugee crisis (2022–present)">Ukrainian refugee crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sobieskiego_100" title="Sobieskiego 100">Sobieskiego 100</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_International_Commission_of_Inquiry_on_Ukraine" title="Independent International Commission of Inquiry on Ukraine">UN Commission of Inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Human_Rights_Monitoring_Mission_in_Ukraine" title="United Nations Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine">UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terms and phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/And_now_I_will_show_you_where_the_attack_on_Belarus_was_prepared_from" title="And now I will show you where the attack on Belarus was prepared from">And now I will show you where the attack on Belarus was prepared from</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxons_(slur)" title="Anglo-Saxons (slur)">Anglo-Saxons</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bavovna" title="Bavovna">Bavovna</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Grandpa_in_his_bunker" title="Grandpa in his bunker">Grandpa in his bunker</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Good_Evening_(Where_Are_You_From%3F)" title="Good Evening (Where Are You From?)">Good evening, we are from Ukraine</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Orc_(slang)" title="Orc (slang)">Orc</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Putin_khuylo!#Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Putin khuylo!">Putin khuylo!</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Khuy_Voyne!#Russo-Ukrainian_war" title="Khuy Voyne!">Khuy Voyne!</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Russia_is_here_forever&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Russia is here forever (page does not exist)">Russia is here forever</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="uk:Росія тут назавжди">uk</a>]"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Russian_warship,_go_fuck_yourself" title="Russian warship, go fuck yourself">Russian warship, go fuck yourself</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Slava_Ukraini#Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Slava Ukraini">Slava Ukraini!</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Special_military_operation" title="Special military operation">Special military operation</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/To_bomb_Voronezh" title="To bomb Voronezh">To bomb Voronezh</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Strength_is_in_truth" title="Strength is in truth">Strength is in truth</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Westsplaining" title="Westsplaining">Westsplaining</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Where_have_you_been_for_eight_years%3F" title="Where have you been for eight years?">Where have you been for eight years?</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Without_you_(speech)" title="Without you (speech)">Without you</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Songs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/12_(song)" title="12 (song)">12</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bakhmut_Fortress" title="Bakhmut Fortress">Bakhmut Fortress</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bayraktar_(song)" title="Bayraktar (song)">Bayraktar</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bilia_topoli" title="Bilia topoli">Bilia topoli</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/City_of_Mary_(song)" title="City of Mary (song)">City of Mary</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Flowers_of_Minefields" title="Flowers of Minefields">Flowers of Minefields</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Generation_Cancellation" title="Generation Cancellation">Generation Cancellation</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Generation_Z_(song)" title="Generation Z (song)">Generation Z</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/I%27m_Russian_(song)" title="I'm Russian (song)">I'm Russian</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Oyda_(song)" title="Oyda (song)">Oyda</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Hey,_Hey,_Rise_Up!" title="Hey, Hey, Rise Up!">Hey, Hey, Rise Up!</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Mama_%C5%A0%C4%8C!" title="Mama ŠČ!">Mama ŠČ!</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Oi_u_luzi_chervona_kalyna" title="Oi u luzi chervona kalyna">Oi u luzi chervona kalyna</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Slava_Ukraini!_(song)" title="Slava Ukraini! (song)">Slava Ukraini!</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Stefania_(song)" title="Stefania (song)">Stefania</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Ukraine_(song)" title="Ukraine (song)">Ukraine</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Crushed_(Imagine_Dragons_song)" title="Crushed (Imagine Dragons song)">Crushed</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/20_Days_in_Mariupol" title="20 Days in Mariupol">20 Days in Mariupol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Rising_Fury" title="A Rising Fury">A Rising Fury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Follow_Me_(documentary)" class="mw-redirect" title="Follow Me (documentary)">Follow Me</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercepted_(film)" title="Intercepted (film)">Intercepted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russians_at_War" title="Russians at War">Russians at War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turn_in_the_Wound" title="Turn in the Wound">Turn in the Wound</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukraine_on_Fire_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ukraine on Fire 2 (page does not exist)">Ukraine on Fire 2</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BD%D1%96_2" class="extiw" title="uk:Україна в огні 2">uk</a>]</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babylon%2713" title="Babylon'13">Babylon'13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Back_to_the_Cold_War" title="Back to the Cold War">Back to the Cold War</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borodianka_cat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Borodianka cat (page does not exist)">Borodianka cat</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B7_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="uk:Кішка з Бородянки">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghost_of_Kyiv" title="Ghost of Kyiv">Ghost of Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherson_watermelon" title="Kherson watermelon">Kherson watermelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%A1lovec_Region" title="Královec Region">Královec Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madonna_of_Kyiv" title="Madonna of Kyiv">Madonna of Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NAFO_(group)" title="NAFO (group)">North Atlantic Fella Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newspeak_in_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Newspeak in Russia (page does not exist)">Newspeak in Russia</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%8F%D0%B7_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="ru:Новояз в России">ru</a>; <a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B2_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D1%97" class="extiw" title="uk:Новомова в Росії">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patron_(dog)" title="Patron (dog)">Patron</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Putler#After_2014" title="Putler">Putler</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Putinversteher" title="Putinversteher">Putinversteher</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raccoon_of_Kherson" title="Raccoon of Kherson">Raccoon of Kherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Javelin" title="Saint Javelin">Saint Javelin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint_Mariuburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint Mariuburg (page does not exist)">Saint Mariuburg</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" class="extiw" title="ru:Санкт-Мариубург">ru</a>; <a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%83%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3" class="extiw" title="uk:Санкт-Маріубург">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasylkiv_maiolica_rooster" title="Vasylkiv maiolica rooster">Vasylkiv maiolica rooster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin%27s_meeting_table" title="Vladimir Putin's meeting table">Vladimir Putin's meeting table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walk_of_the_Brave" title="Walk of the Brave">Walk of the Brave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z_(military_symbol)" title="Z (military symbol)">"Z" military symbol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Key_people1985" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Key people</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ukrainians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speeches_by_Volodymyr_Zelenskyy_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Speeches by Volodymyr Zelenskyy during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">speeches during the invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_visit_by_Volodymyr_Zelenskyy_to_the_United_States" title="2022 visit by Volodymyr Zelenskyy to the United States">visit to the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_visit_by_Volodymyr_Zelenskyy_to_the_United_Kingdom" title="2023 visit by Volodymyr Zelenskyy to the United Kingdom">visit to the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2023_European_visits_by_Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="May 2023 European visits by Volodymyr Zelenskyy">visits to Europe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andriy_Biletsky" title="Andriy Biletsky">Andriy Biletsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Pushilin" title="Denis Pushilin">Denis Pushilin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denys_Shmyhal" title="Denys Shmyhal">Denys Shmyhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denys_Kireyev" title="Denys Kireyev">Denys Kireyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denys_Monastyrsky" title="Denys Monastyrsky">Denys Monastyrsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denys_Prokopenko" title="Denys Prokopenko">Denys Prokopenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iryna_Venediktova" title="Iryna Venediktova">Iryna Venediktova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrylo_Budanov" title="Kyrylo Budanov">Kyrylo Budanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Pasechnik" title="Leonid Pasechnik">Leonid Pasechnik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykhailo_Drapatyi" title="Mykhailo Drapatyi">Mykhailo Drapatyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykola_Oleschuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Mykola Oleschuk">Mykola Oleschuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Pavlyuk" class="mw-redirect" title="Oleksandr Pavlyuk">Oleksandr Pavlyuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Syrskyi" title="Oleksandr Syrskyi">Oleksandr Syrskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleksii_Reznikov" title="Oleksii Reznikov">Oleksii Reznikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleksiy_Danilov" title="Oleksiy Danilov">Oleksiy Danilov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleksiy_Neizhpapa" title="Oleksiy Neizhpapa">Oleksiy Neizhpapa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruslan_Khomchak" title="Ruslan Khomchak">Ruslan Khomchak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustem_Umerov" title="Rustem Umerov">Rustem Umerov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergiy_Kyslytsya" title="Sergiy Kyslytsya">Sergiy Kyslytsya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhiy_Shaptala" title="Serhiy Shaptala">Serhiy Shaptala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhii_Sternenko" title="Serhii Sternenko">Serhii Sternenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerii_Zaluzhnyi" title="Valerii Zaluzhnyi">Valerii Zaluzhnyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasyl_Malyuk" title="Vasyl Malyuk">Vasyl Malyuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitali_Klitschko" title="Vitali Klitschko">Vitali Klitschko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevhen_Moisiuk" title="Yevhen Moisiuk">Yevhen Moisiuk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Dvornikov" title="Aleksandr Dvornikov">Aleksandr Dvornikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Lapin_(general)" title="Aleksandr Lapin (general)">Aleksandr Lapin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Dyumin" title="Aleksey Dyumin">Aleksey Dyumin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksey_Nagin" title="Aleksey Nagin">Aleksey Nagin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Bortnikov" title="Alexander Bortnikov">Alexander Bortnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Kolesnikov_(general)" title="Andrei Kolesnikov (general)">Andrei Kolesnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Sychevoi" title="Andrei Sychevoi">Andrei Sychevoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Belousov" title="Andrey Belousov">Andrey Belousov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Vorobyov" title="Andrey Vorobyov">Andrey Vorobyov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Dmitry Medvedev">Dmitry Medvedev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zhidko" title="Gennady Zhidko">Gennady Zhidko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Kastyukevich" title="Igor Kastyukevich">Igor Kastyukevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Ivanovich_Popov" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan Ivanovich Popov">Ivan Popov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Mishustin" title="Mikhail Mishustin">Mikhail Mishustin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Lvova-Belova" title="Maria Lvova-Belova">Maria Lvova-Belova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Patrushev" title="Nikolai Patrushev">Nikolai Patrushev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Salyukov" title="Oleg Salyukov">Oleg Salyukov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Tsokov" title="Oleg Tsokov">Oleg Tsokov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramzan_Kadyrov" title="Ramzan Kadyrov">Ramzan Kadyrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Berdnikov" title="Roman Berdnikov">Roman Berdnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustam_Muradov" title="Rustam Muradov">Rustam Muradov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Kobylash" title="Sergey Kobylash">Sergey Kobylash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Lavrov" title="Sergey Lavrov">Sergey Lavrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Naryshkin" title="Sergey Naryshkin">Sergey Naryshkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Shoigu" title="Sergei Shoigu">Sergei Shoigu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Surovikin" title="Sergey Surovikin">Sergey Surovikin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timur_Ivanov" title="Timur Ivanov">Timur Ivanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valery_Gerasimov" title="Valery Gerasimov">Valery Gerasimov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Sokolov_(naval_officer)" title="Viktor Sokolov (naval officer)">Viktor Sokolov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Zolotov" title="Viktor Zolotov">Viktor Zolotov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitaly_Gerasimov" title="Vitaly Gerasimov">Vitaly Gerasimov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Gladkov" title="Vyacheslav Gladkov">Vyacheslav Gladkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyacheslav_Volodin" title="Vyacheslav Volodin">Vyacheslav Volodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Prigozhin" title="Yevgeny Prigozhin">Yevgeny Prigozhin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus"><img alt="Belarus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/15px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/30px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Lukashenko" title="Alexander Lukashenko">Alexander Lukashenko</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Related3059" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_North_Korea%E2%80%93Russia_summit" title="2023 North Korea–Russia summit">2023 North Korea–Russia summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Korochansky_Ilyushin_Il-76_crash" title="2024 Korochansky Ilyushin Il-76 crash">2024 Korochansky Ilyushin Il-76 crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2025_Putin%E2%80%93Trump_call" title="2025 Putin–Trump call">2025 Putin–Trump call</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-drone_mesh" title="Anti-drone mesh">Anti-drone mesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Russian_sentiment" title="Anti-Russian sentiment">Anti-Russian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Ukrainian_sentiment" title="Anti-Ukrainian sentiment">Anti-Ukrainian sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonov_An-225_Mriya" title="Antonov An-225 Mriya">Antonov An-225 Mriya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axis_of_Upheaval" title="Axis of Upheaval">Axis of Upheaval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azovstal_Iron_and_Steel_Works" title="Azovstal Iron and Steel Works">Azovstal Iron and Steel Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Belgorod_accidental_bombing" title="2023 Belgorod accidental bombing">Belgorod accidental bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Brovary_helicopter_crash" title="2023 Brovary helicopter crash">Brovary helicopter crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Bryansk_Oblast_military_aircraft_crashes" title="2023 Bryansk Oblast military aircraft crashes">Bryansk Oblast military aircraft crashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claims_of_Vladimir_Putin%27s_incapacity_and_death" title="Claims of Vladimir Putin's incapacity and death">Claims of Vladimir Putin's incapacity and death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decolonization_in_Ukraine" title="Decolonization in Ukraine">Decolonization in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decommunization_in_Ukraine" title="Decommunization in Ukraine">Decommunization in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derussification_in_Ukraine" title="Derussification in Ukraine">Derussification in Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demolition_of_monuments_to_Alexander_Pushkin_in_Ukraine" title="Demolition of monuments to Alexander Pushkin in Ukraine">Demolition of monuments to Alexander Pushkin in Ukraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_serving_heads_of_state_and_government_that_have_visited_Ukraine_during_the_Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="List of serving heads of state and government that have visited Ukraine during the Russian invasion of Ukraine">Foreign leaders that have visited during the invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_for_the_Study_of_War" title="Institute for the Study of War">Institute for the Study of War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Irkutsk_military_aircraft_crash" title="2022 Irkutsk military aircraft crash">Irkutsk military aircraft crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Ivanovo_Ilyushin_Il-76_crash" title="2024 Ivanovo Ilyushin Il-76 crash">Ivanovo Ilyushin Il-76 crash</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2023_Kyivstar_cyberattack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2023 Kyivstar cyberattack (page does not exist)">Kyivstar cyberattack</a> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%C2%AB%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%C2%BB_(2023)" class="extiw" title="ru:Кибератака на «Киевстар» (2023)">ru</a>; <a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%C2%AB%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%97%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%C2%BB_(2023)" class="extiw" title="uk:Кібератака на «Київстар» (2023)">uk</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_R_incident" title="Lady R incident">Lady R incident</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nord Stream 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proposed_Russian_annexation_of_Transnistria" title="Proposed Russian annexation of Transnistria">Proposed Russian annexation of Transnistria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punisher_(drone)" title="Punisher (drone)">Punisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction" title="Russia and weapons of mass destruction">Russian nuclear weapons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/RS-28_Sarmat" title="RS-28 Sarmat">Sarmat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_military_presence_in_Transnistria" title="Russian military presence in Transnistria">Russian military presence in Transnistria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_Air_Force_Ilyushin_Il-76_crash" title="2022 Russian Air Force Ilyushin Il-76 crash">Ryazan military aircraft crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Siberian_wildfires" title="2022 Siberian wildfires">Siberian wildfires</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2023_Sinhury_mid-air_collision&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2023 Sinhury mid-air collision (page does not exist)">Sinhury mid-air collision</a> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8" class="extiw" title="uk:Зіткнення над Сінгурами">uk</a>; <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/2023%E5%B9%B4%E6%97%A5%E6%89%98%E7%B1%B3%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%9EL-39M1%E9%A3%9B%E6%A9%9F%E7%9B%B8%E6%92%9E%E4%BA%8B%E6%95%85" class="extiw" title="zh:2023年日托米爾州L-39M1飛機相撞事故">zh</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soloti_military_training_ground_shooting" title="Soloti military training ground shooting">Soloti military training ground shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_imagery_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Soviet imagery during the Russo-Ukrainian War">Soviet imagery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Center_of_Recruitment_and_Social_Support" title="Territorial Center of Recruitment and Social Support">Territorial Center of Recruitment and Social Support</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turtle_tank" title="Turtle tank">Turtle tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U-24_(association)" title="U-24 (association)">U-24 association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian-African_Renaissance" title="Ukrainian-African Renaissance">Ukrainian-African Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_conscription_crisis" title="Ukrainian conscription crisis">Ukrainian conscription crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_Western_long-range_weapons_by_Ukraine_in_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Use of Western long-range weapons by Ukraine in Russia">Western long-range weapons in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ural_Airlines_Flight_1383" title="Ural Airlines Flight 1383">Ural Airlines Flight 1383</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Russian_Aerospace_Forces_An-26_crash" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Russian Aerospace Forces An-26 crash">Voronezh military aircraft crash</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Vladimir_Putin_Interview" class="mw-redirect" title="The Vladimir Putin Interview">The Vladimir Putin Interview</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Yeysk_military_aircraft_crash" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Yeysk military aircraft crash">Yeysk military aircraft crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Moldovan_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt_allegations" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Moldovan coup d'état attempt allegations">Moldovan coup d'état attempt allegations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_visit_by_Joe_Biden_to_Ukraine" title="2023 visit by Joe Biden to Ukraine">2023 visit by Joe Biden to Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_visit_by_Fumio_Kishida_to_Ukraine" title="2023 visit by Fumio Kishida to Ukraine">2023 visit by Fumio Kishida to Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_visit_by_Xi_Jinping_to_Russia" title="2023 visit by Xi Jinping to Russia">2023 visit by Xi Jinping to Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_visit_by_Yoon_Suk_Yeol_to_Ukraine" title="2023 visit by Yoon Suk Yeol to Ukraine">2023 visit by Yoon Suk Yeol to Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Wagner_Group_plane_crash" title="2023 Wagner Group plane crash">Wagner Group plane crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaroslav_Hunka_scandal" title="Yaroslav Hunka scandal">Yaroslav Hunka scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Airlines_Flight_8243" title="Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243">Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" 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