IR 8425A, Recommended Cybersecurity Requirements for Consumer-Grade Router Products

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <title>IR 8425A, Recommended Cybersecurity Requirements for Consumer-Grade Router Products | CSRC</title> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <meta http-equiv="content-style-type" content="text/css" /> <meta http-equiv="content-script-type" content="text/javascript" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="/CSRC/Media/images/favicons/browserconfig.xml" /> <meta name="theme-color" content="#000000" /> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="xbrnrVYDgLD-Bd64xHLCt4XsPXzUhQ-4lGMj4TdUUTA" /> <meta description="Ensuring the security of routers is crucial for safeguarding not only individuals’ data but also the integrity and availability of entire networks. With the increasing prevalence of smart home Internet of Things (IoT) devices and remote work setups, the significance of consumer-grade router cybersecurity has expanded, as these devices and applications often rely on routers in the home to connect to the internet. This report presents the consumer-grade router profile, which includes cybersecurity outcomes for consumer-grade router products and associated requirements from router standards." />  <meta name="dcterms.title" content="NIST Internal or Interagency Report (NISTIR) 8425A, Recommended Cybersecurity Requirements for Consumer-Grade Router Products" /> <meta name="dcterms.description" content="Ensuring the security of routers is crucial for safeguarding not only individuals’ data but also the integrity and availability of entire networks. With the increasing prevalence of smart home Internet of Things (IoT) devices and remote work setups, the significance of consumer-grade router cybersecurity has expanded, as these devices and applications often rely on routers in the home to connect to the internet. This report presents the consumer-grade router profile, which includes cybersecurity outcomes for consumer-grade router products and associated requirements from router standards." />  <meta name="dcterms.creator" content="Author: Michael Fagan (NIST)" /> <meta name="dcterms.creator" content="Author: Katerina Megas (NIST)" /> <meta name="dcterms.creator" content="Author: Paul Watrobski (NIST)" /> <meta name="dcterms.creator" content="Author: Jeffrey Marron (NIST)" /> <meta name="dcterms.creator" content="Author: Barbara Cuthill (NIST)" /> <meta name="dcterms.creator" content="Author: David Lemire (Huntington Ingalls Industries)" /> <meta name="dcterms.creator" content="Author: Brad Hoehn (Huntington Ingalls Industries)" /> <meta name="dcterms.creator" content="Author: Chris Evans (Huntington Ingalls Industries)" />  <meta name="dcterms.date.created" schema="ISO8601" content="2024-09-10" /> <meta name="dcterms.identifier" content="https://csrc.nist.gov/pubs/ir/8425/a/final" /> <meta name="dcterms.language" scheme="DCTERMS.RFC1766" content="EN-US" />  <meta name="citation_title" content="Recommended Cybersecurity Requirements for Consumer-Grade Router Products" /> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2024/09/10" /> <meta name="citation_doi" content="https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.8425A" /> <meta name="citation_technical_report_number" content="NIST Internal or Interagency Report (NISTIR) 8425A" /> <meta name="citation_technical_report_institution" content="National Institute of Standards and Technology" /> <meta name="citation_keywords" content="cybersecurity,consumer-grade routers,network security,Internet of Things" /> <meta name="citation_language" content="en" /> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.8425A" /> <meta name="citation_abstract_html_url" content="https://csrc.nist.gov/pubs/ir/8425/a/final" />  <meta name="citation_author" content="Fagan, Michael" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Megas, Katerina" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Watrobski, Paul" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Marron, Jeffrey" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Cuthill, Barbara" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Lemire, David" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Hoehn, Brad" /> <meta name="citation_author" content="Evans, Chris" />  <meta name="og:site_name" content="CSRC | NIST" /> <meta name="og:type" content="article" /> <meta name="og:url" content="https://csrc.nist.gov/pubs/ir/8425/a/final" /> <meta name="og:title" content="NIST Internal or Interagency Report (NISTIR) 8425A, Recommended Cybersecurity Requirements for Consumer-Grade Router Products" /> <meta name="og:description" content="Ensuring the security of routers is crucial for safeguarding not only individuals’ data but also the integrity and availability of entire networks. With the increasing prevalence of smart home Internet of Things (IoT) devices and remote work setups, the significance of consumer-grade router cybersecurity has expanded, as these devices and applications often rely on routers in the home to connect to the internet. This report presents the consumer-grade router profile, which includes cybersecurity outcomes for consumer-grade router products and associated requirements from router standards." /> <meta name="article:author" content="Fagan, Michael" /> <meta name="article:author" content="Megas, Katerina" /> <meta name="article:author" content="Watrobski, Paul" /> <meta name="article:author" content="Marron, Jeffrey" /> <meta name="article:author" content="Cuthill, Barbara" /> <meta name="article:author" content="Lemire, David" /> <meta name="article:author" content="Hoehn, Brad" /> <meta name="article:author" content="Evans, Chris" /> <meta name="article:tag" content="cybersecurity,consumer-grade routers,network security,Internet of Things" /> <meta name="article:published_time" content="2024-09-10" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/images/icons/apple-touch-icon.png" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/images/icons/favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/images/icons/favicon-16x16.png" sizes="16x16" /> <link rel="manifest" href="/images/icons/manifest.json" /> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/images/icons/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#000000" /> <link href="/CSRC/Media/images/favicons/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon" /> <link href="/CSRC/Media/images/favicons/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="icon" /> <link href="/dist/app.css" rel="stylesheet" />  <link href="/dist/highlight-js/github.css" rel="stylesheet" />  <link href="/dist/uswds/css/uswds.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="/dist/uswds/js/uswds-init.min.js"></script>  <style> .grecaptcha-badge { visibility: hidden; } </style> <script async type="text/javascript" id="_fed_an_ua_tag" src="https://dap.digitalgov.gov/Universal-Federated-Analytics-Min.js?agency=nist&subagency=csrc&pua=UA-66610693-15&yt=true&exts=xsd,xml,wav,mpg,mpeg,avi,rtf,webm,ogg,ogv,oga,map,otf,eot,svg,ttf,woff"></script> <style id="antiClickjackCss"> body > * { display: none !important; } #antiClickjack { display: block !important; } </style> <noscript> <style id="antiClickjackNoScript"> body > * { display: block !important; } #antiClickjack { display: none !important; } </style> </noscript> <script type="text/javascript" id="antiClickjackScript"> if (self === top) { // no clickjacking var antiClickjack = document.getElementById("antiClickjackCss"); antiClickjack.parentNode.removeChild(antiClickjack); } else { setTimeout(tryForward(), 5000); } function tryForward() { top.location = self.location; } </script>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-TSQ0PLGJZP"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-TSQ0PLGJZP'); </script>  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-MZQC4NCJ');</script>  </head> <body>  <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-MZQC4NCJ" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>  <div id="antiClickjack" style="display: none;"> <strong style="font-size: 1.6rem;">You are viewing this page in an unauthorized frame window.</strong> <p>This is a potential security issue, you are being redirected to <a href="https://csrc.nist.gov">https://csrc.nist.gov</a>.</p> </div> <section class="usa-banner" aria-label="Official website of the United States government"> <div class="usa-accordion"> <header class="usa-banner__header"> <noscript> <p style="font-size: 0.85rem; font-weight: bold;">You have JavaScript disabled. 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id="pub-topics-anchor-sm">Topics</a> </p> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8 col-sm-12 publication-panel"> <p> <strong>Date Published:</strong> <span id="pub-release-date" data-date-type="citation">September 2024</span><br /> </p> <h4>Author(s)</h4> <p id="pub-authors-container" data-total="8"> <span id="pub-author-0">Michael Fagan (NIST)</span>, <span id="pub-author-1">Katerina Megas (NIST)</span>, <span id="pub-author-2">Paul Watrobski (NIST)</span>, <span id="pub-author-3">Jeffrey Marron (NIST)</span>, <span id="pub-author-4">Barbara Cuthill (NIST)</span>, <span id="pub-author-5">David Lemire (Huntington Ingalls Industries)</span>, <span id="pub-author-6">Brad Hoehn (Huntington Ingalls Industries)</span>, <span id="pub-author-7">Chris Evans (Huntington Ingalls Industries)</span> </p> <div class="bs-callout bs-callout-success pub-abstract-callout"> <h4 id="pubs-abstract-header">Abstract</h4> <div class="hidden-sm hidden-xs hidden-xxs" id="pub-detail-abstract-info"><p>Ensuring the security of routers is crucial for safeguarding not only individuals’ data but also the integrity and availability of entire networks. With the increasing prevalence of smart home Internet of Things (IoT) devices and remote work setups, the significance of consumer-grade router cybersecurity has expanded, as these devices and applications often rely on routers in the home to connect to the internet. This report presents the <i>consumer-grade router profile</i>, which includes cybersecurity outcomes for consumer-grade router products and associated requirements from router standards.</p></div> <div class="hidden-lg hidden-md"> <div id="pub-detail-abstract-min"> Ensuring the security of routers is crucial for safeguarding not only individuals’ data but also the integrity and availability of entire networks. With the increasing prevalence of smart home Internet of Things (IoT) devices and remote work setups, the significance of consumer-grade router... <a href="#pubs-abstract-header" id="pub-detail-abs-show">See full abstract</a> </div> <div id="pub-detail-abstract-all" style="display: none;"> <p>Ensuring the security of routers is crucial for safeguarding not only individuals’ data but also the integrity and availability of entire networks. With the increasing prevalence of smart home Internet of Things (IoT) devices and remote work setups, the significance of consumer-grade router cybersecurity has expanded, as these devices and applications often rely on routers in the home to connect to the internet. This report presents the <i>consumer-grade router profile</i>, which includes cybersecurity outcomes for consumer-grade router products and associated requirements from router standards.</p><br /> <a href="#pubs-abstract-header" id="pub-detail-abs-hide">Hide full abstract</a> </div> </div> <h4>Keywords</h4> <span id='pub-keywords-container' data-total='4'> <span id="pub-keyword-0">cybersecurity</span>; <span id="pub-keyword-1">consumer-grade routers</span>; <span id="pub-keyword-2">network security</span>; <span id="pub-keyword-3">Internet of Things</span> </span> </div> <h5>Control Families</h5> <p> <span id="pub-control-fam-container" data-total="0">None selected</span> </p> </div> <div class="col-md-4 col-sm-12"> <div class="bs-callout bs-callout-success" id="pubs-documentation"> <h4>Documentation</h4> <p> <strong>Publication:</strong><br /> <a href="https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.8425A" id="pub-doi-link"> <i class="fa fa-external-link" aria-hidden="true"></i> https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.IR.8425A </a><br /> <a href="https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/ir/2024/NIST.IR.8425A.pdf" id="pub-local-download-link"> <i class="fa fa-download"></i> Download URL </a><br /> </p> <p> <strong>Supplemental Material:</strong><br /> <span id="pub-supp-container" data-total="1"> <a href="https://www.nist.gov/itl/applied-cybersecurity/nist-cybersecurity-iot-program/consumer-iot-cybersecurity" id="pub-supp-link-0"><i class="fa fa-file"></i> Consumer IoT Cybersecurity </a><br /> </span> </p> <p> <strong>Publication Parts:</strong><br /> <span id="pub-part-container" data-total="1"> <a href="/pubs/ir/8425/final" id="pub-part-link-0">IR 8425</a><br /> </span> </p> <p> <strong>Document History:</strong><br /> <span id="pub-history-container" data-total="2"> 04/17/24: <a href="/pubs/ir/8425/a/ipd" id="pub-history-link-0" data-current-document='false'>IR 8425A (Draft)</a><br /> 09/10/24: <span id="pub-history-link-1" data-current-document='true'>IR 8425A (Final)</span><br /> </span> </p> </div> <div class="bs-callout bs-callout-danger" id="topicsCallout-lg"> <h4>Topics</h4> <strong id="pub-cat-0">Security and Privacy</strong> <p> <a id="pub-cat-top-0-0" href="/topics/security-and-privacy/general-security-and-privacy">general security & privacy</a> </p> <strong id="pub-cat-1">Technologies</strong> <p> <a id="pub-cat-top-1-0" href="/topics/technologies/networks">networks</a> </p> <strong id="pub-cat-2">Applications</strong> <p> <a id="pub-cat-top-2-0" href="/topics/applications/cybersecurity-framework">cybersecurity framework</a>, <a id="pub-cat-top-2-1" href="/topics/applications/internet-of-things">Internet of Things</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer-pusher"></div> </div> <footer id="footer"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-6"> <span class="hidden-xs"> <a href="https://www.nist.gov" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology" rel="home" target="_blank" class="footer-nist-logo" 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IR 8425A, Recommended Cybersecurity Requirements for Consumer-Grade Router Products | CSRC